UNIVERSAL COLLEGE OF PARANAQUE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND LOTO

RATING

SUBMITTED BY

2015-10142 GENEROSO, FRANZ ANFERNEE F.

SUBMITTED TO

ENGR. AKIRA Q. NAKAEGAWA

MAY 13, 2021

INSTRUCTION

1. When you are on a Construction Job Site, how effective are the PPE's when being
worn? Give at least 5 examples for 5 different PPEs.

Site construction involves vigorous activities such as concreting, wood and steel
constructions, excavations, carpentry, plumbing works, electrical and operating construction
vehicle equipment. These activities are usually prone to accidents, risks and maybe hazard
to the lives of the workers involved in a construction project. When entering the site, wearing
the Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) is a must and should be strictly observed at all
times during the course of work. This is to avoid hazards caused by physical, mechanical and
chemical aspects to ensure the safety of individual working in the construction environment.
Therefore, the employer shall be responsible to provide the adequacy of the Personal
Protective Equipments or PPEs including the proper maintenance and sanitation of such
equipment. The employer shall instruct each worker on how to use the PPE’s properly to
avoid possible risk or unsafe condition and to eliminate any hazards or other exposure to
illness or injuries.

Here are the lists of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Construction that every
construction personnel should observe:

A. Head Protection
In construction site, there is a higher chance of possible head injury due to falling debris
from above. It must be worn and fit properly before entering the work site and it should be
worn at all times.
Example:
1. Hard Hat
2. Construction Face Shield
3. Biological Splash Shield
4. Helmet with mounted ear defenders
B. Leg and Foot Protection
Safety shoes should be worn by all of the construction personnel at the worksite to protect
their feet for possible injuries. The safety shoes to be used according to potential hazards
and nature of work. It shall comply with the safety standard and specification.
Example:
1. Safety Shoes
2. Construction Knee Pads
3. Construction Safety Boots
4. Chemical Resistant Boots.
5. Aluminum Toe Boots.
C. Body Protection
Every construction personnel should wear adequate and suitable protective clothing to
protect them from possible hazard due to weather changes, electricity, impacts, and other
risks. There is also a reflected vest that is used to see workers in an obscured condition
when there is low light and poor visibility, especially if you are working around moving
vehicles.
Example:
1. Reflective Vest.
2. Welding Coat
3. Cold Weather Coveralls
4. Full Body Harness
5. Tyvek Suits
D. Eyes and Face Protections
Construction employees shall be provided with eye and face protection equipment when
their job had a potential risk of exposing the eyes and face from hazard. Most probably they
are the machines operators, welder, bar bender etc. Those workers whose vision requires
protected by eyeglasses with protected lenses, goggles that can be worn without disturbing
their work activity.
Example:
1. Safety Goggles
2. Welders Helmet
3. Dust Goggles
4. Fluid Resistant Shields
5. Laser Eyewear.
E. Hand Protection
All personnel handling rough, sharp and excessive coarse material such as reinforcement
bars, rods, pre-cast concrete, toxic, electric and hot materials shall be protected by safety
gloves. Gloves can be made of rubber and leather that protect against possible injuries
when handling materials and chemicals. Gloves must be inspected before use, and
reusable gloves must be cleaned and inspected after use.
Example:
1. Safety Hand Gloves
2. Construction Work Gloves
3. Cut Resistant Gloves
4. Insulated Rubber Gloves
5. Aluminized Gloves
2. Name at least 3 common places where Lock-out Tag-Outs are being used and
explain why they have to be placed at these areas.
A. Lock-Out and Tag-Out Procedure for Electrical Panels
✓ Locks, Tags and other mechanism are placed in Energy Isolation Devices such as
electrical switch boxes and valves the lock-outs steps shuts off or isolates the machine
source of energy. Tagging the machines tells other people the type of work is being
performed on the machine. Situations where LOTO procedure should be used
including the repairing circuits, cleaning and oiling machinery parts, rebuilding
equipment, and performing machines setups.
B. Lock-Out and Tag-Out Procedure for Industrial Machinery
✓ Locking robot arms, movable saw blades, crushing parts, and anything else that
moves is a good way to reduce any risk from mechanical energy. It is important to
ensure things don't move unexpectedly and prevent mechanical energy from being
released inadvertently from a bump or other event. By doing the LOTO procedure must
be performed repairing and maintaining the mechanical equipment, cleaning and re-
oiling the machinery, and rebuilding the equipment.
C. Lock-Out and Tag-Out Procedure for Hydraulic Systems.
✓ If a machine uses hydraulic energy of any type, methods such as lockable or monitored
isolation valves are common ways to isolate hydraulic energy. A part of the lockout
tagout procedure should involve checking to ensure the energy has been released
before working on the machine. It is not acceptable to enter a potentially dangerous
area when there is energy like this built up, even if it is not likely to be released.
References
CCOHS. (2016, July 20). OSH Answers Fact Sheets: LOTO. Retrieved from Canadian Centre for Occupational
Safety: https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/prevention/ppe/high_visibility.html

Daniels Insurance Inc. (2018, May 10). The Importance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Retrieved from
Daniels Insurance Inc.: https://www.danielsinsuranceinc.com/the-importance-of-personal-protective-
equipment-
ppe/#:~:text=Accidents%20are%20extremely%20prominent%20in,reduces%20employee%20exposure%
20to%20hazards.

Freimuth, J. E. (2016, February 19). Lockout of hydraulic systems can save your life. Retrieved from Mobile
Hydraulic Tips: https://www.mobilehydraulictips.com/lockout-hydraulic-systems-can-save-life/

Macpherson, S. (2021). The Importance of PPE in the Building Industry. Retrieved from The Checker.Net:
https://www.thechecker.net/stories/blog/the-importance-of-ppe-in-construction

RODRIGUEZ, J. (2019, Septermber 23). Electrical Equipment Lockout/Tagout – LOTO Procedure. Retrieved from
The balance small business: https://www.thebalancesmb.com/lockout-tagout-procedure-loto-
procedure-844754

Safety Skills. (2021, May 2). PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) BASICS FOR CONSTRUCTION. Retrieved
from Safety Skills Inc.: https://safetyskills.com/ppe-construction/

Tarlengco, J. (2021, January 25). PPE. Retrieved from Safety Culture: https://safetyculture.com/topics/ppe-
safety/