You are on page 1of 7

2020 IEEE IAS Industrial and Commercial Power System Asia Technical Conference

1HXWUDO&XUUHQW&KDUDFWHULVWLFVDQG6XSSUHVVLRQ
6WUDWHJLHVRI7UDQVIRUPHUVLQ8UEDQ6XEVWDWLRQV
+DQ)DQJ +DLMLQJ:DQJ <DMXQ4LDR /H/XDQ
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Power Test&Research Electrical Power Test&Research Electrical Power Test&Research
Advanced Electromagnetic Institute Institute Institute
Engineering and Technology, Guangzhou Power Supply Guangzhou Power Supply Guangzhou Power Supply
Hubei Electric Power Security Bureau  Bureau  Bureau 
and High Efficiency Key *XDQJ]KRX&KLQD *XDQJ]KRX&KLQD *XDQJ]KRX&KLQD
Laboratory, School of Electrical KMZDQJJ]#FRP \MTLDR#FRP OXDQOHJXDQJ]KRX#FRP
and Electronic Engineering, 
Huazhong University of Science
and Technology
:XKDQ&KLQD
0#KXVWHGXFQ

+RQJELQ:DQJ -LQOL=KX -LQIDQ&KHQ =KDR\XDQ:DQJ


Electrical Power Test&Research State Key Laboratory of State Key Laboratory of State Key Laboratory of
Institute Advanced Electromagnetic Advanced Electromagnetic Advanced Electromagnetic
Guangzhou Power Supply Engineering and Technology, Engineering and Technology, Engineering and Technology,
Bureau  Hubei Electric Power Security Hubei Electric Power Security Hubei Electric Power Security
*XDQJ]KRX&KLQD and High Efficiency Key and High Efficiency Key and High Efficiency Key
J]MZKE#FRP Laboratory, School of Electrical Laboratory, School of Electrical Laboratory, School of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering,  and Electronic Engineering,  and Electronic Engineering, 
Huazhong University of Science Huazhong University of Science Huazhong University of Science
and Technology and Technology and Technology
:XKDQ&KLQD :XKDQ&KLQD :XKDQ&KLQD
#TTFRP '#KXVWHGXFQ ZDQJ]KDR\XDQ#KXVWHGXFQ

&KHQJ[LRQJ0DR 'DQ:DQJ 
State Key Laboratory of State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Electromagnetic Advanced Electromagnetic
Engineering and Technology, Engineering and Technology,
Hubei Electric Power Security Hubei Electric Power Security
and High Efficiency Key and High Efficiency Key
Laboratory, School of Electrical Laboratory, School of Electrical
and Electronic Engineering,  and Electronic Engineering, 
Huazhong University of Science Huazhong University of Science
and Technology and Technology
:XKDQ&KLQD :XKDQ&KLQD
F[PDR#KXVWHGXFQ ZDQJGDQ#PDLOKXVWHGXFQ

Abstract²,QXUEDQVXEVWDWLRQVQHDUWKHUDLOWUDQVLWDEQRUPDO VWUDWHJ\ IRU WKH FXUUHQW LV SURSRVHG )RU YHULILFDWLRQ WKH
FDVHVDSSHDUIUHTXHQWO\LQWKHJURXQGLQJWUDQVIRUPHUVZKLFKFDQ VLPXODWLRQSURYHVWKHHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIWKHZKROHUHVHDUFK
FDXVHQHJDWLYHHIIHFWVLQWKHRSHUDWLRQRIWKHSRZHUV\VWHP7KLV
SKHQRPHQRQ DWWUDFWV WKH DWWHQWLRQ RI WKH UHVHDUFKHUV DQG Keywords—grounding transformer; urban rail transit; neutral
XOWLPDWHO\SRLQWVWRWKHLQYDGLQJVWUD\FXUUHQWOHDNHGIURPWKHUDLO current; harmonic; ground current; DC magnetic bias; series active
WUDQVLWQHDUE\%DVHGRQWKHPHDVXUHPHQWUHVXOWVLQWKHVXEVWDWLRQ filtering
WKH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW LQ WKH JURXQGLQJ
WUDQVIRUPHU DUH DQDO\]HG ,Q WKLVZD\WKHUHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ , ,1752'8&7,21
WKH FKDQJH RI WUDQVIRUPHU QHXWUDO FXUUHQW DQG WKH RSHUDWLRQ RI ,QUHFHQW\HDUVWKHSRZHUV\VWHPDQGWKHXUEDQUDLOWUDQVLW
UDLO WUDQVLW LV SUHVHQWHG 7KHQ WKH FDXVH RI KDUPRQLFV LQ WKH GHYHORS UDSLGO\ LQ &KLQD >@ 5DLO WUDQVLW OLQHV DQG $&
FXUUHQW LV PRGHOHG DQG DQDO\]HG $W ODVW D QHZ VXSSUHVVLRQ
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU'DQ:DQJ

978-1-7281-4303-3/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE 616

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
WUDQVPLVVLRQQHWZRUNFULVVFURVVHGEHQHDWKWKHPDMRUFLWLHV>@
$W WKH VDPH WLPH DEQRUPDO YLEUDWLRQ QRLVH DQG WHPSHUDWXUH
ULVHDUHVHYHUHLQXUEDQWUDQVIRUPHUVZKLFKVHULRXVO\DIIHFWVWKH
SRZHUV\VWHP>@7KLVSUREOHPLVUHODWHGWRWKHVWUD\FXUUHQW
OHDNHGIURPUDLOWUDQVLWZKLFKLVWKHUDLOWUDQVLWJURXQGFXUUHQW
7KH UDLO WUDQVLW JURXQG FXUUHQW LV PDLQO\ JHQHUDWHG E\ WKH
WUDFWLRQ SRZHU VXSSO\ V\VWHP LQ WKH XUEDQ UDLO WUDQVLW 7KLV
FXUUHQW FDQ LQYDGH WKH WUDQVIRUPHU QHXWUDO SRLQW DQG WKHQ EH
LPSRUWHG WR WKH SRZHU V\VWHP $V D UHVXOW WKH XQXVXDO
SKHQRPHQRQDERYHPD\KDSSHQLQWKHWUDQVIRUPHU
)RUQRZWKHUHVHDUFKVWDWXVRQWKHJURXQGFXUUHQWFDQEH
GLYLGHG LQWR WKUHH SDUWV 7KH ILUVW EDVLFDOO\ IRFXV RQ WKH
FLUFXODWLRQDQGGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHJURXQGFXUUHQWLQFOXGLQJ
+9'& JURXQG HOHFWURGH FXUUHQW DQG JHRPDJQHWLFDOO\
LQGXFHGFXUUHQWV *,&V >@7KHVHFRQGLVWKHLPSDFWRI
WKHJURXQGFXUUHQW7KLVFXUUHQWFDQQRWRQO\FRUURGHEXULHG
PHWDOSLSHOLQHVEXWDOVRFDXVHWKH'&PDJQHWLFELDVLQWKH
WUDQVIRUPHU>@0DQ\UHVHDUFKHVRQWKH'&PDJQHWLFELDV
KDYHEHHQFDUULHGRXWOLNHWKHFDOFXODWLRQRIWKHWUDQVIRUPHU
FRUH ORVV DQG QRQOLQHDU FKDUDFWHULVWLFV LQ GLIIHUHQW 
WUDQVIRUPHUV>@,QDGGLWLRQVXSSUHVVLRQVWUDWHJLHV DUH )LJWKH7HVWHGORFDWLRQRIWKHUHVHDUFK
DOVR SURSRVHG VXFK DV FXUUHQW LQMHFWLRQ DQG VHULHV
FDSDFLWDQFH>@
$W SUHVHQW WKH LQIOXHQFH RI UDLO WUDQVLW JURXQG FXUUHQW
KHUHLQDIWHU UHIHUUHG WR DV JURXQG FXUUHQW  RQ JURXQGLQJ
WUDQVIRUPHUVKDVQRWEHHQGHHSO\VWXGLHG7KHSUREOHPFDQ
EHVROYHGLQWKUHHVWHSVILUVWWKHKDUPRQLFFRPSRQHQWVRIWKH
&XUUHQW $

JURXQGFXUUHQWDUHDQDO\]HGEDVHGRQWKH)RXULHUWUDQVIRUP7KH
FKDQJLQJ WUHQG RI WKH JURXQG FXUUHQW LV FRPSDUHG ZLWK WKH
RSHUDWLQJ FRQGLWLRQV RI UDLO WUDQVLW 6HFRQG WKH FDXVH RI
KDUPRQLFVLQWKHJURXQGFXUUHQWLVPRGHOHGDQGDQDO\]HG7KH
ODVWVWHSLVWRSURSRVHDVWUDWHJ\WRVXSSUHVVWKHJURXQGFXUUHQW
7KH ZKROH VROXWLRQLVEDVHGRQWKHPHDVXUHPHQWUHVXOWRI WKH
QHXWUDOFXUUHQWLQDN9VXEVWDWLRQ
7LPH V
,, &+$5$&7(5,67,&$1$/<6,6211(875$/&855(172) 
68%67$7,21 )LJWKH506YDOXHRIWKHWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOFXUUHQW

A. The Measurement of Neutral current )LJ  VKRZV WKH FKDQJH RI WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW LV TXLWH
7KH WHVWHG ORFDWLRQLV VKRZQLQ )LJ ZKLFKLV D  N9 FRQVLVWHQW ZLWK WKH UXQQLQJ WLPH RI WKH XUEDQ UDLO WUDQVLW
VXEVWDWLRQ QHDU WKH UDLO WUDQVLW 7KLV VXEVWDWLRQ LV QRLVLHU WKDQ (VSHFLDOO\GXULQJWKHGD\WLPHODUJHFXUUHQWIOXFWXDWLRQDSSHDUV
RWKHUVXEVWDWLRQVIDUDZD\IURPWKHUDLOWUDQVLW$QHXWUDOFXUUHQW ,QWKHSHULRGEHWZHHQDQGWKHFXUUHQWLVYHU\VWDEOH
WHVWLVFRQGXFWHGWR DQDO\]HWKHLPSDFWRIJURXQGFXUUHQW)RU 1RZWKHUHVHDUFKIRFXVRQWKHVSHFLILFWLPHSHULRGV
WKHRYHUDOOFKDQJHWUHQGRIWKHDFWXDOQHXWUDOFXUUHQWWKH506
YDOXHLVUHFRUGHGHYHU\VDVVKRZQLQ)LJ B. Analysis On Neutral current in Specific Time Periods
$FFRUGLQJWRWKHDQDO\VLVDERYHWKHQH[WVWXG\IRFXVHVRQ
WKH VSHFLILF FKDQJLQJ WUHQG LQ WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW 1HXWUDO
FXUUHQWV PHDVXUHG GXULQJ WKH HYHQLQJ UXVK KRXU EHIRUH DQG
GXULQJWKHVKXWGRZQDUHWDNHQDVH[DPSOHV
7KH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW DQG 506 YDOXHV RI HDFK KDUPRQLF
GXULQJWKHHYHQLQJUXVKKRXUDUHVKRZQLQ)LJDQG)LJ,W
FDQEHUHFRJQL]HGWKDWWKH'&FXUUHQWDQGKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWVLQ
WKWK WKWKDQGWK RUGHUVDUHH[WUHPHO\ODUJH7KH
RGGRUGHUKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWLVFDXVHGE\WKHXQEDODQFHGWKUHH
SKDVHORDGLQWKHSRZHUJULG:LWKWKHKHDY\SDVVHQJHUFDSDFLW\
WKH UDLO WUDQVLW EHFRPHV EXV\ &RUUHVSRQGLQJO\ WKH WUDFWLRQ
FXUUHQWRIWKHUDLOWUDQVLWLVODUJHU

617

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 
)LJ7UDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOFXUUHQWGXULQJWKHHYHQLQJUXVKKRXU )LJ506YDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWLQWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOOLQH
EHIRUHWKHVKXWGRZQRIUDLOWUDQVLW

7KH 506 YDOXHV RI HDFK KDUPRQLF FXUUHQW GXULQJ WKH


VKXWGRZQ RI UDLO WUDQVLW DUH VKRZQ LQ )LJ  $W WKLV WLPH
KDUPRQLF FXUUHQWV QR ORQJHU H[LVW 7KH 506 YDOXH RI WKH
IXQGDPHQWDO ZDYH LV IOXFWXDWLQJ DURXQG $ 7KDW PHDQV WKH
WKUHHSKDVHORDGRIWKHSRZHUJULGLVV\PPHWULFDODWWKLVWLPH


)LJ506YDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWLQWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOOLQH
GXULQJWKHHYHQLQJUXVKKRXU

7KH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW DQG 506 YDOXHV RI HDFK KDUPRQLF


EHIRUHWKHVKXWGRZQRIUDLOWUDQVLWDUHVKRZQLQ)LJDQG)LJ

7KHILJXUHVVKRZZLWKWKHUHGXFWLRQRIWUDIILFORDGKDUPRQLF
)LJ506YDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWLQWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOOLQH
FXUUHQWV JUDGXDOO\ GHFUHDVH %XW WKH '& FXUUHQW LV UHODWLYHO\ GXULQJWKHVKXWGRZQRIUDLOWUDQVLW
ODUJH XS WR $  $W WKLV WLPH D ODUJH QXPEHU RI WUDLQV DUH
GHFHOHUDWLQJ ZKLFK LQFUHDVHV WKH WUDFWLRQ FXUUHQW &RPSDUHG ,,, ,1)/8(1&(2)5$,/75$16,72132:(5*5,'
ZLWKWKHFRQGLWLRQLQWKHHYHQLQJUXVKKRXUWKHUHPXVWEHHYHQ
PRUHWUDFWLRQFXUUHQWOHDNHGIURPWKHUDLOWUDQVLW 7KHUHFWLI\LQJXQLWZKLFKLVWKHSRZHUVRXUFHRIWKHXUEDQ
UDLOWUDQVLWFRQYHUWVWKH$&YROWDJHRIN9RUN9LQWRD'&
YROWDJHRI9,QDGGLWLRQWRWKHUHFWLI\LQJXQLWWKHSRZHU
VXSSO\V\VWHPLVIRUPHGE\WKHWUDFWLRQSRZHUOLQHDQGUDLO
7UDLQV RI WKH UDLO WUDQVLW DUH GULYHQ E\ HOHFWULFLW\ IURP WKH
WUDFWLRQ SRZHU OLQH :KHQ WKH FXUUHQW IORZV WKURXJK WKH UDLO
SRWHQWLDO LQ WKH VRLO FKDQJHV VLJQLILFDQWO\ 7KHQ LW FDXVHV D
SRWHQWLDO GLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKH UDLO WUDQVLW DQGWKH JURXQGLQJ
SRLQWRIWKHQHDUE\VXEVWDWLRQ$VDUHVXOWVRPHRIWKHWUDFWLRQ
FXUUHQWV VWUD\ DQG IORZ LQWR WKH JURXQGLQJ WUDQVIRUPHU 7KH
SULQFLSOHRIFLUFXODWLRQLVVKRZQLQ)LJ


)LJ7UDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOFXUUHQWEHIRUHWKHVKXWGRZQRIUDLOWUDQVLW

618

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
VKLIWLQJHUURU7KHUHDVRQLVWKHWXUQVUDWLREHWZHHQWKHSKDVH
VKLIWLQJZLQGLQJDQGWKHPDLQZLQGLQJWXUQVLVQRWDQLQWHJHU
6XSSRVHWKHDQJXODUIUHTXHQF\LVȦWKHDPSOLWXGHRI3KDVH
$%LV07KHQWKHH[SUHVVLRQRIWKHOLQHWROLQHYROWDJHLV
 U AB M FRV Z t   
/HWįEHWKHSKDVHVKLIWLQJDQJOHHUURURIWKHWUDQVIRUPHU
7KH OLQHWROLQH YROWDJH DPSOLWXGH RI WKH SKDVH DE RI WKH
VHFRQGDU\ZLQGLQJGLVP7KHQ
S
  U ab m FRV Z t  G    

)LJWKH3ULQFLSOHRIVWUD\FXUUHQWIORZLQJLQWRWKHSRZHUJULG
7KDW LV WKH OLQHWROLQH YROWDJH RQ WKH VHFRQGDU\ VLGH LV
FRQVLGHUHG$VIRUWKHSKDVHDE ZLQGLQJ\ WKHOLQHWROLQH
,9 &$86(62)+$5021,&&855(176,11(875$/32,17
YROWDJHLV
$VVKRZQLQ&KDSWHUჟQHXWUDOFXUUHQWPD\FRQWDLQ'&DQG S
KDUPRQLFV %DVHG RQ WKH DQDO\VLV LQ &KDSWHU ჟ WKH '&  U a  b m FR V Z t   G    

FXUUHQWPD\EHWKHWUDFWLRQFXUUHQWOHDNHGIURPWKHUDLOWUDQVLW
2GGRUGHUKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWVDUHJHQHUDWHGEHFDXVHRIWKHORDG 7KHOLQHWROLQHYROWDJHVRIWKHSKDVHDE ZLQGLQJG DQG
DV\PPHWU\LQWKHSRZHUJULG7KHIROORZLQJUHVHDUFKLVRQWKH SKDVHDE ZLQGLQJ\ DUH
JHQHUDWLRQRIWKHHYHQKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWV S
 U a b  G  
m FRV Z t   
A. 6th and 12th Harmonic Current Produced by the Rectifier 
of the Traction Power Supply System S
 U a  b m FRV Z t   G    
SXOVH UHFWLILFDWLRQ LV WKH PDLQ SRZHU VRXUFH RI WKH 
XUEDQUDLOWUDQVLW$VDQH[DPSOHWKHSXOVHUHFWLILHULVIRUPHG 7KHULSSOHRIWKHSXOVHUHFWLILHU RQWKH'&VLGH LVVKRZQ
E\DSXOVH'\G SKDVHVKLIWLQJULGVLGHLVƒ D'\G LQ)LJ
FRQQHFWHGUHFWLILHUWUDQVIRUPHU SKDVHVKLIWLQJULGVLGHLVƒ 
DQGJURXSVRIIXOOZDYHUHFWLILHUEULGJHV$VDUHVXOWWKHSKDVH
SKDVRUVRIWKHVHFRQGDU\VLGHOLQHWROLQHYROWDJHGLIIHUE\ƒ
7KH\IRUPDUHFWLILFDWLRQV\VWHPDIWHUIXOOZDYHUHFWLILFDWLRQ


)LJWKH5LSSOHRIWKHSXOVHUHFWLILHU ZLWKSKDVHVKLIWLQJHUURU 

,Q)LJWKHYROWDJHVDWWWDQGWVDWLVI\
G  G S
S G G
Uab Uab m VLQ Zt   VLQ      
   
G  G  S S G  G 
U ab  Uab m VLQ Zt   VLQ    
    
)LJWKH6WUXFWXUHRISXOVHUHFWLILHUFLUFXLW G G S G G
U ab  U ab m VLQ Zt    VLQ   
     
:KHQ į DQG į DUH HTXDO WR  WKDWLV WKHUHLV QR SKDVH
VKLIWLQJDQJOHHUURU 7KHQ
U a b  U ab U ab  U ab U ab  U ab   
(TXDWLRQ  VKRZVWKHDUFOHQJWKRIDULSSOHLVʌDQG
WKH SHULRGLV7+RZHYHUWKHUHLVDSKDVHVKLIWLQJDQJOH
 HUURUZKHQįDQGįH[LVW 
)LJ9HFWRUVRISXOVHUHFWLILHUWUDQVIRUPHU
U a b  U ab U ab  U ab z U ab  U ab   
5HIHUHQFH>@DQG>@GHPRQVWUDWHWKHH[LVWHQFHRIWK ,WFDQEHVHHQIURP  WKDWWKHULSSOHSHULRGLV77KDW
DQGWKKDUPRQLFVLQWKHDQGSXOVHUHFWLILHUVUHVSHFWLYHO\ PHDQV'&VLGHYROWDJHIOXFWXDWLRQFKDQJHVLWVSHULRGIURP7
7KHUHDUH HYHQ PRUHKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWVEHFDXVHRIWKHSKDVH WR76RWKHUHDUHWKKDUPRQLFVFRQWDLQLQJLQWKHRXWSXW

619

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
FXUUHQW)RUWKHVDPHUHDVRQWKKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWVZLOOH[LVWLQ ­ia   d Z t d T 
WKHRXWSXWRIWKHSXOVHUHFWLILHU °
) dc  ) ac VLQ Z t  ) s
°
 ®ia   T  d Z t d T    
B. Even Harmonic Current Produced by DC Magnetic Bias ° k
in the Transformer °̄ i a   T  d Z t d S
$VVKRZQLQ&KDSWHUრWKHJURXQGFXUUHQWFRQWDLQVD'&
FRPSRQHQW 7KHQ WKH '& H[FLWDWLRQ PDJQHWRPRWLYH IRUFHV T  VLQ> )s  )dc  )ac@T  S  T  
JHQHUDWHGLQWKHZLQGLQJZLOOEHFRXSOHGZLWKWKH$&7KDWZLOO 7KH FXUYH RI WKH LGHDO H[FLWDWLRQ FXUUHQW VKRZV ZKHQ
VKLIWWKHZRUNLQJPDJQHWL]DWLRQFXUYHRIWKHWUDQVIRUPHU7KHQ 3KDVH$LVZRUNLQJLQWKHVDWXUDWLRQUHJLRQZKLOH3KDVH%
WKH'&PDJQHWLFELDVPD\H[LVW DQG&DUHLQWKHQRUPDOUHJLRQ
$VVKRZQLQ)LJWKHVLPSOLILHGPRGHOLVXVHGWRGHULYH ) dc  ) ac VLQ Z W  ) s
WKH H[SUHVVLRQ RI WKH H[FLWDWLRQ FXUUHQW &RQVLGHU WKH FDVH Ia 喙 Ib Ic t  
ZKHUHWKHQHXWUDOOLQHLVGLUHFWO\JURXQGHGRUJURXQGHGWKURXJK k
DQDUFVXSSUHVVLRQFRLOWKHQHXWUDOFXUUHQW,VLV 7KHQ
 Is IA  IB  IC    )dc  )ac VLQ Z W  )s
$OWKRXJK WKH WKUHHSKDVH H[FLWDWLRQ FXUUHQW FRQWDLQV Is Ia  Ib  Ic | Ia   
k
RGGRUGHUKDUPRQLFVWKHSKDVHDQJOHGLIIHUHQFHLV7KDW
6LQFHWKHUHLVDWKUHHSKDVHDV\PPHWU\LQWKHRSHUDWLRQ
PHDQV,VLVDSSUR[LPDWHO\HTXDOWR
RIWKH$&WUDQVIRUPHUDQGWKHDPSOLWXGHVDUHQRWFRPSOHWHO\
HTXDO WKHUH ZLOO EH IXQGDPHQWDO FXUUHQW LQ WKH QHXWUDO
FXUUHQW
/HWWKHWKUHHSKDVHFXUUHQWVEH ¾ ʌ 喧
­
° ia a V LQ Z t
°
  °® i b 
b V L Q Z t  S   
° 
° 
°̄ i c c V LQ Z t  S

:KHQWKHDPSOLWXGHVRIWKHWKUHHSKDVHFXUUHQWVRQWKH
SULPDU\VLGHDUHHTXDOWKHQ,V %XWLIDQXQHTXDOVLWXDWLRQ
RFFXUVWKHQ
  Is m ˜ VLQ Z W  M   
§   ·
 ¨¨ b c ¸¸
 VLQ M ©   ¹   
)LJWKH6LPSOLILHGPRGHOIRUWKHGLVWRUWLRQRIH[FLWDWLRQFXUUHQW
b c   
D     E c
$IWHUWKHLQWUXVLRQRI'&FXUUHQW3KDVH$ZRUNVLQWKH    
VDWXUDWLRQUHJLRQ3KDVH%DQG&ZRUNLQWKHQRUPDODUHD$W § b c·
WKLVWLPHWKHH[FLWDWLRQFXUUHQWLQ,$LQFUHDVHVVLJQLILFDQWO\ ¨a   ¸
 FRV M ©  ¹   
ZKLOHWKHFXUUHQWLQ3KDVH%DQG&FKDQJHOLWWOH,WFDQEH
UHFRJQL]HGWKDWWKHH[FLWLQJFXUUHQWLQ3KDVH$IORZVLQWRWKH b c   
D     E c
JURXQGWKURXJKWKHQHXWUDOOLQHRIWKHWUDQVIRUPHUUHVXOWLQJ    
LQDODUJH$&FRPSRQHQWLQWKHWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOFXUUHQW b c     
6HOHFW3KDVH$LQWKHVLPSOLILHGPRGHOLWVFXUUHQWDQG  m D    E c  
   
IOX[VDWLVI\WKHIROORZLQJH[SUHVVLRQV
)URPWKHGHULYDWLRQDERYHLWFDQEHUHFRJQL]HGWKDWWKH
­ ) a ) s  k   ) a t ) s
 ®     ZDYHIRUP RI WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW LV WKH GLVWRUWLRQ RI WKH
¯ ) a ) s   ) a d ) s H[FLWDWLRQ FXUUHQW LI '& PDJQHWLF ELDV H[LVWV WKH QHXWUDO
ĭV LV WKH PDJQHWLF IOX[ VDWXUDWHG VWDWH  ZKLOH N LV WKH FXUUHQW VKRXOG FRQWDLQHYHQQXPEHUHG KDUPRQLFFXUUHQWV 
VORSHRIWKHPDJQHWL]DWLRQFXUYH VDWXUDWHGVWDWH DQGĭDLV ,Q DGGLWLRQ WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW VKRXOG FRQWDLQ WKH WKUHH
WKHWRWDOPDJQHWLFIOX[RI3KDVH$:KHQ'&SUHVHQWVĭGF SKDVHXQEDODQFHGFXUUHQWFDXVHGE\WKHIXQGDPHQWDOFXUUHQW
UHSUHVHQWV '& IOX[ WRJHWKHU ZLWK ĭDF UHSUHVHQWLQJ WKH 7KDWLVWKH'&PDJQHWLFELDVZLOOEULQJORZDQGHYHQRUGHU
DPSOLWXGHRI$&IOX[)URPWKLVH[FLWDWLRQFXUUHQWRI3KDVH KDUPRQLFVLQWKHQHXWUDOFXUUHQW
$FDQEHREWDLQHG

620

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
9 7+(675$7(*<7268335(667+(*5281'&855(17
)RUQRZEHFDXVHRIWKHLQYDVLRQRI'&FXUUHQWWRWKHXUEDQ
WUDQVIRUPHUV'&FXUUHQWEORFNLQJFDSDFLWRUGHYLFHVKDYHEHHQ
SURPRWHG IRU DSSOLFDWLRQ +RZHYHU H[FHSW IRU WKH '&
FRPSRQHQWWKHJURXQGFXUUHQWJHQHUDWHGE\WKHUDLOWUDQVLWVWLOO
FRQWDLQVORWVRIKDUPRQLFFRPSRQHQWV7KHWUDGLWLRQDOPHWKRG
EDVHGRQFDSDFLWRUVLVXQDEOHWRVXSSUHVV
$W SUHVHQW WKHUH LV QR PDWXUH VXSSUHVVLRQ IRU KDUPRQLF
FRPSRQHQWV LQ WKH JURXQG FXUUHQW &RPPRQ PHWKRGV IRU
KDUPRQLF VXSSUHVVLRQ LQ RWKHU ILHOGV LQFOXGH   /& SDVVLYH
ILOWHUV  DFWLYHILOWHUVLQFOXGLQJSDUDOOHODQGVHULHVW\SHV
A. Characteristics of Suppression Strategies Based on DC
Current-Blocking Capacitor, LC Passive Filter, and Active
Filter 
1RZDGD\V '& FXUUHQWEORFNLQJ FDSDFLWRUV DUH ZLGHO\ LQ )LJ+\EULGJURXQGFXUUHQWVXSSUHVVLRQVWUDWHJ\EDVHGRQVHULHVDFWLYH
WKHVXSSUHVVLRQRI+9'&JURXQGHOHFWURGHFXUUHQWDQG*,&V SRZHUILOWHULQJ
<HDUV RI RSHUDWLRQ KDYH SURYHG WKHLU HIIHFWLYHQHVV DQG
UHOLDELOLW\+RZHYHUWKLVVWUDWHJ\FDQRQO\VXSSUHVV'&FXUUHQW C. Simulation of the Suppression Strategy
ZKLFKLVXQDEOHWRPHHWWKHQHHGVRIJURXQGFXUUHQWVXSSUHVVLRQ 7KHQHXWUDOFXUUHQWGXULQJWKHHYHQLQJUXVKKRXULVWDNHQDV
7KH FKDUDFWHULVWLF RI WKH /& SDVVLYH ILOWHU LV LWV VLPSOH DQH[DPSOHIRUWKHVLPXODWLRQRIVXSSUHVVLRQVWUDWHJ\$VIRU
VWUXFWXUH,WFDQHIIHFWLYHO\VXSSUHVVVSHFLILFKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWV WKHVLPXODWLRQWKHDFWLYHILOWHUXQLWLVFRQVWUXFWHGE\DVLQJOH
%XWLIWKHUHDUHFRPSOH[KDUPRQLFVPXOWLSOH/&FLUFXLWVKDYH SKDVHLQYHUWHUDGMXVWHGE\3,7KHSDVVLYHILOWHUXQLWFRQVLVWVRI
WR EH FRQQHFWHG LQVHULHV7KHUHIRUHWKHUH DUH SUREOHPV ZLWK LQGXFWDQFHV DQG FDSDFLWRUV LQ SDUDOOHO 3DUDPHWHUV RI WKLV
ODUJHYROXPHVDQGKLJKFRVWVQRWWRPHQWLRQWKHUHVRQDQFHZLWK PRGHODUHLQ7DEOHპDQGჟ
WKHZKROHV\VWHP
7KH DFWLYH SRZHU ILOWHU LV DQHZW\SH RI SRZHU HOHFWURQLF 7$%/(, 3$5$0(7(562)75$16)250(56
GHYLFH,WFDQHOLPLQDWHKDUPRQLFVE\LQMHFWLQJUHYHUVHFXUUHQWV Transformer Capacity Voltage
,Q WKLV ZD\ LW FDQ VXSSUHVV KDUPRQLF FXUUHQWV DW GLIIHUHQW number (MW) level(kV)
Wingding connection

IUHTXHQFLHV +RZHYHU WKH DFWLYH SRZHU ILOWHU KDV WKH WUDQVIRUPHU   <\QGXDOZLQGLQJ
GLVDGYDQWDJHVRIFRPSOLFDWHGFRQWUROZHDNLPSDFWUHVLVWDQFH
DQGKLJKFRVWV8VLQJWKLVPHWKRGZLOOVLPSO\UHVXOWLQUDWKHU WUDQVIRUPHU   <1GGXDOZLQGLQJ
ORZUHOLDELOLW\
7$%/(,, 3$5$0(7(562)&20321(176
B. A Hybrid Suppression Strategy on Ground Current
&RPSRQHQW 3DUDPHWHU
$V VKRZQ LQ 6HFWLRQ ჟ % WKH PDLQ FRPSRQHQWV RI WKH
JURXQG FXUUHQW DUH '& DQG FKDUDFWHULVWLF KDUPRQLFV LQ ORZ WKUHHSKDVHWUDQVPLVVLRQOLQH P+NPNP
RUGHUV%DVHGRQWKLVUHVXOWWKHSDSHUSURSRVHVDK\EULGJURXQG
VRLOUHVLVWDQFH ȍ
FXUUHQW VXSSUHVVLRQ VWUDWHJ\ EDVHG RQ VHULHV DFWLYH SRZHU
ILOWHULQJ7KHVWUDWHJ\FRPELQHVWKHDGYDQWDJHVRI'&FXUUHQW VRLOUHVLVWDQFH ȍ
EORFNLQJ FDSDFLWRU DFWLYH DQG SDVVLYH ILOWHUV 8VLQJ WKLV
VRLOUHVLVWDQFH ȍ
VWUDWHJ\ '& FXUUHQWV DUH LVRODWHG E\ FXUUHQWEORFNLQJ
FDSDFLWRUV DQG KLJKYDOXH KDUPRQLF FXUUHQWV LQ SDUWLFXODU '&FXUUHQWEORFNLQJFDSDFLWRU X)
RUGHUVDUHKDQGOHGE\WKHSDVVLYHILOWHU&RPELQHGZLWKVLQJOH SDVVLYHILOWHU WKKDUPRQLFFXUUHQW  5 ȍ& ȝ)/ P+
DFWLYH ILOWHUV LW FDQ HIIHFWLYHO\ UHGXFH WKH FDSDFLW\ RI WKH
FRQYHUWHUZKLFKFDQVDYHDORWRIFRVWV7KHVWUDWHJ\PHHWVWKH SDVVLYHILOWHU WKKDUPRQLFFXUUHQW  5 ȍ& ȝ)/ P+
GHPDQGVRIJURXQGFXUUHQWVXSSUHVVLRQ VLQJOHSKDVHLQYHUWHU 8'& 9/ P+
,Q WKLV VWUDWHJ\ WKH '& FXUUHQW LV LVRODWHG E\ FXUUHQW
EORFNLQJFDSDFLWRUV0RUHRYHULQGXFWDQFHVDQGFDSDFLWRUVFDQ $V VKRZQ LQ )LJ  WKH ZDYHIRUP LQ WKH ILUVW V
EH XVHG LQ SDUDOOHO WR IRUP D ILOWHU ,Q WKLV ZD\ SDUWLFXODU UHSUHVHQWV WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW ZLWKRXW VXSSUHVVLRQ 7KH
KDUPRQLFFXUUHQWVLQKLJKYDOXHFDQEHVXSSUHVVHG WKLVSDSHU ZDYHIRUPIURPWRVVKRZVWKHVXSSUHVVHGFXUUHQW)LJ
WDNHV WK DQG WK KDUPRQLF FXUUHQWV DV DQ H[DPSOH  7KH DQG)LJVKRZWKH506YDOXHVGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLF
DFWLYH ILOWHU XQLW FDQ HIIHFWLYHO\ GHDO ZLWK WKH UHVW RI WKH FXUUHQWEHIRUHDQGDIWHUWKHVXSSUHVVLRQUHVSHFWLYHO\,WFDQEH
KDUPRQLFFXUUHQWV7KHSULQFLSOHLVVKRZQLQ)LJ UHFRJQL]HGWKDWWKLVVXSSUHVVLRQVWUDWHJ\FDQHIIHFWLYHO\UHGXFH
 WKHLPSDFWRIJURXQGFXUUHQWFDXVHGE\UDLOWUDQVLW

621

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

䉀⌒˄⅑˅ EHFDXVHRIWKH'&PDJQHWLFELDV7KHDQGWKKDUPRQLFVDUH
JHQHUDWHGE\WKHSXOVHUHFWLILHURIWKHUDLOWUDQVLW

  '& DQG FKDUDFWHULVWLFKDUPRQLFVLQORZRUGHUVDUHWKH
PDLQ FRPSRQHQWV RI WKH JURXQG FXUUHQW 7KH K\EULG
VXSSUHVVLRQ VWUDWHJ\ EDVHG RQ VHULHV DFWLYH ILOWHULQJ FDQ
&XUUHQW $

 HIIHFWLYHO\ GHDO ZLWK WKLV FXUUHQW 7KH VWUDWHJ\ FDQ RYHUFRPH


WKH OLPLWDWLRQV RI VWUDWHJLHV EDVHG RQ VLQJOH /& SDVVLYH RU
SDVVLYH ILOWHUV ,W KDV WKH DGYDQWDJHV RI VWUXFWXUDO UHOLDELOLW\

FRQWUROVWDELOLW\DQGDSSOLFDWLRQFRQYHQLHQFH,QWKHIXWXUHWKLV
VWUDWHJ\ZLOOEHZLGHO\SURPRWHGIRUDSSOLFDWLRQ

         5()(5(1&(6
7LPH V 
)LJ7KHQHXWUDOFXUUHQWEHIRUHDQGDIWHUWKHVXSSUHVVLRQ >@ <<RQJKXD(OHFWULF3RZHU6\VWHPLQ&KLQD+LVWRU\RI'HYHORSPHQW
 3UHVHQW VWDWXV  )XWXUH SHUVSHFWLYH  ,((( 3RZHU (QJLQHHULQJ
6RFLHW\*HQHUDO0HHWLQJ澿澳7DPSDSS-XQH
 >@ ;LDRZHQ :X 1LDQJXDQJ =KRX 6KHQJ +X -LZHQ 3HQJ DQG /LQ /X
³$XGLEOH QRLVH DQG YLEUDWLRQ FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI '&ELDV LQ SRZHU
WUDQVIRUPHUV FDXVHG E\ XUEDQ PDVV WUDQVLW V\VWHP´ (OHFWULFDO
&XUUHQW $


0HDVXUHPHQW ,QVWUXPHQWDWLRQYROQRSS6HSWHPEHU


>@ +RQJELQ0D-LQOLDQJ+H%R=KDQJ5RQJ=HQJ6KXLPLQJ&KHQDQG
/LQ &DR ([SHULPHQWDO VWXG\ RQ '& ELDVLQJ LPSDFW RQ WUDQVIRUPHU¶V
 YLEUDWLRQ DQG VRXQG  ,((( ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6\PSRVLXP RQ
(OHFWURPDJQHWLF&RPSDWLELOLW\'HWURLWSS2FWREHU
 >@ <7]HQJDQG&/HH$QDO\VLVRI5DLO3RWHQWLDODQG6WUD\&XUUHQWVLQD
    
+DUPRQLF2UGHU
 'LUHFW&XUUHQW7UDQVLW6\VWHPLQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ3RZHU'HOLYHU\
)LJ506YDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWEHIRUHWKHVXSSUHVVLRQ YROQRSS-XO\
 >@ % =KDQJ )&DR 5 =HQJ-+H ; 0HQJ < /LDR DQG5 /L '&
&XUUHQW'LVWULEXWLRQLQ%RWK$&3RZHU*ULGVDQG3LSHOLQHV1HDU+9'&
 *URXQGLQJ (OHFWURGH &RQVLGHULQJ 7KHLU ,QWHUDFWLRQ LQ ,(((
7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ3RZHU'HOLYHU\YROQRSS'HFHPEHU

&XUUHQW $


>@ 5+RUWRQ'%RWHOHU7-2YHUE\H53LUMRODDQG5&'XJDQ$7HVW
&DVHIRUWKH&DOFXODWLRQRI*HRPDJQHWLFDOO\,QGXFHG&XUUHQWVLQ,(((

7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ3RZHU'HOLYHU\YROQRSS2FWREHU


>@ 0 $ 6 0DVRXP DQG 3 6 0RVHV ,QIOXHQFH RI *HRPDJQHWLFDOO\
,QGXFHG&XUUHQWVRQWKUHHSKDVHSRZHUWUDQVIRUPHUV$XVWUDODVLDQ


8QLYHUVLWLHV3RZHU(QJLQHHULQJ&RQIHUHQFH6\GQH\SS'HFHPEHU
   

+DUPRQLF2UGHU 
)LJ506YDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKDUPRQLFFXUUHQWDIWHUWKHVXSSUHVVLRQ >@ 2 %LUR * %XFKJUDEHU * /HEHU DQG . 3UHLV 3UHGLFWLRQ RI
0DJQHWL]LQJ&XUUHQW:DYH)RUPVLQD7KUHH3KDVH3RZHU7UDQVIRUPHU
9, &21&/86,216 8QGHU'&%LDVLQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ0DJQHWLFVYROQRSS
-XQH
%DVHG RQ WKH PHDVXUHPHQW UHVXOW LQ WKH JURXQGLQJ >@ <:DQJDQG=/LX(VWLPDWLRQ0RGHORI&RUH/RVV8QGHU'&%LDV
VXEVWDWLRQ WKLV SDSHU ILUVWO\ DQDO\]HV WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW DW LQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ$SSOLHG6XSHUFRQGXFWLYLW\YROQRSS
GLIIHUHQW WLPH SHULRGV 7KHQ WKH VRXUFH RI WKH KDUPRQLF 2FWREHU
FRPSRQHQWVLVDOVRDQDO\]HG$WODVWHIIHFWLYHVXSSUHVVLRQLV >@ ; /L ; :HQ 3 1 0DUNKDP DQG < /LX $QDO\VLV RI 1RQOLQHDU
SUHVHQWHG2YHUDOOKHUHDUHWKHPDLQFRQFOXVLRQV &KDUDFWHULVWLFV IRU D 7KUHH3KDVH )LYH/LPE 7UDQVIRUPHU 8QGHU '&
 7KHXQXVXDOSKHQRPHQRQRIWKHJURXQGLQJWUDQVIRUPHU %LDVLQ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQVRQ3RZHU'HOLYHU\YROQRSS
2FWREHU
QHDUWKHUDLOWUDQVLWLVPDLQO\FDXVHGE\WKHJURXQGFXUUHQW7KLV
>@ =KXRKRQJ3DQ*XLKXD0HL =KDQJ/X %R7DQ DQG;LVKDQ :HQ ³$
FXUUHQWLVWKHOHDNDJHRIWKHWUDFWLRQFXUUHQWZKLFKIORZVLQWR &XUUHQW ,QMHFWLRQ0HWKRG WR 5HVWUDLQ7UDQVIRUPHU '& PDJQHWLF ELDV´
WKHQHXWUDOSRLQW $XWRPDWLRQ RI (OHFWULF 3RZHU 6\VWHPV YRO  QR  SS ±
  7KH FKDQJLQJ FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI QHXWUDO FXUUHQWV LQ 2FWREHU
WUDQVIRUPHUVDUHFORVHO\UHODWHGWRWKHRSHUDWLQJFRQGLWLRQVRI >@ &KHQJ[LRQJ0DR6KHQJ:DQJ-LPLQJ/X*XLKXD0HLDQG'DQ:DQJ
UDLO WUDQVLW :KHQ FKDLQV UXQ IUHTXHQWO\ WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW 0HDVXUHVRIUHVWUDLQLQJ'&FXUUHQWWKURXJKWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOSRLQW$
FRQWDLQVORWVRIHYHQRUGHUKDUPRQLFV:KHQDODUJHQXPEHURI FRPSUHKHQVLYH VXUYH\  QG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLWLHV 3RZHU
(QJLQHHULQJ&RQIHUHQFH%ULJKWRQSS6HSWHPEHU
WUDLQVGHFHOHUDWH GXULQJWKHRXWDJHSHULRG WKHWUDFWLRQFXUUHQW
>@ 4'X)0HQJDQG/*DR$QDO\WLFDO0RGHORI6HULHV&RQQHFWHG
LQFUHDVH 7KHQ WKH ODUJHU '& OHDNDJH FXUUHQW ZLOO HQWHU WKH 3XOVH 5HFWLILHU ZLWK &RQVWDQW9ROWDJH /RDG  QG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
QHXWUDOSRLQWRIXUEDQWUDQVIRUPHUV7KDWZLOOOHDGWRVHYHUH'& &RQIHUHQFHRQ(OHFWULFDO0DFKLQHVDQG6\VWHPV ,&(06 +DUELQSS
PDJQHWLFELDV 'HFHPEHU
  7KH '& FRPSRQHQW RI WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW LV LQ FORVH >@ +HQJOL4XDQ=KLJDQJ/LX*DQJ=KDQJDQG-LH&KHQ³5HVHDUFKRQ'&
FRQQHFWLRQZLWKWKHWUDFWLRQFXUUHQWOHDNHGIURPWKHUDLOWUDQVLW )ORDWLQJ 9ROWDJH RI  3XOVH 3KDVHVKLIWLQJ 5HFWLILHUV´ -RXUQDO RI WKH
,W DOVR UHVXOWV LQ HYHQRUGHU KDUPRQLFV LQ WKH QHXWUDO FXUUHQW &KLQD5DLOZD\6RFLHW\YROQRSS±0DUFK

622

Authorized licensed use limited to: UNIVERSITY OF BATH. Downloaded on November 01,2020 at 17:04:21 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

You might also like