0510712021 Urban vilage - Wikipedia
‘WIKIPEDIA
Urban village
In urban planning and design, an
urban village is an urban
development typically characterized by
medium-density housing, mixed use
zoning, good public transit and an
emphasis on pedestrianization and
public space. Contemporary urban
village ideas are closely related to New
Urbanism and smart growth ideas
initiated in the United States.!4)
Urban villages are seen to provide an
alternative to recent patterns of urban
development in many cities, especially
decentralization and urban sprawl.
They are generally purported to:
= Reduce car reliance and promote cycling, walking and transit use
= Provide a high level of self-containment (people working, recreating and living in the same area)
= Help facilitate strong community institutions and interaction
‘The concept of urban villages was formally born in Britain in the late 1980s with the establishment of
the Urban Villages Group (UVG).2! Following pressure from the UVG, the concept was prioritized in
British national planning policy between 1997 and 1999.'3! Urban villages also come in the form of
suburbs of metropolitan areas that are politically designated as villages.
Contents
Application
Influences and impetus
Criticisms
Examples
See also
Suburbs classified as "villages"
References
External links
Application
Urban village ideals have been applied to new greenfield and brownfield developments and urban
renewal projects. The concept has been widely adopted in many countries and used by both
government development agencies as well as private enterprise as a guiding concept for many
projects.
hitpsiien wikipedia orgvkfUrbar_vilage aosiori2021 Urban vilage - Wikipedia
Influences and impetus
The ideas of the urban commentator Jane Jacobs are widely regarded as having had the largest
influence on the urban village concept.!4l Jacobs rejected the modernist views that dominated urban
planning and architecture in the 1950s-60s and constructed an alternative philosophy that values
traditional neighborhoods and the role of the inner city.{5 Proponents believe that urban villages
provide a viable alternative to the social ills that characterize modernism in cities, such as freeways
and high-rise estates.
Another strong impetus for urban villages has been growing disenchantment with the urban sprawl
that has characterized the development of many cities since World War II. Urban villages are seen to
create self-contained communities that reduce the need to travel large distances and reduce the
subsequent reliance on the automobile. The decline of noxious industry and the emergence of the
service economy allows the mixing of employment and residential activities without detriment to
residents. This is in contrast to the single-use zoning that helped fuel urban sprawl during the
industrial and manufacturing eras. Through more consolidated development, urban villages can
reduce the intrusion of urban growth on the countryside. These environmental consequences of
urban sprawl have come to dominate discussion promoting urban villages in recent years.[6]
Urban villages are widely seen to provide a solution to the demise of community that is often
associated with modernism and sprawl. The concept uses the social and physical morphology of the
traditional rural village as an inspiration for creating better functioning communities. The urban
village movement has been influenced by yenezer Howard's Garden City ideals which also
emphasize environmental determinism in relation to community. Urban design techniques such as
public space and pedestrianization are employed to facilitate the development of community by
encouraging human interaction. This philosophy shares many attributes with the new urbanism
school of thought.
Criticisms
Many urban village developments, both Government and privately initiated, have been seen to depart
from the original ideals of the concept. Private developments often use the ‘urban village’ label as an
advertising pitch or to win Government support for their project.'7] Many developments, although
intended to create a true urban village form, have not achieved their objectives. Some planners
question whether a genuine urban village has actually been built.(8)
‘The objectives of urban villages are often criticized as unrealistic because they ignore broader social
and economic realities. The ability to create self-contained villages is questionable as employment
and activity patterns continue to become more complex. The viability of creating a variety of
employment and activity within an area with a small population base can also be questioned.!9! It has
been suggested that the demise of the neighborhood community is a function of “conscious economic
and social choice” rather than a product of urban form.°]
The limitations of the urban village concept to achieve sustainability in urban areas have also been
studied in developing countries, which further emphasizes the institutional barriers against such an
application in the case of the developing countries. This issue becomes more critical when we accept
that the institutional landscape in rural environments is more complex than urban areas and that
incompatible institutional structure of the developing countries would add to the idealistic nature of
the urban village concept!)
Some urban commentators believe that urban villages are not a new concept and are simply a re-
formulation of ideas that have been prevalent in urban planning for decades. 2!
hitpsiien wikipedia orgvkfUrbar_vilage 216osiori2021 Urban vilage - Wikipedia
Examples
The following is a brief list of a few projects claimed to be urban villages that have evolved or already
been completed, or are in planning stages:
= Bulimba & Hawthorne Urban Village - Brisbane Queensland Australia (http://www.oxfordstreetbuli
mba.com.au)
= Kelvin Grove Urban Village, Brisbane, Australia
= Doncaster Hill, Melbourne, Australia
= Westboro Village, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
= Commercial Drive, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
= Willowgrove and Rosewood, Saskatoon, Canada (Planned communities based on the urban
village concept)
«= Parkside Village in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
= Osborne Village in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
= Canal Street and the surrounding areas that make up Manchester Gay Village, Manchester,
United Kingdom
= Holbeck Urban Village, Leeds, United Kingdom
= Poundbury, Dorset, England
= Fairford Leys, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England
= Coed Darcy, Wales, United Kingdom
= Greenwich Millennium Village, London, United Kingdom
= Metro Walk, Richmond, California
= Adamstown, Dublin, Ireland
= Saifi Village in Centre Ville, Beirut, Lebanon
= Franklin, Michigan, United States
= Bensenville, Illinois, United States
= Ballston, Clarendon, Courthouse, Crystal City, Pentagon City, Rosslyn, Shirlington and Virginia
Square in Arlington, Virginia, United States
= Santana Row in San Jose, California, United States
= City of Phoenix Urban Villages, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
= Central Village, East Village, and South Village in Sandy, Utah, United States (master-planned
villages under development)
= The Village, Oklahoma, a city in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area that has "village" in its
name
See also
= Peri Urban Regions Platform Europe
= New Urbanism
= Transit oriented development
= Urban planning
= Urban sprawl
= Principles of Intelligent Urbanism
= Rubanisation
Suburbs classified as
= Bensenville, IL a suburb of Chicago
hitpsilen wikipedia orgvikifUbar_vilage iosioraczs Utbanvlage- Wkpesia
= Franklin, Ml (a suburb of Detroit)
= Lathrup Village, Ml (a suburb of Detroit)
References
1. Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 733. ISBN 978-0415862875.
2. Tony Aldous (1992) Urban villages : a concept for creating mixed-use urban developments on a
sustainable scale, London: Urban Villages Group, pp. 11-13
3, Department of the Environment (DOE) (1997) PPG1: General Policies and Proposals, London:
DOE
4, Robert Gratz (2003), ‘Authentic urbanism and the Jane Jacobs legacy’ in Urban villages and the
making of communities, London: Spon Press, pp. 17-23
5, Jane Jacobs (1961) The death and life of American cities, New York: Random House
6. Michael Biddulph, Bridgett Franklin & Malcolm Tait (2003) 'From concept to completion: A critical
analysis of the urban village’, Town and Regional Planning, 74:2
7. Michael Biddulph, Bridgett Franklin & Malcolm Tait (2003) 'From concept to completion: A critical
analysis of the urban village’, Town and Regional Planning, 74:2
8, Bridget Franklin and Malcolm Tait (2003), ‘Constructing an image: The urban village concept in
the UK’, Planning Theory, 1:3
9, Malcoim Tait (2003), 'Urban Villages as self-sufficient, integrated communities: a case study in
London's Docklands’, Urban Design International, 8
10. Hugh Barton (2000), 'Do Neighbourhoods Matter?’, Sustainable Communities: The Potential for
Eco-Neighbourhoods, London: Earthscan
11, Hossein Bahrainy and Mehdi Azizkhani (2012), ‘institutional Barriers to the Application of Urban
Village as A Too! for Achieving Urban Sustainability in Developing Countries-the Case of
Asheghabaad, Isfahan, Iran’, Armanshahr Journal, 5(8), 43:57
12. Bridget Franklin and Malcolm Tait (2003), ‘Constructing an image: The urban village concept in
the UK’, Planning Theory, 1:3
External links
= Urban Villages - an introduction (http://www.ice.org.ukirtfpdf/BS-Urban%20Villages. pdf)
= The Case for Urban Villages (http:/Mwww-fscr.org/html/2000-01-05.html), Randall Fleming, 2000
= Urban Villages - the best of both worlds? (http://about-britain.com/academic/urban-villages.htm),
Andrew Rossiter 2001
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