Energetics and Reactivity of metals and non-metals exercise

1. 5 g of NH4NO3 (molar mass 80g ) was dissolved in 100 cm3 of water. The temperature changed from 28 °C
to 24 °C. Assumptions: 1 cm3 of water has a mass of 1g, specific heat capacity of the water is
4.2 J g-1 °C-1. What is the enthalpy of solution of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)?

A +1344 J mol-1 B - 1680 J mol -1 C -26, 880 J mol -1 D + 26, 880 J mol-1

2. strong acids reacts with strong alkalis to give an enthalpy of neutralisation of -57 kJ mol-1. What would be the result
of the reaction of a weak acid like ethanoic acid and a strong alkali as compared with the previous reaction?
A more exothermic B less exothermic C same D fluctuate

50 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 HCl and 50 cm3 of 2M NaOH (both initially at 29 °C) were mixed in a calorimeter. The
temperature changed from 29 °C to 34 °C. The specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g -1 °C-1.

3. The calculation for the enthalpy of neutralisation is

A 110 x 4.2 x 5 B 110 x 4.2 x 5 C 110 x 4.2 x 5 D 110 x 4.2 x 5

0.05 0.1 0.15

Questions 4 and 5 are related to the information given below

0.46 g of ethanol C2H5OH, was burnt in 200 cm3 of water and the temperature changed from
29 °C to 35 °C. Assumptions: 1 cm3 of water has a mass of 1g, specific heat capacity of the water is
4.2 J g-1 °C-1. Relative atomic masses: C = 12, H = 1, O =16

4. The enthalpy change of the reaction is given by the calculation

A 0.46 x 4.2 x 7 B 200 x 4.2 x 7 C 46 x 4.2 x 7 D 200 x 4200 x 7

5. The reaction given above is an example of an exothermic reaction, which of the following would be another example
of an exothermic reaction?

A freezing B photosynthesis C dissolving potassium nitrate in water D burning of gasoline

6. When magnesium ribbon is placed in a solution of copper(II) sulphate, magnesium sulphate solution and copper solid
is formed.

a) Write the balanced equation with state symbols for the reaction given above.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Write the ionic equation from the full equation from part a)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.

Table 2 below gives the data collected during the experiment

TABLE 2: DATA FROM THE BURNING OF PROPANOL

Initial mass of fuel /g 2.42
Final mass of fuel /g 1.19
Mass of water used /g 350
Final temperature of water /°C 60.2
Initial temperature of water /°C 22.0
-1 -1
c = 4.2 J g °C

a) Calculate the quantity of heat/energy in the reaction

……………………………………………………………………………

b) Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of propanol.

Relative Atomic Masses: C = 12, O = 16, H = 1
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………

iii) State ONE assumption upon which calculations in part a) and part b) are based.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. 25 cm3 of 0.7 mol dm-3 HCl and 25 cm3 of 0.6 mol dm-3 NaOH were reacted in a plastic cup and the mixture stirred
with a thermometer. After the reaction was completed, the temperature rose from 20 °C to 22.1 °C.
Note specific heat capacity is 4.2 J g-1 °C-1

a) State the value of ΔT for this reaction …………………………..

b) Calculate the amount of energy released for this reaction

…………………………………………………………………………

c) Calculate the value of ΔHneu for the reaction based on the # of moles of water produced in the reaction
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. A small amount of dilute sulphuric acid was placed in test-tube A and a zinc granule was added to test-tube A.
Vigourous effervescence occurred and the metal dissolved.
A small amount of dilute sulphuric acid was placed in test-tube B and a piece of copper was added to test-tube B. No
reaction occurred.

a) Write a balanced equation with state symbols for the reaction in test-tube A

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction in part a) above

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

11.
a) Anhydrous copper(II) sulphate was dissolved in water and the temperature dropped. Is this an example of an
exothermic or endothermic reaction? ……………………………….

b) 2.34 g of anhydrous copper(II) sulphate was dissolved in 50 cm 3 of water. The temperature dropped by 3.5 °C. The
specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.2 J g-1 °C-1

Calculate the enthalpy of solution of copper sulphate given the following information.
Ar Cu = 64, S = 32, O = 16 1 cm3 of water has a mass of 1 g

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Aluminium metal is high in the reactivity series but it usually reacts slowly when placed in contact with dilute acids.
Explain this observation.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………