CONTENTS Experiments Date of experimentation Data Transfer Arithmetic Operations Code Conversion Array Handling 1/O Programming LED & Toggle Switch Interface DC Motor Control System Stepper Motor Control System Waveform Generation LED Display Interface Viva Questions References Evaluation Plan: Continuous Evaluation - 50% a Regularity, Preparation, Documentation, Viva and Performance. > Mini Project - 10% > Lab test - 40%MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 1. Data Transfer 1. Program to transfer 5 bytes of data from internal memory location starting from 20h to internal memory location starting from 40h. Program: ong tan + Start of program MOV R2, #0SH Initialize the counter Initialize the source memory MOV RO, #20H snd ‘location to 20h Initialize the destination memory bast atc aal ‘location to 40h Copy a byte of data 20h to the AGAIN: | MOV A, @RO ee :Copy content of accumulator to MOV @RI, A a 40h INC RO sIncrement the source memory slocation by 1 Increment the destination memory aie slocation by 1 DJNZ R2, AGAIN Decrement the counter, if coum #0, jump w AGAIN ; End of program. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 1MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Result: Before Execution. oxo 0x00 0x02 4 0x00 0x03 0x00 ox04 0x00 0x05 0x00 Ox01 0x02 0x03 Ox04 0x05 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 2MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 2. Program to interchange two blocks of data residing at internal memory locations starting from 20h and 40h. Program: ORG oor ; Start of program MOV R2, #0SH 3 Initialize the counter MOV RO, #20H + Initialize the source memory location MOV RI, #40H ; Initialize destination memory location AGAIN: [| MOV A, @RO XCH A, @RI 3 Exchange A with data pointed to by RO MOV @RO, A 3 Copy the contents of A to the address in :RO INC RO 5 Increment the source memory pointer INCRI + Increment the destination memory pointer. TaN RE AGAIN 3 Decrement the counter, Jitcount £0, jump to AGAIN END + End of program Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 3MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Result: Before Execution. Source Address | om | | sins” || Ox02 0x05 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 4MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 3. Program to transfer 5 bytes of data from external memory location starting from 9400h to external memory location starting from 9500h. ORG 00H ; Start of program START: | MOV_ RO, #05H 3 Initialize the counter. MOV DPTR, #9400H sInitialize memory location 9400h MOV RI1,82H 3Save the address in RI and R2 MOV R2,83H MOV DPTR, #9500H sInitialize memory location 9500h MOVX @DPTR, A Copy data from A to the external saddress in DPTR: INC DPTR PUSH 82H ; Push the address onto the stack PUSH 83H MOV 82H, RI 3 Save the address in DPL and DPH MOV 83H, R2 INC DPTR + Increment the memory location by 1 MOVX A, @DPTR Copy the data byte in accumulator sto destination memory location MOV R18: MOV R2,83h POP 83h ; Retrieve the destination memory slocation address from the stack Dept. of ICE, MIT, ManipalMICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab POP 82h DINERO AGAIN ; Decrement the counter, sif count #0, jump to AGAIN END End of program Result: Before Execution. 9400h, 9500h 0x00 9401h 9501h 0x00 9402h 9502h 0x00 9403h, 9503h 0x00 9404h, 9504h 0x00 After execution. [sewer ssion | mn | 94008, 9500h 40th 9501h 9402h 9502h 0403h, 9503h 9404h, 9504h Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 6MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 4, Program to interchange 5 bytes of data residing at external memory locations starting from 9400h and 9500h, Program: ORG 00h START: MOV RO, #05H MOV DPTR, #94001 MOV R1, 83H MOV R2, 82H MOV DPTR, #95001 AGA PUSH 82H PUSH 83H MOVX A, @DPTR MOV R3, MOV 83H, Ri MOV 82H, R2 MOVX A, @DPTR XCH A, R3 MOVX @DPTR, A INC DPTR MOV RI, 83H MOV R2, 82H Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal ; Start of program 5 Initialize the counter + Initialize memory location 9400h Save the address in RI and R2. 5 Initialize memory location 9500h + Push the address onto the stack 3 Copy a byte of data from 9500h to surnulator sSave in R3 3 Copy a byte of data from 9400h to saccumulator 3 Exchange data byte between R3 and A 5 Increment the memory location 94x ; Save the address in R1 and R2 Page 7MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab POP 83H POP 82H MOV A, R3 MOVX @DPTR, A INC DPTR DJNZ RO, AGAIN END HICE-3111] + Retrieve the destination memory slocation address from the stack +: Copy the data byte in accumulator to :destination memory location + Increment the memory location 95x + Decrement the counter, sif count 40, jump to AGAIN ; End of program Result: Before Execution [sowie | oa | 94008, OxOL 940ih 0x02 o4o2h, 0x03 9403h, 0x04 9404h, 0x05 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Address 9500h 9501h 9502h 9503h 9504h Page 8MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab After execution. ‘94008, 9401h 9402h 9403h 9404b, Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal 95008 9501h 9502h 9503h 9504h HICE-3111]MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 2. Arithmetic Operations 1, Program to add two 16-bit numbers residing at internal memory locations. Program: LABELS M COMM! ORG 00h ; Start of program CLRC Clear carry MOV R2, #02. + Initialize the counter MOV RO, #20H + Initialize the pointer to first number MOV RI, #40H + Initialize the pointer to second. snumber MOV A, @RO ADDC A, @R1 + Perform addition with carry MOV @RO, A ; Save the result in address pointed by sO INCRO :Increment the pointer by one INCRI DJNZ R2, LOOP + Decrement count if count #0, jump tw LOOP CLRA ADDC A, #00H Perform if there is a carry MOV @RO, A ; Storing the number to next location END ; End of program Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 10MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab Result: Input: Output Number 1 = 0A85h (16 bit) Addition Result Number 2 = 1234h (16 bit) a 1CB9h HICE-3111] 2. Program to multiply a 16 bit number by an 8 bit number residing at internal memory locations. Program: :ABELS MNEUMONICS COMMENTS ORG 00H Start of program MOV RO, 30H +: Load the 8 bit number in RO MOV A, 31H 5 Load the lower byte of 16 bit number in A. MOV B, RO 3 Move the lower byte of 16 bit number to A MUL AB s Perform multiplication MOV 50H, A 3 Store the lower byte result in 50h MOV RI, B 5 Store the higher byte of result in RI MOV A, 32H 3 Load the higher byte of 16 bit snumber to A Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 11MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] MOV B, 30H 3 Move 8 bit number in to B MUL AB + Perform multiplication. MOV R2, B 5 Store the higher byle of result in R2 ADD A, RI 3 Perform addition JNC FINISH 3 Check if C=1, If not jump to SFINISH INC R2 3 IF CY =I, increment higher byte by cone. FINISH: | MOV 51H, A 3 Store the middle byte result in ST. MOV 52H, R2 3 Store the higher byte result in 52h, END End of program Result: Input: Output: Number 1=11h (8 Multiplication Result= 036542h Number 2=3322h (16 bit) 30h, 50h 3ih Sih 32h 52h Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 12MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 3. Program to find the square root of a number residing at register R3. Program: ORG 00H MOV R34 36 MOV R0,#00H MOV R1,01H CLRC MOV A, R3 SUBB A, RI MOV R3, A JNCSQR MOV A, RO MOV PO, A SUMP LOUP INCRO MOY A, RI ADD A, #02H MOV RI, A SJMP LOOPL END Result: Input: Load number 36 in R3. Ouiput: Send result (06) to PO. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal :Start of program Load decimal number 36 in R3 Clear RO Initialize with RI=1(First odd number) Load a with the number 36 ;Caleulate(36-odd number) sLoad (36-odd number) in A sCheck if C=1, If not jump to SQR sf C=1 load square root in A ;Send the square root answer to PO Loop here torever «Increment RO by 1, if 36>odd snumber and C=0 sLoad ARI Calculate next odd number Load RI with next odd number Repeat the process until C=1 End of program. Page 13MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program 1. Analyze the following code and show the results on the registers A and B after each step. ORG 00H MOV A, #30H. SJMP 100H MOV A, #401 ORG 100H MOV B, #0CFIL ANL A,B SJMP 200H ORG 200H XRL A, #0FFH SJMP 200H 2. Write an 8051 ALP to compute the number of zeros and ones in the following 8 bit-stream. 1011 1100 3. Write an 8051 ALP to add five 8-bit numbers. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 14MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 3. Code Conversion 1, Program to convert Packed BCD to ASt I numbers. Program: LABELS MNEUMONICS COMMENTS ORG 00H ;Start of program MOV A, #25 :A=25H, packed BCD MOV R2, A :Keep a copy of BCD data IN R2 ANL A, #0FH :Mask the upper nibble (A=05) ORLA, #301 :Make an ASCH, A=35H MOV R6. A Save it in R6 MOV A, R2 :A=25H, Get the original data ANL A, #0FOH Mask the lower nibble (A=20) RRA Rotate right RRA Rotate right RRA Rotate right RRA ORL A, #30H Make an ASCII, A=32H MOV R2, A Save it in R2 END +: End of program Result: Input Output Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 18MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 2. Program to form a 2’s complement number given the 7-bit magnitude and sign information separately. ORG 00H Start of program MOV PO, #00H MOV RO, #3FH ; Load RO with 3Fh MOV A,RI ‘Move assign bit to A JB ACC.0, CONV Check A for sign bit, if | branch sto CONV MOV A, RO Move the value in RO to A MOV P0, A Send 2°s complement number to. PO SJMP STOP MOV A, RO sMove magnitude in A CPLA ;Complement A. INCA Add I to A RO END ; End of program Result: Input: Assume 7-bit magnitude information is available in RO and sign bit is available in RI. Output: Send 2’s complement number to Port 0. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 16MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 3. Program to convert hexadecimal to its equivalent decimal number. Program: LABELS MNEUMONICS COMMENTS, ORG 00H ; Start of program MOV RO, #5011 MOV A, PI ; Read data from PI MOV B, #10 ; B-0AH DIV AB ; Divide by 10 MOV @RO, B Save lower digit INC RO MOV B, #10 DIV AB + Divide by 10 once more MOV @RO, B + Save the next digit INC RO MOV @RO, A ; Save the last digit END ; End of program Result: Input: Read the data from Port P1 (FEH). Output Converted data is available internal memory locations starting from 30H. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 17MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program 1, Write an 8051 ALP to convert ASCII numbers to packed BCD number. 2. Write an 8051 ALP to convert a decimal number to its equivalent hexadecimal number. 3. Write an 8051 ALP to separate an & bit 2s complement number into magnitude and sign bit. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 18MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 4. Array Handling 1, Program to find the smallest number in a given array residing at external memory locations starting from 9400h, Program: LABELS [NEMONICS COMMENTS ORG 00H ; Start of program MOV RO, #091 + Initialize the counter MOV DPTR, #9400H + Initialize the array MOVX A, @DPTR +; Get a byte of data from the array MOV RI, A ; Save the number in RI AGAIN: | INC DPTR ; Increment data pointer MOVX A, @DPTR + Get the next number MOV R2. A : Save it in R2 CLRC Clear carry flag SUBB ARI ; Subtract the firet mumber from the second number JNC OVER 5 1fCarry =0 , RI contains the smallest number MOV Ri, 02 ; If carry = 1, R2 contains the smallest number DJNZ RO, AGAIN ;feount 40 jump to AGAIN MOV DPTR, #9500H MOV A,RI MOVX @DPTR, A : Save the result END End of program Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 19MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab Result: Before Execution. After Execution: } smwcaairss [poe | 940th 9402h 9403h 9404h 9408h 94064 9407h 9408h 9409h, 9400h Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 20MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program 1. Write an 8051 ALP to find the largest number in a given array. 2. Write an 8051 ALP to sort the given array in ascending order 3. Write an 8051 ALP to sort the given array in descending order. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 21MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 5. /O Programming 1. Program to toggle all bits of Port 1 by send lay of 0.6 ms. the values 55h & AAh continuous! Puta time ORG 00H :Start of program MOV PI, #55H Send 55h to Port 1 LCALL DELAY ; Time delay MOV P1, #0AAH ;Send Ah to Port | LCALL DELAY Call time delay SJMP REPEAT + Repeat toggling DELAY: MOV RO, #0FFH : Routine for 0.6 m sec delay AGAIN: DJNZ RO, AGAIN RET sip stop END ; End of program Result: The ouput Is observed on Port 1. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 22MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 2. Program to get the x value from P1 and send x? to P2 continuously. Access the x2 values from lookup table located in the ROM space of 8051. Program: MNEUMONICS COMMENTS ORG 00H Start of program MOV DPTR, #XSQR 3 Load the look-up table caddress MOV A, PI 5 Get x value from Port | MOVC A, @A+DPTR 3 Get x squared from table MOV P2, A 3 Issue it to Port 2 SJMP BACK 3 Keep doing it ORG 100 DB 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49 DB 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225 ; End of program Result: The output is observed on Port 2 based on the status of Port 1. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 23MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 3. A washing machine is designed for voltage range of 180-240 V. If the voltage is above 240V or below 180V, the washing machine will shut down by turning off a relay connected to 1.0. Assume that the voltage can be read at Port 0 in the range 0-25SV. Write a program to LABELS MNEUMONICS COMMENTS ORG 00H Start of program SIMP 10H Jump to location 100H. ORG 100H INPUT: ] MOV P0, #0FFH ‘Configure PO as input port MOV A, PO ‘Input the voltage value to A SUBB A, #180 A=A-180 JC OFF ZaU SJMP_INPU Voltage in range check the ‘nput again CLRELO sTurn off the relay SJMP INPUT Check the input voltage again ; End of program Result: The output is observed on Port 1. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 24MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program 1. Write a program generate an 8 bit BCD up counter counting from 00h to 99h. Store the result in memory location starting from 9400h. Introduce a time delay of 0.8 ms between ‘h count. 2. Generate the following waveform on P1.3. 3. Generate two square waves — one of 2KHz frequency at pin P1.3 and another of frequency 4KHz at pin P: Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 25MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 6. LED and Toggle Switch Interface |. Program to blink LEDs using ARM LPC 2148. Line# Program Comments 1 #include 2 void DELAY (unsigned long VALUE); 3 unsigned char A = 0x01; 4 int main) 5 t 6 JOODIR = 0,000000FF; /* Port0 00-07 as output*/ 7 while(1) /* Infinite loop */ 8 t 9 IO0SET |= A; 7 Port 00-07 High*/ 10 DELAY(1000000); i TOOCLR |= A; # Port0) 00.07 Low! 2 As<=1; 13 if(A=0500) A=0x01; 4 DELAY(1000000); 15 : 16 } 7 void DELAY (unsigned long VALUE) 18 t 19 while(VALUE>0) Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 26MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 20 t 2 VALUE-; 2 } B } Circuit Configuration: 3300) P00 7 18 ky ULN2803 330 PO.7 8 u kK] 9 10 ARM LPC 2148 10% Pod sl) 10k P02 Li lo Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 27MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 2. Program to read the status of toggle switch using ARM LPC 2148. Line# Program Comments 1 #include 2 int main, 3 t 4 int temp ~ 05 5 TOODIR = 0x000000FF; /* Port0 00-07 as output*/ 6 while(1) /* Infinite loop */ 7 t 8 temp = IOOPIN 9 temp = temp>>16; 10 TOSETO = temp; i TOCLRO =~temp; 2 } 1B } Result: Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 28MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program I. Generate an asymmetrical square wave at the lowest four pins of LPC2148. Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 29MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 7. DC MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM 1. Program to control the direction and speed of the DC motor using ARM LPC 2148. Line# Program. Comments 1 #include 2 3 #define 01 0X00E00000 4 #define 02 0X00D00000 5 #define 03 0X00B00000 6 #define 04 0X00700000 7 8 define 11 0x000E0000 9 f#define 12 0x000D0000 10 #define 13 0x000B0000 i #define 14 0x00070000 2 B Hacfine CLR 0x00F 00000 4 15 unsigned int PWMI = 0x00000001; f PWMI 16 unsigned int PWM2 = 0x00000080; y PWM2 7 unsigned int ENBL = 0x00000002; u ENABLE 18 19 char scan (int); Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 30MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 20 void delay(int); 2 2 int main(void) B t or IOODIR = OXO0F 00083; 25 while(1) 26 t 7 JOOSET |= ENBL; 28 IOOCLR = CLR; 29 30 31 while(sean(11)) dW 32 { 33 1O0SET |= PWM1; 34 IOOCLR |= PWM2; 35 } 36 37 while(scan({I2)) aw 38 { 39 TOOCLR |= PWM2; 40 TOOSET |= PWMI; at delay(15); Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal si HICE-3111] Page 31MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 2 JOOCLR [= PWM; B delay(5); 44 4 45 46 IOOCLR = CLR; 47 IOOSET = 02; 48 49 while(sean(I1)) 4 50 { 5 IOOSET |= PWM2; 52 IOOCLR |= PWMI; 53 } 54 55 while(sean(12)) i 56 t 37 TOOCLR |= PWM2: 58 TOOSET |= PWMI; 9 delay(10); 60 IOOCLR |= PWM1; 61 delay(10); a ) 6 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal s2 S6 HICE-3111] Page 32MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 64 IOOCLR = CLR; 65 IOOSET = 03; 66 67 while(scan(12)) 4 87 68 { 0 TOOCLR [= PWM2; 0 JOOSET |= PWM; 1 delay(5); n IOOCLR |= PWM; B delay(15); ™ } 8 } 16 } ” B char scan(int keystatus) /* scanning a key*/ 9 cl 80 (IOOPIN & 0X000F0000)==keystatus) sl t 2 return(1); 83 ) 4 return(0); 85 ) Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 33MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 86, 87 id delay(int n) /* generates one millisecond delay */ 88 t 89. a1 for(§=0; j<=10000; j++); 92 } Circuit Configuration: Cloctowise rotation anticlockwise rotation Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 34MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] vee PO. 1 8/16 P00 2 3 Por 7 1293p (n) — 413 5/12 s vec ARM LPC 2148 2, VT ark PO.20 tate PO.21 15) WU AT) <3, ¥ Y me 16) 12, ¥ 4 PO.23 PO.18 0.17 }}#$————————~ P0.16 }$ Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 35MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 2. Program to understand Matrix Keyboard interface to ARM LPC 2148, Line # Program Comments 1 #include 2 3 #define O1 OX00E00000. 4 #define 02 0X00D00000 5 #define 03 OX0OB00000 6 #define 04 0X00700000 7 8 #define 11 0x000E0000 9 ‘#define 12 0x000D0000 10 define 13 0x000B0000 i ‘#define 14 0x00070000 R B #define CLR 0x00F00000, 4 1s char scan (int); 16 void delay(int); 17 18 int main(void) 19 20 { Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] Page 36MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab a 2 B m4 25 26 7 28 29 30 31 32 33 ery 35 26 37 38. 39, 40 41 a looiR = )XOOFOFFFF: while(1) { IOOCLR = CLR, IOOSET = O1; delay(10); iffscan(I1))IOOSET = 000000001; iffscan(12) IOOSET = 0x00000010; iffscan(13))IOOSET = 0x00000100; iffscan(14))IOOSET = 0x00001000; IOOCLR = CLR, IOOSET = 02; if{scan(11) )IOOSET = 0x00000002; if{scan(12))IOOSET = 0x00000020; iffscan(13))IOOSET = 0x00000200; if{eean(14))OOSET ~ 000002000; IOOCLR = CLR; IOOSET = 03; if{sean(11))100SET = 0x00000004; iffscan(12))IOOSET = 0x00000040; iffscan(13)IOOSET = 0x00000400; if{scan(I4))IOOSET = 000004000; Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal wu W W Ww W " ” W W W W HICE-3111] sl ss so S13 s2 S6 s10 su S3 ST sil sis Page 37MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 4B IOOCLR = CLR: 4 IOOSET = 04; 45 iff'scan(11))IOOSET = 000000008; 46 iflscan(12))IOOSET = 000000080; a7 ifl'scan(13))IOOSET = 000000800; 48 iffscan(14))]O0SET = 0x00008000; 49 ) 50 } sl 52 char scan(int keystatus) 33 { 54 while(IOOPIN & 0X000F0000) 55 { 56 delay(50); 37 if(1OOPIN & 0X000F0000)==0X000F0000)retumn(I);, 58 ) 59 return(0) ; 60 } 61 2 void delay(int n) Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] Ho 84 i SS Wo Siz Hl $16 /*scanningaakey */ generates one millisecond delay */ Page 38MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] “8 { 64 int is 65 for (i=1; i<=n; i++) 66 for(§H0; j<=10000; j++); 07 } Dept. of l&CE, MIT, Manipal Page 39MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program a program to rotate the DC motor for vai switches $10, S11, and S12 are pressed. ble speed using LPC2148, when Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 40MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 8. STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM 1. Program to control the direction and speed of the stepper motor using ARM LPC 2148. Line# Program ‘Comments 1 #include 2 3 #define 01 0X00E00000 4 #define 02 0X00D00000 5 #define 03 0X00B00000 6 #aefime O4 0X00700000 7 8 #define 11 0x000E0000 9 #define 12.0x000D0000 10 #define 13 0x000B0000 n define 14 0500070000 2 B #define CLR 0x00F 00000 M4 unsigned char CLOCK[4] = {0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01}; 15 unsigned char ANTI_CLOCK(4] = {0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08}; 16 7 char seam (int); 18 void delay(int); 19 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 41MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 20 int main(void) 2 t 2 TOODIR = OXOOFO0O) B while(1) or { 25 unsigned char I; 26 IOOCLR = CLR; 7 IO0SET= 01; 28 while(scan(11)) u 29 { 30 for(I=0;1<4;1++) 31 t 32 JOOSET |= CLOCK]; 33 JOOCLR |= ~CLOCK I]; 34 delay(5); 35 } 36 } 37 while(scan({2)) aw 38 { 39 40 t at IO0SET |= CLOCK]; Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal sl ss HICE-3111] Page 42MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 2 43 45 46 47 48 49 50. 31 52 33 58 56 7 58 61 02 68 TOOCLR [= ~CLOCK {I}; delay(10); } } IOOCLR = CLR; IOOSET = 02; while(sean(1)) av { for(I=0;1<4;1++) { IOOSET |= ANTI_CLOCKII; TOOCLR | ~ANTI_CLOCK [I]; delay(S); } ) while(scan(12)) HW { TOOSET |= CLOCK[I]; IOOCLR |= ~CLOCK[I]; delay(S0); Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal s2 S6 HICE-3111] Page 43MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 65 } 66 1OOCLR = CLR; or IO0SET = 03; 68 while(scan(12)) 4 87 0 { 70 for(I=0;1<431+) 7 { n IOOSET |= CLOCK{I]; B TOOCLR [= ~CLOCK{N]; "4 delay(90); 5 } 16 ) 1 } B } 9 80 char scanint keystatus) /* scanning aa key 81 t 82 while((IOOPIN & 0X000F0000)==keystatus) 83 t 84 return(1); Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] 4 Page 44MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 85 } 86 return(0); 87 } 88 89 void delay(int n) /* generates one millisecond delay */ a1 int ijs 92 for (G=15 i=; i++) 93 for(j=0; j<=10000; j++); Resul Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 45MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab Circuit Configuration: HICE-3111] P0.0 T 7 ~E+ «30 Pu2 3 ULN 2803 15 4 P03 1B vec 47k: ARM LPC 2148 13 9, 1F ak Pozo 14] tol 6] 2. Po2t TRGES onl is) 2 8 V4 0.23 Lt P0.19}}-——4 Po.18 #1 P0.17}¢-————+ Po,16 }# | 4-Step Sequence: Step # Winding A Winding B Winding C Winding D T 7 7 a 7 2 7 7 7 a 3 7 7 7 a 4 7 7 a 7 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 46MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program 1. Write a program to rotate the stepper motor clockwise and anticlockwise 90 degree when switches $8 and $9 are pressed respectively. 2, Write a program to rotate the stepper motor clockwise 135 degree when switch S12 is pressed . Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 47MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 9. WAVEFORM GENERATION 1 Program to generate different waveforms by pressing various keys using ARM LPC 2148. Line # Program ‘Comments 1 Hinclude 2 3 Hdefine O1 0X00E00000 4 Hdefine 02 0X00D00000 5 Adefine 03 0X00B00000 6 define 04 0X00700000 1 8 define 11 0x000E0000 9 Adefine 12 0x000D0000 10 define 13 0x000B0000 u define 14 0x00070000 2 1B define CLR 0x00F00000 4 1s char scan (int); 16 void DELAY (int); 7 18 int main(void) 19 { Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 48MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 20 ” 2B m4 25 26 30 unsigned char table{180] = {128,132,136,141,154,150,154,158,163,167,171,175,18, 0,184,188,192,195,199,203,206,210,213,216,220,223,22 6,228,231,234,236,238,241,243,244,246,247,248,249,25 (0,251,252,253,254,255,255,255,255,255,254,254,253,25 2,281,249,246,244,243,241,238,236,234,231,228,226,22 3,220,216,213,210,206,203,199,195,192,188,184,180,17 5,171,167,163,158,154,150,145,141,136,132,128,123,11 9,114,110,105,101,97,92,88,84,80,75,71,67,64,60,56,52, 49,45 42,39,35,32,29,27,24,21,19,17,14,12,11,9,7,6,4,3, 2,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,2,3,4,6,7,9,11,12,14,17,19,21,24 527,29,32,35,39,42,45,49,52,56,60,64,67,71,75,80,84,88, 92,97,101,105,110,114,119,123,128}; IOODIR = OXOOFOFFO0; while(t) t TOOCLR = CLR; IO0SET = 01; while(sean(I1)) { unsigned char I; unsigned int SINE,A; for (I=0;1<1805 +4) Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] H!S1 SINE WAVE. Page 49MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] a t 2 DELAY (5); 33 SINE = (table{t)); 34 for(A=0;A0;5--) 60 t 61 DELAY (2); e TRI=J; 6 for(B-0;B-8;B+4) 64 t 65 TRI=TRI<<1; 66 } 67 IOOSET [= TRI: 68 TOOCLR |= ~TRI; co } 10 } 1 TOOCLR = CLR; n IO0SET = 03; B while(sean(11)) S3. SQUARE WAVE Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page StMICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab "a 5 16 7 8 9 85 86 87 88 89 90 a1 IOOSET |= 0x0000F F00; DELAY (500); TOOCLR |= 0x0000FF00; DELAY (500); } 3 char scan(int keystatus) / scanning aa key { while((IOOPIN & 0X000F0000)—keystatus) { return(1); 5 return(0); 3 void DELAY (int n) generates milisecond delay */ { int i,j Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] Page S2MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 98 for (i=13 i 2 3 unsigned int srek = 0x00000002; 4 unsigned int rek = 0x00000001; 5 unsigned int ser = 0x00000004; 6 7 id delay int); 8 void convert_display(unsigned char); 9 void Clear (void); 10 int display(unsigned char); u unsigned char disp{10] = {0x40,Oxcf,0xa4,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x18,0x00,0x10}; 2 ‘unsigned char count = 0; 13 4 15 { 16 TOODIR |= 0x00000007; 7 Clear()s 18 while(1) Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 56MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 19 20 2 B m4 25 26 28 29 30 31 33 4 38 36 37 38, 39 convert_display(count); count++; delay(100); Clears 3 3 void Clear (void) { unsigned int x5 for (x-O5x-6:x+) { display(OxFF); void delay(int n) generates millisecond delay */ Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] Page $7MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 40 41 2 B 45 46 47 48 49 53 54 55 56 59 60 61 for(j=0; j<=10000; j++); int display(unsigned char value) { char m; int buffer; buffer = value; For(m=0;m<83m++) { if(buffer&0x80) IOOSET |= ser; else TOOCLR [= sers IOOSET |= srek; buffer<<=1; TOOCLR [= seeks y IO0SET TOOCLR ek; return 0; Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] Page 58MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab 0 63 65 66 67 68 69 70 1 n B Result: void convert display(unsigned char value) unsigned char x, dl, d2, d3; x= value / 105 d1 = value % 10; d2=x% 10; d3=x/105 display(disp[d3]); display(displa2))s display(displat)s return; Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal HICE-3111] HW divide by 10 W save low digit (reminder of division) divide by 10 once ‘more Page 59MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] Exercise Program |. _ Write a program to display pressed key on LED disp] Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 60MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] ~PADAARYN 10. ll. 12. 13. 15. 16, 17. 18. 19, 20. 21 a 2 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Viva Questions Answer the following: i) — Onenibble = bits ii) One byte bits iii) How many K is 1 giga? . Convert decimal numbers to hex numbers. Perform addition of hex numbers. . Give the example for microcontrollers and microprocessors. . The 8081 is an -bit microcontroller. . List the features of 8051. . Name any three 16-bit microcontrollers. . What are PSW and SFRs? What is simulator/debugger? What are 8051 data types and directives? What is the size of SP register? . SP is incremented by 1 for each operation. . On power-up , The 8051 uses, bank. 14. List the 16 -bit registers in the 8051. What are the four fields of assembly language instructions? MOV A, #40 h requires bytes What is machine cycle for 8051? What is delay? Why do we need it? In what ways instructions LIMP and SJMP are different? Why do we need subroutines? What is the difference between RET and RET! instructions? How many ports are available in 8051? Which 8051 ports need pull-up resistors to function as an /O ports? Write simple instruction to send 99h to ports P1 and P2. Which pins of port 3 cater to interrupts? Port 2 is also designated as of 8051. List the addressing modes provided by 8051 with examples. What is done by the following instructions? MOV A, PI JB ACC.1, HERE Is following instruction valid? MOVC, A Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 61MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Lab HICE-3111] 30. a 32. 3. & 35. 36, 37. 38. 39, 4 s 4 46. 47. 48. 49, 50. uy. (1. GB] What is the difference between the operations of a timer and a counter? What is the use of TMOD register? . What is the difference between mode | and mode 2 operations of timer? 33. What is the address of TCON register? Distinguish between half duplex and full duplex mode of communication with an example. What is the function of MAX 232 chip? State the most important signals of RS232. . What is baud rate? What is the roll of SBUF in serial communication? Show the interrupt vector table for the 8051. . What is ARM7TDMI. 41. 42. 43. 44, List the features of ARM microcontroller. ARM has registers each of which is, bit long. What is the difference between little endian and big endian format. What is done by the following instruction of the ARM? MYN RO, R9 . What are the types of the stacks available in ARM? List any three features of LPC2148 What is the use of PWM unit? Whaat is the difference between CCLK and PCLK? How to set up the communication between PC and microcontroller? How does the prescaler in time unit function? References Mazidi M. A. & J. G. Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and embedded systems, Pearson. 2002 LPC21XX User Manual. 2007 Ramani Kalpathi Microcontrollers & Applications, Sanguine Technical Publishers, 2008 Dept. of ICE, MIT, Manipal Page 62