‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬

‫)أرﻗﺎم وﻣﺆﺷﺮات(‬

‫‪1‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬي‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫• ﺗﺴﺎرع ﻧﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻷردﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻷﺧﻴﺮة أدى إﻟﻰ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻊ أﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﺷﻬﺪت هﺬﻩ اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ﺗﺤﻮﻻ واﺿﺤﺎ ﻧﺤﻮ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻐﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ آﻤﺼﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ‪%‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬
‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪4952.6‬‬ ‫‪4815‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ‬

‫‪940.6‬‬ ‫‪2003.5‬‬ ‫‪213‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫‪646.2‬‬ ‫‪135.7‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬

‫‪46.2‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫‪40.5‬‬ ‫‪7186.8‬‬ ‫‪5114‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬

‫‪50.5‬‬ ‫‪2724‬‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺔ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ‪1810‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬

‫• ﺗﻀﺎﻋﻒ آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺿﺌﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ)‪ .(%3.8‬وﻻ ﺷﻚ أن هﺬا اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ﻳﻌﻜﺲ اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬
‫اﻟﺘﻲ ﻃﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻟﻸﻏﺮاض‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻷﻏﺮاض اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻇﻞ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي واﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ أﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ واﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ‪ 2000‬و‪2006‬‬

‫‪60‬‬
‫‪51.9‬‬
‫‪47.76‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ)‪(00‬‬

‫‪40‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫‪18.8‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪8.5‬‬
‫‪10‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‬ ‫آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬

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‫• اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴ ﺔ ﺳﻴﻮاﺻ ﻞ اﻻرﺗﻔ ﺎع ﻣ ﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ ﺑﻤﻌ ﺪل ‪ %3.1‬ﺳ ﻨﻮﻳﺎ ﻣ ﻊ اﺳ ﺘﻤﺮار‬
‫اﻧﺨﻔ ﺎض ﻣ ﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟ ﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨ ﺎم واﻟﻤ ﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ ﺧﻠ ﻴﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻜﻠ ﻲ ﻟ ﺼﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﻐ ﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ‪%‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪2020‬‬ ‫‪2008‬‬
‫‪50.9‬‬ ‫‪62.8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬

‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬

‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﺗﺰاﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﻴﺠ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻤ ﻮ واﻟﺰﻳ ﺎدة ﻓ ﻲ اﺳ ﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑ ﺎء ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺘﺪﻓﺌ ﺔ واﻟﺘﺒﺮﻳ ﺪ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟ ﺴﻨﻮات اﻷﺧﻴ ﺮة‪ .‬وارﺗﻔ ﺎع ﻧ ﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔ ﺮد ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑ ﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %40.5‬ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎم ‪.2000‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ‪%‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬

‫‪28.3‬‬ ‫‪3970.7‬‬ ‫‪3095.4‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺮرة‬

‫‪56.1‬‬ ‫‪823.8‬‬ ‫‪527.8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬

‫‪46.2‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫‪32.6‬‬ ‫‪4889.5‬‬ ‫‪3688.2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬

‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ‪%‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫أهﻢ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م(‬
‫‪10.6‬‬ ‫‪313‬‬ ‫‪283‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻤﺴﺎل‬

‫‪24.3‬‬ ‫‪741‬‬ ‫‪596‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬

‫‪23.5‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪243‬‬ ‫أﻓﺘﻮر‬

‫‪47.6‬‬ ‫‪1837‬‬ ‫‪1202‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬

‫‪50.0‬‬ ‫‪168‬‬ ‫‪112‬‬ ‫أﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬

‫‪*31.8-‬‬ ‫‪1333‬‬ ‫‪1957‬‬ ‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬

‫* ﻳﻌﻮد اﻻﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻹﺣﻼل اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪.‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ‪%‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد‬
‫‪56.4‬‬ ‫‪9593‬‬ ‫‪6133‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س(‬
‫‪40.5‬‬ ‫‪1711‬‬ ‫ﻧ ﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔ ﺮد ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ ‪1218‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬

‫• ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ‪%‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ)ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ‪%‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ)ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ‪%‬‬
‫‪73.4‬‬ ‫‪35.8‬‬ ‫‪3435‬‬ ‫‪32.3‬‬ ‫‪1981‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‬
‫‪39.7‬‬ ‫‪28.7‬‬ ‫‪2757‬‬ ‫‪32.2‬‬ ‫‪1974‬‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫‪88.3‬‬ ‫‪15.8‬‬ ‫‪1516‬‬ ‫‪13.1‬‬ ‫‪805‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬
‫‪41.0‬‬ ‫‪14.6‬‬ ‫‪1396‬‬ ‫‪16.1‬‬ ‫‪990‬‬ ‫ﺿﺦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬
‫‪50.9‬‬ ‫‪2.7‬‬ ‫‪261‬‬ ‫‪2.8‬‬ ‫‪173‬‬ ‫إﻧﺎرة اﻟﺸﻮارع‬
‫‪8.57‬‬ ‫‪2.4‬‬ ‫‪228‬‬ ‫‪3.5‬‬ ‫‪210‬‬ ‫أﺧﺮى‬
‫‪56.4‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪9593‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪6133‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬

‫• أﺷﺎرت اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت إﻟﻰ ﺗﺰاﻳﺪ ﻣﻠﺤ ﻮظ ﻓ ﻲ أﻋ ﺪاد اﻟﻌ ﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻓ ﻲ ﻗﻄ ﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑ ﺎء ﺑ ﻴﻦ ﻋ ﺎﻣﻲ ‪2000‬‬
‫و‪ ،2006‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺰﻳ ﺎدة ﻓ ﻲ أﻋ ﺪاد اﻟﻌ ﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ‪ %15.7‬ﺑ ﻴﻦ اﻟﻌ ﺎﻣﻴﻦ اﻟﻤ ﺬآﻮرﻳﻦ‪ .‬آﻤ ﺎ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﻊ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ % 37‬ﺧﻼل اﻟﻔﺘ ﺮة اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴ ﺔ ذاﺗﻬ ﺎ )‪872‬‬
‫أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ‪ 1195‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪.(2006‬‬

‫• وﺗ ﺸﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻗﻌ ﺎت وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ واﻟﺜ ﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴ ﺔ إﻟ ﻰ إن ﻧﻤ ﻮ اﻟﻄﻠ ﺐ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ‬
‫ﺳ ﻴﺘﺮاﺟﻊ ﻣ ﻦ ‪ %10.4‬ﻓ ﻲ ﻋ ﺎم ‪ 2007‬إﻟ ﻰ ‪ %3.7‬ﻓ ﻲ ﻋ ﺎم ‪ 2020‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠ ﺔ ﻟﻺﺟ ﺮاءات اﻟﺘ ﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻨﻬﺎ اﻹﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻦ آﻔﺎءة اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒ ﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻣ ﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌ ﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺤ ﻀﺮة واﻟﺘ ﻲ ﻻ ﻳ ﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ أﺣ ﺪ اﻻﺳ ﺘﻐﻨﺎء ﻋﻨﻬ ﺎ‬
‫آﻮﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺤﺮك ﻟﻨﻮاﺣﻲ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟ ﺬا آ ﺎن ﻣ ﻦ اﻟ ﻀﺮورة واﻧ ﺴﺠﺎﻣﺎ ﻣ ﻊ رؤﻳ ﺔ اﻟ ﺪاﺋﺮة ورﺳ ﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ أن ﻳ ﺘﻢ ﺗ ﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻧ ﺎت دﻗﻴﻘ ﺔ‬
‫وﺣﺪﻳﺜ ﺔ ﺣ ﻮل ﻗﻄ ﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻻرﺗﺒﺎﻃ ﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳ ﺪ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋ ﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﺟﻬ ﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺤﺎﺟ ﺎت‬
‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ أﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫إن ﺑﻴﺎﻧ ﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳ ﺮ اﻟﺤ ﺎﻟﻲ ﻗ ﺪ ﺗ ﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻬ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﻣ ﺼﺎدر ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔ ﺔ آ ﻮزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ واﻟﺜ ﺮوة‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷ ﺮآﺔ ﻣ ﺼﻔﺎة اﻟﺒﺘ ﺮول اﻷردﻧﻴ ﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺮآ ﺰ اﻟ ﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻟﺒﺤ ﻮث اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺷ ﺮآﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑ ﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﻮﺣﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻔﺬﺗﻬﺎ داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وإذ ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة اﻟﻨ ﺸﺮة اﻷوﻟ ﻰ ﺣ ﻮل اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻬ ﺎ ﺗﺘﻘ ﺪم ﺑﺎﻟ ﺸﻜﺮ إﻟ ﻰ ﺟﻤﻴ ﻊ ﻣ ﻦ ﺳ ﺎهﻢ ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺰوﻳ ﺪهﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧ ﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔ ﺔ ﻟﻬ ﺬا اﻟﻘﻄ ﺎع‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻠ ﺔ أن ﺗﻜ ﻮن ه ﺬﻩ اﻟﻨ ﺸﺮة ﻣ ﺼﺪرا أﺳﺎﺳ ﻴﺎ ﻳ ﺴﺎهﻢ ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻘﺮار واﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ ورﺳﻢ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫آﻤﺎ وﻳﺴﻌﺪ داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ أن ﺗﺘﻠﻘ ﻰ أي ﻣﻼﺣﻈ ﺎت ﺗﻬ ﺪف إﻟ ﻰ ﺗﺤ ﺴﻴﻦ وﺗﻄ ﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫هﺬا اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ‪.‬‬

‫د‪ .‬ﻏﺎزي اﻟﺸﺒﻴﻜﺎت‬

‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻺﺣﺼﺎءات‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺮس اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮى‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎت‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫ا‪ -‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ واﻟﻐﺎز‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫ج‪ -‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪-1‬ﻣﺼﺎدر ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪-2‬ﻣﺼﺎدر ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أﻻﺳﻜﻮا‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻲ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻠﻲ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷردﻧﻲ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 2006‬وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺘﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2000‬‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪28‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪29‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪34‬‬ ‫آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪35‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬
‫‪40‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪6‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت واﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬

‫آﻴﻠﻮ واط‬ ‫ك‪ .‬و‬

‫آﻴﻠﻮ واط ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ك‪.‬و‪.‬س‬
‫ﺟﻴﺠﺎ واط ﺳﺎﻋﺔ = ﻣﻠﻴﻮن آﻴﻠﻮ واط ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‬
‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎ واط‬ ‫م‪.‬و‬
‫ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻳﻮﻣﻴًﺎ‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ن‪ .‬ي‬
‫ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‬ ‫ب‪ .‬م‪ .‬ن‬
‫ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻳﻮﻣﻴ ًﺎ‬ ‫ب‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪.‬ي‬
‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‬ ‫ط‪ .‬م‪ .‬ن‬
‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﻓﻮﻟﺖ أﻣﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫م‪.‬ف‪.‬أ‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ ﻓﻮﻟﺖ‬ ‫ك‪ .‬ف‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫آﻢ‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ ﻏﺮام‬ ‫آﻎ‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ ﻏﺮام ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‬ ‫آﻐﻢ م‪.‬ن‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ واط ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫آﻴﻠﻮ و‪.‬س‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‬

‫‪7‬‬
 ‫ﻓﻬﺮس اﻟﺠﺪاول‬

‫اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺠﺪول‬

‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )أﺳﻌﺎر‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬وﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات واﻟﺼﺎدرات واﻟﻤﻌﺎد ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫إﻧﺘﺎج اﻷردن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم )اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ(‪ ،‬واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )ﻣﻠﻴﺎر ﻗﺪم ﻣﻜﻌﺐ( وﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪15‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪16‬‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة )ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬

‫‪18‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮر إﻧﺘﺎج ﻣﺼﻔﺎة اﻟﺒﺘﺮول اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮر اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬

‫‪20‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻟﺪول اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )اﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬

‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻞ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺴﻮق ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )ﺑﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )اﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪-2000‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬ ‫‪.10‬‬

‫‪23‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.11‬‬

‫‪24‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ واﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪2006 ،(.‬‬ ‫‪.13‬‬

‫‪28‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﻮع )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2001‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬

‫‪29‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2001‬‬ ‫‪.15‬‬

‫‪30‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.16‬‬
‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪31‬‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت وﻧﺴﺐ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.18‬‬
‫‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ )م‪.‬واط( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.19‬‬

‫‪33‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ (.‬وﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻨﻬﺎ )ك‪.‬و‪.‬س‪(.‬‬ ‫‪.20‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )آﻐﻢ‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ (.‬واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء )ك‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ (.‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪-2000‬‬ ‫‪.21‬‬
‫‪2006‬‬
‫‪35‬‬ ‫آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ /.‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬ ‫‪.22‬‬

‫‪36‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ وﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر(‪ ،‬وﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪.23‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪-2000‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺎرة ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬ ‫‪.24‬‬

‫‪38‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد واﻟﻤﺤﺮوﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺎرة ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫‪.25‬‬
‫‪2005-2000‬‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء واﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ )اﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪.26‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪40‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2020-2007‬‬ ‫‪.27‬‬

‫‪41‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪-2008‬‬ ‫‪.28‬‬
‫‪2020‬‬

‫‪9‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘ ﻲ‪ :‬ه ﻮ ﺻ ﺨﺮ رﺳ ﻮﺑﻲ ﻣ ﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺒ ﺎت ﻧﺎﻋﻤ ﺔ ﺑﻨﻴ ﺔ داآﻨ ﺔ إﻟ ﻰ اﻟ ﺴﻮاد ﻻﻣﺘ ﺼﺎﺻﻪ اﻟﻤ ﻮاد‬
‫اﻟﺒﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ آﻤﻴﺔ آﺒﻴﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ) آﻴﺮوﺟﻴﻦ( واﻟﺬي ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫أو ﻏﺎز هﻴﺪروآﺮﺑﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ اﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ واﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‪ :‬هﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺿﺒﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻟﻜﺜﺮة اﻻﺳ ﺘﺨﺪام‪ ،‬وه ﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودة‪.‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻣﺘﺠ ﺪدة‪ :‬ه ﻲ ﻋﺒ ﺎرة ﻋ ﻦ ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴ ﺔ داﺋﻤ ﺔ وﻏﻴ ﺮ ﻧﺎﺿ ﺒﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﺘ ﻮﻓﺮة ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌ ﺔ وﻣﺘﺠ ﺪدة‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﻣﺎ داﻣﺖ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -4‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬هﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘ ﻲ ﻟ ﻢ ﻳ ﺴﺒﻖ أن ﺗ ﻢ إﺧ ﻀﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻷﻳ ﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ ﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﻴ ﺮ أو ﺗﺤﻮﻳ ﻞ ﻣﺜ ﻞ اﻟ ﻨﻔﻂ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ واﻟﻔﺤﻢ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -5‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ‪ :‬ه ﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣ ﺔ ﻟﻼﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬ ﺎﺋﻲ وﻟ ﻢ ﺗ ﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﻤ ﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﺑﻌ ﺪ ﻣﺜ ﻞ اﻟﻤ ﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ واﻟﻤﺨﺰﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت أو اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻬﺎ وﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -6‬اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪ :‬ه ﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﻗﺒ ﻞ اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻨﻬ ﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻜﺎﻓ ﺔ أﻏ ﺮاض اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ‬
‫)ﻣﺜﻞ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ -7‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬اﻷداة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ وإﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -8‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻠﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻷول إﻟ ﻰ ﺷ ﻜﻞ ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -9‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤ ﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ وهﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت هﻲ‪:‬اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﺠﺎري واﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺰراﻋﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪-10‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ‪ :‬ه ﻲ ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻟ ﺪة ﻧﺘﻴﺠ ﺔ اﻧﺘﻘ ﺎل اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧ ﺎت ﻣ ﻦ ﻃ ﺮف ﻣﻮﺻ ﻞ إﻟ ﻰ اﻟﻄ ﺮف‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜ ﻮن اﻟﺘﻴ ﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑ ﺎﺋﻲ ﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻜ ﺲ اﺗﺠ ﺎﻩ ﺣﺮآ ﺔ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧ ﺎت واﻟﻨ ﺎﺗﺞ ﻋ ﻦ وﺟ ﻮد ﻓ ﺮق ﻓ ﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -11‬آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج آﻢ ﻣﺤﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ اﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ إﻟ ﻰ اﻟﻨ ﺎﺗﺞ اﻻﻗﺘ ﺼﺎدي أو اﻟﻤ ﺎدي وه ﻲ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﻟ ﺼﻌﻴﺪ اﻟ ﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻧ ﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺤﻠ ﻲ اﻹﺟﻤ ﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴ ﺔ أو اﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ إﻟ ﻰ اﻟﻨ ﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠ ﻲ‬
‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ( أو اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺎدي ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج وﺣﺪة واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪10‬‬
 ‫وﺣﺪات اﻟﻘﻴﺎس وﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

‫آﻴﻠﻮوات ﺳﺎﻋﺔ )‪ 1000 = (KWh‬وات‬

‫= ‪ 610 × 3.6‬وات ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫= ‪ 610 × 3.6‬ﺟﻮل‬
‫= ‪ 3.6‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎ ﺟﻮل‬
‫= اﻟﺠﻮل‬ ‫وات ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬

‫إن اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ هﻲ اﻟﻜﺎﻟﻮري أو اﻟﺴﻌﺮ اﻟﺤﺮاري‬
‫اﻟﻜﺎﻟﻮري )اﻟﺴﻌﺮ اﻟﺤﺮاري(‪ :‬ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣ ﺔ ﻟﺮﻓ ﻊ درﺟ ﺔ ﺣ ﺮارة‬
‫ﻏﺮام واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎء درﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ واﺣﺪة‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﺎﻟﻮري = ‪ 4.1868‬ﺟﻮل‬

‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ واﻟﻐﺎز‬

‫ﺗﻘ ﺎس آﻤﻴ ﺎت اﻟ ﻨﻔﻂ وﻣ ﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﻮﺣ ﺪات اﻟﻜﺘﻠ ﺔ )اﻟﻄ ﻦ(‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺤﺠ ﻢ آ ﺎﻟﻤﺘﺮ اﻟﻤﻜﻌ ﺐ أو اﻟﺒﺮﻣﻴ ﻞ‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﻌﺎدل‬
‫اﻟﻄﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺮي = ‪ 1000‬آﻴﻠﻮ ﻏﺮام‬
‫= ‪ 7‬ﺑﺮاﻣﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺮ اﻟﻤﻜﻌﺐ = ‪ 1000‬ﻟﺘﺮ‬
‫= ‪ 6.29‬ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻧﻔﻂ‬
‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔ ﻂ )‪ :TOE (Ton Oil Equivalent‬آﻤﻴ ﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﺣ ﺮق‬
‫ﻃﻦ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ = ‪ 10‬ﺟﻴﺠﺎ آﺎﻟﻮرى‬

‫= ‪ 41.9‬ﺟﻴﺠﺎ ﺟﻮل‬
‫= ‪ 1.43‬ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻓﺤﻢ‬
‫= ‪ 11.63‬ﻣﻴﺠﺎوات ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫= ‪ 7‬ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‬
‫= ‪ 39.68‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن وﺣﺪة ﺣﺮارﻳﺔ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪Btu‬‬

‫‪11‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ هﻲ اﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻘﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺤﻀﺮة وﺗﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻴﻬﺎ آﺎﻓﺔ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬
‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ ووﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ واﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻏﺮاض اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة‪ .‬إن آﻞ ﺣﺮآﺔ ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻬﺎ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺗﺤﺘﺎج اﻟﻰ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻧﺠﺎز ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻤﻮس‪ .‬وﺗﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺪة أﻧﻮاع آﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺮﻳﺎح‪ ،‬وﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻤﺎء وﻣﺴﺎﻗﻄﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺨﺰوﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎدة ﻣﺎ آﺎﻟﻮﻗﻮد ﻣﺜﻼ )اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﺤﻢ‪ ،‬واﻟﻐﺎز(‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻊ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ اآﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﻨﺤﺎس واﻟﺒﺮوﻧﺰ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ )‪ (5000‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻴﻼد‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎن اﻟﺨﺸﺐ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ آﻤﺼﺪر رﺋﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬وﺑﻌﺪهﺎ ﺗﻄﻮرت ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺮي وﻃﺤﻦ اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ دﺧﻠﺖ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﺄﺣﺪ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺧﻼل اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻷول ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻔﺤﻢ اﻟﺤﺠﺮي ﻓﻘﺪ زاد‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﺗﺪرﻳﺠﻴﺎ اﺑﺘﺪاءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺼﻮر اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺻﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺑﺘﺪاء‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﺧﺘﺮاع اﻟﻤﺤﺮك اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮﻧﻴﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﺪأ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ آﺄﺣﺪ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اآﺘﺸﺎﻓﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻴﻼدﻟﻔﻴﺎ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،1865‬ﺛﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎآﻮ ‪،1890‬‬
‫وﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮوزﻧﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،1900‬وﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ آﻤﺼﺪر رﺋﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ إﻻ ﺧﻼل‬
‫اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﺮﻩ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت آﺒﻴﺮة وأﺳﻌﺎر زهﻴﺪة‪.‬‬
‫إن اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ آﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺪودة وﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻮن ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻔﻨﻰ وﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺤﺪث وﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﺤﻮل‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺮﻳﺎح إﻟﻰ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ آﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬وإذا آﺎﻧﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻬﺬا ﻳﻌﻨﻲ إن ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﻓﻘﺪﻩ إذ ﺗﺤﻮل إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ‪.‬‬

‫أﺷﻜﺎل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪة أﺷﻜﺎل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﺤﺼﻮرة ﻓﻲ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت رﺋﻴﺴﺔ هﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﺤﺮآﻴ ﺔ )‪ :(Kinetic Energy‬ه ﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﺘ ﻲ ﺗﻨ ﺘﺞ ﻋ ﻦ ﺣﺮآ ﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﺌ ﺎت اﻟﻌ ﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻨﺔ )‪ :(Potential Energy‬هﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺬوﻟﺔ واﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻣﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )‪ :(Electrical Energy‬ه ﻲ اﺣ ﺪ أﻧ ﻮاع اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟ ﻮدة ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌ ﺔ وﻳﻤﻜ ﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪة ﻃﺮق ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﺼﻮاﻋﻖ أو اﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎك‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪهﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋ ﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻄﺎرﻳﺎت أو ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮآﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ آﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ )‪ :(Nuclear Energy‬هﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻮاة وﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺬرﻳ ﺔ‬
‫أو اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻷﻏﺮاض ﺳﻠﻤﻴﺔ او ﻏﻴﺮ ﺳﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻌﺐ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ دورا ﻣﺤﻮرﻳﺎ وهﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ آﺎﻓﺔ ﺧﻄﻂ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺒﺬﻟﻪ اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻧﺸﻄﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ﺟﺰءا آﺒﻴﺮا ﻣﻦ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت واﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎت ﻻ ﺗﻠﺒﻲ‬

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‫اﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ واﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺿﻮء اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫أﻧﻮاع إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﺼﺎدرهﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫إﺣ ﺼﺎءات اﻹﻧﺘ ﺎج‪ :‬وه ﻲ اﻹﺣ ﺼﺎءات اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘ ﺔ ﺑﺈﻧﺘ ﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠ ﻒ أﻧﻮاﻋﻬ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﺧ ﻼل‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻬﻼك‪.‬‬
‫إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ هﺬﻩ اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات إﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬

‫• اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳ ﻞ واﻟﺘ ﻲ ﻳ ﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻬ ﺎ اﺳ ﺘﺨﺪام ﻧ ﻮع ﻣ ﻦ أﻧ ﻮاع اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻹﻧﺘ ﺎج‬
‫ﻧﻮع أو ﺷﻜﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫• اﻻﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬ ﺎﺋﻲ ﻣ ﻦ ﻗﺒ ﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋ ﺎت اﻻﻗﺘ ﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔ ﺔ واﻟﺘ ﻲ ﺗ ﺘﻢ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﻧ ﻮاﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻓﻲ واﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ واﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪.‬‬
‫• اﻻﺳ ﺘﻬﻼك ﺑ ﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﻔﻘ ﺪ وه ﻮ اﻟﻬ ﺪر اﻟ ﺬي ﻳ ﺘﻢ ﻣ ﻦ ﺧ ﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﻴ ﺎت اﻟﻨﻘ ﻞ واﻟﺘﻮزﻳ ﻊ ﻟﻠ ﻨﻔﻂ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ أو أي ﻧﻮع ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻴ ﺎت‪ :‬هﻲ اﻻﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺤﺠﻢ اﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻴﺎت اﻟﺪوﻟ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔ ﺔ ﻣ ﻦ ﺣﻴ ﺚ اﻟ ﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨ ﺎم أو اﻟﻔﺤ ﻢ أو اﻟﻐ ﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌ ﻲ وه ﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات ﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﺎذج ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﺒﺆ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬

‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ آﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺮاﻓﻖ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة‪ ،‬وﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺔ هﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر هﻲ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻻﺣﻔﻮري أو اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻧﻲ )ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ واﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻔﺤﻢ اﻟﺤﺠﺮي(‪.‬‬

‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ اﻷردن ﺑﺸﻜﻞ آﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %95‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‪ .‬وﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺮوﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﻋﺒﺌﺎ آﺒﻴﺮا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻷردﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ أن اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﻤﻀﻄﺮد ﻓﻲ‬
‫أﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ زﻳﺎدة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﺗﻮرة اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻌﺐء ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻮازﻧﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺪم ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2004‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ 262.4‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر ﻟﺘﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 530.9‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر )ﺑﻠﻐﺖ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﺪﻋﻢ‬
‫‪ .(%202.3‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 214.04‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر ﺑﺎﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ‬
‫‪ %59.7‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻟﺮﻓﻊ اﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﺎهﺰة ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ أﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪ 2008‬وهﻮ اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺬي ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﺮة‬
‫اﻻﻣﺘﻴﺎز اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺷﺮآﺔ ﻣﺼﻔﺎة اﻟﺒﺘﺮول اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
‫وﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺠﺪول ‪ 1‬اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﻤﻀﻄﺮدة ﻓﻲ آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات واﻟﺼﺎدرات واﻟﻤﻌﺎد ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .1‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )أﺳﻌﺎر ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات‬
‫واﻟﺼﺎدرات واﻟﻤﻌﺎد ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪) 2006-2000‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر(‬
‫& ‪Table 1. Value of Crude oil & Oil products, GDP (current prices), Imports, Exports‬‬
‫‪Re-exports (million JD), 2000-2006‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت إﻟﻰ ‪%‬‬
‫‪Ratio of value of Crude Oil & Oil‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬
‫اﻟﺼﺎدرات‬
‫‪Products to %‬‬ ‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫واﻟﻤﻌﺎد‬
‫اﻟﺼﺎدرات‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات‬ ‫‪GDP‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻌﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪Imports‬‬ ‫‪Crude Oil‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات‬ ‫& ‪Exports‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬ ‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪& Oil‬‬
‫‪Imports‬‬ ‫‪Re-export‬‬
‫& ‪Exports‬‬ ‫‪GDP‬‬ ‫‪Products‬‬
‫‪Re-export‬‬
‫‪37.7‬‬ ‫‪15.6‬‬ ‫‪8.5‬‬ ‫‪1346.6‬‬ ‫‪3259.4‬‬ ‫‪5999‬‬ ‫‪507.7‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪30.4‬‬ ‫‪14.3‬‬ ‫‪7.8‬‬ ‫‪1626.7‬‬ ‫‪3453.7‬‬ ‫‪6364‬‬ ‫‪494.3‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪27.5‬‬ ‫‪15.0‬‬ ‫‪7.9‬‬ ‫‪1963.9‬‬ ‫‪3599.2‬‬ ‫‪6794‬‬ ‫‪539.2‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪30.9‬‬ ‫‪16.2‬‬ ‫‪9.1‬‬ ‫‪2136.7‬‬ ‫‪4072.0‬‬ ‫‪7229‬‬ ‫‪660.3‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪39.2‬‬ ‫‪18.6‬‬ ‫‪13.4‬‬ ‫‪2753.0‬‬ ‫‪5799.2‬‬ ‫‪8081‬‬ ‫‪1080.9‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪54.6‬‬ ‫‪22.4‬‬ ‫‪18.5‬‬ ‫‪3049.5‬‬ ‫‪7442.9‬‬ ‫‪9012‬‬ ‫‪1664.9‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪52.9‬‬ ‫‪23.2‬‬ ‫‪18.8‬‬ ‫‪3689.9‬‬ ‫‪8187.7‬‬ ‫‪10108‬‬ ‫‪1900.5‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪/‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﺗﻮرة اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ‪ %8.5‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم‬
‫‪ 2000‬ﻟﺘﺼﻞ إﻟﻰ ‪ %18.8‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪.2006‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ واﻟﻐﺎز‪ :‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻷردن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪول ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ أن ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺘﺠﻪ اﻷردن ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻂ ﺧﺎم وﻏﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪول اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ اﻷردن ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺘﺮول ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ‬
‫اآﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻋﺎم ‪ 1985‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ ﺣﻤﺰة وﺑﻤﻌﺪل ‪ 600‬ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﺪأت ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﻢ اآﺘﺸﺎف اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 1989‬ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺔ إﻧﺘﺎج‬
‫ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﺪر ﺑﺤﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﻗﺪم ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺮﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 27‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﻗﺪم ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم‬
‫‪ .1994‬وﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﻌﺪل اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻴﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﺪﻟﻪ ‪ 24.4 ،23.3 ،28.5‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﻗﺪم‬
‫ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪.2006 -2004‬‬
‫وﻳﺴﺎهﻢ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ -‬وﻣﺎ ﻳﺰال‪ -‬ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي هﺬا اﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻔﺾ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﺗﻮرة اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﺬي ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﺧﻔﺾ ﻋﺠﺰ اﻟﻤﻮازﻧﺔ ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ دﻋﻢ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ .‬وﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﺎز اﻟﻤﻴﺜﺎن اﻟﺬي ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %91‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ آﺮﺑﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺪوآﺴﺎن‬
‫واﻟﻨﻴﺘﺮوﺟﻴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %8.3‬و‪ %0.5‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﻟﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻓﻬﻤﺎ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺒﺮوﺑﺎن واﻹﻳﺜﺎن‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .2‬إﻧﺘﺎج اﻷردن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم )‪ 000‬ﻃﻦ( واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )ﻣﻠﻴﺎر ﻗﺪم ﻣﻜﻌﺐ(‬
‫وﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 2. Jordan Production of Crude Oil (000 ton) and Natural Gas‬‬
‫‪(billion CF), 2000-2006‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ‪%‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Natural‬‬
‫‪Contribution to overall‬‬ ‫‪Crude Oil‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪Gas‬‬
‫‪Energy Consumption‬‬
‫‪%‬‬
‫‪4.2‬‬ ‫‪10.2‬‬ ‫‪1.8‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪3.7‬‬ ‫‪9.8‬‬ ‫‪1.6‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪3.6‬‬ ‫‪9.0‬‬ ‫‪1.5‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪3.7‬‬ ‫‪10.2‬‬ ‫‪1.4‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪4.0‬‬ ‫‪10.4‬‬ ‫‪1.2‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪3.7‬‬ ‫‪8.5‬‬ ‫‪1.1‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪3.8‬‬ ‫‪8.9‬‬ ‫‪1.2‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪.2006‬‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ‪ :‬هﻮ ﺻﺨﺮ رﺳﻮﺑﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎت ﻧﺎﻋﻤﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ داآﻨﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺴﻮاد ﻻﻣﺘﺼﺎﺻﻪ اﻟﻤﻮاد‬
‫اﻟﺒﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ آﻤﻴﺔ آﺒﻴﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ )آﻴﺮوﺟﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬واﻟﺬي ﻳﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ أو ﻏﺎز هﻴﺪروآﺮﺑﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ اﻟﺘﺴﺨﻴﻦ واﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮ‪ .‬إن اﻟﻜﻴﺮوﺟﻴﻦ أو ﻣﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﺰﻳﺖ‬
‫)ﺑﺎﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻲ( واﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺰﻳﺖ اﻟﺼﺨﺮي‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﻪ إﻟﻰ زﻳﺖ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﺼﺨﺮ إﻟﻰ درﺟﺔ ﺗﺼﻞ إﻟﻰ ‪ 500‬ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﻐﻴﺎب اﻟﻬﻮاء وﺑﻌﺪهﺎ ﻳﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﻴﺮوﺟﻴﻦ إﻟﻰ‬
‫زﻳﺖ‪ .‬وﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ إﻧﺘﺎج ﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ‪ 40‬ﻟﺘﺮ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻃﻦ زﻳﺘﻲ ﻣﺠﺪﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫أن ﻳﺼﻞ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج ﻓﻲ اﻷردن ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺪة ‪ 180-150‬ﻟﺘﺮ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺨﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ‪ .‬وﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت آﺒﻴﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ وﺑﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺟﻴﺪة‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﺪر اﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻴﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺑﺤﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 40‬ﻣﻠﻴﺎر ﻃﻦ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻠﻴﺎرات ﻃﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺘﺮول ﻣﻮزﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 24‬ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‪ .‬وﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﻮدة‪ ،‬وﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ اﺳﺘﻐﻼﻟﻪ ﺳﻮاء ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮق اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬أو‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺒﺘﺮول واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء وﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻜﺒﺮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬اﻷﻟﻤﻨﻴﻮم‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﻔﺎت‬
‫اﻻﻣﻮﻧﻴﻮم‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﺎت واﻟﻴﻮراﻧﻴﻮم‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﺪرﻳﻦ رﺋﻴﺴﻴﻴﻦ هﻤﺎ‪:‬‬
‫• ﻣﺼﺎدر ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‪ :‬وهﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻨﺎﺿﺒﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮور اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻟﻜﺜﺮة اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام‪،‬‬
‫وهﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودة وﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪ .‬وﺗﺸﻜﻞ هﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %86‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎم‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ ،%7.6‬وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ اﻟﻜﻬﺮوﻣﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ ،%6.7‬وأﺧﻴﺮا ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة وﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ‪ %0.8‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻣﺼﺎدر ﻣﺘﺠﺪدة‪ :‬وهﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﻤﺔ وﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺎﺿﺒﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬
‫وﻣﺘﺠﺪدة ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﻣﺎ داﻣﺖ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪15‬‬
 ‫أ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻴﺴﺮة‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ .‬ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ وﻻ ﺗﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ إﺻﺪار ﻏﺎزات ﻣﻀﺮة ﺑﻄﺒﻘﺔ اﻷوزون‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪول اﻟﻨﺎﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻻ ﻣﺮآﺰﻳﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫إن ﻣﻦ أهﻢ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺮﻳﺎح‪،‬‬
‫واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ وﻣﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ أآﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة واﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‪،‬‬
‫وأﻗﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻲ ‪4385‬‬
‫ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ ،%83.5‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ آﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪95‬‬
‫ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ .%1.8‬وﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫واﻟﻨﻈﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬إذ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮوﻣﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %17‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻞ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .3‬اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة واﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة )ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 3. Local Production of New & Renewable Energy (toe), 2000-2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪Bio‬‬ ‫‪Solar‬‬ ‫‪Wind‬‬ ‫‪Water‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪3934‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪3353‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪4450‬‬ ‫‪430‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪3697‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪5310‬‬ ‫‪430‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪4557‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪4364‬‬ ‫‪516‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪3525‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪5396‬‬ ‫‪516‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪4557‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪5656‬‬ ‫‪430‬‬ ‫‪67‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪4901‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪5254‬‬ ‫‪516‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪4385‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬
‫‪toe =ton oil equivalent‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ ﻟﻌ ﺎم ‪2006‬‬

‫‪10%‬‬
‫‪2%‬‬
‫‪5%‬‬

‫‪83%‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ‬

‫إن اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﻤﻀﻄﺮدة ﻓﻲ آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﺗﻌﻜﺲ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد ‪ 4776‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪2006‬‬
‫إﻟـﻰ ‪ 5190‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘـﺮي ﺑﺰﻳـﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ .%8.5‬أﻣﺎ آﻤـﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻔـﻂ اﻟﺨـﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﻓﻘـﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬

‫‪16‬‬
‫‪ 3778‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ إﻟﻰ ‪ 4433‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة‬
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪.%17.3‬‬

‫وﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬ﺣﺴﺐ إﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ‪ 373.1‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر أردﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 1435.2‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن‬
‫دﻳﻨﺎر أردﻧﻲ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ .%384.7‬وهﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﻋﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة )‪ ،(%17.3‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻌﺮ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم إﻟﻰ أﺳﻌﺎر ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻋﻤﺎ‬
‫آﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺰﻳﻨﺔ أﻋﺒﺎء ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ أآﺒﺮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺪم ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .4‬اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ )أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 4. Quantities of Imported Crude Oil and Oil Products (000mt), 2000-2006‬‬
‫آﺎز‬
‫وﻗﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪Kero-‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬
‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮات‬ ‫‪Gaso-‬‬ ‫‪Liquefie‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪Year/‬‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪sene‬‬ ‫‪Diesel‬‬ ‫‪Fuel Oil‬‬ ‫‪Crude Oil‬‬
‫‪Jet Fuel‬‬ ‫‪line‬‬ ‫‪d Gas‬‬
‫‪4776‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪239‬‬ ‫‪133‬‬ ‫‪626‬‬ ‫‪3778‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪4842‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪182‬‬ ‫‪138‬‬ ‫‪647‬‬ ‫‪3875‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪5121‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪230‬‬ ‫‪155‬‬ ‫‪785‬‬ ‫‪3926‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪5102‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪292‬‬ ‫‪171‬‬ ‫‪570‬‬ ‫‪4023‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪5203‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪135‬‬ ‫‪543‬‬ ‫‪179‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪4244‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪5679‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪93‬‬ ‫‪785‬‬ ‫‪178‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪4602‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪5190‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪509‬‬ ‫‪182‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪4433‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬
‫‪mt =metric ton‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪5000‬‬

‫‪4000‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‬

‫‪3000‬‬

‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬ ‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬ ‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫آﺎز‬ ‫وﻗﻮد ﻃﺎﺋﺮات‬

‫‪17‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺑﺪأ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 1961‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪ 181‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‪،‬‬
‫وارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪ 3578‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ 3397‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ زﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫‪ .%1976.8‬أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻓﻘﺪ آﺎن اﻹﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 4014‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 436‬أﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪.2000‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻨﺸﺎط ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺮرة‬
‫‪ 109.43‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪ 123.83‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ .%13.1‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻸﺳﻌﺎر ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 101.78‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬وارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪ 247.33‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫‪ .%243‬وﻳﻼﺣﻆ أن اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ آﻤﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ‪ 2000‬و‪ 2006‬ﺗﻜﺎد ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺎوﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻣﻊ اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻌﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ أﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻌﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .5‬ﺗﻄﻮر إﻧﺘﺎج ﻣﺼﻔﺎة اﻟﺒﺘﺮول اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ )أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 5. Progress of the Jordan Petroleum Refinery of Oil Products (000 metric tons),‬‬
‫‪2000-2006‬‬
‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫أﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬ ‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫آﺎز‬ ‫أﻓﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Liquefied‬‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪Asphalt‬‬ ‫‪Fuel Oil‬‬ ‫‪Diesel‬‬ ‫‪Kerosene‬‬ ‫‪Avtur‬‬ ‫‪Gasoline‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪Gas‬‬
‫‪3578‬‬ ‫‪114‬‬ ‫‪1341‬‬ ‫‪893‬‬ ‫‪258‬‬ ‫‪246‬‬ ‫‪581‬‬ ‫‪145‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪3594‬‬ ‫‪135‬‬ ‫‪1286‬‬ ‫‪999‬‬ ‫‪181‬‬ ‫‪214‬‬ ‫‪641‬‬ ‫‪138‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪3638‬‬ ‫‪176‬‬ ‫‪1188‬‬ ‫‪1091‬‬ ‫‪208‬‬ ‫‪208‬‬ ‫‪631‬‬ ‫‪136‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪3695‬‬ ‫‪198‬‬ ‫‪1165‬‬ ‫‪1150‬‬ ‫‪192‬‬ ‫‪266‬‬ ‫‪596‬‬ ‫‪128‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪3944‬‬ ‫‪212‬‬ ‫‪1402‬‬ ‫‪1187‬‬ ‫‪162‬‬ ‫‪291‬‬ ‫‪579‬‬ ‫‪111‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪4210‬‬ ‫‪193‬‬ ‫‪1388‬‬ ‫‪1323‬‬ ‫‪249‬‬ ‫‪326‬‬ ‫‪613‬‬ ‫‪118‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪4014‬‬ ‫‪167‬‬ ‫‪1318‬‬ ‫‪1324‬‬ ‫‪131‬‬ ‫‪301‬‬ ‫‪648‬‬ ‫‪125‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﻮر اﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪1600‬‬
‫‪1400‬‬
‫‪1200‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‬

‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪800‬‬
‫‪600‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫‪200‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻓﺘﻮر‬ ‫آﺎز‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫زﻳﺖ وﻗﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬

‫‪18‬‬
‫إن ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻌﺮ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎ أدى إﻟﻰ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻌﺮ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫واﻟﺬي ﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺧﻔﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﺪأ أﺳﻌﺎر ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻻرﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎم‬
‫‪ 2005‬وأﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬وﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ أدى إﻟﻰ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺪ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 1961‬ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 237‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 4635‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ 4398‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة‬
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ ،%1955.7‬ﺛﻢ إﻟﻰ ‪ 5081‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2005‬وﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ اﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ إﻟﻰ ‪ 4842‬أﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺎﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ .%4.7‬وﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺪول ‪ 6‬اﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2003‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ‪ 1967‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‪.‬‬
‫واﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ إﻟﻰ ‪ 1333‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ %32.2‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻹﺣﻼل‬
‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ .‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻼﺣﻆ أﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﺮاﺟﻊ آﻤﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ زﻳﺎدة آﻤﻴﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻮل ﻓﻲ أﻧﻤﺎط اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﻴﻦ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﻴﻦ ﻟﻨﺸﺎط ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺮرة ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 2000‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ ،101.78‬ﻟﻴﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬إﻟﻰ ‪ ،166.26‬وواﺻﻞ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ إﻟﻰ ‪ 247.33‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪.%48.8‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .6‬ﺗﻄﻮر اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ )أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006 -2000‬‬
‫‪Table 6. Progress of the Oil Products Consumption (000mt),‬‬
‫‪2000-2006‬‬
‫آﺎز‬ ‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫أﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬ ‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫أﻓﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Kero-‬‬ ‫‪Liquefied‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪Year/‬‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪Asphalt‬‬ ‫‪Fuel Oil‬‬ ‫‪Diesel‬‬ ‫‪Avtur‬‬ ‫‪Gasoline‬‬
‫‪sene‬‬ ‫‪Gas‬‬
‫‪4635‬‬ ‫‪112‬‬ ‫‪1957‬‬ ‫‪1202‬‬ ‫‪242‬‬ ‫‪243‬‬ ‫‪596‬‬ ‫‪283‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪4686‬‬ ‫‪135‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪1274‬‬ ‫‪185‬‬ ‫‪175‬‬ ‫‪640‬‬ ‫‪276‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪5024‬‬ ‫‪175‬‬ ‫‪2133‬‬ ‫‪1417‬‬ ‫‪174‬‬ ‫‪178‬‬ ‫‪655‬‬ ‫‪292‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪5014‬‬ ‫‪204‬‬ ‫‪1967‬‬ ‫‪1439‬‬ ‫‪214‬‬ ‫‪215‬‬ ‫‪668‬‬ ‫‪298‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪4891‬‬ ‫‪210‬‬ ‫‪1509‬‬ ‫‪1769‬‬ ‫‪215‬‬ ‫‪228‬‬ ‫‪670‬‬ ‫‪290‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪5081‬‬ ‫‪190‬‬ ‫‪1395‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪181‬‬ ‫‪314‬‬ ‫‪697‬‬ ‫‪299‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪4842‬‬ ‫‪168‬‬ ‫‪1333‬‬ ‫‪1837‬‬ ‫‪150‬‬ ‫‪300‬‬ ‫‪741‬‬ ‫‪313‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫‪19‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻄﻮر اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪2500‬‬

‫‪2000‬‬

‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﺘﺮي‬
‫‪1500‬‬

‫‪1000‬‬

‫‪500‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫ﻏﺎز ﻣﺴﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻓﺘﻮر‬ ‫آﺎز‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻻر‬ ‫زﻳﺖ وﻗﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬

‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻹﺳﻜﻮا‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻷردن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪول اﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ )اﻹﺳﻜﻮا(‪،‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرآﻴﻦ ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬا آﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮوري اﻟﺘﻌﺮف‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪول اﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ آﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺰودﻳﻦ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﻴﻦ ﻹﻣﺪادات‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪ /‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‪ :‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻟﺪول اﻹاﺳﻜﻮا ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %83.3‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻴﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ ،%16.1‬وﺗﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮوﻣﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ %0.6‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .7‬آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻟﺪول اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )أﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 7. Quantities of Crude Oil Produced in the ESCWA Region (000 barrels per day),‬‬
‫‪2000-2005‬‬
‫‪Country‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Bahrain‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪102‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Egypt‬‬ ‫‪656‬‬ ‫‪691‬‬ ‫‪604‬‬ ‫‪604‬‬ ‫‪647‬‬ ‫‪810‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫‪Iraq‬‬ ‫‪1830‬‬ ‫‪2070‬‬ ‫‪1328‬‬ ‫‪2227‬‬ ‫‪2600‬‬ ‫‪2355‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Jordan‬‬ ‫‪0.021‬‬ ‫‪0.023‬‬ ‫‪0.027‬‬ ‫‪0.029‬‬ ‫‪0.031‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫اﻷردن‬
‫‪Kuwait‬‬ ‫‪2504‬‬ ‫‪2295‬‬ ‫‪2108‬‬ ‫‪1746‬‬ ‫‪1947‬‬ ‫‪1996‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪Oman‬‬ ‫‪765‬‬ ‫‪780‬‬ ‫‪819‬‬ ‫‪897‬‬ ‫‪956‬‬ ‫‪955‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Palestine‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺴﻄﻴﻦ‬
‫‪Qatar‬‬ ‫‪795‬‬ ‫‪782‬‬ ‫‪676‬‬ ‫‪644‬‬ ‫‪672‬‬ ‫‪688‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪Saudi‬‬ ‫‪9390‬‬ ‫‪9049‬‬ ‫‪8410‬‬ ‫‪7509‬‬ ‫‪7889‬‬ ‫‪8095‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Arabia‬‬
‫‪Syria‬‬ ‫‪450‬‬ ‫‪504‬‬ ‫‪528‬‬ ‫‪508‬‬ ‫‪518‬‬ ‫‪547‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮرﻳﺎ‬
‫‪U.A.Eirates‬‬ ‫‪2447‬‬ ‫‪2344‬‬ ‫‪2248‬‬ ‫‪1995‬‬ ‫‪2163‬‬ ‫‪2175‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎرات‬
‫‪Yemen‬‬ ‫‪400‬‬ ‫‪403‬‬ ‫‪431‬‬ ‫‪435‬‬ ‫‪436‬‬ ‫‪444‬‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪19274‬‬ ‫‪18955‬‬ ‫‪17190‬‬ ‫‪16603‬‬ ‫‪17865‬‬ ‫‪18167‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪26‬‬

‫‪20‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺳﺎهﻤﺖ دول اﻹاﺳﻜﻮا ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺈﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 19274‬أﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪%26.7‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﺣﺘﻠﺖ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ %48.7‬ﻣﻦ إﻧﺘﺎج دول‬
‫اﻻﺳﻜﻮا وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %13.0‬ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ دوﻟﺔ اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ اﺣﺘﻠﺖ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ %13.0‬ﻣﻦ إﻧﺘﺎج دول اﻻﺳﻜﻮا وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %3.5‬ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أهﻢ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ وﻳﻠﻌﺐ دورا‬
‫ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺒﺪﻳﻞ اﻷﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﺰﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﻠﺔ إﺿﺮارﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻧﺨﻔﺎض أﺳﻌﺎرﻩ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫وﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ أآﺜﺮ اﻟﺪول اﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻜﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺴﻮق ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺴﻮق ‪ 69.5‬ﺑﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %28.1‬ﻣﻦ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺪول اﻷﻋﻀﺎء‪ .‬أﻣﺎ دوﻟﺔ اﻹﻣﺎرات اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ اﺣﺘﻠﺖ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫‪ %18.8‬ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ دوﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﺮ )‪ ،(%17.6‬أﻣﺎ أﻗﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ آﺎن اﻷردن ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪.%0.10‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .8‬ﻣﺠﻤﻞ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺴﻮق ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )ﺑﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2001‬‬
‫‪Table 8. The Marketed Natural Gas Production (billion cubic meters) in the ESCWA‬‬
‫‪Region, 2001-2005‬‬
‫‪Country‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Bahrain‬‬ ‫‪9.90‬‬ ‫‪9.80‬‬ ‫‪9.62‬‬ ‫‪9.50‬‬ ‫‪9.10‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Egypt‬‬ ‫‪34.70‬‬ ‫‪32.40‬‬ ‫‪27.76‬‬ ‫‪22.70‬‬ ‫‪21.50‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫‪Iraq‬‬ ‫‪10.40‬‬ ‫‪10.40‬‬ ‫‪10.40‬‬ ‫‪10.32‬‬ ‫‪11.04‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Jordan‬‬ ‫‪0.24‬‬ ‫‪0.29‬‬ ‫‪0.29‬‬ ‫‪0.25‬‬ ‫‪0.30‬‬ ‫اﻷردن‬
‫‪Kuwait‬‬ ‫‪9.70‬‬ ‫‪9.70‬‬ ‫‪9.10‬‬ ‫‪8.00‬‬ ‫‪8.50‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪Oman‬‬ ‫‪17.50‬‬ ‫‪17.60‬‬ ‫‪16.50‬‬ ‫‪15.90‬‬ ‫‪15.90‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Qatar‬‬ ‫‪43.50‬‬ ‫‪39.20‬‬ ‫‪31.40‬‬ ‫‪29.30‬‬ ‫‪27.90‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪Saudi‬‬ ‫‪69.50‬‬ ‫‪65.70‬‬ ‫‪61.00‬‬ ‫‪56.70‬‬ ‫‪53.70‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Arabia‬‬
‫‪Syria‬‬ ‫‪5.40‬‬ ‫‪5.20‬‬ ‫‪5.20‬‬ ‫‪5.50‬‬ ‫‪5.84‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮرﻳﺎ‬
‫‪U.A.E‬‬ ‫‪46.60‬‬ ‫‪45.80‬‬ ‫‪44.80‬‬ ‫‪43.40‬‬ ‫‪44.90‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎرات‬
‫‪Yemen‬‬ ‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪0.73‬‬ ‫‪0.69‬‬ ‫‪0.66‬‬ ‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪247.44‬‬ ‫‪236.82‬‬ ‫‪216.76‬‬ ‫‪202.23‬‬ ‫‪198.68‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪26‬‬

‫أﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ دول اﻹﺳﻜﻮا ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 4419‬أﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2005‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ اﻷآﺒﺮ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ %42.8‬ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪول اﻷﻋﻀﺎء‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ اﺣﺘﻠﺖ دوﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ اﻷﺧﻴﺮة ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ ،%0.75‬أﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﻷردن ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪.%2.4‬‬

‫‪21‬‬
 ‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .9‬اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪) 2005-2002‬أﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ(‬
‫‪Table 9. Consumption of Oil Products in the ESCWA Region, 2002-2005‬‬
‫)‪(000 barrels per day‬‬
‫‪Country‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Bahrain‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Egypt‬‬ ‫‪616‬‬ ‫‪566‬‬ ‫‪550‬‬ ‫‪534‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫‪Iraq‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬ ‫‪565‬‬ ‫‪466‬‬ ‫‪529‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Jordan‬‬ ‫‪107‬‬ ‫‪94‬‬ ‫‪97‬‬ ‫‪97‬‬ ‫اﻷردن‬
‫‪Kuwait‬‬ ‫‪280‬‬ ‫‪230‬‬ ‫‪203‬‬ ‫‪146‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪Lebanon‬‬ ‫‪**121‬‬ ‫‪118‬‬ ‫‪115‬‬ ‫‪113‬‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎن‬
‫‪Oman‬‬ ‫‪**50‬‬ ‫‪48‬‬ ‫‪46‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Qatar‬‬ ‫‪98‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪Saudi Arabia‬‬ ‫‪1891‬‬ ‫‪1187‬‬ ‫‪1140‬‬ ‫‪1053‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Syria‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬ ‫‪236‬‬ ‫‪286‬‬ ‫‪277‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮرﻳﺎ‬
‫‪U.A.E‬‬ ‫‪376‬‬ ‫‪265‬‬ ‫‪259‬‬ ‫‪237‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎرات‬
‫‪Yemen‬‬ ‫‪97‬‬ ‫‪86‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪4419‬‬ ‫‪3507‬‬ ‫‪3326‬‬ ‫‪3193‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪26‬‬
‫**اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاد ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻀﺎرة ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ وذو آﻠﻔﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻨﺎﻣﻰ اﺳﺘﻬﻼآﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ دول ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻹﺳﻜﻮا‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻟﺬات ﻓﻲ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﻮق واﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2001‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ 178847‬أﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‪ ،‬ارﺗﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 222696‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪.%24.5‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .10‬آﻤﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )أﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 10. Quantities of Natural Gas Consumption in the ESCWA Region (000 toe),‬‬
‫‪2000-2005‬‬
‫‪Country‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Bahrain‬‬ ‫‪8910‬‬ ‫‪8820‬‬ ‫‪8658‬‬ ‫‪8550‬‬ ‫‪8250‬‬ ‫‪7950‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Egypt‬‬ ‫‪23000‬‬ ‫‪23100‬‬ ‫‪23317‬‬ ‫‪20400‬‬ ‫‪19300‬‬ ‫‪16500‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫‪Iraq‬‬ ‫‪4139‬‬ ‫‪9121‬‬ ‫‪9360‬‬ ‫‪9121‬‬ ‫‪6000‬‬ ‫‪5950‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Jordan‬‬ ‫‪1384‬‬ ‫‪1196‬‬ ‫‪431‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬ ‫‪250‬‬ ‫‪200‬‬ ‫اﻷردن‬
‫‪Kuwait‬‬ ‫‪8700‬‬ ‫‪8700‬‬ ‫‪8200‬‬ ‫‪7200‬‬ ‫‪8600‬‬ ‫‪8600‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪Oman‬‬ ‫‪3773‬‬ ‫‪3805‬‬ ‫‪3567‬‬ ‫‪3550‬‬ ‫‪2900‬‬ ‫‪2800‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Qatar‬‬ ‫‪14300‬‬ ‫‪9823‬‬ ‫‪9214‬‬ ‫‪8978‬‬ ‫‪9900‬‬ ‫‪8700‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪Saudi Arabia‬‬ ‫‪62600‬‬ ‫‪57600‬‬ ‫‪54900‬‬ ‫‪51000‬‬ ‫‪48300‬‬ ‫‪44800‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Syria‬‬ ‫‪3127‬‬ ‫‪2978‬‬ ‫‪2900‬‬ ‫‪2700‬‬ ‫‪2500‬‬ ‫‪2500‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮرﻳﺎ‬
‫‪U.A.E‬‬ ‫‪36400‬‬ ‫‪35600‬‬ ‫‪34100‬‬ ‫‪32800‬‬ ‫‪29100‬‬ ‫‪28300‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎرات‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪166333‬‬ ‫‪160743‬‬ ‫‪154648‬‬ ‫‪144548‬‬ ‫‪135100‬‬ ‫‪126300‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪26‬‬

‫‪22‬‬
‫أﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ آﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ‪ 2019390‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2001‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ‬
‫إﻟﻰ ‪ 2433420‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ .%20.5‬وﻗﺪ ازداد اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻹﺳﻜﻮا ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم ﻵﺧﺮ وذﻟﻚ ﻻﻧﺨﻔﺎض آﻠﻔﺘﻪ وﻗﻠﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ‪ 126300‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ‬
‫إﻟﻰ ‪ 166333‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪرهﺎ ‪.%31.7‬‬

‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻸردن ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻻﻓﺘﻘﺎر اﻟﺒﻼد إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ واﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺘﻴﺮاد‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺤﺘﺎج اﻷردن إﻟﻰ آﻤﻴﺎت آﺒﻴﺮة ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ .‬وﺗﺸﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎت إﻟﻰ أن اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺳﻴﺰداد‬
‫ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﻤﻌﺪل ﻗﺪ ﻳﺼﻞ اﻟﻰ ‪ %3‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎم وإﻟﻰ ‪ %6‬ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎص‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ هﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ أن ﺗﻢ إﺧﻀﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻷﻳﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ أو ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ‪ ،‬آﺎﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ واﻟﻔﺤﻢ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺗﺰاﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻷﺧﻴﺮة ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‪ .‬وﺑﻠﻎ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ 7028.0‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‪ ،‬وارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪ 7187.7‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪.%2.3‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .11‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪) 2006-2000‬أﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬

‫)‪Table 11. Primary Energy Consumption, 2000-2006 (000 toe‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪرة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Perce-‬‬ ‫‪Natural‬‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪Exported‬‬ ‫‪Imported‬‬ ‫‪Renewable‬‬ ‫‪Crude‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪ntage‬‬ ‫‪Gas‬‬
‫‪Electricity‬‬ ‫‪Electricity‬‬ ‫‪Energy‬‬ ‫‪Oil & Oil‬‬
‫‪change‬‬
‫‪Products‬‬
‫‪0.0‬‬ ‫‪5114‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪75‬‬ ‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪4815‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪1.0‬‬ ‫‪5150‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪65‬‬ ‫‪76‬‬ ‫‪206‬‬ ‫‪4803‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪5299‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪78‬‬ ‫‪79‬‬ ‫‪188‬‬ ‫‪4954‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪9.0‬‬ ‫‪5774‬‬ ‫‪0.6‬‬ ‫‪234‬‬ ‫‪77‬‬ ‫‪432‬‬ ‫‪5030.7‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪12.‬‬ ‫‪6489‬‬ ‫‪0.7‬‬ ‫‪199‬‬ ‫‪82‬‬ ‫‪1194.9‬‬ ‫‪5012.4‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪8.3‬‬ ‫‪7028‬‬ ‫‪1.2‬‬ ‫‪237‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬ ‫‪1382.3‬‬ ‫‪5325‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪2.3‬‬ ‫‪7187.7‬‬ ‫‪3.1‬‬ ‫‪132.6‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪4953‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي‬

‫‪23‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻻوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪100%‬‬
‫‪80%‬‬
‫‪60%‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫‪40%‬‬
‫‪20%‬‬
‫‪0%‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬

‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺼﺪرة‬

‫إن اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ هﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ وﻟﻢ ﺗﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ آﺎﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ واﻟﻤﺨﺰﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت‪ ،‬وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻗﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ وﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻬﺎ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻷﻏﺮاض )اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬آﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻨﻘﻞ واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ واﻷﻏﺮاض اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت وأﺧﺮى(‪ .‬وﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻳﻜﺎد ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺎ ﺧﻼل آﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ارﺗﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ‪ 3688‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 4889‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %32.6‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .12‬اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ واﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ )‪ 000‬ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 12. Sectoral Distribution & Percentage Consumption of Final Energy (000toe),‬‬
‫‪2000-2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‪/‬‬
‫أﺧﺮى‪Other/‬‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‪Industry/‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪Transport/‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪Household‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪%‬‬ ‫‪Total‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪%‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬
‫‪change‬‬ ‫‪Quan.‬‬ ‫‪Quan.‬‬ ‫‪Quan.‬‬ ‫‪Quan.‬‬
‫‪0.0‬‬ ‫‪3688‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪585‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪881‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪852‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪1370‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪3692‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪606‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪849‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪826‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪1411‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪3.2‬‬ ‫‪3811‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪662‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪868‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪846‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪1435‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪6.0‬‬ ‫‪4040‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪722‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪945‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪878‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪1495‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪12.03‬‬ ‫‪4526‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪792‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪1007‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪1034‬‬ ‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪1693‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪6.1‬‬ ‫‪4802‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪804‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪1060‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪1159‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪1779‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪1.8‬‬ ‫‪4889‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪821‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪1064‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪1182‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪1822‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫‪24‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت )اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن( ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪100%‬‬

‫‪80%‬‬

‫‪60%‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫‪40%‬‬

‫‪20%‬‬

‫‪0%‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﺧﺮى‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﺸﻘﻴﻬﺎ اﻷوﻟﻲ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫دوﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻷداة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ وإﺣﺼﺎءاﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺮض ﺑﻮﺿﻮح اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج واﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼد‪.‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﻴﻦ ﻣﺪى اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﻴﻦ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻷهﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻲ‪ :‬وﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫أ‪ .‬اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ واﻟﻔﺤﻢ‬
‫وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬
‫وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﺼﺎدرات ﻟﻸﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﻮاﻧﺊ وﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎت اﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﻣﻦ زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد واﻟﺪﻳﺰل‪ ،‬وآﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات اﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ وﻗﻮد اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات‪.‬‬
‫هـ‪ .‬اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺨﺰون واﻟﺬي ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﺰون اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم أو اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪25‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻠﻲ‪ :‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻷول إﻟﻰ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ وﻳﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫أ‪ .‬ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ب‪ .‬ﻗﻄﺎع ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ واﻟﺪﻳﺰل واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ آﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﻔﺎﻗﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻘﻞ واﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﻢ هﺪرﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫أو اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎت‪.‬‬
‫د‪ .‬اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻠﻲ وﻳﻤﺜﻞ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻧﺪة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ وهﻲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ ،‬اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﺎع‬
‫اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت وأﺧﻴﺮا اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‪ .‬إن هﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ﻳﺤﺘﻮي أﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻏﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺎﻗﻮﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻹﺳﻔﻠﺖ واﻷرواح اﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﺤﺘﻮي آﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮوﻗﺎت اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ أﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻦ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ أو ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‪ ،‬وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻔﺮوﻗﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺤﺪث‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻓﻲ أﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷردﻧﻲ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 2006‬وﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺘﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2000‬‬

‫‪ .1‬إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ)أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ(‪ :‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ إﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 1.3‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺎﻧﺨﻔﺎض‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ %27.7‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ﻣﻦ ﺑﺌﺮ ﺣﻤﺰة‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ إﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 185.2‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺎﻧﺨﻔﺎض ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ %15‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ .2000‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﺘﻢ إﻧﺘﺎج‬
‫‪ 14.5‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %42.2‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬وآﺬﻟﻚ إﻧﺘﺎج ‪ 95‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ‬
‫‪ %46.2‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬أﻣﺎ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 296‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %2.1‬ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪.2000‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺔ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ )ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬
‫‪ %4‬ﻣﻦ إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن اﻷردن ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ آﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم‬
‫واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻟﻤﻮاﺟﻬﺔ اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﻤﻘﺪر ﻟﻬﺎ أن‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﻤﻌﺪل ‪ .%3.5‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻴﺮاد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ وﻏﻴﺮهﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺎوي‬
‫‪ 6994.1‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﻣﻮزﻋﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم ‪ 4262.6‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %13.2‬ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬اﻟﺪﻳﺰل ‪ 518.3‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %12.6‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬اﻟﺒﻨﺰﻳﻦ ‪) 67.8‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ ،( 2000‬ﻏﺎز ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 201.8‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %36.5‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬وﻗﻮد ﻃﺎﺋﺮات ‪ ،1.0‬ﻏﺎز‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ 1818.3‬واﻟﺬي ﻧﻤﻰ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ‬
‫زﻳﺖ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﺜﻘﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻊ اﻟﻜﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬وأﺧﻴﺮا اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ‪ 124.3‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻴﺮاد ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪10.8‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎ واط ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪.2000‬‬

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‫‪ .3‬اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻧﻤﻰ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻌﺪل ‪ %5.4‬ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺷﻴﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻻت اﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ( واﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﺑﺤﺪود ‪ ،%6.5‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻎ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ آﻤﻴﺘﻪ ‪ 7186.8‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ %42.2‬ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ %94.1‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬إﻟﻰ ‪ %68.9‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬وذﻟﻚ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ‪ %4.2‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2000‬ﻟﺘﺮﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪%27.9‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ .2006‬أﻣﺎ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 4889.5‬أﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫‪ %32.6‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2000‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮزﻋﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ آﻤﺎ هﻮ ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺠﺪول ‪.13‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .13‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ‪ 000) 2006‬ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬

‫‪Table 13. Primary and Final Sectoral Energy Consumption, 2006‬‬
‫)‪(000 toe‬‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‪Primary Energy Consumption /‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪% of Consumption‬‬ ‫‪Quantity of Consumption‬‬ ‫‪Primary Energy‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ & ‪Crude Oil‬‬
‫‪68.9‬‬ ‫‪4952.6‬‬
‫‪Oil Products‬‬
‫‪27.9‬‬ ‫‪2003.5‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪Natural Gas /‬‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫‪1.3‬‬ ‫‪95‬‬
‫‪Renewable Energy‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة واﻟﻤﺼﺪرة‬
‫‪1.9‬‬ ‫‪135.7‬‬
‫‪Imported & Exported Electricity‬‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪7186.8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‪Total /‬‬

‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‪Final Sectoral Energy Consumption /‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‪Sector /‬‬
‫‪% of Consumption‬‬ ‫‪Quantity of Consumption‬‬
‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪1822‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪Transport /‬‬
‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪1182‬‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‪Industrial /‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪1064‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‪Household /‬‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪621‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت وأﺧﺮى‪Services & others /‬‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪4889‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‪Total /‬‬

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 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﺪة ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮف ﻣﻮﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻄﺮف‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﺮآﺔ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﺎت واﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻓﺮق‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻞ‪ .‬وﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻷردن إﻟﻰ ﻋﺎم‬
‫‪ ،1937‬ﺣﻴﻦ واﻓﻘﺖ ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻤﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﺒﺪال إﻧﺎرة ﺷﻮارع اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ اﻟﻜﺎز ﺑـ ‪200‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺒﺎح آﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺷﺮآﺔ ﻋﻤﺎن‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮت اﻟﺸﺮآﺔ ﻣﺤﺮآﺎ ﻗﻮﺗﻪ ‪ 70‬ﺣﺼﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫إﺣﺪى اﻟﻤﻄﺎﺣﻦ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺸﻐﻞ اﻟﻤﻄﺤﻨﺔ ﻧﻬﺎرا وﻳﻨﻴﺮ اﻟﺸﻮارع ﻟﻴﻼ‪ .‬واﻧﺼﺐ اهﺘﻤﺎم اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﻤﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻨﻪ وأوﻟﺘﻪ اﻻهﺘﻤﺎم اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ )‪ (21‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ ،1967‬وﻋﺪل إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ )‪ (16‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ 1986‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ هﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ وﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮهﺎ‬
‫واﺳﺘﻴﺮادهﺎ وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﺻﺪر ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ‪ 1996/09/01‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ رﻗﻢ )‪ (10‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ ،1996‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺷﺮآﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ وﻣﻤﻠﻮآﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬وﺗﻢ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻌﺎم رﻗﻢ )‪ (10‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ 1996‬ﺑﺈﺻﺪار ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﻌﺪل رﻗﻢ )‪ (13‬ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ ،1996‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺖ إﻋﺎدة هﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺛﻼث ﺷﺮآﺎت هﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ وﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﺎت ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻞ واﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺷﺮآﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺮآﺰﻳﺔ وهﻲ ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺷﺮآﺔ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء وهﻲ ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .14‬آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﻮع )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2001‬‬
‫‪Table 14. Electrical Energy Production by Type (GWh), 2001-2006‬‬
‫‪Type of‬‬
‫‪2006‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮع اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫‪Generation‬‬
‫‪Steam‬‬ ‫‪5731‬‬ ‫‪7524‬‬ ‫‪7168‬‬ ‫‪6430‬‬ ‫‪6771‬‬ ‫‪6240‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺎري‬
‫‪Diesel/gas‬‬ ‫‪67‬‬ ‫‪341‬‬ ‫‪464‬‬ ‫‪262‬‬ ‫‪115‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬ ‫ﻏﺎز‪/‬دﻳﺰل‬
‫‪Natural gas‬‬ ‫‪943‬‬ ‫‪648‬‬ ‫‪776‬‬ ‫‪746‬‬ ‫‪680‬‬ ‫‪769‬‬ ‫ﻏﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪Diesel‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫دﻳﺰل‬
‫‪Hydro units‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬ ‫‪57‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪Wind‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫رﻳﺎح‬
‫‪Biogas‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﻏﺎز ﺣﻴﻮي‬
‫‪Compound‬‬ ‫‪3841‬‬ ‫‪558‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫دورة ﻣﺮآﺒﺔ‬
‫‪circle‬‬
‫‪Electricity‬‬ ‫‪10646‬‬ ‫‪9138‬‬ ‫‪8471‬‬ ‫‪7489‬‬ ‫‪7630‬‬ ‫‪7144‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬

‫‪Industry‬‬ ‫‪474‬‬ ‫‪516‬‬ ‫‪496‬‬ ‫‪505‬‬ ‫‪502‬‬ ‫‪405‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬

‫‪Steam‬‬ ‫‪446‬‬ ‫‪445‬‬ ‫‪422‬‬ ‫‪428‬‬ ‫‪434‬‬ ‫‪364‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺎري‬

‫‪Diesel‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪71‬‬ ‫‪74‬‬ ‫‪77‬‬ ‫‪68‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫دﻳﺰل‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪11120‬‬ ‫‪9654‬‬ ‫‪8967‬‬ ‫‪7994‬‬ ‫‪8132‬‬ ‫‪7549‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫‪28‬‬
‫هﺬا ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ وﺟﻮد ﺷﺮآﺘﻴﻦ أﺧﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﺗﻘﻮﻣﺎن ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻞ وﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ وهﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ وﺷﺮآﺔ آﻬﺮﺑﺎء ارﺑﺪ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺷﻬﺪ اﻷردن وﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻃﻠﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪا ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ أدى إﻟﻰ زﻳﺎدة آﻤﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎن إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪) 9654‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س(‪ ،‬ارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪11120‬‬
‫)ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪.%15.2‬‬

‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫إن اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة داﺧﻞ اﻷردن ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪة اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ وﺳﻮرﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ دول اﻟﻤﺸﺮق واﻟﻤﻐﺮب اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‪ .‬وﺷﻬﺪت اﻟﻌﻘﻮد اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫إﻧﺠﺎزات آﺒﻴﺮة ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪول اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﻮاآﺒﺔ ارﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺑﺤﻮاﻟﻲ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﻌﻔًﺎ‪ .‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ اﻟﺪول اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼل زﻳﺎدة إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﺪرات اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ إﻟﻰ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ﻋﺸﺮة أﻣﺜﺎل ﻣﺎ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪،1975‬‬
‫ورﻓﻊ آﻔﺎءة اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ وﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻔﺎﻗﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻞ واﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﺬا ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ أﻣﺮا ﺿﺮورﻳﺎ ﻟﻤﻮاﺟﻬﺔ زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺎدر‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬا اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻘﺪرات اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﻀﺔ أو اﻟﺮﺧﻴﺼﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﺗﻜﻮن آﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ واﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻟﻘﺪرات اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ واﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻠﻴﺎر دوﻻر ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﺎم ‪.2010‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .15‬آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2001‬‬

‫‪Table 15. Quantities of Generated Electricity in the ESCWA Region (GWh),‬‬
‫‪2001-2005‬‬
‫‪Country‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬
‫‪Bahrain‬‬ ‫‪8698‬‬ ‫‪8448‬‬ ‫‪7768‬‬ ‫‪7344‬‬ ‫‪6800‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫‪Egypt‬‬ ‫‪101299‬‬ ‫‪94913‬‬ ‫‪89190‬‬ ‫‪83282‬‬ ‫‪77956‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
‫‪Iraq‬‬ ‫‪34740‬‬ ‫‪33863‬‬ ‫‪32150‬‬ ‫‪32000‬‬ ‫‪32251‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Jordan‬‬ ‫‪9654‬‬ ‫‪8967‬‬ ‫‪7994‬‬ ‫‪8132‬‬ ‫‪7549‬‬ ‫اﻷردن‬
‫‪Kuwait‬‬ ‫‪43734‬‬ ‫‪41256‬‬ ‫‪39802‬‬ ‫‪36014‬‬ ‫‪34299‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪Lebanon‬‬ ‫‪10125‬‬ ‫‪10323‬‬ ‫‪10580‬‬ ‫‪10267‬‬ ‫‪9881‬‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎن‬
‫‪Oman‬‬ ‫‪11485‬‬ ‫‪11499‬‬ ‫‪10714‬‬ ‫‪10331‬‬ ‫‪9738‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Qatar‬‬ ‫‪13232‬‬ ‫‪12993‬‬ ‫‪10811‬‬ ‫‪10461‬‬ ‫‪9951‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪Saudi‬‬ ‫‪176124‬‬ ‫‪159875‬‬ ‫‪153000‬‬ ‫‪141736‬‬ ‫‪111158‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪Arabia‬‬
‫‪Syria‬‬ ‫‪34935‬‬ ‫‪32077‬‬ ‫‪29533‬‬ ‫‪28182‬‬ ‫‪26712‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮرﻳﺎ‬
‫‪U.A.E‬‬ ‫‪60698‬‬ ‫‪53728‬‬ ‫‪50277‬‬ ‫‪45628‬‬ ‫‪42957‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎرات‬
‫‪Yemen‬‬ ‫‪4774‬‬ ‫‪4337‬‬ ‫‪4030‬‬ ‫‪3815‬‬ ‫‪3661‬‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻤﻦ‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪509499‬‬ ‫‪472279‬‬ ‫‪445849‬‬ ‫‪417193‬‬ ‫‪372913‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ‪ /‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪26‬‬

‫وﻗﺪ اﺑﺘﺪأ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻷردن وﻣﺼﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،1998‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ‪ ،1999/03/16‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﺮﺑﻂ إﻧﺸﺎء ﺧﻂ هﻮاﺋﻲ ﺟﻬﺪ‬
‫‪ 500‬ك‪.‬ف‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﺳﻴﻨﺎء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻮﻳﺲ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺎﺑﺎ‪ ،‬وآﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺮي ﺟﻬﺪ ‪400‬‬
‫ك‪.‬ف‪ .‬ﺑﻄﻮل ‪ 13‬آﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻖ ‪ 850‬ﻣﺘﺮا إﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﺪ ‪ 400‬ك‪.‬ف‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻻت ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻮﻳﺲ وﻃﺎﺑﺎ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ‬

‫‪29‬‬
‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻷردن وﺳﻮرﻳﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ‪ ،1999/09/30‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻬﺪ‬
‫‪ 400‬ك‪.‬ف‪ ،‬وﺧﺮج إﻟﻰ ﺣﻴﺰ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ‪ ،2001/03/14‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻴﻨﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻤﻮز ‪ ،2004‬ﻟﻴﺼﺎر ﺑﻌﺪهﺎ إﻟﻰ وﺿﻊ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻌﺎر ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ ‪.2004/08/18‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﻜﻮا ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪509499‬‬
‫)ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدرهﺎ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ %48‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻟﻐﺎزي واﻟﺬي ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ،%28‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺪورة اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ‪ ،%9‬واﻟﺪﻳﺰل‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ،%1‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻗﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ‪ %3‬وأﺧﻴﺮا ﺷﻜﻠﺖ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻷﺧﺮى ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪.%7‬‬
‫وﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‪ ،‬وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻓﺈن اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫أﺧﺮى‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ 7187‬اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %2.3‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ .2005‬أﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻗﻄﺎع ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮد ﻓﻘﺪ ﻧﻤﻰ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪%13.8‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2005‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ‪ 2724‬أﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ .2006‬أﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪) 8712‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2005‬ارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪) 9593‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س(‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ %10.1‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪.2005‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .16‬آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪) 2006-2000‬اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬
‫‪Table 16. Fuel Used for Generating Electricity & in the Kingdom, 2000-2006‬‬
‫)‪(000 toe‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ إﻟﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫‪Percentage of‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬
‫‪Generating‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Percentage‬‬ ‫‪Generating‬‬ ‫‪Kingdom‬‬
‫‪Consumption to the‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪Change of‬‬ ‫‪Consumption‬‬ ‫‪Consumption‬‬
‫‪Kingdom‬‬
‫‪Generating‬‬
‫‪Consumption‬‬

‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪35.4‬‬ ‫‪1810‬‬ ‫‪5114‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪35.3‬‬ ‫‪1820‬‬ ‫‪5150‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪6.90‬‬ ‫‪36.7‬‬ ‫‪1947‬‬ ‫‪5299‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪2.00‬‬ ‫‪34.4‬‬ ‫‪1986‬‬ ‫‪5774‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪13.4‬‬ ‫‪34.7‬‬ ‫‪2252‬‬ ‫‪6489‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪6.26‬‬ ‫‪34.0‬‬ ‫‪2393‬‬ ‫‪7028‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪13.8‬‬ ‫‪37.9‬‬ ‫‪2724‬‬ ‫‪7187‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
 ‫آﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪8000‬‬
‫‪7000‬‬
‫‪6000‬‬

‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜ ﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔ ﻂ‬
‫‪5000‬‬
‫‪4000‬‬
‫‪3000‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .17‬آﻤﻴﺎت اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪Table 17. Quantities of Electrical Power Consumption (GWh),‬‬
‫‪2000-2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫آﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Percentage Change‬‬ ‫‪Quantities of Consumption‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪6133‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪4.20‬‬ ‫‪6392‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪7.95‬‬ ‫‪6900‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪6.23‬‬ ‫‪7330‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪10.35‬‬ ‫‪8089‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪7.70‬‬ ‫‪8712‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪10.11‬‬ ‫‪9593‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫وﻗﺪ ﺗﻮزع اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺐ اﻷآﺒﺮ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ ،%35.8‬ﺗﺒﻌﻪ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪،%28.75‬‬
‫ﺛﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﺠﺎري )‪ ،(%15.8‬أﻣﺎ ﺿﺦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﻘﺪ اﺳﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ ،%14.55‬وإﻧﺎرة اﻟﺸﻮارع‬
‫)‪ ،(%2.70‬واﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت اﻷﺧﺮى ‪.%2.4‬‬

‫‪31‬‬
 ‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .18‬اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت وﻧﺴﺐ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 18. Sectoral Distribution & Percentage of Electricity Consumption (GWh),‬‬
‫‪2000-2006‬‬
‫إﻧﺎرة اﻟﺸﻮارع‬
‫أﺧﺮى‬ ‫ﺿﺦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪Street‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Other‬‬ ‫‪Water pump‬‬ ‫‪Commercial‬‬ ‫‪Industry‬‬ ‫‪Households‬‬
‫‪Total‬‬ ‫‪lighting‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬ ‫‪%‬‬ ‫ك‪Q/‬‬
‫‪6133‬‬ ‫‪3.5‬‬ ‫‪210‬‬ ‫‪2.8‬‬ ‫‪173‬‬ ‫‪16.1‬‬ ‫‪990‬‬ ‫‪13.1‬‬ ‫‪805‬‬ ‫‪32.2‬‬ ‫‪1974‬‬ ‫‪32.3‬‬ ‫‪1981‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪6392‬‬ ‫‪3.4‬‬ ‫‪219‬‬ ‫‪2.8‬‬ ‫‪177‬‬ ‫‪15.3‬‬ ‫‪982‬‬ ‫‪13.8‬‬ ‫‪880‬‬ ‫‪31.7‬‬ ‫‪2024‬‬ ‫‪33.0‬‬ ‫‪2110‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪6900‬‬ ‫‪3.4‬‬ ‫‪236‬‬ ‫‪2.8‬‬ ‫‪190‬‬ ‫‪15.1‬‬ ‫‪1044‬‬ ‫‪14.1‬‬ ‫‪971‬‬ ‫‪31.8‬‬ ‫‪2193‬‬ ‫‪32.8‬‬ ‫‪2266‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪7330‬‬ ‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪2.7‬‬ ‫‪201‬‬ ‫‪15.1‬‬ ‫‪1104‬‬ ‫‪14.3‬‬ ‫‪1047‬‬ ‫‪31.3‬‬ ‫‪2294‬‬ ‫‪33.7‬‬ ‫‪2471‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪8089‬‬ ‫‪2.5‬‬ ‫‪201‬‬ ‫‪2.6‬‬ ‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪15.6‬‬ ‫‪1261‬‬ ‫‪14.7‬‬ ‫‪1190‬‬ ‫‪30.7‬‬ ‫‪2479‬‬ ‫‪33.9‬‬ ‫‪2745‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪8712‬‬ ‫‪2.3‬‬ ‫‪201‬‬ ‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪248‬‬ ‫‪14.9‬‬ ‫‪1298‬‬ ‫‪15.1‬‬ ‫‪1317‬‬ ‫‪30.5‬‬ ‫‪2659‬‬ ‫‪34.3‬‬ ‫‪2989‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪9593‬‬ ‫‪2.4‬‬ ‫‪228‬‬ ‫‪2.7‬‬ ‫‪261‬‬ ‫‪14.6‬‬ ‫‪1396‬‬ ‫‪15.8‬‬ ‫‪1516‬‬ ‫‪28.7‬‬ ‫‪2757‬‬ ‫‪35.8‬‬ ‫‪3435‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ ﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2006‬‬

‫‪3% 2%‬‬
‫‪15%‬‬
‫‪35%‬‬

‫‪16%‬‬

‫‪29%‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫ﺿﺦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫اﻧﺎرة اﻟﺸﻮارع‬ ‫اﺧﺮى‬

‫وﺑﻠﻎ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻣﺎ آﻤﻴﺘﻪ ‪ 1901‬م‪.‬واط‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ آﺎن هﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ‪ 1751‬م‪.‬واط ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2005‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ زﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ ‪ .%8.6‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ زاد ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ‪ %9.8‬ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﻌﺎم ‪ ،2005‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 1641‬م‪ .‬واط‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪.2006‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .19‬ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ )م‪.‬واط( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 19. Development of Maximum Load (mw), 2000-2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻲ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Percentage change for‬‬
‫‪Local Max. Load‬‬ ‫‪Total Max. Load‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪Total Load‬‬
‫‪0.00‬‬ ‫‪1229‬‬ ‫‪1238‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪1.37‬‬ ‫‪1068‬‬ ‫‪1255‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪12.35‬‬ ‫‪1311‬‬ ‫‪1410‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪1.28‬‬ ‫‪1336‬‬ ‫‪1428‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪8.89‬‬ ‫‪1314‬‬ ‫‪1555‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪12.60‬‬ ‫‪1495‬‬ ‫‪1751‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪8.57‬‬ ‫‪1641‬‬ ‫‪1901‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫‪32‬‬
‫وﺑﻠﻐﺖ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ )اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة( ‪ 10636‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪،2005‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ 11634‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪ .%9.4‬وﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺬآﺮ أن ﺷﺮآﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻤﺮا ﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻗﺪ أﻧﺘﺠﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 30‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ‬
‫إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ‪ 1660‬ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .20‬اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة )ج‪.‬و‪.‬س( وﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻨﻬﺎ )ك‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 20. Total Electric Power (GWh) & Per Capita (KWh), 2000-2006‬‬
‫ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺴﻜﺎن اﻟﻤﻘﺪر)اﻟﻒ ﻧﺴﻤﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Per capita‬‬ ‫)‪Estimated Population (000‬‬ ‫‪Total Energy‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪1540‬‬ ‫‪4820‬‬ ‫‪7423‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪1570‬‬ ‫‪4978‬‬ ‫‪7816‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪1658‬‬ ‫‪5098‬‬ ‫‪8454‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪1714‬‬ ‫‪5230‬‬ ‫‪8966‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪1830‬‬ ‫‪5350‬‬ ‫‪9793‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪1943‬‬ ‫‪5473‬‬ ‫‪10636‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪2079‬‬ ‫‪5596‬‬ ‫‪11634‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﺷﺮآﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪2500‬‬

‫‪2000‬‬
‫آﻴﻠﻮ وا ط‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬

‫‪1500‬‬

‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪500‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد‬

‫وﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺴﻜﺎن وزﻳﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ وارﺗﻔﻌﺖ أﻳﻀﺎ ﺣﺼﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ آﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪ (2005‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪ 1281‬آﻐﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔﻂ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ إﻟﻰ ‪ 1283‬آﻐﻢ‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ‬
‫‪ ،%0.2‬وﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ 1586‬آﻴﻠﻮ‪.‬و‪.‬س ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ارﺗﻔﻌﺖ إﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ 1711‬آﻴﻠﻮ‪.‬و‪.‬س ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪.%7.9‬‬

‫‪33‬‬
 ‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .21‬ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )آﻐﻢ‪.‬م‪.‬ن( واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء )آﻴﻠﻮ‪.‬و‪.‬س( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 21. Per Capita Consumption of Energy (Kgoe) & Electricity‬‬
‫‪(KWh), 2000-2006‬‬
‫ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )ك‪.‬و‪.‬س(‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )آﻐﻢ‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Per Capita of‬‬ ‫)‪Per Capita of Energy (Kgoe‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫)‪Electricity (KWh‬‬
‫‪1218‬‬ ‫‪1015‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪1234‬‬ ‫‪994‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬

‫‪1295‬‬ ‫‪994‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬

‫‪1413‬‬ ‫‪1110‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬

‫‪1512‬‬ ‫‪1213‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬

‫‪1586‬‬ ‫‪1281‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬

‫‪1711‬‬ ‫‪1283‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪/‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪2006 & 2005‬‬

‫ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬

‫‪1800‬‬
‫‪1600‬‬
‫‪1400‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ ﻃﻦ ﻣﻜ ﺎﻓﺊ ﻧﻔ ﻂ‬

‫‪1200‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪800‬‬
‫‪600‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫‪200‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﻠﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﺔ اﻟﻔﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬

‫آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻨﻲ آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬آﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﻠﻚ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج آﻢ ﻣﺤﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي أو اﻟﻤﺎدي‪ ،‬وهﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ أو اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ( أو اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺎدي‪.‬‬

‫‪34‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج وﺣﺪة واﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬

‫وﻗﺪ ارﺗﻔﻊ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ‪ 2000‬و‪ 2006‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ‪ ،%5.8‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ارﺗﻔﻊ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺑﻤﻌﺪل ﺳﻨﻮي ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ .%6.2‬وﺑﻠﻎ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ 2005‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ 7028‬اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ارﺗﻔﻊ إﻟﻰ ‪ 7186‬اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪ .%2.2‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 7308.2‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم‬
‫‪ 2005‬ﺛﻢ ارﺗﻔﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 7778.7‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ‪.%6.4‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .22‬آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )أﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‪/‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 22. Density of Consumed Energy (000toe/million JD), 2000-2006‬‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬
‫آﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر‬ ‫)أﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن(‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Density of Energy‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ )ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر(‬ ‫‪Primary Energy‬‬
‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪%‬‬ ‫)‪GDP (million JD‬‬ ‫‪Consumed‬‬
‫)‪(000 toe‬‬
‫‪94.4‬‬ ‫‪5418.7‬‬ ‫‪5114‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪90.3‬‬ ‫‪5704.2‬‬ ‫‪5150‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬

‫‪87.8‬‬ ‫‪6034.1‬‬ ‫‪5299‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬

‫‪91.9‬‬ ‫‪6286.3‬‬ ‫‪5774‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬

‫‪95.2‬‬ ‫‪6816.4‬‬ ‫‪6489‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬

‫‪96.2‬‬ ‫‪7308.2‬‬ ‫‪7028‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬

‫‪92.4‬‬ ‫‪7778.7‬‬ ‫‪7186‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪2006‬‬
‫وداﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻮم داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎدرات واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردات ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم وﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء آﺎﺳﺘﻴﺮاد وﺗﺼﺪﻳﺮ‪ .‬وهﻨﺎك دراﺳﺎت وﻣﺴﻮح رﺑﻌﻴﺔ وﺳﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﺬهﺎ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء(‪ .‬وﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت‬
‫واﻟﻤﺴﻮﺣﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬة ﻓﻲ هﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‪:‬‬

‫اﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﻬﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج وأﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﻴﻦ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات رﺑﻌﻴﺔ وﻣﺴﻮح ﺳﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ آﺸﺮآﺔ‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺘﺮول اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ وﻣﺼﻔﺎة اﻟﺒﺘﺮول اﻷردﻧﻴﺔ وﺷﺮآﺎت ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪.‬‬

‫‪35‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .23‬اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ وﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ )ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر( وﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ )ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ( ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 23. GDP for Industry, Energy (million JD) and Percentage of Sectoral‬‬
‫‪Contribution to GDP (current price), 2000-2005‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺎهﻤﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Ratio of‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪Ratio of‬‬ ‫‪Industry ,s‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪Energy to‬‬ ‫‪Energy ,s GDP‬‬ ‫‪GDP‬‬
‫‪Energy to‬‬ ‫‪GDP‬‬
‫‪Industry‬‬
‫‪GDP‬‬
‫‪3.0‬‬ ‫‪14.1‬‬ ‫‪177‬‬ ‫‪1255‬‬ ‫‪5999‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬ ‫‪14.1‬‬ ‫‪190‬‬ ‫‪1352‬‬ ‫‪6364‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬

‫‪3.1‬‬ ‫‪14.4‬‬ ‫‪209‬‬ ‫‪1447‬‬ ‫‪6794‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬

‫‪2.8‬‬ ‫‪13.0‬‬ ‫‪203‬‬ ‫‪1563‬‬ ‫‪7229‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬

‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪11.8‬‬ ‫‪231‬‬ ‫‪1956‬‬ ‫‪8081‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬

‫‪2.5‬‬ ‫‪10.2‬‬ ‫‪222‬‬ ‫‪2172‬‬ ‫‪9012‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2005-2000‬‬

‫‪10000‬‬

‫‪8000‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر‬

‫‪6000‬‬
‫‪4000‬‬

‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬

‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ اﻻﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬

‫‪36‬‬
 2005-2000 ‫ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬،‫ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )أﻟﻒ دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺎرة‬.24 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
Table 24. Value of Consumed Electricity (000JD) in Selected Industrial Activities,
2000-2005
‫** رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 Activity Code
28538 22769 19428 18709 17720 19398 1421
1657 1682 1644 1538 1231 1254 1531
1603 1529 1308 1431 1346 1234 1541
1829 1679 1478 1285 964 872 1810
2050 1976 1819 1812 1734 1303 2109
2991 2740 2619 1794 2154 1675 2411
5302 5067 4034 4009 3521 2605 2412
4305 3706 3318 3140 3166 3212 2520
21373 18006 15266 14960 13239 11719 2694
4264 3295 2385 1940 1409 1193 2710
‫ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬/‫ داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬:‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬

‫رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ووﺻﻔﻪ‬

‫رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬
Activity Description ‫وﺻﻒ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬ Activity
Code
Mining of chemical and fertilizer ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اﻟﻤﻌﺎدن اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻷﺳﻤﺪة‬ 1421
minerals

Manufacture of grain mill products ‫ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت ﻃﻮاﺣﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﺒﻮب‬ 1531

Manufacture of bakery products ‫ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺎﺑﺰ‬ 1541

Manufacture of wearing apparel, except ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ اﻟﻔﺮاﺋﻴﺔ‬ 1810
fur apparel

Manufacture of other articles of paper ‫ﺻﻨﻊ أﺻﻨﺎف أﺧﺮى ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮرق واﻟﻮرق‬ 2109
and paperboard ‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮى‬

Manufacture of basic chemicals, except ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء‬ 2411
fertilizers and nitrogen compounds ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺪة واﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻵزوﺗﻴﺔ‬

Manufacture of fertilizers and nitrogen ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻷﺳﻤﺪة واﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻵزوﺗﻴﺔ‬ 2412

compounds

Manufacture of plastics products (‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻠﺪاﺋﻨﻴﺔ )اﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ 2520

Manufacture of cement, lime and ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ واﻟﺠﻴﺮ واﻟﺠﺺ‬ 2694

plaster

Manufacture of basic iron and steel ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ واﻟﺼﻠﺐ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ 2710

37
2005-2000 ‫ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد واﻟﻤﺤﺮوﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ )ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒ دﻳﻨﺎر( ﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﺎرة ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات‬.25 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
Table 25. Value of Consumed Fuel (000JD) in Selected Industrial Activities,
2000-2005
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 ‫** رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬
Activity Code
3156 2745 1424 1115 1460 1590 1410
24543 18269 16236 16085 15640 16717 1421
9200 6835 6660 5745 5003 5182 1541
1615 1528 1188 1159 1150 1193 1554
48755 38875 20807 18927 17085 19776 2320
2295 2292 1982 1810 1683 1179 2693
31519 26573 22577 21999 19482 17235 2694
3716 2828 2129 2069 2092 1720 2695
5214 3585 2664 2273 1660 1346 2710
181969 160095 140851 130938 119768 118275 4010
‫ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬/‫ داﺋﺮة اﻹﺣﺼﺎءات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬:‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬

‫رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ووﺻﻔﻪ‬

‫رﻣﺰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬
Activity Description ‫وﺻﻒ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط‬ Activity
Code
Quarrying of stone, sand and clay ‫اﺳﺘﻐﻼل اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺟﺮ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اﻷﺣﺠﺎر‬ 1410
‫واﻟﺮﻣﺎل واﻟﻄﻔﻞ‬

Mining of chemical and fertilizer ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اﻟﻤﻌﺎدن اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻷﺳﻤﺪة‬ 1421

minerals

Manufacture of bakery products ‫ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺎﺑﺰ‬ 1541

Manufacture of soft drinks; ،‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻜﺤﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ 1554

production of mineral waters ‫) إﻧﺘﺎج( ﺗﻌﺒﺌﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮارﻳﺮ‬

Manufacture of refined petroleum ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺮرة‬ 2320

products

Manufacture of structural non- ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﻄﻔﻠﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ 2693

refractory clay and ceramic products ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬

Manufacture of cement, lime and ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ واﻟﺠﻴﺮ واﻟﺠﺺ‬ 2694

plaster

Manufacture of articles of concrete, ‫ﺻﻨﻊ اﻷﺻﻨﺎف اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬ 2695

cement and plaster ‫واﻻﺳﻤﻨﺖ واﻟﺠﺺ‬

Manufacture of basic iron and steel ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ واﻟﺼﻠﺐ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ 2710

Production, collection and ‫إﻧﺘﺎج وﺟﻤﻊ وﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬ 4010

distribution of electricity

38
‫وﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ‪ 1195‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2006‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ ‪ %5.8‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ .2005‬وﺗﻮزع اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻮن ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت آﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ ‪ 987‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.1‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ‪ 15‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ‪ 161‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎع ﺿﺦ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪ 5‬أﻻف ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ‪ 15‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫أﺧﺮى ‪ 12‬أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫‪.6‬‬

‫أﻣﺎ أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ‪ 7523‬ﻋﺎﻣﻼ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2006‬ﺑﺰﻳﺎدة ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ ‪%3.7‬‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪.2005‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .26‬أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء واﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ )أﻟﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2006-2000‬‬
‫‪Table 26. Number of Workers in Electricity & Number‬‬
‫‪of Subscribers (000) in Electric Current, 2000-2006‬‬
‫أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮآﻴﻦ‬ ‫أﻋﺪاد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪No. of Subscribers‬‬ ‫‪No. of Workers‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪872‬‬ ‫‪6501‬‬ ‫‪2000‬‬

‫‪918‬‬ ‫‪6629‬‬ ‫‪2001‬‬

‫‪969‬‬ ‫‪6809‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬

‫‪1014‬‬ ‫‪6888‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬

‫‪1067‬‬ ‫‪7042‬‬ ‫‪2004‬‬

‫‪1129‬‬ ‫‪7256‬‬ ‫‪2005‬‬

‫‪1195‬‬ ‫‪7523‬‬ ‫‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬هﻴﺌﺔ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي ‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻮاﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ اﻟﺠﻮهﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻮذ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اهﺘﻤﺎم ﻣﺘﺨﺬي اﻟﻘﺮار‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺪور اﻟﻤﺤﻮري اﻟﺬي ﺗﻠﻌﺒﻪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻘﺪم اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي وﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻮاﻧﺐ‪ .‬وﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ أﺣﺪ ﻣﺤﺎور اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻت اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬واﺳﺘﻨﺎدا إﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻟﺬي أﻗﺮﺗﻪ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺬي ﺣﻘﻖ أهﺪاﻓﻪ ﺧﻼل‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺣﺪد ﻧﺴﺒﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻤﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺨﺪﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻷﺧﺬ ﺑﻌﻴﻦ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻣﻌﺪﻻت اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮة اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ وﻣﻌﺪﻻت‬

‫‪39‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬وآﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻨﺠﺎح ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺪ واﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼل إﺗﺒﺎع إﺟﺮاءات وﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت ﺗﻢ ﺗﺒﻨﻴﻬﺎ رﺳﻤﻴﺎ‪ .‬وأﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ إدﺧﺎل ﻣﺤﺪدات وإﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‬
‫وأﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وأﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ واﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺪة‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻧﻤﺎذج رﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻌﻴﻦ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﺒﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ‪ ،‬وﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى آﺎﻟﺪﺧﻞ واﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫واﻷﺳﻌﺎر ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ أﺧﺮى‪ .‬وﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺠﺪول ‪ 27‬ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬
‫‪.2020-2007‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .27‬اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2020-2007‬‬

‫‪Table 27. Forecast for Primary Energy & Electricity Power in the Kingdom,‬‬
‫‪2007-2020‬‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Electrical Power‬‬ ‫‪Maximum Load‬‬ ‫‪Primary Energy‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ج‪.‬و‪.‬س‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎ واط‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻒ ط‪.‬م‪.‬ن‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪Growth %‬‬ ‫‪GWh‬‬ ‫‪Growth %‬‬ ‫‪MW‬‬ ‫‪Growth %‬‬ ‫‪000 Toe‬‬ ‫‪Year‬‬
‫‪10.4‬‬ ‫‪12847‬‬ ‫‪8.9‬‬ ‫‪2071‬‬ ‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪7394‬‬ ‫‪2007‬‬
‫‪7.4‬‬ ‫‪13794‬‬ ‫‪7.6‬‬ ‫‪2228‬‬ ‫‪2.9‬‬ ‫‪7608‬‬ ‫‪2008‬‬
‫‪7.2‬‬ ‫‪14790‬‬ ‫‪7.5‬‬ ‫‪2394‬‬ ‫‪3.0‬‬ ‫‪7836‬‬ ‫‪2009‬‬
‫‪7.0‬‬ ‫‪15819‬‬ ‫‪6.3‬‬ ‫‪2545‬‬ ‫‪3.1‬‬ ‫‪8079‬‬ ‫‪2010‬‬
‫‪4.9‬‬ ‫‪20105‬‬ ‫‪5.1‬‬ ‫‪3267‬‬ ‫‪3.2‬‬ ‫‪9459‬‬ ‫‪2015‬‬
‫‪3.7‬‬ ‫‪24146‬‬ ‫‪3.7‬‬ ‫‪3910‬‬ ‫‪3.3‬‬ ‫‪11125‬‬ ‫‪2020‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪2006‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫إن اﻟﻌﺐء اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ إﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ وﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن هﺪﻓﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺄﻗﻞ آﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺐء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ آﻔﺎءة اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﺴﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺘﺎح‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺄآﻔﺄ اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ أﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﺎﺋﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻹﺳﺮاف وﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ وﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎت دون اﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﻴﺔ واﻹﻧﺘﺎج‪.‬‬
‫إن زﻳﺎدة اﻟﻮﻋﻲ ﺑﻜﻔﺎءة اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮاﺻﻠﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺸﻴﺮ دراﺳﺎت ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺪ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺪول إﻟﻰ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ آﻔﺎءة اﺳﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺑﻨﺴﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﻞ إﻟﻰ ‪ %15‬ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﺳﻨﻮات اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﺮﺷﻴﺪ وﺑﻤﻌﺪل ﺳﻨﻮي ﻣﻘﺪارﻩ ‪ .%3‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺟﺎر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎوﻟﺔ اﺳﺘﻐﻼل ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻷﻗﻞ آﻠﻔﺔ وﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼل اﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم آﻤﺼﺪر أﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ اﻷﻗﻞ‬
‫آﻠﻔﺔ آﺎﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪40‬‬
 ‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .28‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﻮات ‪2020-2008‬‬
‫‪Table 28. Expected Sharing of Primary Energy Sources to the Total Energy‬‬
‫‪Mixture, 2008-2020‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎهﻤﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪Sources‬‬
‫‪Relative Sharing in Total‬‬
‫‪of Energy‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫‪Energy Mixture %‬‬
‫‪2020‬‬ ‫‪2015‬‬ ‫‪2010‬‬ ‫‪2008‬‬
‫‪Crude oil & oil‬‬ ‫‪50.9‬‬ ‫‪52.9‬‬ ‫‪52.8‬‬ ‫‪62.8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬
‫‪products‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬
‫‪Natural gas‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪Oil shale‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺨﺮ اﻟﺰﻳﺘﻲ‬
‫‪Renewable energy‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫‪Imported‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮردة‬
‫‪electricity‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ /‬ﻣﻴﺰان اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪2006‬‬

‫‪41‬‬
Energy in Jordan
(Numbers and Indicators)

42
 Preface

Energy is a constituent element of all civilized societies. It is indispensable

because it drives the various aspects of life.

In harmony with its vision of becoming the focal point for accurate
transparent statistical information, as well as its mission of identifying and
meeting the needs of data users, the Department of Statistics (DoS) has been
intent on depicting the various aspects of the Jordanian society’s activities.
Hence, this focus on the energy sector and its components and on following up
on matters related to this sector.

The data available in this report have been gathered from various sources
that are linked to this sector — e.g., the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources, the Jordanian Petroleum Refinery Company, the National Center
for Energy Research, and the various electricity companies, as well as the
numerous DoS publications and surveys.

As it introduces this first in a series of publications about the energy sector,

the Department would like to thank all those who have provided the different
data about this sector. The DoS hopes that this publication will serve as a major
source for the decision and policy making processes, as well as for planning for
the future in the different areas of development.

The DoS is also pleased to receive any comments that aim at improving and
developing this report in the future.

Dr. Gazi Shbaikat

Director General of Statistics

43
 Contents

Content Page
Introduction 12
Types of energy 12
Types of energy statistics 13
1. Production statistics 13
2. Consumption statistics 13
3. Statistics related to reserves 13
Sources of energy in Jordan 13
1. Crude oil and oil products 13
2. Local energy 14
• Petroleum and gas 14
• Shale oil 15
• New and renewable energy 15
1. Un-renewable energy 15
2. Renewable sources 15
Energy in ESCWA region 20
Consumption of energy 23
Energy Balance 25
Level of Energy Balance 25
1. Primary energy level 25
2. Transferable energy level 26
3. End energy level 26
Jordan Energy Balance for 2006 & comparison with Energy Balance for 26
2000
1. Energy production 26
2. Energy imports 26
3. Primary and final energy consumption 27
Electric power 28
Electric link 29
Density of energy consumption 34
Energy and Industry 35
Forecast for demand on energy and electricity 39
Expected contribution of primary energy sources 40

44
Terms and Abbreviations

KW KiloWatt
KWh KiloWatt-hour
GWh Giga Watt-hour = Million Kilo Watt Hour
MW MegaWatt
MWh MegaWatt hour
B/d Barrel / day
Boe Barrel oil equivalent
Boe/d Barrel oil equivalent / day
Toe Ton oil equivalent
MVa Mega Volt-amperes
KV Kilo Volt
KM Kilometer
Kg Kilogram
000 toe Thousand ton oil equivalent
Kgmoe Kilo gram oil equivalent
KiloWh Kilo watt hour
000 mt Thousand metric ton

45
 List of tables

Table No. Page

1. Value of Crude Oil & Oil Products, GDP (current price), Imports 14
and Exports & Re-export (million JD), 2000-2006
2. Jordan Production of Crude Oil (000ton) & Natural Gas (billion 15
cf), 2000-2006
3. Local Production of New & Renewable Energy (toe), 2000-2006 16

4. Quantities of imported Crude Oil & Oil Products (000 mt), 2000- 17
2006
5. Progress of the Jordan Petroleum Refinery of Oil Products (000 18
metric ton), 2000-2006
6. Progress of the Oil Products Consumption (000 mt), 2000-2006 19

7. Quantities of Crude Oil Produced in the ESCWA Region (000 20

barrels a day), 2000-2005
8. The Marketed Natural Gas Production (billion cm) in the 21
ESCWA Region, 2001-2005
9. Consumption of Oil Products in the ESCWA Region (000 barrels 22
a day), 2002-2005
10. Quantities of Natural Gas Consumption in the ESCWA Region 22
(000 toe), 2000-2005
11. Primary Energy Consumption (000 toe), 2000-2006 23

12. Sectoral Distribution & Percentage Consumption of Final 24

Energy (000 toe), 2000-2006
13. Primary and Final Sectoral Energy Consumption (000 toe), 2006 27

14. Electrical Energy Production by Type (GWh), 2001-2006 28

15. Quantities of Generated Electricity in the ESCWA Region 29

(GWh), 2001-2005
16. Fuel used for Generating Electricity & in the Kingdom (000 toe), 30
2000-2006
17. Quantities of Electrical Power Consumption (GWh),2000-2006 31

46
18. Sectoral Distribution & Percentage of Electric Consumption 32
(GWh), 2000-2006
19. Development of Maximum Load (MW), 2000-2006 32

20. Total Electric Power (GWh) & Per Capita (KWh), 2000-2006 33

21. Per Capita Consumption of Energy (Kgoe) and Electricity 34

(KWh), 2000-2006
22. Density of Consumed Energy (000toe/million JD), 2000-2006 35

23. GDP for Industry, Energy (million JD) and Percentage of 36

Sectoral Contribution to GDP (current price), 2000-2005
24. Value of Consumed Electricity (000 JD) in Selected Industrial 37
Activities, 2000-2005
25. Value of Consumed Fuel (000 JD) in Selected Industrial 38
Activities, 2000-2005
26. Numbers of Workers in Electricity & Number of Subscribers 39
(000) in Electric Current, 2000-2006
27. Forecast for Primary Energy & Electricity Power in Kingdom, 40
2007-2020
28. Expected Sharing of Primary Energy Sources to the Total 41
Energy Mixture, 2008-2020

47
Terms and definitions:

1. Oil shale: A sedimentary rock of fine, dark-brown to black granules, formed

by the absorption of petroleum materials. It contains large quantities of
solid organic matter (kerogen), which produces a hydrocarbon liquid or gas
by through heating and distillation.

2. Un-renewable energy: Depleted energy which will expire by time because

of over use. It is found in nature in limited quantities.

3. Renewable energy: Permanent, non-depleted natural energy, available in

nature and continuously renewed as long as life continues

4. Primary energy: Energy not subjected to any change or transformation,

such as crude oil, natural gas, coal, etc.

5. Final energy: Energy that is available for final consumption, but has not yet
been delivered to the consumer. Examples include petroleum derivatives,
that have been produced and stored in petrol stations, or electricity before
distribution and transmission.

6. Final energy consumption: Energy that is consumed by the end user for all
purposes of energy utilization (e.g., consumption by the different sectors).
7. Energy balance: A mechanism through which the situation and statistics of
energy may be identified.
8. Conversion energy level: the level at which energy is converted from its
form in the first level to an energy form in the final level.

9. Final energy level: The level at which produced energy is distributed in its
final form to the consumption sectors: industrial, transport, domestic,
commercial, services, and agricultural.

10. Electric power: A form of energy generated as a result of the movement of

electrons from one end of a conductor to the other, so that the electric
current moves in the opposite direction of that of the electrons, resulting
from the a potential difference between the two ends of the conductor.

11. Energy density:

• The amount of energy consumed to produce a specific quantity of

commodities.
• The ratio of energy consumption to economic or material yield. At the
national level, it is the ratio of total local consumption of primary
energy, or the consumption of final energy, to the GDP (value added) or
material yield.
• The energy needed to produce one unit of the GDP at fixed prices.

48
Units of Measurement and Conversion Coefficients in the Energy Sector

1. Units used in electric power:

Kilowatt ( KwH) = 1,000 watts

= 3.6x106 watt-second
= 3.6x106 joule
= 3.6 mega joule

1 Watt-second = 1 joule

2. Units used in thermal energy:

The unit used to measure thermal energy is the calorie.

Calorie: The amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram
of water by one degree Celsius. This unit equals 4.1868 joule.

3. Units used in measuring petroleum and gas

Quantities of petroleum and petroleum derivatives are measured by mass (tons) or

size (cubic meter or barrel):

1 metric ton = 1,000 kilograms

= 7 barrels of petroleum

1 cubic meter = 1,000 liters

= 6.29 barrels of petroleum

Ton Oil Equivalent (TOE): The amount of thermal energy produced by burning one
ton of petroleum

1 TOE = 10 gigacalories
= 41.9 gigajoules
= 1.43 ton coal equivalent
= 11.63 megawatt-hour
= 7 barrel oil equivalent
=39.68 million British Thermal Units (BTU)

49