FLUID SOLID REACTIONS

Shrinking Core Model

Dr. S. P. Tekade
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering
Gharda Institute of Technology, Lavel
SHRINKING CORE MODEL (SCM)
SCM for constant particle size considers following five
steps which are occurring in series:
 Step 1: Diffusion of gases reactant through the film
of fluid surrounding the solid particle.
 Step 2: Diffusion of gases reactant through the ash layer
surrounding the unreacted core of solid particle.
 Step 3: Reaction between gases and solid at the
surface of unreacted core of solid particle.
 Step 4: Diffusion of products through ash layer.
 Step 5: Diffusion of products through the film
surrounding solid particle.
2
…..SHRINKING CORE MODEL (SCM)
SCM: Graphical representation

3
…..SCM

For some cases the steps 4 and 5 does not exits (In
case of only solid products).

Resistance offered by the different steps may be

different.
The step which has highest resistance and would
control the entire process.
So, next part follows the derivation of relation between
conversion and time by considering individual step to
be rate controlling. 4
…..SCM

Diffusion Through Gas Film Controls

 Here, the important assumption is the gas film
surrounding the solid particle has highest resistance
and resistance offered by ash layer and chemical
reaction is negligible.

5
…..SCM

 Nomenclature:

CAG : concentration of gas in bulk

CAS : concentration of A at solid surface
CAC : concentration of A at unreacted core
R: Radius of spherical solid particle
rc : Radius of unreacted core
NA : Flux of A
NB : Flux of B
ρ B : Molar density of solid B
V : Volume of spherical solid particle
b : Stoichiometric coefficient of B in reaction
kg: mass transfer coefficient of A through gas film
t : Time
τ : Time required for complete conversion of solid B
XB : Fractional Conversion of solid B 6