Fit as a Fiddle Reading How much do you know about long life? Do the quiz and find out! Your teacher will tell you the answers. 1. What is another word for ‘long life"? a longing b longevity € longitude 2. How long did the world’s oldest person lve? a 122years b 112 years © 117 years 3. Which countries have the best diets for long life? China, USA, Germany b Japan, Greece, Italy © Canada, Brazil, France What do you think contributes to long life? Male a list. You have one minute! Read the text quickly. In which places do people eat a lot of locally-grown food? In group of villages on the island of Sardinia, 91 of the 17,865 people born between 1880 and 1900 lived to their 100th birthday ~ a rate more than twice as high as the average for Italy ‘Why do they live so long? Lifestyle is part of the answer. The Pegple work hard on their farms and place great importance on family. Take 75-year-old Sardinian Tonino Tola for example. It's 11 am and Tonino has already milked four cows, chopped wood and walked 6 km with his sheep. Taking a break, he sits down ‘ith his family to eat, Nutrition is a factor in Sardinians’ longevity = their diets are rich in fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products, fish and some red wine, most of which are produced Con thelr own farms. Their genetic history also helps. Many of them are related to the first Sardinians, who arrived in the area 11,000 years ago. Genetic traits have become stronger over the years and favour longevity Marge Jetton is speeding down the motorway in her purple car. Marge, who recently turned 101, is late for one of several volunteer commitments she has today. Already this morning, she's eaten breakfast, walked 1.6 km, and lifted weights Like many other residents of Loma Linda, California, Marge is ‘a member of a religious community that has always supported particular characteristic ‘eating or drinking something the length of time that a person is ikely tolive aseriousiiiness of the mind, especially n old people a period of time when fo food is eaten healthy living. It forbids smoking and drinking alcohol, and discourages the cof most meat, rich foods and caffeinated drinks as well as most spices. Instead, they enjoy beans, nuts, whole wheat bread, soy milk, tomatoes and other fruits as well as five glasses of water a day. All of these lower the Tisk of developing certain diseases. In addition, every Saturday, they get together and socialise with each other to relieve stress, ‘A study has revealed that members of this community live four to ‘ten years longer than other Californians. Ushi Okushima has just started a new job. Not long ago she began wearing perfume. Pradictable behaviour for a young ‘woman, perhaps, but Ushi is 103. with a of 78 years for men and 86 years for ‘women, Okinawans are among the world’s longestliving people. They enjoy years free from illness, have very low rates of cancer ‘and heart disease, and are less likely to develop Their habit of consuming food grawn on the islands and ‘eating in moderation — ‘eat until your stomach is 80 percent full ~ may also contribute to their longevity. Furthermore, many belong to a moai, a support network that provides help. ‘Aiga may be another factor. The word‘ad the article again to find the following information. Which paragraph(s) mention men who live longer than men? whose religion doesn't allow them to eat some things? of genes? ial drink that fights disease? meetings? © people in the text who are the oldest? |e who sleep in the daytime? born in a specific twenty-year period? ple getting together to help or support each other? who mainly werk outdoors? Find words in the article which complete sentences 5 correctly. four _ is the food you eat and how it affects your health. (para A) 2 Food products made from milk are described as — (para A) To ____ means to order somebody ‘ot to do something. (para B) __means to spend free time uith other people. (para B) = are plants used to give flavour 10 food or to make medicine. (para D) ‘that which makes one’s life worth living’ s different for everyone, ‘My ikigalis right 25 Ushi as she nods towards her friends. dle, Iwill wonder why lam still alive. ur to Xerolas parties hard and stays up past 2 night. The amazing thing isn’t that he does a remote mountain village, but that he "at 103 years old. Greek island of Ikaria, more than a thied esidents reach age 90. They suffer less and heart disease and, most surprisingly, f the dementia that afflicts other cultures. ving Ikarians observe about 150 days of le, 20s fasts a year, sleep late and nap daily, cer at mostly leafy greens, potatoes and beans, lees one unique factor that is nat seen areas where people lve for a long time: ingredient to living longer is growing right gardens. IU’ a selection of herbs used to #63 and they all have one thing in common — er blood pressure, a major cause of heart and dementia E Close- This task requires you to read atext which is divided into g several paragraphs, and then to match the paragraphs with some answer choices. You can scan the paragraphs 7 quickly to find the answers to the questions. When you have found the information you are looking for, underline itand write the question ‘number in the margin next to the underlined part " Your teacher will tell you the answers. The oldest person in the world was Jeanne Calment of France. She died in 1997 at the age of 122. Why do you think she lived so long? Tick the things you think she did. She ate a kilo of chocolate a week. She rode a bike until she was 100. | Her diet was rch in ove oil She loved music and recorded @ rap CD. At the age of 85, she took up fencing, DR eee ee cot Ce et en eee eeeSa acee mae cl Vocabulary A Circle the odd ones out. 1 nurse: ward surgeon 2 yoga meditation cycling 3. proteins additives minerals 4 trainer optician dietician 5 vaccination operation injection 6 prescription weights treadmill 7 bandage tablet crutch 8 poison diagnose examine B Match each sentence 1-6 with the sentence that logically follows it a | cut my hand badly while | was preparing dinner. Susie broke her arm while doing gymnastics I"ve been going to an aerobics class for a month now. You should try and eat organic food, I"ve twisted my ankle, but | don't know if it's broken. Ben was in a terrible skiing accident. ounen {a The doctor thinks the wound is infected b_ Iwill have to have an X-ray. €Itdoesn’t contain any preservatives. d_ She'll have to have it in plaster for a few weeks untilit heals, @ It's great. I've lost weight and | feel much fitter! £ tewill take him months to recover, C Circle the correct words. Myth or medical advice? ‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’ is a saying that some people reject as simply an old wives’ tale, But does it, and other sayings lke it, actually contain any truth? Old wives' tales, or at least some of them, do indeed have words of wisdom to offer! Take the ‘apple a day’ saying. Apples are full of (1) additives / vitamins that keep us healthy and in geod (2) shape / figure physically. If we are healthy, we have no need for a doctor. Another saying is: ‘Starve a fever, feed a cold’, Many researchers say that a pperson with a high (3) illness / temperature should limit what they eat, and only drink water. On the other hand, they (4) diagnose / advise patients who are suffering from a cold to do the opposite to eat (5) well-balanced / nourishing food. Speaking of colds, another old wives’ tale (6) prescribes / treats dear old mums homemade chicken soup as a quick and simple (7) remedy / medication for runny noses, sniffles and even (8) sore / tender throats. Try it, doctors agree it works! D_ Which of these ideas for staying healthy and in good shape do you agree with? Discuss your answers with a partner. + join gym or an aerobics class + eat nourishing food that has lots of proteins and minerals + take vitamins if| have the flu or an infection + drink herbal tea if| have a sore throat + take medication when a doctor advises me towith Present Perfect Simple & Present Perfect Continuous A. We use the Present Perfect Simple for actions and situations that happened at an indefinite time in the past. We use the Present Perfect Continuous for actions and situations that started in the past and are stil in progress or have happened repeatedly up until now. Look st the sentences below and answer the uestions that follow. She has been jogging in the park for two hours! She has jogged round the park twice. 1 Which sentence emphasises how long an action has been in progress? |_| 2 Which sentence tells us the number of times something has happened? € The students have done a project on fitness. The students have been doing a project on fitness all week 3 Which sentence tells us that the students’ projects finished? [- 4 In the other sentence, do we know whether the students have finished the project? __ For, since, lately, already, yet & still B Look at the words in bold in the sentences below and notice how they are used. She's been seeing a dietician for a month He's been running in marathons since 2004 haven't been feeling very energetic lately. He isn’t here, He's already left for the gym. Haven't you finished your wark yet? He still hasn't bought new trainers. Complete the rules. We use __at the end of a question or negative sentence. We use ___ with an expression that shows a period of time, Weuse__________with a point of time in the past. We use at the end of 2 sentence to mean ‘recently. We use after the subject of a sentence for emphasis. We use____before the main verb of a sentence for emphasis, Read 3.1-3.2 of the Grammar Reference on pages 163-164 before you do the tasks. © Complete the sentences with the correct form of the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous of the verbs in brackets. Her aunt ieee a 3 Theoldman 7 i an allergy? 5 The Mediterranean diet last decade. 6 The doctors at this hospital for cancer since 2004. How many times —___ on your mobile? D Complete the sentences with these words. He's been walking on crutches___ the accident. She's been training with weights ______a month. 1 2 3. Tom's __ had his operation, 4 [haven't been cycling as much as usual 5 6 4s the doctor examined the patient _ He hasn't made an appointment with the optician, (use) natural remedies for many years, (you / book) an appointment with the doctor? {not catch) a cold since he was young, (you / sneeze) for the last hour? Do you have a (become) very popular in the (develop) new treatments (break) her arm and she needs to go to hospital! ——(I/tell) you not to spend so much time