Catalytic fast pyrolysis – bifunctional catalyst – C-O cleavage

Atmospheric pressure and high temperature

Metal carbides surface chemistry and identification of active sites

Ex-situ CFP conditions means what?

Oxygen vacancy sites inferred from DRIFTS results

Under different conditions, relative concentrations of different types of active sites are varied.

Ex-situ CFP conditions hydrogenation, deoxygenation, C-C coupling

Low-pressure and high temperature conditions

Characterization technqiues:
DRIFTS, XPS, DFT, XRD, TPRxn
Core-level spectra were collected for carbon (C 1s), molybdenum (Mo 3d), and oxygen (O
1s) at an analyzer pass energy of 11.75 eV.

The spectra were deconvoluted using a nonlinear least-squares method employing a

combination of Gaussian (80%) and Lorentzian (20%) distributions in Multipak, a
commercially available XPS analysis program. Shirley

The Mo 3d spectra were fit using doublets with a splitting of 3.18 eV between the 3d5/2 and
3d3/2 peaks and an intensity ratio of 3:2.