Video Display

Video Display

Progressive scan :

used in computer monitors and digital televisions.

displays all the horizontal lines of a picture at one time as a single frame.

Interlaced scan :

used in standard television formats

displays only half of the horizontal lines at a time (the first field, containing the odd-
numbered lines, is displayed, followed by the second field, containing the even-
numbered lines)

Digitizing Video

Digital video combines features of graphics and audio to create dynamic content for
multimedia products.

Video is simply moving pictures.

Digitized video can be edited more easily.

Digitized video files can be extremely large.

Digital video is often used to capture content from movies and television to be used in
multimedia.

A video source (video camera,VCR, TV or videodisc) is connected to a video capture

card in a computer.
As the video source is played, the analog signal is sent to the video card and converted
into a digital file (including sound from the video). VCRVCR Video Overlay
Board /Video Overlay Board / Video Capture Card Video Capture Card PCPC

Digital Video

Digital video is the digitisation of analogue video signals into numerical format

It creates the illusion of full motion by displaying a rapid sequence of changing

images on a display device.

Conversion from analogue to digital format requires the use on an ADC (Analogue to
Digital Converter)

A Digital to Analogue Converter (DAC) can be used to output digital video on

analogue equipment

Video clip stored on any mass-storage device can be played back on a computer’s
monitor without special hardware.

Setting up a production environment for making digital video, requires some

hardware specifications.

Some specifications include computer with FireWire connection and cables, fast
processor, plenty of RAM, fast and big hard disk.
video File Size and Formats

There is an important consideration: – file size in digitized video which

included

1. Frame rate

2. Image size

3. Color depth.

Frame Rate – animation is an illusion caused by the rapid display of still images.

– television and movies play at 30 fps but acceptable playback can be

achieved with 15 fps.

Image Size Image Size – A standard full screen resolution is 640x480 pixels but to

safe storing space a video with 320x240 for a computer

display is still acceptable.

– New high-definition televisions (HDTV) are capable of

resolutions up to 1920×1080p60,

1920 pixels per scan line by 1080 scan lines, progressive, at 60

frames per second.

Color Depth Color Depth – The quality of video is dependent on the color quality
(related to the number of colors) for each bitmap in the frame sequence.

– The color depth below 256 colors is poorer-quality

image.
 – The frame rate to below 15 fps causes a noticeable
and distracting jerkiness that unacceptable.

– Changing the image size and compressing the file

therefore become primary ways of reducing file size. 24 bit 8 bit (256 colors)16 bit

STREAMING VIDEO

1. Windows Media Video Format (.wmv)

2. 3GP File Extension (.3gp)

3. Apple QuickTime Player

4. Real Networks RealPlayer

5. Video LAN VLC media player

6. Advances Streaming Format (.asf)

7. Real Media Format (.rm) File Formats File Formats

Digital video offers a number of advantages over analog video, including:

Ease of sharing and storage.

No degredation of data quality when copied.

Easy and inexpensive copying.

how video recognizing

Video action recognition is a field of multimedia research enabling us to recognize the
actions from a number of observations, where representation of temporal information
becomes important.
 DIGITAL SIGNAL
Digital Signal is discrete signal in both time and amplitude. A digital signal refers to an electrical
signal that is converted into a pattern of bits. These patterns can be generated in many ways, each
producing a specific code.digital signals can take only a limited number of values (discrete steps);
usually just two values are used: the positive supply voltage (+Vs) and zero volts (0V).

TYPES OF SIGNAL - DIGITAL SIGNAL

Logical States

+Vs0VsTrueFalseOnOffHighLow1

ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL CONVERTOR (ADC)

If  you  want  to  attach  an  analogue  input  device  to  a  digital  device such as a computer, you will
need an analogue to digital convertor(ADC).A  good  example  of  a  computer  peripheral  that 
requires  an ADC  is  a microphone.When you plug a  microphone  into  a  computer,  you  are
actually  plugging  it  into  an  ADC  which  converts  the analogue signals from the microphone into
digital data that the computer can then process.

Digital to Analogue Convertor (DAC)

If  you  want  to  attach  an  analogue  output  device  to  a  digital  device such as a computer, you
will need a digital to analogue convertor(DAC).A  good  example  of  a  computer  peripheral  that 
requires  a  DAC is a loud speaker or headphones.When  you  plug  a  loudspeaker  into  a computer
, you are actually plugging it into a DAC,  which  takes  digital data  from  the  computer  and 
converts  it  into   analogue signals which the loudspeaker then converts into sound.

 Data Representation - Video/Animation

What is video?

is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting and

reconstruction a sequence of still images representing scenes in motionIt is a collection of still
imagesCommon video codec’s formats are: AVI, MOV, MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) and
MP4

Digital video recorders are rapidly becoming avail- able. Although expensive,

these cameras have the advan- tage of recording in digital format onto
tape. ... Similar to analog cameras, these cameras use CCD (charge-coupled
device) technology and can also store large amounts of still images.

What is Video Recognition ?

It is the computer’s ability to acquire, process, and analyze data coming
from visual sources, i.e. videos. In other words, it allows a computer to
“see” thousands of video streams and “understand” the information it
receives frame by frame.

Video tracking is one of the main differences between image and video
recognition. Specifically, it consists of locating moving objects over time using
a camera to associate target objects in consecutive video frames. For more
details, read our post on the Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) system we
developed.

Let’s go back to the technology behind it. Video recognition, like computer
vision, relies on deep learning. As we wrote in a previous post, the idea of
machine learning is to map some kind of input into an output. More specifically,
we ask a question, input, and the algorithm provides us with an answer, output.
The artificial neural networks provide the answers to your questions.

How digital video is created?

Digital video basics. Digital video is made up of the raw video signal (video stream) and
the way it is encoded into a file format (the codec). The file format itself (the container)
also contains the encoded audio stream, which has its own codec.
Structure of an artificial neural network.

Video recognition in use

Suppose you are the manager of one, or several, car parks. You want to
reduce fraud and threats, including violent behavior, the possible
presence of weapons, and attempted thefts. Video recognition may be
the solution.

Indeed, you might equip your surveillance cameras with a video

recognition system trained to detect one of these abnormal situations.
The video streams will be your input. When smart cameras detect an
abnormal situation, the software will deliver an output. The output will
specify, with a given level of confidence, whether there is fraud or threat
or not.

The value of th