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INTRODUCTION
“Low-Carbon industry new boon for China; Beijing emerging as new leader in green economy”
(CHINA DAILY 21-AGOUST-2009). “Amway China expands its eco reach; company supports study
of climate change effects on lakes”;”Energy-saving lights donated”; “Carbon tax’s smoke and
mirrors”; “A green opportunity not only for China” (CHINA DAILY 24-AGOUST-2009). “New
energy brings hope to auto industry”; “Greens alone can’t satisfy China’s appetite for energy”
(GLOBAL TIMES, 21-AGOUST-2009). “Beijing weather bureau making sure there’s no rain on the
parade”; “China plans for renewable energy; goal is to connect alternative power sources to grid
companies”; “Climate change in agenda; the involvement of the legislative body in climate
change issues will help facilitate government actions to combat global warming” ( CHINA DAILY,
25-AGOUST-2009). “Sino-US clean energy partnerships win praise; two countries sign agreements
for power plants, technology”; “Multinationals expanding plans to better protect the
environment; the report will be one important ongoing effort to deepen the dialogue with our
stakeholders in a more systematic, consistent and transparent way”; “Dow Corning serves
China’s wind industry” (CHINA DAILY, 23-NOVEMBER-2009).”Learn mine safety lessons”;
“Residents want garbage project thown out” ( CHINA DAILY, 24-NOVEMBER-2009). “Carbon
capture, storage has huge potential: Ambassador”; “Coastal environment”; “Sustainable growth
path; policy continuity and stability are what the Nation needs”; “Low-Carbon urbanization is
way forward for China”; “Developing countries form climate change front” ( CHINA DAILY, 30-
NOVEMBER-2009). ”Emissions goal ‘will cost $30b’; ambitious carbon target is set to trigger
lifestyle changes in China”;” Go green mission”; “A hard choice? Not at all; still we should not
lose hope for a new climate deal. But for that to happen every country, rich or poor, big or small,
should face up to the climate challenge and do its utmost to fight it”; “Bhopal victims demand
toxic cleanup; new and recurring illness blamed on contamination 25 years later” (CHINA DAILY,
04-DECEMBER-2009). “Chinese rise to the climate challenge; 68 percent people at home and
majority abroad ready to pay more to fight global warming, says World Bank survey”; “Nepal
ministers talk green on snowy heights; move to draw world attention”; “Battle climate change;
that is obviously something we should be proud of, yet have reasons to worry about”; “Protect
cultural heritage” (CHINA DAILY, 05/06-DECEMBER-2009). “Leaders upbeat in Copenhagen;
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protesters press for deal to combat global warming”; “Growth with greenery; a successful global
deal on climate change must make clear that Copenhagen is only part of process, not its final
destination”; “US president’s timing for Copenhagen applauded”; “Carbon neutral wedding tests
ingenuity of professional couple”; “Winter weather triggers natural gas shortages”; “Bank’s
green champions; HSBC staff work with scientists on forest and climate change”; “China builds
a low-carbon future”; “2050 energy plan revealed” “China-wide green lighting initiative green-lit
by UN”; “Carbon trading set up rewrite eco-rulebook; Chicago-style ‘cap and trade’ scheme
ready for Tianjin debut”; “German companies keen on climate protection solutions”; ‘Who will
emerge as the global green-champion?’ asks IEEPA”; “Energy efficiency best way forward”;
“China and US urged to set global example”; “Emission reduction is a verb, says Green Gas
MD” (CHINA DAILY, 07-DECEMBER-2009). “World told it’s ‘time to act’ as summit begins”;
“Quality of recovery; the world will also surely benefit more if the largest developing economy
can emerge from the global crisis with strong and sustainable consumer-led growth”;
“Sustainability easier said than achieved”; “Danish envoy optimistic about climate summit;
Jeppe Tranholm-Mikkelsen (right) Denmark’s ambassador to China, has been preparing for the
Copenhagen climate summit for more than two years. Last week he has set down with Mike
Peters to assess the prospects as the meeting opened this week”; “Key to Brazils deforestation
may be in its cows, pastures”; “Beijing bins show recycling awareness” ( CHINA DAILY, 08-
DECEMBER-2009). “Leading the greens; China’s commitment can change for the better the global
environment framework”; “Low-Carbon innovation versus trade war”; “Joint efforts to fight
global warming”; “Industrial structure needs to be changed”; “Climate enjoy takes China’s
message to Copenhagen”; “Bilateral China-US meeting may be in the works”; “Much ado about
bamboo; a local tradition in which boatmen balance on a single pole as they traverse the river
demonstrates the importance of this versatile plant” (CHINA DAILY, 09-DECEMBER-2009). “Wealthy
nations urged to do more; Chinese climate change official says financial offer like a drip in the
ocean”; “we have to rescue sinking ship”; “Dinosaurs on steroids: the Copenhagen conclusion”;
“Expert insist science solid on warming despite leaked e-mails” ( CHINA DAILY, 10-DECEMBER-
2009). “Pianist sets peaceful mood in Oslo”; “Realism in Copenhagen; the international
community still has a huge amount of work to do to bridge the differences between rich and poor
countries to secure a new climate deal”; “China’s climate envoy asks rich countries to do ‘soul
searching’; Yu Xintai says US willingness to pay into a climate fund isn’t enough”; “Couple puts
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their minds together over climate issues”; “Expert says China’s Carbon plan is binding”; “Love
without language barrier”; (CHINA DAILY, 11-DECEMBER-2009).”Justice for all at Copenhagen”;
“Troubles brewing over climate action”; “Success at Copenhagen up in the air; draft documents
prepared as leaders ready to open discussion”; “Australia issues shipping alert over giant
iceberg”; (CHINA DAILY, 12/13-DECEMBER-2009). “Green technology barriers”; “New protests over
garbage plant; opposition follows temporary suspension of similar project”; “Nearly 1000
climate protesters released; 13 still custody after rock-pelting sparked confrontation on
Saturday”; “UN leaders call for new political will as meetings resume today”; “Marching ahead,
because there is ‘No Planet B’”; “China activist soaks up the summit scene”; “Managing green
growth” (CHINA DAILY, 14-DECEMBER-2009).”Pipeline pulls region closer; gas from Central Asia
should help wean China off coal, cut emissions”; “Young-ECO-warriors; China’s youth are
turning activist on climate change issues”; “No Other Way NOW”; “No distraction from green
revolution”; “Choice between pointing fingers and joining hands”; “Question Copenhagen will
not answer”; institutional deal crucial for this fight; the blame game continues at the UN climate
change conference. But if the international community, especially the rich world, does not stop
thinking of individual gains, a breakthrough in climate negotiations is not likely to be achieved,
say three experts from three different but related fields”; “African nations will stay at the table;
half-day suspension of talks, followed charge of ‘killing Kyoto’”; “’All in this together’ Tutu
says”; “green technologies inspire”; “Pushing green technology to the fore, past the skeptics”;
“Delegates stuck outside climate conference after Sunday break”; “Berlusconi OK after assault;
bloodied PM says ‘I’m fine, I’m fine’ as he enters hospital late on Sunday”; “Goldwind to spread
wings overseas for growth; company plans expansion with Australian wind farm investment”;
“Age-old wisdom; an American concept of sustainable lifestyles is not very different from what
the Chinese have been practicing for generations” (CHINA DAILY, 15-DECEMBER-2009).

I have reported these titles of articles to show how China is more and more interested in
Environmental topics. The approach is soft, but the power with which China should lead the
other developing countries to ensure themselves a suitable State of the Environment, should be
great.

In these days, while Leaders are enjoying the Copenhagen meeting, I’m writing the introduction
of my Master Thesis for the University of Pavia, but living in Beijing at Beijing University of

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Technology; at BJUT for attending the EPIS (Exchange/Engineer Program for International
Student) which links this University with the University of Pavia (where I study), Polytechnic of
Milan, and University of Perugia.

In honor of the scope, “better State of the Environment”, the present paper will focus in
particular on air pollution; it is just a page inside the long book of Air, Water Pollution studies,
Solid Waste management plans, Energy saving projects that everyday millions of people write.
What will be very difficult in stopping ‘our not environment friendly actions”, is the
“shift/switch of our lifestyle”. Every day billions of people on Gaia provoke general pollution; it
is impossible to take actions without polluting. At the same moment is even true that there are
many ways to reduce the input of any pollutant in the System Environment. The System
Environment includes the Biosphere (what lives) the Geosphere (the land), the Atmosphere
(fresh air), and the Idrosphere (water); nowadays all they are polluted! We should so something!

The present thesis, focused on “air pollution dispersed in the Atmosphere”, is so composed:

 1: Introduction
 2: Literature Review
 3: Models
 4: Discussion
 5: Conclusion
 6: Bibliography

Introduction doesn’t need any explanation, since it just introduces the topic of the thesis. This
thesis is more in particular about air pollution, about models used to modeling the dispersion of
air pollutants into the atmosphere, and about their application. In Literature Review I focused on
the features of the Atmosphere, starting from its simplest chemical composition and ending with
the link between thermodynamic effects and the motion of air masses, but never going in depth.
After a general panoramic view of what the Atmosphere is, air pollution is introduced and
described. A brief review of articles and manuals of the most common models used for the
management of the air quality closes the literature review. Models starts from the analytic
generic differential equation of the diffusion to continue with its solution through the application
of the Gaussian resolution. This chapter ends with the description of the “Multi Dimension Multi
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Boxes” model, developed at Beijing University of Technology, which has been used for the
application on a real case of study. The description includes the geometric assumptions of the
model, the considerations about the meteorological parameters that influence the resolution, the
ideas about the source data that must be input, and the demonstrations about the removal
mechanisms considered. The initial conditions and the boundary conditions, necessary for the
resolution of the diffusion equation, match with the trans-boundary pollution emissions and they
have been extracted from data which had been collected during campaigns of data acquisition
carried by Chinese Authorities, as I was told. In Discussion is described the procedure of the
application of MDMB on the Chinese City, Tangshan. Conclusion presents again the problem,
but under its particular shape in Tangshan Municipality; some more considerations about the
results of the simulation, and some general consideration about air pollution (everything from an
academic point of view) is given; a larger application plan, with realistic and more accurate
consideration would need more time and energy and should be undertaken by subjects able to
take at the same time their responsibilities: who better than the Chinese Government? Many
Other Countries’ Governments did not the same in the past, but everybody is hopeful that in the
Largest Country (China) of the Asian Continent (considering Russia as a European Sister of
Italy), many epoch making, and environment friendly events will happen. To end, in
Bibliography is listed a surely without end number of books, articles and assays which speak
about air pollution, model, etc. There are a lot of articles, published by the most important
scientific publishing house, which speak about applications of models to study and to forecast air
pollution concentration everywhere in the world, and a lot of books discussing the physic and the
chemical features of the Atmosphere. All the handbooks and the publications about this
argument are surely important, but for the practical use of air quality simulation models are more
important complete and trustable inventories about the emission sources data and databases
about measured physic quantities in the past decades.

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