On Verbs followed by either -ing or infinitive with to ns = Mote ee iia 10 gle) Explanations This unit focuses on problem ares, = Can't bear, hate, lke, love, prefer Like to usually refers to habitual preferences. We like to go out to lunch on Sunday. Not like to means think it wrong to, I don't like to disturb colleagues at home, f= Attempt, begin, continue, intend, plan, propose, start ‘There is no difference in meaning whether we use -ing or inf Intend, plan, and propose can be followed by that + clause, This may include should. See Grammar 16 Reporting verbs. ive with fo. ‘= Forget, remember ‘With (o both verbs refer to an obligation, Thad to phone the office but I forgot to do it. With -ing both verbs refer to past events. I don’t remember learning to walk Both can be followed by that + clause. J remembered that I had to pay the phone bill. = Ty With fo this refers to something attempted, which might fail or succeed, Tried to warn him, but i was too late With -ing this refers to making an experiment, of to a new experience. Try taking an aspirin. You'l fee! better. Have you tried windsurfing? It's great! = Goon With -Ing this refers to the continuing of an action. ‘She went on working even though it was late. With fo this refers to the continuation of a speech. The Prime Minister went on to praise the Chancellor, (This means the Prime Minister continued his speech by praising the Chancellor.) = Mean With the meaning intend, this is followed by fo. Sorry, I meant to tell you about the party With -ing, and an impersonal subject, this refers to what is involved. If we catch the early train, it will mean getting up at 6.00. ‘That + clause is possible when meaning is being explained. This means that you have to report to the police station.Nerbs with an ‘object, followed. byeither -ing or Infinitive with to GRAMMAR 19 VE! S + INFINITIVE OR ING Resret ‘With 10 this refers to the speaker’ regrets about what fs going to be said. It often occurs in formal statements ofthis kind ‘We regret to inform you that your application has been unsuccesfl ‘With ing this refers to @ regret about the past. I regret saying that to him. That + clause i aso possible. Werrgiet that we didn’t tell her earlier. Stop With to this refers to an intention. Je stopped to check the ot lve in the engine. With «ing this refers to the ending ofan activity. The baby has stopped waking up daring the might now. fe without fo, the action is complete. We watched all the cars cross the finishing line. With -ing, the action is stil in progres. 1 heard someone coming up the stars. Admit ‘This can be used with or without fo followed by -ing. ‘They admitted (to) being members of the gang. ‘That + clause is also possible. He admitted that he was wrons. Allow, forbid, permit ‘With an object and to: ‘The school forbids students to smoke in the classrooms. With an object -ing form: ‘The school does not allow smoking. Consider ‘With an object and to this refers to an opinion, ‘She is considered to be the finest pianist of her generation. ‘With -ig this means think about, At one point E considered emigrating t0 Canada. ‘With that + clause it refers to an opinion. We consider that she has behaved badly. Imagine ‘With an object and to: imagined the castle to be haunted. With -ing, an object is also possible L couldn't imagine (her) living in a place like that. With that + clause it means suppose. Timagine that you'd like a cup of tea after your long journey! 19ADVANCED LANGUAGE PRACTICE = Require With an object and to: ‘They required him to fill out a form. With -in | These letters require typing. | See Grammar 7 for needs doing. Verbs normally = Verbs marked * can also be followed by that + clause. followed by agiee ‘demand hurry pledge “swear | infinitive with to ‘appear deserve “learn spretend ‘threaten ‘arrange “expect —_long *promise ‘vow attempt fail manage refuse want ask grow neglect “resolve *wish choose hasten offer seek | dare “happen pay seem { sdecide —*hope “plan struggle = Appear, (so) happen and seem are only used impersonally with that + clause. Itappears that lve made a mistake. It so happens that he is my brother! Ut seems that Mary Is soins to win. ‘= Want can be used colloquially with -ing, and has @ similar meaning to need. The car wants cleaning. Verbs normally ‘= Verbs marked * can also be followed by that + clause. followed by -ing ‘appreciate face ‘suggest avoid “Fancy it’s no good/use contemplate fini feel like delay involve sive up “deny *mention keep on detest mind leave off dislike miss look forwacd to endure postpone put off enjoy practise can't stand escape “resent spend/waste time excuse risk Appreciate is often followed by possessive + -ing. {appreciate your trying to help. See Grammar 16 for suggest. = Involve has an impersonal subject. Being an athlete involves regular training. 120Verbs followed by infinitive without to Verbs followed by an object and to GRAMMAR 19. VERBS INFINITIVE OR Help can be used with or without to, helped George (to) carry the bags. Make, and expressions with make ‘They made me leave. We shal have to make do. In the passive, o is used. Iwas made to leave. Let and expressions with let They didn’t let me leave. Let me go! Verbs marked * can also be followed by that + clause. Inc advise, assist, bes, bribe, command, dare, employ, enable, encourage, instruct, invite, lead, “order, *persuade, select, send, *teach, “tell, rain, urge, *warn See Grammar 16 for advise persuade, tell, warn Dare can be used without to when there is no object. Compare: ‘They dared him to jump. didn't dare (to) say anything. How dare you speak like that fo met yaaADVANCED LANGUAGE 1. Undertin the word or phrase that is correct. ACTICE a) What do you mean fo.do/doing about the leaky pipes? by I never imagined the mountains to be/being so high! ©) Don’t forget to wake me/waking me before you leave. 4) | regret to tell you/telling you that we cannot accept your offer, ©) Did you manage to find/finding the book you were looking for? ) tried taking/to take that medicine you gave me but | couldn't swallow it. 8) We have postponed to tell/teling anyone the news until after Christmas. h) Have you considered to buy/buying a microwave oven? 4) Sorry I’m late, 1 had to stop to pick up/picking up the children from school. ) Margaret was slow at school, but she went on to be/being Prime Minister. 2 Complete the sentences by choosing the correct verb from the box, and putting in the appropriate form. look forward to die arrange consider. do face grow appear intend dare with what a) It's too late to buy any food. We'll have to make we've got. b) Thardly . ©) Have you ever taking a year off work? 4) 1 didn’t like the town at first, but 1 to love it eventually. ©) What do you . doing after this course has finished? f) Weare all. ‘our holiday in Australia this year. I's going to be such an adventure, 8) Jim and 1 to meet at 6.00 but he didn’t turn u nit .- that we won't need to pay so much after all. i) Tean’t wait for Saturday! I'm really to see you! D) Tean't getting up at 6.30 tomorrow morning! I'l catch a later train, ask how much it cost!GRAMMAR 19. VERBS © INFINITIVE OR -ING 3 Complete the second sentence so that thas a similar meaning tothe fst sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given you.giving, smn, MEO it ) IF take the job I'l have to move to Pars mean Taking cai .- moving to Pars 6) Parking isnot permitted here park You are 5 — here 4) ‘Shall I carry that bag for you, Pauline sald John, offered John ret beg for her. ©) Winning the football pools meant we could buy a new cat enabled Winning the football pOOIS «nn ) There isa risk that he will miss the plane if he waits. risks He . buy a new car. hhe waits, [believed you were the murderer because of this clue. led 8 TRIS C10€ sneer that you were the murderer. hh) Does using the hotel swimming pool cost extra? pay Do YOU NAVE £0 wennnnouninnnnnmimn the hotel swimming pool? 1) T think that this is the right street, appears This i " soon: the right strect J) Jean succeeded in finishing all her work on time. managed Jean — all her work on time. 123 —_.-—___._ -—ADVANCED LANGUAGE PRACTICE 124 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. 2) They stid they would like me to stay with them in Flocia, invited They HOME 06 1. use stay with them in Florida, b) Calling Jim is pointless, because his jing ‘is out of order. Ws no i because his phone is out of order. ©) Itis compulsory for all students to leave a cash deposit. required Al students svnnnnnennes WAVE a Cash epost. 4) You waste time if you copy your work out again, so don't do it, ‘copying Don't your work out agai °) I bet you wouldn't ask David to come with you to the party! if I dare .=to the party with you! £) ‘Please don’t leave me on my own,’ Martin begged us, him. Martin begged us own, If you work for this company, you have to travel a lot. involves of travel. Working for this company os }h) Joe doesn’t like it when people treat him like a child. resents Joe . mimetrmagnn . i). It was resolved that the matter would be brought up at the next meeting. bring ‘They resolved upat the next meeting, |). The police were told that the use of unnecessary force was forbidden, not like a child, ‘The police were instructed unnecessary force.GRAMMAR 19. VERBS » INFINITIVE OR <1WG ‘Complete each sentence using the verb in brackets in an appropriate form. a) Sorry, | meant ..£0..té4. Yu... (tell) I would be out, but I forgot. b) That's all for NOW. Tenneson (HOpe) hear from you soon! ©) 8 take the new job, i (ean) working alot hardest @) Ate you still tired? Or do »- (fed going out for a meal? ©) Jane is sss (ay) the most Outstanding player in the team. ) Twish you (Keep) complaining all the time! §) How... .- (suggest) that 1 would take a bribe! I've never been. so insulted! hh) We offered to help Helen carry her bags, but she sald she .. (manage) on her own, ‘Complete the text by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form, gerund (or infinitive. £8. PBemmnn (be) the finest violinist of ly twenties, When we visited her, in Yukie Hanue is considered by many (1) . her generation the music department of the University of New York, she was too busy practising (2) (talk), but she invited us (3) coffee with her in her mid-morning break, Astonishingly, she manages 4) ssssn combine) het PhD at the university with international ‘concerts and recitals, numerous public appearances and interviews, She evidently thrives on the workload, buzzing around the place with an industrious ‘enthusiasm that leaves us all breathless. Her fame as a performer means and she's still in her e (have) a (5) ssnnnnnnun (make) regular appearances at high profile events. Last month, for example, she agreed (6) . (appear) in a series of recitals organised by Coca-Cola. This involved (7) (travel) to farclung places like Seoul, Oslo and Montevideo on successive days, a schedule which ‘would have caused any normal person to wilt.‘ can’t stand (8) (do) nothing.’ she says. ‘I happen (9) (have) a pat and it would be wasteful not (10) . (exploit) it to the full’ T encouraged her (11) snus (tell) me about her upbringing, but she was rather reticent to sing her own praises, I did, however, succeed in persuading fhet (12) nenneennes (CONFESS) to a secret desite. ‘If I hadn't been a musician, f ‘would have loved to train (13) .. she says. Certainly, she would have had the discipline, but [ couldn’t imagine someone so physically frail actually (14) .. (stand) there hitting someone. But it was an interesting revelation, and one that I was (15) -sneesnnene Qearn) more about during my day with her. ular talent, (become) a martial arts expert’ 125