6

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Ratio and Proportion

Mathematics– Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Ratio and Proportion
First Edition, 2020
 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials
trademarks, etc.) included in
effort has been exerted to
respective copyright owners.
over them.
(i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author:
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –

Office Address: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________
Telefax: ____________________________________________ E-mail Address:
____________________________________________

6
 Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Ratio and Proportion

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Ratio and
Proportion!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:
 Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 6 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Ratio and
Proportion!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you
already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson
with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in
various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
 or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims
to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify

your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in

achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you

to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to
answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the
module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5.
Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 4

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
understand the concept of ratio and proportion. The scope of this module allows you to
use it in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes your diverse
vocabulary level.

The module contains lesson on defining and illustrating the meaning of ratio and
proportion using concrete or pictorial models.

After going through this module, you are expected to define and illustrate the
meaning of ratio and proportion using concrete or pictorial models. (M6NS-IIb-
131)

What I Know
 Write the ratio and proportion shown in the following illustrations. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.

1)
=

2)

4)
=

3)

=
=

6
5)
=

6) 7)
=
 =

8) 9)

10) =

Lesso Defining and Illustrating

n 1 the Meaning of Ratio and
Proportion Using
Concrete or Pictorial
Models

In life, we cannot do away with comparing quantity of things between each other. A lot
of what we do involve comparison. Since you are already aware that ratio can be
expressed as fraction, you will be moving forward to learn more about ratio and
proportion.
 What’s In

Fill in the table by writing the ratios in fraction form. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.

No. Ratio Fraction Form

Ex 27 bananas to 135 fruits ����

. ������
1) 6:9

2) 18 : 47

3) 5 km to 60 min

4) 132 pencils to 12 boxes

5) 3 flowers to 1 vase

What’s New
The day is so hot and mother is preparing mango shake for the family. She uses 2
ripe mangoes to make 5 glasses of mango shake. If she has 4 mangoes, how
many glasses of mango shake will she make? Do you think the taste will still be
the same? Why or why not?

8
What is It

Let us illustrate the problem.

 Mother uses 2 mangoes to make 5 glasses of So if she will use 4 mangoes she will be making
mango shake. So the ratio of mangoes to 10 glasses of mango shake.
glasses can be expressed in three ways as
shown below: So the ratio of mangoes to glasses is: • 4 to

10 word form or
• 2 to 5 word form ��
• 4 : 10 colon form or • ����
• 2 : 5 colon form fraction form
•���� fraction form

A) and third terms are called the means.)

1st term 2nd term 3rd term 4th term

20

2 : 5 = 4 : 10
extremes
20

2 : 5 = 4 : 10

means
To find out if the taste will still be the same, let us
determine whether the two ratios are proportion.
B)
Method 1: Product of Means and Extremes
(In a proportion composed of two ratios, the first and
fourth terms are called extremes while the second
 • First, get the product of the means
and the product of the extremes.
2 x 10 = 20 (extremes)
5 x 4 = 20 (means)
20 = 20
Since the products of the means and the product
of the extremes are equal, therefore the two
ratios are proportion.

• Next, compare if the products of the

means and the extremes are equal.
Method 2: Cross Product

• Multiply diagonally the two ❖ Therefore mother’s mango

�� fractions, such as 2 multiplied by shake tastes the same.
10, and 4 multiplied by 5 and
�� vice versa.
�� ���� 2 x 10 = 20 or 10 x 2 = 20
4 x 5 = 20 or 5 x 4 = 20
?
= • Compare their products.
20 20 20 = 20
Since the cross products are equal,
we can conclude that the ratios
written in fraction form are equal.

10
Here are other examples you can study at.

Write the ratio and proportion for the following.

1) 6 eggs to 2 tomatoes equals 24 eggs to 8 tomatoes

Answer:

6 : 2 = 24 : 8

2)

Answer:

1:3=3:9

What’s More

In column A are numbers showing ratios and proportions while in column B are its
illustrations. Match column A with Column B. Write the letter of your answers on your
 answer sheet.

AB

1) 5 : 2 : 8 a.
=

11

2) 3 : 4 = 9 : 12 b. 3) 1 : 2 : 3 = 2 : 4 : 6 c.

::
4) 8 : 10 = 4 : 5 d.

: 5) 7 : 3 e.

=
=

What I Have Learned

❖ Ratio is a comparison between two or more quantities which can be
written in word form, colon form, and fraction form.
❖ A proportion is formed when two or more ratios are equal. •
Each value in a proportion is called a term.
• The first and the last terms are called extremes while the second and
third terms are called means.
• The product of the means and the product of the extremes are
equal in a proportion.
• Cross products of equal ratios in a proportion are equal.
 12

What I Can Do

Read the following situations below. Answer the questions using ratio and
proportion. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

1) In a relief operation for the affected families during the community lockdown,
each family receives 50 kilograms of rice. If there are 1567 families in a
barangay, how many kilograms of rice are given away?
2) A basket contains 3 avocados, 2 melons and 10 bananas. What is the
proportion of the fruits if there are 5 baskets having the same number of
fruits of each kind?
3) Tiyo Roding is practicing intercrop in his vegetable farm. For every 5 okra
seedlings he plants, he is planting 2 eggplants. How many eggplants can be
planted if he has 250 okra seedlings?
4) A recipe that will make 5 mango pies calls for 11 cups of flour. Write a
proportion and solve it to find how many mango pies can be made with 33
cups of flour.
5) Forty-eight kilograms of mangoes cost Php 3 360.00. How much
does each kilogram of mangoes cost?

Assessment

The following are given ratios. In your answer sheet, illustrate and prove if these are
proportion or not using any of the methods learned. Write YES if it is a proportion
and NO if otherwise.

1) 8 : 9 and 2 : 18 6) 6 kg rice to 2 cans of sardines and 2) 30 : 5 and 15 : 3 3 kg rice to

1 9
1 can of sardines 3) 12 : 9 and 24 : 18 7) 5 and 45

4) 11 :7 and 44 : 27 8) 22 to 11 and 4 to 2

5) 25 eggs to 3 hens and 9) 13 to 17 and 23 to 27 75 eggs to 9 hens 10)

14 to 19 and 4 to 9

13

Additional Activities

A. In column A are ratio and proportions in colon form while in column B are ratio
and proportions in fraction form. Match column A with Column B. Write the letter of
your answers on your answer sheet.
AB

3 9
1) 2 : 3 = 8 : 12 a) 7= 21

1 5
2) 8 : 4 = 2 : 1 b) 4= 20

2 8
3) 14 : 8 = 7 : 4 c) 3= 12

14 7
4) 1 : 4 = 5 : 20 d) 8= 4

8 2
5) 3 : 7 = 9 : 21 e) 4= 1

B. Read and understand each situation then answer what is asked. 1) Alvin and
Marvin sell guavas. For every 3 kilos that Alvin sells, Marvin sells 7 kilos.
How many kilos will Marvin sell if Alvin sells 27 kilos?

2) Mother pays Php 435.00 for 5 watermelons of the same sizes. How much is
the unit cost of the watermelons?

3) Grandma prepares fruit salad. She uses 2 apples, 6 bananas, 1 mango, 3

avocados and a can of fruit cocktail. What is the proportion of the fruits she will
be using if she doubles the amount of her fruit salad?

4) This rainy days, a dry goods store sells an average of 72 umbrellas in a

week time. How many umbrellas can be sold in 2 months?

5) 468 individuals can be catered by 9 buses. How many individuals can 2

buses cater?

14

Answer Key
 What I Know What’s More Additional Activities

1) 4 : 3 = 8 : 6 1) d A. 1) c
2) 1 : 2 = 3 : 6 2) a
3) 4 : 5 = 2 : 3 3) e 2) e
4) 12 : 6 = 4 : 2 4) c
5) 3 : 1 = 9 : 3 5) b 3) d
6) 2 : 5 = 6 : 15
7) 2 : 8 = 1 : 4 4) b
8) 1 : 2 = 4 : 8 What I Can Do
9) 4 : 5 = 8 : 10 5) a
10) 5 : 3 = 12 : 9 1) 1 : 50 = 1 567 : 78 350
2) 3 : 2 : 10 = 15 : 10 : 50
3) 5 : 2 = 250 : 100
B. 1) 63 kilos
What’s In 4) 5 : 11 = 15 : 33
5) 48 : 3360 = 1 : 70
2) Php 87.00
1) 69
3) 2 : 6 : 1 : 3 : 1 =
2) 18 Assessment
4 : 12 : 2 : 6 : 2
47
1) NO
5 4) 576 umbrellas
3) 60 2) NO
3) YES
4) 132 5) 104 individuals
4) NO
12
5) YES
6) YES
5) 31
7) YES
8) YES
9) NO
10) NO

Reference
DepEd Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in Mathematics for Grade 6

15
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education –(Bureau/Office)

(Office Address)

Telefax:
Email Address:

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

16