Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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PED 19
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K 2 Semester, AY 2021
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PERLA E. VELASCO Ed.D.
This is a gender sensitive instructional material
THE TEACHING PROFESSION –
PED 19 P
UNIT 3 THE TEACHER AND THE TEACHING COMMUNITY
INTRODUCTION
The professional teacher is not an island. He/she works with other professional teachers, some
more or less experienced than he/she is. Colleagues are teachers, partners and collaborators. How teacher
relates to his/her colleagues in the teaching profession determines if they become one‟s greatest allies and
supporters or one‟s greatest enemies.
Section 1. Teachers shall, at all times, be imbued with the spirit of professional loyalty, mutual
confidence, and faith in one another, self-sacrifice for the common good, and full cooperation with
colleagues. When the best interest of the learners, the school, or the profession is at stake in any
controversy, teachers shall support one another.
Section 2. A teacher is not entitled to claim for work not of his own, and shall give due credit for the
work of others which he may use.
Section 3. Before leaving his position, a teacher shall organize and leave to his successor such records
from the files without official permission.
Section 4. A teacher shall hold inviolate all confidential information concerning associates and the
school, and shall not divulge to anyone documents which have not yet been officially released, or remove
records from the files without official permission.
Section 5. It shall be the responsibility of every teacher to seek correctives for what may appear to be an
unprofessional and unethical conduct of any associate. This may be done only if there is incontrovertible
evidence for such conduct.
Section 6. A teacher may submit to the proper authorities any justifiable criticism against an associate,
preferably in writing, without violating any right of the individual concerned.
A Professional Teacher should work in collaboration with his/her fellow teacher. Gossip destroys
collegial relationships. It has no place in a professional community. A brotherly/sisterly correction for
what may appear to be unprofessional and unethical conduct of an associate is an act that is becoming of a
professional.
Should there be justifiable criticism against a fellow teacher, the right recourse is to submit to
proper authorities any justifiable criticism.
It is unprofessional for a teacher to apply for a position for which he is not qualified.
Professionalism demands that selection is based on merit and competence.
1. Students reported to you about a teacher who has made it a habit to collect money for quizzes that
never were mimeographed or photocopied, the very reason for money collection. What is ethical for you
to do? – Application
a. File a written complaint against the teacher with the students‟ oral report as evidence.
b. Talk to the teacher concerned and correct his unethical conduct.
c. Bring the students and parents to the teacher concerned.
d. Advise the students to file a written complaint against the teacher.
THE TEACHING PROFESSION –
PED 19 P
e.
2. The school was preparing for a national choral competition. What should be the response of the
teaching community? – Application
a. Let the Music teachers do the work since it is music-related.
b. All teachers should cooperate with and support the Music teachers in whatever way.
c. Teachers complained against by students should not be involved in the preparation activities.
d. Give passing grades to all students involved in the oral competition.
SYNAPSE STRENGTHENERS
1. Will filing a justified complaint against teacher do well for a community of professional teachers? If
you were the one intending to file a complaint, would you do so?
2. Which Filipino trait makes it difficult sometimes for professional teachers to function as a collegial
community?
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics –Appendices)
ARTICLE VI
THE TEACHER AND HIGHER AUTHORITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Section 1. A teacher shall make it his duty to make an honest effort to understand and support
the legitimate policies of the school and the administration regardless of professional feeling or private
opinion and shall faithfully carry them out.
Section 2. A teacher shall not make any false accusation or charges against superiors, especially
under anonymity. However if there are valid charges, he should present such under oath to competent
authority.
Section 3. A teacher shall transact all official business through channels except when special
conditions warrant a different procedure, such as when reforms are advocated but are opposed by the
immediate superior, in which case the teacher shall appeal directly to the appropriate higher authority.
Section 4. A teacher, individually or as part of a group, has a right to seek redress against
THE TEACHING PROFESSION –
PED 19 P
injustice and discrimination and, to the extent possible, shall raise his grievances within democratic
processes. In doing so, he shall avoid jeopardizing the interest and welfare of learners whose right to
learn must be respected.
Section 5. A teacher has a right to involve the principle that appointments, promotions, and
transfers of teachers are made only on the basis of merit and need in the interest of the service.
Section 6. A teacher who accepts a position assumes a contractual obligation to live up to his
contract, assuming full knowledge of the employment terms and conditions.
2. Let‟s have a pretest on how the teacher relates to higher authorities in the
Philippines. Answer with YES or NO.
Is it Professional for a Teacher:
1. to campaign against legitimate policies of the school and administration with which
he/she disagree?
2. not to support a legitimate policy with which he/she disagrees?
3. to file charges against superiors under anonymity to protect himself/herself?
4. to transact official business through proper channels, no exception.
5. to go on strike with his group to seek redress against injustice?
1. Appointments, promotions and transfer of professional teachers are done only on the basis of and
in the . – Understanding
a. merit-need-interest of the service.
b. qualifications-years of service-interest of learners
c. seniority-academic degrees-interest of teachers
d. technical-professional competence-interest of the profession
2. Is it professional to support a school‟s policy even if you do not personally agree? – Analysis
a. No.
b. Yes.
c. Yes, if it is a policy for teachers.
d. Yes, it depends on the kind of policy.
The Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers: His/her Person, Profession and Business
“One book, one pen, one child and one teacher can change the world.”
ARTICLE IV
THE TEACHER AND THE PROFESSION
Section 1. Every teacher shall actively help insure that teaching is the noblest profession, and
shall manifest genuine enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble calling.
Section 2. Every teacher shall uphold the highest possible standards of quality education, shall
make the best preparation for the career of teaching, and shall be at his best at all times in the practice
of his profession.
Section 3. Every teacher shall participate in the continuing professional education (CPE) program
of the professional Regulation Commission, and shall pursue such other studies as will improve his
efficiency, enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen his competence, virtues, and
productivity in order to be nationally and internationally competitive.
Section 4. Every teacher shall help, if duly authorized, to seek support for the school, but shall
THE TEACHING PROFESSION –
PED 19 P
not make improper misrepresentations through personal advertisements and other questionable
means.
Section 5. Every teacher shall use the teaching profession in a manner that makes it a dignified
means for earning a decent living.
To which Section of Article IV does each quotation refer? (Answer in your notebook.)
1. I wish I could persuade every teacher, to be proud of his occupation – not conceited or pompous,
but proud. People who introduce themselves with the shame remark that they are “just teachers” gives
despair in my heart. Did you ever hear a lawyer say depreciatingly that he was only a patent attorney?
Did you ever hear a physician say “I am just a brain surgeon?” I beg of you to stop apologizing for being
a member of the most important profession in the anybody squarely in the eye and say, “I am a
Teacher.”
– will
2. “Good, better, best. Never let it rest until your good is better and your better is best.” – Tim Duncan
3. “There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work and learning from failure.”
– Colin Powell
5. “Self-respect is the fruit of discipline; the sense of dignity goes with the ability to say no to oneself.”
– Abraham Joshua Heschel
6. there are two kinds of pride both and bad. Good pride represents our dignity and self-respect.
Bad pride is the deadly sin of superiority that reeks of conceit and arrogance/” – John c. Maxwell.
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics -Appendices.)
ANALYSIS:Let’s Analyze
What does each quotation mean? (Please refer to quotations 1-6 above) To which section of
Article IV of the Code of Ethics does each quote relate? Do this in your notebook
Develop a 15-minute PowerPoint presentation to convince viewers that teaching is the noblest
profession and being so deserves the best preparation and the best candidates.
SYNAPSE STRENGTHENERS
Research on how students regard the teaching profession. Do they see it as a noble calling or a
profession for those who cannot make it in the other professions? Take note of your findings and share in
class.
ARTICLE XI
THE TEACHER AS A PERSON
Section 1. A teacher shall live with dignity in all places at all times.
Section 2. A teacher shall place premium upon self-respect and self-discipline as the principle of
personal behavior in all relationships with others and in all situations.
Sections 3. A teacher shall maintain at all times a dignified personality which could serve as
model worthy of emulation by learners, peers, and others.
Section 4. A teacher shall always recognize the Almighty God or Being as guide of his own
destiny and of the destinies of men and nations.
Describe the teacher as a person based on Article XI of the Code of Ethics by way of a five-line
poem composed of:
ARTICLE X
THE TEACHER AND BUSINESS
Section 1. A teacher has a right to engage, directly or indirectly, in legitimate income generation,
provided that it does not relate to or adversely affect his work.
Section 2. A teacher shall maintain a good reputation with respect to financial matters such as
in the settlement of his just debts, loans and other financial affairs.
Section 3. No teacher shall act, directly or indirectly, as agent of, or be financially interested in,
any commercial venture which furnish textbooks and other school commodities in the purchase and
disposal of which he can exercise official influence, except only when his assignment is inherently related
to such purchase and disposal, provided that such shall be in accordance with existing regulations.
2. Why is a teacher prohibited from direct business transactions involving textbooks and school supplies?
– Analysis
a. Possibility of exerting influence for his/her own business interest
b. Her/his main task is to teach not to engage in business
c. To avoid competition
d. The Code of Ethics says no
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics -Appendices.)
“To deny people their human rights is to deny their very humanity.”
Learning Outcomes
Pretest
Write YES if you agree and NO if you disagree. Refer to the 1987 Philippine Constitution,
Commonwealth Act No. 578 and RA 4670, the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers found in
Appendices C, D, and E, respectively.
Republic Act No. 4670 or the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers states the following
rights and privileges of teacher:
Pretend that you belong to a team that campaigns for Senior High School graduates to enroll in
teacher education. Prepare a PowerPoint Presentation to be delivered before the class whom you consider
to be Grade 12 students graduating at the end of the year. Your PP should be very convincing because you
give a highly favorable picture of the teaching profession as learned in this lesson. Cite all teacher‟s
privileges and benefits.
SUMMARY
The welfare of teachers has been given much attention in the past years. The Philippines
Constitution guarantees that the State shall “enhance the right of teachers to professional advancement;”
“assign the highest budgetary priority to education;” and “ensure that teaching will attract and retain its
rightful share of the best available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of job
satisfaction and fulfillment.”
Other laws, especially RA 4670, the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers, give in detail
teachers‟ rights, privileges and benefits.
A. Let‟s have a Post test. Answer TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not.
Learning Outcomes
● UNESCO defines global education as a goal to develop countries worldwide and is aimed at
educating all people in accordance with world standards.
● Another definition is that global education is a curriculum that is international in scope which
prepares today‟s youth around the world to function in one world environment under teachers
who are intellectually, professionally and humanistically prepared.
UNESCO‟s Education2030 Incheon Declaration during the World Education Forum Established a
vision “towards inclusive and equitable educational lifelong learning for all.” Sustainable
Development Goal (SDG) 4 for Education is one of the seventeen goals of the United Nation‟s
SDgs. The seven of the ten targets are expected outcomes while three are means of achieving the
outcomes. These outcomes targets bring together all member nations to expand beyond their
geographical territories for global education.
By 2030, the seven outcome targets of SDG 4 must have been achieved. These are:
4.1 Universal primary and secondary education. Ensure all girls and boys complete, free, equitable
and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes.
4.2 Early childhood development and universal pre-primary education. Ensure that all boys and girls
have access to quality early childhood development care and pre-primary education so that they are
ready for primary education.
4.3 Equal access to technical/vocational and higher education, ensure equal access for all women and
men to affordable and quality technical vocational tertiary education including university.
4.4 Relevant skills for decent work. Substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have
relevant skills including technical and vocational skills, for employment decent jobs and
entrepreneurs.
4.5 Gender equality and inclusion. Eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access
to all levels of education and vocational trainings for vulnerable, including persons with disabilities
indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations.
4.6 Universal youth literacy. Ensure that all youth and substantial proportion of adults, both men and
women achieve literacy and numeracy.
4.7 Education for sustainable development and global citizenship. Ensure all learners acquire
knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including among others through
education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyle, human rights, gender equality,
promote culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship and appreciation of cultural diversity
and cultures contribution to sustainable development
One of the means to achieve the target is to increase the supply of qualified teachers, through
international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially the least
developed countries and island developing states.
James Becker (1998) defined global education as an effort to help individual learners to see the
world as a single and global system and to see themselves as a participant in that system. It is a
school curriculum that has a worldwide standard of teaching and learning. This curriculum prepares
learners in an international marketplace with a world view of international understanding. In his
article “goals of Global Education,” Becker emphasized that global education incorporates into the
curriculum and educational experiences of each student a knowledge and empathy of cultures of the
nation and the world. Likewise students are encourage to see the world as a whole, learn various
cultures to make them better relate and function effectively within various cultural groups.
Thus, to meet the various global challenges of the future, the 21 st Century learning Goals have
been established as bases of various curricula worldwide. These learning goals include:
1. 21st century content: emerging content areas such as global awareness; financial, economic,
business, and entrepreneurial literacy; civic literacy; health and environmental awareness.
2. Learning and thinking skills: critical thinking and problem solving skills, communication,
creativity and innovation, collaboration, contextual learning, information and media literacy.
● ICT literacy: using technology in the context of learning so students know how to learn.
● Life skills: leadership, ethics, accountability, personal responsibility, self-direction, others
● 21st century assessments: Authentic assessments that measure the areas of learning
On the other hand, glocal education is about diversity, understanding the differences and teaching
the different cultural groups in their own context to achieve the goals of global education as
presented by the United Nations. It is preparing future teachers from the remote and rugged rural
villages in developing countries, to the slum areas of urbanized countries, to the highly influential
and economically stable societies of the world for their roles in the 21 st century classrooms.
Global teacher education addresses the need of the smallest schools to the largest classrooms in
the world. It responds to borderless education that defies distance and geographic location. This
makes education glocal.
Thus, glocal education provides equal opportunity and access to knowledge and learning
tools which are the basic rights of every child in every community, locality within the global
community.
Are our pre-service teachers preparing to provide glocal education in their respective
future school assignments? Do they possesses a strong foundation of their rootedness in culture
so as to blend what is local with what is global? Will you be a glocal teacher who is a true
Filipino teacher with a solid value of nationalism and filipinism but who is capable of addressing
the global challenges and needs of educating the children for the future?
Looking back at the concept of global education, how do we define now a glocal teacher?
Is this teacher somebody who teaches abroad? Is this a person teaching anywhere in the world,
and is able to teach the 21 st century learning goals? These are some of the fundamental questions
that are raised regarding global teacher as new concept of globalization and the recognition of
localization in the same concept is fast emerging and recognized.
Furthermore, glocal teachers in addition to the above qualities must possess the following distinct
characteristics and core values of Filipino teachers: (Master Plan for Teacher Education, 2017):
● Cultural and historical rootedness by building on the culture and the history of the
learners and the place;
● Ability to contextualized teaching-learning by using local and indigenous materials,
content and pedagogy whenever appropriate;
● Excellence in personal and professional competence, leadership, research, technology,
innovation and creativity;
● Responsiveness through social involvement and service, learner-centeredness, respect
and sensitivity for diversity and inclusiveness;
● Accountability and integrity by being a positive role model with strong moral
character, committed and conscientious, credible, honest and loyal;
● Ecological sensitivity by being resilient and a steward of the environment for
sustainability;
● Nationalism/Filipinism by being a responsible citizen and upholding the Filipino
identity amidst globalization (glocalization); and
● Faith in the Divine Providence by being humane, just, peace-loving and respectful of
human rights.
The need for glocal teachers is on the rise in several countries worldwide. Even developed
countries are in dire need of competent teachers who will teach in rural and urban classrooms imbued
with the characteristics and attributes of a glocal teacher.
Self-check Questions
1. The concept of globalization came about in recent years because the world has become borderless
primarily due to: - Understanding
a. advances in technology
b. use of English as a medium of teaching
c. ASEAN integration
d. teacher exchange programs
2. Which statement is NOT TRUE about professional teacher of the 21st century? – Analysis
a. The Filipino teacher abroad should know and understand the culture of the place of teaching.
b. The glocal teacher is one who enhances knowledge and skills to address the global demands
but has a strong affiliation to the local culture and traditions.
c. Blending the knowledge, skills and values appropriate for the world but preserving those of
one‟s own country is the essence of glocalization.
d. Disregard of cultural diversity and a focus on the 21 st century skills is the ultimate goal of
globalized education.
3. When Roland Robertson started to use the phrase “think local, act global” he meant that –
Understanding
a. even if you will be teaching in your hometown, your competence is world class.
b. you should limit your lessons only to local knowledge, values and aspiration
c. you should use examples in your lessons from foreign countries.
d. you believe that the best examples are coming from abroad.
5. Which set of core values should a Filipino teacher possess to become a glocal teacher? – Analysis
a. cultural and historical rootedness and nationalism
b. economic excellence and materialism
c. inclusivity and self-preservation
d. borderless thinking and interconnectivity
A closer look at the Teachers and the Teaching Profession in the ASEAN and beyond
- Purita P. Bilbao, EdD
Referencing is looking into each country’s educational practices in order to harmonize a sthe
ASEAN converge with One Vision, One Identity into One Community.
Learning outcomes
● Draw a holistic picture of the teachers and the teaching profession in the ASEAN.
● Appreciate the similarities of the characteristics of the ASEAN teachers and teaching
profession as these respond to global standards.
● Compare the ASEAN teachers and teaching profession with three other countries of the
world-Japan, china and the United States of America.
● Review the Global Teacher Status Index and learn lesson it.
Let us now look closely at the teaching profession and professional of the ten ASEAN member
countries as a whole.
follows.
1. 1.Primary level is composed usually of Pre-primary (Play-school, Pre-k, Kindergarten) and the
Primary
level which is composed of Grade 1 aged 6 yrs. Old; Grade 2 aged 7 yrs. Old; Grade 3, aged
8 yrs. Old; Grade 4, aged 9 yrs. Old., Grade 5 age 10 yrs. Old, and Grade 6 aged 11 yrs. Old.
In the Philippines, the label primary level refers to elementary level. The
elementary level has two sublevels, the primary grades which include Kindergarten to Grade 4
and the intermediate grades which include Grade 5 and Grade 6.
2.Secondary level follows the primary level. Generally across the ASEAN it is
composed of Junior High School and the Senior High School. The graduate from the senior
high school can proceed to college or find a job appropriate to the qualification. However,
there are slight variations in some countries such as Lower Secondary level is there years with
Grades 7, 8 and 9 while the Upper Secondary level is composed of Grades 10, 11 and 12.
In the Philippines, the Junior High School is composed of Grades 7, 8, 9, 10
while Grades 11 and 12 belong to the Senior High school.
3.Tertiary level is the college level which is beyond the basic education in all the
countries in the ASEAN. It is the ladder of educational system where the student earns a
bachelor‟s degree in teacher education, which is a requirement to take a licensure
examination to become a professional teacher.
In the Philippines, the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
(TESDA) provides diploma and training certificates for lifelong learning. The agency also assists
in the implementation of the senior high school technical-vocational tracks.
The pre-service teacher gets appropriate qualification degree in the tertiary
level in order to teach in their elementary or secondary levels of the education system in either
the public or private school in a particular country. In addition to the degree, most countries
have specific recruitment policies and guidelines.
The admission to pre-service teacher education varies from the graduates of Grade 9 or
Grade 12. In remote places of Lao PDR, Indonesia, Myanmar and Cambodia, pre-school, pre-
primary of kindergarten future teachers can have 9 years of basic education (Grade 9) and get
an advanced training for 3 years to become teachers (9 yrs. of basic education + 3 years
teacher preparation)
For teachers of lower secondary level, future teachers should have 12 years of basic
education and 2 years of teacher preparation to earn a Diploma in Teaching.
For upper secondary level, the requirement is 12 years of basic education plus 4 to 5
years of teacher preparation to earn a Bachelor‟s degree. However for non-education degree
graduates they can take the post graduate diploma in Education/Teaching. This will mean an
equivalent to 12 years of basic education plus 4 to 5 years of Baccalaureate Degree plus one
year of Graduate Diploma.
Qualified professionally trained, motivated and well supported teachers are the key to
quality education. The future teacher academic preparations should be responsive to this call.
Common to all the ASEAN countries, are four important components which are being
addressed in the preparation of teachers!:
2. Pedagogy
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics -Appendices.)
Well done! If you have difficulty in accomplishing the activity please send me a message to our google class
or email for clarification or send a text message/phone calls using the contact number included in your course
guide
Responsibilities
There are three major responsibilities of professional teachers across the different
countries. These are (1) Actual teaching, (2) Management of learning and (3) Administrative
work. All these responsibilities have to be carried out in the teaching hours required which is 6-
8 hours per day, 40-45 hours per week, 4 weeks per month and 10 months per year. In
between the teaching days, are holidays specific to the country which may either be civic
holiday or religious holidays.
1. Actual Teaching
2. Management of Learning
3. Administrative Work
“Benchmarking is learning the best from the best practices of the world’s best educational systems.”
There are three examples of countries beyond the ASEAN. These are China, Japan
and the United States of America. These countries were included as samples in the 2013
Global Teacher Status Index. Let us find out how their teaching profession practices are
similar to the ASEAN.
Activity 1. Research on how the teaching profession practices of China, Japan and United
States similar to the ASEAN
Activity 2. Attached details for the documentation using 1 short folder for each country.
Examples: pictures, handbook, etc.
Table 3: Global Teacher Status Index, 2013
Country Inde Ra Country Inde Ran
x n x k
Rati k Rati
ng ng
China 100 1 Spain 30.7 12
Greece 73.7 2 Finland 28.9 13
Turkey 68.0 3 Portugal 26.0 14
South 62.0 4 Switzerland 23.8 15
Korea
New 5 Germany 21.6 16
Zealand
Egypt 6 Japan 16.2 17
Singapore 7 Italy 13.0 18
Netherlan 8 Czech 12.1 19
ds Republic
U.S.A 9 Brazil 2.4 20
UK 10 Israel 2.0 21
France 11 Nothing
follows
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics enclosed in Appendices.)
Learning Outcomes
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics enclosed in Appendices.)
The historical and Legal Bases of Continuing Professional Development in the Philippines
Even before the enactment of this CPD Act of 2016, CPD was already alluded to in
1987 Philippine Constitution. No less than the fundamental law of the land, Section 5,
Paragraph 4, states: “The State shall enhance the right of teachers to professional
advancement.”
1. Batas Pambansa 232, the Education Act of 1982, Chapter 3. Duties and Obligations,
Section 16, (4) states as one of teacher‟s obligations to assume the responsibility to maintain
and sustain his professional growth and advancement…”
2. RA 9155, An Act Instituting a Framework of Government for Basic Education, Establishing
Authority and Accountability, remaining the Department of Education, and for other purposes,
was enacted on August 11, 2001. In the enumeration of duties and functions of the Secretary
of Education, Section 7 A., to wit.
3. R.A. 7836, the Teachers‟ Professionalization Act, also provided for mandatory Continuing
Professional Education (CPE), now referred to as Continuing Professional Development
(CPD), to wit:
Unfortunately, due to lack of funding, the merit examination has not been
4. The Board for Professional Teachers (BPT) also passed Resolution No. 435, s. 177 to adopt the
Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers pursuant to the provisions of paragraph € Article 11 of RA.
7836, otherwise known as The Philippine Teachers‟ Professionalization Act of 1994. This Code of
Ethics states:
WHEREAS, the professionals who undertake the CPE programs are enabled
not only to upgrade or improve their technical knowledge and skills but also to keep
them abreast with modern trends and technology in their respective professions,
thereby assuring the rendition of highly qualitative professional service/s that will be
globally competitive under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and
the same time securing the safety and protection of the public;
6. R.A. 10912, Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016 – With the enactment of
this law, CPD for all the forty- three (43) professions regulated by PRC including the
teaching profession has become mandatory.
The Salient Provisions of RA 10912, The Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016
A lot of acquisitions have been raised about RA. 10912, otherwise known as the
Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016. Many a teacher resists CPD. It is claimed to
be extra expense, extra effort and extra time when in fact it is very professional‟s obligation.
CPD is the only way professionals can sharpen their competitive edge in an international world
that has become global village. The need for CPD is heightened by ASEAN integration and
internationalization standards. The way to go is CPD.
The purposes of CPD for professionals are stated in RA 10912, Article 1 Declaration of Policy.
It is hereby declared the policy of the State to promote and upgrade the
practice of professions in the country. Towards this end, the State shall institute
measures that will continuously improve the competence of the professionals in
accordance with the international standards of practice, thereby, ensuring their
contribution in uplifting the general welfare, economic growth and development of the
nation. (Underscoring mine)
The State policy on promoting and upgrading the practice of professional Identification
Card (PICs) of all registered and licensed professionals… How many credits units are required
for the renewal of PICs? For the professional teachers‟ group, based on Professional
Regulatory Board for Professional Teachers Resolution No. 11, series of 2017, the following
credit units are required:
As shown in the figure below CPD credit units can be earned in 4 ways.
In addition, self-directed track includes serving as accreditor (e.g. ISO, ISA, PACUCOA,
PAASCU, AACUP, etc.) it also includes study tours and socio-civic activities using the
profession.
4. Productive Scholarship – This means that the professional teacher has developed
program/training moduke, curriculum guide or any other resource material. Or the
professional teacher has written an article in a professional magazine or a technical/research
paper and even better if that technical paper is published in a referred/peer – reviewed
professional journal. Best if the professional teacher writes a book or a monograph or comes
up with an invention or creative work, the latter entitles him/her to 45 credit units.
Even professional and/or lifetime achievement awards from the division level to
regional, national and international level make the professional teacher earn credit units.
For specific number of credit units earned by professional teachers per CPD activity,
refer to Professional Regulatory Board for Professional Teachers Resolution No. 11, series of
2017. (refer to Appendix J.)
As this Chapter on CPD is being written, discussions in the Senate are going on for
possible amendments on CPD implementation.
Developing a personal CPD Plan helps teacher leaders develop purposively. It is not
enough to have a good intention to do CPD. It is best that good intention should be made
concrete in a simple and doable plan. Every professional who has sincere intent to grow
professionally must have an annual personal CPD plan.
Professional teachers formulating their respective annual CPD plans and faithfully
observing them lead to the building of a CPD culture among professional teachers. With the
CPD culture, the negative attitude towards mandatory CPD hopefully will fade away.
ACTIVITY 1.
Teacher‟s Individual Plan for Professional Development (IPPD)
ACTIVITY 2
Summary
One cannot give what does not have. A teacher who embraces Continuing Professional
Development will have more to give to his/her students and to all others whom he/she serves.
The CPD Act of 2016 requires every professional teacher to go through CPD. CPD
units are a requirement for the renewal of professional licenses. Let us learn from the CPD
practices of countries which are known for their sterling school performance. Finland and New
Zealand have institutionalized CPD and so set time for CPD within the teachers, teaching
schedule. In New Zealand, teachers observe other teachers, attend professional development
activities, courses and work on curriculum, mentor teachers deliberately and spend time to
observe and confer with beginning teachers.
Japan is well-known for its lesson study where a teacher demonstrates a lesson as
he/she is observed by his/her colleagues. The demonstration lesson is open to critiquing by
fellow teachers for professional development.
Singapore has its lesson study, too, in addition to teacher researcher Networks, Lesson
Study and other forms of “Learning Circles.”
RESEARCH CON CONNECTION
Interview teachers (virtual or phone calls) who have been teaching for 3 years, 5 years
and more than 5 years. Ask each of them how they go through Continuing Professional
Development. Write your findings in the matrix given below.
Probl Research
em Methodology
Findi Conclu
ngs sions
UNIT 5 OUR PHILOSOPHICAL HERITAGE:
PHILOSOPHIES OF EDUCATION
We are heirs to a rich philosophical heritage. Passed on to us are a number of philosophies of
various thinkers who lived before us. These thinkers reflected on life in this planet. They
occupied themselves searching for answers to questions about human existence, Theses
existential questions come in different versions- “what is life?” “who am I?” why am I here?” or
what am I living for?” what is reality?” “Is the universe real?” “What is good to do?” “How
should I live life meaningfully?” and the like. p
Find out to which philosophy you adhere. To what extent does each statement apply to
you? Rate yourself 4 if you agree with the statement always, 3 if you agree but not always, 2 if
you agree sometimes, and 1 I you don‟t agree at all.
Statement 1 2 3 4
1 There is no
substitute for
concrete
experience in
learning.
2 The focus of
education should be
the ideas that are as
relevant today as when
they
were first conceived.
Thank you for accomplishing the outputs. (Please refer to rubrics enclosed in Appendices.)
● Constructivism
Why teach. Constructivist sees to develop intrinsically motivated and independent
learners adequately equipped with learning skills for them to be able to construct
knowledge and make meaning of them.
What to teach. The learners are taught how to learn. They are taught learning
processes and skills such as researching, critiquing and evaluating information, relating
theses= pieces of information, reflecting on the same, making meaning out of them,
drawing insights, posing questions, researching and constructing new knowledge out
of these bits of information learned.
How to teach. in the constructivist classroom, the teacher provides students with data
or experiences that allow them to hypothesize, predict, manipulate objects, pose
questions, research, investigate, imagine, and invent.
● Essentialism
Why teach. This philosophy contends that teachers teach for learners to acquire
basic knowledge, skills and values. Teachers teach “not to radically reshape society
but rather to transmit the traditional moral values and intellectual knowledge that
students need to become model citizens.”
What to teach. Essentialism programs are academically rigorous. The emphasis is on
academic content for students to learn the basic skills or the fundamental r‟s – reading,
„riting, „rithmetic., right conduct – as these are essential to the acquisition of higher or
more complex skills needed in preparation for adult life.
How to teach. Essentialist teachers emphasize mastery of subject matter. They
are expected to be intellectual and moral models of their students.
● Progressivism
Why teach. Progressivist teachers teach to develop learners into becoming enlightened
and intelligent citizens of a democratic society.
What to teach. The progressivists are identified with need-based and relevant
curriculum. This is a curriculum that “responds to students‟ needs and that relates to
students‟ personal lives and experiences.” How to teach. Progressivists teachers
employ experiential methods. They believe that one learns by doing.
● Perrenialism
Why teach. we are all rational animals. Schools should, therefore, develop the
students‟ rational and moral powers.
What to teach. The perennialist curriculum is a universal one on the view that all
human beings possess the same essential nature.
How to teach. The perennialist classrooms are “centered around teachers.”
● Existentialism
Why to teach. The main concern of the existentialists is “to help students understand
and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings and actions.”
What to teach. “In an existentialist curriculum, students are given a wide variety of
options from which to choose.” Students are afforded great latitude in their choice of
subject matter.
How to teach. “Existentialist methods focus on the individual. Learning is self-paced, self-directed.
● Behaviorism
Why teach. Behaviorist schools are concerned with the modification and shaping of
students‟ behavior by providing for a favorable environment, since they believe that
they are a product of their environment.
What to teach. Because behaviorists look at “people and other animals… as complex
combinations of matter that act only in response to internally or externally generated
physical stimuli.”
How to teach. Behaviorist teachers “ought to arrange environmental conditions so that
students can make the responses to stimuli.
● Linguistic Philosophy
Why teach. to develop the communication skills of the learner because the ability
articulate, to voice out the meaning and values of things that one obtains from his/her
experience of life and the world is the very essence of man.
What to teach. Learners should be taught to communicate clearly how to send clear,
concise messages and how to receive and correctly understand messages sent.
How to teach. The most effective way to teach language and communication is the experiential
way.
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
Answer each with a YES or No. If your answer is NO, explain your answer in a sentence.
● Essentialism
2. Is the model citizen of the essentialist the citizen who contributes to the re-building of society?
● Progressivism
● Perennialism
5. Are the perennialism teachers concerned with the students‟ mastery of the fundamental skills?
6. Do the perennialist teachers see the wisdom of ancient, medieval and modern times?
● Existentialism
7. Is the existentialist teacher after students becoming specialists in order to contribute to society?
● Behaviorism
10. Do behaviorist teachers spend their time teaching their students on how to
repond favorably to various environmental stimuli?
● Linguistic Philosophy
12. Is the communication that linguistic philosophers encourage limited to verbal language only?
● Consructivism
“one looks back with appreciation to the brilliant teachers but with gratitude to those who
touched our human feelings.” – Carl Jung
Teaching has a lot of demands. That is why only a few answer the call to teach. Even for those
who respond to the call, sometimes their response is half-hearted because they find
themselves in a situation where there is no other choice. Or it finally, they become professional
teachers they introduce themselves as teacher “lang” (meaning teacher only) or leave after
three or four years of teaching. Only a few embrace it as their mission while on earth. Yet, it
has always been described as the noblest profession.
View the moving story of Teddy and Ms. Thompson at YouTube title “Three Letters from Teddy.”
Teaching is the noblest of all professions because in teaching we help develop people.
We work with human minds and hearts to help persons become more human. Teaching is
touching lives. In that way, teachers help shape the future.
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX C
Republic Act No. 4670 -The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX F
APPENDIX G
APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 “Education Act of 1982” An Act Providing For The Establishment and
maintenance of an Integrated system of Education
APPENDIX J
Professional Regulatory Board for Professional Teachers Resolution No. 11 series of 2017 APPENDIX K
APPENDIX L
Name Date
Instructor Years/Course
Evaluation Rubric for Video Production
Levels of Performance
Activity 1 p.4
Message is
Strong
Message vaguely
Message is message.
is unclear. communicat
clearly Covers topic
Includes e
Overa communicat completely
little d.
ll e and in
essential Includes
Conte d. Includes depth.
information some
nt essential Includes
and one or essential
informatio complete
two facts. informati
n. information.
on with
few facts.
Digital Any digital Digital
Little or no
enhancement enhancemen enhancement
enhancement
s accompany t s that are s are planned
s add interest
video, but used and
Technical: to the video,
there is little combine purposeful,
or excessive
Digital sign of smoothly adding
use of
PRODUCT reinforcemen and impact to the
Enhancem random
en ts or t effectively story line or
enhancement
Effects . Some with the focus.
s detracts
tendency video.
from the
toward
video.
randomness
with
effects.
Digital Any digital Digital
Little or no
enhancemen enhancemen enhancement
enhancemen
ts t s that are s are planned
t s add
accompany used and
Technical: interest to
video, but combine purposeful,
the video, or
Digital there is little smoothly adding
excessive
Enhancem sign of and impact to the
use of
en ts or reinforceme effectively story line or
random
Effects nt with the focus.
enhancemen
. Some video.
t s detracts
tendency
from the
toward
video.
randomnes
s with
effects.
Works well Works well
Cannot Works with
with others. with others.
work with others, but
Takes part Assumes a
others. Cann has difficulty
Cooperati in most clear role
ot share sharing
ve Group decisions and related
decisions or decisions
Work and responsibiliti
responsibiliti and
contributes e
e s. responsibiliti
fair share to s.
e s.
group. Motivates
others.
There are no Citations are Citations are Citations
citations or given, but given, give
are no some sources of proper
references to multimedia multimedia credit. Every
copyright sources are are photo,
information not identified, graphic or
Copyright sound file is
for photos, identified but
graphics, with permission either
and music references, to reproduce original or
created by and is missing. permission
others. permission for its use by
to reproduce the owner is
is missing. documented.
About the Compiler
Program.
Medina College, Ozamiz City. Also, finished her Master of Arts in Administration and Supervision at
Further, gained her undergraduate course Bachelor in Elementary Education with specialization
in English at Andres Bonifacio College, Dipolog City. Prior to her mentorship at present in Jose Rizal
Memorial State University, she had spent twenty one (21) years in DepEd, Dipolog City Schools
Division, Dipolog City starting from a classroom teacher to a school Principal up to Division Subject
Area Coordin