Starting in the mid-1990s with Oracle Web-Server and Oracle Application Server, Application Server has evolved into an extremely sophisticated system of interrelated all of which can be configured according to client specifications. There are two ways to vi architecture of Oracle Applications - a design level and from a functional level. Both are! on a multi-tiered model. The Multi-Tiered Model As Oracle products evolved into a multi-tiered architecture, we started to see Oracle products reside at several tiers, or layers, that represent hardware layers, with each tier made up of one or more servers. Because of the flexibility of Application Server 10g, Oracle shops can adopt a two-tiered, three-tiered, or four-tiered model. As a general rule, the larger the system, the more levels and more servers there will be at each level. Application Server 10g components reside at each of these layers in a four-tiered architecture.What is a Server? A server is primarily a program that runs on a machine, providing a particular and specific: other machines connected to the machine on which itis found. Nowadays, server functionality has become so rich, complex and varied in nature that there are’ very powerful computers dedicated to being exclusively servers. Generally speaking, a server is a machine with a specific set of programs that offer different types 0 service, which other machines (then called clients) request to do certain tasks. For example, a file server is a machine which keeps files, and allows clients to upload and download them from it. A web server is a machine that hosts web sites and allows Intemet users (clients) to access these web sites by HTTP requests. A mail server is a machine which, along with the storage and management of email messages, provides service to email users who can read, retrieve, and manage these emails messagesBefore getting started Tiers and Nodes Tier is a logical grouping of services, may be on single machine or spread across more than one physical machine. For Example, Middle Tier in Oracle apps consist Form, Web, Report... Services. Forms & Report can be one machine 1 & Web Server can be on machine 2, still they will be part of same tier called as Application Tier or Middle Tier. Anode is a logical set of processes running on one hardware machine. Each tier may consist of one or more nodes and each node can potentially have more than one tier. Service Aservice is a functional set of Oracle E-Business Suite application processes running on one or more nodes. Where applicable, the term ‘service ' is replacing the more traditional term of ‘server.Oracle Applications 11i Tiers : High Level Oracle Application Server components reside at each of these layers: Desktop Tier Application Tier [ Web Layer that] contains Oracle HTTP Server and Web Cache | TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES . comaMulti-Node Architecture We can configure multiple application node machines working with a single E-Business Suite database node. This creation of a "multi-node” E-Business Suite instance is frequently done to lower cost of ownership (many small machines are cheaper than one big one), increase fault tolerance (one machine fails, others do not), or scale the instance (support more users and a greater load). ST eMC oly Loe ena INRe ele eget ieee) Ded ae stern rcs) ~ App tier servers on one or more Ercee oi tear} ens eee on] SteSingle Node fede Caio Single Server - Single Node ele Cee ey Clas A eae ac Ra Pee enc fee Pare iow RaeTwo Nodes Two Server - Dual Node App Tier Server Le) eae Co ee ee ees Mee ue ag [eke See ag ee eee ee or Tg tere Ro ag Dee [oe | APPL_TOPTwo Nodes — Shared APPL_TOP foe App Tier Server [>] aol ia 1g sma is Lu ey cand Cececrary Web Browser ee ae eee eae APPL_TOP~— HTML for newer self-service applications — Java applet for forms-based applications Applet ~ Forms client applet ~ Requires JVM to run inside browser ~ Oracle JVM implemented as browser plug-in + Jinitiator * Must have specific plug-in/JRE version Configured at installation or through patchingApplication Tier * Multiple servers —Web Server + Based on Apache — Forms server —Concurrent Processing server — Reports server —Admin server ~ Discoverer server * optionalApplication Tier Servers + Web server —Must be running to serve + Web-based self-service applications * Oracle Applications login screen (web page) + Forms server —Must be running to serve forms-based applications » Reports server — Handles user requests for reports — Retrieves data from db and formats report ~— Sends report output to client browserApplication Tier Servers * Concurrent Processing server ~Batch processing —Process long running queries in background Schedule jobs * Work shifts + Conflict resolution Concurrent requests » Execute concurrent programs + Executed by concurrent managers Types of Concurrent Managers Internal Concurrent Manager Controls all other concurrent managers Standard Concurrent Manager Process most concurrent requests TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICESApplication Tier Servers » Admin server —Not really a server ~ Collection of Applications DBA tools - Hence the AD in the names of the utilities Adadmin » Set maintenance mode required for patching » Recompile applications database schemas Adpatch « Apply applications patches Adconfig - Apply configuration changes to multiple pDatabase Agiven Oracle database can store the objects associated witha single installation of the Oracle E-Business Suite. Generally, product data objects are stored in the associated product schemas, whereas product code objects are stored in the APPS schema (standard solutions) or Custom Schemas (customizations). G Each Oracle E-Business Suite product has a default Oracle user ID, with the product abbreviation as both the schema name and password. O A product's schema determines the ownership of the product’s data o such as sequences, tables, and indexes. Q The APPS schema has access to the complete Oracle E- model. It is analogous to the SYSTEM schema,ications Database AP AP tables AP indexes Cease acid ees eee cy ALR sequences eRe iLoF re) ol AD indexes BT mee ae re ee) fe Ad Cad Con GL procedures INV procedures AP procedures CCD es a cel ekApplications File Structure ‘An Oracle Applications Release 11/ system utilizes components from many Oracle products. files are stored below a number of key top-level directories on the database and application server machines. Depending on how you chose to install Applications, these product diractories may be’ a single machine (the simplest case) or on multiple machines (the most common type of deployment), Operating system environment settings indicate the location of the various files in the file systems of the database and application server machines, 4 >The DATA or DATA_TOP directory is located on the database server machine, and contains the system tablespaces, redo log files, data tablespaces, index tablespaces, and database files. >The DB directory is located on the database server machine, and contains the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle9i database. >The APPL or APPL_TOP directory contains the product directories and files for Oracle Applications (this will include the standard module and custom module tops). >The ORA directory contains the ORACLE_HOME for the Applications technology stack components. >The COMN or COMN_TOP (or COMMON_TOP) directory contains directories and files used across standard products and modules. TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICESApplications File Structure (contd..)Primary Ledger | Office Smart (India) | Operating Unit ‘Office Smart Operatons India C= | laventory Org | Office Smart Gurgaon TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICESro Organization Structure Set Up ents Etpeanta BG Legal Entity Chart of accounts Ledger Calendar |___Conventions(Accounting Operating Unit Inventory Org Store locator