UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA

COLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
MSc. Reproductive Physiology and Animal Health

MUGUO MOUAFO BRICE

UBa20PP178

ANATOMY OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

APAP6210
CORSE INSTRUCTOR: Prof. J. AWAH NDUKUM

COMPARE THE EXTERNAL GENITALIA AND ACCESSORY REPRODUCTIVE

ORGANS OF THE GOAT AND PIG

1) Comparison of the Male External Genitalia, and the Accessory reproductive

organs.
Differences
S Organ/ Buck Boar
/ Accessory
N organ
A External genitalia (Accessory organs): penis, scrotum, urethra, prepuce
1 Penis External urethra opening opens Has a twisted crania which is screw
into twisted groove (Hook like) like, and only a small glans
Short fibroelastic penis which is Long fibroelastic penis which is firm
firm when not erect when not erect
Helmet shaped glans Glans are not helmet shape
Sigmoid flexus less wide Sigmoid flexus wider than those of
other farm animals
External urethra opening opens Has a twisted crania which is screw
into twisted groove (Hook like) like, and only a small glans
2 Urethra Free portion of the urethra No free urethra opening
extends beyond glans
Urethral muscle completely Urethral muscles surrounds only the
encircles urethra ventral and lateral aspects
3 Scrotum Hangs between the legs. Located immediately ventral to the
anus, i.e. attached to the body behind
the hind leg.
Medial raphe is not prominent The scrotum contains a prominent
i.e. The distinction between the medial raphe, i.e. The septum gives a
scrotal sacs is not very clear distinction between the two
pronounced. scrotal sacs
Covered with fine hairs Absence of hair on the scrotum
Presence of a neck Absence of a neck

1
4 Prepuce No preputial diverticulum Has a preputial diverticulum dorsal to
the preputal orifice
B Accessory glands: Ampulla, vesicular gland, prostate, bulbourethral glands
1 Ampulla Well developed Absent
2 Vesicular Compact lobulated glands of Larger and less compact lobulated
gland considerable size. glands compared to those of the buck.
Merges with the ipsilated ductus Opens into the urethra separately from
deferens and empties into the the ductus deferens
pelvic urethra
3 Prostate The body of the gland is smaller Larger in boar
gland
4 Bulbourethr The body of the gland is smaller Especially larger in boars
al gland

Similarities

 The scrotum houses the testes

 A layer of fibroelastic tissues mixed with smooth muscle fibers (Tunica dartos)
lies immediately beneath the skin
 Presence of a scrotal septum, which divides the scrotum into 2 compartments
 They both have a sigmoid flexus, and lengthening of the penis is by straightening
of the sigmoid flexus.
 The penis is divided into the glands, body and roots
 They both have fibroelastic penis which is firm when not erect

 The relative position of all the accessory reproductive glands is similar in all
buck and boar.
 All the glands are paired, except for the prostate
 The prostate gland is located between the pelvic urethra and the ventrocaudal
portion of the vesicular gland in boar and bucks.

2) Comparison of the external genital of females and their accessory organs

Differences
S/N Organ/ Doe Sow
accessory
organ
A External Genitalia: Vestibule and vulva, labia major and minora, clitoris.
1 Vulva Protruding muscular vulva Not protruding and less muscular
vulva
The distance between the vulva The distance between the vulva and
and the anus is shorter anus is longer
2 Clitoris A greater part is buried into the Long and sinuous, terminating into a
mucosa of the vestibule small point or cone

2
B Accessory reproductive organs: uterus, oviduct, mammary gland, vagina
1 Uterus Less extensive Smaller than that of the doe
The caruncles of uterine glands Uterine gland are scattered
are not glandular throughout the endometrium
2 Oviduct Smaller uterine body and horn Large uterine body and horn
Shorter uterine horns (Not Coiled and longer uterine horn
coiled)
3 Mammary Only the inguinal mammary gland Develops through axillary to inguinal
gland develops extent of milk line
Individual glands are closely Individual glands are not closely
associated to each other associated to each other
I udder with 2 individual glands, Presence of mammary line with about
i.e. 2 teats 7 pairs of teats
Each half of the udder has only A teat contains 2 streak canal, and 2
one teat, one streak canal, one teat cistern
teat cistern and one gland cistern
The teats are sparsely covered Teat is hairless
with fine hair

Similarities
 The vulva comprises of both a right and left labia, which meets on the midline
dorsoventrally at the dorsal and ventral commissure respectively.
 The ventral commissure conceals the clitoris.

 They are both biconate, have 1 vagina, 1 cervix, 1 uterine body and 2 uterine
horns.
 The uterus contains a body, cervix and 2 horns in both species.
 The uterus is suspended bilateral from the wall by the mesometrium.
 They both have a uterine gland, which is particularly active during estrus,
pregnancy.
 The inner surface of the cervix is arranged in a series of circular ridge in doe, and
to some extent sow.
 The vagina lies within the pelvis, between the uterus cranially to the vulva in
both species.
 Their oviducts have an infundibulum.
 Milk discharges at the tip of each gland.