INTERNATIONAL PHILIPPINE PHwatetic Society IPPS was founded in 1974 in Manila, and soon afer, included an active component in the U.S. The purpose of this exhibit is to promote Philippine philately through representative material from its many historical periods and a variety of collecting topics. Oficia First Dav Cover ‘Philatelic Society A CENTURY OF FRIENDSHIP 25th ANNIVERSARY (1974-1999) During 1998, the Philippines celebrated a centennial of independence (June 12, 1898) and on September 24, 1999, reissued this Mexican/Spanish friendship souvenir sheet honoring the 25" IPPS Silver AnniversaryPHILIPPINE Spanish PostaL Nps History Pre-Stame Era The longest era of Philippine postal history is the Spanish era from 1565, when Spain first colonized the Islands, through May 1898 — over 300 years. The era prior to the issuance of stamps in 1854 is known as the pre-stamp era. Spanish Galleon Mail Between 1565 and 1815, most mail was carried on Spanish galleons between fanila and Acapulco, Mexico, enroute to Veracruz, Havana, and European destinations. 1776 Manila to Rome, via Spanish galleon to Acapulco and Spain. Earliest known cover by galleon with postal markings. Ship Letter Mail Between the 1820s-1830s, most Philippine mai! was carried to Europe by Spanish or Briish sailing ships, via the Cape of Good Hope 1825 Manila to London, via the Cape of Good Hope, by a British East India Company sailing ship. Earliest cover known from the Philippines to Great Britain.oe The first four stamps were issued on February 1, 1854, showing the sculptured head of Queen Isabela Il - 5 Cuartos, 10 Cuartos, 1 Real, and 2 Reales. 1854 Albay to Cagsaua ‘showing the first issue, a 5 cuartos stamp for the interior single-weight rate, 1898 Manila to Switzerland postal card showing the sculptured head of King Alfonso Xill and the 3 centavos overseas postal card rate.REVOLUTIONARY GovERNMENT 1898-1901 / ISLANDS ta . After Dewey's May 1898 victory, General Emilio Aguinaldo formed the Revolutionary Government on ‘June 12, assimilating local postal agencies. The rebels first fought the Spanish, and then, for most of 1899, fought the US Army. General Aquinaldo was captured March 1901, effectively ending the uprising. Aguinaldo’s flag, the Sun and the Stars, became the present day Philippines flag. 2c postage stamp with Central Administration Manila cancel 2c postage and 50c telegraph stamps with San Pablo, Laguna cancel (telegraph, postage, and revenue stamps used interchangeably) 2c postage _and 8c cettificado stamos on registered letter from Ylagan to Germany.PHILIPPINE Spanish Oureosts 1898 - 1899 The Spanish forces in Manila surrendered to the US military on August 13, 1898. However, areas in La Union in the North and Zamboanga in the South remained under Spanish control. Acknowledging the Spanish/Philippine custom of invalidating former postal emissions with a change of government, they issued provisional stamps for their postal systems. These were valid stamps for a status that almost defies classification, but accepted by the parties concerned. La Union Provisional surcharge on_blank paper tied by September 1898 La Union cancel. Manila receiving cancel Zamboanga Provisional surcharge on ‘Spanish stamps tied by ‘April 1899 Zamboanga cancel. Entered US Military postal system April 10, 1899.“an US A pministraTion ,...g ee Overrrmtep US Issues ee Ce Officials placed US stamps overprinted PHILIPPINES on sale at Manila, June 30, 1899 using rates similar to domestic US. The dollar values issued August 30, 1901 fanazan MW heamsvdke Wy od. July 17, 1903 San Fernando, Ticao Island (Masbata Province) to the US using the 2¢ domestic rate. Broken Character <4— “PEILIPPINES” November 1, 1904 issue. Overprint Forgery Slightly oversize with ==> 36° angle versus genuine 22°“a | First Aik Maw Stames In 1926, the Philippines commemorated the historical flight from Madrid to Manila by two Spanish aviators by overprinting 17 definitive stamps with only 11 days notice. ISLANDS Errors > <— “Broken wing” * has left portion of 2 propeller missing. Inverted overprintOrriciat Busivess 8, Overrrinteo Stamps Pa In 1906, officials authorized government agencies to hand-stamp postage for official use. In 1907, General Harry H. Bandholtz was allowed to print these for his Constabulary Bureau and later told to sell them to collectors. In 1926, Manila centralized overprinting (catalog numbers exist for these) and continued this practice through the Japanese Occupation and Republic eras. BANDHOLTZ hand-stamp OB. January 5, 1906, llagan, Isabela Province. Early examples display 2 variety of colors and types and are best collected on cover or used with visible postmark eee) UG. 28,1944 \asi7a7 Qoa/ ms Japanese Occupation. KP-Kagamitang OBs using words. Y OBs with city names. Pampamahalaan—is OFFICIAL within oval Centrally printed. 1941 Pura and Paniqui, Tagalog for OB. First (top) and separate- EP postal card (top) Tarlac Province hand day cancel doubles as __red invert-(bottom), and 1948 Republic stamps. control (clerk #5 of 11) TAGLE inspired. adhesive (bottom)ISLANDS ComMERCIAL re Controis o By Between 1912 and 1935, several large commercial firms in Manila were allowed to exclusively use modified postage stamps to identify them in case of theft or unauthorized use. Four control categories exist: © Manila Printed Overprint. Camera Supply Company (top) HEE. Heacock Co. (below) © Special imperforate Stamps. Requested and printed for the Lambert Sales Company in Manila and used by them to send embroidery goods to their New York, NY office using these labels in 1925. This series previously issued to the public only with perforations ® Company Hand Stamp. Company Perforated Initials. Rambler Shoe Company Chartered Bank of India, Australia & China (CBI) (top) Philippine Education Company-double PE (bottom) cenrrcate of Once 2be- I / eo 1225 BROADWAY, 4]E) NEW YORK, U. S. A.JAPANESE ; OccupaATION 1941-1945 7 ‘The Japanese Miltary complex attacked the Philippines in December 1941. By March 1942, the Japanese had sufficient control over major portions of the country to reopen the postal system. The first stamps used were prewar issues overprinted to reflect the new control First Issue Mar 4, 1942 Manila First Day Cover. Bars overprint UNITED STATES OF AMERICA / COMMONWEALTH / OF THE March 20, 1942, Manila, self- altered prewar stamp rejected (new overprinted 2c stamp added)(941-1945 Mr Oscar G Guide Mostbeal Coby 10" Miliatary District x, OB Guerrilla Stamp, re Topoeey February 5, iu 1944, Agusan Province is part of Mindanao. The Island of Mindanao under the 10th Military District, U.S. Army Forces Far East, (USAFFE), cecasionally delivered Guereiia Maw Feb 3, (1943), Ronda, Cebu. From November 1942 to March 1943, the Southern Cebu Forces (SCF) boasted its own guerrilla mail service. Cut & taped back on, part of a package guerrilla letters. These stamps printed in Australia and delivered by submarine Nov 15, 1943.PHILIPPINE “egy Liseration Era Provisionat VICTORY OPs ISLANDS MacArthur's invasion occurred prior to the arrival of printed stamps. In order to restore government operations, officials collected an assortment of prewar stamps and overprinted them 'Y at Tacloban, Leyte, using hand-made rubber stamps. These emergency stamps were demonetized in early 1945 when the stamp shipments arrived from the US. £4 Lo 10 5c0 sewed, O51ktorusa November 8, 1944, Tacloban, Leyte to the US. BG Romulo, General Headquarters, Southwest Pacific Area both sent and censored this envelope. The letter inside states “We are inaugurating today the Philippines U.S. mail. | thought you would be interested in getting one of the first covers... Hoping fo see you soon...” As one of the 1st, this VICTORY hand stamp is intact Unlike the hand The Internal Revenue stamp above, this officials made a envelope cut second y square has the hand stamp for tax | er more common stamps. These were 4AM) broken "Tin 2 used in Tacloban ase 985366, © between Jan-Mar by repeated use | 1945. Only 4 copies and a pin repair. are known.PHILIPPINE Mount Pinatuso The Philippines issued five surcharge stamps for the victims of the Mount Pinatubo volcano disaster = one 25c (inland mail) and four 1 peso (foreign mail) values. Required on all air mail letters between November 16, 1992 and February 28, 1993 in addition to the necessary postage. Nemi L, Rivera P. 0, Box 132 Pasay CPO Pasay City, Metro Manila 1399 Philippines Mr. Douglas K, Lehman 3307 Chicamuxen Court Falls Church, Virginia 22041 U.S. AS VIA AIRMAIL ——> MT. PINATUBO SURCHARGE: PAID PASAX.CITY G:P.0; *” On this December 8, 1992 air mail letter, the sender and the concept designer of the tied Christmas seal (Philippine Tuberculosis Society) are the same Nemi Rivera, The red OMRON overprint on the Christmas seal was sponsored by that computer automation corporation.PHILIPPINE " SPECIMENS as Ke A Prweene Porateric Trapinon 2% “re Officials overprinted stamps as specimens for government archives, to provide examples to the UPU, and philatelic favors. These have limited quantities and printings span over a century of continuance. Spanish Era. These occur in several US Administration Era. 1926 as issued types and colors marked either perforated examples plus red overprints of MUESTRA or MINISTERIO DE SPECIMEN (top) and CANCELLED (bottom) ULTRAMAR MUESTRAS Republic Era. 1984 Christmas issue, less than 500 printed. |S Administration Era, 1926 imperforate examples using trial colors plus red CANCELLED overprintFake Srawe: ISLANDS ; ForcEriEs inal s, OVERPRINTS, AND yk Marxincs : re Individuals prepared forgeries to simulate ordinary stamps for postal purposes and to imitate high- value stamps to fool collectors. Fakes exist in all ‘eras produced both within and outside the islands. Kraemer Fake. Genuine stamp with fake cancel, censor mark, and cachet rubber stamps. Made in California in the mid-1970s and found mostly in the US. The green cachet was not used on this date but the KRAEMER corneraddressee easily identify most of these fakes. Forged Spanish era 1875 2¢ stamp by Spaniard Segui (these are normally unused) showing differences (eyebrow and lion) to genuine, Genuine VICTORY (29mm) Genuine 1938 (top) and 1945 (bottom) ‘overprinted COMMONWEALTH stamps. The forged VICTORY overprint (incorrect bottom position) was sold only at the Cebu Post Office.L [ BES 1869 16-Escudos 1899 Draft stamps, January 23, 1899 document piece with 25¢ Documentary Stamped _left has range error in Customs fee with rare BISECT validated by Paper “Validated for the top tablet, crudely Army Lt. C.S. Haughwout’s initials. Republic” drawn on stone plates Foam No. 2502 NEW TAGREGEIPT ISSUED No. May 15, 1945 Liberation Era. Internal Revenue stamps marked VICTORY without Serial Numbers. Rare use in Leyte Province paying annual business license for a sari sari shop (variety store). NOTE: many Philippine revenue documents contain only half stamps, taxpayer half and government half March 28, 19255 Peso 1907-11 2c Documentary __ 1953 TRIPLE-DOUBLE. (1) pre-VWIl to penalty tax of late renewal printed on bank check, _Liberation, (2) US Admin to Republic, and (3) of a Driver's License basic tax per check Internal Revenue to Documentary.