artigo

A LUTA ANTISSIONISTA E O MANDATO DA PALESTINAǣ

  A    
 ȋͳͻͳ͹Ǧͳͻ͵͹Ȍ
—‹œƒŽ‰ƒ†‘‡–‘1

THE ANTI-ZIONIST FIGHT AND THE PALESTINE MANDATE:


ȋͳͻͳ͹Ǧͳͻ͵͹Ȍ

Resumoǣ
•–‡ƒ”–‹‰‘–‡‘‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‡†‹•…—–‹”‘‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘“—‡Ž—–‘—…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ
Resumoǣ Abstract:
‡–”‡ͳͻͳ͹‡ͳͻ͵͹ǡ…‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘•—ƒ‹•‡”­ ‘ƒ‘”†‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†ƒ’‡Ž‘ƒ†ƒ–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ǥ
•–‡ƒ”–‹‰‘–‡‘‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‡†‹•…—–‹”‘‘˜‹‡–‘ The aim of this article is to discuss the Arab
ƒžŽ‹•‡•‡”ž…‡–”ƒ†ƒƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘†‡—•‡‰‡–‘‡•’‡…Àϐ‹…‘†‘‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘ǡ‘•
’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ž”ƒ„‡ ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘ “—‡ Ž—–‘— …‘–”ƒ ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ Palestinian political movement that fought the
‘–ž˜‡‹•—”„ƒ‘•ǡ“—‡„—•…‘—…‘„ƒ–‡”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒƒ–‡†‘—ƒ”‡Žƒ­ ‘†‡’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡…‘‘•
•‹‘‹•–ƒ ‡–”‡ ͳͻͳ͹ ‡ ͳͻ͵͹ǡ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘ •—ƒ ‹‘‹•–’”‘Œ‡…–„‡–™‡‡ͳͻͳ͹ƒ†ͳͻ͵͹ǡ…‘•‹†‡”‹‰
ƒ‰‡–‡•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•Ǥ—•…ƒǦ•‡†‡‘•–”ƒ”“—‡ƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘†‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•ˆ‘‹…‘’Ž‡šƒ
inserção na ordem institucional estabelecida pelo –Šƒ–‹–™ƒ•—†‡”–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‘”†‡”‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†
‡Š‡–‡”‘‰²‡ƒǤ
ƒ†ƒ–‘ ”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ǥ  ƒžŽ‹•‡ •‡”ž …‡–”ƒ†ƒ ƒ „› –Š‡ ”‹–‹•Š ƒ†ƒ–‡Ǥ Š‡ ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ ‹• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡† –‘
ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ †‡ — •‡‰‡–‘ ‡•’‡…Àϐ‹…‘ †‘ ‘˜‹‡–‘ ƒƒŽ›œ‡ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ ƒ •’‡…‹ϐ‹… …ƒ’ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡
Palavras-chaveǣƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȂž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•Ȃƒ†ƒ–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ȃ‹‘‹•‘
’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ž”ƒ„‡ ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• —”„ƒ‘•ǡ “—‡ Arab Palestinian political movement, the urban
„—•…‘— …‘„ƒ–‡” ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒ ƒ–‡†‘ ‘–ƒ„Ž‡•ǡ ™Š‹…Š –”‹‡† –‘ ϐ‹‰Š– –Š‡ ‹‘‹•– ’”‘Œ‡…–
—ƒ ”‡Žƒ­ ‘ †‡ ’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡ …‘ ‘• ƒ‰‡–‡• ™Š‹Ž‡ ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ …Ž‘•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š ”‹–‹•Š
„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•Ǥ—•…ƒǦ•‡†‡‘•–”ƒ”“—‡ƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘†‘• ƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹• –‘ •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ
Abstract:
ŽÀ†‡”‡• ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘• ž”ƒ„‡• ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘• ˆ‘‹ …‘’Ž‡šƒ ‡ –Š‡”ƒ„ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ•’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽŽ‡ƒ†‡”•™‡”‡…‘’Ž‡š
Š‡ƒ‹‘ˆ–Š‹•ƒ”–‹…Ž‡‹•–‘†‹•…—••–Š‡”ƒ„ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‘˜‡‡––Šƒ–ˆ‘—‰Š––Š‡‹‘‹•–’”‘Œ‡…–
Š‡–‡”‘‰²‡ƒǤ and heterogeneous.
„‡–™‡‡ͳͻͳ͹ƒ†ͳͻ͵͹ǡ…‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Šƒ–‹–™ƒ•—†‡”–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‘”†‡”‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„›–Š‡”‹–‹•Š
ƒ†ƒ–‡Ǥ Š‡ ƒ”–‹…Ž‡
Palavras-chaveǣ ‹• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡†
ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ –‘ ƒƒŽ›œ‡
Ȃ ž”ƒ„‡• –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘•
’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆ ƒ •’‡…‹ϐ‹…
Ȃ Keywordsǣ …ƒ’Ȃ™‹–Š‹
ƒŽ‡•–‹‡ –Š‡ ”ƒ„ ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ
”ƒ„ ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ• Ȃ ”‹–‹•Š
’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‘˜‡‡–ǡ–Š‡—”„ƒ‘–ƒ„Ž‡•ǡ™Š‹…Š–”‹‡†–‘ϐ‹‰Š––Š‡‹‘‹•–’”‘Œ‡…–™Š‹Ž‡ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ…Ž‘•‡
ƒ†ƒ–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ȃ‹‘‹•‘ ƒ†ƒ–‡Ȃ‹‘‹•
”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š”‹–‹•Šƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•ǤŠ‡ƒ‹‹•–‘•Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ…–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ„ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ•’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ
Ž‡ƒ†‡”•™‡”‡…‘’Ž‡šƒ†Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—•Ǥ

ywordsǣƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ȃ”ƒ„ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ•Ȃ”‹–‹•Šƒ†ƒ–‡Ȃ‹‘‹•

INTRODUÇÃO
á p‘—…ƒ• ’‡•“—‹•ƒ• ‘ ”ƒ•‹Ž “—‡ •‡ †‡†‹…ƒ ƒ ƒƒŽ‹•ƒ” ‘ ‘˜‹‡–‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘
ž”ƒ„‡ ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘ ‡ ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ †—”ƒ–‡ ‘ ’‡”À‘†‘ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ ”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ ȋͳͻʹ͵ǦͳͻͶͺȌ2.
Embora os árabes palestinos tenham atuado de forma contundente e tenham estabelecido
—ï‡”‘…‘•‹†‡”ž˜‡Ž†‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡•’ƒ”ƒŽ—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǡƒ–‡†²…‹ƒ
entre estudiosos brasileiros é dedicar pouca atenção a esse período. Em geral, os
1
O autor possui g”ƒ†—ƒ­ ‘‡‹•–×”‹ƒ’‡Žƒ‹˜‡”•‹†ƒ†‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ†‘‹‘†‡ ƒ‡‹”‘ȋʹͲͳͲȌǡ‡•–”ƒ†‘‡
‹•–×”‹ƒ’‡Žƒ‹˜‡”•‹†ƒ†‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ Ž—‹‡•‡ȋʹͲͳ͵Ȍ‡‘—–‘”ƒ†‘‡‹•–×”‹ƒ‘’ƒ”ƒ†ƒ’‡Žƒ‹˜‡”•‹Ǧ
†ƒ†‡ ‡†‡”ƒŽ†‘‹‘†‡ ƒ‡‹”‘ȋ‡ƒ†ƒ‡–‘ȌǤ”ƒ„ƒŽŠƒ‘”“—‹˜‘ƒ…‹‘ƒŽǡƒ–—ƒ†‘ƒ‘‘”†‡ƒ­ ‘Ǧ

‡”ƒŽ†‡…‡••‘‡‹ˆ—• ‘‘…—‡–ƒŽǤ‡†‹…ƒǦ•‡ƒ‘‡•–—†‘†ƒ‹•–×”‹ƒ†‘”‹‡–‡±†‹‘…‘–‡’‘”Ÿ‡‘ǡ
…‘²ˆƒ•‡‘…‘ϐŽ‹–‘•”ƒ‡ŽǦƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ–—ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ’‡•“—‹•ƒ‘‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘†—”ƒ–‡‘
…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȋͳͻͳ͹ǦͳͻͶͺȌǤ‘–ƒ–‘ǣ•ƒŽ‰ƒ†‘̴‡–‘̷›ƒŠ‘‘Ǥ…‘Ǥ„”.
2
•”‡•—Ž–ƒ†‘•ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†‘•‡•–‡ƒ”–‹‰‘• ‘’ƒ”–‡†‡’‡•“—‹•ƒ†‡†‘—–‘”ƒ†‘ǡ“—‡˜‡”•ƒ•‘„”‡‘‘˜‹‡–‘
’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘‡–”‡ͳͻʹͻ‡ͳͻ͵͹Ǥ

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’‡•“—‹•ƒ†‘”‡•…‡–”ƒ•—ƒ•ƒžŽ‹•‡•ƒ•‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•…”‹ƒ†ƒ•‘•ƒ‘•ͳͻͷͲ‡
ͳͻ͸Ͳȋ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡‘ ƒ–ƒŠȌ‡ƒŽ‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ†‡ƒ••‡””ƒˆƒ–ȋͳͻ͵͸ǦʹͲͲͶȌǤž–ƒ„±
‡•–—†‘•“—‡ƒƒŽ‹•ƒƒ•ƒ–—ƒ­Ù‡•†ƒ”‰ƒ‹œƒ­ ‘’ƒ”ƒƒ‹„‡”–ƒ­ ‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȂ‡ǡ
ƒ‹•”‡…‡–‡‡–‡ǡ†‘‘˜‹‡–‘†‡‡•‹•–²…‹ƒ•ŽŸ‹…ƒǡ‘ƒƒ•Ǥ
‘–—†‘ǡ ‘ ’‡”À‘†‘ ‡ “—‡ a Grã-Bretanha controlou politicamente a Palestina,
‡–”‡ ͳͻͳ͹ ‡ ͳͻͶͺǡ é ‹’‘”–ƒ–À••‹‘ ’ƒ”ƒ …‘’”‡‡†‡”‘• ‘• ˆ—†ƒ‡–‘• †‘ “—‡
…‘Š‡…‡‘•Š‘Œ‡…‘‘…‘ϐŽ‹–‘•”ƒ‡ŽǦƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ‡••‡•‡–‹†‘ǡ‘’”‡•‡–‡ƒ”–‹‰‘’”‡–‡†‡
”‡••ƒŽ–ƒ” ƒ ‹’‘”–Ÿ…‹ƒ †‡ ‡•–—†‘• •‘„”‡ ‘ ‘˜‹‡–‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ž”ƒ„‡ ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘ •‘„
…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ǥ
‘” ‘—–”‘ Žƒ†‘ǡ ƒŽ‰‘ “—‡ –ƒ„± †‡˜‡ ”‡…‡„‡” ƒ–‡­ ‘ ± ƒ ‹•‡”­ ‘ †‘ …‘ϐŽ‹–‘
ž”ƒ„‡Ǧ•‹‘‹•–ƒ‘‘”†‡ƒ‡–‘‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†‘’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ
ƒ†ƒ–‘…‘•–‹–—‹—Ǧ•‡…‘‘ƒ‡•–”—–—”ƒ‘”ƒ–‹˜ƒƒ“—ƒŽ•‡†‡•‡”‘Žƒ”ƒƒ•”‡Žƒ­Ù‡•
‡–”‡ƒ•†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡•…‘—‹†ƒ†‡•±–‹…ƒ•‘—”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ•“—‡˜‹˜‹ƒ‘–‡””‹–×”‹‘Ǥ
••‹ǡƒ‘„—•…ƒ”‘•ƒƒŽ‹•ƒ”ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡•†‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•“—‡
…‘„ƒ–‡”ƒ ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒǡ ± ’”‡…‹•‘ †‡•–ƒ…ƒ” “—‡ ‡Ž‡• ƒ–—ƒ˜ƒ ‡ — ƒ„‹‡–‡
institucional controlado pelo império mais poderoso do mundo, com capacidade de
‡š‡”…‡”’‘†‡”‡–‡””ƒ•†‹•–ƒ–‡•†‘…‡–”‘‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‡“—‡†‡•ˆ”—–ƒ˜ƒ†‡—ƒˆ‘”­ƒ‹Ž‹–ƒ”
considerável.
Ž—–ƒ†‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒˆ‘‹ƒ”…ƒ†ƒ’‘”‡’‹•×†‹‘•†‡
˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒǡ…—Œ‘‡š‡’Ž‘ƒ‹•…‘–—†‡–‡ˆ‘‹‘‡˜‡–‘…‘Š‡…‹†‘…‘‘
”ƒ†‡‡˜‘Ž–ƒ
”ƒ„‡†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ‡–”‡ͳͻ͵͸‡ͳͻ͵ͻǤŽ±†‹••‘ǡ†‹•–‹‘•‘…‘””‹†‘•‡ͳͻʹͲǡͳͻʹͳ
‡ͳͻʹͻ…‘–”‹„—‡’ƒ”ƒƒ˜‹• ‘†‡“—‡ƒ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒˆ‘‹ƒ…ƒˆ‘”ƒ†‡ƒ­ ‘†‘•ž”ƒ„‡•
palestinos em oposição ao movimento sionista.
 ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ †‡•–‡ ƒ”–‹‰‘ ± †‡‘•–”ƒ” —ƒ ˆ‘”ƒ ‡•’‡…Àϐ‹…ƒ †‡ ƒ­ ‘ †‘• ž”ƒ„‡•
’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•ǣ‘—•‘†‘•‡…ƒ‹•‘•‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒ‹•†‘‰‘˜‡”‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†‘’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•
…‘‘‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‡…‘–‡”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ••ƒ’”ž–‹…ƒ•‡‹‹…‹‘—Ž‘‰‘ƒ’וƒ‘…—’ƒ­ ‘
„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ‡ͳͻͳ͹‡–‡˜‡ϐ‹‡ͳͻ͵͹ǡ“—ƒ†‘ƒ•”‡Žƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‡–”‡‘•’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•
líderes árabes e autoridades mandatárias foram rompidas.

O MANDATO DA PALESTINA: A INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DO CONTROLE BRITÂNICO

O Mandato da Palestina se constituiu como uma ordem institucional, composta por
—…‘Œ—–‘†‡‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•ǡ”‡‰”ƒ•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‡—ƒ„ƒ•‡Œ—”À†‹…ƒǤ‘‡–ƒ–‘ǡ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•
 ‘• ‘ƒ’‡ƒ•‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡•ˆ‘”ƒ‹•ǡ…‘•‡†‡•ǡ”‡‰”ƒ•‡•…”‹–ƒ•‡’”‘‰”ƒƒ•†‡ƒ­ ‘ǡƒ•
–ƒ„±—…‘Œ—–‘†‡’”‡•…”‹­Ù‡•’ƒ”ƒƒ˜‹†ƒ…‘–‹†‹ƒƒǤ‘‘†‡Ž‹‡‹ƒŽ‹‘”•–”‘ǣ

•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• • ‘ ƒ• ’”‡•…”‹­Ù‡• “—‡ ‘• •‡”‡• Š—ƒ‘• —–‹Ž‹œƒ ’ƒ”ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ”
–‘†ƒ• ƒ• ˆ‘”ƒ• †‡ ‹–‡”ƒ­Ù‡• ”‡’‡–‹–‹˜ƒ• ‡ ‡•–”—–—”ƒ†ƒ•ǡ ‹…Ž—‹†‘ ƒ“—‡Žƒ• ‘
‹–‡”‹‘” †‡ ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•ǡ ˜‹œ‹Šƒ­ƒ•ǡ ‡”…ƒ†‘•ǡ ‡’”‡•ƒ•ǡ ‡•’‘”–‡•ǡ Ž‹‰ƒ•ǡ ‹‰”‡Œƒ•ǡ

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ƒ••‘…‹ƒ­Ù‡• ’”‹˜ƒ†ƒ• ‡ ‰‘˜‡”‘• †‡ –‘†‘• ‘• –ƒƒŠ‘• ȋǡ ʹͲͲͷǣ ’Ǥ ͵ǡ
tradução nossa).

••‹ǡ—ƒ‘”†‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ ‘±ƒ’‡ƒ•—‰‘˜‡”‘‘——ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­ ‘ǡƒ•
—‘”†‡ƒ‡–‘ˆ‘”ƒ†‘’‘”—…‘Œ—–‘†‡’”‡•…”‹­Ù‡•“—‡‘”‹‡–ƒ…‘’‘”–ƒ‡–‘•
‡ “—‡ ‡š‹‰‡ ƒ­Ù‡• ƒŒ—•–ƒ†ƒ• ƒ‘ „‘ ˆ—…‹‘ƒ‡–‘ †ƒ …‘Ž‡–‹˜‹†ƒ†‡Ǥ ‡••‡ •‡–‹†‘ǡ ‘
ƒ†ƒ–‘ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ •‡ …‘ϐ‹‰—”‘— …‘‘ —ƒ ‘”†‡ ‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ “—‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ˜ƒ ƒ•
‹–‡”ƒ­Ù‡•‡–”‡‘•‹†‹˜À†—‘•ǡ•‘„‘’‘–‘†‡˜‹•–ƒŒ—”À†‹…‘ǡ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ǡ‡…‘Ø‹…‘ǡ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘
e cultural.
ƒ†ƒ–‘‡‡”‰‹—…‘‘…‘•‡“—²…‹ƒ†‡‡‰‘…‹ƒ­Ù‡•‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒ‹•‘…‘””‹†ƒ•
ƒ’וƒ”‹‡‹”ƒ
—‡””ƒ—†‹ƒŽǤ–±ͳͻͳ͹ǡƒárea conhecida como Palestina era parte do
’±”‹‘ –‘ƒ‘ ‡ ‘ …‘–”‘Ž‡ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ‡”ƒ ‡š‡”…‹†‘ ’‡Ž‘ …‡–”‘ ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ ‡ •–ƒ„—ŽǤ
—”ƒ–‡ ƒ ‰—‡””ƒǡ ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ ‡ ‘ ’±”‹‘ –‘ƒ‘ ‡•–‹˜‡”ƒ ‡ Žƒ†‘• ‘’‘•–‘• ‡
‡‡‹‘ƒ‘•…‘„ƒ–‡•…‘–”ƒ‘•‘–‘ƒ‘•ǡ–”‘’ƒ•„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ•…‘ƒ†ƒ†ƒ•’‡Ž‘
‡‡”ƒŽ
†—†ŽŽ‡„›ƒ˜ƒ­ƒ”ƒ’‡Ž‘–‡””‹–×”‹‘†—”ƒ–‡‘ƒ‘†‡ͳͻͳ͹ǡ‡—ƒ…ƒ’ƒŠƒ“—‡
–‡”‹‘—…‘ƒ”‡–‹”ƒ†ƒ†ƒ•ˆ‘”­ƒ•‘–‘ƒƒ•†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡ͳͻͳͺǤ
 ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ –‘”‘—Ǧ•‡ — –‡””‹–×”‹‘ ‘…—’ƒ†‘ ‡ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ†‘ ’‘” —ƒ ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡
‹Ž‹–ƒ”ǡ ’‡”ƒ‡…‡†‘ ‡••ƒ …‘†‹­ ‘ ƒ–± Œ—ŽŠ‘ †‡ ͳͻʹͲǡ “—ƒ†‘ ˆ‘‹ ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†ƒ —ƒ
†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘‹˜‹ŽǤ…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘‡ˆ‡–‹˜‘”‡…‡„‡—ƒ…Šƒ…‡Žƒ‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ‡ͳͻʹʹǡ
†—”ƒ–‡ƒ‘ˆ‡”²…‹ƒ†‡ƒ‡‘ǡ“—ƒ†‘ƒ‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡•…‘…‡†‡—
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ—
ƒ†ƒ–‘•‘„”‡ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤƒ†ƒ–‘‡–”‘—‡˜‹‰‘”‡•‡–‡„”‘†‡ͳͻʹ͵‡ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ
–‘”‘—Ǧ•‡‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡”‡•’‘•ž˜‡Ž’‡Žƒƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ’‡”ƒ–‡ƒ…‘—‹†ƒ†‡
‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽȋǡͳͻ͹ʹǣͶͶ͹ǦͶͷ͵Ǣ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣͳ͸ʹǢǡͳͻͻͻǣͳͶʹȌǤ
‘‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹‡–‘†‘…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǡ—ƒ‘˜ƒ”‡ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒˆ‘‹…”‹ƒ†ƒ
ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ’±”‹‘–‘ƒ‘ǡ“—‡‰‘˜‡”ƒ”ƒ‘–‡””‹–×”‹‘†‡•†‡ͳͷͳ͸ǡˆ‘‹•—’Žƒ–ƒ†‘
’‘”—ƒ’‘–²…‹ƒ‡—”‘’‡‹ƒǤ’ƒ”–‹”†‡‡– ‘ǡ‘˜‘•±–‘†‘•†‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘‡‘˜ƒ•
–±…‹…ƒ•†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡‹’‡”‹ƒŽˆ‘”ƒ‹•–ƒ—”ƒ†‘•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤƒ˜‡”†ƒ†‡ǡ…‘’ƒ”ƒ†‘Ǧ
•‡ƒ‘“—‡‡”ƒ’”ƒ–‹…ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘•‘–‘ƒ‘•ǡ—ƒƒ–”‹œ†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡—‹–‘ƒ‹•…‘’Ž‡šƒ‡
‹–”—•‹˜ƒˆ‘‹‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†ƒƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•Ǥ
 •‹•–‡ƒ †‡ ƒ†ƒ–‘• ‡•–ƒ˜ƒ ’”‡˜‹•–‘ ‘ ”–‹‰‘ ʹʹ †ƒ ‘˜‡­ ‘ †ƒ ‹‰ƒ †ƒ•
ƒ­Ù‡•‡‡”ƒ—”‡‰‹‡†‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘“—‡’”‡˜‹ƒ“—‡—ƒ’‘–²…‹ƒ‡š‡”…‡”‹ƒ‘’‘†‡”
†‡‰‘˜‡”‘‡–‡””‹–×”‹‘•“—‡Šƒ˜‹ƒ•‹†‘’ƒ”–‡†‘•‹’±”‹‘•†‡””‘–ƒ†‘•ƒ‰—‡””ƒǤ‡
ƒ…‘”†‘…‘ƒ‘˜‡­ ‘†ƒ‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡•ǡ‘ƒ†ƒ–‘•‡”‹ƒ—”‡‰‹‡’”‘˜‹•×”‹‘†‡
ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘…—Œƒ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ‡–ƒ‡”ƒ’”‡•–ƒ”ƒ••‹•–²…‹ƒ•’‘’—Žƒ­Ù‡•†‡••‡•–‡””‹–×”‹‘•
’ƒ”ƒ“—‡’—†‡••‡ƒŽ…ƒ­ƒ”ƒ…ƒ’ƒ…‹†ƒ†‡†‡ƒ—–‘‰‘˜‡”‘ȋ
 ǡͳͻͳͻǢ
ǡͳͻͻͻǣͳͳǢǡʹͲͲͳǣͳͶͺȌǤ
 ”–‹‰‘ ʹʹ –ƒ„± †‡–‡”‹ƒ˜ƒ “—‡ ‘• ƒ†ƒ–‘• †‡˜‡”‹ƒ –‡” …ƒ”ƒ…–‡”À•–‹…ƒ•
†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡•Ǥ•–‡””‹–×”‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ†‹˜‹†‹†‘•‡ƒ†ƒ–‘•DzŽƒ••‡dzǡDzŽƒ••‡dz‡DzŽƒ••‡dzǤ

MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 113

 artigo

•ƒ†ƒ–‘•Žƒ••‡‡”ƒƒ“—‡Ž‡•–‡””‹–×”‹‘•“—‡’‡”–‡…‹ƒƒ–‡”‹‘”‡–‡ƒ‘’±”‹‘
–‘ƒ‘Ǥ••‹ǡƒ•’”‘˜À…‹ƒ•‘–‘ƒƒ•†‘‡†‹–‡””Ÿ‡‘”‹‡–ƒŽˆ‘”ƒ†‹˜‹†‹†ƒ•‡
ƒ†ƒ–‘•DzŽƒ••‡dz…‘ϐ‹ƒ†‘• ”ƒ­ƒ‡
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǣƒ ”ƒ­ƒ–‘”‘—Ǧ•‡ƒ’‘–²…‹ƒ
ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒƒÀ”‹ƒ‡‘À„ƒ‘ǡ‡“—ƒ–‘ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡƒ”ƒ•Œ‘”†Ÿ‹ƒ͵‡ƒ‡•‘’‘–Ÿ‹ƒ
ȋ”ƒ“—‡Ȍϐ‹…ƒ”ƒ•‘„ƒ†ƒ–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ͷ.
 ƒ†ƒ–‘ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‹œ‘— ‘ ’‘†‡” ‹Ž‹–ƒ” ‡ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ‡š‡”…‹†‘ †‡ ˆƒ–‘
’‡Žƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǡ…‘ˆ‡”‹†‘ƒ‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ǡŒ—”‹†‹…ƒ‡–‡ǡ‘…‘–”‘Ž‡…‘’Ž‡–‘•‘„”‡
ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ ‡ •—ƒ• ‡•ˆ‡”ƒ• Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜ƒǡ ‡š‡…—–‹˜ƒ ‡ Œ—†‹…‹ž”‹ƒǤ  ƒ†ƒ–‘ ‡”ƒ ‘ ‡ˆ‡–‹˜‘
governo do território, responsável por manter a lei e a ordem, arrecadar impostos, defender
‘ –‡””‹–×”‹‘ …‘–”ƒ ƒ‰”‡••Ù‡• ‡š–‡”ƒ•ǡ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ” ƒ Œ—•–‹­ƒǡ ‡’”‡‡†‡” ’”‘Œ‡–‘• †‡
desenvolvimento, combater doenças, fomentar e desenvolver a agricultura, estimular a
educação e proteger o patrimônio histórico e religioso da Palestina.
 ‰‘˜‡”‘ ‡”ƒ ‡š‡”…‹†‘ …‘ „ƒ•‡ ‡ — †‘…—‡–‘ ƒ’”‘˜ƒ†‘ ’‡Žƒ ‹‰ƒ †ƒ•
ƒ­Ù‡•ǣ ‘ Dz•–ƒ–—–‘ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘dz5ǡ — ‹•–”—‡–‘ Œ—”À†‹…‘ “—‡ǡ ƒŽ± †‡ •ƒ…‹‘ƒ”
‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ‡–‡‘…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‘„”‡ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ‡•–‹’—Žƒ˜ƒ†‹”‡‹–‘•‡†‡˜‡”‡•
’ƒ”ƒ ƒ ’‘–²…‹ƒ ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒǤ  ”–‹‰‘ ͳ †‘ •–ƒ–—–‘ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ ’”‡˜‹ƒ “—‡ ƒ ’‘–²…‹ƒ
ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ–‡”‹ƒDz’Ž‡‘•’‘†‡”‡•†‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ­ ‘‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ǡ‡š…‡–‘ƒ“—‡Ž‡•“—‡ˆ‘”‡
Ž‹‹–ƒ†‘•’‡Ž‘•–‡”‘•†‡•–‡ƒ†ƒ–‘dzȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹƒȌǤ
Ao longo do Mandato, outros documentos serviram de base legal e institucional
’ƒ”ƒƒƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒǤ‡’‘‹•†‘•–ƒ–—–‘†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ǡ‘‹•–”—‡–‘Œ—”À†‹…‘
mais importante para o governo da Palestina foi a ƒŽ‡•–‹‡”†‡”‹‘—…‹Žǡ†‡ͳͻʹʹǡ“—‡
”‡‰—Žƒ‡–‘—‘ƒ†ƒ–‘‡–‡”‘•‡š‡…—–‹˜‘•ǡŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘•‡Œ—†‹…‹ž”‹‘•Ǥ†‘…—‡–‘†‡
ͳͻʹʹ‹•–‹–—‹—‘…ƒ”‰‘†‡Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ǡ„‡…‘‘•—ƒ•’”‡””‘‰ƒ–‹˜ƒ•Ž‡‰ƒ‹•ǡ†‡˜‡”‡•
‡ ”‡‰”ƒ• †‡ •—…‡•• ‘Ǥ ƒ„± ‹•–‹–—‹— ‘• …ƒ”‰‘• †‡ ‹…‡Ǧ‘‹••ž”‹‘ǡ ‡…”‡–ž”‹‘ǦŠ‡ˆ‡
‡†˜‘‰ƒ†‘
‡”ƒŽǡ…”‹‘—‘‡Ž‘‹…‘‡‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡—‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘š‡…—–‹˜‘ǡˆ‘”ƒ†‘’‘”
…‹†ƒ† ‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ƒ’‘–ƒ†‘•’‡Ž‘‰‘˜‡”‘†‡‘†”‡•ȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹ„ȌǤ
Ž–‘‘‹••ƒ”‹ƒ†‘‡”ƒ‘ƒ‹•‡Ž‡˜ƒ†‘…ƒ”‰‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡–‹Šƒ’”‡””‘‰ƒ–‹˜ƒ•
„ƒ•–ƒ–‡ ƒ’Žƒ• ‡ ƒ–±”‹ƒ• ‡š‡…—–‹˜ƒ•Ǥ  Ž–‘ ‘‹••ž”‹‘ ‡”ƒ ƒ ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡ …‡–”ƒŽ
†‘ ‰‘˜‡”‘ǡ ƒ—š‹Ž‹ƒ†‘ ’‘” ‘‹••ž”‹‘• ‹•–”‹–ƒ‹•ǡ ”‡•’‘•ž˜‡‹• ’‡Žƒ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ ƒ•
•—„†‹˜‹•Ù‡•–‡””‹–‘”‹ƒ‹•†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹ„ȌǤ
3
‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ǡƒ”ƒ•Œ‘”†Ÿ‹ƒ‡”ƒ’ƒ”–‡†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ‘‡–ƒ–‘ǡ‡ͳͻʹʹǡˆ‘‹”‡‰—Žƒ‡–ƒ†‘
“—‡ƒ•”‡‰”ƒ•†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ ‘•‡”‹ƒƒ’Ž‹…ƒ†ƒ•ƒ‡••‡–‡””‹–×”‹‘ȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹ„ȌǤ
4
•ˆ”‘–‡‹”ƒ•†‘•–‡””‹–×”‹‘•†‘•ƒ†ƒ–‘•ˆ‘”ƒ„ƒ•‡ƒ†ƒ•ƒ•Ž‹Šƒ•†‡ƒ”…ƒ–×”‹ƒ•†‘…‘”†‘›‡•Ǧ‹Ǧ
…‘–ǡ†‘…—‡–‘ƒ••‹ƒ†‘‡ͳͻͳ͸’‡Ž‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ƒ”›‡•‡’‡Ž‘ˆ”ƒ…²•
‡‘”‰‡• ”ƒ­‘‹•‹…‘–ǡ‘“—ƒŽ

” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ‡ ”ƒ­ƒ†‡…‹†‹”ƒ†‹˜‹†‹”ƒ•’”‘˜À…‹ƒ•ž”ƒ„‡•‡–”‡•‹—ƒ˜‡œ†‡””‘–ƒ†‘‘’±”‹‘–‘Ǧ
ƒ‘Ǥ•Ž‹Šƒ• ‘•‡‰—‹ƒ‡šƒ–ƒ‡–‡‘“—‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ˜ƒ‘†‘…—‡–‘ǡƒ•‡š’”‡••ƒ˜ƒƒ’‘•‹­ ‘‹Ž‹Ǧ
–ƒ”…‘…”‡–ƒ‘’וǦ‰—‡””ƒȋ ǡʹͲͲͳǣͳͺͺǦͻ͵ǢǡͳͻͻͻǣͳͶͳǢǡʹͲͳͲǣ͸ǢǡͳͻͻͻǣͻȌǤ
5
‡‘‹‘Dz•–ƒ–—–‘†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘dz‘†‘…—‡–‘‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ“—‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ‹œ‘—‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ—ƒǦ
†‘‡”‡ϐ‹”‘ƒ‘Dzƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒdz‡•–‘—‹†‹…ƒ†‘‘governo da Palestina, isto é, o sistema político,
ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜‘‡Œ—”À†‹…‘…‘‘—–‘†‘“—‡ˆ‘‹‹’Žƒ–ƒ†‘’‡Žƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǤ—ƒ†‘‡…‹‘‘‘Dz•–ƒǦ
–—–‘†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘dzǡ‡•–‘—‡”‡ˆ‡”‹†‘‡š…Ž—•‹˜ƒ‡–‡ƒ‘†‘…—‡–‘Ǥ

114 MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017

 artigo

‘†‡”š‡…—–‹˜‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡”ƒˆ‘”ƒ†‘’‘”—ƒ‡š–‡•ƒ”‡†‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜ƒǡ
…‘’‘•–ƒ †‡ †‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ•ǡ †‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘•ǡ †‹˜‹•Ù‡• ‡ •‡”˜‹­‘•Ǥ ‘‰‘ ƒ„ƒ‹š‘ †‘ Ž–‘
‘‹••ƒ”‹ƒ†‘ƒŠ‹‡”ƒ”“—‹ƒ†‘’‘†‡”‡š‡…—–‹˜‘‡•–ƒ˜ƒƒ†˜‘…ƒ…‹ƒǦ
‡”ƒŽǡƒ‡•‘—”ƒ”‹ƒ‡
‘‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ†‘ǡ’”‡•‹†‹†‘’‡Ž‘‡…”‡–ž”‹‘ǦŠ‡ˆ‡Ǥ‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ†‘‡”ƒƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘“—‡‰‡”‹ƒ
‘•†‡ƒ‹•ה‰ ‘•‡š‡…—–‹˜‘•ǣ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡ƒï†‡ǡ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡„”ƒ•‹…ƒ•ǡ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡
†—…ƒ­ ‘ǡ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡‰”‹…—Ž–—”ƒ‡‡•…ƒǡ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡”‹„—–‘•‡‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ†‡‘±”…‹‘
‡†ï•–”‹ƒȋǡͳͻ͵͹ǣͳ͸ͲǦͳȌǤ

Ž± †‹••‘ǡ ˆ‘”ƒ …”‹ƒ†‘• ‘—–”‘• ה‰ ‘• ’ƒ”ƒ ‡š‡…—–ƒ” –ƒ”‡ˆƒ• …‘•‹†‡”ƒ†ƒ•
ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒ‹• ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ †‘ –‡””‹–×”‹‘ǣ ‘ ‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘ †‡ ‘ŽÀ…‹ƒǡ ‘
‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘†‡–‹‰—‹†ƒ†‡•ǡ‘‡”˜‹­‘†‡‘—‹…ƒ­ ‘ǡ‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘†‡‘””‡‹‘•‡
‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘•ǡ ‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘ †‡ ˜‹ƒ­ ‘ ‹˜‹Žǡ ‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘ †‡ ‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡• ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜ƒ•ǡ
†‡–”‡‘—–”‘•ǤͳͻʹͶǡŠƒ˜‹ƒʹͳ†‡••‡•†‡’ƒ”–ƒ‡–‘•‡‘’‡”ƒ­ ‘Ǥ•…ƒ”‰‘•†‡…ï’—Žƒ
†‡••ƒ•‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•‡”ƒ‘…—’ƒ†‘•’‘”„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ǡƒ•‘•†‹˜‡”•‘•ה‰ ‘•…‘–ƒ˜ƒ…‘
ƒ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ­ ‘†‡Œ—†‡—•‡ž”ƒ„‡•ȋ
Ǧ ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣ
ͳͳ͵ǦͻǢǦǡʹͲͲ͸ǣͳͻȌǤ

ƒ”ƒ •—•–‡–ƒ” —ƒ ƒ“—‹ƒ”‹ƒ †‹•’‡†‹‘•ƒǡ ˆ‘‹ …”‹ƒ†‘ — •‹•–‡ƒ •‘ϐ‹•–‹…ƒ†‘ †‡
arrecadação de impostos. Embora mantivesse elementos do sistema tributário otomano, os
„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‹•–‹–—À”ƒ—•‹•–‡ƒ…‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘ƒ‹•Dz‘†‡”‘dz†‡–”‹„—–ƒ­ ‘ǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡
ƒ…”‹ƒ­ ‘†‡‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•†‡‰‘˜‡”‘’ƒ”ƒ…‡–”ƒŽ‹œƒ”–‘†‘•‘•‹’‘•–‘•ǡ–ƒšƒ•‡‘—–”ƒ•ˆ‘–‡•
†‡”‡…‡‹–ƒǤ”ƒ…‘„”ƒ†‘•‹’‘•–‘••‘„”‡’”‘’”‹‡†ƒ†‡•‹×˜‡‹•ȋ–‡””ƒ•‡‡†‹ϐ‹…ƒ­Ù‡•Ȍǡ•‘„”‡
ƒ‹ƒ‹•‡•‘„”‡”‡†ƒǡƒ••‹…‘‘–ƒšƒ•†‡‹’‘”–ƒ­ ‘‡‹’‘•–‘••‘„”‡”‡†‹‡–‘•†‡
‡’”‡•ƒ•ȋ
Ǧ ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣͷͶʹǦ͸ȌǤ

—ƒ–‘•ƒ–±”‹ƒ•Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜ƒ•ǡƒ”†‡”‹‘—…‹Ž†‡ͳͻʹʹ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡—…‘‘ה‰ ‘
…‡–”ƒŽ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ǡ“—‡†‡˜‡”‹ƒ•‡”…‘’‘•–‘’‘”ʹʹ‡„”‘•ǡ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•‡ ‘
‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹• ȋ‹…Ž—‹†‘ ž”ƒ„‡• ‡ Œ—†‡—•Ȍǡ ƒŽ± †‘ Ž–‘ ‘‹••ž”‹‘Ǥ ‘ ‡–ƒ–‘ǡ ‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘
ϐ‹…‘—‡‡‹‘…‘–”‘˜±”•‹ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‡–”‡‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡‘•ž”ƒ„‡•Ǥͳͻʹʹ
‡ͳͻʹ͵ǡŠ‘—˜‡ƒŽ‰—ƒ•–‡–ƒ–‹˜ƒ•†‡”‡ƒŽ‹œƒ”‡Ž‡‹­Ù‡•’ƒ”ƒ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘ǡƒ•‘•ž”ƒ„‡••‡
recusaram a participar.

—ƒ–‘ƒ‘‘†‡” —†‹…‹ž”‹‘ǡˆ‘”ƒ‹•–‹–—À†ƒ•‘”–‡•‹˜‹•ƒ•‡ƒ’Ž‹…ƒ”‡ƒDz–‘†‘•
‘• Šƒ„‹–ƒ–‡• †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒdz ȋ”–‹‰‘ ͵ͺȌǡ ‘”–‡• †‡ ƒ‰‹•–”ƒ†‘• ȋ”–‹‰‘ ͵ͻȌǡ ‘”–‡•
‹•–”‹–ƒ‹•ȋ”–‹‰‘ͶͲȌ‡ƒ—’”‡ƒ‘”–‡ȋ”–‹‰‘Ͷ͵ȌǤ‡Žƒ”†‡”‹‘—…‹Ž†‡ͳͻʹʹˆ‘”ƒ
”‡…‘Š‡…‹†ƒ•ƒ•‘”–‡•”‹„ƒ‹•ȋ”–‹‰‘ͶͷȌ‡ƒ•‘”–‡•‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ•ȋ”–‹‰‘ͷͳȌǡ“—‡ϐ‹…ƒ”‹ƒ
”‡•’‘•ž˜‡‹•’‘”“—‡•–Ù‡•…‘‘…ƒ•ƒ‡–‘‡†‹˜×”…‹‘ǡŠ‡”ƒ­ƒǡ‰—ƒ”†ƒ‡‘—–”ƒ•“—‡•–Ù‡•
†‡ˆ‘”‘’”‹˜ƒ†‘Ǥ‘†ƒ•ƒ•‘”–‡•‡”ƒ•—„‘”†‹ƒ†ƒ•ƒ‘‘†‡” —†‹…‹ž”‹‘ǡ…‘–”‘Žƒ†‘’‘”
‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹ„ȌǤ

‘ƒ†‘• ‡ …‘Œ—–‘ǡ ‘ •–ƒ–—–‘ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ ‡ ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹‡ ”†‡” ‹ ‘—…‹Ž de
ͳͻʹʹ ’‘†‡ •‡” …‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘• ƒ ‡•–”—–—”ƒ …‘•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ †‘ ‰‘˜‡”‘ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ “—‡
MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 115
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‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ‹œ‘—‘…‘–”‘Ž‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘‡†‹–‘—ƒ•Ž‡‹•‡ƒ•‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡••‡‰—†‘ƒ•
“—ƒ‹•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ†‡˜‡”‹ƒ•‡”ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ†ƒǡƒŽ±†‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ”ƒˆ‘”ƒ’‡Žƒ“—ƒŽ•‡—•
Šƒ„‹–ƒ–‡• †‡˜‡”‹ƒ •‡” ‰‘˜‡”ƒ†‘•Ǥ  ’ƒ”–‹” †‡ ‡– ‘ǡ ˆ‘”‘—Ǧ•‡ — ‘”†‡ƒ‡–‘
‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ”‡•’‘•ž˜‡Ž’‘”‰‡”‹”–‘†‘•‘•ƒ••—–‘•’ï„Ž‹…‘•†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ

‹ˆ‡”‡–‡‡–‡†‘’‡”À‘†‘†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡‘–‘ƒ‘ǡ‘‰‘˜‡”‘ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹‘ˆ‡œ…‘
“—‡ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ•‡…‘•–‹–—À••‡…‘‘—ƒ‡–‹†ƒ†‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜ƒ‡–‡†‹•–‹–ƒ†ƒ•ž”‡ƒ•
…‹”…—†ƒ–‡•Ǥ –± ‡– ‘ǡ ƒ ”‡‰‹ ‘ …‘Š‡…‹†ƒ …‘‘ DzƒŽ‡•–‹ƒdz não possuía uma unidade
territo”‹ƒŽ„‡†‡ϐ‹‹†ƒǤ‘‘…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǡ’‡Žƒ’”‹‡‹”ƒ˜‡œ‡•±…—Ž‘•ǡƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ
possuía um território com fronteiras bem delineadas, uma bandeira, uma moeda – a Libra
Palestina (£P)͸ǡ—ƒŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ­ ‘’”×’”‹ƒ‡—ƒ‡•–”—–—”ƒ‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽǦƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜ƒǤ

‰‘˜‡”‘†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘‡”ƒ‘ƒ‹•ƒŽ–‘À˜‡Ž†‡’‘†‡”ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡‡”ƒ‡š‡”…‹†‘
ƒ‡•‹†²…‹ƒϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±Ǥ…‹ƒ†ƒ‡•‹†²…‹ƒϐ‹…‹ƒŽǡ‡•–ƒ˜ƒƒ’‡ƒ•‘
‘˜‡”‘
”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǡ‡‘†”‡•Ǥ—”ƒ–‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘‹˜‹Ž‹•–ƒ—”ƒ†ƒ‡ͳͻʹͲǡ‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒ
ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ ‡•–‡˜‡ •—„‘”†‹ƒ†‘  ‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ †‡ •–ƒ†‘ ’ƒ”ƒ ••—–‘• š–‡”‹‘”‡• ȋForeign
ˆϔ‹…‡Ȍǡ ƒ• ƒ ’ƒ”–‹” †‡ ͳͻʹʹǡ ’ƒ••‘— ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ Œ—”‹•†‹­ ‘ †ƒ ‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ †‡ •–ƒ†‘ ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ•
‘ŽØ‹ƒ• ȋ‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ ˆϔ‹…‡Ȍǡ “—‡ ‡š‡”…‡— ’‘•–‡”‹‘”‡–‡ ‘ …‘ƒ†‘ •‘„”‡ ‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘
“—ƒ†‘‡Ž‡‡–”‘—‡˜‹‰‘”ǡ‡•‡–‡„”‘†‡ͳͻʹ͵Ǥ

‹ƒ–‡†‹••‘ǡ—•—ƒŽ‡–‡ǡƒ•†‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ­Ù‡•‹‹…‹ƒ˜ƒ•‡—…ƒ‹Š‘‘•ˆ—…‹‘ž”‹‘•
†‘• ה‰ ‘• ‡š‡…—–‹˜‘•ǡ “—‡ ”‡‡–‹ƒ ƒ‘• Š‡ˆ‡• †ƒ• ‹”‡–‘”‹ƒ•ǡ “—‡ ”‡’ƒ••ƒ˜ƒ ’ƒ”ƒ
‘‡…”‡–ž”‹‘ǦŠ‡ˆ‡‡’ƒ”ƒ‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘Ǥ•“—‡•–Ù‡•“—‡ ‘’—†‡••‡•‡”–”ƒ–ƒ†ƒ•
diretamente in locoǡ‡”ƒ”‡‡–‹†ƒ•’‡Ž‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ƒ‘‡…”‡–ž”‹‘†‡•–ƒ†‘’ƒ”ƒƒ•
‘ŽØ‹ƒ•ǡ“—‡Ž‡˜ƒ˜ƒƒ“—‡•– ‘’ƒ”ƒ•‡”†‡„ƒ–‹†ƒƒ”‡—‹ ‘†‡
ƒ„‹‡–‡†‡
‘˜‡”‘Ǥ”‹‘—Ǧ
•‡ǡƒ••‹ǡ—ƒ…ƒ†‡‹ƒ†‡…‘ƒ†‘‹’‡”‹ƒŽ“—‡Ž‹‰ƒ˜ƒ‘ƒ‹•„ž•‹…‘‡•…ƒŽ ‘†‡ˆ—…‹‘ž”‹‘•
†‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒƒ–±‘”‹‡‹”‘‹‹•–”‘‡‘†”‡•ȋǦǡʹͲͲ͸ǣͳͻȌǤ

‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ‘ƒ†ƒ–‘•‡…‘•–‹–—‹—…‘‘—‘”†‡ƒ‡–‘‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ•‘ϐ‹•–‹…ƒ†‘
“—‡‡š‡”…‹ƒ‘‡ˆ‡–‹˜‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ…‘—ƒŽ‹‹–ƒ†ƒ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ­ ‘†ƒ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘
Ž‘…ƒŽǤ ‘‹ …”‹ƒ†ƒ —ƒ ”‡†‡ †‡ ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ• ‡ Œ—”À†‹…ƒ• ˜‘Ž–ƒ†ƒ ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ ‰‡•– ‘ †‡
todos os aspectos da vida em sociedade, conferindo ao governo um real e perceptível
controle sobre toda a população. Além disso, o Mandato não apenas estabeleceu órgãos
ˆ‘”ƒ‹•†‡‰‘˜‡”‘ǡƒ•†‹–‘—ƒ•”‡‰”ƒ•†‡ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ǡ†‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‹–‡”ƒ‡‡š–‡”ƒǡ
‡†‡’”ž–‹…ƒ•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‡‡…‘Ø‹…ƒ•‘–‡””‹–×”‹‘Ǥˆ”ž‰‹Ž‡‘•…‹Žƒ–×”‹‘…‘–”‘Ž‡‡š‡”…‹†‘
’‡Ž‘•‘–‘ƒ‘•ˆ‘‹•—„•–‹–—À†‘’‘”—ƒƒ“—‹ƒ”‹ƒ‡ϐ‹…ƒœ†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡‹’‡”‹ƒŽǤ

‘” ‘—–”‘ Žƒ†‘ǡ ‘ ˆ—†ƒ‡–‘ Œ—”À†‹…‘ ‡ ˜ƒŽ‘”ƒ–‹˜‘ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ ‡š‹‰‹ƒ ƒŽ‰—
–‹’‘†‡ƒ˜‡”‹‰—ƒ­ ‘‡š–‡”ƒǡƒ•‡”‡š‡”…‹†ƒ’‡Žƒ…‘—‹†ƒ†‡‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽǤ”–‹‰‘ʹʹ
†ƒ ‘˜‡­ ‘ †ƒ ‹‰ƒ †ƒ• ƒ­Ù‡• †‡–‡”‹ƒ˜ƒ “—‡ ƒ• ’‘–²…‹ƒ• ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ• ϐ‹…ƒ••‡
6
A Libra Palestina [Palestine PoundȐ‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‹ƒ‹„”ƒ•–‡”Ž‹ƒǤ‘‡†ƒ‡–”‘—‡…‹”…—Žƒ­ ‘‡ͳͻʹͺ
ȋǡͳͻͶͻȌǤ

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•—Œ‡‹–ƒ•‘‹•• ‘‡”ƒ‡–‡†‡ƒ†ƒ–‘•Ȃǡ“—‡–‹Šƒƒ‹…—„²…‹ƒ†‡ϐ‹•…ƒŽ‹œƒ”
ƒƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡‘–‘…ƒ–‡ƒ‘•‹–‡”‡••‡•†ƒ•’‘’—Žƒ­Ù‡•“—‡
viviam nesses territórios.

‘–—†‘ǡ ‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ ’‘••—Àƒ —ƒ –ƒ”‡ˆƒ ’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”Ǥ ’‡•ƒ” †‘•
…‘’”‘‹••‘• …‘ ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘ Ž‘…ƒŽǡ ’”‡˜‹•–‘• ‘ ”–‹‰‘ ʹʹǡ ƒ ”‡Žƒ­ ‘ †ƒ ’‘–²…‹ƒ
ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ…‘ƒ•…‘—‹†ƒ†‡•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡”ƒ‡š–”‡ƒ‡–‡…‘’Ž‡šƒ‡‹–‡‹”ƒ‡–‡
†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡†‘••‹•–‡ƒ•†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡‹•–ƒ—”ƒ†‘•‡‘—–”ƒ•’ƒ”–‡•†‘’±”‹‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘‡
‘•‘—–”‘•ƒ†ƒ–‘•Ǥ”ƒœ ‘’ƒ”ƒ‡••ƒ’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”‹†ƒ†‡‡”ƒ‘ˆƒ–‘†‡‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ
…‘–‡” — †‹•’‘•‹–‹˜‘ Œ—”À†‹…‘ “—‡ ”‡•’ƒŽ†ƒ˜ƒ ƒ ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ †‡ — ‘˜‹‡–‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘
‡š–‡”‘ǣ‘‘˜‹‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ

O MANDATO BRITÂNICO E O MOVIMENTO SIONISTA

 ‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ–‹Šƒ …‘‘‡–ƒ …”‹ƒ”— Dzƒ”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽdz ’ƒ”ƒ ‘•

Œ—†‡—•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ—‡ƒ”–‹…—Ž‘—–ƒŽ‹†‡‹ƒ†‡ˆ‘”ƒƒ‹•‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ†ƒˆ‘‹Š‡‘†‘”‡”œŽ
ȋͳͺ͸ͲǦͳͻͲͶȌǡ — Œ‘”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ ˜‹‡‡•‡ “—‡ ‡•…”‡˜‡— ƒ ‘„”ƒ Judenstaat ȋ •–ƒ†‘ —†‡—ȌǤ
‘”±ǡ‡“—ƒ–‘‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­ ‘ǡ‘‘˜‹‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒˆ‘‹ˆ—†ƒ†‘‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡†—”ƒ–‡‘
”‹‡‹”‘‘‰”‡••‘‹‘‹•–ƒǡ”‡ƒŽ‹œƒ†‘ƒ…‹†ƒ†‡•—À­ƒ†ƒƒ•‹Ž‡‹ƒǡ‡ͳͺͻ͹ȋǡ
ͳͻ͹ʹǣͳͲ͵ǦͺǢǡʹͲͲͷǣͳͷǦͷͲȌǤ

‘‹†—”ƒ–‡‘‘‰”‡••‘†‡ͳͺͻ͹ǡ’”‡•‹†‘’‘”‡”œŽǡ“—‡ˆ‘”ƒ†‡ϐ‹‹†‘•…Žƒ”ƒ‡–‡
‘ ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ ‡ ƒ• ’”‘’‘•–ƒ• †‡ ƒ­ ‘ †‘ ‘˜‹‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒǤ  ”‡•‘Ž—­ ‘ †‘ ‘‰”‡••‘ǡ
…‘Š‡…‹†‘…‘‘Dz”‘‰”ƒƒ†ƒƒ•‹Ž‡‹ƒdzǡƒϐ‹”ƒ˜ƒǣDz‘‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‘•‹‘‹•‘±…”‹ƒ”’ƒ”ƒ‘
’‘˜‘Œ—†‡——Žƒ”ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒƒ••‡‰—”ƒ†‘’‘”Ž‡‹’ï„Ž‹…ƒdzǤŽ±†‹••‘ǡ‘”‘‰”ƒƒ–ƒ„±
†‡Ž‹‡ƒ˜ƒ ‘• ‡‹‘• ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ …‘…”‡–‹œƒ­ ‘ †‡••‡ ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ǣ ƒ ’”‘‘­ ‘ †ƒ …‘Ž‘‹œƒ­ ‘
†ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ ’‘” ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–‘”‡• ‡ –”ƒ„ƒŽŠƒ†‘”‡• Œ—†‡—•Ǣ ƒ …”‹ƒ­ ‘ †‡ ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• Ž‘…ƒ‹• ‡
‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒ‹•’ƒ”ƒ—‹”–‘†‘•‘•Œ—†‡—•Ǣ‘‡•–À—Ž‘‡‘ˆ‘”–ƒŽ‡…‹‡–‘Dz†‘•‡–‹‡–‘‡
†ƒ…‘•…‹²…‹ƒƒ…‹‘ƒŽŒ—†ƒ‹…ƒdz‡’ƒ••‘•’ƒ”ƒ‘„–‡”‘…‘•‡–‹‡–‘‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒ
‘‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‘•‹‘‹•‘ȋǡʹͲͲ͹ǣͻǡ–”ƒ†—­ ‘‘••ƒȌǤ‘‡••ƒ•†‹”‡–”‹œ‡•ǡ‘•‹‘‹•‘
político se constituiu como uma grave ameaça aos olhos dos árabes da Palestina.

‘ ‡–ƒ–‘ǡ ƒ ƒ‡ƒ­ƒ •‡ –‘”‘— ƒ‹†ƒ ƒ‹• ‰”ƒ˜‡ †‡˜‹†‘  ”‡Žƒ­ ‘ †‡ ŽÀ†‡”‡•
•‹‘‹•–ƒ•…‘‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒ‹•‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ǤƒŽ”‡Žƒ­ ‘†‡’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡
…Š‡‰‘—ƒ‘ž’‹…‡‡ʹ†‡‘˜‡„”‘†‡ͳͻͳ͹ǡ“—ƒ†‘‘‡…”‡–ž”‹‘†‡•–ƒ†‘’ƒ”ƒ••—–‘•
š–‡”‹‘”‡•†ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǡ‘”†‡”–Š—”ƒŽˆ‘—”ǡ‡˜‹‘——ƒ…ƒ”–ƒ”‰ƒ‹œƒ­ ‘‹‘‹•–ƒ
—†‹ƒŽƒ“—ƒŽƒϐ‹”ƒ˜ƒ“—‡‘‰‘˜‡”‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ƒ’‘‹ƒ˜ƒƒ…”‹ƒ­ ‘†‡—DzŽƒ”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ
’ƒ”ƒ‘’‘˜‘Œ—†‡—dzȏnational home for the Jewish peopleȐƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȂ†‘…—‡–‘“—‡
ϐ‹…‘—…‘Š‡…‹†‘…‘‘Dz‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”dzȋǡͳͻ͹ʹǣͳͺͳǦʹͲͷǢ ǡʹͲͲͳǣ
ʹ͹͸Ǧͺ͵ǢǡʹͲͲͶǣ͸͹Ǧ͹ͳǢ
ǡʹͲͲͳǣͶͶǦͷͲǢǡͳͻ͹ͺǣʹ͸ȌǤ

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‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ…‘•‡‰—‹—•—ƒƒ‹•‡š’”‡••‹˜ƒ˜‹–×”‹ƒŒ—”À†‹…ƒ‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ
“—ƒ†‘ƒ‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”ˆ‘‹‹•‡”‹†ƒ‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ’”‡Ÿ„—Ž‘†‘•–ƒ–—–‘
†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†‹œ‹ƒ“—‡‘‘˜‘‰‘˜‡”‘–‹Šƒƒ‡–ƒ†‡Dz†ƒ”‡ˆ‡‹–‘†‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ‡–‡
ˆ‡‹–ƒ‡ʹ†‡‘˜‡„”‘†‡ͳͻͳ͹ȏǤǤǤȐ‡ˆƒ˜‘”†‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹‡–‘ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ†‡—Žƒ”
ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒ‘’‘˜‘Œ—†‡—dzȋ
 ǡͳͻʹʹƒǡ–”ƒ†—­ ‘‘••ƒȌǤ
••‹ǡ‘“—‡‡”ƒǡ‹‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ—ƒ…ƒ”–ƒ†‡‹–‡­Ù‡•’‘”’ƒ”–‡†ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǡ
–‘”‘—Ǧ•‡—ƒ‘„”‹‰ƒ­ ‘‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽŽ‡‰‹–‹ƒ†ƒ’‡Žƒ‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡•Ǥ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ­ ‘
†ƒ‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”ƒ‘”‡‰‹‡‹•–ƒ—”ƒ†‘…‘‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ˆ‡œ…‘“—‡ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ
ϐ‹…ƒ••‡…‘’”‘‡–‹†ƒƒ…‘…”‡–‹œƒ”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘†‡…”‹ƒ”—Žƒ”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒ‘•Œ—†‡—•ƒ
Palestina.
‘‹••‘ǡ’‡”…‡„‡Ǧ•‡“—‡‘ƒ†ƒ–‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡”ƒ—”‡‰‹‡’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”†‡–”‡
os mandatos, pois era uma ordem institucional dedicada não apenas a administrar um
território habitado por uma comunidade estabelecida, mas também possuía um claro
‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‡‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡”‘Ž‘…ƒŽ—ƒ•‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡ˆ‘”ƒ†ƒ’‘”‹‹‰”ƒ–‡•Ǥ
‡•†‡‡– ‘ǡ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘••‡˜‹”ƒ†‹ƒ–‡†‡—†‡•ƒϐ‹‘†—’Ž‘ǣŽ—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ
um movimento político antagônico e agir em meio a uma nova estrutura institucional criada
’ƒ”ƒƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ”ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ‘„”‡–—†‘ǡ‘†‡•ƒϐ‹‘‡”ƒŽ—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒŽ‡˜ƒ†‘
‡…‘•‹†‡”ƒ­ ‘“—‡‡Ž‡’‘••—Àƒ‘ƒ˜ƒŽ†ƒƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡”‡•’‘•ável por governar o território.

A POLÍTICA DOS NOTÁVEIS E A LUTA CONTRA O PROJETO SIONISTA

˜‹†‡–‡‡–‡ǡ ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘ ž”ƒ„‡ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ ”‡•’‘†‡— • ‘˜ƒ• …‘†‹­Ù‡•
’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•ǡ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜ƒ• ‡ Œ—”À†‹…ƒ• ‹•–ƒ—”ƒ†ƒ• ’‡Ž‘ ‰‘˜‡”‘ ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹‘Ǥ „‘”ƒ ƒ
ƒ“—‹ƒ”‹ƒ†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ˆ‘••‡’‘†‡”‘•ƒ‡•‘ϐ‹•–‹…ƒ†ƒ‡ƒ‹†ƒ“—‡‡•–‹˜‡••‡‹–‡‰”ƒ†ƒƒ—
”‡‰‹‡‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‰Ž‘„ƒŽǡ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘• ‘ƒ••‹•–‹”ƒ’ƒ••‹˜ƒ‡–‡…‘•–”—­ ‘†‡
—ƒ‘˜ƒ‘”†‡“—‡’”‘˜‘…ƒ˜ƒ’”‘ˆ—†ƒ•ƒŽ–‡”ƒções na dinâmica da sua sociedade.

—ƒ†‘‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‘…—’ƒ”ƒƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ‘•‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•…‹˜‹•‡‹Ž‹–ƒ”‡•‡…‘–”ƒ”ƒ
’”ž–‹…ƒ•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‡”ƒ‹œƒ†ƒ•†—”ƒ–‡•±…—Ž‘•†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡‘–‘ƒ‘Ǥ—”ƒ–‡ƒƒ‹‘”’ƒ”–‡
†‘ –‡’‘ ‡ “—‡ ‘ ’±”‹‘ –‘ƒ‘ †‘‹‘— ƒ• ”‡‰‹Ù‡• ž”ƒ„‡• †‘ ”‹‡–‡ ±†‹‘ǡ
†‡•‡˜‘Ž˜‡—Ǧ•‡‡ƒ””ƒ‹‰‘—Ǧ•‡ƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‘…ƒŽ—ƒ’”ž–‹…ƒ“—‡Ž„‡”–‘—”ƒ‹…‘…‡‹–—‘—
…‘‘Dz’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ†‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•dzȋǡͳͻͻ͵ǣͺ͹et seq.).

• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ‡”ƒ ‡„”‘• †‡ ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ• ‹’‘”–ƒ–‡• ‡ –”ƒ†‹…‹‘ƒ‹•ǡ “—‡ Šƒ˜‹ƒ
ocupado algum cargo religioso ou administrativo no Estado otomano. Os líderes notáveis
†‡•ˆ”—–ƒ˜ƒ †‡ ‰”ƒ†‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‹†ƒ†‡ ‡–”‡ ƒ• ’‘’—Žƒ­Ù‡• —”„ƒƒ• ‡ ”—”ƒ‹• †ƒ• ”‡‰‹Ù‡•
ž”ƒ„‡•†‘”‹‡–‡±†‹‘ǡƒ‘‡•‘–‡’‘‡“—‡‡”ƒ”‡…‘Š‡…‹†‘•’‡Žƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•
imperiais como os líderes dessas comunidades. Os notáveis agiam como mediadores entre
‘‰‘˜‡”‘‘–‘ƒ‘‡ƒ•’‘’—Žƒ­Ù‡•Ž‘…ƒ‹•Ǥ

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’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ†‘•‘–ž˜‡‹••‡…ƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ˜ƒ’‘”—ƒ”‡Žƒ­ ‘‡˜‹ƒ†‡ ‘†—’Žƒ‡–”‡
…‡–”‘‡’”‘˜À…‹ƒ•Ǥ’”‹‡‹”‘Ž—‰ƒ”ǡ‘‘–ž˜‡Ž‡”ƒ—ŽÀ†‡”Ž‘…ƒŽǡ…‘’”‘‡‹²…‹ƒ
•‘„”‡ ‘—–”‘• •‡‰‡–‘• †ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘ …‘“—‹•–ƒ†ƒ ‡ ‰‘œƒ†‘ †‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‹†ƒ†‡ ’ƒ”ƒ
…—’”‹” •—ƒ ˆ—­ ‘Ǥ ”ƒǡ ’‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ Ž  ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘ …‡–”ƒŽǡ “—‡ ˆƒœ‹ƒ —•‘ †‘ ’‘†‡”
•‘…‹ƒŽǡ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ ‡Ȁ‘— •‹„׎‹…‘ †‡••ƒ ‡Ž‹–‡ ’ƒ”ƒ ‡˜‹–ƒ” –”ƒ•–‘”‘• ‡ ‰ƒ”ƒ–‹” ‘ ϐŽ—š‘ †‡
–”‹„—–‘•’ƒ”ƒ•–ƒ„—Ž•‡•‘„”‡••ƒŽ–‘•Ǥ

‘” ‘—–”‘ Žƒ†‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• –‹Šƒ •—ƒ ’‘•‹­ ‘ †‡ ’”‘‡‹²…‹ƒ ‰ƒ”ƒ–‹†ƒ ‡
fortalecida pelas autoridades otomanas. Os otomanos tornaram os notáveis o grupo
’‘•‹…‹‘ƒ†‘‘–‘’‘†ƒŠ‹‡”ƒ”“—‹ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒŽ‘…ƒŽǤ–‡”‘•ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹˜‘•ǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•
‡•–ƒ˜ƒ ‡ — À˜‡Ž ƒ„ƒ‹š‘ †‘ ‰‘˜‡”ƒ†‘” †ƒ ’”‘˜À…‹ƒǡ ‡“—ƒ–‘ ‡ ”‡Žƒ­ ‘  ‡Ž‹–‡
—”„ƒƒǡ‡Ž‡•‡”ƒ‘•Dz’”‹‡‹”‘•‡–”‡‹‰—ƒ‹•dzǤ•‘–ž˜‡‹•‘„–‹Šƒ˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•ǡ
sociais e econômicas devido à sua posiçãoǤ ƒ‹• ˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡• ‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹˜ƒ‡–‡ –‘”ƒ”ƒǦ
•‡ Š‡”‡†‹–ž”‹ƒ•ǡ ‘ “—‡ ˆ‡œ …‘ “—‡ ‡Ž‡• ’ƒ••ƒ••‡ ƒ •‡” †‹˜‹†‹†‘• ‡ ‰”ƒ†‡• ‰”—’‘•
ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‡•Ǥ ‘”ƒ”ƒǦ•‡ǡƒ••‹ǡ‰”ƒ†‡•ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•†‡‘–ž˜‡‹•ȋǡʹͲͳͲǣͳͶǦͷȌǤ

—ƒ†‘ ‘• „”‹–Ÿ‹…‘• ƒ••—‹”ƒ ‘ …‘–”‘Ž‡ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ „—•…ƒ”ƒ ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡”

um diálogo com os líderes da sociedade árabeǡ‰ƒ”ƒ–‹†‘—…‘–”‘Ž‡‡š–‡”‘ˆ—†ƒ†‘
‡‘•‘’‘†‡”‹Ž‹–ƒ”†‘“—‡‘…‘•‡–‹‡–‘Ǥ••‹ǡˆ‘”ƒ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•—”„ƒ‘•“—‡
•‡…‘•–‹–—À”ƒ…‘‘‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•Ž‘…ƒ‹•†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ†‹ƒ–‡†ƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒǤ‡•‘…‘ƒ
—†ƒ­ƒ†ƒ’‘–²…‹ƒ‹’‡”‹ƒŽǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•…‘–‹—ƒ”ƒƒƒ–—ƒ”…‘‘‡†‹ƒ†‘”‡•‡–”‡
governo e população.

Após a Primeira Guerra Mundial, as principais famílias de notáveis da Palestina

‡”ƒ ƒ• ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ• —••‡‹‹ǡ ƒ•Šƒ•Š‹„‹ǡ ŠƒŽ‹†‹ǡ ƒ”ƒŽŽƒŠǡ Žƒ‹ ‡ ƒŒƒ‹ǡ –‘†ƒ• „ƒ•‡ƒ†ƒ•
‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±Ǥ•†—ƒ•ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•ƒ‹•‹ϐŽ—‡–‡•‡••‡’‡”À‘†‘‡”ƒƒ•ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•—••‡‹‹‡
ƒ•Šƒ•Š‹„‹ǡ“—‡‡”ƒƒ”“—‹””‹˜ƒ‹•ǡ’‘‹•†‹•’—–ƒ˜ƒƒ’‘•‹­ ‘†‡Ž‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ†ƒ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘
ž”ƒ„‡Ǥ • ŽÀ†‡”‡• ‘–ž˜‡‹• “—‡ ƒ‹• •‡ †‡•–ƒ…ƒ”ƒ †—”ƒ–‡ ‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ ˆ‘”ƒ ‘• ƒ‹•
ƒ–—ƒ–‡•‡„”‘•†‡••ƒ•†—ƒ•ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•ǣƒŒŒ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹ǡ—•ƒƒœ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹‡
ƒ‰Š‹„ƒǦƒ•Šƒ•Š‹„‹Ǥ

••‡•–”²•ŽÀ†‡”‡•‡•–‹˜‡”ƒˆ”‡–‡†‘‘˜‹‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘†—”ƒ–‡
‘•ƒ‘•‹‹…‹ƒ‹•†‘…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‘„”‡ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡ǡ‡••‡’‡”À‘†‘ǡˆ‘”ƒ‡Ž‡•“—‡
…”‹ƒ”ƒƒ•ƒ‹•ƒ–—ƒ–‡•‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•’ƒ”ƒ–‡–ƒ”‹’‡†‹”ƒ…‘…”‡–‹œƒ­ ‘†‘
’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ

‘–—†‘ǡ ƒ’‡•ƒ” †ƒ ‘„‹Ž‹œƒ­ ‘ ‡ †ƒ …”‹ƒ­ ‘ †‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡• ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•ǡ —ƒ
‹’‘”–ƒ–‡’”ž–‹…ƒƒ†‘–ƒ†ƒ’‡Ž‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•ˆ‘‹„—•…ƒ”—–‹Ž‹œƒ”ƒ•’”×’”‹ƒ•
‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•’ƒ”ƒ…‘„ƒ–‡”‘•‹‘‹•‘Ǥ—•‡Œƒǡ—†‘•’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•‡‹‘•†‡
Ž—–ƒƒ†‘–ƒ†‘•’‡Ž‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•ˆ‘‹ˆƒœ‡”‘’‘•‹­ ‘ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ•‡”‘’‡””‡Žƒ­Ù‡•
com as autoridades mandatárias.

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Para compreendermos a atuação dos notáveis árabes palestinos no interior da

‘”†‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ǡ±‹–‡”‡••ƒ–‡ƒƒŽ‹•ƒ”•—ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡••‡‰—†‘‘…‘…‡‹–‘†‡
Dz–ž–‹…ƒdzǡ–ƒŽ…‘‘†‡Ž‹‡ƒ†‘’‘”‹…Š‡Ž†‡‡”–‡ƒ—ȋͳͻͻͺȌǤ‡”–‡ƒ—†‡ϐ‹‡–ž–‹…ƒ…‘‘—ƒ
forma de agir politicamente em uma ordem imposta. A tática, segundo ele, é um padrão
†‡ƒ­ ‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‡“—‡—‰”—’‘ƒ‹•ˆ”ƒ…‘ˆƒœ—•‘†ƒ•…‹”…—•–Ÿ…‹ƒ•…”‹ƒ†ƒ•’‘”—
ƒ–‘”ƒ‹•’‘†‡”‘•‘ǡŒ—•–ƒ‡–‡’ƒ”ƒ•‡…‘–”ƒ’‘”ƒ‡••‡ƒ–‘”ƒ‹•ˆ‘”–‡Ǥ‹ˆ‡”‡–‡‡–‡
†‡Dz‡•–”ƒ–±‰‹ƒdzǡ“—‡±ƒˆ‘”ƒ†‡ƒ‰‹”†‡—ƒ–‘”’‘†‡”‘•‘‡“—‡’”‡••—’Ù‡—…žŽ…—Ž‘
‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘†‡”‡Žƒ­Ù‡•†‡ˆ‘”­ƒǡƒ–ž–‹…ƒ±—ƒƒ­ ‘‹…‡••ƒ–‡ǡƒ“—ƒŽDz‘ˆ”ƒ…‘†‡˜‡–‹”ƒ”
’ƒ”–‹†‘†‡ˆ‘”­ƒ•“—‡ŽŠ‡• ‘‡•–”ƒŠƒ•dzǡ…—Œ‘•—…‡••‘‘…‘””‡‡Dz‘‡–‘•‘’‘”–—‘•
‘†‡ …‘„‹ƒ ‡Ž‡‡–‘• Š‡–‡”‘‰²‡‘•dz …‘ ‘ ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ †‡ Dzƒ’”‘˜‡‹–ƒ” ƒ Ǯ‘…ƒ•‹ ‘ǯdz
ȋǡͳͻͻͺǣͶ͹ȌǤ
 ‡‰—†‘ ‹…Š‡Ž †‡ ‡”–‡ƒ—ǡ ‘ …ƒ•‘ †‡ •‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡• …‘Ž‘‹œƒ†ƒ•ǡ ƒ –ž–‹…ƒ ‘’‡”ƒ
“—ƒ†‘ƒ–‘”‡•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†‘•”‡…‘””‡ƒŽ‡‹•ǡ’”ž–‹…ƒ•‘—”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ­Ù‡•†‘•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†‘”‡•
’ƒ”ƒŽŠ‡•†ƒ”‡‘—–”‘•—•‘•ǡƒŽ–‡”ƒ†‘•—ƒŽ×‰‹…ƒ’ƒ”ƒ‘—–”‘•ϐ‹•“—‡ ‘ƒ“—‡Ž‡•’‡•ƒ†‘•
’‡Ž‘•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†‘”‡•Ǥ•–ž–‹…ƒ••—„˜‡”–‡‘•‡Ž‡‡–‘•’”‘†—œ‹†‘•’‡Ž‘•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†‘”‡•Dzƒ
’ƒ”–‹”†‡†‡–”‘dzǡ ‘”‡Œ‡‹–ƒ†‘Ǧ‘•…‘’Ž‡–ƒ‡–‡ȋ‡„‘”ƒ‹••‘–ƒ„±’‘••ƒ‘…‘””‡”Ȍǡ
ƒ• ’‘” —ƒ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡ †‡ ˆ‘”ƒ• †‡ ‡’”‡‰žǦŽ‘• Dzƒ •‡”˜‹­‘ †‡ ”‡‰”ƒ•ǡ …‘•–—‡• ‘—
…‘˜‹…­Ù‡•‡•–”ƒŠ‘•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ­ ‘†ƒ“—ƒŽ ‘’‘†‹ƒˆ—‰‹”dzȋǡͳͻͻͺǣͻͶǦͷȌǤ
Assim, as táticas também são adotadas para agir no interior de controles
‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒ‹•Ǥ‘‘„‡ƒ’‘–ƒŽŽ‹‘”•–”‘ǡƒ•‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•• ‘‡•–”—–—”ƒ†ƒ•†‡ˆ‘”ƒ
ƒ‡š‹‰‹”…‘’‘”–ƒ‡–‘•†‘•‹†‹˜À†—‘•ǡƒ•‡••‡•‹†‹˜À†—‘• ‘• ‘†‡–‡”‹ƒ†‘•’‘”
‡••ƒ•‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•ǤŽ‡•’‘†‡ƒ†‘–ƒ”±–‘†‘•’ƒ”ƒŽ‹†ƒ”…‘…‡”–ƒ‘”†‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽǡ
–‹”ƒ†‘’”‘˜‡‹–‘†‡•—ƒ•„”‡…Šƒ•‘—ˆƒœ‡†‘—•‘†‡•‡—•”‡…—”•‘•ȋǡʹͲͲͷǣ͵ȌǤ

COOPERAÇÃO E LUTA ANTISSIONISTA: LÍDERES NOTÁVEIS E INSTITUIÇÕES

MANDATÁRIAS
‡••‡ •‡–‹†‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• „—•…ƒ”ƒ —–‹Ž‹œƒ” •—ƒ ’‘•‹­ ‘ †‡ ’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡ …‘ ƒ•
ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•‡•‡—’ƒ’‡Ž†‡‡†‹ƒ†‘”‡•’ƒ”ƒƒŽ—–ƒƒ–‹••‹‘‹•–ƒǤ‘‹˜±•†‡”‡…‘””‡”‡•
ƒ”ƒ•‘—ˆƒœ‡”‡—ƒ‘’‘•‹­ ‘…‘„ƒ–‹˜ƒƒ‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ‡Ž‡•„—•…ƒ”ƒ—•ƒ”‘
‡•’ƒ­‘‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ‡ƒ…‘‘’‡”ƒ­ ‘…‘‘‡‹‘•’ƒ”ƒ…‘–‡”‘•ƒ˜ƒ­‘•†‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ
‘ƒ‹•–ƒ—”ƒ­ ‘†‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•’ƒ••ƒ”ƒƒ…‘‘’‡”ƒ”…‘
ƒ• ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡• ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ• ’‘” ‡‹‘ †‡ •—ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ­ ‘ ‡ ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• …‘–”‘Žƒ†ƒ•ǡ
…”‹ƒ†ƒ• ‘— ˆ‘‡–ƒ†ƒ• ’‡Ž‘• „”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•Ǥ  …‘‘’‡”ƒ­ ‘ †‘• ž”ƒ„‡• ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘• ‡˜‘Ž˜‹ƒ
ƒ •—ƒ ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ ‡ ה‰ ‘• ‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒ‹•ǡ …‘•‡ŽŠ‘• ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘•ǡ …‘‹–²• –±…‹…‘• ‡ †‡
assessoramento etc.
 ‘ •‡ –”ƒ–ƒ˜ƒ †‡ —ƒ ƒ–‹–—†‡ †‡ Dz…‘Žƒ„‘”ƒ…‹‘‹•‘dzǡ …‘‘ ƒϐ‹”ƒ ƒŽ‰—•
Š‹•–‘”‹ƒ†‘”‡•ȋǡͳͻͻͻǣͺ͸Ȍǡ…‘‘•‡‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•…‘‘’‡”ƒ••‡…‘ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•

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apenas para manter sua posição social frente aos outros estratos da população árabe.
’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡…‘ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•‡”ƒ—ƒˆ‘”ƒ†‡ƒ‰‹”‡—ƒ‘”†‡
’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‹’‘•–ƒǤ…‘–”ƒ†‘Ǧ•‡•‘„‘…‘–”‘Ž‡†‡—‹’±”‹‘’‘†‡”‘•‘ǡ…‘–”ƒ‘“—ƒŽ
‡Ž‡• ‘’‘••—Àƒ‡‹‘•†‡Ž—–ƒ”‘–‡””‡‘‹Ž‹–ƒ”ǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•„—•…ƒ˜ƒˆƒœ‡”—•‘†‡
•—ƒ’‘•‹­ ‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘Ǧ•‘…‹ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒŽ—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ’‡Žƒ˜‹ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǤ
‘ ‡ˆ‡‹–‘ǡ †‡•†‡ ƒ ‘…—’ƒ­ ‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• „—•…ƒ”ƒ —–‹Ž‹œƒ” •—ƒ ’‘•‹­ão em
‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒ‹•‘—Ž‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ‘‰‘˜‡”‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘„ƒ–‡”‘‘˜‹‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ
ƒ• ‡••ƒ –ž–‹…ƒ •‡ –‘”‘— ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–‡ ƒ †±…ƒ†ƒ †‡ ͳͻ͵Ͳǡ “—ƒ†‘ ‡Ž‡• •‡
˜‹”ƒ †‹ƒ–‡ †‡ †—ƒ• “—‡•–Ù‡• “—‡ •‡ –‘”ƒ”ƒ ˆ‘–‡• †‡ ’”‘ˆ—†‘ †‡•…‘–‡–ƒ‡–‘
‡–”‡‘•ž”ƒ„‡•ǣƒ‰”ƒ†‡‡Ž‡˜ƒ­ ‘†ƒ–ƒšƒ†‡‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘Œ—†ƒ‹…ƒǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ƒ’וͳͻ͵͵ǡ
…‘ ƒ ƒ•…‡• ‘ †‘• ƒœ‹•–ƒ• ƒ‘ ’‘†‡” ƒ Ž‡ƒŠƒǡ ‡ ‘ ƒ—‡–‘ †ƒ …‘’”ƒ †‡ –‡””ƒ•
’‡Žƒ•‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡••‹‘‹•–ƒ•Ǥ
‡Ž‡˜ƒ­ ‘†ƒ‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘Œ—†ƒ‹…ƒ…”‹ƒ˜ƒ—”‹•…‘†‡“—‡ǡ†‡–”‘†‡ƒŽ‰—•ƒ‘•ǡ‘•
ž”ƒ„‡• •‡”‹ƒ —Ž–”ƒ’ƒ••ƒ†‘• †‡‘‰”ƒϐ‹…ƒ‡–‡ ’‡Ž‘• Œ—†‡—•ǡ ‘ “—‡ †ƒ”‹ƒ ”‡•’ƒŽ†‘ ƒ‘•
•‹‘‹•–ƒ•’ƒ”ƒƒ…”‹ƒ­ ‘†‘Žƒ”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽŒ—†ƒ‹…‘Ǥ‡Ž‡˜ƒ­ ‘†ƒ…‘’”ƒ†‡–‡””ƒ•’‘••—Àƒ
um componente político, mas também social. Os sionistas compravam terras de indivíduos
“—‡‘”ƒ˜ƒˆ‘”ƒ†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ‘‘‘•…ƒ’‘‡•‡•ž”ƒ„‡•‡”ƒƒ’‡ƒ•ƒ””‡†ƒ–ários,
eles eram expulsos dessas terras e eram obrigados a migrar para as grandes cidades, como
ƒ‹ˆƒ‡ ƒˆˆƒǡ‘†‡˜‹˜‹ƒ‡…‘†‹­Ù‡•‡š–”‡ƒ‡–‡’”‡…ž”‹ƒ•Ǥ
‹ƒ–‡ †ƒ •‹–—ƒ­ ‘ ’‘–‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ ‡š’Ž‘•‹˜ƒ ‡ †‘ ’‡”…‡’–À˜‡Ž ˆ‘”–ƒŽ‡…‹‡–‘ †‘
’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹••‡˜‹”ƒƒ‡…‡••‹†ƒ†‡†‡ƒ­Ù‡•…‘–—†‡–‡•Ǥ‡†‘ líderes
reconhecidos pela população, se eles hesitassem, perderiam sua legitimidade política.
Desse modo, como desfrutavam de uma posição diferenciada no interior do
Mandato e como possuíam canais abertos de comunicação com as autoridades, os
‘–ž˜‡‹•”‡…‘””‡”ƒ•‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•’ƒ”ƒŽ—–ƒ”’‡Žƒ•†‡ƒ†ƒ•†ƒ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘
‡ǡ ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ ’ƒ”ƒ …‘–‡” ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒǤ —ƒ• ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• ‡”‡…‡ ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ
ƒ–‡­ ‘ƒ‡••‡”‡•’‡‹–‘ǣ‘—’”‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘—­—Žƒ‘‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘Ǥ
ƒ †ƒ• ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• ƒ‹• ƒ–‹˜ƒ• ‘ …‘„ƒ–‡ ƒ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒ ˆ‘‹ ‘ —’”‡‘
‘•‡ŽŠ‘—­—Žƒ‘Ȃǡ’”‡•‹†‹†‘ǡ‡–”‡ͳͻʹʹ‡ͳͻ͵͹ǡ’‘”ƒŒŒ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹Ǥ‡˜‡Ǧ
•‡†‡•–ƒ…ƒ”ƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘†‡ƒŒŒ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹‡—ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒŽǤ‘‡
†‡ƒŒŒ‹–‘”‘—Ǧ•‡‡š–”‡ƒ‡–‡’‘Ž²‹…‘†‡˜‹†‘•—ƒ’”‘š‹‹†ƒ†‡…‘†‘Žˆ‹–Ž‡”
durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Pelo fato de ele ter se tornado um aliado da Alemanha
ƒ’ƒ”–‹”†‡ͳͻͶͳǡ—‹–‘•Š‹•–‘”‹ƒ†‘”‡•…‘…Ž—‡“—‡‡Ž‡ƒ–—‘—†—”ƒ–‡–‘†‘‘’‡”À‘†‘†‘
ƒ†ƒ–‘…‘‘—ŽÀ†‡”ƒ–‹„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ȋǡʹͲͲ͵ǣ͸ͺǢǡͳͻ͹͹ǣͳͳͺȌǤ
‘‡–ƒ–‘ǡƒ–±ͳͻ͵͹ǡƒŒŒ‹‡”ƒ„ƒ•–ƒ–‡’”ך‹‘†ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•Ǥ
ƒ ˜‡”†ƒ†‡ǡ ‡Ž‡ ’‘••—Àƒ —ƒ ’‘•‹­ ‘ †‡ Ž‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ ‡ †‡ ‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒ ‰”ƒ­ƒ•  ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ
„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒǤ‘‘‘•—••‡‹‹•‡”ƒ—ƒ†ƒ•’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ•†‡‘–ž˜‡‹•†‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±ǡ

MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 121

 artigo

ƒ• ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡• „”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ• „—•…ƒ”ƒ ƒ–”ƒ‹” •—ƒ …‘‘’‡”ƒ­ ‘ †‡•†‡ ‘ ‹À…‹‘ †ƒ ‘…—’ƒ­ ‘Ǥ
Para isso, indicaram os dois membros mais conhecidos da família a importantes postos na
ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ­ ‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ—•ƒƒœ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹ˆ‘‹‹†‹…ƒ†‘ƒ”‡ˆ‡‹–‘†‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±
‡ͳͻͳͺ‡ƒŒŒ‹ˆ‘‹‘‡ƒ†‘—ˆ–‹7†‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±‡”‡•‹†‡–‡†‘—’”‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘
Muçulmano.

—’”‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘—­—Žƒ‘Ȃˆ‘‹…”‹ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‡†‡œ‡„”‘
†‡ͳͻʹͳ’ƒ”ƒŽ‹†ƒ”…‘ƒ•“—‡•–Ù‡•‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹…ƒ‡–‡‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ•ǡ•‡†‘‘ה‰ ‘”‡•’‘•ž˜‡Ž
’‘”‰‡”‡…‹ƒ”‘•ƒ••—–‘•†ƒ…‘—‹†ƒ†‡—­—Žƒƒǡƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ”ƒ•†‘ƒ­Ù‡•”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ•
[waqf]ͺ ‡ ’”‡•‹†‹” ƒ• …‘”–‡• †ƒ Ž‡‹ ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒǡ ƒ• ‘”–‡• †ƒ Šƒ”‹ǯƒ ȋ 
ǡͳͻ͵͹ǣͳ͹ͶǦͷǢ
Ǧ ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣͻͲͳȌǤ

‡‘”‹…ƒ‡–‡ǡ ‘  ‡•–ƒ˜ƒ ƒ’ƒ”–ƒ†‘ †ƒ ƒ”‡ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǡ •‡†‘ ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†‘ ’‘”
algumas autoridades mandatárias como uma instituição responsável por cumprir apenas
ˆ—­Ù‡•”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ•ȋǡͳͻ͵ͲȌǤ‘‡–ƒ–‘ǡ’‡”…‡„‡Ǧ
•‡‹–‹†ƒ‡–‡“—‡†—”ƒ–‡–‘†‘‘’‡”À‘†‘‡“—‡ƒŒŒ‹ˆ‘‹”‡•‹†‡–‡ǡ‘ƒ–—‘—
principalmente como um órgão político.

‘‘ ”‡•‹†‡–‡ †‘ —’”‡‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ —­—Žƒ‘ǡ ƒŒŒ ‹ ’‘••—Àƒ  •—ƒ
†‹•’‘•‹­ ‘ ˜ƒŽ‘”‡• “—‡ ŽŠ‡ ’‡”‹–‹ƒ —ƒ ƒ’Žƒ ƒ”‰‡ ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ‰‹” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒ‡–‡Ǥ Ž‡
‰‡”‡…‹ƒ˜ƒ —ƒ ˜—Ž–‘•ƒ ”‡…‡‹–ƒ ƒ—ƒŽǡ “—‡ ‡ ͳͻ͵͸ …Š‡‰‘— ƒ ͸͹ ‹Ž Ž‹„”ƒ• ’ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ•
’‘”ƒ‘ǡƒŽ± †‘•‡‘Ž—‡–‘•ǡ“—‡‡”ƒ‡•–‹ƒ†‘•‡͉ͳͷ‹Ž ȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͹ǣͷ͵ȌǤ

ƒ†‡•—ƒ•ƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•ƒ‹•…‘–—†‡–‡•ˆ‘‹—–‹Ž‹œƒ””‡…—”•‘•†‘’ƒ”ƒ
ƒ••‡‰—”ƒ” ƒ Š‡‰‡‘‹ƒ †‘• —­—Žƒ‘• ‘ —”‘ †ƒ• ƒ‡–ƒ­Ù‡•Ǥ ‡•†‡ ‘ ‹À…‹‘ †ƒ
†±…ƒ†ƒ†‡ͳͻʹͲǡ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡••‹‘‹•–ƒ•–‡–ƒ˜ƒ…‘’”ƒ”‘–‡””‡‘‘†‡‡•–žŽ‘…ƒŽ‹œƒ†‘‘
—”‘†ƒ•ƒ‡–ƒ­Ù‡•ǡƒ‹†ƒ†‡–‹‰ƒ†‡ ‡”—•ƒŽ±Ǥ‘…ƒŽƒ‹••ƒ‰”ƒ†‘’ƒ”ƒ‘•Œ—†‡—•ǡ
‘—”‘–ƒ„±±”‡˜‡”‡…‹ƒ†‘ƒ–”ƒ†‹­ ‘‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒǡ’‘‹•‘•—­—Žƒ‘•ƒ…”‡†‹–ƒ“—‡
‡•–‡•‡Œƒ‘Ž‘…ƒŽ‘†‡‘”‘ˆ‡–ƒ‘Šƒ‡†ƒ–‘—•‡—…ƒ˜ƒŽ‘ƒŽƒ†‘ǡ—”ƒ“ǡƒ’ו…Š‡‰ƒ”†‡
•—ƒŒ‘”ƒ†ƒ†‡‡…ƒȏIsra] e antes de ascender aos céus [Miraj]. Por isso, os muçulmanos
…Šƒƒ‘—”‘†‡DzŽǦ—”ƒ“dzǤŽ±†‹••‘ǡƒ‡•–”—–—”ƒ±–ƒ„±—ƒ†ƒ•‡š–”‡‹†ƒ†‡•
†‘ƒ”ƒƒ•ŠǦŠƒ”‹ˆǡ‘—‘„”‡ƒ–—ž”‹‘ǡ•À–‹‘‘†‡‡•– ‘Ž‘…ƒŽ‹œƒ†‘•‹’‘”–ƒ–‡•Ž‘…ƒ‹•
•ƒ‰”ƒ†‘•‹•ŽŸ‹…‘•ǡ…‘‘‘‘‘†ƒ‘…Šƒ‡ƒ‡•“—‹–ƒŽǦ“•ƒȋ
ǡʹͲͲͻǣͷʹͺǦͻǢ

ǡʹͲͲͲǣʹ͸ͳǦͶȌǤ

7
O Mufti é um religioso muçulmano sunita com conhecimento comprovado na ShariaǡƒŽ‡‹‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒǤ2—
”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘ƒ—–‘”‹œƒ†‘ƒ‡‹–‹”—ƒfatwaǡ—ƒ‘’‹‹ ‘‡‹–‹†ƒ…‘„ƒ•‡‘‘” ‘ǡƒŠƒ”‹ƒ‡ƒ–”ƒ†‹­ ‘
‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒǤˆƒ–™ƒ±—ƒ…‘•‡ŽŠƒ‡–‘ǡ ‘—ƒ‘”†‡ǡ†‹ˆ‡”‡…‹ƒ†‘Ǧ•‡ǡƒ••‹ǡ†‡—ƒ†‡…‹• ‘‡‹–‹†ƒ
por um qadi ȋŒ—‹œȌǡ‡“—‡Šž—ƒ…‘Ž‡–ƒ†‡–‡•–‡—Š‘•‡—ƒ†‡…‹• ‘“—‡†‡˜‡•‡”…—’”‹†ƒȋǡ
ʹͲͲͻǣʹ͵͵ǢͶͺ͹ǦͶͺͺȌǤ
8
O Waqf (pl. awqafȌ±ƒ†‘ƒ­ ‘”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ“—‡•‡ˆƒœƒ–”ƒ†‹­ ‘‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ‡•‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ“—‡‘“—‡ˆ‘‹†‘ƒ†‘ȋ–‡”Ǧ
ra, prédio, dinheiro etc.) é considerado dado a Deus, não podendo, portanto, ser vendido, alugado, doado,
ƒŽ–‡”ƒ†‘‘—’‘•–‘‡Š‹’‘–‡…ƒȋ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣͶͺȌǤ

122 MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017

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‹ƒ–‡†ƒ•‹˜‡•–‹†ƒ••‹‘‹•–ƒ•’ƒ”ƒ…‘’”ƒ”‘–‡””‡‘ǡƒŒŒ‹—•‘—”‡…—”•‘•
 •—ƒ †‹•’‘•‹­ ‘ ’ƒ”ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹œƒ” ‘„”ƒ• ‘ ƒ”ƒ ƒ•ŠǦŠƒ”‹ˆǡ †‡–”‡ ƒ• “—ƒ‹• ‡•–ƒ˜ƒ
‘ ”‡„ƒ‹šƒ‡–‘ †‡ — †‘• —”‘•ǡ ƒ ƒ„‡”–—”ƒ †‡ —ƒ ’ƒ••ƒ‰‡ ’ƒ”ƒ ‘• ‘”ƒ†‘”‡• †ƒ
área e a construção de uma Zawyehͻȋ
ǡͳͻʹͻǣͻͺǦͳͲͶȌǤ•‘„”ƒ•‡”ƒ
ˆ”‡“—‡–‡‡–‡…”‹–‹…ƒ†ƒ•’‡Ž‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘•Œ—†‡—•‡’‡Ž‘••‹‘‹•–ƒ•ǡ“—‡ƒŽ‡‰ƒ˜ƒ
“—‡‡”ƒDz‹‘˜ƒ­Ù‡•dz“—‡˜‹‘Žƒ˜ƒ‘status quo10ǡ…”‹ƒ˜ƒ†‹ϐ‹…—Ž†ƒ†‡•’ƒ”ƒ‘–”Ÿ•‹–‘†‡
Œ—†‡—•ƒž”‡ƒ‡’‡”‹–‹ƒ“—‡—­—Žƒ‘•“—‡’ƒ••ƒ••‡’‡Ž‘Ž‘…ƒŽ†‡•”‡•’‡‹–ƒ••‡
‘•†‡˜‘–‘•ǤŽ±†‹••‘ǡ‘•Œ—†‡—•–ƒ„±”‡…Žƒƒ˜ƒ†‡‘˜ƒ•’”ž–‹…ƒ•‹•–‹–—À†ƒ•‘
Ž‘…ƒŽǡ’”‡Œ—†‹…ƒ†‘•—ƒ•‘”ƒ­Ù‡•ǡ…‘‘‘…ƒ–‘†‘Muezzin11, iniciado em novembro de
ͳͻʹͺȋ
ǡͳͻ͵Ͳ…ȌǤ

••ƒ•‹–—ƒ­ ‘‘•’‡”‹–‡˜‡”…Žƒ”ƒ‡–‡ƒ–ž–‹…ƒ†‡ƒŒŒ‹‡•—ƒ’‘•–—”ƒˆ”‡–‡•
ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•Ǥ‹ƒ–‡†ƒ•”‡…Žƒƒ­Ù‡•†‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•Œ—†‡—•ǡ‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ ‘Š
Šƒ…‡ŽŽ‘”ȋͳͻʹͺǦͳͻ͵ͳȌ…Šƒ‘—ƒŒŒ‹’ƒ”ƒ—ƒ”‡—‹ ‘‡†‡ƒ†‘—“—‡‡Ž‡’ƒ”ƒŽ‹•ƒ••‡
ƒ•‘„”ƒ•Ǥ‡‰—†‘ƒ‹—–ƒ†‘‡…‘–”‘ǡ‘—ˆ–‹ƒϐ‹”‘—“—‡ ‘†‡•‡Œƒ˜ƒDz…‘Ž‘…ƒ”“—ƒŽ“—‡”
‘„•–ž…—Ž‘‘…ƒ‹Š‘†‘
‘˜‡”‘dzǡƒ•–‡‹ƒ“—‡•‡ƒ•‘„”ƒ•ˆ‘••‡’ƒ”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†ƒ•‘•Œ—†‡—•
‹”‹ƒDz‘„–‡”˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡•‘ˆ—–—”‘dz‡Dz–‘ƒ”‡••ƒ‡†‹†ƒ…‘‘’”‡…‡†‡–‡dzǤŠƒ…‡ŽŽ‘”ƒϐ‹”‘—
…‘’”‡‡†‡”ƒ’”‡‘…—’ƒ­ ‘†‘—ˆ–‹‡‰ƒ”ƒ–‹—“—‡ ‘’‡”‹–‹”‹ƒƒ˜‹‘Žƒ­ ‘ƒ‘•†‹”‡‹–‘•†‘•
—­—Žƒ‘•Ǥ‹ƒ–‡†‹••‘ǡƒŒŒ‹…‘…‘”†‘—ǡƒϐ‹”ƒ†‘“—‡ϐ‹…ƒ”‹ƒDzˆ‡Ž‹œdz‡’ƒ”ƒŽ‹•ƒ”ƒ
‘„”ƒDz–‡’‘”ƒ”‹ƒ‡–‡dzǡƒ••‘‡–‡…‘‘—Dzˆƒ˜‘”’‡••‘ƒŽdzƒ‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ǡ‡ǡ’‘”ϐ‹ǡ
•‘Ž‹…‹–‘—ƒŠƒ…‡ŽŽ‘”“—‡ŽŠ‡ƒ••‡‰—”ƒ••‡“—‡‘•Œ—†‡—• ‘„—•…ƒ”‹ƒ‘†‹ϐ‹…ƒ”‘status quo
ȋ
ǡͳͻʹͻǣͻͺǦͳͲͶǡ–”ƒ†—­ ‘‘••ƒȌǤ

‘” ‡••ƒ ƒ„‘”†ƒ‰‡ǡ ’‡”…‡„‡Ǧ•‡ “—‡ ƒ –ž–‹…ƒ †‡ ƒŒŒ ‹ ‡”ƒ —•ƒ” •—ƒ ’‘•‹­ ‘
…‘‘”‡•‹†‡–‡†‘’ƒ”ƒ’‡”•—ƒ†‹”‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ƒ‰ƒ”ƒ–‹”ƒŠ‡‰‡‘‹ƒ†‘•
—­—Žƒ‘• ‘ —”‘ †ƒ• ƒ‡–ƒ­Ù‡•Ǥ ••‹ǡ •—ƒ• ƒ­Ù‡• –‹Šƒ …‘‘ ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ǡ ’‘”
—Žƒ†‘ǡ‘•–”ƒ”Ǧ•‡…‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‘…‘‘‰‘˜‡”‘ǡƒ•ǡ’‘”‘—–”‘ǡ’”‡••‹‘ƒ”‘‰‘˜‡”‘ƒ
adotar uma medida contrária aos desígnios sionistas.

ƒŒŒ ‹ –ƒ„± —–‹Ž‹œ‘— ‘• ”‡…—”•‘• ϐ‹ƒ…‡‹”‘• ‡ ƒ ‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒ †‘  ’ƒ”ƒ
‹’‡†‹” ƒ ˜‡†ƒ †‡ –‡””ƒ• ž”ƒ„‡• ƒ‘• •‹‘‹•–ƒ•Ǥ  ͳͻ͵Ͷǡ ‘  ƒ–—‘— Œ—–‘ ƒ ‘—–”ƒ•
‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡•‡—ƒ…ƒ’ƒŠƒ’ƒ”ƒ‹’‡†‹”ƒ–”ƒ•ˆ‡”²…‹ƒ†‡–‡””ƒ•†‡ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒ”ƒ
Œ—†‡—•ǡ„—•…ƒ†‘’‡”•—ƒ†‹”‘•ƒ‰”‹…—Ž–‘”‡•ž”ƒ„‡•ƒ”‡‰‹•–”ƒ”‡•—ƒ•–‡””ƒ•…‘‘awqaf
familiares para evitar a alienação. Além disso, um contrato destinado a selar a venda de 5
mil dunnam12†‡–‡””ƒ•ƒŒ—†‡—•ˆ‘‹…ƒ…‡Žƒ†‘’‘”—ƒ‹–‡”˜‡­ ‘†‘—’”‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘
—­—Žƒ‘Ǥǡ‡ͳͻ͵͸ǡ–ƒ„±’ƒ”ƒ‡˜‹–ƒ”ƒ˜‡†ƒǡ‘ƒ†“—‹”‹—ʹͷ‹Ž†—ƒ†‡
9
ZawyehǣŽ‘…ƒŽ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘‹•ŽŸ‹…‘†‡†‹…ƒ†‘ƒ‡•–—†‘•‘—‘”ƒ­Ù‡•Ǥ
10
‘Œ—–‘†‡”‡‰”ƒ•…”‹ƒ†ƒ•’‡Ž‘•‘–‘ƒ‘•‡ͳͻͳͳȋ‡•‡‰—‹†ƒ•’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•Ȍ“—‡”‡‰—Žƒ˜ƒƒˆ”‡“—²Ǧ
…‹ƒ‡‘•”‹–—ƒ‹•Œ—†ƒ‹…‘•‘—”‘†ƒ•ƒ‡–ƒ­Ù‡•ȋ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣʹʹ͹ȌǤ
11
MuezzinǣŠ‘‡“—‡‡–‘ƒ…Ÿ–‹…‘•‹•ŽŸ‹…‘•…Šƒƒ†‘‘•†‡˜‘–‘•—­—Žƒ‘•’ƒ”ƒƒ‘”ƒ­ ‘Ǥ
12
O Dunun [pl. dunnamȐ‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‹ƒƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒƒͲǡʹͶ͹ͳƒ…”‡•ǢͳͲdunnam correspondiam a 1 hectare (ANǦ

Ǧ ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣͳǤͲ͹͹ȌǤ

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 artigo

terras e as transformou em waqf ȋ  ǡ ͳͻ͵͹ǣ ͺ͸Ǣ 

ǡͳͻ͵͸„ȌǤ

—•‡ŒƒǡƒŒŒ‹ƒ†‘–‘——ƒ–ž–‹…ƒ…‘—‡•‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†ƒ•ǡ‡“—‡ǡ
…‘ˆ‘”‡†‡•–ƒ…ƒ‹…Š‡Ž†‡‡”–‡ƒ—ȋͳͻͻͺǣͻͶǦͷȌǡ‘•ƒ–‘”‡•Ž‘…ƒ‹••—„˜‡”–‡‘•‡Ž‡‡–‘•
’”‘†—œ‹†‘•’‡Ž‘•…‘Ž‘‹œƒ†‘”‡•Dzƒ’ƒ”–‹”†‡†‡–”‘dzǡ†ƒ†‘ǦŽŠ‡•—•‘• ‘’”‡˜‹•–‘•’‡Ž‘•
ƒ‰‡–‡•…‘Ž‘‹ƒ‹•Ǥ••‹ǡƒŒŒ‹”‡…‘””‡—ƒ—ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘‹–‡‰”ƒ†ƒ‘”†‡…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ
ȋ‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȌ’ƒ”ƒƒ‰‹”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒ‡–‡…‘–”ƒ—’”‘Œ‡–‘†‡ˆ‡†‹†‘’‡Žƒ’”×’”‹ƒ
’‘–²…‹ƒ…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽȋ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒȌǤ

 ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ †‡ ƒŒŒ ‹ ˆ‘‹ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ†ƒ ’‡Žƒ• ’”×’”‹ƒ• „”‡…Šƒ• †ƒ ‘”†‡
‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘Ǥ ‘‘ ŽÀ†‡” †ƒ ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘ —­—Žƒƒ ƒ‹• ’‘†‡”‘•ƒ †ƒ
ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡—‘‡–‘‡“—‡ ‘ƒ‹•Šƒ˜‹ƒ’±”‹‘–‘ƒ‘ǡ‡Ž‡ ‘†‡˜‹ƒƒ‹•
•—Œ‡‹­ ‘ ƒ —ƒ ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡ ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ ‘ …‡–”‘ ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ” ‘• ˆ—†‘• †‡
waqfǤ–‡•—ƒ–ƒ”‡ˆƒ•—„‘”†‹ƒ†ƒƒ‘‹‹•–±”‹‘†‘ƒ“ˆ‡ƒ‘Sheik Al-Islamͳ͵, agora o
‰‡”‡…‹ƒ‡–‘†‘•ˆ—†‘•‡”ƒ”‡ƒŽ‹œƒ†‘’‘”ƒŒŒ‹’”ƒ–‹…ƒ‡–‡•‡‹–‡”ˆ‡”²…‹ƒ†‘
‰‘˜‡”‘ȋ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣʹʹͲǦͳȌǤ

‘—–”ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘“—‡‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•„—•…ƒ”ƒ—–‹Ž‹œƒ”’ƒ”ƒϐ‹•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•ƒ†±…ƒ†ƒ
†‡ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ˆ‘‹ ‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘Ǥ  ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘  ‘ …Š‡‰‘— ƒ •‡” ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†ƒǡ ƒ• ±
‹–‡”‡••ƒ–‡ƒƒŽ‹•ƒ”ƒ•†‹•…—••Ù‡•‡–‘”‘†ƒ…”‹ƒ­ ‘†‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘’”‡‡†‡”ƒ
tática dos notáveis.

‘‘ ˜‹‘•ǡ ’”‘Œ‡–‘• †‡ …”‹ƒ­ ‘ †‡ — ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ǡ “—‡ …‘–ƒ”‹ƒ …‘ ƒ
’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ­ ‘†‡ž”ƒ„‡•‡Œ—†‡—•ǡˆ‘”ƒƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†‘•Œž‘•’”‹‡‹”‘•ƒ‘•†‡…‘–”‘Ž‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǡ
‡ ͳͻʹʹ ‡ ͳͻʹ͵ǡ ƒ• ‘• ŽÀ†‡”‡• ž”ƒ„‡• •‡ ”‡…—•ƒ”ƒ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”Ǥ ƒ ‘…ƒ•‹ ‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹•
ƒϐ‹”ƒ˜ƒ“—‡ƒ…‡‹–ƒ”ƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘†‡Œ—†‡—•‡—…‘•‡ŽŠ‘†‡–ƒŽ‹’‘”–Ÿ…‹ƒ•‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ”‹ƒ•—ƒ
ƒ“—‹‡•…²…‹ƒƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ‡‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”ȋǡʹͲͲ͸ǣ͵ͷȌǤ

‘”±ǡ ƒ †±…ƒ†ƒ †‡ ͳͻ͵Ͳǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ”ƒ —ƒ —†ƒ­ƒ †‡ ‘’‹‹ ‘Ǥ
‹ƒ–‡†‘ˆ‘”–ƒŽ‡…‹‡–‘†‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǡ‡Ž‡•‡š‡”‰ƒ”ƒ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘…‘‘
—‹•–”—‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ŽǤ‘‹••‘ǡ’ƒ••ƒ”ƒƒ†‡ƒ†ƒ”ƒ‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘ƒˆ‘”ƒ­ ‘
†‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘ǡ”‡…‘Š‡…‡†‘“—‡Šƒ˜‹ƒ…‘‡–‹†‘—‡””‘ƒ‘ ‘ƒ…‡‹–ƒ”‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”†‡
–ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘ ‡ ͳͻʹʹ ȋ 
ǡ ͳͻ͵Ͳƒǣ ͳͶȌǤ  †‡œ‡„”‘ †‡ ͳͻ͵Ͳǡ ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•
„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ƒ˜ƒŽ‹ƒ˜ƒ“—‡ǡ•‡†‡ˆƒ–‘—‘•‡ŽŠ‘ˆ‘••‡…”‹ƒ†‘ƒ“—‡Ž‡‘‡–‘ǡ—‹–‘•
ž”ƒ„‡•‡•–ƒ”‹ƒ†‹•’‘•–‘•ƒ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”ȋ
ǡͳͻ͵Ͳ„ǣͶ͹ʹȌǤ

ƒ”ƒ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•ǡ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘•‡”‹ƒ—Ÿ„‹–‘†‡ƒ­ ‘“—‡‘•’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–ƒ”‹ƒ
Ž—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ†‡–”‘†ƒŽ‡‹Ǥ•–ƒ˜ƒ…Žƒ”‘’ƒ”ƒ‘‰‘˜‡”‘‡ǡ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ
’ƒ”ƒ‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡••‹‘‹•–ƒ•ǡ“—‡‘•‡„”‘•ž”ƒ„‡•†‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘–‡–ƒ”‹ƒ—•ƒ”ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘

Š‡‹ƒŽǦ•Žƒǣ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‡•–ƒ–ƒŽ…Š‡ˆ‡†ƒŠ‹‡”ƒ”“—‹ƒ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ‘’±”‹‘–‘ƒ‘Ǥȋ

ǦǦ
13

 ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣͻͲͲǦͳȌǤ

124 MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017

 artigo

’ƒ”ƒ…‘„ƒ–‡”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡…‘”‡Žƒ­ ‘‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘‡’‡”‹•• ‘†‡
˜‡†ƒ†‡–‡””ƒ•Ǥ‘‡ˆ‡‹–‘ǡ‹••‘ϐ‹…ƒ…Žƒ”‘ƒ•†‹•…—••Ù‡•“—‡‘…‘””‡”ƒ‘ϐ‹ƒŽ†‡ͳͻ͵ͷǤ

‘•†‹ƒ•ʹͳ‡ʹʹ†‡†‡œ‡„”‘†‡ͳͻ͵ͷǡ‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘•‡”‡—‹—…‘ŽÀ†‡”‡•
ž”ƒ„‡• ‡ Œ—†‡—• ‡ ƒ’”‡•‡–‘— — ’”‘Œ‡–‘ ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ †‡ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘Ǥ  ’”‘’‘•–ƒ
ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†ƒ’”‡˜‹ƒ—‘•‡ŽŠ‘…‘’‘•–‘’‘”…‹…‘‡„”‘•‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•ǡͳͳ‡„”‘• ‘
‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•‘‡ƒ†‘•‡ͳʹ‡„”‘• ‘‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•‡Ž‡‹–‘•Ǥ…‘’‘•‹­ ‘ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†ƒ…‘…‡†‹ƒ
ƒ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•—ƒ’‘•‹­ ‘†‡ˆ‘”­ƒƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘ǡ’‘‹•Šƒ˜‡”‹ƒͳ͸‡„”‘•—­—Žƒ‘•‡
–”²•…”‹•– ‘•ǡ–‘–ƒŽ‹œƒ†‘ͳͻ‘“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‘†‡ž”ƒ„‡•ǡ…‘–”ƒͳ͵Œ—†‡—•ȋ
ǡ
ͳͻ͵ͷǢ
ǡͳͻ͵ͷǣͷͺǦ͸͵ȌǤ

‡••‡ ‘†‘ǡ ‘• ž”ƒ„‡• ’‘†‡”‹ƒ ‡ˆ‡–‹˜ƒ‡–‡ ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ” ’”‘Œ‡–‘• †‡ …ƒ”ž–‡”
antissionista, especialmente para restrição da imigração e proibição de venda de terras aos
Œ—†‡—•Ǥ‡‡Ž‡•˜‘–ƒ••‡‡„Ž‘…‘ǡ’‘†‡”‹ƒƒ’”‘˜ƒ”Ž‡‹•‘—”‡‰—Žƒ‡–‘•“—‡…”‹ƒ”‹ƒ
‘„•–ž…—Ž‘•…‘…”‡–‹œƒ­ ‘†‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ

’”‘’‘•–ƒƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†ƒ’‡Ž‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘‡†‡œ‡„”‘†‡ͳͻ͵ͷˆ‘‹‘’ƒ••‘
ƒ‹•†‹•–ƒ–‡†ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ”—‘ƒ‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹‡–‘†‡—‘•‡ŽŠ‘
‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘Ǥ‹‡–‡•†‡“—‡’‘†‡”‹ƒ—•ƒ”‡••ƒ˜‡”• ‘†‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘–‡”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘
•‹‘‹•–ƒǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹• ‘ƒ’‡ƒ•†‡”ƒ•‡—ƒ˜ƒŽ’”‘’‘•–ƒǡƒ•’ƒ••ƒ”ƒƒ’”‡••‹‘ƒ”‘
‰‘˜‡”‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘…”‡–‹œžǦŽƒȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͸ƒǣͶȌǤ

•–ƒ˜ƒ …Žƒ”‘ ’ƒ”ƒ —‹–‘• ž”ƒ„‡• “—‡ ‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ •‡”‹ƒ ‹–‡‹”ƒ‡–‡
•—„‘”†‹ƒ†‘ƒ‘‰‘˜‡”‘†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡŒž“—‡‘Ž–‘‘‹••ž”‹‘–‡”‹ƒ’‘†‡”†‡˜‡–‘ƒ•
“—‡•–Ù‡• ƒ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ–‡•Ǥ ‘„”‡–—†‘ ’‘”“—‡ ƒ• Ž‡‹• ‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ‡–‘• ƒ’”‘˜ƒ†‘•  ‘
’‘†‡”‹ƒ’‡†‹”ƒ”‡˜‘‰ƒ­ ‘†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘‘—…‘–”ƒ”‹ƒ”“—ƒŽ“—‡”ƒ”–‹‰‘†‘•‡—•–ƒ–—–‘ǡ
‹…Ž—‹†‘ ƒ †‡–‡”‹ƒ­ ‘ †‡ †ƒ” ‡ˆ‡‹–‘  ‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ ƒŽˆ‘—”Ǥ ƒ ˜‡”†ƒ†‡ǡ ‘ ’”‘Œ‡–‘ †‡
ͳͻ͵ͷ’‘••—Àƒ–”²•’”‹…À’‹‘•’±–”‡‘•ǣͳȌƒ˜ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡†‘ƒ†ƒ–‘ ‘•‡”‹ƒ“—‡•–‹‘ƒ†ƒǢ
ʹȌ ‘ Ž–‘ ‘‹••ž”‹‘ –‡”‹ƒ ‘ ’‘†‡” †‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ” ‡ …‡”–ƒ• …‹”…—•–Ÿ…‹ƒ•Ǣ ‡ ͵Ȍ ‘ Ž–‘
‘‹••ž”‹‘…‘–‹—ƒ”‹ƒƒ†‡–‡”‘’‘†‡”†‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ”ƒ•…‘–ƒ•†‡‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘ȋ

ǡͳͻ͵ͷǣ͸ͳǦ͵Ǣ
Ǧ ǡͳͻͶ͸ǣ͵͵ǦͶȌǤ

‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ ƒ‘ †‡…‹†‹”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ” †‡ — ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ ‡••‡• ‘Ž†‡•ǡ ‘•
ŽÀ†‡”‡•‘–ž˜‡‹•‹†‹…ƒ˜ƒƒƒ…‡‹–ƒ­ ‘†‡—ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘†‘‹ƒ†ƒǡ‡‹ƒ‹•–Ÿ…‹ƒǡ
’‡Žƒ
” Ǧ”‡–ƒŠƒ ‡ “—‡  ‘ ’‘†‡”‹ƒ †‡…Žƒ”ƒ” ‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘ …‘‘ ‹Ž‡‰À–‹‘Ǥ Ž± †‹••‘ǡ
…‘…‘”†ƒ˜ƒ‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”†‡—ƒ‹•–‹–—‹­ ‘“—‡ ‘’‘†‡”‹ƒ˜‡–ƒ”‡†‹†ƒ•’ƒ”ƒ†ƒ”
‡ˆ‡‹–‘‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”‡“—‡†ƒ”‹ƒƒ‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‘’‘†‡”‡š…Ž—•‹˜‘†‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ”ƒ
–ƒšƒ†‡‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘Œ—†ƒ‹…ƒǤ

‹†ƒ ƒ••‹ǡ ‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ ˆ‘‹ ˜‹•–‘ ’‡Ž‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• …‘‘ — ‡‹‘ †‡
…‘„ƒ–‡”‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒǤ2‡Ž—…‹†ƒ–‹˜‘ƒ‡••‡”‡•’‡‹–‘‘†‹žŽ‘‰‘ƒ–‹†‘‡–”‡‘Ž–‘
‘‹••ž”‹‘”–Š—”ƒ—…Š‘’‡ȋͳͻ͵ͳǦͳͻ͵ͺȌ‡ŽÀ†‡”‡•‘–ž˜‡‹•Ǥ‡‰—†‘‘‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǣ

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— †‹••‡ ƒ ‡Ž‡• ˆ”ƒ…ƒ‡–‡ ‘ “— ‘ Ž‹‹–ƒ†‘ †‡˜‡”‹ƒ •‡” ‘ ’‘†‡” †‡ “—ƒŽ“—‡”
‘•‡ŽŠ‘Ǥ—’”‡•—‹“—‡ƒ’”‹‡‹”ƒ…‘‹•ƒ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•ˆƒ”‹ƒ•‡—‘•‡ŽŠ‘ˆ‘••‡
estabelecido seria votar solidamente por uma resolução proibindo a venda de
–‡””ƒ•ƒ‘•Œ—†‡—•‡ƒ‡–”ƒ†ƒ†‡ƒ‹•Œ—†‡—•ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤŽ‡•…‘…‘”†ƒ”ƒǤ– ‘ǡ
‡—†‹••‡ǣDz˜‘…²•’‡”…‡„‡“—‡‘
‘˜‡”‘†‡˜‡”‡Œ‡‹–ƒ”“—ƒŽ“—‡””‡•‘Ž—­ ‘…‘‘
‡••ƒǫ‘…²•‡– ‘ ‘‹”‹ƒ†‹œ‡”“—‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘±—ƒ’‹ƒ†ƒ‡‹”‹ƒ•‡”‡–‹”ƒ”ǫdz
Ž‡•†‹••‡”ƒǣDz ‘Ǥו•‡†ï˜‹†ƒ”‡‰‹•–”ƒ”Àƒ‘•‘••‘•˜‡‡‡–‡•’”‘–‡•–‘•Ǣ
ƒ• ×• ‹”Àƒ‘• •‡‰—‹” ƒ†‹ƒ–‡ ’ƒ”ƒ †‹•…—–‹” ‡ –‡–ƒ” ‘Ž†ƒ” ƒ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ­ ‘ “—‡
…Š‡‰ƒ••‡†‹ƒ–‡†‡×•dzȋ
ǡͳͻ͵Ͷǣͷǡ–”ƒ†—­ ‘‘••ƒȌǤ

‡ˆƒ–‘ǡ‘•‘–ž˜‡‹• ‘ƒ’‘‹ƒ˜ƒ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘†‡ˆ‘”ƒ‹‘…‡–‡ǤŽÀ†‡”
‘–ž˜‡Ž —•ƒ ƒŽǦŽƒ‹ ƒϐ‹”‘— ‡ —ƒ ”‡—‹ ‘ …‘ ‘ ŽÀ†‡”•‹‘‹•–ƒ ƒ˜‹† ‡Ǧ
—”‹‘
“—‡ǡƒ’‡•ƒ”†‡‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘•‡”Dz—ƒ‡”ƒ‡‰ƒƒ­ ‘dzǡ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”‹ƒǡDz’‘‹•‡Ž‡•
 ‘ ‰ƒŠƒ”ƒ ƒ†ƒ …‘ •—ƒ ”‡…—•ƒ ‡ •‡ Œ—–ƒ” ƒ‘ …‘•‡ŽŠ‘ …”‹ƒ†‘ †‘œ‡ ƒ‘• ƒ–‡•dz
ȋǡʹͲͲ͹ǣ͵ͲͶǦ͸ȌǤ

‘”ϐ‹ǡ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘†‡‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘ ‘ˆ”—–‹ϐ‹…‘—Ǥ‡”…‡„‡†‘ƒ’‘•‹­ ‘†‡
ˆ‘”­ƒ“—‡•‡”‹ƒ‘„–‹†ƒ’‡Ž‘•ž”ƒ„‡•‘‹–‡”‹‘”†‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘ǡ‘••‹‘‹•–ƒ••‡”‡…—•ƒ”ƒƒ
’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ”Ǥ‘‹••‘ǡƒ’וƒ…ƒŽ‘”ƒ†‘•†‡„ƒ–‡•‘ƒ”Žƒ‡–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘‘‹À…‹‘†‡ͳͻ͵͸ǡ
‡ “—‡ ‘• ’ƒ”Žƒ‡–ƒ”‡• ’”×Ǧ•‹‘‹•–ƒ• ƒ–—ƒ”ƒ †‡ ˆ‘”ƒ ’”‘‡‹‡–‡ǡ ƒ ’”‘’‘•–ƒ ˆ‘‹
”‡Œ‡‹–ƒ†ƒȋǡʹͲͳͶǣͳʹʹǢǡͳͻ͵͹ǣͻͳȌǤ

‹ƒ–‡ †‘ ‡š’‘•–‘ǡ ’‡”…‡„‡Ǧ•‡ “—‡ –ƒ–‘ ƒ ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘ †‡ ƒŒŒ ‹ ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹ ‘
—’”‡‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ —­—Žƒ‘ “—ƒ–‘ ƒ †‡–‡”‹ƒ­ ‘ †‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ” †‘
‘•‡ŽŠ‘‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‘‡š’”‡••ƒ˜ƒ táticas institucionais de usar sua posição social e política
contra o movimento sionista. No entanto, essa táti…ƒ ˆ‘‹ •‘Žƒ’ƒ†ƒ “—ƒ†‘ ƒ ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ
‡š’Ž‘†‹—ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡ͳͻ͵͸Ǥ

VIOLÊNCIA POLÍTICA E O FIM DA PRÁTICA DE COOPERAÇÃO

 †±…ƒ†ƒ †‡ ͳͻ͵Ͳ ˆ‘‹ ‘ ’‡”À‘†‘ †‡ ƒ‰”ƒ˜ƒ‡–‘ †ƒ •‹–—ƒ­ ‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ
devido ao crescimento do descontentamento da população árabe †‹ƒ–‡†ƒ•“—‡•–Ù‡•†‡–‡””ƒ
e imigração. Nesses anos, indivíduos de fora das famílias de notáveis adentraram o espaço
’ï„Ž‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘‡’ƒ••ƒ”ƒƒ•‡…‘•–‹–—‹”…‘‘‘—–”‘•‡‰‡–‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘ǣ‘•ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ•Ǥ

• ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ• ‡”ƒ ‹†‹˜À†—‘• †‡ …Žƒ••‡ ±†‹ƒǡ …‘‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‘”‡•ǡ Œ‘”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ•ǡ
advogados, médicos etc., ou de classe alta, mas também havia membros de posses
ƒ‹• ‘†‡•–ƒ•Ǥ Ž± †‹••‘ǡ Šƒ˜‹ƒ ŽÀ†‡”‡• “—‡ ‡”ƒ ‡„”‘• †‡ ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ• ‘–ž˜‡‹• “—‡
•‡ Œ—–ƒ”ƒ ƒ‘• ‰”—’‘• ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ• ȋ’‘” –‡”‡ ’‡”†‹†‘ ’”‘‡‹²…‹ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǡ ’‘” •‡”‡
membros não líderes de suas famílias ou por rechaçarem a política dos notáveis). Apesar
†ƒŠ‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹†ƒ†‡•‘…‹ƒŽǡ‘“—‡‘•—‹ƒ‡”ƒƒ’”‘’‘•‹­ ‘†‡—ƒ‘˜ƒ’”ž–‹…ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‡
—‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘—‹–‘„‡†‡ϐ‹‹†‘Ȃ‘ϐ‹†‡“—ƒŽ“—‡””‡Žƒ­ ‘…‘ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ•
ȋǡͳͻ͹ͺǣͳͳͶǢ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣʹͷͶȌǤ

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ƒ•±”‹‡†‡ƒ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‘…‘””‡—‡–”‡ͳͻ͵ͳ‡ͳͻ͵ͷǡ‡“—‡ƒ•’”ž–‹…ƒ•
’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ•‰ƒŠƒ˜ƒ…‘”’‘Ǥ‘‹˜±•†‡ƒ”…Šƒ•’ƒ…Àϐ‹…ƒ•ǡ…‘‘ƒ•…‘˜‘…ƒ†ƒ•
’‡Ž‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹•ǡ ‘• ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ• ƒ†‘–ƒ˜ƒ —ƒ ’‘•–—”ƒ †‡•ƒϐ‹ƒ†‘”ƒ ‘ ‡•’ƒ­‘ ’ï„Ž‹…‘ ‡ ƒ•
ƒ‹ˆ‡•–ƒ­Ù‡•ˆ”‡“—‡–‡‡–‡†‡‰‡‡”ƒ˜ƒ‡˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒǤ

ƒ”ƒŽ‡Žƒ‡–‡ ƒ ‹••‘ǡ ‘• ƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒ• …”‹ƒ˜ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ­Ù‡• …‘„ƒ–‹˜ƒ• ’ƒ”ƒ Ž—–ƒ”

…‘–”ƒ ‘ •‹‘‹•‘ǡ ƒ ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ †‡Žƒ• ‘ ƒ”–‹†‘ †ƒ †‡’‡†²…‹ƒ ”ƒ„‡ †ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ ‘
Istiqlalǡˆ—†ƒ†‘‡ͳͻ͵ʹǤƒ„±ˆ‘”ƒˆ—†ƒ†‘•‰”—’‘•†‡‡•–—†ƒ–‡•ǡ†‡‡•…‘–‡‹”‘•ǡ
†‡ –”ƒ„ƒŽŠƒ†‘”‡• ‡ †‡ —ŽŠ‡”‡• “—‡ ƒ–—ƒ˜ƒ †‡ ˆ‘”ƒ …‘„ƒ–‹˜ƒ ƒ ƒ”‡ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ
’ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡„—•…ƒ˜ƒ…ƒƒŽ‹œƒ”‘†‡•…‘–‡–ƒ‡–‘†ƒ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘’ƒ”ƒƒŽ—–ƒƒ–‹„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ
ȋǡͳͻ͹ͺǣͳ͵͵ǢǡʹͲͲ͸ǣͳʹʹǦͷǢ"ǡʹͲͲͺǣʹͷ͸Ǧ͹ȌǤ

Além dos ativistas, grupos rebeldes no campo passaram a adotar a luta armada
…‘–”ƒ ‘ ‰‘˜‡”‘Ǥ  ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ †‡••‡• ‘˜‹‡–‘• ˆ‘‹ ‘ …‘†—œ‹†‘ ’‘” œœ ƒ†Ǧ‹ ƒŽǦ
ƒ••ƒǡ — ŽÀ†‡” ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘ “—‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‘— — ‘˜‹‡–‘ †‡ ‰—‡””‹ŽŠƒ ƒ• ‘–ƒŠƒ•
†ƒ
ƒŽ‹Ž‡‹ƒ‡ˆ‘‹‘”–‘’‘”ˆ‘”­ƒ•„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ•‡‘˜‡„”‘†‡ͳͻ͵ͷȋ
ǡ
ͳͻ͵ͷǢ
ǡͳͻ͵ͷǣͷ͸ȌǤ

“—ƒ–‘ ‹••‘ǡ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ƒ–‹ŠƒǦ•‡ ƒˆ‡””ƒ†‘•  •—ƒ –ž–‹…ƒ …‘…‹Ž‹ƒ–×”‹ƒǤ

2‹’‘”–ƒ–‡†‡•–ƒ…ƒ”“—‡‡Ž‡• ‘ƒ••‹•–‹”ƒ’ƒ••‹˜ƒ‡–‡à piora da situação política
da Palestina. • ’”‹…‹’ƒ‹• ŽÀ†‡”‡• ‘–ž˜‡‹• „—•…ƒ˜ƒǡ ’‘” ‡‹‘ †‡ ”‡—‹Ù‡•ǡ ’‡–‹­Ù‡• ‡
†‡Ž‡‰ƒ­Ù‡•ǡ”‡‘”‹‡–ƒ”ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ‡‘„–‡”ƒ”‡˜‘‰ƒ­ ‘†ƒ‡…Žƒ”ƒ­ ‘ƒŽˆ‘—”Ǥ‘–—†‘ǡ
‡••ƒ’”ž–‹…ƒ†ƒ˜ƒ…Žƒ”‘••‹ƒ‹•†‡‡•‰‘–ƒ‡–‘‡ ‘†‡‘•–”ƒ˜ƒ•—”–‹”“—ƒŽ“—‡”‡ˆ‡‹–‘
prático na luta antissionista.

‡••‡‘†‘ǡ‡†‹†ƒ“—‡ƒ†±…ƒ†ƒ†‡ͳͻ͵Ͳƒ˜ƒ­ƒ˜ƒǡ‘’ƒ’‡Ž†‡Ž‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ†‘•
‘–ž˜‡‹•‡”ƒ‡”‘†‹†‘’‡Žƒ•ˆ‘”­ƒ•ƒ‹•…‘„ƒ–‹˜ƒ•“—‡ƒ†‡–”ƒ˜ƒ‘‡•’ƒ­‘’ï„Ž‹…‘ž”ƒ„‡
’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘Ǥ  ‰‘Ž’‡ ϐ‹ƒŽ ƒ Ž‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ †‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ‘…‘””‡— ‡ ͳͻ͵͹ǡ ‡ ‡‹‘ 
”ƒ†‡
Revolta Árabe da Palestina.


”ƒ†‡ ‡˜‘Ž–ƒ •‡ ‹‹…‹‘— ‡ ƒ„”‹Ž †‡ ͳͻ͵͸ ‡ ˆ‘‹ †‡„‡Žƒ†ƒ ƒ’‡ƒ• ‡ ͳͻ͵ͻǤ
 ’”‹…À’‹‘ …ƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ†ƒ ’‘” ƒ–‘• †‡ ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ …‘–”ƒ ƒ …‘—‹†ƒ†‡ Œ—†ƒ‹…ƒǡ ƒ ”‡˜‘Ž–ƒ
se tornou uma verdadeira rebelião contra o governo da Palestina. Ao longo do levante,
grupos combatentes urbanos e guerrilheiros do meio rural cometeram uma série de
ƒ–ƒ“—‡•…‘–”ƒ‹•–ƒŽƒ­Ù‡•‰‘˜‡”ƒ‡–ƒ‹•„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ•ǡ‘“—‡•‡…‘ϐ‹‰—”‘—…‘‘‘ƒ‹•
•±”‹‘†‡•ƒϐ‹‘ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͸„Ǣ
ǡͳͻ͵͹ǣͳͲͶȌǤ

• ‘–ž˜‡‹•ǡ ˜ƒŽ‘”‹œƒ†‘ ƒ ‡†‹ƒ­ ‘ ‡ ƒ ‘†‡”ƒ­ ‘ǡ „—•…ƒ˜ƒ •‡ †‹••‘…‹ƒ” †ƒ

˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ ‡ –‡–ƒ”ƒ ‹’‡†‹” ƒ …‘–‹—‹†ƒ†‡ †ƒ ”‡˜‘Ž–ƒǤ ‘” ‘—–”‘ Žƒ†‘ǡ ‡Ž‡• „—•…ƒ”ƒ
obter medidas de Londres contra o movimento sionista. Segundo eles, somente com a
’ƒ”ƒŽ‹•ƒ­ ‘†ƒ‹‹‰”ƒ­ ‘Œ—†ƒ‹…ƒ‡…‘ƒŽ‹‹–ƒ­ ‘†ƒ˜‡†ƒ†‡–‡””ƒ•ǡƒ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ–‡”‹ƒϐ‹
ȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͸„ȌǤ

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Diante da amplitude da revolta, uma comissão de investigação foi enviada para

ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ …‘ ‘ ‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘ †‡ ƒ˜‡”‹‰—ƒ” ƒ• …ƒ—•ƒ• †ƒ ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒǤ  ‘‹•• ‘ ‡ƒŽ †‡
˜‡•–‹‰ƒ­ ‘ǡ–ƒ„±…‘Š‡…‹†ƒ…‘‘Dz‘‹•• ‘‡‡Ždzȋ’‘”•‡”’”‡•‹†‹†ƒ’‘”ƒ”Ž‡‡ŽȌǡ
ˆ‘‹‡…ƒ””‡‰ƒ†ƒ†‡‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ”ƒ•…ƒ—•ƒ•†ƒ”‡˜‘Ž–ƒ‡’”‘’‘”•‘Ž—­Ù‡•’ƒ”ƒ‘‹’ƒ••‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘
†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ’ו…‘ŽŠ‡”‡†‡’‘‹‡–‘•†‡ž”ƒ„‡•‡Œ—†‡—•ǡ‘•‡„”‘•†ƒ…‘‹•• ‘
conclu픃“—‡ƒ…ƒ•‘Ž—­ ‘’ƒ”ƒ‘’”‘„Ž‡ƒ‡”ƒƒ’ƒ”–‹ŽŠƒ†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǡ…‘ƒ…”‹ƒ­ ‘
†‡—•–ƒ†‘ž”ƒ„‡‡—•–ƒ†‘Œ—†‡—Ǥ

 ƒï…‹‘ †‘ ”‡Žƒ–×”‹‘ †ƒ ‘‹•• ‘ ‡‡Ž ‡ Œ—ŽŠ‘ †‡ ͳͻ͵͹ †‡— ‘˜‘ À’‡–‘ 
”‡˜‘Ž–ƒǤ’ƒ”–‹”†‡‡– ‘ǡƒ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ•‡‡•’ƒŽŠ‘—’ƒ”ƒ–‘†ƒ•ƒ•’ƒ”–‡•†ƒƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ‡‘•
”‡„‡Ž†‡•’ƒ••ƒ”ƒƒƒ••ƒ••‹ƒ”‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‘— árabes a serviço do governo. Além
disso, os rebeldes tomaram o controle de estradas, vilarejos e cidades, incluindo a Cidade
Antiga de Jerusalém e a Cidade Antiga de ƒˆˆƒǡƒŽ±†‡…”‡ǡ ‡”‹…ׇ‡‡”•Š‡„ƒǡ–‡””‹–×”‹‘•
“—‡•×ˆ‘”ƒ”‡…—’‡”ƒ†‘•’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•‡ͳͻ͵ͺȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͹Ǣ
ǡ
ʹͲͲͳǣͶͳͶǦͷǢǡʹͲͲͻǣͳͲ͹Ǣǡͳͻͻͻǣͳ͹ʹȌǤ

Paralelamente a isso, profundamente contrariados com a proposta de partilha,

os notáveis se articularam de forma mais contundente com os grupos rebeldes. Diante
†‘ƒ’‘‹‘’‘’—Žƒ””‡˜‘Ž–ƒǡ–‡‡†‘’‡”†‡”•—ƒŽ‡‰‹–‹‹†ƒ†‡…‘‘ŽÀ†‡”‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•ǡ—
‰”—’‘†‡–”‡‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•ǡ…ƒ’‹–ƒ‡ƒ†‘’‘”ƒŒŒ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹ǡ’ƒ••‘—ƒƒ’‘‹ƒ”‘•ƒ–‘•
†‡˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒǤ—ƒ†‘‹••‘•‡–‘”‘—…Žƒ”‘’ƒ”ƒƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•ǡ‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•
”‘’‡”ƒƒ•”‡Žƒ­Ù‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•…‘‘•’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•ŽÀ†‡”‡•‘–ž˜‡‹•‡†‡•‡…ƒ†‡ƒ”ƒ—ƒ
‘†ƒ†‡”‡’”‡••Ù‡•…‘–”ƒ‡Ž‡•ȋǡͳͻ͹ͺǣͳ͸͹Ǧͳ͸ͻǢǡʹͲͲ͸ǣʹͷ͸ȌǤ

ƒ‹‘”‹ƒ†‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•ž”ƒ„‡•ˆ‘‹’”‡•ƒ‡‡š‹Žƒ†ƒ‡‡‹…Š‡Ž‡•‘—‘Š‹’”‡ǡ
‡“—ƒ–‘‘—–”‘•…‘•‡‰—‹”ƒˆ—‰‹”’ƒ”ƒ‘À„ƒ‘‘—’ƒ”ƒ‘”ƒ“—‡ǤƒŒŒ‹ƒŽǦ—••‡‹‹
ˆ‘‹‡š‘‡”ƒ†‘†‘•†‘‹•’‘•–‘•ƒ“—‡‡Ž‡ˆ‘”ƒ‹†‹…ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ȋ—ˆ–‹‡”‡•‹†‡–‡
†‘ —’”‡‘ ‘•‡ŽŠ‘ —­—Žƒ‘Ȍ ‡ǡ ‡ ‡ƒ†‘• †‡ ͳͻ͵͹ǡ ˆ‘”­ƒ• „”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ• –‡–ƒ”ƒ
’”‡†²ǦŽ‘ǡƒ•‡Ž‡…‘•‡‰—‹—‡•…ƒ’ƒ”’ƒ”ƒ‡‹”—–‡Ǥ’ƒ”–‹”†‡‡– ‘ǡ‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•ž”ƒ„‡•
’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•’‡”†‡”ƒƒ’”‘‡‹²…‹ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǡ‡“—ƒ–‘ƒ’‘’—Žƒ­ ‘ž”ƒ„‡’ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒˆ‘‹
†‡‹šƒ†ƒ•‡—ƒŽ‹†‡”ƒ­ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ†ƒǤ

‹ƒ–‡ †‹••‘ǡ ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ †‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• †‡‹š‘— †‡ •‡” —ƒ –ž–‹…ƒ ˜‹ž˜‡ŽǤ ‘ ’‘–‘
†‡ ˜‹•–ƒ †‘• ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹• „”‹–Ÿ‹…‘•ǡ ƒ ‡•–”ƒ–±‰‹ƒ †‡ –”ƒ„ƒŽŠƒ” …‘ ‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ’ƒ”ƒ ‹’‡†‹”
‡š’Ž‘•Ù‡• †‡ ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ ‘•–”‘—Ǧ•‡ ‹…ƒ’ƒœ †‡ …‘–‡” ‘ ’”‘ˆ—†‘ †‡•…‘–‡–ƒ‡–‘ †ƒ
população e de impedir o crescimento da combatividade dos grupos ativistas. Agora, em
•—ƒ„—•…ƒ’‘”‡†‹ƒ†‘”‡•ǡ‘•„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘••‡˜‘Ž–ƒ”ƒ’ƒ”ƒ‘•‰‘˜‡”ƒ–‡•†‘•’ƒÀ•‡•ž”ƒ„‡•
˜‹œ‹Š‘•Ȃ”ž„‹ƒƒ—†‹–ƒǡ”ƒ•Œ‘”†Ÿ‹ƒ‡”ƒ“—‡ȋ
ǡͳͻ͵͸„ȌǤ‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ
ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ†‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•…‘‘Šƒ˜‹ƒ•‹†‘’”ƒ–‹…ƒ†ƒ†‡•†‡‘‹À…‹‘†ƒ‘…—’ƒ­ ‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ‡
ͳͻͳ͹‡•–ƒ˜ƒ–‡”‹ƒ†ƒ‡ͳͻ͵͹Ǥ

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CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS
’‡•ƒ”†ƒ•ˆ”‡“—‡–‡•‡š’Ž‘•Ù‡•†‡˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒǡ’‡”…‡„‡Ǧ•‡“—‡‘•ž”ƒ„‡•’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•
Ž—–ƒ”ƒ…‘–”ƒ‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ ‘ƒ’‡ƒ•’‡Žƒ˜‹ƒƒ”ƒ†ƒǡƒ•–ƒ„±’‘”‡‹‘†ƒ
—–‹Ž‹œƒ­ ‘†‡‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡•Ž‹‰ƒ†ƒ•ƒ‘‰‘˜‡”‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†‘’‡Ž‘ƒ†ƒ–‘”‹–Ÿ‹…‘Ǥ••‹ǡ
†‡˜‡ •‡” ”‡••ƒŽ–ƒ†‘ “—‡ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ­ ‘ †‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• ‡ ‹•–‹–—‹­Ù‡• ƒ†ƒ–ž”‹ƒ•  ‘
‡š’”‡••ƒ˜ƒ—ƒƒ–‹–—†‡Dz…‘Žƒ„‘”ƒ…‹‘‹•–ƒdzǡƒ•—ƒ–ž–‹…ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘Ǧ‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽǤ

• ‘–ž˜‡‹• „—•…ƒ”ƒ ƒ–—ƒ” ‘ Ÿ„‹–‘ †ƒ ‘”†‡ ‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ †‘ ƒ†ƒ–‘
„—•…ƒ†‘—–‹Ž‹œƒ”•—ƒ’‘•‹­ ‘†‡‡†‹ƒ†‘”‡•’ƒ”ƒ…‘„ƒ–‡”‘‘˜‹‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ•‡
”‘’‡”…‘‘‰‘˜‡”‘Ǥ„‘”ƒ‡•–‹˜‡••‡‡š’‘•–‘•ƒ—ƒ‘”†‡‹•–‹–—…‹‘ƒŽ†ƒ“—ƒŽ
 ‘…‘•‡‰—‹ƒˆ—‰‹”ǡ‡Ž‡•„—•…ƒ”ƒ—–‹Ž‹œƒ”–‘†‘•‘•‡‹‘••—ƒ†‹•’‘•‹­ ‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘–‡”
‘’”‘Œ‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ†‡–”‘†ƒ‘”†‡Ǥ

‘‡–ƒ–‘ǡ‘…‘’”‘‡–‹‡–‘†‘‰‘˜‡”‘„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘…‘‘‘˜‹‡–‘•‹‘‹•–ƒ
‹˜‹ƒ„‹Ž‹œ‘— ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ †‘• ‘–ž˜‡‹• †‘ ‘†‘ …‘‘ Šƒ˜‹ƒ •‹†‘ ’”ƒ–‹…ƒ†ƒ ‘ ’‡”À‘†‘
‘–‘ƒ‘Ǥ ‘ ‹••‘ǡ †‹ƒ–‡ †‘ ’‡”…‡’–À˜‡Ž ˆ‘”–ƒŽ‡…‹‡–‘ †‘ ‘˜‹‡–‘ •‹‘‹•–ƒǡ ‘
descontentamento da população árabe cresceu e a política dos notáveis passou a perder
sua legitimidade.

‘”ϐ‹ǡ…‘ƒ‡…Ž‘• ‘†ƒ”‡˜‘Ž–ƒǡ–‘†ƒ•ƒ•…‘–”ƒ†‹­Ù‡•†ƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ†‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•ƒ
ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒ•‡‡š’Ž‹…‹–ƒ”ƒǤ’וͳͻ͵͹ǡƒ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ†‘•‘–ž˜‡‹•…‘‘Šƒ˜‹ƒ•‹†‘’”ƒ–‹…ƒ†ƒƒ–±
‡– ‘’‡”†‡—•—ƒ‡ϐ‹…ž…‹ƒ‡†‡‹š‘—†‡•‡”—ƒ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹†ƒ†‡’ƒ”ƒŽ—–ƒ”…‘–”ƒ‘‘˜‹‡–‘
•‹‘‹•–ƒǤƒ–‹–—†‡†‡…‘‘’‡”ƒ­ ‘…‘ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•–‘”‘—Ǧ•‡ƒ‡š…‡­ ‘‡–”‡‘•ž”ƒ„‡•
’ƒŽ‡•–‹‘•Ǥ”‡‰”ƒ’ƒ••‘—ƒ•‡”ƒ’‘•–—”ƒƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒƒ–‹„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒǤ

MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 129

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Referências Documentais

Ǧ ǤA survey of Palestineǣ’”‡’ƒ”‡†‹‡…‡„‡”
ͳͻͶͷƒ† ƒ—ƒ”›ͳͻͶ͸ˆ‘”–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‰Ž‘Ǧ‡”‹…ƒ‘‹––‡‡‘ˆ“—‹”›ǡ
ͳͻͶ͸Ǥ ‹•’‘À˜‡Ž ‡ǣ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ’ƒŽ‡•–‹‡”‡‡„‡”‡†Ǥ…‘Ȁ…”‡Ȁ‘‘•Ȁ–‘”›ͺ͵ͳǤ
Š–ŽǤ…‡••‘‡ǣ͹†‡œǤʹͲͳ͸Ǥ

ǡƒŠ†‹„†—Žȋ‡†ǤȌǤDocuments on Palestine, vol. ȋ—–‹ŽͳͻͶ͹ȌǤ ‡”—•ƒŽ‡ǣƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ

…ƒ†‡‹…‘…‹‡–›ˆ‘”–Š‡–—†›‘ˆ–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽˆˆƒ‹”•ȂǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ


   Ǥ The Covenant of the League of Nationsǡ ͳͻͳͻǤ ˜ƒŽ‘ ”‘Œ‡…–Ǥ
‹•’‘À˜‡Ž‡ǣδŠ––’ǣȀȀƒ˜ƒŽ‘ǤŽƒ™Ǥ›ƒŽ‡Ǥ‡†—ȀʹͲ–Š̴…‡–—”›ȀŽ‡ƒ‰…‘˜Ǥƒ•’ε…‡••‘‡ǣ͹†‡œǤ
ʹͲͳ͸Ǥ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ǤMandate for PalestineǤ‘—‹“—±ƒ—‘•‡‹Ž‡–ƒ—š‡„”‡•†‡Žƒ‘…‹±–±Ǥ

‡°˜‡ǡŽ‡ͳʹƒ‘ð–ͳͻʹʹǤͳʹ—‰—•–ͳͻʹʹǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›•–‡

‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǤǤͷʹͻǤǤ͵ͳͶǤͳͻʹʹǤǡͳͻʹʹƒǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ǤƒŽ‡•–‹‡”†‡”‹‘—…‹ŽǡͳͲ—‰—•–ǡͳͻʹʹǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒǦ

–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǤǤ͸͵ͻǤǤ͵͹ͺǤͳͻʹʹǤǡͳͻʹʹ„Ǥ


Ǥ ˆϔ‹…‹ƒŽ ‘—‹“—±•ǡ Ͷ͵Ȁ͵ͷǤ •”ƒ‡Ž –ƒ–‡ ”…Š‹˜‡•Ǥ 
ʹǤͲǤʹͳǤͷǡǦͷ͸͸Ȁͷǡͳͻ͵ͷǤ

  Ǥ Palestine Royal Commission Reportǡ —Ž›ǡ ͳͻ͵͹Ǥ ‹–‡†
‹‰†‘ǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘Ǥ†ǤͷͶ͹ͻǤȀʹͶȀʹ͹ͲȀͲͲͲͺǡͳͻ͵͹Ǥ

ȋ‡ƒ‰—‡‘ˆƒ–‹‘•ȌǤMinutes of the seventeenth

(extraordinary) sessionǤ‡Ž†ƒ–
‡‡˜ƒˆ”‘ —‡͵rd to 21stǡͳͻ͵Ͳǡ‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡”‡’‘”–‘ˆ
–Š‡‘‹••‹‘–‘–Š‡‘—…‹Žƒ†…‘‡–•„›–Š‡ƒ†ƒ–‘”›‘™‡”ǤȂ‹–‡†
ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǤǤ͵ͷͷǤǤͳͶ͹ǡͳͻ͵ͲǤ


Ǥƒ„‹‡–ǤPalestine: High Commissioner’s views on policy. Memorandum
„›–Š‡‡…”‡–ƒ”›‘ˆ–ƒ–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‘Ž‘‹‡•Ǥƒ”…Šǡʹ͹thǡͳͻ͵ͲǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡
‹–‡†‹‰†‘ǤȀʹͶȀʹͳͳȀͲͲͲͺǡͳͻ͵ͲƒǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥƒ„‹‡–ǤPalestine. Establishment of a Legislative Councilǣ‡‘”ƒ†—„›–Š‡

‡…”‡–ƒ”›‘ˆ–ƒ–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‘Ž‘‹‡•ǡƒ”…Š͵ͳstǡͳͻ͵͸ǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†
‹‰†‘ǤȀʹͶȀʹ͸ͳȀͲͲʹͻǡͳͻ͵͸ƒǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥƒ„‹‡–ǤPalestine:‡‘”ƒ†—’”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡‡…”‡–ƒ”›‘ˆ–ƒ–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‘Ž‘Ǧ
‹‡•ǡƒ”…Šʹͺthǡͳͻ͵ͶǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘ǤȀʹͶȀʹͶͺȀͲͲ͵ͳǡ
ͳͻ͵ͶǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ‘Ž‘‹ƒŽˆϐ‹…‡ǤMinutes of meeting between High Commissioner John Chancellor

and Hajj Amin al-HusseiniǤƒ›͸thǡͳͻʹͻǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘Ǥ
͹͵͵Ȁͳ͸͵ȀͶǦͲͲͲͳǡͳͻʹͻǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ ‘”‡‹‰ˆϐ‹…‡Ǥ‡––‡”ˆ”‘‘”†ƒ••ϔ‹‡Ž†–‘”–Š—”‡†‡”•‘ǡʹ͸–Š‡…‡„‡”ǡ

ͳͻ͵ͲǤŠ‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”…Š‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘Ǥ ͺͲͲȀʹͺʹȀʹǡ’ǤͶ͹ʹǤͳͻ͵Ͳ„Ǥ

130 MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017

 artigo

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ‡’‘”–„›‹•ƒŒ‡•–›ǯ•
‘˜‡”‡–‹–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘‘ˆ
”‡ƒ–”‹–ƒ‹ƒ†
Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Palestine
and Transjordan for the year 1935Ǥ‡…‡„‡”͵ͳǡͳͻ͵ͷǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”Ǧ
ƒ–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥƒ†ƒ–‡ǡͳͻ͵ͷǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ ‡’‘”– „› ‹• ƒŒ‡•–›ǯ•

‘˜‡”‡– ‹ –Š‡ ‹–‡† ‹‰†‘ ‘ˆ
”‡ƒ– ”‹–ƒ‹ ƒ†
Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Palestine
and Transjordan for the year 1936Ǥ‡…‡„‡”͵ͳǡͳͻ͵͸ǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒǦ
–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥƒ†ƒ–‡ǡͳͻ͵͸„Ǥ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ‡’‘”–„›‹•ƒŒ‡•–›ǯ•
‘˜‡”‡–‹–Š‡‹–‡†‹‰†‘‘ˆ
”‡ƒ–”‹–ƒ‹ƒ†
Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Palestine
and Transjordan for the year 1937Ǥ‡…‡„‡”͵ͳǡͳͻ͵͹ǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”Ǧ
ƒ–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥƒ†ƒ–‡ǡͳͻ͵͹Ǥ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴Ǥ ‡’‘”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‹••‹‘ ƒ’’‘‹–‡† „› ‹• ƒŒ‡•–›ǯ•

‘˜‡”‡– ‹ –Š‡ ‹–-
ed Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, with the approval of the Council of the
League of Nations, to determine the rights and claims of Moslems and Jews in connection
with the Western or Wailing Wall at Jerusalemǡ‡…‡„‡”ǡͳͻ͵ͲǤ––ƒ…Š‡†–‘Letter dat-
ed 23 February 1968 from the Permanent Representative of Jordan addressed to the Secre-
tary-GeneralǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥ
Ȁ͹Ͳͷ͹Ȁ††ǤͳǢȀͺͶʹ͹Ȁ††Ǥͳǡͳͻ͵Ͳ…Ǥ

 Ǥ ‹–‡† ƒ–‹‘• ‘…‹Ž‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘‹••‹‘ ˆ‘” ƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥ Note on Cur-
rency and Banking in Palestine and TransjordanǤ —Ž›ͳͺthͳͻͶͻǤȂ‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•
ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘›•–‡‘–Š‡—‡•–‹‘‘ˆƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǤȀǤʹͷȀȀͳ͹ǡͳͻͶͻǤ

‡ˆ‡”²…‹ƒ•‹„Ž‹‘‰”žϐ‹…ƒ•

ARMSTRONG, Karen. Jerusalémǣ —ƒ …‹†ƒ†‡ǡ –”²• ”‡Ž‹‰‹Ù‡•Ǥ  ‘ ƒ—Ž‘ǣ ‘’ƒŠ‹ƒ †ƒ•
Letras, 2000.

ǡ„†‡Žƒœ‹œǤArab nationalism and the Palestinians, 1850-1939Ǥ ‡”—•ƒŽ‡ǣǡ

ͳͻͻͻǤ

ǡ —ƒǤEncyclopedia of IslamǤ‡™‘”ǣ ƒ…–•‘ ‹Ž‡ǡʹͲͲͻǤ

ǡ ‹…Š‡Ž †‡Ǥ ”–‡• †‡ ˆƒœ‡”ǡ ƒ ‹˜‡­ ‘ †‘ …‘–‹†‹ƒ‘. ‡–”×’‘Ž‹•ǣ †‹–‘”ƒ ‘œ‡•ǡ
ͳͻͻͺǤ

ǡ ‘ƒ Ǥ La tierra más disputadaǣ ‡Ž •‹‘‹•‘ǡ •”ƒ‡Ž › ‡Ž …‘ϐŽ‹…–‘ †‡ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ
ƒ†”‹†ǣŽ‹ƒœƒ†‹–‘”‹ƒŽǡʹͲͲͷǤ

ǡ‹…Šƒ”†Ǥ”‹–ƒ‹ǯ•‹††Ž‡ƒ•–‡”‘Ž‹…›ǡͳͻͲͲǦͳͻ͵ͳǣ—ƒŽ––”ƒ…–‹‘•‘ˆ’‹”‡ƒ†
Europe. Histoire@Politiqueǣ ‘Ž‹–‹“—‡ǡ …—Ž–—”‡ǡ •‘…‹±–±ǡ ιͳͳǡ ƒ‹Ǧƒ‘ð– ʹͲͳͲǤ ‹•’‘À˜‡Ž
‡™™™ǤŠ‹•–‘‹”‡Ǧ’‘Ž‹–‹“—‡Ǥˆ”Ǥ…‡••‘‡͵Ͳ‘—–ǤʹͲͳͶǤ

Ǧǡ ‡œƒ Ǥ Ǥ Mandated landscapeǣ ”‹–‹•Š ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ ”—Ž‡ ‹ ƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǡ ͳͻʹͻǦͳͻͶͺǤ
„‹‰†‘ǣ‘—–Ž‡†‰‡ǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ

MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 131

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Ǧǡ –ƒƒ”Ǥ  •—”‰‹‡–‘ †‡ —ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒ Š‡„”ƒ‹…ƒ ƒ–‹˜ƒ ƒ ƒŽ‡•–‹ƒǤ ǣ
Cadernos de Cultura e Língua Hebraicaǡ Ǥ ͳǤ —„Ž‹…ƒ­ ‘ †‘ —”•‘ †‡ וǦ
”ƒ†—ƒ­ ‘ †‡
À‰—ƒ‡„”ƒ‹…ƒǡ‹–‡”ƒ–—”ƒ‡—Ž–—”ƒ —†ƒ‹…ƒ•Ȃ ȂǤ ‘ƒ—Ž‘ǡͳͻͻͺǡ’Ǥͳ͵Ǧ͵ʹǤ

ǡƒ˜‹†ǤA peace to end all peaceǣ–Š‡ˆƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡––‘ƒ’‹”‡ƒ†–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘

‘ˆ–Š‡‘†‡”‹††Ž‡ƒ•–Ǥ‡™‘”ǣ™Ž‘‘•Ȁ‡”›‘Ž–ƒ†‘’ƒ›ǡʹͲͲͳǤ

ǡ Ž„‡”–Ǥ ––‘ƒ ”‡ˆ‘” ƒ† –Š‡ ‘Ž‹–‹…• ‘ˆ ‘–ƒ„Ž‡•Ǥ ǣ ǡ Ž„‡”–Ǣ
ǡŠ‹Ž‹’Ǣǡƒ”›ȋ‡†ǤȌǤThe modern Middle EastǤ‘•‰‡Ž‡•ǣ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ
ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹ƒ”‡••ǡͳͻͻ͵ǡ’Ǥͺ͵ǦͳͲͻǤ

ǡ „†—ŽǦƒŠŠƒ„Ǥ Palestine: a modern HistoryǤ ‘†‘ǣ Š‹”† ‘”Ž† ‡–”‡ ˆ‘”
‡•‡ƒ”…Š ƒ† —„Ž‹•Š‹‰ǡ ͳͻ͹ͺ ȏ‘Ž‹‡ȐǤ ‹•’‘À˜‡Ž ‡ǣ Š––’ǣȀȀƒ”…Š‹˜‡Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ†‡–ƒ‹Ž•Ȁ
ƒŽ‡•–‹‡‘†‡”‹•–‘”›Ǥ…‡••‘‡ͺ†‡œǤʹͲͳ͸Ǥ

ǡ ƒ•Š‹†Ǥ Iron cageǣ –Š‡ •–‘”› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽ‡•–‹‹ƒ •–”—‰‰Ž‡ ˆ‘” •–ƒ–‡Š‘‘†Ǥ šˆ‘”†ǣ
‡‘”Ž†—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘•ǡʹͲͲͻǤ

"ǡ
—†”—ǤA History of Palestineǣˆ”‘–Š‡––‘ƒ…‘“—‡•––‘–Š‡ˆ‘—†‹‰‘ˆ
–Š‡–ƒ–‡‘ˆ•”ƒ‡ŽǤ”‹…‡–‘ǣ”‹…‡–‘‹˜‡”•‹–›”‡••ǡʹͲͲͺǤ

ǡƒŽ–‡”ǤA History of ZionismǤ‡™‘”ǣ‘Ž–ǡ‡‹Šƒ”–ƒ†‹•–‘ǡ…Ǥǡͳͻ͹ʹǤ


ǡƒ”‰ƒ”‡–ŠǤ‹‰Š– ‘—”‡›ȋ”ƒ„‹…ǣƒŽǦ‹•”ƒ™ƒŽǦ‹”ƒŒȌǤǣǡ —ƒǤȋ‡†ǤȌǤ
Encyclopedia of IslamǤ…›…Ž‘’‡†‹ƒ‘ˆ‘”Ž†‡Ž‹‰‹‘•Ǥ‡™‘”ǣ ƒ…–•‘ ‹Ž‡ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’Ǥ
ͷʹͺǦͻǤ

ǡ‡”ƒ”†ǤA crise do Islãǣ‰—‡””ƒ•ƒ–ƒ‡–‡””‘”’”‘ˆƒ‘Ǥ‹‘†‡ ƒ‡‹”‘ǣ ‘”‰‡ƒŠƒ”

†‹–‘”ǡʹͲͲ͵Ǥ

ǡ ”‡˜‘”Ǥ Empireǣ –Š‡ ‹•–‘”› ‘ˆ ”‹–‹•Š ’‹”‡Ǥ ƒ„Ž‡†‘Ȁ‘†‘Ȁ‡™ ‘”ǣ
ƒ”‡‰‹‡—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ǡʹͲͲͳǤ

ǡ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ ‘‰‡”Ǥ –”‘†—…–‹‘Ǥ ǣ ǡ —†‹–Š ǤǢ ǡ ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ ‘‰‡” ȋ‡†ǤȌǤ
Š‡šˆ‘”†‹•–‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡”‹–‹•Š’‹”‡Ȃ‘ŽǤǣ–Š‡–™‡–‹‡–Š…‡–—”›Ǥšˆ‘”†Ȁ‡™‘”ǣ
šˆ‘”†‹˜‡”•‹–›”‡••ǡͳͻͻͻǡ’ǤͳǦͶ͸Ǥ

ǡ‡Ž†‘ǤConfronting a Empire, constructing a nationǣ”ƒ„ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†

’‘’—Žƒ”’‘Ž‹–‹…•‹ƒ†ƒ–‡ƒŽ‡•–‹‡Ǥ‘†‘Ȁ‡™‘”ǣǤǤƒ—”‹•ǡʹͲͲ͸Ǥ

OSTROM, Ellinor. †‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ †‹˜‡”•‹–›Ǥ ”‹…‡–‘ǣ ”‹…‡–‘ ‹˜‡”•‹–›

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ǡŽƒǤA History of Modern Palestineǣ‘‡Žƒ†ǡ–™‘’‡‘’Ž‡•Ǥ‡™‘”ǣƒ„”‹†‰‡

‹˜‡”•‹–›”‡••ǡʹͲͲͶǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴̴ǤThe Rise and Fall of a Palestinian DynastyǣŠ‡—•ƒ›‹•ǡͳ͹ͲͲǦͳͻͶͺǤ‡”‡Ž‡›ǣ

‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹ƒ”‡••ǡʹͲͳͲǤ

ǡ‘–›‘ƒǤPalestine in turmoilǣ–Š‡•–”—‰‰Ž‡ˆ‘”•‘˜‡”‡‹‰–›Ǥ‘ŽǤǡͳͻ͵͵Ǧ

ͳͻ͵͸Ǥ‡™‘”ǣ‘—”‘‘ŽŽ‡‰‡”‡••ǡʹͲͳͶǤ

132 MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017

 artigo

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–‘‡„‡ŽŽ‹‘Ǥ‘†‘ǣ ”ƒƒ••ǡͳͻ͹͹Ǥ

SEGEV, Tom. ‡ ƒŽ‡•–‹‡ǡ …‘’Ž‡–‡ǣ ‡™• ƒ† ”ƒ„• —†‡” –Š‡ ”‹–‹•Š ƒ†ƒ–‡Ǥ ‡™
‘”ǣ™Ž‘‘•ǡʹͲͲͳǤ

ǡƒ”–‹ǤReshaping Palestineǣˆ”‘‘Šƒ‡†Ž‹–‘”‹–‹•Šƒ†ƒ–‡ǡͳͺ͵ͳǦͳͻʹʹǤ
‡•–’‘”–ǣ”ƒ‡‰‡”—„Ž‹•Š‡”•ǡͳͻͻͻǤ

‡š–‘”‡…‡„‹†‘‡ǣͳ͵†‡‡œ‡„”‘†‡ʹͲͳ͸
’”‘˜ƒ†‘‡ǣʹͶ†‡ƒ”­‘†‡ʹͲͳ͹

MALALA, São Paulo v. 5, n. 7, abr. 2017 133