H ARROW SCHOOL

E D I TE D BY E D M U N D W f H O W S O N , M A
'

. .

LATE FE LLOW OF K ING S CO LLEGE C AM BR I DGE ; A SS I S TA N T MAS TE R AT HA RRO W S CHOOL

'

,
-

A N D G E OR G E T O W N SEN D W AR N ER , M A . .

LATE FE LLO W OF JE S U CO L
S LEGE , CA M B R I DG E ; A S S IS TANT MA T
-
A O W CH L
S ER AT H RR S OO

W ITH A N IN TRODU CTO RY N OTE BY TH E EA R L

S PEN CE R, K G . .

C H AI RMA N OF TH E GO V ER NORS OF H ARR O W S CH OO L

I LL U STR ATED BY

H E R BE R T M . M A R SHALL

‘
f
X ,

E D W AR D AR N O L D

L ON DON : 37 BE D F O R D S T R E E T , S T R A N D
1 898
 EDIT O RS PREFAC E
’

IN placing th is b ook bef ore th e p ub lic in general , and Harrovians in

a rtic u l ar, it may b e well t o explai n th e p rin c iple u p on wh i ch it h as
p
been c onstru cted I t h as been our obj ec t to present a series of
.

stu dies wr itten b y c omp etent a uth ori ti es on th e main asp ects of th e

s c h o ol lif e an d h i st ory
.

Proceeding on th is meth od, we h ave f oun d it p ossible to p ublish

m u ch m ateri al wh ic h is essentiall y new F or example, b y h is lab ori
.

o u s res earch es i nto th e C o u r t Rolls of H arrow M an or, M r H ewlett .

h as n ot only collected a large amo u nt of val u able inf ormati on f r om

t h e r eign of E dward II I o nwar ds, b u t h as dis cover ed traces of a
.

s ch ool at H arrow as early as th e year 1 4 7 5 . A gain, th e M as ter of

T rinity in h is h istory of th e B en ef action s, an d M r L as celles in his
.

ac c o u nt of th e ear li er H ea dmast ers, h ave s u ccee ded in cl oth i ng wit h

h u man interest wh at h as h ith ert o been little more than a mere list of
na m es . Th e arti cle b y M r C S R o un d ell will b e f o u n d to pr ovi de
. . .

a n e x h au s ti ve st u d of p u bli c sch oo l lif e d u r i ng th e F orti es ; wh il e

y
t h o s e b y Prof ess or C ou rth op e and S ir H enry C u nn i ngh am on H arrow
S ta tesmen and M en of L etters will, we f eel s ure, p osses s a spec ial
interest f or o u r r eaders, n ot only f or th e sak e of th eir di sti ngu i sh ed
a u th ors h i p , b u t also f o r th e v er remark able p ort rai t g ll f
y a er
y o

H arrovian celebriti es wh ich th ey conta in .

W e kn ow t h e magnitu de of th e task we have u n derta k en ; with

o u t th e gen erou s an d l oyal c o op er ati on of ou r vari o u s c o ntrib u tors, it
-

wo u ld have been imp o ssible . To eac h an d all we are con sci o u s of

a d eep deb t of gratit u d e, a deb t wh i c h is all th e reater wh en it is
g
rememb ered th at most of th e arti cles h ave b een wr itten in th e
intervals of very b u sy l ives .
vi H ARRO W SCH OOL
W e th ink we may leav e M r M ars hall s ill ustrati on s to speak f or
.
’

t h em selves. To H arro vian s th ey will recall well r em emb ered scen es ;

-

to th ose wh o d o n ot k now H arrow th ey will c on v ey an ad mir abl e

impression of th e s ch ool in its lif e and its s u rro u ndings ; t o all alik e
t hey will b e a mo st val u able p orti on of th e b o ok .

I t is probabl e in deed in evitabl e, th at some errors will b e di s

,

c ov ered in w h at h as b een wr itten , b u t we rely o n t h e i n d u lgen ce o f

o u r r ea ders t o pardo n th em, an d , wh ere p o s sibl e, to a ss i st u s in

c orrectin g t h em. W e have done our u tmost to make th e b ook a

work of p erman en t int erest an d val u e ; an d wit h th ese f ew pref atory
r emar k s , we v en t ure t o su b mit it t o th e j u dgmen t of th e H arrow

world .
Qu od f el i
'
z
f a us tu mqu e.sit

E . W . H owsoN .

G . TOW N SEN D W A RN E R
.
 INT RO DUC T O RY NO T E

I HA V E b een as k ed , as an ol d Harrovian wh o h as always f elt m u c h

af f ect i on f or h is ol d s c h o ol, t o in tro d u ce t hi s b oo k to its read ers .

E ven as E nglan d h erself h as n o ex act c o u nterpart in oth er

c oun tri es, s o th e sy stem of edu ca ti on an d th e c u sto ms of o ur p u bli c

sc hools are n ot f ou n d e s ew
l
here .

I f eel , th eref ore, that th ese sk etch es of sch ool lif e d uring th e presen t
cent u ry s h o u ld b e of p erman ent v al u e to th e p u bli c ; b u t t o ol d

Harrov ians, f or wh om th e work is specially mea nt, its importan ce wil l

b e f ar great er .

W e ol d Harrovi an s wh o rea d it will f in d many n ew and f resh f acts

in its pages, b oth of times b ef ore an d af ter we kn ew th e s c hool .

W e are also viv idly remin ded of p ers on s wh o were f amili ar to u s,

b ut wh o h av e l ong passed o u t of o u r lives .

W e see again b ef ore u s masters and s ch ool f ellows with wh om we

-

were inti mately ac q u ai nted, an d we f oll ow with interest an d a dmi ra

ti on th eir p u bli c ca reers .

W e rec ognise scen es wh ic h tell u s h ow, in a small er world, we

learn ed to meet respon sib ilities and to overco me dif ficu lties si milar to
th o se wh i c h we h ave h a d t o en c ou n ter in th e larger world wh er e
we hav e sin ce tak en o ur plac es .

W e can th u s recall o u r sch ool days and th e traditions whi c h

-

belonged to th em .

These traditions connect u s with th ose wh o, f amo u s in th e Ch u rch ,

in th e S ta te, in th e N avy, in th e Ar my, in th e world of L aw as in
t hat of L ett ers, or s u c cessf u l in C ommerc e, h ave lef t t h ei r mark in th e
history of th eir cou ntry .
 HARR O W SCH OOL
Wh en we wh o longer young t ur nf rom th ese c on siderations,
ar e n o

we n oti ce with pleasu re oth er th ings .

N ew advanta ges h ave been given of late years to H arrow b oys, in

th e i mprovement an d ex ten si on of ed u ca ti on , in th e b etter arr ange
ment of h o use s and s ch ool rooms, in th e devel op ment of a tast e f or
-

m u si c an d sch o ol s ongs , in a greater spac e f or games Th ese ad van

.

ta ges are v al uable They h ave kept Harr ow in that p ositi on wh i ch

.

th e H ead masters h ave s u c cessively sec u red f or it in th e wi de c omp eti

ti on wh i ch n ow ex i sts among p u bli c s c h ool s .

I tr ust th at th i s b o ok will b oth interest ol d H arrovi an s, an d al so

e n c o u rage b o s n ow at H arrow t o em u l at e t h e d ee d s o f t h i
y e r

p redecessors .

M an y of th ese af ter leaving sch o ol h ave proved, an d are still p ro v

ing, th at H arrow can pro d u ce n ot only men of c u lt u re an d l earn i ng,
b ut m en of so u n d rel igi on , of h igh ai ms an d a spi rati on s in p u bli c lif e,
men able t o lead oth ers an d to p romote th e well b ei ng an d pro sp erity
-

of th eir c o u ntr
y .

S PE N C E R
.

Ap r il 1 8 9 8 .
 C O NT E N T S

PR O L O G U E
n on

H arrow . By th e Earl of C rewe

C H A P T ER I

Th e Histor y of th e M an ors of Harr ow and l

H arrow H i l R ector y , an d h l
th e S c oo anterior

to J hn Ly
o on . By W . O H ew ett
. l

C H AP T E R II
The Origin of Gramm ar Sc hools . By th e R ev H ast ings Ras hdall
.

C H A PTE R III
J hn Lyon
o . By Per c y M Th . orn ton , MP . .

C H A P T E R IV

H arrow Sc h lBoo u il di ngs . By W . O H ew ett

. l

C H AP T E R v

Th e Hous es . By E . M . B tl u er

C H A P T E R VI

By B . P . L asc el es , l F S A Lib
. . . rar ia n in H arrow S c h loo

C H A P T E R V II

By B . H . D r ur y ,M A . . F lle ow of C aiu s C ll
o ege, C mb idg
a r e

C H AP T E R V I I I

Dr . Ge orge B utl er . By Ed m nd W u . H owson

 H ARR OW S CH OOL

C H A P TE R IX
School Lif e u n er d Dr . Ge orge B tlu er . By G eorge T ownsen dW ar n er

C H A PTE R X
Dr. Long e , l y 1 8 29 - 1 83 6 . By th e R ig t h R ev . Bi h p J
s o enn er , DD . . Former ly of

Dune din ,N Z . .

H AP T E R XI
C

Dr. Ch ris to ph er W ords worth— H arro w in th F rti By Ch l e o es . ar es S a vi l e R o und ell ,

H ea d of th e Sc h l oo and C pt a ain o f th E l en , 1 8 45 1 8 46
e ev -

H AP T E R XI I C

Dr Vaug
. h an. By S i r Ch arl es D l ympl , B n t, M P
a r e ar o e . .

C H A P T E R XI I I

Dr H . . M ontagu B tl
u er . By th e R ev J A . . . C ik h kru s an

C H AP T E R XI V

H arrow S c h l Ch p l By th
oo a e . e Rev J E . . . C . W el l don , H ead maste r of H arr ow Sc h l
oo

H A P T E R XV C

Har row Ben f cto n d Ben f

e ati n By H M nt g B tle , D D LL D Gl g w ;
rs a e ac o s . . o a u u r . . . . as o

M te f T i ity C ll eg , C mb idg ; nd f om J n y 1 8 60 t A g t 1 8 8 5
as r o r n o e a r e a r a uar o u us

H e d m te
a f H ow S h
as l r o a rr c oo

Th e S h ool E t te in H
c w By C C lb k
s a arr o . . o ec

C H A P TE R X VI

S tatesman of H arr ow Sc h l By S i
oo . r H S . . C u n n in
gh a m, K C . . I . E .

C H AP T E R XVII
Harrow M en of L tt e ers. By ‘Vill iam Jo h n Cou rth ope, CB . . Prof essor of Poetr y in
th e Univers ity f O o xf or d

C H A PT E R XVIII
Speech Day - . By B . P . Lascel es , l F S A Lib
. . . rarian in H arr ow S c h l oo

C H A P T E R XI X

Sc hool Songs and Mr . F ar mer . By E G h . ra m

a
 CO NTENTS xiii

C H A PTE R XX
C i ket
r c at Harrow . By S p en cer W . G ore

C H A PTE R XXI
Th e Eton and H arrow Matc h By th e Right H
. on. W lt a er H . L ong, M . P
.

C H AP T E R XXII
Ponson by andG im t r s on. By H on . E . Ch nd L igh, C B Q C
a os e . . . .

“R . G . a nd
“F P . .
”
By E E . . B owen

C H AP T E R XXIII
H arrow F tb ll By E
oo a . . E . B owen

C H A PTE R XXI V
Ra c k ets . By M C K mp
. . e

C H A P T E R XX V

Th e Sc hool B thi a ng- Place . By A th F r ur . H ort

C H A PTE R XXV I
Th e Intell ectual Lif e of th e S c h l By Ed m d W
oo . un . H owson

C H A PTER XXVI ]
Sc h l Lif
oo e and T rad ition . By G eorge Townsen d lV arn er

E P 1 L O G UE

On Harrow T errace . By Ed m d ‘V un . H owson

 I LLU S T RAT I O N S

/Pm r or QU E EN Em ma
’
s Om r an
'
ro J OH N LYON
Vmw r nou r un Cmmcn Ta s m an
TH E Pams a Cn mwn
v Trm LYO NB ru ss

LYON Fm Pe
'
V S AT N

TH E OL D S on oor .

LYON
’
SI N A T U
s G RE

y Tn s FOU TH F R or m Roou
v Tm: OL D H m m s r m
’
s HOU SE , ro f m Ackm a nn s
’
P ubl ic School s

H ron ST R EE T — LOOK I N G N on r n

THE OLD S ca ooxs m om r m S r rzr s .

'
s n o w r nz M ILLI N G GR O U ND

Ta n SCH OO LYAR D m u TH E Cm rs r nns

Cu m Tn onu s LO N G E L Y, D D . .
, H m mu s r nn
'
1 8 29 - 1 8 3 6, f rom a P or trait by

H a nnow IN 1 8 3 0 ,fi om '
a P ictu re by T M ackay .

Wa r EN D or r un Pa ms n CH U C R H

TH E Pm rs n C HU R CH — LOOK I N E G as r
'

Cn ms r or m I Vonns won r n , '

DD . . H m mu s r na
'
1 8 3 6- 1 8 44 , f ro m a L ithograp h by
J M am et!
. F acing 1 04

V
Cn an m Jon N VA UGH AN , D . D . H m mu s r r-
'
m 1 8 45- 1 8 59 ,f m a P or trait by George
ro

S C H OOL C HA PE L m om r m Ts a m ca .

H E NR Y M ON T AGU B U T LER , D D . .
, Hm m s r na
'
1 8 60 - 1 8 8 5 , f ro m a P or tra it by

V mw m u Gnovz H i m .

t. Ta r R m
. mn J . E. C . Wm DON , H m n
u sr
'
m 1 8 8 6,f ro m a P hotogr ap h by H il ls
a nd S a u nd ers

TH E SCH OOL Ca s p ian Paa r

— or r m N OR T H
. A IS LE
 x vi H A RR OVV SCH OOL
TH E OL D S cnoors
V I E W FR O M TH E PAR K
M AP sn owrN G TH E SCH L E OO s TA TE IN H AR now
A PA N EL IN TH E FOU T H F
R OR ! R OO M
V FA cs n n L E or A N O TE BY B YR O N IN H rs COP Y or TH E PH ARs AL rA
A C R H ER Y DR Ess WOR N A T HA RRO W,f ro m a P ictu re in the Va ugha n Library
GA T EWAY or TH E N Ew S r -u -
R oou

FAcs n n LE or TH E M UI I O or TH E Fms T V ER sE or FO T Y R YE AR s ON IN TH E

Gem
Com -
’
s M8 .

JO HN FAR H E R

FAOBI M ILE or F T Y OR YE ARs ON IN TH E Au TH OR

’
s H AN Dm rN G

v C R I CK E T A T H A R Row IN 1 772, fi om a P ictu re in the Sp eech~room

'

TH E PAe rON —e TH FOR ) ! GRO UN D

P AC T C
R I E AT TH E N ET8 —TE B E VEN I N G B E FOR E LO R D
’
s
”

LOR D s
’
: TH E E TON AN D H AR Row M A TCH
RO B ER T GR m s TON
FR -ER TCE GE OR GE B R AB A zON P ON SO N B Y, e TH EA R L or B ms noRO U GH

L . S T IL L TH E B I G Bu rl , DEEP sH ADOWE D, wA TCH TH E P LAY R ac ing 243

V mw FR O M T HE e TH FOR ) ! GROUN D

TH E F OO T B ALL FI
E D L
DUCE ER
DU OK ER CO TTA GE

U AND TH E sU N s ET 0 1.0 e H ovER ROUN D T H E l TEEp LE A N D TH E T H REE

Vw FR O M TH E TOP or P T E ER B ORO U H H LLG I

t TH E H HS IG T R EE T LOOR TN G
— S UT H
O

A BOY
’
s Room

y TB E SCH OOL TER R A CE FACI NG

— EAs T
 P RO LO G U E

H A RRO W

TH E ho ly s pi re that ta pers to th e bl ue,

Th e guardi an el ms whose ves per shad ows f a ll
—
On tu rf an d to mb , th e m any l ettered wall ,
-

Carven of hands once man f u l to pursue

Their daily toil of honest things and true,
Th e a mple sta i r, th e street , th e field, th ey a l l
With voi celess magic eloq u ence reca ll
A f ragrance of dea d day s , when lif e was new .

Yet here, mid lau ghter and th e ri ng of cheers ,

’

Immortal Boyhood k eeps his j oyou s thro ne ;

With dar ing eyes afl ame and eager ears
H e b urns f or con qu est of a wor ld u n known
0 stay thee, l one ly pilgr i m of th e years,
Here at th e heart of You th revi ve thine own .

Ha rrow ! n ot thine th e vo ws of sa i ntly Ki ng,

N or pur ple ga rded Pre late s f osteri ng prid e
’
-

Thy lowly yeoman Fou nder strove and died ,

Unwi tti ng what the won drous years wou ld bring,
Wh a t brave process i on of th y sons woul d spri ng,
To qu ell th e s tra nger f oe a nd s weep th e tid e ;
,

Or gl o w wi th pa tri ot f a i th , a n d grea tly gu ide

Our e q u a l E ngl a n d — poet s ou ls to fling
-

From ea rth to s ky their so ng s de fia nt dart,

’

A nd sc hol ars i n ward eyed yet, c hance what may,

-
:

W e s ha ll not come less hu mbly to thy shri ne,

Knowing that homes p un story ; risen thou art
From that pale dawn to this thy perf ect day ;
Ou r fli ckering lights b ut win thei r fire f rom thi ne
2 H ARR O W SCH OOL
f or we are l Conqueror s S urvey of 1 08 6, known as Domesday B ook, th at
to d in th e
’

in th e re ign o f Ki ng Ed ward th e C on f esso r Harr ow was in th e possess i on of E ar l

Lewi n or L eo f wine, wh o was th e brother of Ki ng Haro ld A t th e da te of th e .

Sur vey it h ad been restored by Ki ng William to th e See , and is retu rned as th e

l an d o f Archbishop Lanf ranc I t co n ta i ned 1 0 0 hid es , or a bou t
. ac res,

wi thou t rec k on ing its c ommon s or was te gro un ds To th e demesne, tha t is , th e .

land retai ned by th e Lord f or h is own occ upati on, belonged 3 0 hides ; a priest held
1 hid e ; three kn ights , wh o were f ree tenants , held 6 hides, an d h ad se ven tena nts
u nder th em, wh o were ca ll ed in l ater ti mes u nd ersetters ; a h u ndred a nd two vill ei n , s

or bon d tenants , held betwee n them in di f f erent pr op or ti o n s u p wa rd s of 23 hid es ;

-

a nd two c otta gers , cottars o r c o tmen , tha t is , tenan ts h o ldi ng l and s c a ll ed c ot

lands, hel d 1 3 acres These c las ses of tenants , viz th e f ree tenan ts , th e under
. .

s etters , th e c otta gers , and th e bo n d ten an ts , are al l men ti o n ed on th e C ourt R o ll s

-

o f th e m an o r f ro m th e earl i est da te, a nd are a t th e p res ent da represen ted by th e

y
f reeh old a nd c opyh old tena n ts of th e ma nor .

Th e man or i tse l f was , s peaki ng in genera l terms, c otermi nous wi th th e o l d

ar i s h o f H arro w ; an d , besid es th e a rea l o ca lly kn o wn as H arro w, c o mp ri sed th e
p
H a mlets of R oxeth , Greenhill, Wea ld (no w Harrow Weal d ), Pi nner ( i ncl uding
H atch E nd ), Su db ury, VVemb l ey, Al perton, Preston , a nd K enton ( inc lu di ng
W oxindon or U xend on ) I t c onta i ned at th e cl ose o f las t c ent ury
.
l
acr es ,

o f whi ch 1 600 were estimated to b e commons a n d was te grou n d Some of th e .

2

Hamlets , nota bly S u dbu ry, Ro xeth , an d W embley , acq u ired abou t th e f ourteenth
'

ce ntury th e name of ma n ors , b u t they were s till held o f th e s u peri or man o r o f

Harro w by services, f ea l ty and su it to th e Court Ba ron of that ma nor ; they were

,
—
thu s n ot lega l ma nors , a nd h ad n o separa te c ou rts of thei r o wn f or n o man or
c ou ld b e crea ted af ter th e s ta tu te o f 1 8 th Ed war d I A D 1 2 9 0 , ca ll ed Qu in . . .

E mp tor es , whi ch was pas sed to p ut a stop to th e prac ti ce of th e s ubin f eu d ati on o f

th e f ee s i mple, thou gh it gave liberty to all persons to ali ene thei r l and s , su bj ec t to
-

th e pro vi si on that all those wh o too k con veyances of th e f ee shou ld h o ld o f th e

c hi ef l ord .

Pri or, however, to th e year 1 240 , as is evident f rom th e E ndo wment Charter of
th e Vi carage of Harro w (a copy o f whi c h is preser ved a t Nor thwi c k Pa r k ),t h e Lo rd
o f th e man or o f H arro w h ad c rea ted a man or of th e R ec to ry o f H arro w Hill ,whi c h

was gran ted to th e R ector of th e Pari s h Chu rch and h is s ucc ess ors 3
.

A ma p of th e R ectory man or as it exi sted in 1 7 59 , whi ch is preser ved a mong

t h e Northwi c k m uniments , s ho ws that thi s man or c ompr i sed th e whol e of th e
v ill age of H ar ro w, an d ex ten ded f rom Greenhill on th e n orth to S u dbu ry o n th e

s ou th .

Ear ly, theref ore, in th e thirteenth cen tu ry , if not bef ore tha t peri od , there
e xi sted two man ors , th e l arger o ne of Harro w wi th its H aml ets , of whi ch th e
A rchbishop was th e Lord , an d th e sm aller one of Harrow Hill Re c tory , of whi c h
th e R ec tor was th e Lo rd .

Th e i mportance of thi s own ers hip of th e two manors ca n ha rdly b e over

1
C t R ll p im
ou r o s ass Ly
. E i n ,v l p 56, b tit H w th e—H ill
’
son s nv r o s o . 11 . . su . a rr o -ou - .

N th wi k m n im t ; H
3
or c wTu t N ien s a rr o rac s , O . x .
 TH E H I STO R Y OF TH E M AN OR S OF H ARR O W s

i mated
es t . pwards of 500 years th e o wn er of Harro w was th e occu pant of
For U

th e S ee of Ca nterbu ry Of th e thirty f ou r or thi rty f ive prelates wh o were A rch

.
- -

bishops of Canterbury between Lanf ra nc and Cranmer, n o l ess than twel ve were
Chancellors of Engla nd ; and th e list i ncl u des th e names of su ch men as S t A ns elm, .

S t Thomas a Becket , Card i nal S teph en Langton, Peckha m , VVinch el sey, M eph am,
.

Islip , Courtena y, A ru ndel , Chi cheley, and Warh a m For th e same peri od th e .

A rc hbis hop s R ector was th e o wner of th e s ma ller, a n d, s o to s pea k , i nner manor o f

’

Harrow Hill R ect ory ; and many of those wh o occ u pied this position were men of
n ote . William Ba mpton , or Brampton, wh o was R ector in 1 3 9 0 , was Stewa rd of
the Ar chbi s hop s hou sehold ; R o bert d e K yrkeh am, th e R ec tor in 1 47 0 , was
’

Keeper o f th e Chancery R oll s ; Cu thbert Tu nstal , th e R ector in 1 5 1 1 , was Dean of

Salisbury, and was a ppointed Bishop of London in 1 52 2, when h e resigned th e
R ec to ry . H e was a l so Mas ter of th e R o ll s, a nd was trans lated to th e Bi shopri c of
Durha m in 1 53 0 H is su c cessor,Willia m Bolton, was Prior of S t Ba rthol omew in
. .

Wes t S mithfield Willia m Warh a m, wh o su cceed ed Bo lton in 1 53 2, was Doctor o f

.

Laws a nd Ar chdea con o f Canterbu ry H e resigned in 1 53 7 , and was su cceeded by

.

R i chard Layton , D octor of La ws, Treas urer and Dean of York , and A rchdeac on of
Bu cks, wh o was one of th e Commiss ioners of King Henry VIII f or visi ting the .

monas teri es , an d wh o di ed in 1 544 Th e las t ec cl es i as tica l Re c tor was Dr R i chard

. .

Cocks,and th e las t A rchbishop ,wh o was Lo rd of th e manor of Harro w,was Thomas

Cranmer Thus th e Lords of Harrow Ma nor, f ro m th e pos iti on they occu pied,
.

h ad grea t wea l th and i nfluen ce at thei r c omma nd ; a nd to ha ve recei ved su ch high

promoti on, they mu st ha ve been men of sc holarship a nd trai ned acti vi ty of mi nd .

I t may b e reas o na bly as su m ed tha t s u ch wea l th a nd i nfl uence were exer ci se d in

f avou r of those li vi ng u nd er th ei r protecti on an d on thei r es ta tes W e are u n .

f ortu na tely not abl e to fix th e pl ace where th e Cou r ts o f th e ma n or o f Harro w

were held They mu st have been held withi n th e ambi t of th e manor its elf , whi ch
.

wo uld n ot i n c l u de th e Re c tory Ma nor ; th e C ou rt R o ll s s i mply sta te that th e

C our ts were held at Harrow, though in one i nsta nce, in th e year 1 43 5, a Cou rt
was held a t P yn nor , to s u it, n o do ubt, th e conveni ence of Ar chbi shop Chi c heley,
wh o was then res idi ng a t h is ma n or of H eggeton or H ea dstone .

Th e Re ctor res ided in th e R ectory , where th e Grove no w sta nds, to th e north

o f th e Churc h and held h is C ourts ther e
1
.

Th e Vi ca r re s ided in th e Vica rage,whi ch ( as a ppea rs f rom a copy of th e E ndow

ment Char ter a bove ref erred to ) was end o wed by Ar chbi shop Ed mu nd de A bi ngdon
d uri ng h is occu pa ncy of th e S ee, between th e yea rs 1 23 4 a nd 1 2 40 I t was on th e .

sa me s i te as th e pres ent Vi ca ra ge to th e s ou th of th e Church ; a nd th e Chur c h

House,where, in th e sixteenth century, as will b e subsequently sho wn, th e youth of

th e pa ri sh rece i ved thei r ed uca ti on, was s i tu a ted c l ose by th e Ch ur chy ard .

I n th e year 1 545 both man ors were su rrendered to th e Crown , and in th e

f ol l o wi ng year th e ma nor of H a rro w was gr a nted ou t to S ir Ed wa rd North, th e
Chancel lor of th e C our t of A ugm entations of th e Re ven ues of th e Cro wn , and his
wif e. Th e manor of th e Re ctory of H arro w Hill was gra nted to Chri st Church ,
Oxf ord, in 1 546, and alienated by that C oll ege in th e f irst year of th e reig n of
P d by th C t R ll
1
rove e ou r o s.
4 H AR R O W SCH OOL
King Edwar d VI , A D 1 547 , to S ir Edward North, reservi ng, however, th e grea t
. . .

ti thes , of whi ch th e C o l l ege, as L ay R ec tor, is o wner at th e p rese nt d ay .

Harro w, theref ore, at this time l ost two po werf ul supporters , th e Archbi shop
o f Canter bury a n d th e R ec tor ; a nd th e owners hip o f bo th man ors beca m e ves ted

in a person wh o ha d pre vi ous ly been a stran ger to th e place . Thu s th e connec ti on

of H arro w wi th th e Pr imacy of A ll E ngl an d was severed .

Th e s u bs eq uen t hi story of th e m ano rs ca n b e br iefly sta ted . I n 1 63 1 they were

so ld by th e North f a mily to Ed mu n d Ph illip s , Geor e Pi tts , and R o wl an d Pi tts ,
g
an d, su bs e uently, in th e eightee nth centu ry ca me by m arri a ge i n to th e R u sh ou t,
q
no w th e N orthwi c k , f amily .

Owing to th e ki ndn ess of Lad y Northwi c k, as al read y m enti oned , access has
been gi ven to th e Northwick m un i ments ,wi th th e res ul t that, a mong other Harro w
docu ments and papers, the Court R olls of th e manor of H arro w ( in ea rlier ti mes
ca lled H ar h or H arwe) f rom th e re ig n of Ki ng Ed war d I a n d o f th e ma n or of
g .

th e Re c tory of H arro w H il l ( an ci ently spel t H a r weh yl l ) f ro m th e reign of Ki ng

Edward III , ha ve been d i scovered and ins pected down to the begin ni ng of th e
.

seven tee nth cent ur y . These records, whi ch are wri tten in abbre viated Lati n,
comm en ce u pward s of 2 7 5 y ea rs p ri or to th e ear li es t en try in th e Pa ri s h R egi s ters

in 1 558 , an d s upply pa rti cu lars as to th e pl ace i ts el f ; as to th e method s an d

re gu l a ti ons by whi c h th e c o mm u n i ty was go vern ed ; a nd as to th e var i ous f a mili es

res ident in th e pa ri sh , a nd thei r e neral mod e o f li f e

g .

Th e Cou rt R o lls con ta i n th e proc eedi ngs o f the C ou rt Ba ron or th e Ci vil C ou rt,
a nd o f th e C ou rt Leet a nd Vi e w of Fra nk Pl edge,or Cri mi na l C o urt A t one or o ther
.

o f these C o ur ts , held a t so me pl ace wi thi n th e ma nor a n d presided o ver by th e Lo rd

or h is S teward , all q u es ti on s a f f ec ti ng th e c ommonwea l th genera lly, or be tween th e

Lord and h is tena nts,or between th e tenants themsel ves ,were presented,prosec uted ,
a nd disposed of by th e S tewa rd , o r by j ur i es el ec ted f ro m th e tenan ts .

From th e ear ly Court R oll s we l ea rn that among th e tena nts of th e manor of

Harrow were th e Pri oress of Kel eb u rne,or Kilbu rn ,th e Prior of Bentley ,th e owner of
th e m an or of Sou thall ( wh o hel d by k nigh t servi ce) , th e f a mili es of H a rwe of H a r we,
W ox indon of W oxin don ( now wri tten U xendon ), R oxh eth o f R oxh eth , VVemb l e of
'

W emb l e, Welde of I Veld e ( Wea l d ), Greenhill of Greenhill, Pynnore of Pynnore,

Kenton of Kenton, and Preston of Preston ; a mong many other names a re those
of Fynch , H orl oc k, Ed el i ne, B okeb a rd a l l of whi ch a re to b e f oun d u n der a
,

more mod er n spe lli ng in th e Pari sh R egisters d o wn to th e se venteen th centu ry ;

A tte Es tend e, A tte H a cch e, d e l a R okaill e, Bo n Jour,Fla mba rd ,Bremb re,R edyng,
a nd Bl ac k well ; while th e na m e o f Ly on occu rs on th e H a rrow C o urt R o ll s as early

as th e reign of Ki n g R i c hard II .

Th e R ector o f H arro w Hill held f reely by c harter , as in righ t of h is Chu rc h of

Harro w, a hide and a ha lf of land in the manor ; f or which, by th e c ustom of th e
ma nor , h e was not bou nd ( a s th e other tena nts were b ou nd ) to do works o f reapi ng
o r pl ou ghi n g . Each su cc es si ve R ec tor did f ea lty and su it of court,and on th e death
o f ea ch Re ctor a mon eta ry p aym ent f or a reli ef , a nd a h er i ot o f a h orse wi th a

sa ddle, bridl e, ha l ter , a nd a pa i r of boo ts wi th spu r s, b eca me d ue .H e al so pa id a

f ree re nt of eigh tpence to the Lo rd of th e m anor f or thi s hi d e and a ha l f of
 THE H I STORY OF THE M AN O RS OF H ARRO W 5

l and , whi ch
1
issu ed out of th e manor of the Rectory , and beca me extingui shed
ren t

by u nity of possess ion,when both manors ca m e i nto th e hands of S ir Edward North .

Menti on is also mad e in these R olls of th e windmill at whi ch the tenants corn ’

was grou nd, of Lez Bu ttys in R oxh eth in 1 3 9 2, a nd in 1 7 59 th e s ite of th e Bu tts

th en existing is sho wn to ha ve been on th e top of R oxeth Comm on in th e garden
of wha t is now known as th e Moa t ; 1
Harrow C ross,possibly th e Market C ross, the
s i te o f whi c h is n o t kno wn , is a l so na m ed R ef erences occ ur un der var i ous d ates .

to th e Church or Chapel of S t John th e Bapti st of Pyn nor , to the Keepers of th e .

good s of the said Ch urch, and to the Chantry of th e Blessed Mary of H arrowhyl l
a nd its property ; while m enti on is mad e in 1 3 3 4 of S ir Wari n,th e Cha plai n of th e

Blessed Mary ; in 1 3 53 of John de Kenyngton ,the Cha plai n of the Blessed Mary ; in
1 3 7 6 of Thom as , th e l ate Parish Chaplai n of H arrowe ; and of W il lia m Banas ter ,
th e Chantry Pries t in th e Chur c h of H arrowe in 1 48 8 .

Th e f o llowi ng are a f ew o f th e m os t i nteresti ng o f the entri es contai ned in

these R olls, whi ch ha ve been sel ected f rom a very large nu mber .

A. D. 133 7 .
—JOh n Le Kyng J h , o n S watman ,an d M tild
a a Le Y onge, B nd t o -
enants of th e L o rd ,

were mman ded to b e at th e next Cou rt to

co an s wer th e L d , be
or ca us e t e h yg ave h
t eir
daughters in marriage to f ree men without th e
L d li or
’
s c en c e.

A D 1 3 8 4 —A
. . d i . d d by J h L wy t J h H n yw d f m
s u r r en er s r ecor e g i o n a n o o n o e o e o a ess ua e n

Pi n , nd th n nd iti
er th t J h H
u y werd p v id
e co f J h n L won
y n d i ng a h i l if o n on e o e ro e or o e ur s e

y th y
e ver w w llo g m n t ,erd i y y
ear a n e p i f b too p i en f h ar , e an n ever ea r a a r o oo s , a a r O s oes

d pi fw
an lin n hi t Al b d h mb f d d b h l f ppl
a a r o oven e s r s . so a e c a er, oo an a us e O a es.

A.D 1 423. P tm t f th d th f J
.
-
th d
rese n g h t en f R go W h b t
e P i ea by o oan e au er o o er e e a nn er

f ll ing in ta t f Ed m l l ( H yd m ll ) wh
o a va oby th t b m th p p ty f
ro e or ro e e re e va eca e e ro er O

th L d D d d
e or as a eo an .

J h R h th w p b ing li t ning t ”
A D 1 4 25
. . . t d f-
o n mm ox E e d pp
e as resen e or e a co on av s ro e re s e o

d p ying by igh t int th

an r t f hi ighb n t th mm n o i e sec r e s o s ne ou rs o e co o n u sa n ce.

A D l 430 —J h P d
. . w fi d 6 8d b
. o n h d i t b d th C
on er ast by litig ting with
ne 8. . eca use e s ur e e ou r a

J h J ky yi g R ”
o d n ant h im an sa n a ca o .

A D l 443
. . P tm t th t J h W bb i
.
-
l p d w lling within th L d hip t th
resen en a o n e e s a e er e e or s o e

mm con i Th wh l tithing w
on mm n d d t p
u sance. id f e hi m o e l t L as co a e o r ov e or s re ova o e
”
Lo keh ouse .

A D . . l 445 .
—Presentment that this
y p fit f ll t th L d f th e p nn g f th pig ea r n o ro e o e or or a a e o e s

of th t nt i th L
e d w d nd th t th w d w g i
ena s n e ly d t ted by
or
'
s oo s ,a a e oo s ere r evou s evas a r eas on

f th timb
o h i g b f ll d f th b ilding f th C ll g f th L d H y
e er av n een e e or e u o e o e e O e or en r

Ch i h l th l t A hb i h p , t O f d
c e e, e a e rc s o a x or .
11

A. D. 1 454 —531 0 w p id by th t nt f th M as diang t t m f P l f y e en a s o e anor accor o cu s o or a re

m y (i m y to p id p lf y f th L d) th fi t d t f th L d
on e . e. on e rov e a a re or e or on e rs a ven O e or

Th m B gh h i i t th A hbi h p i f C t b y
o as ou r c er n o e rc s o r c o an er ur .

A D . . 1 462 — A d i . d d by J hn B k t Th m P ym f tt g nd l d ,
s u rr en er s recor e o ro e o o as er an o a co a ea an

un d th e diti th t h h ld p id f th id J h f h i lif f fi i nt f d ,
er con on a e s ou rov e or e sa o n or s e su c e oo

d i k , h i t , d t se ; l
r n s h mb with f f i i t fi d f l
r s an rou rs a so a c a er su c en re an ue .

A. D. 1 50 6 —J h N ttyng pr
. t d f f ing t p y th
O n u mm n fi e d t me t th
esen e or re u s o a e co o n an o co o e

V i w f F n k Pl dg , y ing t th e Chi f Pl d g , I d f y th p k ”
e O ra e e e sa o e e e e e e rec ou s nave.

1 Receiver Acc ou nt 1 553 , N ort wic Man or

’
s h k .

1
Th e C l
ol ege Of Al l S ou s , f oun e l
ic e e in 1 43 7 d d by Ch h l . Thi d s evastation may b e th e
reason f or h
th e c u rious f act t at so f e w oa s are now to be f oun k d on th e west d
si e Of Harrow .
6 H ARRO W SCH OOL
A. D . l 51 2 .
-
O din
r k h
an ce in ht
t
t a th gi
n o on e ta ll d H p pi
e ares n e s or o er en nes ca e ar es

til th f
un t f St e g ( 2
eas3 d AO p il ) . G eor e r r .

Ch i t ph A migyl l nd Ali h i wif e p

r s o er r t d f b ing th i
a ll d Poty
ce s res en e or e eves ca e

Pyk
”
ara.

P tm t th t Th m W lly P i
res en en a f S t G g y with t th w l l
o as e f C t b y,
s, r or o . re or ou e a s o an e r ur

h d atp no t d y C f h i
rese n e P i y
an t b e P i f B t
an on ol y f 20 y p st d h
r or d o r or o en e or ears as an a

tf
no d yP i tt l b t m
oun an d th
r es di i i
o ce e ra e i th Ch p l f th Bl ass an d o er v n e se rv ces n e a e o e esse

M y M gd l
ar wit i th e P i y f B tl ey f
a a en e tw y
h n d m r ort y t th f m
o en or o ea rs a n ore ,c o n rar o e or

f th f
o d ti by whi h th f
e ou n a on , id P i y d ll l d c d t m t th
e a o resa t r or an a an s an en e en s er e o

b l ngi g w g t d by th A hbi h p f C t b y b y d th tim f m m y t

e o n ere ra n e e rc s o o an er ur e on e e o e or o

th P i
e f St G g y f
r or o id , .d t th e C
re or t f th a oresa m pl i p an d o onven O e sa e ac e n u re a n

p p t l im
er e ua a s .

A D
. l 521
.
— \Vill i m C k p e
. t d f a ll wi g h o h i g th e d i
r s en e ll d L
or a o n a orse av n s eases ca e e

M gy an d L F y tan th C e mm n ass o c ross e o o .

A D 1 5 29 — P t m t th t f S t Ed m d d S t K th i with
”
. . . t i
r esen E mit gen a a cer a n r a e o . un an . a er ne

tw g d o h d b
ar i th h d
en s a f th L d feen m yy n p t
e an s O e or or an ea rs as .

A D.
. l 533 — P tm t f J h
. St d
rese n f en ti g d o t i Pyn
o n t th ro ier or ere c n a oveco e n n or o e n u san c e

f th I h b it t th
o e n a by th d t ti f th
an s er e , f hi ighb e es ru c on o e c or n o s ne o u rs .

A D 1 5 40
. .
— Ad mi i . f H n y B tt t ss on o m g w it h g e d r d h e d e t i i
o a g ess u a e a ar en a n or c ar con a n n

one ac r
e, ll d L E myt g f m ly f th w t il f th L d
ca e e r a e,
”
or er o e as e so o e or .

A D 1 550 —H
. . y B tt w p
. en r t d f e t t p pi g t h w t
e as i g f m th p d
r es en e or n o s o n e a e r r un n n ro e on

ll d St Edm d l d
ca e . on
’
s
’
on e .

Cou rt R olls of the manor of the R ec tory of Harro w Hill conta i n th e pro
Th e
ceed in s , s imilar to those rec ord ed on th e H a rr o w R o ll s , o f th e C o u r ts Ba ro n a nd
g
Cour ts Leet held at th e R ectory house,n o w k no wn as th e Grove They a lso reco rd .

pay ments to th e Lo rd by way of a legacy , or mortuary, in th e sha pe of a beas t, on

th e d ea th of a tenant, in ac corda nce wi th th e ter ms o f th e E nd owment Cha rter o f
th e Vi ca rage, gr a n te d by A rchbi s ho p Edm u nd d e A bi n gd on E ntries occu r f ro m .

ti me to t ime rela ti ng to th e Cha ntry o f th e Bl essed Vi rgi n Mary in th e Pa ri h s

Church of Harro w, f ou nded in the y ear 1 3 24 by Willi am de Bosco or Boys, th e

R ector and Lord of th e manor ; th e pa tronage of whi ch Cha ntry was so me ti me a f ter
1 3 67 ves ted in th e pari shi oners of H arro w ; and th e names of th e Cha pla i ns of thi s
1

Cha ntry, someti mes ca ll ed th e Parish Chaplain,are met wi th at i n ter vals on the
R olls ,as has been a lrea dy m enti oned Here,too,we f ind noti ces of th e Keepers a nd .

Guardia ns of th e goods o f th e Parish Chu rch of the Blessed Mary of H arwe ( tha t is
the Chu rch wa rd ens ) in 1 467 , a nd of th e Pari sh Cl erk in 1 5 26 There were houses .

withi n th e ma nor ca ll ed L e Cha ntr h ou se, L e Cross eh ou s e, L e Ch u rch eh ou se of

y
Harrow, and L e Ga tehouse ; b u t the sites of none of them , except th e Chu rch
house, have at present been ascertai ned .

Th e f ollowing are so m e of th e more i n teresti ng o f th e entri es on th e R ectory

manor C ourt R olls

A D 1384
. . .
— Prec ept to s eize th e good s of
Jo n I ntowne,a on te nant , f or t at h e aga inst th e h b d -
h
ll
wi Of th e o r e iver e L dd l d
h is s on I Vil l iam into remote a rts to earn th e i era Arts p l Lb l .

A D 1 38 6
. .
— Th e Ba il ifl ans wers f or a ors e ta en as a is tr ess f rom o n I ntown e, ecaus e h e
.
'

h k d Jh b
pl d
ac e b d
i Vil l iam h is son a on -ten an t of th e o r to S c oo wit ou t th e icence of th e o r L d h l h l L d .

1
Th e Arc hbi h p s o of C
a n ter b ypur resen te dJ h o n Harr o d s h ye
in t is ar . R eg . L ang h a m, 1 0 3 .
 THE H I STORY OF THE M AN ORS OF HARROW 7

A D . . 13 94 .
— \Vil l iam G y ra hdf
e attac e or occ u pying l d an Of th e L d by th
or e V icarage G ate ,

ll ing b t
and f or se oo s with t th l i ou e ce n c e O f th L d e or .

A D 1 456
. .
— Th m A . o as rc h p t d
er resen e an d fi d 1 2d bne . eca u s e he d i t b d th C
s ur e e o u rt wit h
th t ing w d
r ea en or s an d ying R
sa aca t hi
o ighb s ne ou rs b ef ore t h S t w d wh
e e ar en s itting

i C t n ou r .

A D 1 462 —J
. . S t y p. oan ex a ne resente d and fi n d 2d e . f or ref us ing p
to ex ose h er Al esign ca ll ed

Le Al eh oope .

A. D . 1 50 1 .
— Peter Au sten p
fin d 4d f t nding d th e wind w nd w l l
r esen ted and e . or s a un er o s a a s

f o i f hi
va r ous O t n igh t t pp i g th
s ne ighb t he
ou rs a th d iff t w d pk ,s o n ere o ar e e ren or s s o en

th , w h
er e by d i t i f
er e
e d di d h vers s r i b t w n th s ane i g hb sc or s a ve a r sen e ee e n ou rs .

A D l 5o3
. . N n e d w ll ing with in t h j
.
-
O o i d i ti e f thi C t h ll fi h in H w P nde ur s c on o s ou r s a s a rro o

d th e p in f 3 4d
un er a o s. .

A D 1 50 5
. .
— P . tm t th t th e e wr es en n t p i f B tts with in th e M n , nd precept
en a r as o a a r o u a or a

g i en t
v t h e te n n
o t n d I h b it t t a m k s ap i n a an s o a e a a r.

A D.. 1 51 7 — R b t Wy t
. ndo er th p esented d fin d f pe mitting mm pl ye
n er a o ers r an e or r co on a rs

t dia t pl y in th i h
ce o a e r ous es.

A D 1 52 1
. . R b t S wl l
.
-
Ch pl i p es ted nd fin d
o er o e, mm n d ice pl y e with two
a a n, r en a e as a co o - a r

e t
s rvan s of J h Ly n o n o .

A D 5 26
. 1 .
— Th m C l il e, th P i h Cl e k, p e t d nd fi ed f
. o as o v e l ling
ar s tt ndl r res n e a n or se co on ca es

d f
an b yi g ndl
or u d th n t k ing
ca n dl f m
es , a n y p d nd lling the
en a on e ca e ro ever ou n a se

e t r s p n
as ad , i d i t ou f th p pl fn th e L d
ec e th K i g o e eo e o or e n .

A D 1 5 59 — O d
. . . th t th Ch i f Pl dg
r er d Ca t bl ee f e y H mlet ee th t ll b y
e e es an on s a s o ver a s a a o s

b y d th g f 1 2 ye h b w d
e on e a e o w ding t th f m f th e St t te in
a rs ave o s an ar r o s accor o e or O a u

h
su c p d A d th t n m n t h ing wif
ca s e as s e . n d n w m a on t h ving a no av a e, an o o an o a a

h b d d th h ing n m t h ll m i in th P i h f th p
us an , a n ose av o f 14 d y
as er s s a re a n e ar s or e s a ce O a s

nd nigh t
a d th p in f 20 s un erd th t n m i t in
e a O p p r t 8h p
. e n in h i
an a no o e a n a or s u o s uc rso s

h l h b hi
ou se u n ess t f eq t e f ys se rvant th l t or a u ar er o a ear a e eas .

A D l 561
. .
—Th C . t bl i mm d d t h
e ons a fli ie t to k in th
e s co ill g t p ni h
an e o ave l u c n s c s e v a e o u s

vagrants .

A D 1 574
. . .
— Th e Le et Jur yp res ents as fo ll ows M oreover we th inh d V l tyn k th at R ic ar a an e

is n ot a fit man to li ve a mongst h on es t n e ighb ou rs , b h i

eca u se d k d nd t e s a ru n ar ,a no

on ly b h dly i h i w h
e aves b t ba n s o n ou se u wh er e ver h g e th t K th i
oes , s o B ll my a a er n e e a ,
b i g h i l dl dy, i mm d d t m th
e n s an a s co an e o re ove e sa id R i h d b f th
c F t f St
ar e ore e eas O .

Mi h l t d th p i f f f iti g 40
c ae n ex un er e a n o or e n 8
“A d th t Th m At
.

n y h i dait h f o h i T
as y C t t d
s cour int s c as ar as s
‘
en a our
’
ex en s o

W il l i m F ll h i d it h
a u er s c .

A D 1 5 76 — El i b th E lk yn W id w d dt m e t fh h Eli b th h m id
'

. . . za e o or ere o re ov ou o er ou se za e er a

t
s er van d M tth w S p an ,S h l m ta b f teh F t f P
ence rt t t n dc th oo as e r , e ore e eas o en e cos n ex u er e

p i f 40 a n O 8 .

A.D 1 577
.
— O d th t Al h
. k p k p hi h
r er a p
no S d y dF td y
e ou se ee er ee s ou se o en on un a s an eas a s

d i g th tim f Di i P y
ur n e e O v ne ra er .

O d th t J h Lyr er m R i h d F l ty
a o n d B igit h i I Vif f m h i d w ll ing
on re ove c ar a an ne an r s e ro s e

h b f th F t f S t M i h l t d th p i f 40
ou se e ore e eas o . c ae nex un er e a n o 8 .

A D 1 58 0
. . Ag t .
-
d d by R g L d N th ,t WVil l i m G d h i R i , f
ran r ec or e o er, or or o a erar , s ec e ver o a

IV ll ll d Wh yt w ll
e e dca p i e f l d n t i i g 20e f t e
q by
e,an d d a ece o an co a n n ee s uare an arou n

th id w ll
e sa d f t ip f l d t i i g i width 1 f t d i l gth 3 8 0 f t t m k
e ,an o a s r o an con a n n n oo an n en ee o a e

t a h f l yi g l d pip t
ren c or y w t f m th w l l t th m i h
a n a ea e f th
o con ve a er ro e e o e an s on- ou se O e

id W ill i m G
sa d ll d Fl mb da d li
erar t th caid W il l i m t
e l g th
a ar s , an cen s e o e sa a o en ar e e

w ll d t
e ant P mp H o erec th am f th e oo f l l th t e- t f th
ous e over e sa e or u se o a e enan s o e

t d w d f t h w t id
”
m an or o t th ra anP mp e c a er a e sa oo e.

A D 1 61 0
. .
— O d th t if y p
. b f
r er d d k i y Al h a an h h l l f f it d
ers on e ou n ru n n an e ou s e , e s a or e an

l t th W d
ose o f th P i h Che h f H wh il l f th tim b i g t th
ar e ns o e ar s f u rc o arro or e e e n o e u se o

th p f y h fl
'

e, oor 5 or ever s uc O en c e 8 .
8 H ARR OW SCH OO L
A D 1 61 1
. . .
— Ord er t h at n o co mmon Victu all er permit any p erson to re main to d in k in h i
r s

h ouse af ter th e h ou r of 9 Of the c ocl k af ter n oon of a ny da y, exc e t p suc h p nb

erso e a

T ravell er, u n d er th e p
ain Of 20 8 .

These entr ies f or the most part speak f or themselves Man y of the orders were .

made in conf ormi ty wi th the Statutes f rom time to time in f orce f or th e m aintenance
o f B utt s and f or tra i n ing youth in th e exercise of arc hery ,f or providi ng f or th e poor,

a nd f or regu la tin g th e l a w of settl em ent in pari sh es a nd of trad es I t is c ur i ous to .

note tha t th e appli cati on of th e word R ac a to neighbours appea rs to have been a

s peci al f orm of insu l t in Harro w ; and we shou ld ha ve liked to k n ow the reas on wh
y
fishi ng in th e H arro w pond, then pa rt of R oxeth Co mmon , was proh ibi ted .

Th e pari sh well ,en larged by William Gerard ,and over whi ch h e erected a Pu mp
House in 1 58 0 , is si tu ated at th e top of West Street, opposite to Moretons Th e .

Governors of the Sc hoo l in 1 8 47 contribu ted £25 towards th e repai r of the Pump
Hou se, whi c h was fina ll y removed in 1 8 8 0 , exac tly 3 0 0 yea rs af ter its erection,
when th e present grani te dr inki ng f oun ta i n and trough was gi ven by th e l ate
M r Hu dson
. .

Flamba rds,anciently the property of the Fl ambar d f amily ,is f requ ently menti oned
in th e Cour t R ol ls, and the m an si on hou se probably occu pied th e si te of th e house
-

n ow known as th e Par k I t remai ned in th e poss ess i on of th e Gerard f amily u ntil

.

th e middl e of l as t centu ry A t th e end of th e centu ry its own er was R ic hard Page,

.

a nd a
p i cture of th e la ke when it bel onge d to thi s f a mily is still in exi stence I t w as .

su bseq uently bought by Lord N orth wick, a nd in th e y ear 1 8 3 2 pa ss ed i n to th e os

p
sess i on of th e Phelps f amily ,by who m th e bu lk of th e es ta te, i nc l u di ng th e m an si on

hou se, was , in 1 8 8 5, sold to its present owners .

Bu t th e mos t sugges ti ve of th e entri es are th e firs t two in poi nt of date, whic h

s how that as ear ly as th e years 1 3 8 4 an d 1 3 8 6 th e goods of a bo nd tenan t were sei zed -

”
beca u se h e, agai nst the will of th e Lo rd , placed his son to schoo l in remote pa rts
to learn th e Liberal A rts wi thou t th e Lo rd s l ea ve A lthough th e of f ence com mi tted
’
.

was m erely a breac h of the l aw,whi ch o bli ged bond tenants of th e age o f f ou rteen to -

res ide wi thi n th e li mi ts of th e manor, an d a f a il ure to ob ta i n th e Lo rd s li cence to

’

rem a in outs ide those limi ts , we can read ily believe that the con du c t of th e tena nt,

in pref erri ng to send h is so n to a sc hoo l ou ts ide the pa rish, wou ld tend to aggrava te
th e importa nce o f th e o f f ence, if a Gra mmar Sch ool was in existence at H a rrow a t
this date There can b e no dou bt that Grammar Schoo ls are a mong th e most
.

an ci ent in st i tu ti on s in E ngla nd they ex i s ted f ro m th e earli es t tim es in c onnecti on

wi th Cathed ra ls, Monas teri es, Collegiate Church es or Coll eges, H ospital s, Gu ilds or
Chantr ies,or as independent instituti ons and served to provide f or th e edu ca ti on of
,

th e sons of la ndown ers, f armers , trad es men , and th e middl e c lasses general ly; I t is
diflicul t, theref ore, to beli eve tha t th e A rchbi sh ops of Ca nterbu ry did n ot, in a lar ge
and importa nt man or l ike Harrow, es ta bli sh and m a i nta i n, ei ther at thei r o wn ex

pense or with the ass ista nce of th e i nha bitants , an independent Gram ma r School
wi thou t any fixed endowment, of whi ch th e Vicar or perhaps th e Priest of th e
Chantry of th e Blessed Mary in Harrow Church wou ld b e th e Master .

This Cha ntry was , as menti oned above, f ou nded in 1 3 24 by William d e Boys,
10 H AR R OW SCHOOL
both himself (then about eight or n i ne yea rs ol d ) and h is b rother R ichard to be
sen t to Harrow to sc hoo l . Th e R ec ord s o f Ca i u s Co llege, Ca mbridge, p rove tha t
R icha rd Gerard , so n of Willia m Gera rd of H arrow ( one of th e f irst Go vernors of
Harrow School ), was ad mi tted as a Scho lar f or f our yea rs at the age of fifteen on
4th N ovember 1 567 . Th e place where th e S choo l was ca rri ed on in 1 59 6, f ou r
yea rs af ter the dea th of John Lyon, was th e Church H ouse of the pari sh Thi s .

is proved by a deed in th e poss es s i on o f th e Go vernors , dated 2 u d N ovember

1 596, by whi c h th e Governors of th e Free Gra m ma r Sc hoo l ag ree d to gra nt a
leas e to Philip Gerard of lands at Harrow, Pres ton , and Kingsbu ry, f or thi rty
o ne y ea rs f ro m th e dea th of Joan Lyon, u pon notice to be gi ven to the sa id
”
Philip Gerard at the n owe School e or Churche Hou se of th e Parish of H arrowe .

From the f ollowing entry in the Harrow manor C ourt R olls the exi stence
of the Chu rc h H ou se ca n b e trac ed ba c k to the yea r 1 47 5 , a nd its s i tu ati o n
identi fied A t a Court held f or th e manor of H arro w in M ay 1 47 5 is recorded a
.

s u rrender by A li ce Wi l li a ms to Willi a m B u n ne a nd J oa n , h is wi f e, of lands in

S udbu ry , u pon condi tion that twel ve marks b e pa id to the sa id A lice on the Feas t
of th e N a ti vi ty of S t . John th e Ba ptist next to come a t the hou se ca lled L e
Chu rch H owse,si tua te c lose bes ide th e Chu rchyard o f th e Pari sh Church of H arrow
hyl l. A nd at a Cou rt o f th e man or of th e R ectory of H arro w Hill , held on th e
6th of M ay 1 53 8 , a s urrender by J oh n Page to Ni c ho las E lkyn is record ed , on
c o ndi t i o n o f th e paymen t o f £ 1 0 wi thi n th e hou se of th e Ch u rc h ca lled th e Churc h

H ouse of Ha rrow .

Th e Churc h H ouse, theref ore , si tua te c l ose be id e th e Chu rchya rd ,an d be l o ngi ng
s

to th e A rc hbi s hops o f C anterb ury , was th e pla ce where in 1 59 6 th e G ra mmar S c hoo l

was held, a nd th e ed u cati on of th e children of the i nha bi ta nts ca rri ed on n or ca n
there b e any reas o na bl e d o u bt that th e Schoo l of th e ti me o f Q u een Ma ry wa s held
in the sa me bu ildi ng, m en ti o n of whi c h is m ade in th e Cou rt R ol ls in th e year
1 47 5 .

S uch, theref ore, is a brief a ccount of th e Harro w commun i ty as po rt rayed by

these va l ua ble R ec o rds . I n the Man ori al C ou rts , pres ided over by th e Lo rd or h i s

S teward ,the tenants of the res pecti ve manors chose their Of ficers ,and i nsisted u pon
promi nent i nhabi ta nts ta ki ng of fice ; condu cted their la wsu i ts ; regu lated thei r
trad es ; ac ted as th e Loca l ,S ani ta ry ,Poor L aw,and High way a u thori ty ; enf orced th e
Statutes rel ati ng to th e ass ize of al e, and to travellers, vaga bonds, la bourers , and
th e like ; they a l so pu t a chec k u pon u nla wf u l ga m es wi th di ce or card by th es

pun i shment of of f enders ; disc ou raged th e repetition of ill natured or sca nda l ou
-
s

goss ip or a buse of neighbours ; mad e regu lati ons f or the commons and the com
monabl e righ ts thereo n ; a nd it may well b e that in the Chu rc h H ou se o f th e Pa ri h , s

whi ch was in exis tence as ea rly as th e year 1 47 5, and was s i tuated c los e by th e
Chu rchyard , the sons of the residents in th e pa ri sh of H arrow recei ved thei r
ed uca ti on .

W 0 H a n an
. . .
 C H A PT E R II

TH E OR I G I N OF G RAM M A R SC H OOL S
To th e pop u la r mi nd th e Middle A ge is yn onymous with th e Dark Age Thi s
s .

identifica ti on u nf ortu na tely mixes u p two peri ods of E uropea n history which ough t
”
to b e sha rply dis ti ngu i s hed . There is a da rk age, i a an extremely ignoran t
. .

age, of E u ro pean his to ry , whi c h begi ns soo n a f ter th e barbar ian i nvad ers h ad f ai rly

ta ken pos sess i o n of th e Wes tern E mpi re, sa y in th e cou rse of th e se venth centu ry,
a nd ends wi th th e great re vi va l of c u l ture a nd ed u ca ti on whic h ( tho ugh it began

r a the r earli er ) ma b es t b e as so ci a ted wi th th e el eventh century A D T h e twe lf t h

y . .

ce ntury and th e thi rteenth were ages o f a sto ni shi ngly ra pid in tell ec tua l gro wth

an d develo pment ; and ,a l th ou gh in ma n y res pec ts th e l ater Midd l e A e was a peri od

g
of i ntel lec tu al dec line, there was no deca y , b u t rather a conti nu ed di f f us ion, of
or di nary ed u ca ti ona l oppo rtu ni ti es .

I t has i nd eed l ong bee n vaguely kn own that c ertain i ns ti tu ti ons f or th e p rom o
ti o n of k no wledge cal led Uni vers i ti es o we the i r origi n to th e Middl e A ges Indeed , .

in thi s matter the p opu l ar mi nd has been di s po sed to cred it the rea lly Dark A ges
wi t h mo re than thei r d u e : s i nce ou r popu l ar sc hool histori es have hardly yet ceased
gra vely to rec ord the f act that th e Uni vers i ty of Pari s was f ou nded by Charlemagne
a bo u t th e yea r 8 0 0 , a nd th e U ni vers i ty o f Ox f ord by A l f red th e Grea t a t a so m e

wha t u n certa i n d ate . Th e still extan t charter gran ted by Ki ng A rthu r to th e

Un i versity of Ca mbridge seems to ha ve made less i mp ress i on u pon traditi ona l
his to ry Even those wh o ha ve realised the f act that th e Universi ties were f ou nded
.

in th e twel f th centu ry , and ha ve been qu i te a li ve to th e i mp orta n ce an d th e

brillian cy of the great i ntell ectua l Renai ssan ce ou t of which the Uni ve rsi ty move
“
men t grew, have of ten been little in ad vance of the general read er wi th regard ”

to wh a t wou ld no w b e ca lled th e pri mary and secondary s choo l s of th e Middl e A ge s .

I t h as been su pposed tha t th e Un i vers i ti es were c reated in the Middle A ges, b u t

tha t f o r th e gramm ar sc hool s thi s cou ntry h ad t o wai t till th e enlightened d ay s of
th e R ef o rm ation and its y ou thf u l prodigy , Ki ng Ed ward VI That Uni vers ity
.

ed u ca t i o n s hou ld ha ve been s o abu nd a n t ( f or every sc hoo lboy k n o ws tha t there were

s tu dents
1
in med i e va l O xf ord ), whil e th e mod est gra mma r sc hoo l or th e s till
hu mb l e r establis hmen t f or th e tea c hi ng of the t wo R s ( Ari thmetic was still very
’

mu c h o f an ex tra ) was an u nknown l u xu ry, might, e ven a p r ior i, see m a rather

S
an e c r iti i m will
c s re d th mb t 3 0 0 0 t th t id
u ce e nu er o a e ou s e .
12 HA R R OW SCHOOL
i mp robable i p wp i p
'

t o f c ov
'
Bu t th en of c ou rse we a l l k no w tha t the Middle A ge
c rc ov.
‘

was a f unny ti me,when peopl e wou ld b e more likely than not to d o thi ngs in a way
opp os ed to co mm on sen se B ut af t er a l l it was n ot p oss ible f or people to lear n
.

”
e verythi ng a l l at once even in the Dark Ages E ven in the Dar k A ges it is
.

probable that children learned to wal k bef ore they cou ld run : and it h as al way s
been pretty generally u nd erstood that Univers ity lectures were gi ven in Latin , and
th i s Lati n wou ld ha ve to b e lea rnt , even s u ppos i ng peopl e were n ot very p arti cu lar
a bou t acc idence and sy n ta x , and even read i ng a nd wri ti ng can hard l y b e su pp osed

to ha ve c ome by natu re any more then than no w .

Oh, b ut then, I think I hear th e well i nf ormed person exc laim, of cou rse there
-

”
were the monks ! I n popu lar impressi ons of the Middle Age, th e monk s ac t as
a so rt of conven i ent D eus ex mac hi na, su pplyi ng a read y and ad e qu a te sol u ti on o f

an thi ng a bou t this my steri ou s peri od whic h see ms otherwi se u nacc ou n ta bl e

y .

N ow it is qu ite tru e th at there was a ti me when th e m onks were th e grea t

ed ucators of E urope For three or f o ur hu n dred years a f ter th e barbaria n i n roads ,
.

lear ning survi ved mai n ly in th e Benedicti ne m onas teries B u t th e monks h ad nothing
.

to d o wi th th e gro wth o f th e Uni versi ti es : the growth of th e Uni vers iti es was
directly due to th e grea t revival of learni ng and ed u ca tion am ong the secu lar clergy .

A nd a f ter th e growt h of the Un ivers i ti es th e m onks grad u ally c eas ed to teac h a ny

body b u t members of thei r own ord er I t is tr ue, as we sha ll see, that a monas tery
.

did oc cas i onally su pport the gram ma r school f or th e to wn in which it was s i tu ated ,
b u t this was probably th e l eas t nu m er ous c l ass of medi eval school s : an d even these
schoo l s were never ta u h t by mo nk s N or aga i n is there a n reas on to beli eve ( as h as
g .
y
som etim es been s u g ested ) th at boys were in a n n mb s en t to th e U n i vers i ti es f or
g y u e r

el em enta ry ed u ca ti o n Th e m edieva ls were q u eer f o lk ,n o d ou bt, b u t it is u n lik ely ,

.

t o say th e l eas t of it, tha t in a n age in whi c h more or l ess li terate pri es ts were to
b e f ou n d al l o ver th e c o untry , boys wou ld ha ve been sent on a j o u rn ey hal f way -

ac ross E uro pe,or even ( sa ) f rom No rth u mberl a n d to Oxf ord ,to l ea r n thei r A B C
y .

Th e f ac t is, tha t th e whol e of thi s theory a bou t th e d earth o f gra mmar s chool s ,
and other sc hool s still more el emen ta ry , is a mere d elu s i on Th e im mense prestige
.

that Ed ward VI h as ac qu i red as a pa tron of edu ca ti on is d ue simply to th e f act

.

that h e ref ou nded ou t of c onfisca ted c hu rc h property some s mal l percentage of th e

sc hool s whi c h h e a nd h is rap ac i ous f a th er h ad d es troy ed Th e proba bili ty is that
.

England was f ar better provided with grammar sc hool s bef ore th e R ef ormati on
tha n it h as ever bee n s i nce L et me ad d a f e w pro of s and illu stra ti ons of thi s
.

so m ewha t startli ng f ac t .

I n F itzs teph en s desc rip ti on of London, wri tten 1 1 7 4 7 9 A D , we ha ve an

’
-
. .

i nteres ting ac cou nt of th e school s of Lo ndon H e tells that there were al ready
.

”
t hree pri ncipal schools , besides those occas ionally allowed to b e opened by
pri vate persons , and deta ils are given of the c onventus of its mas ters on
f estival s, and of th e di spu tati on s and rhetori ca l exhibiti ons of th e pu pil s The
.

boys of di f f erent schools abu se each other in verse, or contend a bou t th e

pri nciples of th e ar t of grammar or th e rules of preteri tes and su pi nes !Suc h
, .

grammatica l dispu tati ons are recom mended by Joh n Lyon Sometimes it appear s .

that th e i nterest in th e proceedi ngs was stimu la ted by all owi ng th e su ccess f u l
 THE OR IGIN OF GR A M M AR SCHOOLS 13

poser to admin ister bl ows on the han d to h is bea ten opponent ] There are
others wh o ex erc i se th at anc i en t tri vi al wit in epigram s , rhyth ms , and m etres ; wi th

Fesc enn ine license, suppressing th e na mes , they f reely l ac erate, bandy gibes and
sc urr ili ti es , tou c h th e vi c es of thei r com rad es , or percha nce of thei r elders , wi th

Socrati c sa lt, or mordac iously bite with Theonine tooth in audaci ous d ith yramb ics .

I t will b e seen that headm as ters co nf erences, and verse maki ng, and speec h days
’
- -

are no t i n ven ti ons ei ther of th e New Learni ng or of th e n i neteenth centu ry Th e .

wri ter goes on to speak of th e athletics of th e London you th of th e century Th ese .

are ,no do u b t,in a mu c h m ore rudim entary s tate of d evel opm ent than thei r sc h ol as ti c

exerc ises , b u t i nc l u d e coc k figh ting on Shrove T u es day in a

-
su bur ba n place

f ootbal l in a si mil ar pl ace, a t th e sa me seas on an d s kati ng in win ter u pon

bone ska tes (sifl g zdi pedibw su is ap ta ntes s ub tal aribus m ic al lig an tea 0 am), as well
-

p
as s ect t n a i g a t th e b oa r fi g h t s -
, b u ll fi gh t s , or tou rn a m-
en ts — i n c l u di n g n a u ti ca l
tourna men ts at Eas ter — wh i ch f orm ed th e pri ncipa l am usem ents of thei r se n i ors .

A bo ut fif ty years earli er, an anony mou s wr i ter dec lar es, throu ghou t Gau l and
Germany, Norm andy a nd England, not only in towns and villages (cas tcll zs ) b u t '

even in mere haml ets ( vill a l is ) , there are to b e f ou nd m os t expert sc hoo lm as ters as
”
numerous as th e c ura tors and o f fic i al s o f th e roy al reven u es An other wri ter o f .

abou t th e sa m e peri od d ec lares tha t in f orm er tim es , and even to so m e ex ten t in

his own tim e, there was su ch a scarc ity of gra mm ari ans tha t al m ost n one cou ld
b e f oun d in towns, and ha rdly any in ci ti es ; whil e th e knowl ed ge of su ch as were
to b e f oun d was s l end er, and n ot to b e c o mpa red wi th tha t of th e wanderi ng
”
c l erkli ngs (ck r ic td i) of m odern times A t Paris , in the thirteenth centu ry, we
.

have a li st of f orty two school mas ters and twen ty one school mis tresses dul y li censed
- -

by th e chanter of th e Cathed ral Th e greatest of medieval book collectors,R ichard

.
-

o f B u ry , th e repu ted a u th or of th e P hil obiblo n, gi ves as a hi nt to his bro ther

1

c oll ec tors th e su ggesti on tha t they will d o well not to negl ect in thei r searc h f or
”
MSS th e mas ters of cou ntry schools and th e pedagogues of rude boys
. .

Such a ll us ions might b e mul tiplied to any extent Bu t now we have bef ore u s .

M r Leach s ela bora te extracts f r om th e reports dra wn by or f or th e C ommi ss i oners

’
.

a ppoi nted firs t by H enry VIII and then by Ed ward VI to co ndu c t th e su ppress i on
2
. .

o f th e c han tri es . Th ese reports really su pply us wi th almos t as f u ll an accou nt of

th e ed uca ti ona l res ou rces of th e early s i xteenth cen tu ry as th e m od ern bl u e bo oks -

wo uld b e a bl e to gi ve of th e ed u ca ti o nal hi story of th e present age M r Leach . .

provides u s with an ela borate clas s ifica ti on of th e school s Th e schools may b e .

r ou ghly graded i n to gra mm ar sc hoo l s , read i ng sch ool s ( so metim es we hear o f

wri ting sc hool s), and song schools , tho ugh, probably , there were many school s
whi c h it wou ld b e imp oss ible to as s ign d efini tely to on e c l as s or th e other Th ere .

were , no d ou bt, sc hools of every desc ripti o n , f ro m the ca thed ra l sch oo l , whi ch
ser ved as a su bs ti tu te f or th e Un i vers i ty to th e p oo res t c l as s o f c l er y , es p ec i a lly in
g
th e rem oter distri c ts ( where l ogi c if not phil osophy , wou l d b e ta u gh t as well as
,

gra mmar), down to th e parish clerk s or dame s school , where nothi ng was taugh t
’ ’

b u t rea di ng and perhaps pl a i n s ong Since boys were probably ta u ght to rea d th e
-
.

O 1 i r , as id d m t p b bl H l t
s c on s ere os ro a e, o co .

E ngl i h S h l
s t th R f n
c oo s a e tie o by A th F L h M A F S A W tmi t 1 8 9 5
na on, r ur . ea c , . . . . . es n s er ,
14 H AR R OW SCHOOL
Latin Psal ter al most f rom th e first, the disti nction be tween the elementa ry chool s

and th e hu mbl er gra mm ar sc hoo l was no t so s har p as it is in mod er n ti mes Then .

as to e nd o wmen t an d co n s ti tu ti o na l p o s i ti o n , there was a l s o a grea t var i ety o f

arra ngeme nts . There was th e ca thedral sc hool , the gra mmar sc hoo l su pported by
a monas tery , whe ther ou t o f its ge ne1 a l revenu es or ou t of a di s ti nc t f ou nda ti on

( lik e t h e s c h o o l f ou n d e d by C ar lyl e s A bbot Sam so n a t B ury S t Edm u nd s ) , o r ou t

.

o f a tru st es ta te be uea thed to it by s ome ou ts ide bene f ac tor Th ere wer e th e

q
-
.

sc h ool s attac hed to coll egi a te chu rch es , a t th e hea d o f whi c h s ta n d th e co lleges o f

\Vi11ch es ter a n d E to n , where th e sc hoo l was th e ma i n r a i on d étre of th e who l e

’
s

f o un dati o n . There were sc hool s atta ched to endo wed ho pi tals or a l m hou ses ; s s

there were sc hoo ls su pported by gu ild s ; there were i nd epend en t scho o l s, p ro vid ed
f o r by a disti nct endo wment j u t lik e ordi nary gra mma r sch oo l s o f mo re recent
s

f ou n dati on . Bu t by f ar th e co mmo nes t type of gra mm ar choo l wa th e c h o o l s s s

kept by a chan try pri est A chantry does not properly mea n a chapel , though
.

c ha ntri es were o ft en f ou nd ed in connec ti o n wi th c ha pe l s an d a l ta rs in a c h ur c h .

Th e Ca nta r ia was s i mp ly a n end o wmen t to p ro vide a p ri es t to s i ng mas s f o r th e

so u l o f its f ou nder , or o ther s pec i fied pers on . S u h endo wments were very
c

n u merou s , a nd they ca ll ed i nto ex i s ten ce in every to wn or l a rge village , a nd in

ma ny s ma ll o nes , a c las s of pri es ts wh o h ad no du ti es excep t to say thei r one da ily

mas s (a t mos t) , together wi th th e da ily rec i ta ti on of the Bre vi a ry i nc u mben t on
e very p ri est . I t was natu ra l that th e more c o mpetent o f these men h ou ld seek to s

h i
ad d to t e r s ca n t y pi tt nce
a — s o me £ 5 a y ea r was a b o ve th e m i n i mu m— b y ta ki n g
pu pil or keepi ng a school I n some cas es the keepi ng of a chool of ten in thi s
s . s —

cas e a f ree s cho o l — was pa rt o f th e f ou nder s i ntenti ons a nd p rovided f or by h is

’

will ; th e more pu bli c S pi ri ted medi eva l benef a ctor u sua lly seeki ng to c ombine so me
-

wo rk of pu bli c u sef u l ness wi th h is el a b or ate arran gemen ts f or th e per pet ua l bene fit

of h is o wn sou l .A t o ther times th e choo ls , though sta rted a s pri va te ad ven tu re
s

es ta bli sh ments , beca me in prac ti ce c on ti nu o us pu bli c i ns ti tu ti ons co nnec ted wi th

th e chu rch to whi ch th e chan try bel o nged . I n a l l ca s es , it must b e re membered ,

th e sc hoo l mas ter h ad to b e a pp roved by th e p rope r ecc les i as tica l a u th o ri ty ; in a
ca th edra l c i ty , and s o meti mes thr ou ghout th e di oces e , by th e c han ce ll or of th e

ca thed ra l c hu rc h I n s ome cases it is very possible that th e schoo l mas ters rec ei ved
.

som e s u ch i na u gu ra ti on as was c u sto ma ry in ad mi tti ng to d egrees in gra mmar a t

Oxf ord and Cambridge , when th e ca ndidate was sol emnly i nves ted wi th h is of fice by
th e tradi ti ona l rod, whi c h h e i mmedi ately proceeded to u se u po n a h rewd b oy,
s
”
pu rveyed by the bedel , open lye in the sch o lly , a f ter whi ch th e bedel recei ved
s

a gro at f o r th e bi rc h , a nd th e b oy a s imilar c o ns idera ti o n f or h ys l abo u r

”
.

Such was th e sta tu of th e a verage medieva l sc hool N ow o bser ve h ow th e

s .

R ef orma ti on told u po n thi s d uca ti onal sy te

e s m Th e monas tery sc h o o l s proba bly
.
—

n ot a very importa nt el m e en —
t were of c o urse dis esta bli shed by th e two s u pp ress i ons
of th e mon as ter i es in 1 58 6 a nd 1 53 7 3 8 This A ct was a lso, ho wever, f ata l t o th e
-
.

hospi tals Then ca me th e Chantri es A c t of Henry VIII ( 1 545 or

. . b u t th e
pro vis ions of thi s mea sure had hardly begun to ta ke ef f ect bef ore th e King s dea th ; ’

a nd th e work of pl u nder was res u med by th e Cha n tr i es A c t of Ed wa rd VI ( 1 5 47 ) .

an A c t in whose o perati on th e religi ou s gu ild s or c o nf ratem ities , a nd a l s o th e

 THE OR IGIN OF GR A MMAR SCHOOLS 15

property of all co llegiate chu rches n ot s pecially mentioned ,were i ncl u ded A lthou gh .

provision was made f or th e continuance of schoo ls, b ut only where a school f orm ed
par t of the origi na l endowment, th e A ct was in practice so admi nistered that
only a s ma ll p ropor ti on o f th e sch oo l s su ppres se d were ever ref o u nd ed I t is by .

th e ref ou ndati on of thes e sc hool s tha t Ed ward VI h as ear ned h is precar i ous ti tl e
.

as a Fa ther o f Lea m i ng— a titl e f or whic h M r Leach p r o poses to s u bst i tu te t hat of

.

”
Spoiler of Schools I n the maj ori ty of cas es ,even when th e sc hool was conti nu ed ,
.

it was granted m erely a fixed payment in li eu of its share of th e old ch antry es ta tes .

Th e va l u e o f thi s paym en t continu ed to dec rease wi th th e decreas e in the va lu e of

monev .

Th e lt, then, of the R ef ormation changes was to prod uce a grea t dearth
net resu

of sc hoo ls . This dea rth was every where f elt and compl ai ned of Latimer, f or .

i nstance, s pea ks of th e devilish drowning of youth in ignorance ,th e u tter decay of

”
the U ni vers i t i es From this time,however,the provisi on of new sch ools,or of new
.

endowmen ts f or so me sc hoo l whi ch h ad been robbed of its anc i ent reven u es , beca m e

a c ons ta nt obj ect wi th be nef ac tors anxi o us to d o s om ethi ng f or thei r town or

n eighbo ur hood .There is evidence to prove that Harrow School was in existence
as ear ly as th e re ign of Qu een M a ry and that even in ear li er and medi eva l ti mes

t h e re w o u ld h a v e bee n a h
sc o o l at s u c h a pl ac e as H arr o w— a man or a nd pec u li ar

o f th e A rc hbi s h o p o f C anter bu ry — it is imp oss ibl e to d ou bt ; b u t, wha te ver ma

y
b e the exact d egree of histori ca l c onti n u i ty between J oh n Ly on s Sc hoo l a nd its
’

medi eva l pred ecesso r, it is well to bear in mi nd th e genera l his tori ca l f ac t that,j ust
as there were brave men be f ore A am em non , so there were gra m mar sc hoo ls be f ore
g
the s i xteenth century .

Of cou rs e there ca n b e no d ou bt a bou t th e enor mou s imp ro vement whic h th e

N ew Learni ng even tu a lly ef f ected in th e m ethod and scope of grammar s choo l
ed ucat i on B u t here,as in s omu c h other history , th e breac h of con ti nu i ty bet ween
.

th e new and th e o l d was f ar l es s a bru pt tha n is co m monly su pp osed I n th e Middl e

.

A ges , as in la ter ti mes , boys were ta u ght to c on stru e th e c l as s i cs , a nd to imi tate

them both in prose and verse A certa i n c hantry endowmen t,f o r i nsta nc e,p rovides
.

that th e b oy ho ldi ng it sha ll go to th e Uni vers i ty as soon as h e is abl e to read and

sin g,and to compose twenty f our verses on th e sa me su bj ec t in o ne d a T h e ea r li es t
y
-
.

readi ng boo k was probably th e Psa l ter, th e next Ca to , i a a c o llect i on of mo ral

-
. .

aphori s ms by Di o nys i us C a to,still rec om men ded in J ohn Ly o n s Obser va tio ns

’
r the
f o

O der ing o
r
f t he S chool Th en ca me O vid o r Vi rgil very muc h as no w
. T h e p r i
. n c ip al
“ ” ”
Latin classics were ne ver either los t or bu ri ed , or even al together f orgotten ,
t hou gh n o d ou b t af ter th e twel f th cen tury one hears l ess of the prose wri ters than -

o f th e p oets .I t was th e i nsti nct f or u nd erstandi ng a nd apprec i a ti ng them that

was no t yet born ,j u st as people s tu di ed hi story f or cent ur i es wi thou t di sco veri ng
”
t h e mea n i ng of his torica l cri ti c ism .Th e grea tes t def ect of th e medi e val sy stem ,
s o f ar as ex terna l organi sa ti o n goes , is tha t b oy s did not sti c k to thei r c l as s i cs l o ng

e n ou h A t tw e l ve or f ou rtee n they wen t to th e Uni vers i ti es to begi n th e Lat i n

g .

A ri stot l e an d to dis pu te in syllogi sms ; a nd nob ody tou c hed th e c l ass i c s aga in
u n less h e beca me a s ch oo l mas ter Th e ref orm of c las s i ca l edu cati o n was al rea dy
.

begun when William of Wykeh am insi sted that h is scholars at Winches ter shou ld
16 H AR R O W SCHOOL
s ta y athool till they were sixteen I t is a mista ke, again, to su ppose that in
sc .

the Middl e A ges the stu dy of gra mmar was negl ected The a verage m edi eva l .

pri est coul d wri te Latin mu ch more correc tly than the a verage m odern passman .

U t in med i eval Latin a l way s takes th e su bj u nct i ve, tho ugh th e i nf eri or or l ater
medi eva l wr i ters may show more want of sensiti venes s to the nicer uses of tha t
i nteres ti ng mood Only th e medieva l sc hoolmas ter h ad to choose bet ween th e
.

too ela bora te works of th e great c las s i ca l gramm ari ans ,Don atus and P risc ianu s ,and
th e wretched rhym ed doggerel of th e thi r teenth century f r iar , A l exander de Vill a -

De i .I t was in Magda len Co llege Sc hoo l tha t A lexand er was first su ppl an ted by
th e improved gra mmars of Stan bridge of N ew Co ll ege, th e head mas ter, and
VVhittington of Magd al en , th e us her of tha t first home of the R enais sance
f oun ded ,i t will b e remem bered ,by Willi a m Wayn f l ete,th e hea dmas ter s u ccess i vely o f
Winches ter and Eton and the first of our grea t headmas ter Bi shops I t is to these .

f o rgotten worthies tha t we o we th e begi nn i ngs o f that ref orm ed gram mar teac hi ng
whi ch C o k e a nd Lily , bo th Magdal en men, i ntro du ced in to the more f a m ou s sc hoo l
at Pa u l s l Th e teachi ng of Greek is of cou rse th e greates t i nno vati on in th e
’
.

grammar sc hoo l of the s ixteen th centu ry By Lyon s rul es no Greek book is .

’

rea d except in th e two highes t Form s Th e evo lu ti on of th e modern grammar

.

sch ool ou t of the medie val was f ar m ore grad u a l than is comm o nly s u pposed .

An other pop u lar prej u d i ce a bo u t th e medi eva l sc hoo l is that owi ng to th e scarc i ty
of tex ts th e boy s h ad no book s , b u t were compell ed to li s ten to pu re ly o ral ins tru c

ti on and tak e no tes T h e m i l h lb y , dou bt, had perha ps not as h is

ed e
. va sc oo o n o —
very o wn , b u t cer t i ly
a n t h e use o f — a c o py of his tex t I t is tru e there were no
.

di c ti onari es, and in lie u of them , m uch la ter than th e f ou ndati on of H arrow, th e
”
mas ter adopted the exce llent m ethod of li terally rea ding th e lec ture, i a cons tru . .

ing th e l esson to th e boys and m a ki ng them d o th e sa me af t er hi m I n th e .

little woodcu ts which th e early pri nters prefixed to their black letter grammars , -

th e boo k in th e ha nds o f th e boys is as i n varia ble as th e bi rc h in th e han d of th e

mas ter .

I t may perhaps b e j u st w orth noti ci ng th e first f a i n t trace o f th e m oni tori a l

y
s ste m ,
”
whi c h w e ca n co n n ec t w i th m ed i e va l t im es —a ver y di f f erent s y s tem tru ly
f rom that which h as p erha ps grown ou t of it A very i nteres ti ng sermon h as com e
.

down to us , which was preached by th e f amou s R obert de Sorbonne to th e students

of th e ill u s tri ou s c oll ege whi c h h e h ad f ou nded in th e middl e of th e thi rteenth
cen tur y Th e grea ter part of it c onsi s ts in an e la borate para llel between th e
.

Universi ty examinations at Paris (exami nati ons ,by th e way,are a di sti nctly medieval
in venti on) and the las t Ju dgment, i ntended to emphas ise the i nd efini tely greater
severi ty of th e l atter o rdea l I n th e cou rse of it,th e preacher is constrai ned to d well
.

wi th pa theti c earnes tnes s u pon th e d uti es of pas tors H e ill ustrates it by th e u sages
.

o f th e grammar sc hoo l I f ,a t th e wee kly i ns pec ti on by th e head mas ter on Sa tu rdays ,

.

it is f ou nd tha t th e b oy s d o not k now thei r less o ns , an d that this is d ue to th e

f au lt of th e p a r vi uag istr i, th e hea dmas ter (mag mw M ag is ter ) proceeds to bea t
r

”
n o t m erely th e boy s ( f or co ntribu tory negligence, we ma
y s u ppose , b u t a l so th e
)
1 W l y , wh b g lif
o se o h dm t f M gd l C ll ge S h l w t p f t
e an e as ea as er o a a en o e c oo , ro e a r e ac e o

Lil y Synt xi
’
s a s .
 C H A P T E R III

J O H N L Y ON

A AREFUL consideration of th e words, de novo efig ere, in the Harrow Schoo l

C

Cha rter granted by Queen Eliza beth, wou ld ha ve dou btless l ed class ical scholars
o f f ormer peri o ds to beli eve tha t an anc i ent school m us t ha ve been in exi stence

bef ore the recognised f oundati on date of 1 57 1 An d yet this ol d ed ucati ona l
.

es tabl is hmen t, whi c h J ohn Ly on seems to have des i red to re e s ta blish , was no t

even su s pec ted bef ore Dr . B utl er, th e present Master of Tri nity, about thir teen
years ago , encouraged M r Edward Scott, keeper of the manuscripts at the
.

Bri tish Museu m , to search and ca talogue the school ti tle deeds and other -

arc hi ves , th rust a way as these i nteres ti ng docu m en ts were f rom sight in that
”
very tomb of a ll th e Ca pu lets known as the Mun iment Chest Thi s is .

stra nge, f or it is obvi ous th at th e word s de novo cou ld ha ve only been su perf l u ous,

had not some old er ins titution exis ted which John Ly on was endea vour i ng to
revi ve as par t of what has a lways been c on s idered th e a bo ve nam ed f oundati on o f
-

1 57 1 7 2 -
.

happened, at the same m oment that this revi val of interest in th e pas t of
It
Ha rrow Schoo l commenced at Dr Butler s i nsta nce, tha t th e history of Ca i u s
.
’

College, Ca mbridge, was also bei ng su bj ected to scrutiny under th e guidance of

M r John Venn, wh o co mmuni ca ted to th e Pres ident of tha t C oll ege, th e R ev
. .

B H Drury ,the f ac t that several entri es of scholars f rom Harrow h ad been f ound
. .

in th e coll ege regi sters anterior to th e time when, in 1 5 7 1 7 2 , John Ly on f ou nd ed

-

Harrow School For instance, th e f ollowing excerpt was commu nicated to M r

. .

Edward Scott and his coadj u tors worki ng together a t th e Bri tish Museum
Gerarde R i c hard , son of ‘Vill ia m Gerard , Gent of Harro w Middl esex Sch ool ,
Harrow, f our years, age 1 5, ad mitted scho lar li tt grat N ov 4, 1 567 thi s entry
. . .

being made f our years p revi ous to th e granting of the Harrow Charter by Queen

Evidence of this charac ter had hardly become known to th e searchers, when the
Re v W H R oper comm un ica ted to them a f amily letter of th e ea rly seventeenth
. . .

centu ry , whi c h related cer tai n reco llec ti ons of one M r G R o per , wh o told h o w
. .

Q ueen Mary had bef riended his f amily Th e writer s f ather had been keeper of
.
’

E nfiel d Chase, Hyde Par k , and Marylebone Fores t, b u t died l ea vi ng a widow and
s ix children un p rovided f or Th e wri ter therein descr ibed h ow Qu een Mary
.
Tm: Lv ox B u ss .
 JOHN LYON 19

ca me into our h ouse within a little of my f ather s dea th and fiou nd my Mother ’ '

weepi ng, and took h er by th e hand an d li f ted h er u p — f or sh e n eel ed — a nd bad h er

b ee of good cheer , f or h er ch ildren s houl d b e wel l provided f or A f terward my .

brother R an d I being th e two eldes t were sent to Harrow to School , a nd were

.

there till we were a lm ost men S ir R a lph Sadl er took order f or al l things f or u s
.

”
there by Queen Mary s a ppointm ent so l ong as sh e li ved
’ 1
.

I t wi l l b e obser ved tha t H arro w Sc hool is here spo ken of as a no ta bl e p lace of

e duc ati on , mu c h as it might b e casu al ly m enti oned now, whi l e th e i nsti tu ti on

e xisti ng in 1 557 was certa i nly not a corpora te sc hoo l of th e type whi ch bec ame
f a mous in th e reigns of Eliza beth and Ed ward VI .

Our rea d ers will not b e un prepared f or th e conc lus i on tha t th e deca yi ng ed u
c a tional li f e whi c h Lyon s ucc ou red was of eccl es iastic a l origi n , beca us e not on ly

were th e cl ergy ma in ly res pons ibl e f or tra i ning th e minds of th e you ng in cou ntry
pa rishes bef ore th e R ef ormati on, b ut at H arro w th e Archbi shop of Ca nterbury had
”
a l oca l pos i ti on in a d i st ri ct termed pecu liar, and was oft en a visitor I t .

wou ld b e tra velling bey on d th e su bj ect ma tter of this c hapter to narra te in az tama
-

th e hi stori cal memor i es c li nging to thes e associati on s, whi ch , startn f rom th e

c on secra ti on of S t Mary s Church by A rc hbi sh op An se lm in 1 0 9 4 , a f f ord glimpses
’
.

o f th e rea t Th om as a Bec ket a t two c ruc i a l peri od s of h is li f e , firs t, wh en as a

g
-

o u th , du r i ng 1 1 42, h e vi si te d A rc hbi s hop Th eo ba ld at h is Harrow ho me ; and

y
a f t erward s, bef ore pro ceedi ng to martyrdom at Ca nter bur y in 1 1 7 0 , h e him se lf

recei ved th e A bbot of S t A lban s in tha t sa me retrea t

. .

B ut a knowl edge of th e archiepi sc opa l connecti on wi th Charles II s V i sible .

’

C h urch on H arro w Hi l l is nec essa ry , if we wou ld rea li se h ow thoro ughly th e

e d u ca ti on of th e pl ac e m ust ha ve been ti nged wi th cl eri ca l tradi ti ons bef o re th e

R e f ormati on ca m e Nor is it un worthy of remark tha t Queen Mary wou ld sca rcely
.

h a v e chosen a sc hoo l f or h er you thf u l proteges u n der other a u spi ces For even a t
’
.

t h e m om ent when th e you ng R o pers were thus pro vided f or, th e character of th e
e d u c a ti on at H arrow mu st ha ve been dependent f or its ecc l es i as ti ca l co l o u r u pon

i n d i vidu a l bi as , such as th e a bove nam ed roya l patro nage, i nas m uch as A rc hbi sho p
-

C ra n m er in 1 545 had par te d wi th h is man ori a l ri ghts there to the C ro wn 2

.

Th e need of some su ch ef f ort as John Ly on mad e to sus ta i n and ref orm th e

e x i s t i ng sc hoo l was a t thi s per i od i nd eed a pp aren t .

I t is no w time to tell what s ort of man it was tha t u nder took thi s grea t
c u e ra tive tas k , and consecrated thereto al l h is energi es , and d evo ted all hi s
p
wo r l d ly goods to th e sa m e p u r pose Th e p ortra i t of J o hn Ly on that has been
.

r e se n ted to m ost li vi ng Harrovians is that of a res pect a bl e y eoma n , wh o had

p
ra is e d himsel f j ust a bo ve th e peasant c las s, trad i ti on a verri ng that h e too k tolls

f r o m pas sers by a t a l ocal medi ci na l well M r Ed ward S cott s resea rches am ongst ’
-
. .

t h e a rchives at on ce bl ew a ll these theori es to th e wi nd s, and th e Fou n der of

H a r r o w Schoo l stood revea led as a la ndown er of cons idera bl e extent in Middl esex
with p ro perty in Bedf ords hi re, H ertf ord shire , and Essex, th e whol e of which h e
1 F th e wh l e f th i i t e ting l tte , H wS h l nd i g ,W H All n ,
'
or o o s n er s e r d it S
s ee a r ro c oo a n s u rr ou n s . . e

1 8 8 5 , p 38 4
. .

3 L eons’s Envir ons

y of London , vol . 11. p . 57 5 .
20 H AR R OW SCHOOL
lef t to th e Keepers and Governors of th e new ed uca tiona l institu ti on, whenever
h e and h is wi f e Joan shou ld die .

Dur ing th e intermed iate peri od su cceeding 1 57 1 7 2 , Lyon p ro vided ed u cati on -

f or thi rty poor sc hol ars at H arrow, ha vi ng a lso in h is r ul es and regula ti ons d is
tin ctly enj oin ed that strangers of th e c harac ter of Q u een Ma ry s a bove nam ed
’
-

pensi oners , or even youths of better posi ti on and means , shou ld find their positi on
in th e idea l es tablishment h e ho ped to c rea te .

I t is certa i n tha t thi s resu l t was n ot arri ved at wi thou t th e ad vi ce and con
niva nce of a coteri e o f abl e a nd cel ebra te d men wh o li ved in th e neighbourhood ,a nd

wh o a re k n own to ha ve consorted more or l es s together .

The i n id e n ce of D r C a i n s — res id ent a t R u i li — f ou ndi ng th e Ca mbri d ge

co c . s
p
Coll ege wh ic h bea rs h is name, a nd bei ng a neighbo ur of John Lyon of Preston,
would not attract so much attention, b u t f or th e connect ion which exi sted between
these two i ns ti tu ti ons d uri ng th e ea r ly stages of their hi s tory .

A ga in , John Ly on s grea tes t ally see ms to ha ve been S ir Gilbert Gerard,

’

Queen Eliza beth s A ttom ey Genera l , wh o h ad skilf u lly and su ccess f ully def ended
’
-

h er aga i nst di vers ene mi es d uri ng th e reign of that s i ster qu een , Mary , wherei n
h er lif e was in conti nu a l peril .

Th e Gera rds of Fla mbard s , wh ose mans i on was s i tu a ted at th e Par k, occu pi ed
th e m ost im porta nt po si ti on in Ha rro w, af t er A rc hbis hop Cra nmer h ad a bdi ca ted
h is man oria l ri ghts , and conveyed th em to a n a bsen tee ; a n d as S ir Gilbert was j oin t
Treas u rer of Gray s In wi th S ir Ni chol as Bacon,wh o wrote th e ru les f or S t A lbans
’
.

Grammar Schoo l in 1 559 , greater i nteres t than otherwi se wou ld b e f elt centres
aroun d th e f ac t that these regu l a ti on s , promul ga ted by th e Lor d Keeper, wer e

a lm os t iden tica l in ma ny res pec ts wi th thos e mad e by J ohn Ly on when f oun di ng

anew th e sc hoo l on Ha rrow Hill Indeed , th e i nf erence is not overstra ined tha t
.

as su m es both S ir Gilbert Gera rd and J ohn Ly on to ha ve c ommu n i ca ted o n th e

matter wi th S ir Ni c holas Bacon .

There is a passage in Lo ve s Labour s Los t whi ch has l ed some thinkers to believe

’ ’

that Sha k es pea re was n ot ignoran t of these ed u ca ti ona l c han ges at H arrow He .

ma kes Ar mado, in Lo ve s Labou r s Los t, Act v Scene 1 , as k th e school mas ter,

’ ’
.

H ol of ernes
D y
o t ed
ou n o te y
u ca th t th
ou h g h
a th t p f th m
e c ar e- t i ?
ou se on e o o e oun a n

a nd to thi s H ol of ernes repli es

O m
r , t
on sh hei l l .

More than one Sha kespea rian expert to whom th e passage h as been su bmi tted
a l l ows its proba bl e re levance on th e grou n d tha t Shakes pea re was ignorant of th e

departmen t of France, viz Navarre, wherein th e scene was laid, and cou ld not
.

”
ha ve meant to in di ca te any other school upon the hill in England b u t Ha rrow,
as t ha t was th e one wi th whi c h h e was m ost proba bly acq ua i n ted .

Dr Ca ins , it will b e rem embered , is one of th e d r ama tis per sonae of the M m
.

Bu t we pas s f ro m th e re gi on of pro ba ble to that of abso lu te

th e f act , whi ch
f ortun ately s ta nds revea e ld to us by th e school archives at H arro w .
 JOHN LYON 21

John Lyon was fif ty seven years of age in 1 57 1 7 2 when th e char ter was granted,
- -

and h ad li ved at th e ha mlet of Preston all h is li f e on l an d whi ch ca m e i n to his f a m ily

as ear ly as 1 3 9 3 , su ch p roper ty being ad ded to f rom tim e to time by p urc has e or

bequ est The brass in Harrow church does not show that h e ever had a son, b ut
.

the record in th e pa ris h register of th e bu ria l of a chi ld na m ed Zacha ry Lyon on

1 1 th M ay 1 58 3 , l ed to th e b eli ef tha t th e entry rel ates to th e Fou n der s hei r
’
.

Th at this is not so,a lette r in th e Pu bli c Re cord Of fice of S ir Gilber t Gerard s ’

to a certa i n M r Joh n pro ves

. . It is therei n urged that John Lyon s hou ld not
b e call ed on to pay £50 on loan to the Clerk of th e Signet f or State needs ,
beca use his property was invested in la nds which were intended to b e bestowed f or
th e ere ction of a sch oo l at H arrow, and he h ad n ot th e ready m oney which his
l oca l posi ti on warranted . S ir Gilber t ad ded tha t Lyon des ign ed this pu bli c bene
f ac ti on becau se h e was child less an d as thi s l etter was i ndi ted in 1 5 7 9 , Zach ary

Lyon, wh o died three years af te r wards , cou ld not have been th e Founder s son ’
.

H e was poss ibly a child of relati ves wh o were li vin g in th e neighbourhood .

I t is clear f rom thi s letter that John Lyon stra i ned h is resources to co mpas s th e
obj ect of h is li f e, and a lso that h e was a personage of mark ed importa nce in th e

neighbour hood where h e res ided . This th e sc hool archi ves endorse, by showing
that in 1 562 h e headed th e renta l li st of H ar row pa ri sh ,and that eighteen years
l ate r h e figur ed as ba ilif f and pari sh of ficer (P r ep os itue et B edell ue) ; while, m ost
important of all , duri ng th e complicati ons wi th Spai n and the L ow Countri es in
1 567 , Lyon was chosen as co llector of loca l su bs idi es f or support of th e nati ona l
def ences .

I t shou ld a l ways b e remembered that an i nterregnu m of thi rty six years occu rred
-

between th e granting of th e Ro yal Charter in 1 57 1 7 2 and th e death of Joan, wi f e

-

o f th e Foun der , in 1 60 8 , af te r whi ch tim e th e ol d sch ool house was di rected to b e

bu ilt Lyon h i mself h ad passed away in 1 59 2 , b ut the i nco me of h is property re

.

mained in h is wi f e s possess i on until h er death ; and beyond that of th e ma i ntenance

’

o f thir ty poor scholars , any cu rre nt expenses w o u ld seem to have bee n borne by th e

sa me vol unta ry contrib ut i ons whi ch h ad k ept together th e anci ent ch urch sch ool ,

wh ich dou btless had its hab i tati on in th e Church H ouse m enti oned in th e schoo l

There ism ention of the place where the sc hool was held in 1 596 in a re
versionar
y l ease, dated 2n d November in th at year and agreed to, granted by th e

Go vernors to Ph ilip Gerard of Gray s Inn, u pon notice to b e given at th e n owe

’

”
Sc h oo l or Church Hou se of th e pari sh of H arrowe .

A nd ,indee d,this may b e read together wi th Norden s record wr itten a f ew years

’

ea rl ier and bef ore Jo hn Lyon s dea th There is a schoole at Harrow, as yet no
’
.

f ree sc hoole, b ut i nten ded, whereu nto one John Ly on ha th gi ven to b e empl oyde
af t er his dem ae £3 0 0 , and £3 0 per annu m f or a m
”
aster and £1 0 f or an u sher .

I n al l these ma tters we are incli ned to believe tha t S ir Gilbert Gerard mus t
h a ve been a moving agent, j ust as h e doubtless had been th e mediu m , in th e
c a paci ty of Attorney General , through who m th e Ro yal Charter ca m e to b e
1 2 —
g r an te d to Harrow Schoo l in 1 57 7 a pri vil ege not conf erred lightly in Tudor
-
22 H A R R OW SCHOOL
I f it is desi red to know what th e ad vanta ges of possess i ng suc h an i mprima tur
may be in our own day, th e decided di ctu m of Parl i amentary experts m u st s uf fice
tha t th e ed uca ti on cla uses brought f or ward du ri ng 1 8 96 to c ontro l secon dary
sc h oo ls , cou ld not ha ve exerc i sed s u ch po wer over ei ther roya l f ou nda ti o ns or

roya l cha rters, to a broga te ei ther of wh i c h a s pec ia l Bill , suc h as tha t k no wn as

th e Pu bli c School s A c t 1 8 68 , wou ld beco m e necessary .

N ot th e l eas t sa ti sf ac tory res u lt of l ater resear ch i nto Harrow hi story has been
th e di sc los ing of certa in pers ona l c ha ra cteri s t ics of our Foun der . W e have sp oken
of th e sacri fices Joh n Lyon had mad e to end o w th e s c hoo l , an d we no w l ik e to

c ontemp l a te th e p erso na l i nteres t h e to ok in th e sus te nance of Harrow ed uca ti on .

A glimpse of his ha bi t of riding to H a rro w f ro m Preston is gi ven in a l eas e grante d

in Marc h 1 57 2 by th e Foun der to H ugh Ff elys kyrk, shoema ker, in whi ch pro vis i on
was mad e f or resu mp ti on of th e hou se if req u i re d f or a d welling house o r lodg ing
-

f or a schoo lmas ter ,and a lso f or stabl e and hou se roo m f or h is h orse ,whenever h e or
-

his wi f e shoul d ha ve oc cas ion to co me to Harro w v illa ge on ho rsebac k .

I t is imposs ible to d o m ore in these pa ges than gi ve a general sen se of th e d ebt

whi c h o l d H arrovia ns o we to their presc i ent Fou nder, whose m em o ry has been
ren dered c l earer, and seen in a n ad eq ua tely histori c pe rs pec ti ve thr o u gh th e ef f orts

of Dr Bu tler and M r Ed wa rd Sc ott, c o mm en ced in 1 8 8 4

. . . The H arrow Sc hool
orders , s tatu tes , a nd ru l es shou ld b e read by thems el ves ; b u t it beco m es necessar y

to state here th e a vo wed obj ect of the Founder , when devoti ng h is f ree gra mmar
sc hoo l f or boys, to th e s pec ia l exc l u s i o n, b e it noted , of th e f ema le sex .

Lyon, du ri ng h is lif eti me, u sed to give twenty marks of la wf ul money of

”
England annua lly f or th e thirty poor children of th e town of Harrow Ta ken .

with th e words on h is brass , wh i ch co nn ect th e f ou nda ti on wi th th e re li ef of th e

poor and of so me poor scholars in th e Uni vers i ti es, there is li ttle dou bt tha t th e
onc e cu s tomar ha bi t of a ppre nti c in g a certai n n u mber of H arrow c hildren to
y
trades was an admira bl e mea ns of carry i ng ou t th e spi ri t o f th e Fou nd er s wishes
’
.

As the town speo pl e ha ve l os t these pri vileges throu gh c hanges of ha bi ts su c h as

are com mon to mod ern li f e, th e i nsti tu ti on of a l o wer sc hoo l of John Lyon,wherei n

local tradesmen and others can ed uca te their children, seems b u t f air towards those
whom Joh n Lyon des ired so grea tly to benefit .

There is not an unna tural des ire to learn th e extent and val ue of the la nds
whi ch Ly on demised in per petu i ty f or th e carrying ou t of th ese p urposes , only
cha rgi ng th e Governors wi th th e necess i ty of devotin g a cons idera bl e port i on of

th e f u nds towards keepi ng th e road to London in order, a proviso whic h has l ed

to m oney bei ng ex pended on th e Pad di ngto n pro perty wh ic h n ow goes to th e
rep ai r of Edgware R oa d a nd O xf ord S tree t . This sacri fice probably as s isted th e
sch oo l to bec ome bet ter k nown, as it is ce rta i n tha t i n dif f eren t comm u n i cati on wi th

th e m etro po lis did re ta rd th e no rthern su bu rbs f or a considera bl e peri od On the

.

other h and , Harrow can never bec o m e th e ri c h edu ca ti o na l i nsti tu ti on whi c h a f u ll

enj oym ent of th e Founder s pr operty woul d ha ve ma d e her Why Lyon p u t thi s
’
.

c ondi ti on concerni ng th e roads into his testa ment is explained by Norden a ,

contemporary of h is , in th e P a r a Sp ea d i B r ita n niae , 1 59 3 , p

-
. 11 Af ter sa yi ng
.

o f th e stretch of cou ntry towards th e Lond on R oa d between H a rro w and Peri va le,
 JOHN LYON 23

tha t th e h m M M an which wai teth f or th e f r ui ts of his labours ca nnot b ut

”
l p his hands f or j
c a
y
o , Norden adds :
Yet doth not this soyle so f rui tf u l
yeel d

comf ort to th e wa f a irin m n i th e win ter t im e, by reason of th e cl aiesh na ture

y g a n
”
of soyl e, a descripti on which even a m od ern winter res ident in thi s par t of -

Middl esex might appre c iate Indeed, according to Walf ord s Greater Lond on, it
.
’

too k a waggoner a da to dri ve his team f rom Harrow to th e m etropoli s early in

y
th e present century .

A digression u pon th e question of the roa ds is nece ssary , when endeavouri ng to

make an esti mate of the benef actions l efl: by the H arrow Founder, which amounted
to £1 7 9 : in 1 59 0 The mo ney was distr ibuted as f ollows
.

Rents of Harrow
Al perton
Preston (inc l u ding £20 f or Pad dington)

£1 7 9 6 8

This income in money of our own times is abou t equi va lent to and,as only

th e £20 derived f rom Pad di ngton cou ld b e dra wn u pon f or th e London road s, at
least £2000 a year m ust have been at the di sposa l of th e Keepers and Governors
of that da te, whi ch i nc l u ded S ir Gilbert Gerard, his brother Willi am , a nd M r .

John Page of Wembley This compu tation is taken f rom the Harrow Par ish
.

R ecords, a source lik ely to b e trus tworth y, and was issu ed o n th e res ponsibility of
th e churc hwardens in l 8 3 3 .

Of course th e su ccess of H arro w as a plac e of lear ni ng h as depen ded m ore u pon

th e i nserti on of the so ca ll ed f oreigner clause i nto Lyon s ru l es an d regul ati ons
’
-

than any other circu mstance, and we theref ore gi ve th e extrac t in en ema here
The Schoo lmas ter may recei ve over and a bove the you th of th e i nhabi tants
wi th i n this Pa ri sh so many Foreigners, as th e whole may b e well taught and
a ppli ed an d th e pl ace ca n conveni ently contain, and of these Fore igners h e ma
y
”
ta ke su ch st ipen d and wages as h e ca n get .

A f oreseei ng and wi se provi si on, i nto th e devel opment of which it will b e f or

others to d eal in su cceedi ng pa ges ,b u t whi ch ca n on ly recei ve pass i ng m en ti on here .

We are consc ious that these irritiatory pages must of necess i ty contai n matter
which, antiqu arian in character, will f ail to compete in i nteres t wi th deta ils of
events nea rer to or connected wi th ou r own ti mes B ut we appea l to Harrovi ans .

of all a es not to f orget what is d ue to th e Fou nder s m emory I un f o rtuna te ly

’

g t .

h appened th a t th e Tercentenary of Harrow s e xi stence as a rec ognised edu cati ona l

’

i ns titu tion was held bef ore anything definite ca me to light a bou t John Lyon,
except tha t h e h ad devoted his l anded pro per ty to f oun di ng a grammar schoo l

there fi ne it is that th e la te M r C E Long condu cted some i nteres ting resear c hes
. . . .

in to th e Founder s pedigree, which b e com municated to th e H a rrow Gazette in

’

1 8 61 ; the researches in q ues ti on showing a s trong probability tha t S ir Joh n Ly on,

Lord Mayor of Lo ndon in 1 554, was first cou sin of Joh n Lyon of H eston, b u t
1Thi mp t ti n ppe t me
s co u a o a i arsI t i m h high e th n th t d pted by M
o so excess ve . s uc r a a a o r .

‘V O H ewlett in Ch p IV
. . nd w
a ld i e th
. . t of th e ld sc h ol t
a ou ra s e £8 0 00 —E nn
e c os o o s o ov r . .
24 H AR R OW SCHOOL
without the assista nce of the deed s c ontained in th e schoo l chest that whi ch is
now practi ca lly as sured co u ld on ly b e ma tt er f or m ere su rmi se .

Th e f am ou s gatherin g at Harro w in 1 8 7 1 was th eref ore one of f a ithf ul H ar

r ovians f ull of patri otic enthusiasm, b u t devoted to th e worship of a shado wy
memory in that of John Lyon Des irous , theref ore , of now emphas isi ng th e rea l
.

f ac ts to al l H arrovians pas t and presen t, we woul d say, do not ref r ai n , ei ther bef ore
ou l ea ve th e sch oo l or af ter , f r om ma ki ng a pil ri m age to Pres ton, and on th e
y g
high groun d above John Lyon s house, sti l l standing as of yore, look u pon th e
’

bea utif ul hill ou tline which mus t have been f amiliar to John and Joan Lyon them
-

sel ves , and ma h a ve fired him to ac compli sh th e grea t purpose of h is li f e R etur n

y .

thence a long th e b ank of th e Bren t, pas t th e f ar m of U xend on, th e si te of a f ormer

hou se wherein An thony Ba bington was taken pri soner f or his conspiracy agai nst
Queen El izabeth in 1 58 6, together wi th Bel amy th e f r iend and neighbour of John
Lyon It is poss ible tha t th e visitor, interested by these h i storica l memori es and
.

a ttrac ted by th e tr u ly E ngl is h cha rac ter of th e scenery , whi l e rea li si ng which f ew
(
Harrovians did thirty year s ago) that th e Fou nder lived and di ed in these pleasant
surr ou ndi ngs c l ose to th e sc hoo l h e re crea ted , ma b e l ed to f orgi ve th e length to
y
-

whi ch thi s chapter has extended , or even , some time hence, essay to rea d it a
secon d tim e .

Ps acr M TH OR NTON
. .
 C H AP T E R IV

HA RR OW S CH OOL B UI LD IN G S
IN a preced ing ch apter the early hi story of th e manors of Harrow and Harrow Hill
R ectory has been traced , a nd so me accou nt has been gi ven of th e s oc ial li f e of th e
inha bita nts du ri ng th e ownersh ip of th e Archbi sh ops of Canterbu ry and their
R ectors, down to the c l ose of th e s ixteenth centu ry In th e pres ent ch apter
.

it is proposed to dea l with th e steps tak en by ou r Fo und er to secure th e c ontinu ed

e xi ste n ce and f uture m anagem ent of th e Gramma r Sch oo l in a bu ildi ng to b e
erect ed at his own cost , and to trace its s u bse quent h i story ; to en u m erate th e

addi ti ons to our Sc hoo l Bu ildi n gs , to noti ce th e co nnect i on whi c h e xi s ted between

th e Sc hoo l a nd th e Pari sh Church , and to a llu de to some o f th e entri es in th e

Govem ors Minu te and Acc ou nt book s whic h bear u pon genera l matters of i nterest,
’

and ha ve speci al ref erence to Sc hool Bu ildi ngs .

Al thou gh th e grea t i n creas e in bu ildi ng which has tak en pl ace on and aroun d
our Hill d ur i ng th e l ast sixty y ears has d one muc h to sp oil th e na tu ra l beau ty and

p i ct u res qu e char ac ter of H arr ow, it still reta i ns many po i nts of a ttrac t i on . B ut

th e appearance which Harrow presented in th e time of John Lyon , an d duri ng th e

se ven te en th and eighteenth centu r i es , m u st have been f a r m ore a ttrac ti ve and

beau tif u l Si tua ted abou t twelve miles f rom th e City of London, th e village was
.

a pproach ed through a n a venu e of trees, commenc i ng near th e firs t mil es ton e, an d

end i ng a t th e gre en o ppos i te th e Ki ng s H ea d ; i nd eed , one of su ch trees is sho wn

’

in a pi cture dated in 1 7 96 ; a nd th e Re m B H Drury, th e pres ent Sen i or Fell ow o f

. .

Ca ius Col lege, Ca mbridge, has s ta ted tha t h e recollects th e las t f ew trees of this
e bei ng cu t down in his early y ou th . Th e ma p of 1 7 59 , to wh ic h a llu si on
h as al rea dy been made, shows tha t on al l s ides of th e Hill th e roa ds were f ringed
with stri ps of was te ground On th e western s ide of th e Hill no hou ses seem to ha ve
.

been in ex istence ; the whole of th e l arge tract now bou nded by Ro xeth Hill on th e
sou th , th e Lower R o xeth Ro ad o n th e wes t, by W es t St ree t, C rown S treet, an d

Byron Hill on th e north,and by th e London Roa d on th e eas t, f ormed , wi th the

exce ti on of so m e enc l os u res , R ox eth C o mmon T h e vi ll age Bu tts were pla ce d a t
p .

th e c orner of th e Comm on, whi c h f a ced th e Lon d on R oad and R oxeth Hill , a t th e
top of Ro xeth Hill across th e London R oa d s tood th e turnpike ga te Ha rrow po nd
,

was on th e Comm on, an d th ere were sma ller p onds j u st be low th e H ermi ta ge, a t
26 H A R R OW SCHOOL
th e f oot ofWest Stree t and on th e s i te now occu pi ed by M r Enshell s house On
1
.
’
.

th e eas t s ide of th e Lo ndon R oa d were th e H ermi ta ge, on th e s ite of a n a n cient

H ermi tage dedicated to S t Edmu nd and S t Ka therine, and the l arge pro perty
.
2
.

known as Fl ambards I n th e village i tself , and do wn what is now known as West

.

Street,were a f ew houses and shops extendi ng as f ar as th e School ,a bove which was

th e Vi ca rage On th e su mmit stoo d th e Chu rch, th e Chu rch H ouse, an d Church
.

ya rd, wi th th e magni ficent and extensi ve vi ew it still possesses ; and a m ong other
m ore dis tant obj ects cou ld be seen, on th e west the Church of S t John at Pinner, .

TH E 808 0 0 1.

on th e nor t h
Pri ory of Bentley, bu ilt in honou r of S t Mary Magda lene, and
th e .

belonging f rom a ti me anteri or to legal mem ory to th e Pri ory of S t Gregory , .

Canterbu ry , and to th e east th e H a mlets of Kenton and Pres ton, the home of the
3

Lyon f amily To the north of the Church was th e R ec tory (now Th e Grove),
.

wi th its garden, l ong ca lled th e H a ngi ng Gard en , ly ing between th e Upper a nd

Lower Church roads, on part of whic h stood a f ew shops .

Do wn to th e commencement of th e present century, Ha rrow c ou ld on ly boas t of

one Sc hool Bu ildi ng Springing f rom n o R oyal Fou nda tion, end owed by none of
.

th e illus tri ous Archbi shops and Prima tes of Al l E ngland , wh o o wned f rom Sa xon
ti mes till th e R ef ormation th e pari sh withi n whi ch s he was pla ced , our Free

1 1 8 98 .
3
C ou rt Rol l
s Harrow M an or, L . D. 1 529 .
3
I bid . A. D. 1 51 2
.
 H AR R OW SCHOOL BUILDINGS 27

G rammar Sch ool has on ly pos essed a corporate ex i stence si nce the yea r 1 57 1 , and
h as only enj oyed possess i on of h er moderate endowment a nd th e i ncome deri ved
theref ro m si nce 1 60 8 .

Th e R oy al Charter of Incorpo ra ti on of the K ee pers and Go vern ors of th e

pos sess ions, revenues , and goods of th e Free Gra mmar School of Jol m Lyon, was
ra nted on th e 1 9 th of Febru ary 1 57 1 , b u t it was not u n til th e y ear 1 5 7 5 tha t
g
Joh n Lyon surrendered th e la nds held by him by copy of Cour t R oll of th e manors
o f Harro w an d of the R ec tory of H arrow H il l ( wi th whi c h and other p roperty

e lsewhere h e i nten ded to en d ow th e sc hoo l ), f or a re ra nt to hi mse l f and J oa n h is

g
wif e, and th e heirs of his body , and in def a u l t of su ch heirs to th e Keepers an d
G overnors of th e Schoo l .

John Lyon, who was , it is believed , born about the year 1 5 1 4, and wh o first
b ecame a tenant of lan ds in H arro w o n the Hi l l in 1 564 , di ed in Octo ber 1 59 2 , a nd
- - -

b y his Orders and Statu tes f or th e governance of th e Sc hoo l , whi ch are dated th e
1 8 th Jan ua ry 1 59 1 , and were m ad e by him in pu rsuance of th e power f or tha t
p u r pose conf erred by th e Charter of 1 57 1 ,gave the f ollo wi ng d irections wi th rega rd
to the emot ion of th e Schoo lhouse

h
And w ereas 1, th e said o n J h Ly on , d o pu npom
-
by l b ld p
th e ea ve of God to u i u on some part

l
of my a n d s ing wit in th e sai town of Harrow u on th e—
ly h d p - -
ll ll
H i as we meet an d con
h l h b
ven ient rooms f or t h e sa id S c oo mas ter an d Us er to in h a it an d d l l l
we l in , as a so a arge
and con ven ient S c oo h l h h
H ouse wit a c imne in ity . l C ll d
An d a so a e a r un er th e sai d
h l
rooms or S c oo H ouse to l a y in woo d l h h dC l h l d dd
an d coa s , w ic sai el ar s al be ivi e in to
h l
t ree severa rooms , th e on e f or th e M d
as ter , th e sec on h h d
f or th e Us er , and t h e t ir f or
hl
th e S c o ars . M y ll
fu d l h h d h l
min an d wil is , t at if s u c sai rooms , S c oo H ou se, an d
C l h ll
el ars s a n ot b e mad e and b ld d
ui e l h
in my if etime, t en th e s u m of Th h d d r ee u n re

p d
oun s of la wf ul mone y l d
of Eng an l d k
to be evie an d ta en of th e rents of th e ands l
conveye d d
an d ass u re , an d h ereafie r to b e co n ve e yd d
an d ass u re dK p
to th e sai ee e rs and

G p h y
overn ors f or th e s ace of t ree ears n ext af ter th ed d J h Ly
ec ea ses of me , th e sa i o n on ,

an d of t h e sa i dJ oan , my 1 Vif s , or so mu c h d
of th e sai Th h d p d
s u m of r ee u n r ed ou n s , as

by dth e isc retion of t h e sa idK p ee e rs an dG h h h

overn ors s all b e t oug t meet an d convenient ,

h ll
s a pl y d b d p b ld k
be em o e an d estowe u on th e u i in g an d ma ing of th e sai rooms , S c oo d h l
H ouse, and Cl h
e l ars , anyt ing af oresai d y h d
to th e contrar n otwit stan ing .dd Provi e ,
hl
n evert e ess , t at h d d h y
u ring th e sai y ly y
t r ee ears th e ear p a m en t of thy k
e tw en t m a r s of
l h y h
l a wf ul Eng is mon e whic I , th e sai dJ Ly h
oh n d
on , a ve u se to give and pa y f or th e
h h yp
t eac in g of t ir t ld
oor c h i ren of th e said Par is h h l d
of H arr ow s al b e c ontin u e p d an d ai

b y the sai dK p ee e rs and G overnors u nti l h suc time as th e said b ld ui fi h

in gs b e n is ed an d
d h lM
t h e sai S c oo h pl d h h d pl
as ter an d Us er ac e , w ic sai h lM
ac ing of th e S c oo as te r an d

h
U s er 1 woul dh ave to b e d on e as soon as co n venientl y may be af ter th e finis h inge of th e
sa i d b ld
ui i ngs , and th e same to b e fi hd h
n is e bl p d
wit al l r eas ona e and c on venient s ee ;
h
a n d if t er e b e any over pl d h y
us of th e sa i b d
t r ee ears rents , es i es th e sai d Th h d d r ee u n re

p d
o u n s and th e sai d tw enty k m ar s , m
y md in a n ll h
d w i is t at h
s u c pl h ll l
o ve r us s a a so b e

d p
b e s towe u on th e sai d b ld
ui by d
ings , if th e is cretion of th e sai dK p G
ee ers a n d overnors

hl h h
it s a l so be t oug t meet and con venient And if th e sai
. d b ld ui h
in gs , or an y of t em,
sh a ll b l fi h h d
be egun in my if etime a nd n ot n is ed , t en my min an d wil is t at on l h ly so

h
m u c of th e said su m of Th h d d p d
r ee u n re l
ou n s as wil r eas on a bly ly
an d c on venient ser ve

fi h
f o r th e nis ing of all th e sai d b ld ui hl b d h p
ings s a l be est owe t ereu on . h
An d f orasmu c
a s it h as pl d l h y
eas e fi
A mig t God of H is great and in n ite merc as wel to y l bl h
ess me wit

l d
t h e an s and p d l
os sess ion s af or esai , as a so to as s is t me wit h G
H is rac e f or to as s u re an d
p h d p fi h
d is p ose th e same to th e u s es an d u r pos es erein mention e and s ec i ed , w er ein l ave h
28 H AR R OW SCHOOL
on ly ht th d n m nt d etting f th f th gl y f G d , d th g d mpl
soug e a va ce e an s or o e or o o an e oo exa e,

b fit d f th
en e , n
a f g d Ch i ti
ur eran ce o p pl I d th f oo i th m
r s f G d,
an eo e, o er e ore, n e na e o o

t ightly h g
s ra d c q i
ar l l t
e anh id K re p d
u re a G wh i h w b
e sa t y ee ers a n ov ern ors c no e or a an

tim h e ft h ll b
er ea er s t h y wil l a we, as bf Gd d e L dJ Ch i t t H i
an s er e or e o an o ur or es us r s a s

co mi g, t bn f l n d f ith f l i th j t
o e ca re u a d t a d i p iti , d i g
u n e ti us an ru e s os on or er n , ex ecu on ,

an d p f m er or f ll d ing l
an c e o th th i g h
a an i m tis d b l ngi g t th i
u ar e n s ere n en on e e o n o e r

ch g ; dt
ar e an d p id th t th wh l p fit
o se e an rov f th e id l d th y
a ly t ,
e o e ro s o e sa an s, e ear ren s

all fi , d
nes th an m m d it i
o w h t
er co th fo i y wi
es i ing m i
a s oever
g b ereo n an se ar s or co n , e

wh lly mpl y d
o e db t w dt
o e and f th es o i te t , d p p
e o an h i m ti d
or e u ses , n n s an ur os e s ere n en on e

an d d l d in th b t d m t b fi i l wi th t m y b t th i kill d k wl dg
ec a re e es an os ene c a se a a e o e r s an no e e.

A d if
n y pl an b th
over
, m t usb f
e ly k pt i n
e sa t k t w ed o y h
e g
sa e e s oc o ar s n ec essar c ar es ,

an d p t th ar f t b gi ereo d b t w d f
o e h lp nd li f f p m i g , d th
ven an es o e or e a re e o oor ar r a es an o er

s uch g d nd h it bl p p , within th id P i h f H w t th di ti f
oo a c ar a e ur oses e sa ar s o ar r o a e s c re on o

th id K p
e sa d G
ee ers an overn ors.

Fro m these Sta tutes , theref ore, we learn that no School H ous e had been erected
in 1 59 1 , and tha t J ohn Lyon d uri ng h is li f e pa id f or th e y early schooling of thirty
poor children of th e pa ri sh .

Th e Go vernors A ccou n t boo ks pro ve that th e erect i on of th e Sc hool H ou s e

’

was n ot commen ced u ntil 1 60 8 Pri or to its erec tion, as has al rea dy been sta ted ,
.

th e Gra mmar Sc hoo l was ca rri ed on in th e Church H ouse s i tu a ted c lose by th e

Chu rchyard ; whi ch was in existence in the year 1 47 5, and belonged to the Arch
bishops when Lords of th e man or of Harro w .

Th e mai ntenance of a Gra m mar Sch oo l cou ld n ot, f r om a pecu n iary poi nt of
vi ew, ha ve been a m atter of m o m en t, so l ong as th e Archbi shop s of C a nte rbury ,

wh o possessed both i nfl u ence an d wea lth , a nd thei r Re ctors were Lord s of th e

manors of Harrow and of th e Re ctory of Harro w Hill ; b u t when th e own ership of
both manors was un i ted in one person, wh o was a stranger to th e place, when th e
powerf u l patronage of the Pri mates of Al l Englan d was removed ,when th e R ectory
was no l onger held by an Ecc les ias ti c res ident in th e plac e, b u t by an Oxf ord
College, the f ortu nes of th e Sc hool mu st ha ve been seri ous ly a f f ec ted .

A s has a lready been menti oned , th e ma n ors were su rrendered to th e C rown in

.

December 1 545, and were granted ou t by th e Crown in th e f o ll owing year A t th e .

very tim e when thi s c ha nge of o wn ers hip took pl ac e , th e Chan tri es A ct o f Ki ng

Henry V III was pas sed , to b e f ollowed , af ter h is death in Janu ary 1 547 , by a
.

f urther and m ore sweepi ng A ct of Ki ng Ed ward V I Th e eff ect of these .

A cts u p on th e Sc hool s of England h as been f u ll y dea l t wi th by M r Lea ch in his .

work on E ng lis h S chool s a t the Ref or ma tion , 1 546 48 H e h as sh o wn that, -

.

cou pl ed wi th th e A c t f or th e di sso lu ti on of th e la rger M onas ter i es , they signed th e

d ea th warrant of ma ny Gra m mar Sc hoo ls in Engla nd ; tha t m any were depri ved
-

of part or of th e whol e of their origi nal endowm ents ; so me were s wept a way
enti rely ; others were ref ou n de d wi th new en dowments .

A new state of thi ngs wi th regard to S chool s genera lly ha d , theref ore, been
crea te d and u n certa in ty as to th e f u ture of th e unen dowed a nd i ndependent Gra m mar

School , which exi sted at Harro w in th e reign of Queen M ary, mus t ha ve been f elt,
even th ou gh it did n ot f a ll wi thi n th e pu rvi ew of th e Cha ntri es A c ts Th e qu esti on , .

too, was one whi ch seemed to concern the commu nity at large, rather than S ir
 HAR R OW S CHOOL BUILDINGS 29

Ed ward North, the Lord of both manors , a lone ; a nd th e du ty of providing f or its

conti nu ed exi stence as a seat of learni ng, wi th a s u f fic i ent en do wment f or its f u ture

ma i ntenance, was a press i ng necess i ty W e ca n, theref ore, wel l imagine that

.

ben eficent and t houghtf u l minds wou ld come to th e c oncl u s ion that th e only meth od
of plac i ng th e Schoo l on a permanent bas is was to f ol l o w th e pl an ad op ted by th e

Crown in th e reign of King Ed ward VI when ref ou nding Schools, a nd to crea te .

a Governi ng Body, wi th per petu al su c cess i on , as a C orpora ti o n u n d er a R oya l

Ch arter, and to endow it with property a nd revenues of su f fic ient value to ef f ect

th e pu rpose in vi ew .

Th is ,at any rate,was th e course adopted in 1 57 1 by ou r Founder H is Charter is .

f ra med on th e mod el of th e Charter gran ted on 1 3 th M ay 1 5 50 f or S h erb o m e, one

of th e first Schoo ls ref oun d ed ; and thi s is th e con sti tu ti on , wi th su ch m odi fica t i ons

as f ro m tim e to tim e ha ve becom e nec essary ,u n der whi c h H a rrow Sc hoo l is n ow

carri ed on .

.
—
I n th e reign of Ki ng Edward VI , th e pop ulati on of H arro u pon th e Hil l and
w - -

Pinner must have exceed ed th e nu mber of 1 7 00 persons Th e Certifica te made by .

th e Co mm iss ioners,in pursuance of th e Cha ntri es A ct in records th e nu mber

of h ows eling peopl e in Pi nner as 30 0 , an d in H arro w u po n th e Hill as 1 000 - - -

.

H o wseling, or H usse l ing people, s o cal led f ro m a Saxon word signi f yi ng th e H o ly

Sacrament,were th e co mmu n icants ; a nd ,assu ming tha t th e age of f ourteen was th e
earli es t a t whi ch a person wou ld beco me a co mmu n i ca n t, all be l o w f ourteen are ex

c l u ded in th e a bo ve retur n s I f theref ore, f or these, an increas e in th e above

it
.

n u mbers of one thi rd is adop ted , th e pop u lat i on res id ent in H arro w a nd Pi nner
-

in th e middl e of th e s ixteenth century may a pproximately b e fixed at u pwar ds

o f 1 7 0 0 p erso ns .

A m ong th e res idents there were som e i nfl u en tial f amili es , f ro m whom five ou t
o f th e six origi nal Go vernors na m ed in th e cha rter of 1 57 1 were se lected Two .

were members of the Gerard f a mily, viz Gi lber t Gerard , th e Queen s A ttorney .
’

General , af terward s Sir Gi lbert Gerard, and Willia m Gerard , his brother, wh o
lived at Fla mbards Two bel onged to th e Page f amily,viz Jo hn Page of Wembl ey
. .

a nd Tho mas Page o f Su dbu ry C ourt ; a des cend an t of whom was Depu ty Cha mber -

la i n of the Exchequ er in 1 63 4 Thomas Be dding of Pinner,res ident at Head stone,

.

an d R i cha rd Edlyn of Woo dha ll , Pi nner, who se ances tors were tenants of Harro w

manor f rom th e earli est tim es, were th e rema i n ing two Go vernors .

Immediately af ter th e death of the Founder s wif e, Joan Lyon, on 27 th A ugus t ’

1 608 , th e Go vernors entered i nto th e f u ll possess i on of th e Foun der s endo wment

’

property,and proceeded to erect th e Sc hool H ouse on a site selected in 1 57 2 by

John Lyon himse lf f or this purpose, f or in t hat yea r h e granted a leas e of th e
premises immediately to th e sou th of th e Vicarage, with a proviso that he might
1
Harrow Tr acts , N 0 . ix .

3 C
Th e 1 1 2th an on r eq u ire all ersons to d p
ecome commu nica nts bef or e th e age of sixt een b
years ; and wit h l
trienn ia con rmations (as or ain e fi th e 60 th d d by
a n on) , t is s u
p os e m C
an to h p d y
b l
ecome so at twe ve or t irteen h
ea rs of age y
e f or e t at age t e. B h
wer e f or i en to com hy b dd
ma n icate byone of Q
u een El iza et b h j
s in u n ction s ; th e time f or con rmation , t er ef ore, a
’

p ea rsfi h p
h b l
to ave een f rom twe ve to s ixteen ears of age y .
30 H A RR OW SCHOOL
me possess ion, if at any time h e were minded to ta ke th e house,and convert it
res u

into a house f or a Sc hoo lmas ter .

I n one of th e m ost po pu l ar of our Sc hoo l songs,l our Fou nder, in as ki ng f or a

”
Char ter firm and f ree, a ddresses Qu een Eliza beth thus :
Q u een , he y
sa s , I h a ve got in stor e
Ab lS h lf d ”
ea u tif u c oo ro m roof to oor.

Th e plan of su ch a School was in th e possess i on of John Lyon , and is stil l

2

preserved a mong the Governors m unim ents ; th e a rchitect wh o prepa red it was
’

M r Sly ; and on its m ai n li nes , th ough not in stri ct ac corda nce wi th al l its deta ils ,
.

th e G overnors , accordi ng to t hei r o wn accoun t, as gi ven in thei r a ns wer to an

Inf ormation filed aga inst them in February 1 61 0 by th e A ttom ey Genera l in th e -

High Cou rt of Chancery,commenced to bu ild a f a ir School H ouse wi th a chimney

in it and wi th meet a nd con veni ent l odgings f or th e S c hoo l mas ter and Us her , an d
,

wi th cel lars, stu di es, and other thi ngs , as near as they cou ld, according to th e
i ntent and meaning of John Lyon, thei r Founder ; th e whi ch they were th e rather
i nduced to do f or tha t they wel l knew th e sa m e to b e a work of cha ri ty, wh i ch th e
”
sa id Joh n Lyon , a bo ve all th e sa id c hari ta bl e uses , m ost a nd pri ncipa lly a f f ec ted .

“
Bu t they had to conf ess tha t in t heir proc eedi ngs tou c hi ng th e sa m e, they ha d
f a llen i nt o th e common error of bu ilders, a nd h ad bestowed mu ch more m oney
th erea bou t tha n at th e first was mea nt or i ntended a nd so m u c h s o , that three

years rent more, in additi on to th e sum of £3 00 di rected by th e Fo under to b e

’

expend ed , w ou ld ha rdly su ffice to perf ec t th e bu ildi ng a n swerabl e to h is i ntenti on .

Th e bu ildi ng of th e Sc hoo l H ouse was entrusted to M r Thomas Page of R oxeth , .

a nd was compl ete d rea dy f or th e recepti on o f th e Scho lar s , an d f urni shed as a

res id enc e f or th e S ch oo lmaster an d th e U sher , in 1 61 5 , a t a tota l co st, ac c ordi ng to

th e ac c ou nts am ong th e S ho ol Mun im ents , of n ot m u ch un der £7 00 , a s u m eq u al

c

to at leas t £28 00 of our m oney and thi s f a bri c , whi c h f orm s th e wes tern wi ng
3

of th e present ol d S ch oo l , re mai ned in th e sa me condi ti on u nt il th e co m mencem ent

of th e present centu ry, as severa l p ri nts of th e old bu ildi ng of thi s date a nd

still in exi st ence rema i n t o testif y .

Th e entran ce an d sta irs were at th e east s ide, an d ga ve a cces s to th e large room

on th e first fl oor k no wn as th e Fou rth Form r oo m ; a bove thi s were th e Mas ter s
’

roo m a t th e nort h en d , and th e Us her s c ha mber a t t h e sou th end ; whil e th e

’

middl e room , wainsc otted f or th e first time in 1 669 , as it still remai ns wa i nsc otted ,
was reser ved f or th e Governors , and conti nu ed in thei r oc cu pati on u n til 1 8 47 , si nce
whi ch tim e it h as been used as a schoo l room A bove these r oom s were th e garrets .

or atti cs, k nown in m ore rece nt t im es as th e C oc k lo f t , a nd in th e bas em ent were -

th e cellars, divided i nto three parts f or wood a nd coal f or th e u se of th e Mas ter ,

Usher, and Scholars, as provided by th e Fou nders Sta tutes S o long as th e .

School H ouse was the res idence of the Master and Usher, th e room now kn own as
1
Q e n El
u e i abzth by
e E, E B w n . . o e .

2
A w t m k imil in h t th t n th i pl i gi n in S th b y W t m k
’
a er ar , s ar t c ara c e r o a o s an , s ve o er s a er ar s

Q f the S i t nth
s ee nd
a S e n t een
veth C n i s , n d i d t da D 1 5 8
ar e 5 a s a e A. . .

3
Th l d Rog , P b S h C m R p t l ii App
-
oro ers u . c . o . e . vo . . .
 HA R R OW SCHOOL BUILDI NGS 31

th e Four th Form room was th e only one u sed f or schol as tic pu rposes Wh en th e.

Mas ter and Usher ceas ed to reside, their rooms, together wi th th e atti cs , beca me
a vaila ble f or sc hoo lrooms ,as th e necess i ty f or addi ti ona l accomm od at i on arose .

Externa ll y, the School was adorned by a su n dia l , b u t this had disa ppeared
-

bef ore 1 8 00 A Vane and a Li on were added in 1 7 0 4 ; a collar was gi ven to th e

.

Li on in 1 7 28 , and h e was gilded in 1 7 3 0 A por ti on of h is tail is now in th e

.

Butl er Museum Th e Schoolyard, to which entrance was gained f ro m th e street

.

by a ga te, was gravelled and enlar ged as th e requ irements of th e time deman ded ;
addi ti ona l grou nd was ta ken f or recreati on gr ou nd s an d l a fiel d s in 1 68 0 an d
p y
1 7 48 . Th e f u m iture purchased f or th e use of th e Master and U sher cons isted of
two beds tead s, three cu pboa rds ,two roun d ta bl es , and six st oo l s, a drawi ng ta ble, -

and a mat ; while th e Go vernors roo m was f urni sh ed wi th a cha i r an d five stool s,
’

cover ed with R uss ia lea ther , two pai rs of cur ta ins an d val en ce, a nd a Tur key

carpet . A n oa k ch est f or the mu n im ents , wi th three l oc ks and keys, directed by

th e S ta tu tes to b e k ept in th e house appo inted f or th e Sch oolmas ter,was provided a t
a cost of £2 6 8 ; it is now placed in th e Fo urth Form roo m an d m eas ures 4 f eet

6 i nches in length , 2 f eet in width, and 2 f eet in height S o f ar as th e G overnors

’
.

A ccou nt boo ks show, no f urnitu re or u tens ils were su ppli ed f or th e ki tchen, and
indeed there are now no traces to b e f ou n d of any ki tchen accom modati on, or
o ffic es, or of an a ccess f rom th e ba se ment to th e sta ir cas e l eading u to th e roo m s
y p
o f th e Mas ter and Us her .

The in conven ience of th e Schoo l H ouse as a re s idence f or th e Mas ter must soon
h ave been f elt, both f rom th e a bsence of the accessori es us ua l in pri vate res idences ,
a n d of acco mm oda t i on f or th e recep ti on of f o reign ers , whos e parents des i red tha t

th eir sons sh oul d res ide with th e hea dmas ter ; and it appea rs to have ceas ed to b e a
res idence in 1 65 0 or 1 65 1 .William Hide, appointe d head mas ter in 1 628 , obta ined
f rom th e Governors in 1 65 1 a l eas e of a h ouse on th e si te believed to b e that now
occu pi ed by th e present headmas te r s house ; and f rom th e ear ly part of the
’

e ighte enth cen tu ry l eas es have been gran ted to s u ccess i ve headmas ters of thei r
res idence a t a peppercorn rent, th e cos t of by f ar th e l a r er a m ou nt of th e repai rs
g
an d o f a l l per ma nen t improvem ents f alli ng on th e tenant f or th e tim e bein g .

The Governors Mi nute boo ks ,whic h comm ence in 1 61 5,and A ccou nt boo ks,com
’

mencing in 1 60 8 , conta i n f req uent orders an d pa yments f or ge neral repai rs to th e

S c hoolh ouse, i ncl u di ng work when th e c hi mney was bl own d own in 1 63 1 , a nd
gla zi ng, whi ch f orm ed a hea vy item u ntil wire was pla ced over th e wi ndows in 1 7 7 2 ;
f or f urniture f or th e Governors,and boo ks f or th e Sch oo l H ouse ; f or gravelling th e
Sch oo lyard ; f or levell ing it in 1 68 2 ; f or ma king, in 1 645, a hearth in th e School,
possibly th e one now in th e Fou rth Form room ; f or a n hou r glass in 1 651 ; f or a
-

c l oc k in 1 654 , and a pen du lu m c l oc k in 1 68 6 ; f or a sc h oo l bell in 1 7 38 ; f or th e

dispos al of th e ol d schoo l bell ,and th e p urchas e of a new one of a larger s ize in 1 8 20 ;

-

f or ringi ng th e bell s ,called by th e vari ou s nam es of Th e Bell bef ore th e Fre e Sc hoo l
” ” ” ”
Sermons, The Sermon Bell , Th e Month Bell, The Grea t Bell, John Lyon s ’

” ”
Be ll , or John Lyon s Knell Payments , too, were made f or q uar tering so ldiers
’
.

a n d f or par lia m entary tax es du ri ng th e Ci vil W ar ; f or chim ney m oney, o r s m ok e

-

f a rthings,and f or h earth tax ,impos ed f or th e first tim e by A ct of Pa rliam ent of 1 3 th

32 H AR R OW SCHOOL
and 1 4th Charles II c 1 0 , in lieu of smo ke f arthi ngs ; f or R oyal aids and su pply ;
. .
-

f or th e mili tia ta x and trophy money, or m oney levi ed f or su pplyi ng ar ms , coa ts ,

- -

and hats f or soldi ers between th e years 1 67 1 and 1 7 1 0 , an d f or o ther ta xes impose d

by vari ous Statutes passed af ter th e R es torati on .

Th e A ccount book s also sho w that each of th e Governors f or th e first tim e in 1 61 8

rec ei ved th e m od es t su m of 1 3 s 4d f or h is yea rly all owance f or h is pa i ns in a ttendi ng
. .

a t th e two meet i ngs in every yea r , enj o i ned by th e Fou nder s S ta tutes ; a nd in th e
’

sam e year is rec orded f or th e firs t tim e a pa ym ent of 1 3 s 4d f or th e di nner of five . .

Governors , bei ng the sum d i rec ted by th e Statutes to b e bestowed u pon each o f
those sol emn ente rta in ments I n many years two d inners are rec orded , one at
.

Eas ter and one in October Th e a mount, however, in su bsequ ent years is a lways
.

in ex cess of th e a bove modest su m ; and in 1 7 08 no less than £6 5 6 was pa id in

Oct ober f or wine, oysters, carriage, and entertaynement f or th e Governors .

Th e Governors mun im ents a lso sh ow th e cl ose connec ti on whi ch e xi sted between

’

th e School and th e Pari sh and Pari sh Chur ch By h is Statu tes John Lyon ordained .

tha t
Th e K pee e rs a n d Go n h ll p id d p
ver ors s th irty go d l
a n d , nd god ly
rov e an m n t roc u re o , ea r e a ser o s o

eb p hed y l y f
r eac in th P i h Ch
eare or everh of H w p n th H il l f e id t n
e ar s u rc a rr o -
u o -
e- a or s a a co

ven eni t tim ; d h ll p y t th P

es an s h a P a h th f t p nd yea ly f l ik
o e r eac er or r eac e rs ereo en ou s r o e

al wf l m y (th t i t y) f
u on e a y m n,6 8 d A d if th id S h lm t
s o sa o r ever se rth o 8. . n e sa c oo as er or e

Vi car o f H wf th tim b i g h ll be th ght by th j dgm nt

arr o or e e e n d di eti
s a f th ou e u e an sc r on o e

K p nd G n f th tim b ing to b me t d fii i t m n f th t p p
ee ers a over ors or e e e e a e an su c en a or a ur os e,

a n d th t h a th e e,id S h l m t ,sa well cd wil l d th

oo m with t ny h ind
as er can an o e sa e, ou a ran c e

ot hi t s hing f th id S h l, th n th ne f th m bef
ea c o e sa c oo
y th e , t h t
eh e o o e , or e an o r o ave e

p reach i g fn th i
od e m e sa d th id t n
s r
e p n d f h
on s a ni p in th e ein A d
e sa l ou s or s a s r . n a so

th e said K p d G
ee ers an t p y y ly t th S t n f th id P i h f H w f
overn ors o a ea r o e ex o o e sa ar s o arr o or

ot wl i g th B ll b f
n e th
e id m
e or e 6 8d f like l wf l m n y
e sa se r on s , s. . o a u o e .

An d in h is observa tions f or th e ord ering of th e Sch oo l is th e f o ll owi ng direc ti on

All th S h l
e c h ll me t th Ch h d th e hea Di in e i
o ars s a co o e d th S ipt e
u rc an d er r v e s r v ce an e cr ur rea

or int p t d with ttenti

er re e d a ; h th t h l l d
on th wi
an h ll e ei
r everen ce e a s a o o er se s a r c ve

c orrec ti ding t th q lity f hi f lt

on acc or o e ua o s au .

I n accordance with these p rovi s i ons f or re l igi ous tra i ni ng,th e Sc holars of th e Free
Grammar Schoo l attended th e Pari sh Church an d li stened to th e mini strations of
su ccess i ve Vi cars of H arrow f or nea r ly three hu ndred years .

In 1 668 th e Governors obtai ned a li cense to bu il d a ga ll ery in th e Church f or th e u se

of th e Scho lars ,whi ch was accordingly erec ted at a cost o f nea rly £1 0 0 This ga llery .

was in th e n orth ai sle, and was fina l ly ta ken down in 1 8 8 6 On 23 rd A pril 1 763 .

th e Church s teeple was set on fire by lightni ng, whi ch th rea tened th e des truc ti on of
th e who le bu ilding, and a contr ibu ti on of £1 0 was gi ven by th e Governors as a
gratu i ty to those persons wh o ventured th ei r lives in extingu ishing th e fire I n 1 7 24 .

th e old Par is h H ouse in th e Chu rchyard , beli eved to b e th e ol d Church H ou se

mentioned in a previ ous chapter, was ta ken down,and a h ous e of maintenance f or
th e poor was erect ed on a site in Wes t S treet, gra nted by th e Go vern ors on l eas e
in trust f or th e us e of th e Pa ri sh ; a n d £3 0 0 was contribu ted by them towards th e
cost of thi s bui ldi ng, whi ch ceased to exi s t in 1 8 3 5 when th e H end on Uni on was

f orm ed by an Or der f ro m th e Poor L aw Commi ss i oners .

 H AR R OW SCHOOL BUILDINGS 33

I n 1 8 23 i
ass sta nce g was ia l so an o rg an ran ted
in th e towar ds the erect on o f

ch urch, an d in 1 8 24 £50 was gi ven as a vo lu n tary s u bscri p ti on to wa rds th e cost of

re pa ir i ng th e steep l e I n 1 8 3 4 and 1 8 3 7 th e Governors ref used to c ontribu te

.

to wards th e re m oval of th e Par i sh Cage This was a brick bui lding with a sloping .

tiled roof I t h ad a l arge door an d an iron grati ng a bove it, an d was s i tuated in
.

West Street, j us t to the east of th e path lead ing into the Chu rch fiel ds I t was .

used as a l oc k u p house f or persons ta k en u p by th e Co nsta ble or P oli ce, and

-

was rem oved a bou t th e year 1 8 45 I n 1 8 25 Dr George Bu tler wrote to the . .

Governors as to the rel inquishment of attendance by the Schol ars in the Church on
certa in days , thus Open i ng u p th e q u est i on whi c h l ed finally to th e ere ct i on of a

Cha pel f or the use of th e Sch oo l In 1 8 3 5 , the Parish Of ficers ha ving ra ised some
.

qu esti on as to the right of th e Schoolboys to occu py their present sitti ngs in the
”
Chu rch with ou t paying f or them , cou nsel s opin i on was ta ken by the Governors, ’

a nd was gi ven in f a vour of th e right to th e f ree enj oy ment of th e s i tti ngs in

Chu rch by th e Scholars .

I n Ju ly 1 8 45 th e qu esti on of the continuance of services f or th e Sc hol ars in th e

Ch urch was considered by th e Governors ; in February 1 8 57 th e wi thdrawal o f
th e Sc hol ars f rom m orni ng ser vi ce was sanc tioned ; and in Jul y 1 8 58 th e con
secrati on in N ove mber 1 8 5 7 of th e Cha pel as it now ex i sts was reported to th e

Governors .

Thus al l connec ti on of th e Foun der s Schoo l wi th th e Parish Church final ly ’

ceased in N ovember 1 8 57 , a nd th e connect i on of th e Gra mm ar Sch oo l , which was

carr i ed on in th e Churc h H ouse p ri or to th e erecti on of th e Sch oo l H ouse, with th e

Pari s h Ch urch al so terminated .

For two hu ndred years th e School h ad rema i ned wi th no oth er bu ilding than
tha t provided by th e Governors in acco rda nce wi th Ly on s beq u es t B u t wi th th e
’
.

n in ete enth cen tur y an era of expa nsi on set in Wi th this I ha ve little concern, .

a n d I need d o no m ore than enu merate th e bui ldi ngs which have c l ust ere d roun d

Lyon s f ou ndation First ca me th e additi on, at a cos t of u pwards of £50 00 , to

’
.

th e ol d S choo l i tsel f in 1 8 1 9 and 1 8 20 , of a new wing,c o nta i ning a Speech room , -

Clas s rooms, and a School library l It is i mposs ible to f eel too gratef u l f or th e
- .

wis do m which m ade th e new des ign corres pond wi th the ol d , and p rodu ced one
h armon i ou s whole Nay, more, there was one impro vement, f or it is to this time
.

tha t we owe th e grea t ori el wi ndow in th e Four th Form roo m I n 1 8 3 9 th e first .

Chapel was built, an d this was repl aced by th e Chapel as it at present exists in
1 8 57 . An additi onal bloc k of sc hoolrooms, which are still , with a conf us ing
”
scan ti ness o f nom enc lature, k nown as th e New Schoo ls , was bu il t by su b scri pti on
o n th e s i te of th e ol d da nci ng sc hoo l in 1 8 55 Th e f oun dati on sto ne of th e
- -
.

Va ughan Library was la id in 1 8 61 Th e new Speec h r oom was opened in 1 8 7 7 , .

-

a n d th e Sci ence Sc hoo ls in 1 8 7 4 Dr Bu tler s head mas te rs hip was commemorated

’
. .

b y th e noble block of bu ildings k nown , f ro m th e Butler M useum at th e top of it,

as th e M useu m Sc hoo ls This is th e most successf ul in design of all our modern
.

a d diti ons , an d sta nds , wi th its fine propor ti ons and bea uti f u l open stai r, as a

1
Th is dditi n w
a m de n d
o th e d vice f M
as aC ke ell , A chite t t th e De n nd
u er a o r. oc r r c o a a

f St P l C th ed l , L d n
’

Ch apte r o . au s a ra on o .
34 H AR R OW SCHOOL
worthy example of its architec t s repu ta ti on A sma ll and i nconvenient Mus i c
’ 1
.

School , which h ad at firs t housed M r Far mer s p upils, was replaced by a new
.
’

Mu si c Schoo l in 1 8 9 0 Th is possesses an ex cell ent concert room, in ad dition to

.
-

sm a ller rec esses where you ng pi an i s ts ca n secu re tha t pri vacy whi ch is des i ra ble f or

them and f or others , and a semi so un dproof , u ndergro un d cha mber des igned f or
-

the bra ss b and . Las t in th e roll com es the A r t Sc hoo l, the gi f t of M r Henry
-
.

Yates Th omson in 1 8 9 5 Bes ides these stri ctly ed uca tional bu ildings , we ha ve
.

seen th e erect i on of R ac k et c ou rts and Fi ves c ou r ts , a Gym nas i u m, an Obse r va tory ,

- -

an d a Ca rpente r s sh O B ut as these ha ve bee n, lik e th e res t, ma i n ly b u il t by

’

p
.

su bsc rip ti ons of th e so ns a nd f ri ends of H arro w, the rec ord of th em is m ore a pp ro

priately plac ed in th e chapters u pon th e benef ac tions , and in those which dea l
with the reigns of recent hea dmasters .

Of a l l th e b u ildi ngs now be l onging to th e S choo l ,th e chi ef in te rest mus t a l way s
be cen tre d in the western wi ng of th e Old Sc hool ,which conta i ns th e Fou rth Form
r oo m. I n spite of th e many cha nges whic h ha ve f rom t ime to ti me ta k en pl ace in
other par ts o f th e bu ildi ng, thi s room re ma i ns un cha nged ; th e sea ts in whi ch
s u ccess i ve head mas ters a nd u shers ha ve, s i nc e th e beginni ng o f th e seve nteenth

centu ry , sat a nd ta u ght ; th e c u pboard in whi c h th e i ns tru m ents o f pu n i sh ment

were kept ; th e benc hes u pon which su cceed i ng generat ions of S c h ol ars have recei ved
th ei r tu i ti on a nd p u ni sh men t, are al l still p reser ved On its pa nel s have been
.

ca rved , wi th thei r o wn h a nd s, th e n a m es of many o f th e m ost honou red a nd

f a m ou s of th e so ns of H a rrow ; while a bo ve th e pa nel s a re en roll ed th e na mes of
later Harro vians Withi n its wa ll the sq ua sh was held f or th e election of
. s

c ri c k et cl u b k eepers , p u bli c who ppi n gs by th e H ead of th e S cho o l ha ve ta k en pl ace

-
,

an d , u n til a co mparat i vely rec ent d a te, Bill was called .

I n these mem ori a l s we find th e li n k whi ch u n i tes th e presen t wi th th e pa st, and

th e pro of of th e wi sd om of th e p o li cy adop ted f or th e preser vati on of th e G ra mm ar
School by our Fou nder ; a nd of h im we can, while sta nding in thei r presence, say
with t ru th and grati tu de

S i nwnwmen tu m r e u ir is c ir cu n
q wp ice .

W O
. . H nwnrzr r
'
.

Mr . B il Ch
as a mpn eys .
 C HAPTE R V

TH E H OU SE S
W HE N John Lyon dr ew u
p h is O rders , S ta tu tes, and
”
R u l es , af providi ng f or
ter
the f ree ed uca ti on of a cer ta in n u mber of the chil dre n o f th e pa rish , h e la id do wn

the f ollo wi ng : Th e Sc hoo l mas ter may rec ei ve, over and abo ve th e children of th e
i nh abita nts withi n th e pari sh, so many f oreigners as th e whole nu mber may b e well
ta ught and a ppli ed, and the plac e ca n conven i ently conta in , by th e j u dgm ent and
”
disc reti on of the Governors .

Th e nu mber of f re e scholars seem s o rigi na l l y to have been fixed a t 3 0 , b u t in

1 61 5 ,by a resol uti on o f th e Governors ,it was ra i sed to 40 . I t is o bvi ous ,theref ore ,
that, while John Ly on wished p ri marily to benefit th e par is h of Harrow, h e a ls o
looked f orward to a time when f ore igners wou ld b e i nd uc ed to c ome to the hill f or
t heir edu ca ti on
. This confidence was soon to b e j ustified .

In th e precedi ng cha pte r will b e f ou nd h ow,acc ordi ng to th e ter ms of th e charter ,

”
meste and convenient roo ms , together with a large and convenient schoo lhouse,
were bu il t f or th e m as ter ; h o w these rooms were imm edia tely over th e Fo u r th
F orm room , a nd h ow this ac co mmod ati on m us t have proved insu f licient f or th e
mas ter as soon as th e f ore igner c la u se came i nto opera ti on . Indeed ,the mas ter did
n ot res ide there af ter 1 65 1 ; an d j u st a cen tu ry af ter th e gra nti ng o f th e char ter ,

W illia m H orne, wh o had become headmas ter, received an i ncr eased a llowance f rom
t h e Governors f or fitt ing u p a hou se,whi c h was mad e over to him an d his succes sors ,
to rece i ve boarders From this ti me f orward the hea dm aster s house beca me an
’
.

i mportant schoo l bu ildi ng, a nd was gradua lly enlarged as th e f ortunes of the school
d eman ded it .

I n the year 1 7 2 1 th e nu mbers of th e sc hoo l had reac hed 1 44, of whom 40 were
f re e sc h olars and th e res t f ore igners ; b ut in 1 7 3 8 the f ree sc h o lars h ad dimin i shed
to 1 9 , and one yea r l ater to only 1 4 . From this time f orwards the character of th e
sch oo l seem s to have change d ; f ore igners i ncreas e d in n u mbers , f ree sc h o l ars

d imi nis hed ,till we find tha t in 1 7 8 0 there were on ly seven or eight i nhabi tan ts wh o
s e nt their so ns to th e sc h oo l , a nd in 1 8 1 6, when th e tota l nu mbers reac hed c l ose on

3 0 0 , on ly three f re e schol ars were to b e f ou nd amo ngst them .

During the first century of th e sc hool s existence it seems to have been th e

’

”
c u sto m f or certa i n good ladi es , ca ll ed dames, appointed by th e head mas ter , to
v isit in the ir ho m es th e you nges t of th e f ree sc ho lars, and to i m art to them what
p
36 H AR R OW SCHOOL
l
e e men tary knowledge they themsel ves possessed A mongst th e Governors O rder .
’

a n d A cc ou nt boo k s we find vari ous en tri es c oncer ni ng them, s uch as : Th e nu mber

o f th ose that teach chil d ren to read shal l no t ex ceed s ix Th e c hild ren to c om e .

”
cons ta ntly to sc hoo l There are entries of payments to six good wi ves
f or teac hi ng th e poo r of Wembl ey ,R oxeth , S u dbu ry ,and H arro w ( 1 660 Pa id
t o s ix Sch ool Dames f or teac hi ng to rea d £24 ( 1 7 0 3 Th a t t h e a nn ua l

payment of £4 to th e S choo l Dame of H arro w di vi sion b e di sconti nu ed

E ven as late as 1 8 47 , £1 0 a year gi ven to bu ilding a Schoo l at Wembley , with
”
t h e un ders ta ndi ng that th e S c hool Dames a t Wembl ey and A l per to n b e wi thdrawn .

When it is remembered that in those ea rly days boys ca me i nto th e school al most
s tr a ight f rom th e nu rsery , th e reas o n f or thi s sy s tem will b e o b vi o u s to a ll ; an d it

was to this that we o wed in a f ter y ears th e da mes hou ses , whi ch played s o large a
-

pa rt in th e school li f e u p to fif ty or s i xty yea rs ago

-
.

Readers of M r P M Thornton s hi story o f th e sc h oo l are a ware tha t in 1 7 45 an d

’
. . .

1 7 46,d ur i ng th e h eadmas ters hip of Dr Co xe,th e n u mbers of th e boys f ell to 50 ,m ai nly

.

b eca u se th e sai d Dr Co xe, according to a Mi nute of th e Governors ,h ad f or a great

.

”
while past li ved a di sord erly, dr un k en , i d l e li f e But when Dr Thack eray was a p
. .

o i nted to su ccee d h im,th e nu mbers rapidly i ncreas ed ,an d in ad di ti on to th e h ouses

p
o f th e h ea d mas ter, o f M r R eeves , th e w ri ti ng mas ter ,and of M r H a wki ns , a cer ta in
.
-
.

Dr Gl as se opened a boa rding h ou se on h is o wn acc ou nt,th e res idents in whi c h seem

.
-

to have been nei th er f ree sc ho la rs nor ordi nary board ers , b u t a mixtu re o f th e two .

H owever, th e hou se beca me po pu lar , espec ial ly in ari stocrati c circles , and , amongst
o ther pri vileges , c la im ed th e s i ngu lar o ne of exempti on f rom bill f or a l l its
members This continu ed th rough Dr Thac keray s headmas tership ,b u t Dr S u mner
. .
’
.

f oresa w th e dan ger of thi s p rivilege d doc tor, a nd is sued an edi ct tha t a ll boy s must
”
a tten d bill A s Dr Glas se obj ected to this, h e was soon f orced , in spi te of many
. .

rem ons tra nces,to c l o se th e hou se This brought th e head mas ter i nto dif ficu l ti es,f or
.

t h e nu mbers of th e sc hoo l were ad van ci ng by lea ps an d boun ds ,and h e h ad re d u ced

th e boardi ng ac comm od a ti on Thu s it was that he finally dec ided to a llo w s ix o f th e
.

d ames to open boardi ng hou ses , an d so i nau gurated a system whic h co nti n u ed f or
-

t h e f oll owi n g s ixty or seven ty year s .

I t is di fficu lt now to imagine h ow this sc hem e worked ; we are sca rcely su rprised
t o hear that it l ed to grea t abu ses One ol d H arr ovi an wrote m an y yea rs ago
. L et :

me here menti on a great evil that exi sted in my tim e Dames houses , as they were .

ll
ca e , d w he re n o m as te r re s id ed — there were se vera l of them,Lei th e nea r th e c hurch ,
’

m
A r tron s g ’
s a n d M a x w e ll s— ’ ”
were th e s ource of many irregul ari ties A nd we find .

that another wrote A t th e dame s we did pretty mu ch as we liked S h e u sed to

’
.

s a , N o w,boys, if ou d o not m ake too mu ch n oi se in th e hous e, an d i m li ttl

y y g ve e e

trou bl e, if any b oy co m es to me an d says h e h as a hard l esson on su ch a d ay, an d

f ears th e consequ ences, I may b e indu ced to say f or him th at h e is a littl e u nwell ,
a nd I ha ve di re cte d him to keep wi thi n, or , as it was ca ll ed , sta y o u t This ’
.

was , as may b e su pposed , occas i onally ta k en ad vantage of Ou r di nners at th e .

d a me s were so b ad , and worse c oo ked (th e dame s hus ban d bei ng th e coo k ), th at I
’ ’

n ever di ned there, b u t b oarded u p m p c k et m oney and wee kly a ll o wa nce, an d

y o -

made my di nner of f ruit pies , ei ther at Grace s or H emming s (names that an ol d

-
’ ’
 THE HOUSES 37

Harrovian will recollect ) I t was to this prac tice that I a ttribute much of th e ill
.

”
hea lth I ha ve su f f ered through li f e .

M rs Armstrong s house was tha t between th e sch ool gates and th e pre sent
.
’

c ha pe l, and dif f ered very li ttle f ro m wha t its a ppearanc e is now except that there
,
seems to h a ve exi ste d a row of studies adj oi n ing it th e wi n do ws of whi ch a t so m e
, ,
height f rom th e ground, over looked th e road opposite th e cha pel Similar stu dies .

ca n b e seen in th e old pr in ts o f Dr Drury s house

’
. .

B u t th e most f a m ous and su ccess f u l of th e da mes hous es was held by M rs Lei th .

in th e ol d V i carage Whils t M rs Ar mstrong was latte rly al lowed on ly two or three

. .

boarders , M rs Leith ruled over a flourishing an d popul ar house, f amous f or its

.

distinguished boarders and its su ccess at cricket Leith a aga ins t the rest of the
.
’

”
schoo l was an ann ua l cri cket match ; an d a m ong other distinguished members of th e
house were Charles Perry, Bishop of Melbourne, 1 8 47 7 6 ; R C Tre nch, Arch -
. .

bishop of Du blin , 1 8 63 8 4 ; Charles Words worth, Bishop of S t A ndrews, 1 8 53 9 2 ;

-
.
-

and A J Beres f ord H ope ; wh il s t a l most th e l as t to b e entered , in 1 8 4 1 ,dur i ng

. .
-

t he tenu re of M rs Lei th was Charles Savile C urre r, better known to modern

.

Harrovians as M r R oundel l . .

Al though M rs Leith a hou se used to play th e sc hoo l at cri cket, it m ust have
’
.

trus ted to qua li ty rather than to qu anti ty , as it contained only a dozen boys No .

tu tor l i ved in th e house, b ut M rs Lei th was su preme I t was un like most of th e

. .

other houses in one re ec t, th e boys did not s leep in th ei r stu di es ; b u t th ese

s
p
were away f rom th e house, roun d a piece of grou nd, on one side of whi ch stood
th e din i ng ha l l ,— a nu mber of snu g li ttle roo ms , bu il t of wood a nd li ned with
-

re en ba i ze
g .

Later on, the ol d V icarage came i nto the hands of M rs Wood, niece of Lord .

Ch ancellor Hather ley,and boys still con tinu ed to b e in the house But M rs Wood . .

was never a dame in t he pro per sense of th e word Sh e ren ted the house a nd .

li ved in it ; and th e mas te r wh o res ided there wi th a f ew boys pa id h er so mu ch a

year f or boar d and lod ging .

”
Finally, M r Bu shel l had a s mall house there f ro m Janu ary 1 8 68 to Mid
.

su mm er 1 8 7 0 , when th e o l d V i ca ra ge was pu lled d own to m ak e wa f or th e vi ca r s

’

y
present res idence .

A mongst those wh o held hous es a t th e beginn ing of th e century , Benj a m in

Evans was one of the f oremost Comi ng to Harrow in 1 7 8 3 , he served the sc hool
.

f or fif ty years till his death in 18 3 3 , and f or many years li ved in th e house in H og

Lane, once H ogarth Lane, now Crown Street, at th e top of the cri cket groun d, th e -

a rd en of whi ch runs do wn cl os e to th e pa vili on A m on s t th e m embers of

g
g .

his house were Isaac Willia ms , of th e Oxf ord M ovement ; George Lo c kwood, a
h ero o f th e Ba lac la va charge, th e one h o pel ess , s plendid man of M r Bo wen s
’
.

poem ; and las t, b ut not leas t, H on Frederi ck G B Ponsonby, sixt h Earl of . . .

We me to th e f amily of the Drur ys , to whose services Harrow owes so

n ow co

much Five of them held houses Joseph Drury, whilst a n assistant mas te r, li ved
. .

in th e hou se, now converted in to shops, which sta nds between the Ki ng s H ead and
’

Waldron R oad Mark Drury s house stood on th e s i te of th e pre sent school book
.
’
38 H A RR OW SCHOOL
shop and of the hous e immediately to th e north o f it These two are sa id origin .

a lly to ha ve been an h os te lry , call ed t h e Q u een s Head — a tradi ti on whi ch is

’

borne ou t by th e exi sting large gate l ead ing i nto th e yard behind W e do not .

hea r of a ny one su cceeding to his house ; and as h e retired in 1 8 26, when th e

n umbers of th e sc hoo l , owing to vari ous reas o ns, were be i nn i ng to f a ll ra pidly ,
g
it is p roba ble tha t th e house was then c losed Here S ir R o bert Pee l f ou nd h is
.

Harrow home, a nd is sa id to ha ve ca r ed his na me on a bri ck of th e ou ter wall

v
.

This , ho wever, is no longer to be f ound there,b u t was ta ken out more tha n th irty
ears a o, and is not in sc hoo l han ds
y g .

Many other hou ses , no longer used as boarding hous es , have ex isted at
var i ou s ti mes du ri ng th e cen tu ry A lis t of them may b e seen in th e H a r r ovia n o f
.

2 l st November 1 8 9 5, b u t th e only one whi ch ca ll s f or any m enti on is th e Bu tts ,

where M r Re a
. and M r Wes tco tt, n ow Bi s hop o f Du rham , each s pen t five y ea rs
.

between 1 8 49 and 1 8 59 .

In additi on to M r He wlett, th e sc hool doctor, va ri ous res idents at di f f erent

.

ti mes have been permitted to ta ke two or thr ee boa rd ers i nto thei r ho u ses Thu s .

in Dr Geo rge Bu tl er s time we find an U p h er boardi ng wi th M r C u nn i ngha m, th e

’ c
. .

vicar ; in Dr Wordsworth s ti me, a San ctua ry wi th a M r Styl es ,a nd a G or i ng wi th

’
. .

a M r W am ef ord whils t, in Dr Vau gha n s ti me, M r Jo hn W C u n ni ngha m

'
. . . .

severa l t i mes recei ved permi ss i on to ta k e t wo bo ard ers , th e first of wh o m was S ir

George Trevelyan ; an d th e pari sh curates were occas ionally gra nted s imil a r
pri vileges .

H m nma s rna'
’
s H O US E
The exact dura ti on of th e occ u pa ncy of th e ol d school bu ilding as a re s idence
by th e m as ter a nd us her is no t k nown ,b u t it certai n ly did not l ast bey on d th e y ea r

1 65 1 and it ca n eas ily b e im agi ned that th e i n con ven i ence ari s i ng f r o m a wan t o f

d u e pro vi si on in t h e b u ildi ng i ts elf f or th e usu al accessori es of a pri vate residence

must ha ve become f elt in a very short tim e From th e Order books we l earn th at,
.
-

on 1 7 th J u ne 1 650 , th e G overnors agreed that M r W illi am Hide, th e head mas ter ,

.

s hou l d ha ve a l eas e of th e tenement in th e o ccu pa ti on of Ma ry Jones , f or twen ty

one years ,a t th e year ly rent of £8 ; a nd a l ease was ac cord i ngly granted to him on

the 2nd A u gu st 1 65 1 , an d £8 was , in 1 653 , all owed to him f or repa i ri ng h is

house M r Hide conti nued to reside in this hou se l ong af ter h e ceased to b e
. .

maste r in October 1 661 , and even a f ter h is leas e had expired ; f or, in Februa ry
1 68 5, h e recei ved noti ce to gi ve u p p ossessi on by L ady Day then n ex t f oll owing .

From this time f or ward we find that each su ccess i ve headmas ter re s ided in a house
o f his own , an d that th e Govern ors ass i s ted wi th pecu ni a ry gra n ts toward s repai rs

a nd al terati ons , to p rovide better ac comm odati on f or hi mse l f an d h is b oarders .

B u t thi s arrangem ent was a lso f ou nd i n conveni ent, and th e Governors , on 7 th

Octo ber 1 67 2 , passed th e f oll owi ng re sol u ti on
Wh ereas there is no convenient house of habitati on f or the school mas ter o f
th e Free Schoo l , by whi ch means th e present Sc hool mas ter ( M r H orne) rs enf orced .

to hire a house in th e to wn f or h is present ac comm od ati on at an extraordi nary

 TH E HOUSES 39

c harge, theref ore the Governors, having it un der thei r consideration h ow th e

Schoo lmas ter may b e f um ished with an ho use at th e charge of th e School f or th e
f u ture ( b u t finding that th e work ca nnot su ddenly b e ef f ected ),d o hereby order th at
£1 0 a t present b e gi ven u nto M r Hom e, th e p m ent Sc hoolmas ter, f or a present
.

”
s u ppl y to c ontin u e u n til f u r ther order .

Thu s ea rly do we trace evidence of th e Governors findi ng, as their successors

”
s til l find that th e wor k urgently req u ired
, can not su dden ly b e eff ected I t was .

n ot u n til th e m as ters hip of Will i a m Bo l ton that th e G o ver nors obj ect was reali sed
’
.

Th e house was more th an once enlarged an d al tered , genera lly at th e head master s
’

ex pense, thou gh th e Govern ors s om et im es pa i d a s hare What was done by

.

Dr Geo rge B utler is men ti oned in th e arti c le u po n h is headmaste rship

. Thus .

grad u ally was bu ilt u p the ori gi nal headmaster s house of whi ch F Mackenzi e s ’
.
’

picture, p u blished in A c kerman s H is tory of the P u blic S chools

’
gi ves u s an
ex cellent vi ew .

Th e porc h a nd other a rchitec tura l orna ments were added to th e house by Dr .

George Bu tler, in whose time it reac hed its final proporti ons Growing u p, as we .

ha ve seen,gradua lly a nd as need requ i red,it bore traces of the han di work of most of
th e head m as ters ,—a grea t ramb l ing bu ilding ,whi ch ,at its f u llest,held th e enorm ous
nu mber of 1 20 b oy s Fac ing th e road was a long wing, in which were th e s tu di es
.

o f the b oy s, an d loo ki n o ver th e h ea dm aste r s s hr u bbery was a l arge ya rd , r ou nd

’

g
t hree s i des o f whic h were t hei r bed room s A l ong th e big corridors cou ld b e seen
.

cu t u th e nam es of generati ons of H ar rovi ans, whi c h , accordi ng to trad i ti on , once

p
sa ved th e h ouse f r o m destr ucti on Th e hou se bei ng so big there were t wo l arge
.
,

hall s provided f or th e boarders , th e one th e co mmo n breakf as t room , or playroom , -

where the lo wer boys took thei r brea k f as t and tea , and th e other , th e hall , or Sixth
Form roo m, whi ch wa s l ook ed u pon as a sor t of c lu b, where no b oy was a llowed to
enter excep t a t di nner an d p ray er tim e , u ntil h e h ad bec ome a m ember by pas s i ng
-

through th e tryi ng ordea l of r o l l i ng in described els ewhere Th e hall was th e

.

”
scene of ha nding u p, and this s ho ws that th e head master s house was looked ’

u po n, not m erely as one of th e boa rdi ng h ouses , b u t as a sc hoo l b ui ldi ng

-
For .

when a boy was handed u p to th e monitors , and was f ou nd gu ilty of some

o ff ence, a nu mber of boy s f ro m th e u ppe r pa rt o f th e sch ool c oll ec te d in th e ha l l ,

a nd watched th e vi ct im recei ve severa l bl o ws f rom ea c h of th e mon i tors , wh o were

a rmed wi th s tu dy toas ti ng f ork s -

.

On 2 2nd Oct ober 1 8 3 8 a great misf or tu ne happened to th e sc hool A t a little.

a f t er 6 a n .th e schoo l bell and chu rch bell s were heard r inging vi o len tly , and
- -

s hou ts ran g through th e hou ses , Words worth s hou se is on fire Come and help
’
. .

For so me tim e th e ol d pari sh engi ne tried in vain to cope with th e fire, and when
engines ca me down f rom Lo ndon , it was di f ficu l t to s u pply them wi th water, th e

more so as the vil lage pu mp at the top of Wes t Street was out of repa ir Fin ally , .

their pipes were ta ken to th e Gro ve pond , and two li nes of men a nd boys were
f or med f rom th e Park pond to th e hea dmas ter s to pas s buck ets to and f ro Bu t
'
.

al l in vai n ; by 4 A M nothi ng re mai ned of th e hou se b u t t h e f ro nta e and a f ew

. .
g
large walls The coal cellar s were alight, and remai ned so f or many days af ter
.
-

wa rds, and Harrow had l ost a storehou se of ancient anecdotes and traditions For .
40 HA RR OW SCHOOL
the su perstitious , an od d f ac t is connected with the fire When th e Grove was .

nearly burnt down in 1 8 33 , a hare h ad been seen ru nn i ng thro ugh th e town A f ew .

days bef ore the grea t f ire in 1 8 3 8 a hare was chased through th e town, and killed
by th e Park gates ; and only a f ew years ago, a day or two bef ore a fire broke out
in M r Da vidson s ne w hou se, w hich lu ck ily d id li ttle damage, a b a re ran throu gh
’
.

th e town , and was killed al most u pon th e sam e s pot .

I t will i ntere s t our rea ders to read extrac ts f ro m a lette r wri tten th e day a fl er
”
th e fire by M r H enry Drury , then occu pyi ng
. Dru ri es , to h is son Benj a mi n ,
then at Cai us Co llege, Ca mbridge .

A f ter havi ng been h l e of las t nigh t, and ti red with visits, con
u
p th e w o

gratu la ti ons, and a gratu i i fl into my house of M r Col enso s boys f or ten
tous n ux .
’

days,I sit down to ad d a line to what E wrote to H I h ad j u st been in to

prayers at 6, and was going at th e half hour to do Fourth Form tria l in my study ,
-

when E told me tha t M r Words worth s hou se was on fire I rus hed out, and
’
. .

saw th e sec on d wi nd ow of th e stu dy next to M r Word s worth s vomi ti ng o u t fla mes ,

’
.

then th e next, and so on ; b u t had th ere been a fireman wh o cou ld ha ve di vided

th e hou ses ,th e who le of M r Wordsworth s might ha ve been sa ved Pro videntially,
’
. .

there was b u t li ttle wind, a nd that not at firs t un f avoura bl e I t was a m agn i ficen t .

s ight in M r Co l enso s long pass age to see hal l, pl a roo m , s tu dy , a n d every wi nd o w

’
.
y
in th e yar d sen di ng ou t vo l u mes o f flam e I then got togeth er some boys, and .

s u cceed ed in sa vi ng m os t o f M r Word s worth s books in good condi tion Th e ’

. .

street was at one time s o h o t tha t it c ou ld not b e passed , or sca rcely s o , oppos i te

R o yston s ( i a next to th e a rch way of Druries ), whic h ca u ght fire three tim es
’
. .

a nd had I n ot pe rso na lly caused th e H a rro w engi ne to play on tha t, and tha t onl y ,

we m u st have been i nvo lved in th e ge neral ru i n A t las t, Brad wod , th e ge nera l .

ins pector, ca lled , and sai d h e f eared our premi ses m ust go, f or th e wind changed
aga i nst us , and th e flas hes of fire fl ew o ver o ur pre mi ses as thic k as a sno wstorm .

W e had two men sta ti oned on my house,and three in R oyston s ,and then we bega n ’

to re move ou r pla te a nd my bes t boo k s Webb s hou se and F Bowen s were ’ ’

. .

c ompl etely gu tte d, b ut th e new p art o f M r Col ens o s is sa ved I h ad two police ’
. .

men in f ront, and two in my garden a ll nigh t, bes ides Ki ng Th e engi nes are still .

p laying on the smou lderi ng ru ins H is wine is saf e, al so h is pl ate, now in the
.

Governors room in schoo l H e has lost al l h is clothes, all his linen ; the boys
!
.

ha ve lost all b ut the c l othes they had on Severa l thi eves ha ve been taken
.

u , and th e streets are f u ll o f ill l oo kin g s trangers M aj or A bbs is now ridi ng

p
-
.

a nd d own givi ng searc h w arrants A car t f u l l of f u rn i tu re, etc , was m et

p
-
u . .

going u p to London early this morni ng I was wet to the ski n f ro m se ven o c lock
.
’

till five, b u t am not very f everi sh or gou ty Some rascals cu t th e hose of .

two of th e engi nes in three places , and there was al toge ther a gre a t wa nt of
water No serious accident occurre d ; the engines will not lea ve th e stre et to
.

n ight, a nd are to b e th oro ughly pa tro ll ed .

M onday mor g n in — I am recru i ted by a l ong night s res t, and except that I
’

a m so hoa rse that I cann ot b e u n derstood , I a m al l right Th e Times gentl eman

’
.

( Ty as of Tri ni ty ) , wh o got a Greek ode, says th e two o c l oc k tra i n ca m e here

’
 TH E HO USES 41

loaded with pickpockets ; h is own pocket was picked The Go vernors only i nsu red .

f or £28 00 , and th e da mage is £500 0 a t the least, wi thout ref erence to aught b ut
th e bu ildi ng Than k God, I have saved my pre mises by my own exertions H ad
. .

I been in town , they mus t ha ve gone Wordsworth h as ta ken Phelps s cotta ge .

’
.
1

”
A di eu . H D . .

One thing in thi s letter will probably strike many of our readers with su rpri se .

The house which was burnt d own is ca lled M r W ords worth s , th e boa rders a re
' ’
.

ca ll ed M r Col enso s M r Drury, ho wever, was correc t, f or, in 1 8 3 6, th e Governors

’
. . .

ca me to th e conc l us i on t hat it appeared to them des i rabl e , as lik el y to p romote

th e bes t i nteres ts of th e sc hool , that th e board ers shou ld b e remo ved , and in f uture
”
pro h ibited at th e head mas ter s house M r B urton th e sc hoo l architec t, was
’
. .
,

as ked to prepare plans f or rearra ngi ng th e head mas ter s house f or thi s p u r po se ,
’

an d f or erec ti ng a new house adj o i ni ng it f o r th e pu r ose o f a boardi ng ho use

p
-
.

Th e ques tion, however, remai ned in a beyance, no do u bt owi ng to th e want of

nec essa ry f u nds , un t il Febru ary 1 8 3 8 , when M r C o l enso , m athematica l mas ter, .

and af ter wards Bi shop of Na ta l , of f ere d to erect a new boardi n g hou se over part -

of th e si te of the p remises occu pied by M r Webb , the d anc i ng m as ter , an d a .

-

porti on of th e head mas ter s premises This proposa l was adopted , and , on th e
’
.

pro position of Dr Wordsworth, th e boarders were directed to be removed f rom

.

his h ou se Wi thi n a f ew months th e grea t fire occ urre d, and a t a m eeting of the
.

Governors, 7 th February 1 8 3 9 , th e origi n of th e fire was stated to have been ao

c iden ta l , b u t m os t seri ou s in ex tent, ha vi ng destroyed th e who le of th e res id enc e

of Dr Words wor th , wi th th e st u di es and roo m s recently tran sf erred to th e oc cu pa

.

ti on o f M r Co lenso f or h is boarders Th e accounts in th e Govem ors Mi nu te book s

’
-
. .

of th e subse quent discuss i ons a re i n teres ti ng, b u t lo ng M r Co lenso propo sed , on . .

con di ti ons , to reb u ild a board i ng hou se ; b ut, M r Phelps ha ving a nnou nced his -
.

i nten tion of leavi ng Harrow, and h is house, th e Park , ha ving been of f ered to M r .

Co lenso and ac cepted by him , h e was releas ed f rom his engagement as to th e erec
ti on o f th e new boa rding hous e For so me year s nothi ng was done, b u t in 1 8 43
-
.

th e re erecti on of th e hea d mas ter s boardi ng house was l oo ked u pon as i mperati ve
’
- -

( a p ri vate house f or th e h ea d mas ter h a d a l rea dy been bu il t o n th e o l d s i te )

an d a letter f r o m Dr W ords wort h to th e Go vern o rs , in Februa ry 1 8 43 , ca ll s a t

.

ten t i on to th e detriment ca u sed to th e sc hoo l f ro m th e l oss of th e boar di ng house -

des troyed in 1 8 3 8 Thi s ca used th e matter to be ta k en u p af resh A co mmittee

. .

f or co ll ec ti ng su bscripti ons was soon f ormed , on whi ch H on Fred Pon sonby and .

H on R o ber t Gri mston took a n ac ti ve pa rt ; and in 1 8 45 we find a letter f rom th e

.

f ormer sayi ng that t he su bsc ripti ons a lrea dy a mou nted to £1 50 0 Thi ngs pros .

per ed ; M r Beau mont, M P , gave £1 00 0 ; M r Ma kenzi e, wh o held the hou se

. . . .
c

adj o in i n g th e hea dmas ter s , d ec lar ed h is willi ngness to gi ve u p h is pre mi ses , a nd

’

th e p resent house was begu n .

A s or igi na lly fin i shed, th e hou se was very di f f eren t f ro m wha t it no w is ,f or it was

no t t ill so m e y ears l a ter that Dr Vau gha n ad d ed th e top story to the p ri vate part .

1 A m ll i y l d h
s a , wh i h t d
v c a
- th it
ou s e f th p t M c L dge D i V d
s oo on e s e o e r ese n an or o . r. or s

wo th
r nti
co d t l i th f
nu e o m t im
ve er e or s o e e .
42 H A R R OW SCHOOL
of hou se, which look s ou t on the street and to wards the end of th e seventies
th e
f urther large ad di tions were made to th e sa me pa rt, th e ex pe nse of whi ch f ell pa r tly
u pon th e G o vern o rs, and pa rtly o n th e head mas ter . Extensi ons were made bo th
to th e nor th a nd sou th , an u pper s tory , corres pondi ng to Dr V aughan , was
’
. s

add ed l oo ki ng o ver th e ga rden , a nd a s mall ne w wi ng o f f ou r sto ri es wa

s ad d ed to

Dn vrrms .

th e h east on th e garden side That whi h is now ca lled the ol d house, nex t
n or t -
. c

to th e Vau ghan Library , was origina lly k no wn as th e ne w, a nd c on ti nu ed to bea r

t h e n a m e till 1 8 66, when Dr B u tler bu il t th e p resen t ne w ho use at h is own
.

e xpense, and thi s did no t beco me th e pro perty of th e Go vem o rs ti l l many years

a f ter wards A nother la rge ad di ti on was mad e o nly las t yea r on the sa me s ide as
.

th e new ho use, in order to m eet th e present regu l ati ons of th e sc hoo l wi th regard
to singl e roo ms .
 THE HOUSES 48

To gi ve a l is t of th e disti ngu i shed men wh o h ave been

members of the hou se
wou ld b e imposs ible W e are content with menti oning
. Lo rd Byron ; b ut it is
probable that a large propo rti on of th e distinguis hed men, wh o were boys at th e
end of las t century , u nder Dr J ose ph D rury , came here to b e un der h is es pec i a l
.

infl uence, and were members of his hou se .

Drum ms

Towards the end of las t century a house opposite th e h eadnras ter s was held by ’

R ev T Broml ey, wh o was as sis ta nt mas ter 1 77 4 18 0 5, and had marr i ed a sis ter
. .
-

”
of Dr H ea th
. H e was th u s u nc le by marr i age to h is successor
. Harry Drury ,
wh o he ld th e hou se f r om 1 8 0 6 to 1 8 4 1 A t first it was of sma ll dimens i ons , b u t
.

M r Dr ury soon bega n to b u ild, and we are told that in 1 8 1 8 , when h is new
.

dra wi ng room and di ning room were fini shed, h e gave a grand ba ll , band f ro m
- -

London, floor painted , col oured la mps go ing down to th e arch end, lad i es in -

”
mourning f or Pri nces s Ch arlotte Th e ho u se at this ti me was ca ll ed
. Th e
”
A bbey .

M r H enry Drury continu ed to b uy u p s urrou ndi ng grou nd a nd premises an d

.

to bu ild u po n them, a nd we are i n f ormed by Dea n Meri va le, his nephew, th a t in

his time h is un c le held f or m any yea rs th e a mpl est boardi ng house and th e most -

”
c ro wded p u pil roo m o f a n
y
-
.

A t that ti me next to th e arch way was R oys ton s tu c k sh op a nd d welli ng h ouse,

’
- -

extendi ng u p th e hill as f ar as M r Dru ry s pupil room, whi ch h ad two windows ’

-
.

l ooking on th e street,th e entrance being f rom the ya rd behi nd When M r Henry . .

Drury died , h is ol d pu pil room was so ld to M r James Wi nkley, wh o li ved next

-
.

door ; b u t M r Benj a mi n Drury rented it f rom him and u sed it f or s leepi ng rooms
.
-
.

Meanwhile, R oyston of th e tuck shop h ad died, and M r Drury rented h is hou se,
-
.

u sing th e ol d tu ck sho p as a pu pil roo m,an d th e r es t of th e ho us e as s ic k m om s f or

- - -

h is boys To ma ke a n entran ce i nto th e new pu pil roo m h e c u t a doo r, whi c h still

.
-

ex is ts , throu gh th e ou ts id e wa ll i nto th e middle o f th e a rch way Then suddenly .

came a c ha n ge Th e l an dlord , M r VVood b ridge, i nsi sted on p u lli ng down th e

. .

reater pa rt o f th e ne w p u pil roo m and s i ck ro o ms , and bu il t in thei r pl ace th e

g
- -

present house, whi ch conta i ns t wo s hops, and in part of which th e Philathleti c

Clu b now finds shelter Such is the story of th e shops, whi ch so many no w wish
.

to see done away with I n 1 8 64 M r H o l mes su c ceed ed to th e house, whi ch h e

. .

held till h is dea th in 1 8 8 7 H is first step was to thoroughly rebuild the boys part
.
’

o f the ho use, an d h e mad e it wha t it no w is , wi th th e excep ti on o f a sm a ll addi ti o n

in 1 8 9 4 .

Of illu str i ous members house, Lo rd Pa l mers ton co mes th e first,h is house
of th e
mas ter being M r Bromley A mongs t a very disti ngu ished n u mber we also find
. .

Dean Merivale, S ir Thomas Wade, and Teignmouth M cl vill , V C , of Isa nd l wh ana . .

f am e, whose nam e is c ut u p in th e h ouse in gil t letters , as a s ma ll tribu te to h is

44 HAR R OW SCHOOL

M onx roxs '

Th is house was opened abou t 1 8 0 6 by th e R ev W J J Dr ury,the son of Mark . . . .

Dru ry . When h e lef t in 1 8 26, h e was su cceeded by th e R ev W Oxenh am ; wh o, . .

two yea rs l ater , pu lled d own th e ol d h ou se, and bu il t in its plac e a large part of
what we see to day When h e died in October 1 8 63 , M r Wes tcott, now Bishop
-
. .

of D urha m , su c ceed ed to th e m anagem ent of th e house, and reta i ned it t ill 1 8 7 0 ,

when h e was f oll owed by M r H u tton , wh o was m as ter th ere f or th e next t wenty
.

years Th e accommodation of th e house in 1 8 7 0 f ell f ar short of what was then

.

req u i red . Su f fici ent proof of this is that th e roo m where boys had previ ous ly
ta ken thei r mea ls was u se d in M r H u tto n s tim e f or keeping f oo tba ll boots Mr
’
. . .

w —
H u tton t i ce added to the house first, bu ilding a pri vate di ning room so as to -

give up th e old dining room f or the u se of the boys, and, secondly, in 1 8 8 1 and
-

1 8 8 2 , addi ng th e big new wi ng overlooking High S treet, by whi ch th e house

gained a large din ing ha ll , bedrooms and sic k rooms, a nd everythi ng el se which
- -

was necessary .

Th e na me Moreto ns was gi ven to th e hou se by M r H utton s oo n afier h e .

su cceed ed to it Those wh o l ook in the H arrow R egister un der th e entrances of

.

September 1 8 29 will find th e names

Moreton, Edward ( M rs . H u tton s ) ’

Moreton, Wil lia m ( M rs . H u tton s ) ’

These M oretons, cousins of M r H u tton and p upils of M r Oxenh am, were th e l as t

. .

of th e m al e li ne of th e M oretons o f M oreton H all , Che hi re When they entered s .

th e sc hoo l th ey res id ed ( at firs t at a ny rate) with M r H u tto n s f ath er , wh o was

’
.

then curate at Harrow,and when M r H u tton was looking a bo ut f or an a pp ropri ate

.

na m e f or h is hous e, h e ch os e th e na me of h is c ou s i ns , partly f ro m f amily f eeli ngs ,

and partly beca use th ey h ad bee n assoc i a ted wi th th e house as pu pil s of h is

predecesso r, M r Oxenham Some of th e distinguished members of the house have
. .

bee n th e H on Percy S mythe ( Viscou nt S trangf ord ), T C Baring, A dmiral S ir

. . .

Michael Cu lme Seymour, th e Bishop of Peterborough, Lo rd Gi ff ord, V C , and th e . .

R ight H on Wal ter Long

. .

Tm: Gnovr-
z

Through th e researches of M r W O H ewlett and th e R ev W D Bus hell m uc h

. . . . . .

has lately been brou ght to light abo u t th e ea r ly hi story of th e G rove I t will b e .

f oun d in the cha pter on th e Manors at H arro w h ow th e rec tory da tes bac k
to very early ti mes, a nd h o w th e ma nor ca m e i n to th e ha nd s of th e A rchbis hops
o f Ca n terb ury Th e R ector was Lo rd of th e ma nor of H arrow Hill R ectory , a nd
.

resid ed , when h e was a t H a rrow, f or h is of fice was a s i nec u re , a t wha t was

ca lled th e Parsonage, or s om etim es th e Lo rd s Wood or Grove, and finally , as n ow,

‘

th e G ro ve Tha t what is now th e Grove was once th e R ectory manor house there
.
-

is no dou bt ; indeed , th e hou se was ca ll ed th e R ectory u n til qu ite recen tly I t is .

 HAR R OW SCHOOL

TH E PA R K
Th e ly history of Flambards , pa rt of which is no w represented by th e
ear

Park, will b e f ou nd in a previous chapter A t th e end o f l ast cen tu ry th e pro

.

perty was in th e hands of M r R ichard Page of Wembley Park , Governor of th e

.

sc hool f ro m 1 7 7 4 to 1 8 0 3 .H e it was wh o began to bu ild th e present man sio n,

b ut h e does not seem to have li ved there at th e end of h is lif e, f or we find that, in
th e year 1 8 00 ,th e house was nei ther in habi ted nor f u rn i sh ed A t M r Page s dea th
’
. .

it was bough t by Lo rd N orthwi ck ,wh o fini s hed th e hou se u po n an en l arged sca le,
a nd decorated its wa ll s wi th bea u t i f u l pictu res , a mong them th e f amous S t .

Ca the rine o A e a a nd r ia , by R a phael , and Chr is t d is u tin

I wi h h D ors , by
f p g t t e oc t
'

Lu ini , both now in th e Nati onal Gallery .

For so m e li tt le time to wards th e end of Lord North wick s ten u re th e Pa rk was

’

rented by Ma rsh a l Sebas ti a ni , th e Frenc h A mbas sad or ; an d th e li ttle town was

of ten
g y
a w i th t h e ca rri ages of sta tes m en , dipl o ma ts , an d th e l eaders of soc i ety , wh o

drove down f rom town to dine with th e A mbas sad or B u t in 1 8 2 5 Lo rd North wick .

co n veyed th e p rope rty to Genera l A M M Gregor, wh o then, as we are told in

‘
. .

A rchdeac on Phelps s Li f e, was th e gre ates t pers onage in H arro w a nd h ad th e finest

’

house B ut that was not long to remai n so , f or in th e f ollowi ng yea r the Genera l
.

m ortgaged th e property , and it eventu ally pas sed into the hands of M r W W . . .

Phelps , wh o had been previ ously disappointed in his attemp t to secure the Grove .

H e h ad i ndeed a pplied f or it a f ter th e l a te own er, M r Ba tten s f u neral ; b u t

’
.

prompt as was h is appli ca ti on, h e had been a nticipated by Benj a min Ha ll Kennedy,
wh o h ad j u st been a pp o i nted to a mas ters hip .

Th e Par k ,whi ch then co nta i ned ra ther more than 47 ac res ,wi th a f ronta ge f ro m
th e h ouse in High Street, n o w ca ll ed Fla mbards ,to th e entrance of W oodla nds ,wi th
th e excepti on of a f e w hous es to th e south of th e Park ga tes , rema i ned f or th e
greater part in the han ds of th e Phelps f amily till 1 8 8 5,when a bou t 1 7 a cres of it
were pu rc has ed by th e Harro w Par k Tr us t I n thi s way th e Par k beca me a scho ol
.

house, and to M r Phelps grea t credit is d ue, f or the grea t tenantless mans ion in
.

”
Harro w Par k was abou t to b e taken down and sold f or the val u e of its materi als .

Several ti mes in its his tory sinc e 1 8 3 2 th e house has been enlarged and a l tered .

M r Harri s added th e pupil roo m wi ng to th e s outh side of th e yard , and divided

.
-

th e beau ti f u lly proport i oned big dr a wi ng room i nto two roo ms , whi ch are n o w u sed
-

as dra wi ng roo m and di ni ng ro om, whils t th e ol d dini ng roo m was turned i n to a

- - -

ha ll f or th e boys Later on, rooms were built above th e pupil room , and in 1 8 8 7
.
-

M r Ha llam added th e wi ng to th e nor th of th e yard, whic h conta i ns sixtee n si ngle

.

roo ms .

The di sti ngu i s hed m embers of th e hous e ha ve been many ; am ongst them we
may menti on Sir A lexander Gran t, 1 8 38 ; S ir Ro bert Peel , 1 8 3 5 ; S ir William
Peel , 1 8 3 7 , of th e Naval Brigad e in th e Mu tiny ; William Spottiswoode, 1 8 40 ,
President of th e British Association ; C S Bl ayds ( Ca lverl ey ), 1 8 46 ; Lord Lytton,
. .

1 8 4 , Govem or Gen eral of India ; S ir Matth ew R idl ey , 1 8 56, th e pre sent H om e

6
-

Secretary ; whils t of our present Governors M r Ro undell and Dr Wa lter Lea f . .

both finis hed their schooldays there .

 THE HOUSES 51

Once th e Park h as been honoured b y the presence of royal ty I n 1 8 04 George

.

III dro ve over u nexpectedly f rom Windsor (Thornton, p

. a nd, vi si ti ng Lo rd
.

North wick,complimented him on the bea uty of his grounds and the loveliness of
his view .

C HURC H H I LL
I n th e middle of las t century all th e grou nd f rom th e Grove between th e u pper
and lower roads as f ar as oppos i te th e Old Sc hoo ls f ormed th e H angi ng Gard en
belonging to th e rectory at th e Grove Ju st opposi te th e V i carage was a smal l
.

sh o p, and there w ere also one or two s ma ll shops l ower do wn, f ac i n what is now
g
th e west f ron t of th e chapel Towards the cl ose of th e century houses began to
.

s ring u th ere, b ut u t o th e year 1 8 45 th e on ly buil di ngs whic h exis ted between

p p p
th e sc h oo l and th e cha pel were Ar mstr ong H ous e,exactly oppos i te th e school gates, -

a s ma ll cotta ge adj oi ning it h igh er u th e hill , an d I v H ou se , bu il t on the s id e of

p y
th e stee p hill over lookin g th e present Speec h room steps, where th e new wing of
-

th e large house n o w stands . I vy H ouse, more pictures qu e than comf orta ble, was
inha bited f or many yea rs by vari o us mas ters, an d was pu lled do wn in 1 8 7 8 to make
roo m f or th e n ew wi ng of th e large house Th e l i ttle cottage, which fill ed pa r t of
.

th e spac e between I vy H ouse and Ar m stro ng House,was f or som e years th e res idence
o f th e sch oo l C us tos ; it af te rwar ds f orm ed th e n uc l eus of th e present l arge house .

I t consisted o f wha t is n o w th e hou se library, f ormerly th e din ing ha ll,the windows

-

o f whi ch are a lmost u nder Ch urc h Hill roa d , and of one or t wo stori es a bove . S oon
a f ter Dr V au gha n s arri va l , when nu mbers were ra pidly increas i ng, M r Mi dd l emist
’
. .

”
d ou bl ed th e house towards th e eas t, and later on ad ded th e pri vate s ide, the
e xt en t of whi c h is c learly seen f r o m th e road bel ow Finally, th e new wi ng next
.

to th e Speec h roo m was bu il t by Mr C ru iks han k on th e si te of I vy H ouse in 1 8 79

-
.

a n d 1 8 8 0 ; a nd n othi ng, per ha ps , shows m ore glar i ngly th e di f f erent concepti on

held now and f ormerly of wha t schoolboys requ ire, than th e contrast between th e
present ai ry and beautif u lly proportioned dini ng ha ll and the ol d one, ha l f under
- -

ground, which received no su n and very little light .

Three of the most interes ting of th e ol d members of th e house were Capta in

Burnaby ; the Right H on Ed war d Stanhope, wh o was at vari ous times Secretary
.

f or India, and Sec retary f or W a r ; and General Ear l e, wh o was kill ed in Egypt .

BYRON H OUS E
Byron H ouse, whi ch in old times seems to have been ca lled Pond House, f rom
its pro ximi ty to th e ol d Harrow pon d ( the nam e Byron H ouse can not b e traced
back f arther tha n was bui l t at an u nk no wn date by Tho mas Br ian, c l erk .

As we know that bef ore 1 7 8 9 there were at l eas t six di f f eren t occupi ers of th e hou se,
we are ta ken back f or th e date of its erec ti on to th e early part of th e eighteenth
century ; and as th e headmas ter of th e sc h oo l f ro m 1 69 1 to 1 7 3 0 was na m ed Th omas

Brian , we can hardly doubt that h e was th e bu ilder of th is , one of the o ldes t houses
in H arrow,an d th i s suppos i ti on is strengt hened by th e f act that one, at l eas t, of his
sons took u his res idence in H arrow T h e h ou se, th en, ma
y b e said to b e a con
p .
52 H AR R OW SCHOOL
nec tin
g li n k between us and Thomas Brian , wh o was e lected h ea dm as te r m ore than

two h un dred years ago Perhaps f ew houses have c ha nged hands so Of ten Th e
. .

nam es Of its occu pi ers d uri ng th e first f e w years Of th e presen t cen tu ry are n u m ero u s ,

th e na me Of Dru ry a ppea ri ng amongs t others ; b u t af ter bei ng in th e poss ess i on

f or a short time Of M r Edwards , one Of th e mas ters , in 1 8 28 it was o pened as a
.

s mal l house by M r Phelp s, wh o d urin g th e next th ree yea rs h ad a bou t a d ozen

.

boys as boarders Though h is numbers were s mall , they were evidently select, f or
.

we n oti ce am ongs t other nam es those Of S ir H enry A c l and , R egi u s Pro f essor O f
Medi cine a t Ox f ord ; Genera l Lo rd Mark Kerr ; John Godl ey, to whom there is a
mem oria l brass in th e chapel ; and th e sixth Du k e Of Gra f ton W hen M r Phelps . .

migrated to th e Park, no mas ter seems to have ta ken th e house, b u t it beca me a

pri vate re s idence till 1 8 49 I n that year it was opened again as a boa rding hou se
.
-

by M r E H Va ughan, wh o remained there f or five yea rs , and then gave u p th e

. . .

house to M r A G Wats on, wh o was there till 1 8 67 I n 1 8 67 th e Knoll was

. . . .

Opened by Mr Bos wor th Smi th as a s mall hou se, and Byron H ouse aga in cl osed ;
.

lu ckily, perhaps , f or th e plac e, as in 1 8 68 M r Matthew A rnold, loo king a bou t f or .

a res id en ce a t H ar row, f ou nd Byron H o u se empty , an d bei ng mu c h pleas ed wi th

'

”
th e O ld coun trified , Middl ese x look Of th e hous e, too k it, an d rem ai ned there till
1 8 73 .H is coming to Harro w was na turally Of grea t i n tere s t to th e plac e, and thi s
interest was i ncre as ed by th e f ac t that H R H the Du ke Of Genoa, bro ther Of th e
. . .

Qu ee n of Italy, was entrus ted to his charge whils t he was a m ember Of the schoo l
f rom 1 8 69 to 1 8 7 1 I t seldo m ha ppens tha t a H arr ow b oy ref u ses a royal crown ,
.

b u t th e D u k e Of Ge noa, whil s t an i nma te o f Byron H ouse, ref used , on l st Jan u ary

1 8 7 0 , th e cr own o f Spai n, whi c h h ad bee n Of f ered to him by a maj ori ty Of th e
Cor tes on 3 t d October 1 8 69 Byron H ou se was aga in reopened as a sma ll house
.

by M r Hallam in 1 8 8 0 , and h e was succeeded by M r Gillia t in 1 8 8 7

. . .

WEST A C RE , E TC .

A mongst other h ouses opened soon af t er th e comi ng of Dr Va ughan was Wes t .

A cre On its s ite origin all y stood two se mi detac hed villas , wh i ch, in 1 8 47 , were
.
-

turned i nto a boardi ng house by th e R ev G T Wa rner

-
Th e hou se was at firs t
. . . .

pop ularly known as Warner s long range thi s ni cknam e it owed to its long,
’

l ow a ppearance , and to th e f ac t tha t a bou t that ti me a Ca pta i n Warner made

himself cons picu ou s by Off ering to success i ve Ca bi nets a secret f or des troyi ng ships
Of an enemy at l ong di sta nces Thi s house has been twi ce large ly added to by
.

M r S togd on
. .

house, Opened abou t the same tim e by M r Keary ,was that opposi te to
A nother .

th e Par k gates B u t in bu ildi ng no considerati on was ta ken Of rights as to

.

“lights ” abo ut whi ch there arose a seri ous dis pu te between M r Keary and his
, .

next d oor neighbour to th e so u th , M r M ar il lier

-
I n c onsequ ence Of this , al l th e
. .

win dows on the sou th s ide h ad to b e bloc ked up (as is vi s ibl e now), wi th th e
ex cepti on Of one, f or permiss i on to keep whi c h open a c ons idera ti on Of one shilli ng

was to b e pa id to th e own er next d oor every year .

M r Keary had six or eight boys in th e sm aller or northern porti on of th e house,

.
 THE HOUSES 53

wh ilst th e h part remained u ntena nted owing to th e cur i ou s dispute a bou t th e

s ou t

wi ndo ws I n th e ear ly part Of 1 8 52 M r Keary f ell ill an d soon di ed , and M r

. . .

Westcott, now Bishop Of Du rham, wh o h ad c ome to Harrow as his su bstitute, was

a ppo in ted to his place, a nd rema i ned in th e hou se till 1 8 54, when h e mo ved to th e

Butts Meanwhil e, in 1 8 53 , M r Bradby had a ltered and opened th e sou th porti on

. .

of th e h ous e f or six teen boy s, an d in 1 8 64 h e ad d ed to thi s the n orth p ortion, so

“ ”
making a large hous e ; wh il st M r Farrar , now Dea n of Canterbury, wh o was .

e victed f or this , su ccee ded M r H o lmes, next door , in th e house whi ch h as lately
.

been converted i nto shops .

When, f our years later, M r Bradby was elected headmas ter of Haileybury,
.

h e was su cceed ed by M r A G Watson, u nder whom, f rom 1 8 68 to 1 8 9 1 ,th e house

. . .

a cq u i red a Th emistoc l ea n repu ta ti on, f or every oth er house cl assed it as the second

best af ter itself A mongst its members have been General S ir Re dvers Henry
.

B ul ler,V C Sir Frank Lascelles ,A mbassador at Ber li n ; th e Bishop of Winchester,

. .

and Ca non Charl es Gore .

A mongst more recen t hous es, th e big house a t th e top Of Grove Hill was bu il t
by M r R endal l in 1 8 53 on th e site Of an Old po nd, John A ddington Symonds
'

bei ng one Of th e first boarders, and soon af terwards Dr Vau ghan bui l t th e two .

s ma ll h ou ses adj o in i ng it I n 1 8 64 M r Haywar d bu ilt Gar la nds , th e sm a ll hous e

. .

lowest down in Peterborough R oad ; and su bsequ ently M r Bosworth Smith .

”
built Th e Knoll , which was at firs t a small hou se, b u t was converted i nto a
l arge hou se a f ew yea rs later I n 1 8 7 0 M r R enda ll beca m e th e owner of a second
. .

hou se by bu ilding Hillside j u st to th e east Of his own garden ; and finally, during
,

M r W ell don s hea d mas ters hip, M r Marsha ll bu ilt Newlands in th e Park in 1 8 8 9 ,
.
’
.

a nd M r Da vidson tra n sf erred , in 1 8 9 3 th e i n mates and tradi ti ons o f M r Wa tson s

’
.
, .

house to his new res idence on Gro ve Hill .

Su ch is th e history Of th e maj ori ty Of th e houses Public Opini on h as changed .

in th e las t cen tury a bou t f ew thi ngs m ore than a bou t th e necess i ty of light an d air
to gro wi ng schoo lboy s Th e meete and conven i ent roo ms O f a hu ndred years
.

a o w ou ld har dl y b e term ed so no w T h demand f or s i ngl e room s h as bec om e so

g e .

l ou d that wi thi n th e las t f ew years most Of th e ol d houses have added on stori es or

wi ngs to su pply that want ; an d where, till a sh ort while ago, t wo or three boy s
were cro wded together, now one o wner reigns s u preme A gai n , wi thin th e l as t f ew .

years nea rly every house has been s upplied with th e el ectric light, so that th e air Of
th e roo ms on l ong wi nter even ings is no longer vi ti ated by gas .

I t h as been di f ficu lt to keep thi s art ic l e withi n boun ds There is so mu ch that .

might b e said, and a grea t deal h as h ad to b e o mi tted E ven as it is, it may .

a ppear to a rea der wh o is not an H arrovi an so m ewhat dis proporti on a te to d well ,even

so f u lly as thi s,on th e hi story of th e vari ou s h o uses ; b u t in th e s ch ool , as we kn o w

it, th e house m us t a l ways play t he mos t impo rta nt part in a boy s lif e H is f ea ts
’
.

d pran ks an d f riends hips are indissol ubly connected wi th it I t is the first place .

h e sees, and th e l as t h e l ea ves ; an d when h e re vis i ts h is sc hoo l in l ater years, there

is n o corner Of it more i nterest i ng to him th an h is O ld room .

E M B UTLE R . . .
 C H A P T E R VI

E AR LY H E A D M A S TE R S

WH EN I was as ked to wri te a chapter on th e records Of early headmasters, I

immediately thought Of th e f amous seventy second chapter Of H orrebo w s N atur a l
-
’

f
H is tory o I cela nd , per h a p s th e s h o rt es t and m o s t di sa pp o i n ti ng c ha pt er ever

wri tten I t runs

.

CON CE R N IN G S NA KE S .

”
There are no snakes to be met wi th throughou t th e whole is land .

I do not mean to say that there were never any ear ly hea dmas ters Of Harrow,
b u t tha t thei r record s are so slight that thei r history mus t O f necess i ty prove
sc rappy and u ni n teres ti ng .

A nd here l et me record my i ndebtedness to th e man y f ri ends wh o have su pplied

materia l f or thi s chapter, s pecially to M r J W Clar k,R egistrary of th e Universi ty
. . .

Of Ca mbri dge , f or his notes on su ch Of th e head mas ters wh o were members Of h is

Un iversity ; nor mu st I omit to tender spec ial thanks to th ose wh o have u ndertaken
th e irksome labour of a f r u itless search .

1 61 1 A NTHON Y R ATE died

. Of ou r firs t hea dmas ter no w in d remains, excep t
.

th e entry in th e pari sh regi ster rec or di ng his bu ri al This entry runs : Buried, .

A nthony Ra te ( f orm erly ) schoolmas ter at Fl amba rds (a f terwards ) el ected schoo l
”
master f or th e f re e l
s ch o e .

I f h e was rea lly th e firs t headmas ter of Lyon s sc hool (and there is no reas on to
’

dou bt it) , we ca n fix the date Of his appointment by ref ere nce to th e clause in John
Lyon s statutes, which orders that th e first schoolmas ter sha ll be chosen by th e
’

Governors withi n six months Of th e dea th of either himsel f or h is wi f e, whichever

sur vi ved th e other Johan Lyon outlived her hu sband and died in A u gust 1 60 8 ,
1
.

so A nth ony R a te m ust h a ve been appo i nted wi thi n six m onth s O f that da te .

Flambards was the name Of the house and estate owned at that ti me by
Willia m Gerard, th e f riend Of Lyon , by whom he was appointed one Of th e firs t
Governors Of h is new f ou ndation Whether Willia m Gerard a llowed a school to
.

b e held in h is house f or th e benefit Of th e pa ri sh, or whether R a te was a pri va te

tu tor in th e Gerard f a mily , we have no mea n s Of de termi ni ng, b u t thi s m uch is

Th
1 m i w itt n ind ifi ntl y
e na e s r J hn dJ
e
'

er e as o a an oan .
 EAR LY HEADMASTER S 55

certa n, t i
hat Anthony Ra te was headmaster of the school of John Lyon seven years
bef ore the present school was bu ilt, f or the schoolhouse was not opened un til 1 61 5 .

Anthony R ate was su cc eeded by BR AD LE Y, pro bably appo inted on th e death Of

his pre decess or W e find f rom the G overnors ac counts that, in 1 61 4,eight poun ds
.
’

”
was pa id to M r Bradl ey, th e sch oo lmas ter , f or two years
. Four poun ds a year .

does not sou nd a magni ficent sal ary in these days A Thomas Bradley of Tr inity .

Co l lege, Cambridge, took the degree of R A in 1 603 an d M A in 1 60 7 it is j ust . . .

possible that this is the same man, b ut th e en try in th e accounts is the only
a uthentic record of hi m that I h a ve f ou n d Th e schoo lh ouse was n ow be ing bu il t, .

so h e pro ba bly used th e sa me bu il din as h is p redecessor , wherever that ma ha ve

g y

Wh a t beca me Bradl ey we ca nnot say H is reign was a short one, f or in

Of Mr . .

1 61 5 h e was succeeded by WI LLI AM LA N CE , M A , th e first headm aster whose . .

appo in tm en t is re is te red in th e Govem ors O rder b oo k Lance s electi on coi ncides

’ ’
l
g
-
.

wi th the open ing of the schoolh ouse, so h is name head s th e long lis t Of headmas ters
wh o h ave used,and s till use,th e Fou rth For m roo m f or var i ous pu rposes There is .

a mystery abou t M r Lance N ot on ly is h is na me spelt indiff erently as Lance,

. .

Launce, and L aunse, b ut although he is registered as M A h is na me does not ,

appear am ong th e grad u ates of ei ther Oxf ord or Ca mbridge, b ut thi s is pro ba bly

d u e to an omiss i on in th e registe r .

On h is res ignation in 1 62 1 h e too k a London cure, th e Churc h Of S t Michael s,

’
.

Querne,and was private cha pla in to Lord North,f rom whom h e received in ad dition
th e vi carage Of Harrow Those were troublous times f or the c lergy ; it is
pro ba ble th at M r Lance was ej ecte d f rom his Harrow vica rage in 1 645, and it is
.

certa in tha t h e was tur ned ou t of his Lon do n ch urc h a t a bou t th e same tim e
2
.

H e was su ccee ded in 1 62 1 by RORERT W H rr rLE , wh o bel onged to Emmanuel

Col lege, Cambridge (R A 1 61 7 , M A . During his re ign we co me across the
. .

firs t Of th e l ong li ne Of benef actors wh o have helped , and s till help, th e school .

John Page, a Governor, lef t by will twenty pounds to th e school, which was
ac k n owledged by th e G over nors in 1 628 Whi ttle resigned h is Of fice in 1 628 , and .

was f o l l owed by WI LLI A M H I DE , perha ps th e Will ia m Hide, or Hyde, o f Jes us

Co llege, Cambridge, wh o took h is B A in 1 61 6, and M A in 1 620 . . . . .

Up to this time it appears that th e hea dmaster and th e ush er l ived in th e roo ms
provided f or them in the school bu ildings over the Fourth Form room But Hide .

did not approve of this ar range ment ( which , cons idering th e accommodation, was
not surpris ing),s o h e too k a h ouse in th e to wn on l ease f rom th e Gover nors

Here we have the first intimation Of a head mas ter s house, and it is probable that ’

it occu pied th e si te Of th e present h ou se .

William Hide resigned in 1 661 , b u t conti nued to occupy his house, so that his
s uccessors f or three en erati ons h ad to li ve e l sewh ere I n 1 68 5 th e h ouse a ai n
g g .

1
Th e first record e d hl sc o ar Of Harrow sc h lwoo as M ach arie W il dbl ud , th e son of H um ph ey
r

W il db l ud, vicar Of Harrow, th e date of his en r e ng 1 61 5 t y b i .

R ev W Done B us h el l , H arrow Octocente na ry Tracts , N O ix 1897

“ ent
. . . . .

3 I t is wort hy f O n ote h
t at in th e l eas e Mr H i . d e is d ib d
esc r e as g , h h di p
w ic s oses of

th e common id th
ea at th e h ead masters were a lw ya s in h ly d
o or ers .
56 H AR R OW SCHOOL
ca me into th e hands Of the then headmaster ( Bolton), whose su ccessors have
co nti nuou s ly occu pied th e same s ite ever s in ce .

Hide was su cceeded in 1 661 by TH OMA s JONsON , M A As the name is . .

extreme ly co mm o n, it is imposs ible to id enti f y this partic ul ar Th o mas Jonson, or

Johnson,among th e number that took their degrees about thi s time ; b u t it is qui te
possible that h e may have been the same Thom as Jonson Of Trini ty, Cambridge,
whom th e Governors had el ected as one Of their Uni versity sc hol ars in 1 652 Th e .

holding of s uc h a sch olarsh ip by no mean s implies that th e holder was an Harrovi an .

If there was n o member Of th e schoo l in a posi ti on to ta ke th e sc h olarship, the

Governors were at l iberty to elect wh om they pleased .

Jonson s depa rture f ro m Harrow was mysteriou s H is of fice was declare d

’
.

vacant beca use h e went sudden ly to Linco ln on the Monday f o llowing N ov 2 , .

I t is true that h is d epart ure was not wh olly u n l ooked f or , as h e h ad

”
announced hi s s pee dy rem oval a t a G overnors m eeti ng held a f o rtn ight bef ore the
‘

af oresa id 2nd N ovember . The Governors ac cepted h is res igna tio n ( they h ad no
choi ce) , b ut it is c l ear f ro m th e wordi ng Of thei r M i nu tes tha t they re gard ed a f ort

n ight as ex tremely sca nt notice What too k him to Linco ln I ca nn ot guess ; the
.

Chancellor of the di ocese has been m ost kind in endeavour i ng to trac e th e truant
head mas ter, b ut withou t ef f ect .

”
Th e vaca ncy was fill ed ( 1 668 ) by TH OMA s MA RTI N of C C in O xf ord . .

Probably Thomas Marti n of Chris t Ch urch,R A 1 657 58 ,M A 1 660 , incorporated

.
-
. .

a t Ca mbridge 1 664, R D 1 669 . Martin was not a success H e reigned about six
. .

m onths, and was deposed by th e Governors under a statu te of the Founder, which
ena bles ( or ena bl ed ) them to re move a h ea dm as ter wi thi n h a l f a year of his
a ppoin tm ent, if they f oun d ca u se Of compl ain t agai ns t him Th e prec i se cha rge .

on which th e Governors bas ed thei r ac ti on is not s ta ted in th e Or der boo k -

.

Marti n s place was filled by th e election Of WI LLIA M H O RN E

’
th e first of
th e m any illustri ous headm as ters that Harrow o wes to E ton ; and l ike one O f his ,

su ccessors , a con nect i ng lin k between Harro w a nd l \ rnb rid e Sc hoo l H is f ath er
'

g .

passed f ro m the headmas tership of Tunbridge to that Of Eton , where W illiam '

Hom e was appointed under mas ter afier taking h is degree f rom King s College,
-
’

Cambridge, of which society h e was elected Fellow .

H is a ppo in tment at H arrow was th e ca use Of an i mporta nt c hange in th e

sta tu tes Of th e sc hool . John Lyon h ad decreed that his mas ters were to b e s ingle
men,and th e new headmas te r wanted to marry ; shou ld h e persi st in h is i ntenti on ,
h e m ust ei ther resign h is newly ac qu i red Of fice, or the sta tu te m us t b e al tered
-
.

Happily f or himself and f or h is successors,th e Governors took the la tter course,and

( to q u ote t h e Sta tu te
-
b oo k ) h avi ng by l o n g e xper i en ce p rov ed th e ru le to b e ve ry
”
inconvenient, abolished it in th e case of th e mas te r .

I t may be Of i nterest here to trac e th e su bseq uen t history Of th e marriage

sta tu te. I t loo ks as if th e Go vernors were not sa tis fied tha t th ey h ad power to
make so violent a change in the Founder s sta tutes, as we find that they sol emnl y
’

confirmed th e a ltered sta tu te on th ree s u bse u ent occas ions , so tha t th ere might be
q
no dou bt abou t the i r i ntenti on Th i rty years afizer the al terati on Of th e rul e, we
.

find a ratification of th e al terati on ( 1 69 9 ) ente red in th e Statu te boo k , wi th a -

 EAR LY HEADMA STERS 57

preamble sta ting that af ter thi rty years experience they had every reas on to be
’

sati sfied wi th th e c hange, an d ex tending th e ben efit of th e ord er to th e then h ead

mas ter, M r Bryan Three years later, on M r Bryan s demanding l eave to mar ry
. . .
’

a secon d time, th e Go vern ors i nf orm him that we are of Opin i on tha t h e ha d, by
”
vir tu e Of th e first license, no occas ion to req u es t th e second f avour , i e their . .

l eave was not req ired In 1 7 22 th e ord er is again confirmed in d ue f orm , and th e
.

privil ege Of marri age extended to the usher In 1 7 8 5 a minority Of th e Governors

.

questioned th e va lidity of Dr Drury s election ,on th e grou nd of his being a married

.
’

man, and took th e opin i on Of th e Attom ey General , wh o s upported them on th e -

eviden ce bef ore him, whi ch a ppears to ha ve been m erely th e Fou nder s statu tes
’
.

Th e maj ority simply ignored the protest and th e counse l s o pin i on, and Dr Drury ’
.

was install ed with ou t f ur ther q uesti on L as tly,in 1 8 1 8 , Dr Geo rge B utler appli ed
. .

f o r l eave to marry,and the origi na l statute was agai n f or th e f ou rth ti me resci nded ,
b u t withou t any mention of th e previ ous repea l s I t is possible that Dr G Butler
. . .

made this f ormal a pplica tion in view Of the f a mous Chancery sui t then i mpendi ng,
and to ena ble th e Go vernors to correct what was perhaps an overs ight in th e three

previous repeals The al teration had never hi therto been recorded a mong the
.

Governors Minutes ; it had on each occasion been entered in th e Statute book onl y
’
-
.

Th e answer to Dr Butler s request is embodi ed in th e Order book

’
-
. .

B ut to retur n to M r H om e .Th e qu est i on of h is marriage ha vi ng been settl ed ,

.

his next care was to find a house In thi s h e e xperienced gre a t di f ficu l ty, f or th e
.

on ly good h ouse be l on i ng to th e G overnors was st ill in th e occu pati on of his

g
reti re d pred ecessor , M r Hid e, wh ose l eas e h ad s till th ree years to run
. A ccord .

ingly, th e head m as ter h ad to li ve where h e cou ld ; and very poor th e ac commod a

ti on seemed to have been, f or in 1 67 0 7 1 we find th e Governors voti ng money f or
-

”
the use of th e head mas ter f or th e bette r ac comm od ati on o f his presen t ha bi tation,
”
as both h e and his boarders were suf f eri ng cold .

Thi s last q u otation f ro m th e Ord er boo k sho ws th at th e f oreigner e l em ent

-

was now Of so m e i mportance A nd here it is worthy o f remar k tha t th e first

.

f oreigner Of whom we ha ve any definite i n f ormati on h ad j oi ned th e schoo l a

sho rt time bef ore thi s da te Willia m Baxter, a well known sc holar of his day,
.
-

came to H arro w a bou t th e yea r 1 668 H e was born in Shropshi re, and h as l ef t it
.

on record tha t wh en h e ca me to H arrow h e cou ld not spea k E n lis h , Wels h bei ng

g
his native to ngu e .

I n th e f o llowi ng year ( 1 67 2) th e Go ver nors cas t about f or a h ou se f or th e

”
head master, and af ter deplori ng that h e is enf orced to hire a house in th e town,
they end by voti ng him ten p ounds ann u all y towards h is ren t As M r H ide s
’
. .

lease exp ired abou t th is time, it is dif ficul t to see why th e Governors did not
i ns ta l the head mas ter in their own house ; b u t f or some u nk nown re as on they
pref erred to a llow M r Hide to continu e h is occu pa ti on as a year ly tenant,
.

whil e M r H orne had to shifl: f or hi msel f

. Thi s condition Of things continu ed
.

f or the next f ou r teen years , u ntil th e appointmen t Of th e nex t head mas ter .

In 1 68 0 a piece Of l and adj oini ng th e schoo lyard was purc has ed f or th e Seb o llet a ’

recre a ti on th e first of th ose benef ac t ions toward th e out Of sc hool li f e a t H arrow, - -

the list Of which s ti l l grows f rom year to year .

58 HAR R OW SCHOOL
I n 1 68 5 M r H orne died H e h ad bec o me so f ar i nca pac itated by bad hea lth
. .

tha t th e G over nors had in vited h im to res ign his post H e di ed bef ore his res igna .

ti on became du e, and was s ucceeded by W I L LI AM BO LTON , M A second . .

mas ter Of the Charterhouse,of which f ou ndati on h e had bee n a scho lar Bo lton .

was a member Of both Un i vers i ti es , bei ng B A Of S t John s C ollege, Oxf o rd and

’
. . .
,

R A and M A (b y i ncorporation) Of King s C o llege, C a mbridge H e was re c tor Of

’
. . . .

Dunsby in Lincolnshire H e died at Harrow . and was there b u ri ed

“ in
”
wool , in accordance with th e Act in that case mad e and pro vided On M r Bol ton s
’
. .

a ppoi ntment the q uesti o n o f th e hea dm as ter s house was fina lly sett l ed M r Hide
’
. .

was still in occu pa ti on of th e Go vernors house, b u t there was no a lternati ve b u t to

’

turn him ou t ; u ntil h e wen t, M r Bo lton mus t d o as h is pred ecessors did , take his
.

ten pound s and ma ke th e best Of th e s i tuati on B u t th e a ged M r Hide was not . .

ea s y to move Th e Go vernors were vague abou t the l aw of notice to qu i t, and

.

ma de mi stakes b u t u l ti mately h e ma de way ( perha ps h e di ed ; h e mu s t h ave been

,

Of a grea t a e) , and in 1 68 6 th e ho use was u t i n to th oro u gh repa i r , and th e h ea d

g p
master aga in to ok po ssessi on Of a s ite whi c h h as been held by h is su c cessors f or
more than two hun dred years .

Bolton was the first hea dmas ter wh o was a ls o a li terary man Tru e, his con .

trib utions to lite ra tur e were Of no grea t i mpor tance, b u t there they are, and

Ab k b k , lth gh th e th i g in t
’ ’ ’
oo s a oo a ou r e s no n .

He pu blished twomons ( 1 68 3
ser both o verflowing wi th loya lty to th e H ou se
Of Stu art, and a seriO c omi c Lati n poe m u po n a l a u re l l ea f
-
I t appears that
th e au thor h ad been recom men ded to ma ke use Of l aure l l ea ves as a c u re f or
rheu mati s m . A s th e trea tm ent was ef ficac ious , it is a pi ty tha t h e has o mitted to
s pec i f y h o w th e l au rel lea ves were to be us ed , whether f or i nter na l or extern a l

a ppli ca ti on
. Ho wever, at the requ est Of Lad y Ge rard O f Harro w, h e celebrated
h is cu re in Latin verse There is a copy Of thi s extremely rare pa mphlet in th e
.

Vau ghan Library .

On Bol ton s death , th e Go vernors h ad re c ou rse to Ki ng C o llege and Eton ( as

’ ’
s

they ha ve don e both bef ore a nd since),and a ppoi nted THOM A S BR YA N ,or B R I A N ,M A . .

Fellow Of King s, and mas ter of Ki ng s Co llege sc hoo l H is ca ndidature

’ ’
.

was bac k ed by a strong l etter f rom th e provost of Ki ng s (R od eri ck ) , wh o remi nded

’

th e G overnors tha t th e sc hoo l h ad a l ready pro spered grea tly u nder th e r ul e of a

headmas te r of Eton ed uca tion ( Hom e) Under Bryan s ru le, the nu mber of .
’

f oreigners ( i e b o.a r.ders ) i n creas ed s o grea tly th a t a t l en gt h , af te r se ver al

s q ua bbl es between th e h ead m as ter and th e u s her ( wh o , wi th th e wr i ti ng mas ter, -

co nsti tu ted th e who l e sta f f ) , th e Go vern ors ga ve a d efin i te ruli ng as to th e di vi s i o n

O f au th o ri ty , wor k , and pa y .

Th e head m as ter was to ha ve co mpl ete contr ol Of th e course of studies pu rsued

th roughou t th e school , and was to recei ve all th e en tra nce f ees , as well as three
”
quarters Of th e f ees deri ved f ro m th e teac hing of f oreigners ; the remaini ng
qu arter to go to the us her, wh o at the same time re cei ved a r ise Of ten pou nds a
year in his stipend, whic h hi therto stood at th e magnificent figure Of £1 3 : 6 : 8
er an nu m , and his f uel M oreo ver , th e headm as ter was at liberty to engage an
p .
 EAR LY HEADMA STE R S 59

i
ass stant a t ( xp eh is
n se), own e
b u t th e said a s s i s tant sh all n ot ha v e th e p o wer O f
”
th e rod Here we ha ve the beginni ng of the as s is tant masters wi th their l imited
.

power Of pu nis hment I t is worthy of note that the us her, or u nder mas ter as he
.
-

was af terwards call ed, held th e power Of th e rod in th e ab wnce Of th e head

master 4 privilege he enj oyed until the abolition of th e Of fice in mod ern ti mes
-
.

I n 1 7 25 th e f oll owi ng ad vertisement appeared in th e Whiteha ll E vening P os t

f or Tu esday, 6th A pril , whic h, a par t f ro m its histori c i nterest, d eser ves to b e tran
scr ibed as a mo nu ment Of in vol ved gra mm ar

Whereas th e Sch oo l H ouse at Harrow on th e Hill in th e Co unty of Middl esex

was bro ken open between l as t Sa turday Night and Monday M orni ng, and in a
Chamber over th e Sc hool ca lled the Governors R oom , was a strong Oaken Ch est ’

with Iron Pl ates, wherein th e Money and Writings belonging to the Corporation
are u su a lly k ept ; b u t bei ng un a bl e to f orce o pen th e three severa l Loc k s,they sa wd

ou t a Piece Of Woo d at eac h E nd Of th e Ches t, a nd an oth er a t th e To , su f ficien t

p
on ly to u t in thei r h a nds ,b u t co u l d co me a t n othing Of Va l u e to ta ke a way ,except
p
th e Sea l of th e Corpora ti on, whi ch is a Li on R ampa nt cu t deep in Sil ver , wi th a
Motto round it, about th e bigness of a H alf Crown an d fixed to a large Ivory -
,

Handl e ; this is to give Notice, that if any Person or Persons shall disc over,ap pre
hend and co nvict any Person or Pers ons concerned in th e sa id Fel ony, h e or they
s ha l l re cei ve th e reward of £1 0 to b e pa id by the R ev M r Bri an ,M as ter Of th e sa id . .

”
Schoo l , u pon h is or their Convic tion .

Bryan died in 1 7 3 0 , and was su cceeded by th e R e v JA M E S CoxE , th e us her, .

whose va ca n t place was filled by th e elec ti on Of th e vi car of Harro w, th e R ev .

Francis Saunders Coxe (or Cox ) was an Oxf ord man f rom Merton College (B A
. .

1 7 1 3 , M A 1 7 1 6, R D and D D
. . . A s well as h is Of fice of us her he held th e
. .
,

curacy Of Pin ner ( then part of H arrow pari sh) an d a l ec tu res hip in Londo n, whi ch

latte r h e had to re sign on h is electi on to th e headmas tership .

I f ear there is little good to be sa id Of Coxe A lthough we may ta ke f or .

grante d that h e was a steady and respecta bl e man when h e was appo inted, f or h e
mus t ha ve been well kn own to th e Governors , having been u sher since 1 7 22 , yet
af ter his electi on h e seem s to ha ve gone steadily to th e bad ,dragging th e sch oo l wi th

him Not only did the f oreigners f all Of f sadly, b ut su ch was his repu tati on
.

that even th e f ree sc hol ars f ell f ro m thei r norma l f orty to f ou rteen , and it was onl y
a f t er two vi s itati o ns O f th e Go ver no rs that they cou ld be whipped u to th e n u mber
p
of thirty th ree Things went steadily down h ill u ntil , in 1 7 46, Coxe a bsconded
-
.

”
u pon ac co unt Of h is great extravaga nces , ha vi ng been l ead i ng, f or a great while
”
past, a di sorderly , dru nken, idle lif e .

Much of Bryan s go od work had been des troyed by his su cces sor The new
’
.

head mas ter mus t b e one ca pa ble Of repa iring what was broken, and Of carrying on
th e sc hool in th e pa th of s uccess m ark ed o ut by that emi nent E tonian A ccord .

ingl y, it was to E ton and Ki ng s tha t the Govern ors agai n tu rned
’
.

TH OM A S TH Ac R AY,D D ed u ca ted a t E ton ,then sc hol ar and Fell ow o f

. .

Ki ng s Co ll ege, passed f rom Cambridge back to Eton as ass is tant mas ter dur ing th e
’

s tormy da ys o f S nap e s hea dmas ters hip , a vi o l ently po lemi ca l High Chu rc hm an , in
’

th e sense whi ch th e epi thet bore in those days Thackeray so on f ound that h e
.
60 H AR R OW SCHOOL
di f f ered so strongly f rom h is head on religious and po litica l qu es ti ons that it was
impossible f or him to reta in h is mas tership, which h e a ccordingly resigned I n .

1 7 28 h e beca me rector O f H eyden and Ch i s ha ll Par va in Essex ; in 1 7 43 h e stood

f or th e provosts hip Of King s Col lege, whic h he j u st mi ssed Three years later h e
’
.

was e lected to th e headmas tership Of H arrow, a post h e occu pied f or f ou rtee n yea rs .

H e res igned in 1 7 60 , and di ed immed iately a f terwar ds Mean while, his re signati on .

O f h is E ton m as ters hip h ad not been f orgotten I n 1 7 53 Bis hop H oad ley , the .

great anta goni st Of Dr S naps , pre s ented Thackeray with th e A rchdeac onry of
.

S urrey, an Of fice which he held conj Ointly with his head mas tership , and un til his
death .

”
Dr Thac keray h as been ca lled th e seco nd f ou n der Of H arro w, b u t I am n ot
.

su re if th e ph ras e wo u ld n ot a pply wi th grea ter j us ti ce to M r Brya n , in wh ose .

f oots teps Dr Thackeray so cl osely tro d

. B u t b e tha t as it may, there is no dou bt .

tha t th e schoo l fl ou ri shed grea tly u nder his r u l e Hi mse l f an E ton man, h e ca me .

to H a rro w pl edged to th e m ai ntena nce of the E ton sys tem Of ed u ca tion and d is
c i l ine whi ch h ad a lread y been i n trod u ced by M r H om e and deve l o ped by M r
p . .

Bryan Th e nu mbers Of th e schoo l i ncrea sed to 1 3 0 ( ten less than in 1 7 2 1 un der

.
.

M r Bryan) , and it was th ou gh t ad visa bl e that th e u nd er mas ter S hou ld be a ll owed

.
-

an as s i sta nt .

A t thi s d ate we find that th e holid ays consi ste d Of f our week s at Chri stmas , two
a t Eas ter,an d f ou r a t Bar th o l om ewt ide ( end o f A u gu s t a n d begi nn i ng o f S ep te mber ) .

I n 1 7 60 Dr Thac k era y res igned h is m as ters hip, a nd di ed s u dd en ly wi thin th e

.

f o ll owing m onth H e is bu ri ed in th e c hur chyard at H arrow

. Dr Th ac keray was . .

grea t grandf ather Of th e noveli st

-
.

Th e Archd eac on s succe ssor was th e R ev R O BE RT S UM N E R, M A , ass ista nt

’
. . .

mas ter in Eton sc hool Su mner fli ts like a splendid meteo r o ver the
”
hi story Of Harro w, b ut lea ves behind li ttle trace Of h is perso na li ty H is in .
1

fl uen ce on his pu pil s was grea t, as we lear n f rom th e li ves Of S ir Willi am Jones, 2

R B Sheridan , and Dr S Parr th e Grea t H o me while th e Go vern ors

’
. . . .

Min utes bear wi tness to th e fir m hand wi th whi ch he ru led th e school B ut .

th ere ou r kno wl ed ge ceases There is a portra it of h im in th e Vau ghan Library,

.

which was purchased in 1 8 5 2 f ro m a M rs Bro wnrigg, wh o l i ved on th e way d own .

to th e cri ck et groun d,wh o h ad rece i ved it f rom an a u n t wh o ha d been in th e servi ce

-

of th e S u m ner f amily , and h ad been gi ven th e pi cture by M rs S u mn er s broth er

’
. .

—
A nother portra i t exists , as is sho wn by a letter n ow in th e Va ughan Library
f rom th e late Bi shop Su mn er ( a descendan t or connec ti on o f th e hea d m as ter) , b u t
as it is des cr ibed as th e portra i t Of a b o graspi ng a b un, it was tho u gh t that
y
a co py of it wou ld l ook s omewha t ou t Of place am ong th e a ugus t portra i ts Of
reveren d hea d s .

I n 1 7 7 1 Dr S u m ner died su dden ly at th e early age Of f orty one,and was bu ried

.
-

in Harrow c hur ch H is epi taph was wri tten by h is f ri end , pu pil , a nd coll eagu e,
.

Dr Parr, f ro m whose Bi ogra phy near ly al l our s canty kn owled ge Of Dr S u m ner is

. .

l
P Th nt n , H
. or w S h l nd it S
o di g
a rro c oo a s u rrou n n s .

2
A m t b illi nt k t h f D S m
os r a in L tin m y b e f
s ec o d in th e p ef t S i W illi m
r . u n er a a ou n r ac e o r a

J es P c e A i ti C mmenta i m lib i
on
’
s o c os s a cae o r oru r sac .
62 H AR R OW SCHOOL
”
i ndu ce to f o ll ow him, b ut who ,af ter some hes ita tion ,dec ided to stic k to the sh ip .

A nd well f o r us tha t h e did H e was Joseph Drury, wh o af te r war ds su cceeded Dr

. .

Hea th in the head mas tership .

Parr s venture proved a f ail ure ; b u t suppose it h ad bee n the other way
’
.

Su ppose th e schis matic school had prospered , an d th e ol d f oundation dwindled

un til the sch oo l was at S ta nmore i ns tead Of here A H arro w wi th a cri cket fiel d
.
-

on th e to O f a hill, on a ra velly so il
p g

I t is worthy hat through this turmoil th e Go vernors took a highly

Of note t
dignified co urse No where in their Minutes is there th e slightest ref ere n ce to th e
.

re be llion . They had chosen the hea dmas ter, and there was the end Of it Nei ther .

th e sch olars mem orial nor th e destructi o n O f M r B u ckn all s carri age moved them
’ ’
.

in th e slightest .

I n su c h trou bl ous t imes did M r ( af ter ward s Dr ) H ea th co mmence his reign

. . .

I t was well tha t Dr H ea th pos sessed pri vate means as well as a libera l hand
. We .

find that in h is firs t f our years h e expen ded n o less tha n a th ousan d pou n ds on th e
repa i rs of his house Of this su m h e ul timately got bac k two hu ndre d f ro m th e
.

Governors,together with his fire insurance .

During Dr Hea th s ré gime th e sc hoo l , nu mbering about 1 8 0 boys, pre served

.
’

th e even tenor Of its ways N O i nciden t Of s pec ia l i nteres t occur re d ; and if th e

.

nati on is happy tha t h as n o h i s tory , per ha p s th e sa m e is n o less tru e of a S ch ool .

I n 1 7 8 5 Dr H ea th reti red to his rectory Of Wa lkern , havi ng been el ec ted

.

Fellow Of Eton Co llege, and his colleague and brother in l a w, JOS EPH DR URY, - -

reigned in his stead .

B P LAS C E LLE S. . .
 C H A P T E R V II

TH E DRU R Y FA M I LY
TH E first Of th e Drurys d wi th Han o w was the f amous hea d mas ter, wh o
co nn ecte

ru l ed over th e sc h oo l f or twenty y ears , tha t is , f ro m 1 7 8 5 to 1 8 0 5 . H e was born

on 1 1 th February 1 7 50 , and beca me in 1 7 62 a ki ng s sc ho l ar a t Wes tmi ns ter, an d
’

was su bseq uen tly elec ted f ro m Wes tmi nster to Tri ni ty C ol l ege, Ca mbridge, and
wen t in to res idence in 1 7 68 H e was placed u nder th e tu i ti on O f Watson, af ter
.

wards th e well kn own Bi shop of Ll andaf f , f or whose i ns tru cti on h e a l ways exp ressed
-

th e deepest res pec t an d grati tu de, and whos e j u dg ment of D rury s a bili ty and
’

character was th e ca use Of his go i ng to H arro w .For bef ore th e y outh h ad co m

l eted his twent i eth year, Dr S u mner, a t that t im e headmas ter Of H arrow, had
p .

a ppli ed to Dr .Watso n to rec ommend h im so me gentleman Of good talent and

sc h o l ars hip to s u ccee d to a vaca nt as s i s ta ntship in th e sc h oo l . Su ch was th e
stead in ess Of co nd uct and man l i ness Of mind , co mbi ned wi th soun d sch olarship f or

his years , in h is p upil D rury , that Watso n did no t hesi tate to pro pose th e s i tu ati on
to him , a nd recommen d that wha t rem ai ned Of necess ary co ll ege res id ence shoul d
b e kept a t su ch conveni ent i n terva ls as h e cou ld co ntri ve to find f or sh ort peri ods
Of absence f ro m the oc c u pati on on whi c h h e was a bo u t to enter .Th e strong
recomm end a ti on of th e tu tor Of Tr in ity , togeth er wi th th e pu pil s o wn des ire , and
’

the f act tha t his f ather s i n come had beco me less ade qua te tha n bef ore to f urni sh
’

suppl ies f or a li f e in co llege, soon d ec ided hi m to acc ep t th e Of f er, and h e emba rked

on th e wor ld f or hi mse l f a t th is ear ly a e

g .

Under Dr Su mner s mas ters hip a t this ti me th e school was in high re p u te,
.
’

contai ning a bou t 2 50 sc holars , a large p ro porti o n of whom were y ou ths of th e bes t

connecti o n in th e co un try A t thi s t im e ( 1 7 69 ) h e was not a bove thi rty yea rs Of

.

age,a matter whi c h was of so m e i mpor tance to h is y ou ng as s i s tan t, as th e la tter

f ell more eas ily i nto habi ts Of ease an d f amili ari ty wi th a superi or Of tha t ti me Of
lif e than h e pro ba bly migh t have done with a gentleman Of more ad vanced years ;
and he a lways spok e wi th grea t warm th o f f eelin g Of th e advan tages h e recei ved

f rom this speci es Of i nterc ourse wi th a man Of su c h a po werf u l and well stored mind -
.

Af ter th e p re m a ture dea th Of S u m ner in 1 7 7 1 , and th e electi on Of Benj ami n

Heath as his s uccessor , Drury was invited by Dr Parr to accomp an y him to
.

Stanmore, where h e set u p a sch oo l Of his o wn wi th abou t S ixty seced ers f rom
Harrow B u t af ter so me d elibera ti on h e, mos t f or tu nately as it turned out, deter
.
64 H ARR OW SCHOOL
mined to remai n at H arrow Th e circu mstances are described well and at length
.

in JOhns ton e s L if e o D
’

f r P ar r . .

For f ou r teen years , in addi ti on to those pas sed under S u mner, Du n y co nti nu ed '

to ins tru c t with u n i f or m di ligence,j u dgment, and discreti on, to rou se th e i nd ol en ce

Of th e s l uggi sh , to correc t th e tas te a nd con trol th e ex u bera nce Of th e i magin at i ve ,

a nd , b oth by p recep t and a m os t persuas i ve exa mpl e, t o S ow th e seed s Of m o ra l an d

religi ous ex ce ll en ce .

I n 1 7 7 7 M r Dr u ry m arri ed Lo u isa , y ou nges t da ughter of Benj a min H ea th ,

.

O f Exeter, an d s i s ter Of th e h ea d mas ter Of H arr o w .

T0 those wh o are f ond Of loca l as soc i ati ons, it may not be uni nteresting to add
that th e hou se in whi ch M r Drury res ided a f ter h is marri age,u n til h is a ppoin tm ent
.

to th e hea d mas ters hip , was tha t next th e Ki ng s H ea d I n n , a f t er ward s oc cu pi ed by

’

M r Mill s, another ass i sta nt, an d af ter thi s f or many years by M r H ewl e tt, the
. .

greatly esteemed sur geon to th e school .

When, on his el ec ti on to a Fellowship in E ton Col lege in 1 7 8 5, Dr Heath .

determined to res ign th e mas ters hip of H arr ow,th e eyes Of a ll Harrovi ans na turally
f ell on M r Dr ury,and f or th e firs t t ime f or a hu ndred y ears or more it was thou ght
.

qu i te u nnecessary to look to E ton ; nor, ind eed , did there a ppear a ny ca ndida te
f rom th en ce .

M r Dru ry had j us t compl eted his thirty sixth y ear when h e beca me hea d mas ter
.
-
.

H e had been SO c l osely connec ted wi th h is brother in l a w an d p red ecess or in a l l - -

t hei r vi ews rega rding th e stu di es Of th e pl ace, tha t li ttl e or no i mmed i ate c hange
was m ad e in th e sy s tem ; and s uc h improvemen ts as in progress Of ti me s u gges ted
thems e l ves were th e f ru i t Of his own experienc e in th e m anagemen t of boy s .

Dr Drury s su ccess as hea dmas ter was not at firs t re markabl e H e c on ti n u ed

’
. .

f or so me co ns idera ble ti me wi thou t any un usu al degree Of encou ragement b u t wha t

ca m e f rom hi s o wn mi n d and th e O pi n i o ns Of h is most sen sible f ri end s ; b u t bef o re

th e end o f th e century th e s choo l rose, and a tta i ned a d egree Of ce lebri ty a l togeth er
u n known in its prev i ous his tory Th e n u mbers exc eeded 3 50 , and it was cr owded
.

by m embers of the f a milies Of the firs t rank in prof ess ional emin ence and heredita ry
honours and property 1
.

Bu t there were at that ti me d omes ti c reas ons ,pri nc ipa ll y suc h as were connec ted
wi th th e hea l th Of M rs D rury , whi c h m ade h im d etermin e at th e ti me Of his
.

grea tes t success to prepare f or reti remen t, a nd h e fixed th e term Of twenty years
f ro m the per i od Of en terin g on th e du ti es Of th e hea dmas ters hip as th e c l ose of his
labours in ed uca ti on Accordingly , h e vaca ted th e post at th e beginnin g Of the
.

Eas ter holidays in 1 8 0 5 Th e c los ing of th e book Of th e last day s lesson, in las t
.
’

sc hoo l , is sa id to ha ve b een a trying scene,no t on ly to his own f eeli n s ,b u t to t h ose

g
Of a l l th e boys as se mbl ed arou n d him Th ey wou ld hear no more tha t voic e SO f u ll
.

O f warn i ng and enco ur agem ent, those ad mon i tion s in pr i va te s o trul y pa ren tal .

Some years ago, at one Of th e annu al Harrow dinners, Lord Palm erston , in the
co urse Of his s eec h ,to ld his a u di ence tha t,in th e Sixth Form,th e c ha rm Of hear i ng
p
his rebu kes and exhorta tions was a lm ost eno ugh to tempt them to d o wrong .

H e visited H arrow b u t once d uri ng th e remain ing t wenty n i ne years of his lif e -
.

S e p 1 64 1
e . .
 THE DR UR Y FAMILY 65

Th e boys on that occas ion,whi ch occ urred some eighteen mon ths af ter his departure,
loosed th e horses f rom his car ri age and drew him up th e bill, a perf orman ce tha t SO
af f ec ted th e O ld doctor that h e never af ter coul d su mm on cour a e enou h to revi s i t
g g
th e scene .

The name conti nued at Harrow,f or h e had appo i nted h is brother,Mark Drury ,to
an as si sta nt m as tership in 1 8 0 6,and h e eventu a lly beca me un d er m aster ; and Mar k s
’
-

son Willi a m was a l so a ppoi nted an ass is ta nt in 1 8 0 5 They both retired in 1 8 26 . .

Dr Drury s eldest son H enry, educa ted at E ton, and a Fellow Of King s
.
’ 1 ’

Co llege, Cambridge, was appo inte d an as s istant in 1 8 0 1 , beca me under mas ter -

af ter th e dea th Of M r E vans , and di ed in Ma rc h 1 8 4 1

. H is cro wded p u pil roo m -

f or many years bore tes timony to his repu tati on as a ripe scholar ; and th e ef ficacy
Of his i nstr ucti on sho wed its el f in th e u nusuall y f requ ent su c cesses of his p u pi l s in

co mpeti ti ons f or sc hoo l honours and U ni vers i ty di sti nct i ons, to whi ch many Ol d
”
Harrovi ans still living bear gratef ul wi tness M r H enry Drury, Old Harry, as . .

h e was f a mil iar ly cal led , was a grea t character, an d many s tori es are to ld of him .

M r R Bro u ghton , one of h is Old pupil s, contri bu tes th e f o llowing interesting and
. .

di ver ting remin iscences : Old H ar ry was mad u pon fire s ; h e woul d go any dis tance
I n th e year 1 8 3 4 h e was l oo ki ng over my moni tor s Greek exerc ise in
’
to see one .

th e dini ng room at Drur ies a bou t

-
R M Th e s u bj ect was a passage f ro m Childe .

H ar old A h , li ttl e did I thin k, h e sa id , a f ew years ago , when I was l oo king

’
.

over Lord Byr on s ex erc ise in t hi s very roo m wi th him , that I shou ld shortly b e
’

l oo king over a m onitor s exerc i se bei ng a translation f rom one of his principa l
’

poe ms Jus t then in comes th e butl er wi th Oh,sir, there is a very large fire in
.
’

London ! Immedia tel y exercise, Childe H arold , etc , were closed an d f orgotten
’
. .

Come along, h e cried , u p to th e churchyard at once W e h un i ed up as f ast as

’
.
’

we cou ld go , and sa t togeth er on th e tombs tones f rom ni ne O cl ock till mi d night

’

watc hing th e fire I t was th e bu rn ing Of th e H ouses Of Parliamen t

. A m ong .

other things h e h ad a wonderf u l m em ory H e knew a ll V irgil , H orace, an d Lu can .

by heart On one occas ion a b oy pu t three or f our lines Of Virgil into a copy of
.

h is verses Old Harry began , Well , this is a good copy of verses , the bes t you
.

ha ve ever done Did you do them a l l yourself ?

. Yes , s ir Qu i te sure P .
’ ’

Yes , s ir Wh a t, all
.
’
Yes, sir Then , says b e, it is a very cur i ou s co
.
’ ’ ‘

incidence that you and Virgil have had the same thou ght, b u t mos t un l ucky f or
ou tha t h e th ou ght Of it first Pl ease wri te ou t an E neid
y . .

H enry Dru ry s third son, Benj amin H ea th , was su mmoned f rom Ca ius Co ll ege,
2
’

Cambridge, in th e year that h e too k h is B A degree, by Dr Wordsworth to ta ke a . . .

mas tership When he retired ,af ter twenty three years Of ser vice, to u nderta ke the
.
-

tu torsh ip of Ca i us College, th e na me Of D rury ceas ed to a ppear in th e li s t Of

assi sta nt m as ters Of th e sc hoo l
-
I t is not yet, ho wever, entirely l ost, as it is still
.

ens hri ned, as o l d Beni tes , to use a f amili ar term, Obser ve wi th pl eas u re, in th e

present appellation Of thei r well rem embered house -

B H DR UR Y
.

1 M f mili ly H y D y B y
or e a ar t t arr ru r , r on s
’
u o r.

!T h w ite f t hi rti l M
er o B H D y wil
s ar l p d
c e.n th e eco
r. d in g . f t h e
. f ct th t th
rur ar o r r o a a e

conn ce ti f th e D
on o y f mily with H w i till m i t ined by h i
rur a l vi it n S pe h d y
arr o s s a n a s ann u a s o ec -
a .

Eon ]
 C H A P T E R V III

DR . GE O R G E BUT E RL
TH E year 1 8 0 5,s o ill ustri ou s in th e a n nal s Of th e Bri ti sh nati on ,was m em orabl e a l so
in th e hi story Of H arrow Two na mes more than any o th ers have been as s oci ated
.

— —
with th e government of th e s h l D rury and Butler a nd thi s y ear mark ed th e
c oo

transf erence Of au thori ty f rom the f ormer to th e l atter On th e retirement Of Dr . .

Joseph Drury in the S pring Of 1 8 0 5,three candida tes Off ered themselves f or elec tion
— the R ev Mark Drury, second mas ter ; th e Re v B Evans , one Of th e assi sta n t
. . .

mas ters ; and George Bu tler, Fellow of Sidney Sussex Co llege,Ca mbridge
th e R ev . .

As th e votes of th e governing bo dy were equa lly di vided betwee n M r Drur y a nd .

M r Butl er, th e Arc hbish o p Of Canterb ury, Dr M anners S utton, was requested
. .

by th e Governors , in accordance wi th th e sta tutes of John Lyon, to arbitrate

between them M r Butler s candidature was s upported by Dr Parr and th e
. .
’
.

f amous scholar , R i chard Porson H is ac ad emi cal qu a l i fica ti ons were unus ually
.

strong, f or h e h ad been Sen i or Wrangl er in 1 7 9 4, first Smi th s Pri zem an, and
’

had it n ot been f or an atta ck Of illness h e w ou ld in a l l pro ba bil i ty have al so

carri ed O f f th e sen i or Chancell or s Cl as s i ca l Meda l I t is n ot su rpris ing, theref ore ,
’
.

tha t the Ar chbi sh op dec ided in his f a vou r ; and f ro m E as ter 1 8 0 5 to Eas ter 1 8 29
Dr George B u tler devoted h is great a bili ties wi th unspa ri ng energy to th e ser vi ce
.

Of th e schoo l .

”
H is stature, Say s Dean Meri va l e, 1
was som ewhat bel ow th e middl e heigh t,
b u t his limbs were li the and well set H is cou nten ance, with its keen eyes and c urved
-
.

beak , was f ul l of express ion, b ut evidently kept under strict contro l ; and h is march
u to sch oo l a t th e hea d Of a process i on of laggi ng and perha ps u n willing as s istants ,
p
”
no w I f ea r disu sed, was decidedly i mpres s i ve .

In many respects h is head mas tership presents f eatures Of remar ka ble i nteres t,
and th e t wo sch oo l rebelli ons whi c h took place in 1 8 0 5 a nd 1 8 08 thro w a s i ngu l ar

light on the charac ter of pu blic school lif e at the beginning of this century I t I S
-
.

very eas y t o exaggerate th e importa n ce Of th ese pu er il e in su rre cti ons , and yet they

can ha rdly b e omitted f rom su ch a record as this Th e first was an in su bordi nate
.

protes t against Dr Butler s electi on on th e pa rt Of those boys wh o, ou t Of d evotion

.
’

to Dr Joseph Drury ,had hoped and expected that M r Ma rk Dru ry wou ld b e h is

. .

su ccesso r . I t was l ed by Lord Byron, and thi s circ u msta nce , no d oubt, h as gi ven it

Q t d in Th nton H w S h l nd it S rrou d i g p 28 9
1 uo e or
’
s a rr o c oo a s u n n s, . .
 DR . GEOR GE BUTLE R 67

a f act iti o us
importa nce Byron was a m onitor at th e time,and misused his pri vileges
.

and a uth or i ty f or pro m oti ng a c ons pir acy H e spread a bout am ong the boys sa tiri c
.

verses ,h e even la id a tra i n Of gunpo wder in o ne Of th e pa ssa es where th e hea dm aster

g
pa ssed, and th e ex pl osion was onl y prevented by a b oy named James R ichards on ,
af terwards th e well kno wn Ju dge , wh o appea led to his compa n i on s n ot to d es troy
-

th e wa lls where their f athers names had been c u t

’
.

Th e second rebelli on Of 1 8 08 was a mo re ser i ous af f a ir I t was d ue to so m e

.

modi fica tion Of th e monitoria l privileges ,and was as f ormidable as a sc hoo lboy risi ng
ca n b e The keys Of th e bi rch cu pboard were sei zed f rom th e sch ool Cus tos , th e
.
-

mon itors res igned their Of fices , al l co mm unica tion wi th London, posta l or other
wi se, was f orc ibly arrested, and th e words Liberty and R ebelli on were pos ted u p
on th e Fourth Form room . This S ta te Of thin gs conti n ued f or severa l days , b u t
Dr Butl er was equa l to th e occas i on ; th e pri nc ipa l ri nglead ers were expell ed , an d
.

H is Maj es ty George III was pl eased to ex press his appro val Of th e way in whi ch
.

th e di sturbance was repressed .

Th e tr uth is, tha t j u st a t this tim e th e government Of pu bl i c sc hool s, and

more parti cu larly Of Harrow, was un usua ll y dif ficu lt, and this is attested by the
v a ri a ti on Of th e n u mbers in th e sc hool , whi c h Of ten , tho ugh not a l ways, s er ve
as a b arom eter o f success A t Dr B utler s access io n, th ere were 257 boys in
’
. .

th e school ; in 1 8 1 6, in spi te of th e t wo Jmentes , there were as m any as 29 5 ;

in 1 8 28 they had su nk to 1 28 There are many reas ons to ac cou nt f or thi s
.

flu ctuation I n the first place, there was an u neas y f eeli ng in th e evangelica l world
.

a t t hat time that th e pu bli c sc hoo l system f ostered an irrel igi ous tone , habi ts
-

Of ro ughn ess , oppress i on , a nd e ven O f vi c i ou s cond u ct, and thi s c ri tic i s m f oun d

e xpress i on in th e wri ti n gs o f Wilberf orce, Bo wdl er, and M iss Edgeworth . Then ,
a ai n, th e s pi ri t Of ed u ca ti ona l , no less than po liti ca l , ref orm was in th e air
g .

Many pu blic wri ters and speakers denounced th e exc lus ively clas s ical c harac ter of
pu bli c school study, and pressed f or th e introdu cti on Of a wider cu rricul u m
-
.

Besides al l this , th e financial cri sis Of 1 8 25, th e mos t serious th at h ad occurred in

Englan d f or many genera ti ons , af f ected very wid ely the rich er clas ses f rom whi ch
th e H arrow boy s were d ra wn These c irc um sta nces and dif ficu lties were not, Of
.

co u rse , pecu li ar to H arrow . Westmins ter, f or instance, shows at this time a similar
depleti on of numbers ,b u t there were al s o l oca l emb arrass ments whi ch i ntensified th e
S tra i n. One of t hese deserves our spec ia l cons iderati on , f or it was th e mean s Of
rai s i ng and settl i ng a qu es ti on of th e very firs t ma gn i tu de f or th e we lf are O f th e

sc hool .I n 1 8 1 0 one O f th e c h urc h ward ens, M r John Foster, pers uad ed th e

.

pa ris hioners to lodge an a ppea l in th e Court of Chancery, th e main obj ect Of which
”
was t o limi t th e nu mber Of f oreigners, or, as we shoul d no w say, boa rders , a nd
so to c onvert th e sc hoo l i nto a pl ace Of ed u ca ti o n f or th e sons Of th e pu rely loca l

inhabi tants and the trad esmen Of th e town I n other words, it was a deliberate
.

atte mpt to red u ce H arro w to th e po s i t ion o f a thir d ra te vi l lage sc hoo l

-
. Th e su i t
was def ended by M r Fl adga te, th e sc hool so li ci tor, with co nspi c u ou s a bili ty
. .Th e
a ppea l was brou ht bef ore th e Mas ter Of th e R o ll s, S ir Willi a m Gran t, wh o dec ided
g
aga i ns t th e limi ta ti on of f oreigners b ut mai nta i n ed u n i mpa i red th e pri vileges
co nf erred on th e l oca l i nha bi ta nts by th e statu tes of th e Fou nder . H ow li ttl e
68 H AR R OW SCHOOL
rea li ty there was in th e a ppea l is proved by th e f ac t that s ix years afl er this im
”
portant dec isi on there were on ly three f ree scholars , ou t Of 29 5 boys, wh o were
f ou nd to c la im th e pri vileges open to th e f amili es Of th e neighbour hood .

From these di f ficulti es it is a pleas ure to tu rn to th e vari ous benefits con

f erred u pon th e sc hoo l by Dr Bu tler To p roceed f rom th e less to th e grea ter,it is
. .

i nteresti ng to note that in h is time Duck puddle was first s tarted

1
though -

perhaps he ca n have li ttle dreamt Of the f utu re attract i ons of that ca pti vati ng

TH E S c H OOL YA R n F R OM TH E C IT
LO S ER S .

re sort . He introdu ced hoo l motto, S tet F ortu na Domus , and th e u se Of

th e new sc

th e cross arrows in th e arms Of the sch oo l , though h e was caref u l to i ns i s t tha t th e

f ormer was no t mea nt to su persede Joh n Ly on s B on or um Dei D irp ens a tio F ide l is ,
’

a nd that th e la tter was not to b e regard ed as a s pec i es Of ca nti ng hera ldr y , b u t as

a re mi n i scence Of th e Old co mpeti ti ons in archery I n 1 8 1 3 th e Lyon m onu ment,by .

Flaxman, in th e pari sh chu rch was erected by pu blic subscrip ti on, the i nscripti on
1
It w n tas l th t D B tl h ld h i t d d th i l t y dd iti n t th td
a u ra a r . u er s ou ave n ro u c e s sa u ar a o o e ou oor

lif f th h l ,f h w h im lf n
eO e sc oo or e ll t wimm , d t th d n d g f i ty ight
as se a ex ce en s er an a e a va ce a e O s x -e
,
o n ld J n y d y, bt i d th R y l H m S i ty m d l f
a co a u ar a O a ne e o a i g d wn i g w m
u an e oc e
’
s e a or sav n a ro n o an

i th e G nd J
n ra ti C n l wh h w De f Pete bo gh
u nc on a a en e as an O r rou .
70 HAR R OW SCHOOL
i pecia lly in th e enlargement of the pu bli c school and the master s
occas ons, an d es
’

res idence
. On a l l these gro u nds we are mos t anxi ou s to con vey to you th e s i ncere
and deliberate ex press i on Of our high res pec t, gra ti tu de, an d re gard.

Si
( g )ned N OR T e c
. x

J W C UN N I NG HA M
. . .

C H A M I LTON
. .

JOHN R OBE RTS .

JOS E PH N RE LD ”
.

E W HOWS ON
. . .
 C H A P T E R IX

S C H OOL L I FE UN DE R DR . GE OR GE BU T E R L
PI CTURE S of b oy l if e at Harrow so f ar away as th e beginni ng Of thi s century will
-

dif f er widely according to th e material tha t is used ; and this materi a l , thou gh f ar
f ro m bei ng as a bu nda nt in qu anti ty as one c ou ld wi sh , is strangely dif f eren t in
qu ality I f we ta ke Byron f or our guide, we find him throwing himself with
.

ener y i nto ga m es and th e j oi nt li f e Of his f e ll ows , as h e d esc ribes himself ,

“ al ways
g
”
c ri c k eti ng, rebell i ng, r owin , and I n a l l m anner of mi sc hi ef R ebell i ou s , i n deed ,
’

g .

Dr B u tler f ou nd h im b u t thi s was owing to his l oyal ty to th e late headm as ter ,

.
,

Dr Joseph Drury , and h is di sa ppoi ntment that Mark Dr u ry had not been chosen
.

to suc cee d h im . B u t h e was not host il e to all aut hori ty Of Dr Drur y h e wrote . .

Th e d pt
ear p r ece or Of my ear ly d y a s

PR OB US
, th p id e r e Of s c ien ce , a nd th e b oas t,

T I
O w, l
DA no a as f or ever l ost.

W ith h im f y , or ears , we s earc h

'
d th e l pg
c as s ic a e,

A d f
n d th m
aar
’
e as ter , t h oug hw l e ove d th g e sa e.

A nd if his ly sentiments towards Dr Butl er were hostile,an d he spoke somewhat

ear .

bitter ly Of him,this was no more tha n boyish has te I n his later days h e unders tood .

tha t h e h ad been wrong, and wi thdrew his harsh cr iti c is ms .

Exceptional ly ta lented indeed , Byron in many res pects was an ordinary b oy

type , with all th e l ove Of ac ti vi ty , mi sc hi ef , pop u lari ty am ong h is f ell ows , wh ich
most boys possess H e sa w th e j oys Of sc hoo l li f e as others see them
. .

In scatter p
d grou s eac f a vou r d h au nt
’
h ’
p u rs u e ;
Re peat O l d pas times , an d isc over n ew ; d
Fl u sh d wit
’
h hi h th tid
s ra ys , , b en eat e noon e s un

I i
n r va lb d b
tw anth wi k t s e een e c e s ru n ,

Dir ve o erth w d th b l l with

’
e a ti arf , e a ac ve or ce

O h
r c with imbl f t it
ase pid n e ee s ra cou rse .

B t th
u with l wese t p di t th i w y,
s o er s e s r ec e r a

Wh'

B t
er e l w i limpid
ren
’
s coo t t yaves n c u rr en s s ra .

W hil y d f w
e on h t m ger e t
s ea rc t ou so e reen r e r ea ,

A d
n b ar h d th m f m th mm h t ;
ou rs s a e e ro e su er ea

Oth g i p t
ers , a a n , a d l i ly w er an ve c re ,
S m
o g h d
e r ou th gh tl t an g pl d i
ou i w ess s ran er ace n v e ,
72 HA R R OW SCHOOL
\Vith f li ro c q uain t hi
t e r a ntic j ests ex ose , p
An d tease th e gr u mbli g n ru s tic as h e goes .

This might serve well

en ou gh f or a pi cture of b o
y li f e n ow -
.

An thony Troll ope, wh o was in th e sc hoo l near th e end Of Dr Bu tler s reign ,

’
.

gives in his Au tobiog rap hy a very di f f erent picture TO him H arro w was a place .

Of torment, and h e h ad a mpl e opp or tuni ti es of f ormi ng h is opi ni on, f or his sc h oo l

lif e lasted f rom A pril 1 8 23 till Midsu mmer 1 8 3 4 H e was removed , indeed , in .

”1
1 8 2 6, af ter bei ng three y ears l ag of th e sch oo l ; and s pent five y ears , first a t a

private school and then in coll ege at Wi nches ter, returni ng to Harrow in 1 8 3 1 .

H e was equ al ly u nf ortu nate in h is exp eri ences e verywh ere ; it was j u st po ss ible to
O bta i n five sc ourgi n s on on e d a a t Wi nches ter , a nd h e did it H is accou n t o f
g y .

Harrow days is al mos t hear tbreaking in its misery H e says of his first peri od .

I was only seven,an d I think that boys Of seven are n ow spared among their more
considera te se ni ors I was never s pared ; an d was not even a llowed to ru n to and
.

f r o between our hous e and the sc hoo l wi thou t a da il y purga tory N O dou b t my .

”
appearance was agai ns t me A nd , again, Of his later ti me :
. I had not only n o
”
f ri ends, b u t was desp ise d by a l l my compa n i o ns ; or, Th e i ndigniti es I end ured
are not to b e d e s cri bed As I l oo k bac k ,it seems to me that all hands were tu rned
.

a a i ns t me — th f m as ters as well as boys I w as a ll o wed to j o i n in no pl ay s

g ose O . .

N or did I learn anyt hin g, f or I was ta u gh t nothi ng There were twel ve years .

of tu i tion in whi ch I d o not remember that I e ver k new a less on When I lef t .

H arrow, I was near ly at th e top of th e schoo l, bei ng a moni tor, and , I thi nk,
th e se ven th b oy Thi s posi ti on I achieved by gravi tati on u pwards I hea r in
. .

mind well with h ow prodigal a han d pri zes used to b e showered abou t, b u t I never
”2
ot a p ri ze B u t to set agai nst a l l this , it m us t b e rem embered that Tro ll ope
g .

was a vi ctim of a bad syste m and hard ci rcu mstances H e was one of John Ly on s
’
.

c hari ty sc hol ars When his f amily were red uced by poverty to li ving in a f arm
.

h ou se at Harrow Wea ld, three miles f r om the schoo l, Tro ll ope s condi tion , af ter ’

daily wa lking miles to and f ro through the muddy lan es , must have been
su ch as to in spi re th e ordi n ary boarder wi th a certa i n a m ou nt o f p rej u di c e I .

”
might, h e says, ha ve been known among al l th e boys at a hu ndred yards distance ’

”
by my boots and trous ers ; and on his own showing, both at Harrow an d in h is
ear ly career at th e Post Of fic e, his di s pos i ti on—s h , bl u nderi ng, resentf ul — was not
y
-

s u ch as to m ake him a popu l ar b o a nywh ere I k now th at I s ku lk ed , a nd was

y .

”
odi ous to th e eyes Of those I admi re d an d envied ; a nd wi th al l these di sad van tages
and bo is h s u ll enness Of c harac ter , h e was ac u tely sens i ti ve to every S ligh t N
y O .

wonder that his pi ctu re of b oy li f e is a distre ss i ng one-

.

An ac cou nt Of H arrow in 1 8 22 , qu ote d f rom Temp k B a r by M r Thornton in .

H a r row S chool and its S u r rou nd ing s , gi ves an a m usi ng sketc h o f that grea t f ea tu re
of b oy l if e, na mely, l eavi ng schoo l f or h ome
-
that j oyous rac e to London on
brea king u p morning Gigs ,carts ,and every species Of vehicle stood horsed arou nd
-
.

th e school gates an d d own th e High S treet, and such a rush Of liberated and
-

l
Th e l t b y
as o .

3
Th e l te L d B ssbo
a or g h p
e int drou t th t th i w
o n tet ou T llape h d bes t n h im
as o r u e, as ro o a a e

in a p i e wh i h h h d h ped t wi
r z c e a o o n .
 SCHOOL LIFE UNDER DR GEOR GE BUTLER 75

ex pecta nt boys took place ou t of fi t h l — that

so l em n f arce on brea ki ng u
rs sc o o
p
-

morni ng Black coa ts and ties were dis carded wi th an a lacri ty u nknown of f the
.

sta ge, a nd trave lli ng garm ents of an a pproved type d onn ed , f or y ou ng Harrow

was to hold its own in S t Jam es Street th at day . A nd then th e race was f as t .

and f uri ous u nt il , th e secon d miles tone bei ng passed , th e l ead ers se ttle d do wn

into m ore sober paces, and soon rea ched the wished f or haven of , even then , -

”
s m oky Lon don .

A disti ngu i s hed Harrovi an of Dr B u tl er s t im e h as described so m e of th e

1 ’
.

conditi on s of sch oo l li f e as h e k ne w them I n h is ear ly d ays th e new wi ng of th e

.

sc hoo ls h ad not been b u ilt, and th e Fou rth Form roo m — no w m ere ly th e scen e of

p rayers once a week , and of th e exerc i se of the strong a rm of di scipline was then —
in ac t i ve daily use Th e Sixth Form sa t in th e n or thern porti on, the Th i rd For m
.

an d lo wer R emoves of th e Fourth Form in th e sou thern I t is hard to imagi ne .

tea chi ng carried on un der thes e di str act i ng conditi ons ,b u t s o it was I n c old weather .

a fa ot bla zed f or a f ew mi nu tes in th e grea t firepl ace M as ters and boy s a lik e
gg .

took ta pers to sc hoo l Th e U pper rooms accomm odated the Fi f th and Upper
.

Four th Form m as ters, the two di vi si ons of th e Shell occ upying th e cock lof t and -

its adj oi n i ng atti c I n play hours when it was wet th e Four th Form room was th e
.

s cene of a good dea l of r ou gh pl ay Cri cket and rac ket balls flew about in plenty
.
-
.

Th e sch oolyard was , u ntil l ong af ter, th e on ly racket— c ou rt and th e ordi nary f oot

ba ll grou nd . Th e grea tes t f ea t, b ut one not i nf req u ently execu ted , was to ki ck
the b a ll right o ver th e s c hool , f rom whence I ha ve seen it desc end e ven i nto th e
road bey on d Fa iling to c lear the bu ilding, it of ten rebou nded f rom the ledge to
.

the para pet ,and there f ags were stati oned to find it and cas t it down Thi s service .

”2
was co ld in t he wi ntry wi nds , and not a little da ngerou s .

I n th e first chap ter of Anua ls o f y m E a rl

y ij ,
L é D r Ch ar l es W o rd s wor th h
. as

set d own so me i n teres ti ng rec ollect i ons of hi s sc hoo l day s u nd er Dr G eorge Bu tl er -

. .

A l et ter wr i tten by him f rom H arrow to h is brother Christopher at W i nchester

sa ys : I t is now Sa turday night, and I have co me to th e conc lus i on of as
i ndus trious a week as I ha ve ever spent in my lif e, havi ng done one hun dred
and twenty Lati n hex a meters , su bj ect, Bu ll Ba i t a Lati n theme, fif ty li nes ;

a trans lati on ; lyri cs , n i neteen sta nzas ; bes id es thi rty li nes o f Ju vena l , cons tru ed

and l earnt by hea rt e ver y da

y
— o n ly thi s very night, s i nce s ix o c l oc k , I ha ve
’

learn t one h undred and twenty li nes Fell ows have taken it i nto thei r head s
.

to sa p terr ibly ha rd thi s qu arter Some do six or seven chapters of Thu cydides,
.

others of o s a —
H erodotu s, ther G k pl y bes ides Ju venal , Li vy , Tac itu s, etc
ree .

every d a ex tr a ( th a t m ea ns bey on d the o rdi na ry sch oo l w o k ) S m h ve

y r o e a .

soared so f ar i nto th e c l o u d s as to read A ri s topha nes ; f or th e j o ke s sake, it

’

”
mus t be th e N ubes .

An other so urce o f i nf ormati on a b ou t b oy li f e a t this time is f ou n d in l etters

-

f ro m boys at schoo l to their parents or f ri ends These rarely tell us m u ch , except

.

th e comm onpl aces of sc hool li f e ; b ut wi th th e lapse of ti me it is th e co m monplaces

tha t becom e i nteresti ng Old customs may s ometi mes b e f ound des cribed in boys ’
.

1 Ch l M i l q t d i Th t H w S h l d it S
ar es er va e, uo e n orn on s
’
nd i g
a rr o c oo a n s urrou n s .

2
I bid .
76 H AR R OW SCHOOL
letters For exa mple, in th e extracts f r om the letters of G M Batten ,l wh o was
. . .

”
a t Harro w in 1 8 22 , we ha ve a boy s ac c ou nt o f rolli ng in , a s prac ti sed in th e
’

Grove Thi s ordeal , which h ad to b e gone through bef ore a b oy was f ree of the
.

ha ll rs desc ribed as f ollo ws

Fancy to yourself ,my head barely covered wi th a coat, and my arms to protect
it a t their o wn expense, proj ec ted over a ta ble, f rom whi ch at the di sta nce of f ou r
yard s f our boys wi th a dozen of rolls apiece threw at me with a l l their might and
will f or a mi nu te,whi ch see med terr ibly l ong Th e sensati on a t th e tim e was real ly .

m ore pa i nf ul than I cou ld have concei ved , f or th e stro kes on the bra in ca me so
c l ose one u pon another tha t one f eel s s m as hed to pi ece s This wen t of f af ter .

brea kf ast, b u t my poor nod dle cou ld not susta i n the press u re of a h at f or days .

These miseries ceased af ter three days more, and I am no w Geo rge Batten, a nd
”2
enj oy th e c om f orts o f th e H al l c ompan y and a Fa ver y m u ch
g .

Dr George B u tl er did h is best to su ppress th i s and other bru ta l or u nseemly

.

c us to m s , su ch as bl ank e t toss i ng an d j ac k a l anter n, a chase in th e dark af ter a b o

y
- - -

carryi ng a l an te rn , wh o did his best to lead his p urs u ers th rou gh sl ou ghs of mu d

a nd th orny hed ges ; b u t th e hea d m as ter s ef f orts were on ly par ti a lly succes sf u l , as
’

many of th e evils reappeared in Longley s d ay H ow hard sc hool li f e was th en in

’
.

c ompa ri son wi th o u r o wn da m b e j u dged f r om th e d u ti es o f f ags, wh o h ad to

y a
y
c l ea n their masters sh oes a nd c l oth es , s o meti mes r i s i ng a t five to d o so , or a t th e
’

ca ll o f er h ad to rus h ou t in to th e cold to p u ll a hedge s tak e f r o m th e

f gp
a ok -

neares t f ence or f aggot sta c k Th is ill ustrates also th e s lightness of the control
.

imposed on boys by l ock u p so mu ch so ,that in 1 8 26 th e Governors gave noti ce

-

to Dr Bu tler that th e sc ho lars sh ou ld b e m ore c l osely confined to thei r h ou ses

.

a f ter l oc k u
p
-
.

A m ong th e m ost i nteresti ng records of Dr Bu tler s ti me we mu s t place

’
.

th e MS di ary 2
.of Wa l ter Char l es Trevelyan, k ept regu l a rly f rom 1 8 1 2 to 1 8 1 5 .

I t is true that th e entri es are of ten mea gre, someti mes run ning nothi ng
p ar
”
t icul ar, or ditto b u t a boy s school lif e of ten appears to him as a process of ’
-

” ”
doing ditto to nothi ng particu l ar Further, the b oy hi mself , as revealed by .

h is di ary , is a somewha t excep ti on a l b oy, wi th m ore i nteres t in c oi ns and botany

than in cr i ck et and f ootba ll None the les s, the di ary gi ves a great dea l of cu ri ous
.

i nf ormati on abou t his work and pl ay hou rs, sc hool habits ,th e relations between th e
head mas ter and th e boys in his house, and so f orth .

Th e first thi ng that s trikes one is th e en ti re domi nance of c l ass ica l stu dy over
other T h e o nly var i a ti on in th e c l ass i cal rou n d whi c h a ppears in Trevel a n s
’
an
y .
y
diary is th e vi si t of M r Wal ker, described in The E ndowed S chools of E ng kmd a nd
.

Wales as th e Lec tu rer in Na tura l a nd Experimen tal Phil oso phy ,wh o a ttend s onc e
4

M in ch in ol d H a rr ow Days
’
1
s .

2
Th e p rac tic e was n ot un if orm . Pr o b bly
a it var ie d indif f t h er en Th t
ous es . Mr . orn on ,

sp ki g f th h d m t h , y
ea n o O emi t ea as er s
’
ou se sa s : ne nu e s
’
b mb d m t w
o ar ll w d , whil th
en as a o e e e

b y kn lt d w with h i f
o e t th w ll
o I n th th s ac e o e a . n an o er cas e e v c i tim t, B tt say ,b t as a en sa s u

with b kf t pl t in f t f h i h d Th
a r ea as - ity f
a e ron o s ea . e se ver o th ep i hm t
un s i d th en r ec e ve en

d p d d wh th th pl t w p dily b k
e en e on et er e a e as s ee ro en or n o .

A 2 i f t t f m th i d i y w
ser es o p bli h d i th
ex rac s ro s ar er e u s e n e H a rrovia n, O b
cto er , N ove mb er ,

D mb 18 9 7
ece er .
4
Pu bli h d 1 8 1 5
s e .
 HAR R OW SCHOOL
secu tive ights, f rom 27 th M ay to 3 l st M ay, three more f ro m 3 rd Ju ne to 6th
n

June, a nd f our more f rom 1 7 th June to 2 l st June I t does not seem as if any .

di ff icu lty wou ld then have been f elt over fin di ng a thi rd day f or th e match agai nst
E ton As it was ,Trevelyan spent most of h is ti me seeing processi ons of tri u mphant
.

roya lti es S a w D uc hess Oldenb u rg, Pr i nce Re ge nt, E mperor , Ki ng o f Pruss i a ,

.

”
Bl u cher,P l atof f , Prince of Orange, R uss ians smoking, and s o f orth .

Just as verses and holidays were on the grand sca le, so were pun i shments .

Sent u p d tb sc hool, beca use I cou ld n ot construe my Tu rsel l ine, and flogged by
”
Dr B f or th e first time
. . Dr B gave me th e f or ma tio temp or u m in th e acti ve,
. .

”
midd le, and pas si ve voi ces ; af ter brea kf ast Dr B exc u sed me th e act ive vo ice . . .

”
M r H Dru ry se t me 20 c ha pters of S t Matth e w to wri te ou t ;
. . M r H Dru ry
. . .

sent me u f or not bei ng a ble to sa my G reek grammar, thi r d sc h ool , an d I was

p y
fl ogged H arry ( Dru ry ) gave me a p u n, did pun,8 7 1 li nes — proba bly th e
fif th f E neid Dog set me 50 pages of Gree k grammar, f or not knowi ng so m ethi ng
.

”
th a t was n ot in th e less o n Nowadays 200 li nes is th ought a big pu nis hment
. .

l i mes have s of tened f or sc h oo lboy s in m ore ways tha n one .

Trevelyan was clea rl y not a boy wh o took much interes t in games ; b ut even
a ll o wi ng f or thi s , th e r ar i ty o f a ny ment i on o f c r i c k et and f o otba ll is remarka bl e .

H e s pea k s o f th e cri c ket grou nd occas i ona lly as a pl ac e to wa lk to ; h e never say s

-

that h e pl ay ed H is on ly a musement c onnec ted wi th it is , f u n wi th r oll er to

.

c rickett gr o un d -
Th e ro ll er was w ork ed by Fourth Form boys as h e rec ords , helped
.

to pu ll u p r oller f rom cricke tt grou nd

” “
H e a l so menti on s, fight on cr ickett gro u nd,
-
.
”
-

probably one o f th ose peri odi cal rows between school a nd to wn b oys consequ en t on
the enc l os i ng of th e grou n d ou t of R oxeth Common , a nd th e j ea l ou s y f e l t that th e
”
f oreigners were m onopo li si ng Ly on s f ou ndati o n Once only d oes any ac c o unt
’
.

o f a c r i c ket m atc h appear Match between u s and R ic kmans worth ; we were

”
li cked .I n 1 8 1 3 cri c ket began on 2 3 rd March, b ut it mus t ha ve been a chilly .

bu s iness , as on 3 rd Apr il it snowed Footba l l appears once, also , as th e occas i on of

'

”
a r ow .A f ter f our, a r ow between moni tors and Shell a bou t stoppi ng a t f ootba ll .

Ducker, or, as it was then more ceremoni ou sly ca lled, Du ck p uddle, is of ten -

menti oned , not so much as a bathi ng pl ace, b u t f or sa iling ships and letti ng of f -

fireworks Went to Du ck puddl e wi th Johnstone and sa iled h is ship

.
-
wen t
to Du c k pu ddl e an d fired my ca nn on , whi ch ca rried s hot a l mos t th e whole l ength of
-

”
th e ba th I n f act, as ea ch Guy Fa wkes Day a pproac hed his acti vity in fire works
’
.

was tru ly rem ar kabl e Bought 2 ou nces of grmpowder and a squ ib to copy
.

f rom . A f te r six Pree d an d I made 3 sq uibs, and tried one whi ch did very
” ” ”
well ; l et of f 20 s qu ibs of my maki ng ; made a cracker and a bl ue ligh t ;
”
bou ght 3 Catheri ne wheel s, 3 blu e lights , 4 squ ibs, a nd 5 crack ers Fireworks .

were generally illega l H e records : A l most f ou nd ou t letti ng of f gu npowder, by

.

Stapleton telli ng monitors and agai n, Went to l et of G P , and thou ght we

”
heard som ebody behi nd the hedge, so we ran away as f as t as we c ou ld .

H e was f ortu n ate in escapi ng th e conseq uences of other pran k s al so Gray .

to ld me tha t h e wou ld gi ve me a penny every time I h it Dr B s wi nd o w wi th

’
. .

throwing a book at it ; I hit it 4 tim es ,and th e 5th b roke it Gray broke Dr B s ’

. . .

”
Pomad e Di vine bottle Bu t others were less skil led in avoiding detecti on
. Dr B . . .
 SCHOOL LIFE UN DER DR . GEOR GE BUTLE R 79

had Nicholson s stu dy opened, and f o und some squ ibs and abo ut 200 or 30 0 ol d
’

”
exerc i ses which he h ad ta k en out of Dr B s library ; and , as one w ou ld expec t, th e
’
. .

”
next day Nicholson was f l ogged Sometimes , however, fireworks were licensed ; .

thus , f or example, 4th N ov 1 8 1 3 Excellent news f rom R uss ia,fireworks to b e

. .

allowed and in co n sequ ence a f ew day s l ater : H ad a Ban d abou t 1 2 or 1 3 .

Firework s, and very fine R ockets and Bond fire,N o 6 or 8 Bell , ca me in abou t ni ne
1
.

and h ad s u v h —
pper, co ld ea l and am and Nagus clapped Bu tler ”
.

Like most of his clas s, our f ri end is mu ch interested in eata bles A lmost his .

first entry is, S upped wi th Dr B u tl er E a t M oc k Tur tl e Sou p, Hare, Pa rtridge ,

. .
-

Pye,C usta rd and Tr ifl e—and 3 gl asses of wine a nd if ,by degrees ,h e beco mes less

respec tf u l — “
Su pped ith B nay,almost patronising Su pped wi th Dr B good
w .
— . .

Madeira yet he always showed an apprec iation of good f ar e The headmas ter .

must ha ve been a muc h less awe inspiring and inaccess ible personage to Four th -

Form boys than headmas ters are n owad ays ; f or em pl e, Dr B utler gave my .

” ”
cou s i n s and me ea c h a peach ; Dr B ga ve Gray a nd I a glass of wi ne ; and . .

fin all y, Dr B told me to stay out f or my co ld , and I h ad so me water gruel with

. .
-

him ”
. W h o coul d f ear a headmaster wi th whom h e had su pped water gruel in -

this delightf t domes ti c style ?

No cru el f ate has preserved our diarist s pas trycook s bill f or modern boys to m ake ’ ’

mock at B u t suc h a h il l has come do wn to u s f rom older days than his I t was
.
2
.

“ ”
presented in 1 7 8 8 by John Bernard, b arro w to Daniell Gri f fiths , and a mou nted
in al l to £1 0 The i te ms were dul y set ou t, six m onths cons u mpti on in all Th e
’
. .

b oy h ad a hea l thy a ppetite, and th e pastry coo k was mas te r of a qua int spell i ng, so
that th e res u lt is a m u si ng I t is not all sweets r oc l es ,bu ta r f or 1 8 da , 9 8 0 d
.
y .

” ”
f ool , bread , ha m, sma ll beer , 3 3 6d Vea l poy and mu ck tur tle are on the
. .

s ol id s ide ; b ut h e h ad a s wee t too th, too a lmun d , res i ne and sh esn u tt, l od .

” ” ”
march pin, orange s hips and lim on pea le, Sherrys, su cceed wi th be wilderi ng
rapidi ty On e week s consu mpti on reads
’
.

Jun 30 f oo , . l b d, rea bed sau ce a v r a

Jnl oy 1 S er . h yt t , t d or e c us a r

2 . pig P y, b d , l im d
ou o rea ona

3 . 3 gl I , N pl
ac e bi k t,
ce a es s e r oya lh ortes

4 . h m b
a d , pikl l im d
, rea es , ona

5 . 3 p d un p i
su
g , go p y ar u o

7 . p tt b y
o e ras ur

Either 6th Ju ly 1 7 8 8 was a S un day, or th e i

conf ec t oner coo ked so mething

E igh ty
years have wrought s trange changes Modern H arrovians woul d l ook .

askance a t th e idea o f wa lki ng th e ten miles that sever H a rrow f rom Lon don, et
y
Trevelyan of ten did it Thi s en try,too,is of th e ol d world : A fier las t chu rch, as
.

Thi gg t th d i ti f bill f m b ll Th
1
s su es s e ll t
er va on o ro e . e exce en n ews s eems to h ave

be n b t th b ttl f L ip ig l 6th 1 7th d 1 8 th O t b

e a ou e a e o L ip ig ie z , , , an c o er . e z s not in R u ss ia, b u t
th d i i t i t th fi t b y t m k mi t k i ge g phy
en ou r ar s s no e rs o o a e a s a e n o ra .

2
An l d Bill ,”
th H
o vi J ly 1 8 9 4
s ee e a rro an, u .
80 HAR R OW SCHOOL
I was walking with Preed , we were chased by some f ootpads,b u t we got away f rom
” ”
them . B ut it is not only cus tom s that have chan ged , su ch as so u s i ng n ight,

no memory of whi ch su rvi ves Loca lities ,too,ha ve pas sed beyond recogni ti on,even
.

”
when marked by curi ou s names Wa lked to f eet of H ercu les , wa lked to Know
.

” ”
no thi ng s Garden , and went to Da m nation Hill , are entri es whi c h remain
’

enigm as I t were reas ona ble to thi n k th at a na me like th e las t might ha ve sur
.

v ived f rom its i ct uresque prof ani ty , b u t not a trace of it rema i ns

p .

In compilin g this arti c le I h ad hard ly dared to hope to i ncl u de a persona l

remin is cence of a headmas ter, whose tenure ended no less than sixty nine -

years ago ; b ut it has been f orthcomi ng Judge Baylis, Q C , wh o, if not . . .

actu a lly the o ldes t li ving H arrovi an , is at any rate one of th e very f ew wh o were

pu pils of Dr George Bu tler, has been good enou gh to send me a f ew word s of

.

pers ona l recol lection ” “

I en tered the sc hool, he says, in 1 8 25 at th e age of
.

eight, an d lef t as a m oni tor a t s ixteen ; I was firs t a h ome b oard er, b u t a f ter war ds -

wen t i n to Oxenham s hou se Wh ile a hom e boarder we lived at Greenhill Green ,

’
-
.

and A nthony Troll o pe,whom I remember well ,used to ca ll f or me on his way to th e

sc hool . I used to s it next him in th e Sixth Form I th ink b e mu ch exa ggera ted .

his Harro w suf f erings ; they were less than other home board ers wh o went y ou ng -

to th e sc hool : they were of ten sad ly bul li ed and pursu ed wi th s tones on thei r
way home Trollope was a strongly bu il t, powerf u l f ellow, a nd cou ld in a measure
.
-

hold his own H e f ought with a b oy of th e name of Lewi s in th e fighting ground

.
-

f or nearly an hour, u ntil separa ted by Mills th e mas ter Lewi s had to go home, so
.

severely was h e pu n i s hed I have a deep res pec t f or Dr Butler on ac cou nt of

. .

h is ki ndness to me ; h e was a tender hear ted gentlem an of th e ol d typ e, an d a

-

good clas sic When h e took lea ve of th e sc hool in 1 8 2 5 h e gave to every b oy a

.

book with h is name i nsc ribed on a label , all in h is own hand wr iting, sta ti ng that
h e had been headmas ter f or twenty f ou r y ears, a nd expressi ng a wi s h tha t ea ch b oy
-

wou ld con ti nu e to l ove him as h e h ad done Of the other mas ters I may menti on
.

Mark Dr ury, another Daniel Lambert, so stou t that h e had to have a huge chair
fitted to h is si ze H e h ad the Thi rd Form in th e pu pil room of h is house
.
-
One .

da y a b oy pu t so me cobbler s wax in his cha i r, b ut b e detec ted it bef ore si tti ng

’

down and too k the j oke qu i te good h u moured ly Nutcomb e Oxenh am, a brother
-
.

of th e Re v Willi a m Ox enha m, was hu rt bad ly by a f roze n sno wba ll in a contes t

.

between di f f erent houses I t was a practi ce to dip th e snowba lls in water, and
.

f reeze them to gi ve them cons i stency M arill ier, the wri ting and mathematica l
.

mas ter, to whose pro nu nciati on of ari thmeti c was d ue his ni ckname Teek , or ’

Tiqu e, whi ch beca me the slang name f or a l l mathemati cs at H arrow, was th e

’

first person to use po rta ble gas in sc hoo l to su pplem ent th e f eeble ligh t of ta pers .

H e u se d to have it sent do wn in cyli nd ers f rom London f or his pri vate use One .

du ty which may seem curiou s to a you nger ge neration of boys f el l to me in tu rn

wi th others when ac ti ng as doorkeeper in th e Four th Form room Thi s was to .

ru s h u psta i rs as soon as th e Sixt h Form l es s ons were over,to open th e doors of a l l th e

oth er Forms a nd s hou t School over I thin k it was Dr Longley who i ntrodu ced
’
. .

”
th e one hou r dur a ti on f or sc hool s
-
.

GE OR GE TOWN S E N D WA RN E R .
 C H A PT E R X

DR
. LON G LE Y , 1 8 29 -
1 8 36

IMME DI ATE LY af te r th e resignati on of Dr George Butler, at Easter 1 8 29 , th e

.

headmas tersh ip passed into th e hands of Dr C T Longley , who had been elected
. . .

by the Governors on the 2 1 st of March I t is worth notici ng that out of th e

.

seven hea d mas te rs of Harrow wh o have f l ouri shed during th e present centu ry ,
Dr Longley is th e on ly instan ce of an Ox f ord man being appo inted
. Th e others .

are al l f ro m C a mbridge .

Th e f o llowi ng s ketch of Dr Longley s ca reer a t H arrow, and of th e condi ti on

’
.

of thi ngs in th e sc hool duri ng his tenure of office, is co mpiled f r om th e wri ter s
’

o wn persona l recol l ec t i ons of h is boyish d ays, aided and strengthened by s ome

va l ua bl e note s , most ki ndl y pl ac ed at h is diS osa l by one wh o was h im sel f a
p
Harrow b oy du ring nearly th e whole of Dr Longley s time Th e su bj ect may
.
’
.

b e co nveni ently treated u nder f ou r hea ds — 1 Th e headmas ter hi mself

. 2: Th e .

ass i stant m as ters

-
. .3 Th e su bj ects tau ght in th e school 4 Th e games and . .

a m use m ents in vo ue
g .

1 F i rst, as to th e personali ty of Dr Longley Th e writer s memory re ca lls a

’
. . .

man of so me f orty years, rather below th e average height, wi th a si ngularly fine

head , which, prematurely ba ld, was f u m ish ed , at th e sides only, wi th qu ite bl ac k
hair ; eyes of th e deepest blac k ; mouth well f ormed , with, on occas ion, a pleasan t
smi l e On occa sion, f or th e boys h ad b u t li ttle experi ence of this side of Longl ey s
’
.

manner , which, i ndeed , was seldom exhibi te d in th e relations between a master and
his boy s at this peri od . There was no appare nt sympathy between them ; no
approac h to ki ndly f a mil i ari ty or confidence A nd thu s, on e of the strongest
.

agenc i es that a mas ter possess es f or devel opi ng th e character of his boys was l os t .

From al l one hears, things appear to b e very dif f erent in this respect nowaday s .

It seems more than pro ba ble tha t the mas ters of recent years have been po werf ully,
if u nconsc i ou sly , i nf l u enced by th e example se t at R u gby, un der th e aus pi ces of
Dr A rno ld, of the ki nd of r app or t tha t sh ou ld s u bs i st between th e boys of a pu bli c
.

sc hoo l and thei r mas ters .

A s regards attain ments , though these were certa i nly respecta ble — they cou ld
hardl y b e otherwi se in the cas e of a man wh o h ad grad uated in th e first c lass in -

L it H um , and h ad been tu tor of Ch ri s t Churc h, and Class ical Exa miner in th e

. .

schoo ls , it is i mpossible to c lai m f or Dr Longley anythi ng like th e prof ou nd

-
.

eruditi on whi c h di s ti n u i shed h is i mm edia te pred ec s sor, and at l east two o f h is

g e

G
82 H A RR OW SCHOOL
i
as s s tants , not to m enti o n th ose wh o s ucceed ed him in th e head mas ters hip Yet , .

pa i nsta ki ng and consci enti ou s Dr Lo ngley u nques tionably was , and th e school ,
.

thou gh it made no grea t ad vance in n u mbers d u ri ng his tim e, held its o wn f a i rly,
u ntil s hort ly bef o re his res i gnati o n Then, indeed, a lamenta ble dec line set in ,
.

whi ch , l as ti ng a ll th rou gh th e s ucceedi ng re ign , was o nly c hec ked — b ut that m ost
1—
mar vel l ous ly , and well nigh i nstan taneo usly -
ou the ad ven t o f Dr Va u ghan .

( cl a r u m et vener ab ile n ome n ) in 1 8 45 .

On th e who le, Dr Longley was po pu lar with th e boys I t is true that h e

. .

f a iled to i ns pire the m wi th enth us i as m, b u t h e certa i nly ga i ned thei r res pec t He .

poss essed qualities which boys a re al ways qu ick in discerning and a ppreci ati ng
th os e, f or i ns ta n ce , of a perf ectly we ll bred and co u rteou s gentl ema n, wh o k ne w -

h o w to treat h is boys a s gentlemen A lth ou gh it may not b e a ltogether d ue to

.

Longley s persona l i nfluence, it h as been remar ked that th e Harrovians of that

’

peri od ha ve a l wa ys been among the most loyal and devoted so ns of th e school .

Dr Longley s ca reer af ter h e l ef t Harro w was exce p ti o na lly remarkabl e Th e

’
. .

head mastership was res igned in 1 8 3 6, on h is being appoi nted Bishop of th e newly
c ons ti tu ted see of R ipon I n 1 8 56 h e was tra ns la ted to Du r ha m ; in 1 8 60 h e
.

beca me A rchbishop of York ; and finally , in 1 8 62 , h e was ra ised to th e Primacy

of a ll E ngla n d — a n ex a l ted a nd ard u o u s p ost, whi ch h e he ld u ntil h is d ea th in

1 8 68 Duri ng h is tenure of th e Archbi shopri c of Canterbury , Dr Lo ngley h ad

. .

th e si ngu lar hono u r of i naugu ra ti ng that seri es of Lambeth Co nf erences , of

whi ch th e f ou rth h as recently bee n held , i e in J u ly 1 8 9 7 . . .

2 W e co me n o w to th e sta ff of ass i sta nt mas ters un d er Dr L angl ey

. Wi th . .

seven o f these , i nc l u di ng th e Frenc h a nd mathemat i cal teac hers , th e p rese n t wr i ter ,

in h is q u ali ty of pu pil , was perso na lly acq ua i nted i

( ) T h e R ev H e nry J o s e ph . . .

Thomas Dr ury ; (ii ) th e R ev William Oxenh a m (iii ) the R ev Wi l liam V h itmarsh

. . . .
V

Phel ps ; ( iv ) the Re v Benj a min Hall Kennedy ; ( v ) the R ev Thomas Henry Steel
. . . .

vi ) M r Jac ob Fran c i s M ari ll ier ; ( vii ) M r Jac qu es M ari l lier

( . . . . .

( )
i M .r D r u ry ,
. th e l o we r m as te r ( l o wer , t ha t is, th a n t h e hea d , f or h e h e ld t h e

highest ran k a mong th e as si stants ) ,was a large,portly man of c omma ndi ng p rese nce,
and was equ a lled by f ew in fine and el egant sc h ol arsh ip I n th e wri ter s time Old
’
.

”
Harry, as h e was ( no dou bt af f ectiona tely) ca lled by th e boys,pre s ided in th e Fif th
—
Form ro om, where h e as , perha ps , f onder of hea ri ng himsel f d ec l aim and h e
w —
ossess ed a fine so noro us vo i ce t h e gra nd ca dences of H omer , or of th e Gree k
p
trage dians,than of listen i ng to th e m ore or les s ha lti ng constru i ng of h is boys He .

was , pro bably f rom h is gre at bul k , cons titu ti ona l ly indo lent, a f a u l t by n o m ea ns
res e nted by th e boys , s i nce it was c hi efly ma n i f es ted in a rel u cta nce to l ea ve h is b ed

in ti me f or th e firs t l esson of th e d ay Th e on ly dif ficu l ty was to as certa i n in good

.

ti me whether M r Dr ur y w as
. go i g up
n — i e f ro m h is hou se to th e school . .

bu ildings— or not Hence, a regular sys tem of i nqu iry was organised , u nder wh ich
.

a fa h a d to repai r to th e h ou se every morni ng and find o u t whether M r D rury

g .

was s ti rri ng or likely to stir Then the f ag had to sca mper back,and proc la im wi th
.

”
a l ou d voi ce th rou gh passages o f th e house to whi ch h e bel o nged , goi ng up, or
d 1 8 44 th l t th ye f D W d w th h dm t ’
Th1 t ies in 18 42, 1 8 43 ,
e en r an , e as ree ars o r . or s or s ea as e r

s h ip,we 59 Th se in 1 8 45 D V gh fi t y we 73 ; i 1 8 46,h i ec nd y ,1 36
re . o , r. au an s
’
rs ear , re n s s o ear .
 DR LONGLEY 83
”
n ot goi ng u , as
p might b e ; with the resu l t that th e Fif th Form boys
th e cas e

ei ther tu rned ou t of bed and hur ri ed to th e sc ho ol , or els e tu rned ro un d and went

as leep aga i n This, at leas t was th e cu st om at th e present wr iter s house, Th e ’

.
,

Grove he does not remember whether it prevailed in oth er boa rding hou ses -
.

Th e Upper Shell , th e di vis i o n next bel ow th e Fif th Form, was ta ught by

M r Oxenham, a good sch o lar and an a mia ble man , b ut by no mea n s a su ccess as a
.

mas ter Eas ily irritated , and wi th a temper over which h e had little contro l, th e
.

”
boys l ed him a terrible lif e in pu pil room and in sc hool -
I ca n see , writes one .

wh o k new him well in later da ys , dea r ol d Billy das hing o n horsebac k ou t of his
sta bl es ( u st where th e new par t o f M oreton s no w s ta nds ), a terror to u nwar
’

j y
pa ssers b y ; or else has tily rushing u p to school, gown and ca p awry ; or calling bill
-

in the Fou r th Form room ,by th e aid of one pa i r of spectac l es ,while two other pa irs
were res ti ng at va ri ous eleva ti ons on h is f orehea d ; or pau s i ng in so me boy s roo m ,
’

as h e went h is ro u nds a t night, to rea d his o wn l etters a lou d , to th e i nfi n i te am u se

ment of th e su pposed sleeper ; or ner vou sly c lu tch ing th e table c loth at a di nn er -

ar ty as so me y ou ng wiseac re was l ayi ng d o wn th e l a w, u ntil th e gatheri n storm

p g
burst, sotto voce, upon h is neares t neighbour, Li ttl e f ool h e d oes n t understand a ’

b it a bo u t it H e was too honest to l et the c on ce i t pas s , and yet too ki ndly to

’
.

wo u nd th e spea ker s f ee li ngs Hones ty and kindl i ness there you ha ve the man
’
.

As a Lati n sch o lar, he ha d th e c redi t of bei ng q u ite firs t rate Only those over -
.

wh om h e reigned , wi thout governing, can descr ibe th e occu pa ti ons and amu sements
of a n o rdi nary Fo ur th For m sc ho ol Th e tex t on h is tomb in th e chu rc hyard
.

describes mu ch that was good a nd winni ng in this warm hear ted f riend Keep -
.

innocency, an d ta ke heed u nto the thi ng tha t is right, f or tha t shall bri ng a man
pea ce a t th e las t ( Ps xxxv ii 3 8 ’
. Ou tward ly , we ha ve th e cha pe l spi re as
.
,
”
his memoria l ; b ut a better memoria l,our l ove of th e ma n, lies dee p in many hear ts .

iii
( ) . A n en ti rely di f f eren t c ha r ac ter w as t h e t eac h er o f th e U n d er Sh ell , M r .

W W Phelps Here was a man of a ca lm, eq uable, and perha ps rather co ld tem
. . .

era ment ; not wanti ng in firmness , b u t never roused to anything like an er A

p g s a .

conseq uence, h is c las s roo m was i nva ri ably qu i et and order ly

-
M r Phelps h ad , f or . .

”
a b oardi ng hou se ,
-
The Park , one of th e most charmi ng resid ence s in Harro w .

iv ) Nex t comes a mas ter , M r B H Kennedy, wh o in po int of c l ass ica l , and

( . . . .

es pec i a lly G reek , sc hol ars hip, was a good head and s hou ld ers a bo ve every o ther

member of th e teaching sta f f , except, perhaps , M r H Dr ury By a stra nge dis . . .

ensa tion , u na vo ida bl e, no d ou bt, where th e as s ignment of th e vari o u s p osts went

p
by seni ori ty, the charge of th e Fourth Form, th e lowes t b ut one, f ell to th e l ot of
this disti ngui shed man A nd that hu mble pos i ti on h e continued to occ u py u ntil ,
.

in 1 8 3 5 , h e was appo inted to a pos t more worthy of his grea t atta i nm ents , th e
headmas ters hip of th e f a m ous Shrewsbury schoo l M r Kennedy s wea k point was . .
’

h is temper This , at times , was qu ite u nmana geable It does not appear that in
. .

sc hoo l ,or e ven in p upil r oom,ad vanta ge was (more uer or u m) taken o f thi s i nf ir mi ty
p
-

b u t a mong M r Kennedy s boarders there were not wan ti ng s pirits of mi sc hi ef , wh o

’
.

wo u ld u tilise cert ain oc cas io ns, as , e g , Guy Fawk es Day, f or th e p ur pose of a

’
. .

” ”
Kennedy bait Th e usu a l pl an was to draw him by explodi ng fireworks of
.

th e noisi es t poss ible descr iption under hi s stu dy windo ws , an annoy ance wh ich
 84 HAR R OW SCHOOL
never f ai led of its des ire d h was to produ ce a tempest of wrath on po or
ef f ect, whic

M r Kennedy s part
.
’
Yet, f or al l his def ects of temper, h e was not u npo pu la r, and
.

h is ho use was one of th e bes t and mos t com f orta bl e of boarding h ouses From the
-
.

”
pos ition of Th e Grove, al most at the very top of the hill , extensi ve views co u ld
b e obtai ned ; a nd th e wri ter well recollects watc hi ng th e burn in g of th e H ous es o f
Parliament, on th e night of the l 6th October 1 8 3 4, f ro m his bedroom wi nd ow in
th e u pperm os t story .

v ) M r Kennedy was s u cceeded by M r T H S tee l ,a l so a di sti n gu i s hed s c ho lar ,

( . . . . .

a nd a mathema ti c i an to boot Of him it was co mmonly sa id tha t it was s i mply

.

impossible to pu t Tommy ou t of temper Th e experiment was , nevertheless , .

”
t ri ed on th e firs t 5th of N ovember af ter his arri val a t Th e Gro ve R esu lt .

a n enti re f ailure O th e explos i o

f . n s — f or th re e w ere se era l
v — Stee l took no sort
o f notice at th e ti me B u t, next da y, th e ou trage having bee n l a id bef ore th e
.

head mas ter, a severe sentence was passed on th e whole house E very b oy had a .

long pu nishment, th e nu mber of li nes va ryi ng with his stan ding in th e school and
in the house A nd thi s, to th e bes t of th e wr i ter s belief , was th e first and l as t
’
.

”
a ttemp t to et a r i se ou t o f T o mmy S tee l
g .

( v i ,.v ii ) T.o w ar ds th e en d o f D r L o n gl e
.y s h ea
’
d s hip , it see m s t o h a ve oc c ur re d
to th e au thori ti es that it was abo u t ti me that s u ch s u bj ects as mathema ti cs and
— —
modern languages French, at any rate shou ld find places in th e school cur
r ic ul u m Up to that ti e, t d b
. m i h a ee n e n v a s—
l f t to i di idu l boy or,rather, to their
—
parents to dec ide whether either su bj ect shou ld b e learnt or not Th e conseq u ence .

was that, whil e so me f ew boys resorted to M r Jac o b M aril lier f or i ns tru cti on in wha t
.

h , natural ly b i g H hm ) ll d l m t h é m i
”
— w h h ( d
e
( e n a e n c a n , ca e es a a t ques , en ce e a n

his brother a l so , wi th l es s j us ti fica ti on ) got to b e ca ll ed Tee k — ha rdly a ny seem

to have l earnt Fren ch un der M r Jacq u es M aril lier . B u t in 1 8 3 4 French was mad e
.

co mpu l sory, and , short ly a f terwards , m athema ti cs a ls o ,when th e r a is on d etr e o f th e

’

t wo brothers beca me more a ppa ren t than it had h i th er to been Bes ides teaching
.

mathema ti cs , M r Jac o b M aril l ier was th e s choo l pur veyor of sta ti onery of al l ki nds
. .

Both th e brothers, being pl eas ant and genia l,were genera l f avour i tes wi th th e boys .

3 Wi th regard to what was i ncl u ded in th e sc hoo l teachi ng, li ttle need b e
.
-

s a id , s i nce H arr ow, in this res pec t, di f f ered hardly at al l f ro m oth er p u bli c sc hool s .

Clas sics , of course, f ormed th e p iece de r es is ta nce E verything else was su bord inate
. .

Up to a certain poi nt th i s was well ,and th e wr i ter is very f ar indeed f rom qua rre l
l ing with the su premacy s o loya lly accorded to Latin and Greek A t th e sa me time, .

there is no qu esti on th at th e b e ce a l read y

a s n — re f e rred to — o f al l i nstru cti o n in

modern languages , and in mathemati cs , as parts of th e sch oo l system, was a f a ta l

mistake,and enta iled seri ou s af ter di sadvan ta ges Th e same may be said of history ,
-
.

—
wh i ch f ormed a very minu te part of th e teach i ng n ot more than ab o ut o ne hour in
—
th e wee k bei ng devoted to anci ent hi story Engli sh,and,i ndeed ,all mod ern hi sto ry ,
being al together ignored On Sundays an hour as gi en to Di in i ty to wit,
. w v v —
th e Greek Testa men t,wi th or wi thout th e notes of Bloom field, or so me other recent
commenta tor Th e wr iter ca n rec ollect no oth er religious teachi ng
. I n those days ,.

there bei ng no schoo l cha pel , th e boys h ad to reso rt, on Su nday morn ing and af ter
n oon, to th e paris h c hu rc h,where they were placed in th e two h uge gal leri es , whi c h
86 HA R R OW SCHOOL
”
B etween Chri stm as and Eas ter hare and hou nds came
- -
mos t popu l ar
in , a
a m u se m en t .An d here may b e m enti oned a co gnate spo rt, whi ch , a lthou gh in th e
—
highes t degre e u nla wf u l s inc e it i nvol ved th e getti ng ou t of th e house a f ter loc k
ing u p ti me, whi ch e i t, h
-
x o w ev er ac co mpl i h d ,
s e was n ot by he f r
t o n t door — was
”
in du lged in c hiefly by th e K enned yites of Th e Grove This was ca lled Jack 0
.
’

Lautem it was a ki nd of noct urn al hare and hou nds ,and ,a pa rt f rom its illega li ty
- -
,

h ad grea t poss ibili ti es Th e

. hare ca rried a dark lantern, and , displ aying th e
light at i ntervals, l ed th e hou nds over fields , hedges , di tc hes , etc For thi s .

sport, th e dar ker th e n ight and th e more f o rmid abl e th e o bstac les th e be tter .

Eventu ally, th e thing came to the ears of Dr Longley ; and the indignant orati on,
.

in whi c h h e so me what pompou sly a nnou nced h is determi nati on to p u t a stop t o

”
thi s system of Jac k 0 L an thom , was l ong remembered
’
-
.

Then th ere was ba thi ng in th e histori cal Du c k puddle , then a very i nf eri or
-

” ”
place compa red wi th the greatly i mproved Du c ker of to d ay A t Th e Grove -
.

h
t ere w as a po n d in whi c h b at hi ng w as a ll o wed — t o th e bo ard ers — in th e ear ly
morn ing ; and a t Th e Par k there was a fine shee t of wa ter in whi ch boys used
someti mes to ba the . I t was here that the wr i ter was , on o ne s u ch occa si o n, al l b u t
d ro wn ed .

One more game re ma i ns to b e menti oned , a nd that a very f avou ri te one,

rac k ets , pla yed in tho se days in th e sc hoo ly ard .Th e wr i ter be li eves that H arro w
has genera lly,if not a l way s, held a pre e mi n ence a mong p u bli c sc hoo ls in thi s game
“

o f rac k ets , in s pi te o f — o r , it ma
y b e , in co nseq u ence o f — th e di ff icu lties p rese n ted

—
by the pri ncipa l cou rt of ol d days that of the Sixth Form where th e game —
was play ed agai nst th e ol d Eliza betha n f ro n t, wi th its ma ny wi re c o vered wi ndo ws ,-

co rbe ls , stri ng courses , an d proj ect i on s of a l l ki n ds

-
.

HE N R Y LA SC E LLES JE N NE R
( B is h op)
.
 C H A P T E R XI

DR . C H R I STO PH E R ‘VO R D S ‘VOR TH m

H A R R O VV I N TH E F O RTI E S
I NTR OD UCTOR Y
I r was n ot u ntil I had p u t together th e f o llowi ng remi n iscences of H arrow in my time ,

1 8 4 1 46, tha t I ca me to rea lise th e pec u liar in terest a ttac hi ng to th e peri od of Dr

-
.

‘Vord wor th s h ead mas tership I t is su f ficient to poi nt ou t tha t Dr A rnold

’
s . .

began his work at R ugby in the year 1 8 28 , and that Dr Wordswor th beca me .

head mas ter of Ha rro w eight years l ater, in th e year 1 8 3 6 I t may b e tru thf u l ly .

sa id tha t Dr Words worth s term of of fice at Harrow represented th e transi ti on

’
.

period of th e English Public Schoo l ; tha t it wi tnessed at onc e the ol d ré gime in

f ull operati on ,and th e first d awn of th e revol u ti on whi ch h as so l arge ly transf orm ed
the p u bli c sc hoo ls as pl aces of ed ucati on— a revol u ti on th e f ul l f orce of whi ch

e ven n ow is by no mea ns spent .

DE CLI N E I N N UM BE RS I N DR VVoanswoa rn s TI M E
1 . TH E .
- ’

When Dr Words worth lef t H arrow in December 1 8 44, I was one of 69 boys at
.

th e sch ool A n d yet in th e two previ ou s year s we h ad won bo th matches ( W in

.

c hes te r an d E ton ) a t Lo rd s in su ccess i o n Th e grass may ha ve gro wn in th e streets

1 ’
.

o f H arrow d u ri ng th a t peri od , b u t th e grass certai nly did n ot gro w u nd er ou r f eet ;

f ew as we were,we knew h o w to u phold th e honou r an d th e trad i ti ons of th e sc hool .

I t is pop ul ar ly su pposed that Dr Word sworth was res pon sibl e f or thi s f a lli ng .

of f in th e nu mbers I n my opi ni o n , tha t is a has ty as s u mpti o n, bas ed u pon a

.

s u perfici a l vi ew Th e sc hoo l , in f act,h ad begu n to go d o wn in th e first Dr Butler s

’
. .

ti me . I t had con ti nued to fl ouri s h f airly u ntil th e year 1 8 3 5 ; b ut then, a t th e

c l ose of Dr Lo ngley s t i me, th e n u mbers h ad f a ll en to 1 65
’
. .

Th e ca uses of th e dec l ine, n o t only at H arro w, b u t al so a t other school s, 2

1
h p i d ( M A H yg th)
Th e grass grew in th e streets of Harrow u rin g t is d er o r. . a ar .

2
d l b l d h th t t W t ni t , wh wh n
Th e ec in e in n u m ers was a most coin c i ent wit a a es r n s er er e, e

G d gh w m t i 1 8 21 3 00 h l
oo en ou as till tt
as er d d B t, f lli g i 1 8 24 t 260
n , sc o a rs s a en e . u a n n o ,
nu mb ers
g d lly d wi
radl d til i
ua 1 8 3 1 t h w 2n0 2 W e tmi tun , ll t
, ld
n d i 1 8 4
, 1 , ere e re es n s ers a o , an n

on ly 67 ( W tmi t S h l P t d P es t, by F H F
ns er h ll , p 1 1 3 ; q t d by M
c oo , as an r es en . . ore a . uo e r.

Perc y M Th t ) S imil ly t R gby, th mb wh i h i 1 8 21 w ( t W tmi t )

. orn on . ar ,a u e nu ers c n ere as a es n s er

3 00 , g d lly d wi dl d
ra ua til in 1 8 27, th y n f th e pp i tm t f D A ld, th y h d
un e ear o e a o n en o r. rn o e a

f ll
a en t 1 23 o .
88 HA RR OW SCHOOL
proba bly lay deeper Th e cou ntry was waki ng up f ro m the l ong continued.

s ta nati on of th e N apo leo n i c wars ; it was in th e throes of a great poli ti ca l ,

g
rel igi ous , a nd m ora l struggle Not to spea k o f other th i ngs, th e Trac ta ria n
.

Movement a t Oxf ord was in progres s ; A rnold had only j us t been elected to
R ugby a peri od of c han e was i mmi nen t ; pu bli c opi ni on was ca lli ng f or a
1
g
higher standard of condu ct , a higher moral tone in the pu bli c sc hoo ls ; and , at th e 2

sa m e ti me, t h e su premacy of th e a n c i ent c l as s i ca l learni ng as th e so le i ns tru m ent

of ed uca ti on was bei ng ca lled in qu es ti o n .

Dur i ng this period of expec tancy, Harrow was , to say th e least, not in strong
ha nds , di scipli ne had been re lax ed , a nd th e school had los t f avour acc ordi ngly .

Thi s was the state of thi ngs in th e country at large, a nd in the pu bli c sc hools ,
At th
1 l f 1 8 27
e c ose o Th Re A g t . H w iting e v. 2 6th M u h 1 8 28 t th m th
us u s ar e, r on a rc o e o er

o f A th r S t nl y, y
ur a A y
e sa w s th t th p re f l l th
ou a fitt d t g t with b y
ar e a e erson o a o ers e o e on o s

i j t el t d m t
s us ec e f R gby ? H i
as er o m i A n ld u H i ‘Vyk h mi t
s na e d F ll w f
s r o . e s a e a s an e o o

Oil r e m al l t d b y d ll th
an ca c u a e t , g f t
e on m d a h l o h i pers , d m d n o en ra o ern sc o ars an o er

imp m t n th l d f hi n d t m f p bli d ti And g i l tt !

rove en s o e o -
as o e s e o i a u f w c e u ca on . a a n, n a e er a e

m th l t ,h
on s a er y W h
e sa s A ld h b th en( t R by
rno
g ) t y as h w
een i ll h m d ere a u en ears , e ave a e

it g d
a oo h l, p h p i m p t th
sc oo er a s n so y b t i th i l d b t t n iti t t i
e r es ec s e v er es n e s an u a ra s on s a e s

a lw y a s f d bt
on e o d d li ou y (B i g p hi l S k t h by A g t J C H pp 1 9
an e cac o ra ca ec es , u u s us . . a r e, .
,
In a l tt f m th l t M t f B lli l t D G hill, d t d 28 th J 1 8 4 2, M J w tt
e er ro e a e as er o a o o r . r een a e u ne r. o e

sa id I t i pl ing i d ed t
s eas m mb n th t h w
e th fi t p
o re e n wh er lly d t d
a e as e rs erso o r ea con uc e a

p ubli hc sc l Ch
oo i t i onp in ip l r s( L if an f B rJ w tt i c es e o . o e , .

C di l M nni g wh w t H w i th y 1 8 22—
2
ar na a n , o as a 26 gi arr o th f ll wi g n t f
e ea rs , ves e o o n acc ou n o

th t t
e s a e o f th h l in hi d y W h d lib ty l m t g t
e sc oo s a e t O f
a a d b t it w er a os as r ea as a x or , u as

th e l ib ty f b y ; d th f n t l d ng h h f d fi k d W
'

er o o s an er e or e
, t g o i esst i a w er ou s ou o a eren n . e ere

lit l ly with t ligi g id

e ra ou re f m ti n
ou s u Th i
an ce , or i th h hw f m t f
or a o . e s er v ces n e c u rc er e or os o

th b y w th n l Th p bl i ligi i t ti w d i g W ll C t hi m ’
e o s ors e a u se ess . e u c re ou s n s ru c on as r ea n a er s a ec s

on S d ym i gf
un a orn n h in h l d i p i t t E
or an ou r sc oow d P l y E id
an n r va e, a van s ,
’
e r ea a e
’
s v ences ,

or L li es D i m
e on esH w w . t i nly th l t ligi tim f my lif
arro as c er a O e ea s re ou s e o e. n

S un d y m ning B tl
a or d t w lk p d d w in th g t h l, d ll p n t d
s u er u se o a u an o n e rea sc oo an ca u o us o r ea .

I nl y
o m mb re n th ing h
e er o e id b t it d id m g d th t wh e on c e sa , w w u l gh d t f e oo a , en e er e au e a or

re ligi n, g l w o an j iig
e s ere re o c n I l ik d th l i over u s. W h d t w it L ti e d e c ass cs . e a o r e a n an

Engl i h e y , d l ti
s s sa s d Gan k a n an H ww ree pl vers e t pl . b t I l k b k arro as a easan ac e , u oo ac

o n it with d ( P
sa n ess ll L il i f C d i
u rce l M
’
i gs l iao p ar na a nn n , vo . . .

Thi d with th d
s ac cor s ipti g i eby Cesc rM i l , f t
on w d D
ven n f E ly , w h
. w t er va e a er ar s ea o o as a

H arr ow t th a m tim e sa O d fi i y in ligi , d

e e ur e c en c it m t b dd d i m l
re ou s an even , us e a e , n ora ,

t ini g m y
ra n am p inf l efl ti
cause or e Wh a I fi t m t H
u r ec on w th F
. th F m en rs ca e o arro , e ou r or
‘
did G
’
k T t m t n S d y m ning t th h d m t
ree es a en o a un a Wh n h w
or M o e ea as er . e o eve r r .

C nningh m Vi
u a f H
, w b
car m o n f th G
arr o , eca h w e on t ti fi d with th
e o e overn ors , e as o sa s e e

imp iti os f l n n th h ly d y d th S nd y G e k T t m nt w d pp d N
on o a ess o o e o a , an e u n a r e es a e as ro e . or ca

I fli m f m my w
a r r
, o ll ti th t it pl e w t k by y th
o n rec o ec on , a sligi t hi g in y
ac as a en an o er re ou s eac n an

o f th e F m th or g h s t th w
rou k e oup t t h t D Be t l h
ee d t
, h S i
x ce t h F m f a h lf h r. u er a e x or or a an ou r

o n S dy t
un a d Th Evid n i h i lib y (Th t H w p
s o rea e e ces n s rar orn on s
’
ar ro , .

T q t o u o e on
e th th ity ; i o lett dd es ed t th th f th e Lif f D A n ld
er au or n a er a r s o e au or o e o r . r o ,
D M b ly , th n h d m t
r. o er e f W in h e t , f
ea as er ing t th i pe i d
o c y s er Th t n f
r e er r o s r o sa s : e o e o

y ng m n t th Uni ity, wh th e th ey m f m W i h t , Et ,R gby H w,

ou e a e ver s e r ca e ro nc es er on u , arro or

wh el e , w
er ever ni
s lly i ligi
as u versa A ligi nd
rre g d t
ous w . y re y m h ou s u er ra ua e as ver rar e, ver uc

l gh d t whe h pp d , d I th i k I m y fid tly y h dly t be f d m g

au e a n e a ea re an n a con en sa , ar o ou n a on

p bli hool m n ;
u c -sc if th i b t
e or , t g ly id h s dl y e t b f
oo s ron n d pt in w
sah , ar o e ou ex ce cas es er e

p i te nd d m ti t ining, g d di p iti , h d p e iled e h l h bit d

r va a o es c ra or oo s os on s a r va ov r sc oo a s an

t nd e i
e n c es.
90 H A R R OW SCHOOL
Church par ty, and tha t h e was in tending to make th e boys Pa pi s ts Thi s l ost the
1
.

schoo l th e s u ppo rt of th e E va n ge li ca l pa rty a t th e very ti me when , o wi ng to h i s

strong as sert i o n of th e para mou nt c la i ms o f di sc ipli ne, th e su pp ort o f th e p o li ti ca l

and soc i al wor ld was a ls o bei ng l o st .

Thus th e truer versio n of th e f ac ts wo u ld b e, tha t Dr Words wor th was a mora l .

re f ormer , not wi se perhaps in h is gen era ti on ; and that h e me t th e f a te whi c h u ni

versa l l a ttends a l l ef f orts a f ter ref o rm , a l l atte mp ts a t d o i ng go o d D r W ord s

y . .

wor th pl an ted , b u t a no ther watered and gai ned th e i ncrea se A t th e firs t H arrow .

dinner which Dr Vau gha n a ttend ed , a f ter h is el ecti on in Dr Words worth s place ,
. .
’

”
h e sa id : I ca me to Ha rrow, expecting to find a desert, a nd I f ou nd a garden .

II HA R ROW
. IN TH E FORTI E S
Th e Harrow of Dr VVords worth s ti me was a very di f f erent place f ro m the
.
’

Harrow of th e presen t day When I first went there in 1 8 4 1 , th e London a nd

.

North Wes tern R a il way h ad not long been fini shed There were two Speech days
-
.
-

in Ju ne and Ju ly Un til Dr Longl ey s ti me there h ad been even a thi rd , in M ay

’
. . .

v s —
Th e Go ern ors wou ld dri e d own in their ca rri age a nd f our vir i a mp l iss imi ( in
v - -

th e s tereo typed phr as e of th e Conc io) , in senses of th e epi thet whi ch d o not a pply
to thei r degenera te s u c cess ors I n those d ay s we play ed rac k ets in th e s choo l
.

yard , th e Si xth Form agai n t th e school bu ildi ng, with th e wall of the milli ng
s

ground a t th e back , th e Fi f th Form on th e wa ll opposi te th e school steps, th e Shell

in th e c orner to th e r ight Th e Six th and Fi f t h Form gam es , o wi ng to thei r
.

dif f erent loca l condi tions , di ff ered mu ch in charac ter In th e Si xth Form game, it .

was co mpu l sory to ser ve on th e big chi mney , ba ck handers f ro m L eith wa ll be i ng

’
-
s

a l so c o mpu l so ry , and a p rinc ipa l f ea ture of th e ga me ; b u t a re tu rn ba c k b e nd er -

f ro m th e milling grou nd wa ll was no t c omp u ls ory , b u t o pti o nal Some of th e .

ha ppi es t hou rs of my sc hool lif e were spent on th e Sixth Form grou nd , playi ng
with W Nicholson, Soames , or VVoodh ou se , and S am H oa re Those were ga m es
. .

i ndeed , and worthy of th e gods .

Comi ng to cri cket, we played Wi nches ter as well as Eto n at Lo rd s , at th e end ’

o f th e su mmer q ua rter ; Wi n ches ter on th e Wed nesd ay and Thursday , E to n o n th e

Friday and Saturday , of th e first week of th e holidays Th e cri ck et then was very .

di f f eren t f rom what it is no w I a m not sure b u t that it was n ot then be tter

.

managed H ouse matches did not exist,or at any rate were not a llowed to i nterf ere
.

wi th th e regu lar sc hool ga mes Thus th e interes t in c ricket was not diss ipa ted ;
.

it was th e c ric k et of th e wh ol e sc hoo l Nowad ays , as a f ri end has sa id to me,

.

”
Harro w has become a conglomerati on of hou ses , i nstead of being Harrow .

I n those t i mes,too ,we played ou r ga mes ,so to s pea k of ou r own bats ,managi ng ,

th e ga mes o ursel ves , wi thou t th e ass i sta nc e of a ny mas ter I n th e choi ce of th e .

Eleven, th e capta in consul ted th e Sixth Form c lu b kee pers , c onsisti ng of hi mself -

and th e head of th e sc hool , ea: qflic io , a nd o f t wo other el ec ted members I f the .

1
I t i i t e ti g t
s t th t th fi t p
n er s n o no e p p d by h im E min f th e h l
a e rs e rsons ro os e as xa ers or sc o ar

s hip w th R H gh J R
s er e e ev . d th R
u .J h n K bl ( L t t
ose an t th G n dtd
e ev . o e e e er o e over ors , a e

26th N mbe
ove r
 H AR R OW IN THE FO R TIES 91

head of th e school were not a cri cketer, h e did not interf ere I n my ti me, there .

were on ly three c lu b keepers , I bei ng head of th e Eleven as well as hea d of the

-

schoo l . A ls o, f ro m my tim e f orwa rds , th e ca ptai n was lar gely guid ed by Frederic k
Ponso nby and Ro bert Grimston ; b u t they on ly ad vised , never dictated ; and no
o ne el se ever s ought to i nfl uence th e deci s i on of th e ca p ta i n of th e El even S o, .

being thr own u pon ours e lves, we learned res ponsibili ty, and its u sef u l less ons I .

s peak with k nowledge, f or I was cap ta i n f or two years , in 1 8 45 and 1 8 46 .

Th e disc ipli ne in th e Sixt h Form ga me then was very stri ct N o one was .

a ll o wed to ta l k ; and , if a member of th e E leven h ad th e mi sf o rtu ne to mi ss a

ca tc h , h e a po l ogi s ed to th e capta in I n the first sc hoo l match th a t I ever pl ayed

.

on th e H arrow groun d , th e year bef ore I was in th e El even , 1 was l ong s top Th e -
.

c apta i n of th e Eleven , W Ni c ho l son , k ep t wi c k et

. I well remember that I wou ld
.

soo ner have l o st a fin er than l et a b e — su ch was m awe o f the ca pta i n A n d

g y y .

t h e l
res u t o f all t hi s— to use M r Ni c h o
.l so n s o wn w o rd
’
s t m
o e— was , th a never

was there su ch stri ct cri c ket, n ever was there such good cr i c k et, never did th e b oys
”
enj oy c ri c k e t more .

There was no Philathletic Field in my time The ol d cric ket ground,the groun d
.
-

of Pa lmerston and Byron, su f ficed f or u s There were th e Sixth and Fi f th Form

.

ga mes as they no w are, b u t in f ar m ggeder, rougher, and more u nlevel f ornr ;

a nd th e Shel l ga m e was pla y ed on th e hill s ide a bo ve th e Fi f th Form ga me In .

those days we took thi ngs as we f ou nd them, we m ad e th e best of them , and we

were not th e worse cri c keters .

Th en the dress as so di e nt When e pl yed th e town th e best match of

w f f re . w a —
h q —
t e u arter 4 everal of th e town Eleven, even on th e ho ttes t d ay, wou ld a ppear in
blac k c l oth trou sers and a fla mi ng red plu sh wai stcoat I n particu lar, I re member .

George Dixon and Ben Page, th e lat ter of whom, at one of these matches ,
di stinguished hi mself by coin i ng an epithet worthy of H omer Bless me, if here
”
i sn t j aw me dead Cra wley coming in, re f erri ng to an excellen t cri c keter, wh o was
’
- -

powerf u l wi th the tongu e as well as wi th th e b at Th e dress of the Eleven was .

di f f erent W e wore a pink silk j ersey , a survi va l no d ou bt f rom th e ol d archery

.

dre ss, su ch as may b e seen in Ro mney s portra it of Sayer in th e Vau gha n Library ,
’

and a high to h at T h e Wi nches ter Eleven u sed to wear high whi te or ra ther
p
-
.
,

yellowish, beaver ha ts I t seems wonderf u l now h ow we played on th e hottest

.

days in thes e ha ts B u t so it was , and tha t it was the genera l custom th en may b e
.

seen f ro m e ngra vi ngs o f c ri c k et m a tc hes of th e peri od .

Th e sc ene a t Lord s du ri ng th e sc hoo l ma tc hes was als o very di f f erent

’
We .

began to play at eleven o c lock , and the stu mps were not drawn until eight o c loc k
’

.
’
.

When we played Winches ter there wou ld b e only a modera te spri nkli ng of spec
ta tora on th e ground I n th e ma tch wi th E to n, Lord s wou ld b e f ai rly fill ed , b u t
’
.

th ere was ample opportu ni ty f or see i ng and enj oyi ng th e cri c k et, and there
was no l et to th e ba ll bei ng h it to th e s ides of th e grou nd I t was , in f ac t, .

a rea l cri c k et m a tch , f or cri c k e t s sa ke, and not a n overgro wn, f as hi o na bl e Lond on
’

p m
rcc .

Then, as no w, success at games cou nted more than success in the sc hool work .

When a b oy wh o was in th e Eleven, or, it might b e, ca ptain of the Eleven, go t

92 HA RR OW SCHOOL
pri zes , he was ch eered in the Speech room , not f or the honour of th e th i ng, not f or -

th e li terary hon ou r in th e work of th e sc hoo l , b u t f or th e credi t whic h i nc idental ly

ac cru ed to cr i c k e t Still games were not mad e th e f etish that they now are ; and
.

people then held by th e ol d f as hioned opini on that school was primarily a pl ace f or
-

wor k .

Having thus s poken of the cric ket, I pa use to pay a pass i ng tribu te of warm
af f ect i on to my ear ly i nstruc tor in cr i c k et, th e d early l oved f ri en d of m y ou th, th e
y
-

f ri end of n u mberl ess generati ons of H arrow men, th e late Lord Bessb orough He .

ta ught me to play cricket ; and I was th e firs t, or one of th e earlies t, head s of th e

Eleven wh o had the benefit of his j u dgment in choosi ng my Elevens In my .

dista nt day h e was as as sidu ous in h is attendance on th e cricket grou nd as h e was -

u t o th e las t H i s na m e will ever remai n assoc ia ted wi th H arrow cr i ck et B ut

p . .
,

even above h is grea t ser vi ce to H arrow cr i ck et, m us t b e rec koned his pr i ce le s

s
ser vi c e to th e sc hoo l in its highest and deepest i nterests H e was one wh o, above .

a l l men , bore, qu i etly and unostentati ou s ly , b u t m os t truly , th e grand ol d na m e

”
of gentleman H e was one of Na ture s gentl em en , a tru ly, honest, s impl e,
.
’

unas su min g, b u t s trong and self res pec ti ng man I n h is presence no word , no
-
.

thought, of evi l cou ld have been s pok en or entertai ned H is was on e of those rare .

na tures, a t once mos t mascu line, a nd m ost tend er and l ovable, po werf u l to attrac t,

and eq ual ly powerf u l to exert an u nd efinab l e, b u t un mi sta ka bl e, i nflu ence over al l

wh o ca me und er th e charm of his presence H e is th e firs t and only H arrovi an in .

m emory of whom a ser vice has been held in th e chapel of th e sc hool which he loved
so well , a servi ce a ttend ed by th e boys and by th e f ri end s wh o mour n h is l oss, as

th e l oss of a f ri end to Har row, su c h as H arrow will never see aga in .

I was first of all at M rs L eith s, now the vicarage th e last of the dam es .
’
,
’

houses , a house wh ich was c l osed a t th e end of my firs t year Nothing, perhaps .

illus trates more vi vidly th e do wn ward c ourse of th e sc hool in Dr Word sworth s

’
.

las t years t han my own experience as a boarder When M rs Leith a house was . .
’

c losed , I went to th e Grove Af t er my firs t y ear there , M r Stee l also went away ,
. .

and was su cceeded by M r S hil l eto th e well kno wn Ca mbridge sch ol ar

1
.
-
A f ter a .

year, he also lef t Harrow,the Grove was shu t up,and I f ound ref uge f or th e las t
time at th e Park In f ac t, af ter this time there were onl y th ree boa rdi ng h ouses ,
.
-

viz th e Par k ( M r H arr is s , M r Ox enh a m s , and Drury s A d h mb i ’

)
’ ’
. . . n , as t e n u e r s n .

th e sc hool were a bou t 8 0 7 0 , tha t wou ld gi ve an average of l ess than 30 f or ea c h

-

house A t th e present time th e nu mber of boardi ng houses, large and smal l , is 1 8

.
- .

This spectacle of dwi ndling nu mbers and cl osed hous es was a mel ancholy one f or
2

1
Af t hier t n t C mb idge M
s re u r o S h il l t
a r d to pe k f th e ble i g f nity p n
, r. e o u se s a o ss n s o u u o

whi h D tV d w th d welt, t time wh n th e h l w s d d t n mb on ”

c r. or s or a a e sc oo H h a re u ce o u er e. e as

been d ib d escr e ne of th
as og e t t m d n Ge ec i n
r a es
, w h g e o p t
er h i p p i
rl w h t
a s o av u o s u s a

meant f th e w ld f l et te , nd l f t f w p bl i h ed p oof s f h i
or or o rs a e e m k bl tt inments
u s r o s re ar a e a a .

2 “Onl y 1 5 b y me to Ho s ca w d ing f tb ll q arro te in 1 8 4 1 ;

ur ly 1 1 d ing k t
oo a uar r on ur ra c e

q ua rt er ,1 8 4 2 ; n l y 5 do in g c i k t qur t 1 8 4 2 ;
r c o n l y e1 0 d i g
u ar er ,f t b ll q t e , 1 8 42 ; ly ur n oo a uar r on

3 d in g f tb ll q
ur oo a te , 1 843 ; nd nl y 3 d i g
uar r i k et q
a o t , 1 8 43 (
ur nM A H y g
cr c th u ar er r. . a ar ,

quo e t d by M Thr. n t n , H or
r o w So h l p 28 3
a r n t ) I n f
c oo , t , d . ing th e e ig h
o e t y ea .o f D ac ur rs r.

I V d w th
or s or he dm te hip n ly 28 7 b y w e nte d C mp e with thi th e f t th t
’
s a as rs o o s er e re . o ar s ac a

4 200 b y were ent ed d ing th e h d m te h ip f D M nt g B tl e

o s er ur ea as rs o r. o a u u r.
 H AR R OW IN THE FOR TIES 95

all c onnecte d with Harrow a t that time Bu t we boys never des paired of our .

co m mo nweal t h .

Old Harry Drury died in my firs t qu arter , a Harro w mas ter of the ol d
re ime a r excelle nce, a nd a c onnect i ng li n k wi th By r on and Pee l , wi th A berd ee n
g p
-

and Pa lm ers to n Th e sc hoo l c ha pel had then recently been bu ilt , a n erec ti on in
1
.

th e most debas ed style of architec tu re, a pla in, hideo us, red bric k bu ilding,
so met hi ng bet ween a c onven ti c le and a rac ket co u rt Our sea ts sl oped u pwards-
.

f rom th e eas t end Th e p resent c ha pe l was grad ua lly evo l ved ou t of thi s primi ti ve
.

struc ture . A t tha t time we wen t to th e pari s h c hu rch in th e morn i ng, the vi car
reser i n g th e right of preaching once a quarter in th e sc hoo l c ha pe l Th e ser vices
v
.

a t th e c hu rc h were p urely f orm a l M r Cu nn ingha m preac h ed l ong serm on s of th e

. .

good old f as hioned evange lica l type Th ey may have been very good , b u t we boys
-
.

in our ga llery a t th e wes t end cou ld no t hear a word that h e sai d Dr Words worth . .

whil ed a way th e time by readi ng h is Bible in Germ an, th e res t of u s as bes t we

might I t is a cu ri ous f ac t, and illus trative of th e drea my, unpractical dr if t of Dr
. .

Words worth s mind,that in th e first sermon prea ched by him (29 th September 1 8 3 9 )
'
’

in th e newly co nsec ra ted sc hool cha pe l , h e u sed these word s :

-
L et me, once f or al l ,
obser ve that, while we reso r t to thi s c ha pel , we d o not, and I tru st we never ha ll , s

f orsa ke our paris h c hu rc h On th e S un day m orn ing we sha ll asse mble there, in th e
.

af ternoo n here H ere, we are a congregation in ou rse lves ; there, we s ha ll b e a

.

a r t of th e parochi a l congre a t i o n I n d ely re m in d an n e here pres ent

p g ee scarc .
y o

tha t the i nfluences o f a parish c hu rch , su c h as those whic h ari se f rom th e very
na ture of th e place f rom th e venerabl e antiqu i ty of th e bu ildi ng, f ro m th e
a u thori ta ti ve c harac te r of th e mi n i st er are too p rec i ou s to b e l os t Dista nt , .

f ar di stant, b e th e day when we may b e depri ved of them ! A nd may it ever b e one
of th e uses of thi s c ha pe l , and one o f th e stronges t des i res of those wh o mi n is ter

wi thi n its walls , to s trengthen th e a tta chment a nd revere nce d u e f ro m us a l l to th e

”2
pari sh church !
There was then no headmaster s boarding house None of the newer bu ildings
2 ’
-
.

then exi sted . Th e p ro perty of th e schoo l a bout th e hill was limi ted in exten t, and
very di f f erent f rom what it h as no w bec o me, owi ng to th e mu n ificen ce of success i ve

old H a rro v i a n s , collec ti ve ly a nd i ndi vidua lly The mo ni to r s library was a sma l l
’
.

room on th e firs t fl oo r of th e sch oo l , n ow used as a Form roo m Th e Debatin g .

Soc iety, whi ch first met in th e mon itor s library , a se lect body of some five boys , ’

did not come into existence bef ore 1 8 45 , when the first moti on proposed by myself ,
as head of th e sc hoo l , was : Tha t there is reas on to believe in the existence of
”
secon d s igh t . E ven Du ck puddle ( we ca lled places than by their na mes , and not
-

by th e f antas tic abbreviati ons which n ow preva il ) h ad only rec ently ( 1 8 3 6) c ome
into use ; not th e S pacious expa nse of limpid water wh i ch no w gladdens th e eye,
b u t a con fined pon d of s tagnant fl u id , sta ndi ng u pon a b ed of deep sof t ooze, m u ch
”
f re qu ented by water snakes There, however, we bathed , as well as in th e cu t,
-
.

1
Mr H . rur
. D yb
eca me a H a rr ow mas ter in 18 00 .

2
S er mons p r eached a t H a rrow S chool , 1 8 4 1 , 12 p
. .

2
h d
I n 1 8 3 8 th e ea mas ter s ou se h ad ee n u rn t
’
h b b d own .
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
as th e cana l was ca lled . The ol d Speec h -
roo m , whi ch was in use in my time, h ad
n ot onl g been built .
1

Th e C rown and A nchor, a pu blic house next to th e sc hoolyar d , was then in -

f ull swi ng, kept by one Bli ss This in was pu lled down many years ago, and th e
.

s i te is no w th e p roperty of th e schoo l Th e C rown and A nchor, though so near, .

perhaps bec au se so near, th e school, was never in my time a nu isance in th e way of

dri nk I t was the custom, whenever a fight was on in the milling grou nd , f or two
.
-

pots of wa ter and a lemon to be procu red f ro m this pu blic house By a ru le of th e -

.

sc hoo l, fights a l ways too k place in p u bli c This was a wholes ome ru le, ensuring .

impa rtiali ty and f ai r play, which might ha ve been j eopardised in th e partial

-

atm os phere o f a boys h ou se

’
.

Perhaps th e greatest cha nge has taken place in th e space oppos ite the school ,
between th e hea dmas ter s house and th e si te of th e cha pel Wha t is now a lawn ,
’
.

in f ront of th e Vau gha n Libr ar y , was oc cu pi ed by two shops , k ep t by R owe, a

sa ddler, and Foster, a ba k er, whi c h w ere bou nded by a narro w ro ad or l an e l ea di ng
2— —
down to A ngelo s f encing oo m f orm r y Webb s dan c i ng room
l in which th e
’ ’
r e - -

speeches were deli vered previ ou s to th e erec ti on , in 1 8 1 9 , of th e ol d Speec h

roo m Half way down that road was the entran ce to Bli ss s sta bles ; while on ’
-
.

th e other s ide of th e same roa d was an ol d c ot tage occu pi ed by ol d C us tos, th e

f ather of S am Hoare, a nd reac hi ng to th e s ite of th e presen t cha pe l Th e head .

mas ter s sta ble was beyond th e pond , now filled u p, where Mr Bush el l s house now
’
.
’

Th e pri ncipa l tuck S hops f req uented by th e boys were those k ept by M rs
-
.

Parsons, on the right ( bef ore coming to W oodb ridge s) of th e street lea di ng down ’

to th e cri c ket groun d ; Jim W inkl ey s, n ex t th e C ro wn and A nc hor ; and M rs

’
-
.

W in kl ey s , j us t beyon d th e Ki ng s Hea d Bu t M rs Parsons was th e shop at which

’ ’
. .
’

we sa t down f or brea k f as t or di nner .

Th e boo ks e ller was M rs Ba ker

2
Sh e al so k ep t th e pos t office, and h er shop
. .
-

was i mm edia tely oppos i te th e hea dmas t er s house By a cur ious tradition, a shop ’
.

on th e lef t , nea rly oppos i te M rs Par so ns , b u t higher u p , whi c h h ad been

’
u t ou t
p .

of boun ds (f or c heati ng) in 1 8 3 8 , was never en tered by th e boy s d ur in g th e whol e

of my tim e a t H arr ow Th e room in th e schoo l u nder th e Fou rth Form roo m was
.

m ria ted then, as now, to th e sch oo l Cu s tos , S am H oar e , wh o s u cceeded h is

a
pp p
f ather in th e sa me of fice d u r ing my ti me .

By another c urious trad ition of my time, an un wri tten l aw of the sc hoo l pro
scr ibed th e use of a n u mbrella, a grea tcoat, or specta c le s N o b oy e ver car ri ed th e .

one, or wo re th e others Once, when a b oy was ca rrying an u mbrella, ol d Harry

.

Drury took it a way f rom him You might not answer you r na me a t a bill in a .

1 T h h b h
Fran cis r en c , wh o wit h is rot er , af t erwar s Ar c is o of Du in , was at Harrow, d hb h p bl
h
writing to his mot er in un e 1 8 20 , sa s J
Th e n ew S eec room is n ear y
n is e , an d oo s p h -
ly fi h d l k
ver ywe l l .

2 l p
In 1 78 7 coun se s O inion was ta en an d given in th e f a vou r of th e owners hi
’
k th e p by
Govern ors of th e sc oo h ld
a ncing room, er ect e Ant on asson i on an orc ar
-
in H arrow d by h yT h d
bl
e ongi ng t o th e G
overn ors ( Recor ds of H a rrow S c hool , E Scott , by J L . . . p .

2 I t was n ot u nti lD r. Vaug h an s

’
ti me t h
at t h er e was ab k ll oo se er to th e sc h l
oo .
98 H ARR OW SCHOOL
Even the n umber Of th e then exis ti ng pu blic school s, and th e nu mbers at eac h
1

of th ese sch oo l s, were in s triki ng co ntras t to th e sc hoo l s and nu mbers o f th e p resent

day F or i nsta nce, in 1 8 44 , th e n u mbers a t E ton were on ly 7 45

. .

Mathema tics were sca rcely recogni sed in the s choo l cu rricu lu m A mong th e
2
.

papers and records now deposi te d in th e Vau gha n Library will b e f ou nd a corre
s ondenc e between Dr Word s worth and th e G overnors ,soo n af ter D r Word s wor th s
’

p . .

access i on to th e hea d mas tership , in whi ch h e m emori al i ses th e G o vernors f or l ea ve

to ma k e m athemati cs a su bs ta ntive par t of th e schoo l course s

This strange f act
a t H arro w is c orrobora te d by th e equa lly str ange f ac t t ha t a t E ton, a f ew y ea rs

later, a distinguished banker and financier, now li ving, was ne ver ta ugh t a single
su m in ar i thmeti c Th e introd u cti on of math ematics a t Harrow was ,i n deed ,l ooked
.

u po n wi th di sf a vou r a t Oxf or d I t was regarded as an innova ti on , a nd cau sed th e .

sc hoo l to b e less popu lar in th e Uni vers i ty ; th e u nivers i ti es a t tha t ti me bei ng

( ac cordin g t o a sa yi n g of M r Brigh t ) pl a ces gi ven o ve r to th e d ead l a ngua

.
ges a n d
to u ndyi ng prej u di ces .

Of sc i en ce it mus t b e said tha t in my time, both at th e pu bli c s choo l s and a t

th e un i vers iti es , it was a thing unk no wn I t is sad to loo k bac k and think h ow .

mu ch valuable time, whi ch might have been gi ven to sc ience, to his tory , to
eography, to m od ern langua es , in f ac t, to th e c u l ti va ti on of th e f acu l ti es Of a n
g g
ordi nari ly ed u ca ted man, was was ted u p on th e i nan i ti es of Lati n verse comp os i ti on .

M r A ugustus Hare, wh o went t o Harro w in 1 8 47 , says

. I may trul y say that I 4

never learnt a ny thing usef u l at H arrow, and h ad li ttle chan ce o f lea rni ng any thi ng .

goo d whil e to- d ay, rea ing d

Cl k T l i E ar es
’
r a ve s n u rop e, et c , and . co p yi g m p i t
n so e r n s of Roman
ru in s . I h ave a so l fi i h d ding d t ki g
n s e r ea an a n some n otes of K en n e th R m
’
A ntiq
s o an u ities , an d

h b g P tt G i A tiq iti i th
ave e un o er s
’
r ec a n n u es n e same man n er .

Ch lt h m w f d d i 1 8 41 M lb gh i 1 8 43 ,R ll i 1 8 44 W lli gt i 1 8 53
1
e en a as ou n e n , ar o rou n osse n , e n on n .

M rNi h l
. i f m m th t wh
c o s on i 1 8 3 7 hi b th
n or s w t t R gby
e a , h fi d
en n s ro er en o u , on e c oac su ce ,
and m th ff
ore d t t k d w l l R gby b y t ti g f m L d
an s u i ce , o a e o n a u o s s ar n ro on on .

C M i l D
2
. f El y
er va e,y W w wh lly p ea n o i tifi ; m th m ti w,sa s limit d t e ere o r es c en c a e a cs er e e o

a b k f E lid lightly gl n d t by th S i th F m
oo o uc w k ;a ce ith m ti , lik w iti g
a e x or on c e a ee ar e c e r n ,
w t k
as f a
g t den lg b
or w k w
ran e (Th t aH w
e ra p F m
as u n h m f no n orn o n s
’
a r ro , . ro a sc e e o

w k d t d
or ,b t th y 1 8 3 9 it pp
a e a ou th t t S db gh G mm
e ea r S h l , hi t y a ea rs a a e er ra ar c oo s or ,

g g phy
eo ra , E gli h l it t dn m d l s
g g w t m
e ra u re, an h t d f o ern an ua es ere n o uc a ccou n e o .
”

C py f G
3
o M i t , l ti g t th pp i tm t f m th m ti l m t
o overn ors
’
n u es re a n o e a o n en o a a e a ca as er

M y 8 , 18 3 7 Thi m ti g h b
a . d f th p p
s ee f t king i t
n as id tieen con ven e or e ur os e o a n o c ons er a on

a L tt dd d by M W d w th t th G
e er a resse , f
r . ing t orth p di y f
s or o e overn ors re err o e ex e en c o

app i ting m th m ti l m te f g t tt i m t
o n a a e a ca i t t m t
as r o i th h lr ea e r a a n en s as an ass s a n as e r n e sc oo ,

with i w f i t d i g m th m ti
a v e o n r o uc n ti l p t f th h l d ti
a e a cs as an esse n a ar o e sc oo e u ca on .

Th L tt h igb
e e d th G
ers av n pp d f th gg t i m d by M
een r ea , e overnors a rove o e su es on a e r .

W d w th
or ds or t d t th , anmi ti f
ass en e m t p p d ; th G
o e no m na on o a as er as ro os e e overn ors r eco

m d i g th t
en n h m t h ld t a su c i ab d , t k p i t p p il
as er s ou wh i h M
no r ece ve oar ers nor a e r va e u s, c r .

Y g w di t d t mm i t t M I V d w th , d t t hi l tt i th M i t
oun as r ec e o co u n ca e o r. or s or an o en e r s e er n e nu e

b k f th G n
oo o e over ors.

Th m th m ti l m t th
e a e p pp i t d w M C l
a ca as e r f t w d Bi h p f N t l
er eu on a o n e as r . o enso, a er ar s s o o a a .

H el t d
a so h m t
ac e i D W d w th h
as ouse - , til
as er it w b n d d w ; D
r . or s or
’
s ouse un as u rn e o n r .

W d w th h lding th pi i ( d wi ly) th t h dm t
or s or o e O g h t n on t t h i
anm p d p se a a ea as er ou no o ave ose u on

him th b d nd e ur f b di g h
en a car e o a oar n -
ou s e.
4 The Story q y L if e, i 242 . .
 DISCIPLINE AT H AR R OW IN THE FOR TIES 99

H ours and ho urs were was ted daily on u seless Lati n verses wi th sickening monotony .

A boy s schoo l ed u ca ti on a t thi s ti me, except in th e high es t Forms, was hopel ess ly
’

”
man e .

Mus ic again, whi ch now occu pies so p romi nent a place at Harrow, was then
abs ol u tely u n k no wn Dr Word s worth wis hed to i ntrod u ce i nto th e sch oo l cha pe l
. .

th e practi ce Of s i ngi ng th e hymn s One even ing it was kn o wn thr ou ghou t th e .

sc hoo l tha t th e F our th Form ( a body of a bou t twel ve o r fif t een boy s) was to si ng,

l ed by M rs VVOrds worth , whose sea t was in a f ar c orner of th e ga llery

. In a .

trem ul ous voi ce M rs W ords worth bega n one of Tate and Brady s P sa lm s , when al l 1
’
.

th e res t of th e sc hoo l tu rned right a bou t f ac e to watch th e Fo ur th Form I ca n .

recal l thi s scene vi vidly I t illus tra tes so methi ng more than th e mu si ca l des ti tu ti on
.

of th e sc hoo l , f or it ill u s trates not on ly our ir reverent ways , b u t ( wha t is m ore to

the poi nt) th e ea rnest endea vour of a good ma n to m ake th e services of th e school
c hape l wha t they ou ght to b e, wha t, in f ac t, they ha ve s i nce becom e .

A n other scene in th e sc hool cha pe l I rem ember ; i ndeed , I ca n never f orget it .

On e S u nd ay eveni ng Dr W ords worth , wa l ki ng to h is s ea t, sa id a f ew word s t o th e

.

sc hoo l a bo u t th e importan ce of a re verent sa yi ng Of prayer bef ore we took our

s ea ts ; and then and there, where h e stood , h e knel t do wn a nd pray ed People .

may mi su ndersta n d Dr Words worth if they will, b u t thos e wh o were un der h im

.

wil l bear thei r tes ti mony to h is trans parent good ness , th e i nf l uence whi ch goodn ess
a l way s exerts even u po n th e la wl ess W hen , M r Torre sa ys, Dr Wordsworth
”
. .
2
.

first ca me as su ccessor to Dr Lo ngley, I we ll remember h is sa vi ng in h is address .

to th e boys : I t will b e my earnes t endea vou r to ma ke you a l l firs t, Chr i sti ans ; ,

second ly , gen t lem en ; a nd thi rdly , sc h o lars

’
.

III TH E STATE OF D IS C I PLIN E AT H A RR OW TH E N

.

I t wou ld b e di s i ngenu ou s , and , indeed, u nverac i ou s , if I were to omi t al l account

of th e s ta te Of ma n ners an d di s c ipli ne a t H arr o w in tha t day I f , however, as was .

tt il y sa id by M r G o ld wi n Smi th, th e govern ment of Harrow at th a t ti me was

.

”
government in th e f orm of a moderate anar chy, it must he remarked tha t th e
pu blic schools of tha t day were, m ore or l ess , a mi rror Of th e prevalent sta te of 2

Engli sh society ; and al so that th e grea t ed ucati onal ref orm of Dr A rn old was only .

1
An th o m k f th tim ; w h d
er ar o t th n n y hym b k
e es e a no e a n- oo .

2
R l l ti n f S h l d y
eco e c o s o t H wm
c oo th -
F ifl y Y
a s a Agarr o p 1 26 By or e i an ea r s o, . . a c u r ou s

co in id
c i
en c e
, i m il b
na s k p bl i h d inar 1 8 48 oo ll d , R lul ti ns of Re b
g y th w it , n ld
, ca e eco ec o s u , e r er a O

R gb i , y
u e an f D A
sa s o ld H w g t, th w th
r . rn o p i f th b y wh th y we
o rea en , as e sur r se o e o s en e re

t ld by th i
o w m t
e r th t wh t h d b
ne as e r h ith t a id e d f p
a a m t imp t
een er o c on s re o ara ou n or a n ce

w as t
no i so l ity b t th t h l k d f
n r ea , u fi t ligi a e d moo l p i ipl ;
e or ndly , rs , r e ou s an ora r nc es s eco

gen tl m e n l ika nd
- t ;
e cod th i dly
uc i t ll t lan b il it y r , n e ec u a a .
’

2
I t w p t f th e as ar e t l
o g g f t h d
c u rr n y t d iban p bl
ua i h l
e o th e t nd
a o escr e u c sc oo s as e sea s a

Th l t D n f Ely ( Ch l M i l ), wh w t H w d ing th
”
n i
u rser es f i o v ce. e a e ea o ar es er va e o as a arro ur e

t w ti
en y
es , sa s L tm t d h w e f th
e co n en d bt d f t th t th l w t t f f ling t
, o ever , or e un ou e ac a e o s a e o ee a

H w in my tim w
arr o h d by th p bli h l g
e as s are ll y th gh t th l nd E th
e u c sc oo s en era rou ou e a . ven e

p w f l th gh f tf l pl d ing f C wp Ti i i m h d d l ittl t m nd it ; d it
o er u , ou re u , ea o o er s
’
r oc n u a on e e o a e an

c orr es p d d nly t f ithf lly with th f li g f th p nt wh we

on e o oo a u e t t t
ee n bmit s o e ar e s o re c on en o su

th i hil d n to it (Th t H w S h l p ’

e r c re or n on s a rro c oo , .
1 00 H AR R OW SCHOOL
t hen begi nning to transf orm th e Englis h pu bli c schoo l In any cas e, we, th e .

s ur vi vors of tha t pre hi st ori c a e, are to a certai n e xtent wi tnesses , ei th er t o th e f ac t

g
th at thi ngs cannot ha ve bee n so very b ad , or, a t any rate , that we ha ve em erged
u e a e e e—
m ch th s m as oth r re putable peo pl which , by th e way, is a cu ri ou s f ac t in
th e h i story Of edu cati on I cou ld tell many tal es of the Harrow of my time,things
.

which (as H erodotu s wou ld say) mix a m h f y w I co ntent myself , however, with
r e .

th e narra ti on Of a f ew, whi ch wil l thr ow light u pon th e genera l sta te of disc ipli ne
a nd m anners in th e sch ool .

“
Th e great even t Of my first quarter was the licki ng of th e hea d of our hou se ,
a Sixth Form b o a n d a m oni tor, wh o h ad m ade him se lf extre m ely o bnoxi ous by
y
a bus ing h is powers H e was th e only Sixth Form b oy in the house ; and lea ve to
.

“li ck h im was f orma lly s ought and obta i ned f rom th e other monitors through
,
Torn C onolly, one of th e moni tors u p at th e Grove My own f u ncti on, as a newly .

arri ved f a ,was ( like that of C o lonel G ooch at H ou ou mon t) to ho ld the play roo m
g g
-

door (th e room appropriated to th e Sixth Form) f rom th e in side, when the hea d of
th e house sh ou ld make a bol t f or it “
Th e lic king d u ly t ook plac e one even ing
.
,

in the yard ou ts ide th e play room I held th e latch of th e door wi thin an inch
-
.

of m
y li f e, kn o wi ng f u ll well th e conseq uences of l etti ng
go D r W ord s wort h
. .

ap ea re d later on th e sc ene, and th e obno xi ous head of th e h ouse l ef t a t th e end of

p
th e quarter .

A bout that same time, one wh ole sc hoo l day, we l oc ked ou t th e masters b v
filling u p the l ook of th e ou ts ide door of th e sc hoo l , S O tha t they co u ld n ot get i n to
th e scho ol bu ildi ng .

There was in th e Sixth Form with me a monitor, a good scholar, b u t a scape

grace, and always getting i nto sc rapes One day h e was playi ng the f oo l in th e
.

Sixth Form room, and was told by Dr Words worth to sta n d up in a corner . .

Presently h e attrac ted our atten tion, and there we beheld him with h is han ds to
h is s ides and h is body ben t, as if in a spas m of s ickness, emi tti ng f ro m h is mo uth a
s tre am of tor n u p p a pe r-
W e al l laughed Dr Words worth, ha lf a mused , hal f
. . .
-

a ngry , wi th a charac teri st i c toss of h is hea d , re bu k ed h im, a nd told h im to q u ote

so methi ng to show h is f olly Equa l to th e occas i on, the deli nqu ent at once said ,
.

”
du k e es t des ip ere in loco .

A mong th e pran ks played was th e enti cing down f rom Lo nd on of so me cre du l ou s

young man by means of answering a matri monia l advertisement Th e lad y in “ .

”
questi on was once a boy wh o has since beco me a Cabinet Mi nister Sh e, d re s sed in .

wom an s c lothes ,gave th e r endez vous in th e London R oad ; and when th e u nf or tu na te

’

su i tor a ppeared ,h e was pe l ted wi th ro tten eggs by a nu mber Of b oy s in a mbush behin d

th e hedge On one of these occas i ons, a b oy na med S u rtees bei ng th e l ady ,th e gay
.

Lo tha ri o too k ref uge, and was besieged, in a n eighbouring f armhouse I t was only .

u po n Dr Word sworth a ppear i ng,a nd setti ng h im on his way to th e sta ti on,him sel f
.

s tanding in th e middle O f th e roa d a nd f orbiddi ng th e boys to f o ll o w, th a t th e

u nf ortu nate d u pe c o u ld ma ke his esca pe .

W e were extremely expert at stone th rowi ng N O d og could live in the street

- . .

When Armstrong, th e baker, came u p the town, his d og wou ld meet him at the
top , havi ng gone rou nd by th e c hurc h fields Standi ng a t the sc hoo l gates, whilst
.
 1 02 H AR R OW SCHOOL
f ac t, th e two in q uestion got 1 0 1 r uns between them in th e second innings of th e
Winchester match ; and when the head of th e Eleven was got ou t, wi th a score of
7 5 to h is o wn b at, l ea vi ng som e 1 5 ru ns to b e got, wi th five wi ckets to go d o wn ,
th e rem ain ing runs were n ot got , a nd t he m a tch was l ost Such was the dif ficu l ty .

of pl ayi ng wi th a brand n ew El even ,con s i s tin g mai n ly of very y ou ng boy s A bou t .

th e sa m e ti me, th e story goes that, when fiel d i ng ou t on a h ot af tern oon in one of

th e sc hoo l ma tches at Lord s, th e n ose of one of these you ng cri c keters began to
’

bleed ; that, between the overs , his anxi ou s mother besou ght th e ca pta in of th e
Eleven to a llow her son to retire f or a whil e ; and that sh e was met wi th th e bruta l
N ot a Harro w b oy s ha ll lea ve th e grou nd , so l on g as h e h as a drop o f
'

ans wer ,
”
blood lef t in h is veins Of th is story it may b e said ,8 8 non é ver o, 8 ben tr ova to
. .

I f eel tha t an a pology is due f or th e i ntrusi on of these somewha t questionable re

miniscences of a bygone pas t Bu t I know n ot h o w other wi se to bri ng hom e to present
.

Harrovians ,or expl ain the f act, that, when Dr Vaughan stood as a candidate f or the .

headm astership, and asked f or a testim onia l f ro m Bishop Turton ( then Dean o f
Peterborough), h e was warned by h im not to throw h imself away at Harrow These .

rec i ta ls of th e sta te of things in th e sc h oo l at tha t tim e o towa rds expl a i n ing tha t
g
f act . They a lso explain th e nota ble ad vi ce which, as I sha ll presen tly show, was
given to Dr Vaughan on h is appo intm ent by th e then Vi car of Harrow
. .

Bef ore I pas s on,it may b e wel l f or me to say a word a bout the monitoria l system 1

in my ti me Th e H arrow m oni tor dif f ered essenti ally f ro m th e R u gby p raep os tor
.

in thi s res pect, that at H arrow th e boy s j u ri sdict i on was en ti rel y separa te f rom tha t
’

of th e m as ters A H arrow m oni tor h as nothing pri marily to d o wi th m ora ls ;

.

that is th e af f ai r of th e m asters S till less does he report to the masters , or set

.

lines as a pu nishment The Harro w monitor i nterf eres only in boys matte rs,— in a
.
’

case of bu llying,o r in th e ca se o f anythin g di sgracef ul bei ng d one,or in enf orcem ent

of th e rul es of th e sc hool as to attendance at cri c ket and f oot ba ll , o r, genera lly, in

u pho ldi ng th e cu stom s and good credi t of th e schoo l That, at least was th e rule .
,

in my time ; and I have no reas on to s uppose that there h as been any c hange s in ce
then Th e head of th e sch oo l might conce i vably, in a dou btf u l cas e, in a ca se
.

lying on th e border line of j uri sdicti on , consu lt th e hea d mas ter ; b u t h e wou ld
-

make it a p oi nt of honou r (u nless th e cas e proved to b e one f or the headmas ter to

dea l wi th) not to menti on any name, and the head mas ter would respec t h is
reti cence I am a nxi ous to say thi s, beca u se I alone ca n spea k o f th e m oni toria l
.

sy stem as I f ou nd it, and as I, as head o f th e sc hoo l , so m e what enlar ed it I t w

g as .

i nvested in my ti me with somewhat o f a more m oral tone ; wi th that, b ut only that .

I t was no l onger a mere o ligarchy of th e ten highest boys I t beca me ( especi a lly in .

th e person of th e head of th e sc hoo l) a pa terna l despo ti s m bas ed u pon m ora l

res pons ibili ty I n a l etter to Lord Pa l mers ton, da ted 1 8 53 , Dr Va ugha n th u s
. .

lays down his concepti on of th e m oni tori a l sy stem at Harrow I have taught th e
monitors to regar d their authori ty as emanati ng indeed f rom mi ne,a nd responsible to
In T l l p ( fi D B l ) w l l d h b lly
’ ’
1 h h f i i
ro t rs
o e s t t t
e gg gn r. ot u eg er s e e ing p e
a as n a s , en ce u r

va il ed Th e m nit i l ys tem seem t h

. o or a s b int d ed f om W i he t , th gh Et n
s o a ve een ro uc r nc s er rou o .

P b bly thi h ng w b
ro a s c a gh t bet i L
as gl y
rou t ime ( n E t n
a ou m n ) n
n d W d w
on the
’
s a o a a or s or
’
s

( W in ch t ) Th
es er R
.
gby y tem w
e u im p t d
s sin to H w as n ever or e arro .
 ESTIMATE OF DR VVOR DS W OR TH S H E ADM A S TE RS H IP 1 03
’
.

mine, b u t yet ( with the limitati on naturally arising f rom these two considerations )
independent and f ree in its ordinary exercise They are charged with th e enf orce .

ment of an interna l disc ipli ne,the obj ect of which is the good order,th e honoura ble
condu c t, th e gentl eman like tone of th e hou se
-
s and of th e sc hoo l I n these matters .

I des ire tha t they shou ld act f or themsel ves I t is only on the disc o very of grave
.

an d mora l off ences , su c h as wou ld b e p o i s on ou s to th e wh ol e soc i ety , a nd su ch as

they may reas o nably b e expected to regard as di scredi ta bl e a nd disgrac ef u l even

more than they are illegal , that I expec t the m to commu ni ca te to me of fic ial ly the
”
f au l ts of which they may ta k e notice .

There was one ch aracteristic observance introduced by Dr Wordsworth, in .

connect i on wi th th e m on itori a l of f ice When a Sixth Form b oy first became a monitor,

.

he was so lemnly in vested wi th a key of the m onitors library, as a bad ge of of f ice,

’

in th e sc hoo l chape l Standing up at h is des k in the north east corner of th e

.
-

c ha pel , Dr Wo rds wo rth wou ld ho ld ou t a co mm on l oo ki ng door ke , a nd sa in

y y a - -
.

”
grand, sonorous tone, S is tu M onitor S chola e H ar roviens is I t was thus that he .

so u h t to in ves t th e off ice wi th th e a ttr ibu tes of a higher moral res p ons ibili ty
g .

IV ESTI M ATE or Da W onnswoa m s H m ma s m ns m r

. .
'
’ '

Dr Words worth did n ot succeed at H arrow, b u t h e m ad e su ccess p oss ible

. If .

a nother plan ted a nd watered , h e at l eas t p repared and mad e rea dy th e ground .

Else h ow was it that, when Dr Vaughan, on his electi on in December 1 8 44, was
.

ad vi sed by th e then vicar , a Governor of th e sc h oo l , to expe l th e wh ole sc hoo l, and

to ta ke th e boys bac k aga in on his o wn c ondi ti ons ( a preposterou s s ugges ti on whi ch

Dr Va ugha n wi sely sc ou ted ), h e f ou nd in Dr Word sworth s Six th Form th e ins tru
’
. .

ments to hand f or th e reorgani sation of the sc hoo l ? M r Torre, whom I have .

a lrea dy qu oted , wh o h ad s tood in th e same posi ti on as head of the schoo l , wi th

regar d to Dr Longley and Dr Words worth, as tha t whi ch I myself held wi th

. .

re ar d to Dr Word s wor th and Dr Vau ghan , says in his R ecollections 1

Wh
g . . en

Dr Word sworth firs t ca me to Harrow,h e f ou nd so m e very bad spec i mens of schoo l

.

boys ; b u t h e rapidl y improved th e tone of those in th e u pper Forms, wh o b ecome

”
better and m ore tru thf u l u nder h is inf l uence and management
.
.

H is great ac hi evement was the bu ildi ng of a cha pe l f or th e use of th e sc hool .

Th e acc omm odati on in th e pari sh chu rch provid ed f o r th e schoo l , h e tol d th e

Governors , was of such a nature as to render th e maintenance of a devoti onal and
re vere nt beha vi our in th e boy s , wh en assembl ed there f or di vi ne ser vi ce, a m a tter of

grea t dif f icu lty Th e si ttings in qu estion are of su ch a ki nd as to encour age li st

.

lessness and i nattention, both by their structu re and loca l arrangements I n some .

of them th e boy s ca n nei ther see, nor b e seen ; a nd in none ha ve they th e power of
”
kneeling d u ri ng th e prayers .

A cco rdingly , in N ovember 1 8 3 6, that is to say, in h is second qu arter, he

mem ori a lised th e G over nors f or l ea ve to erec t a chapel ,f or th e reas ons su bsequ ently
2

set f orth , suc h as

1 Page 1 27 .

3
Th e corres p d on en ce an d f acts b
a ove e pit
o mised wi ll b e f oun d a mong th e d
r ecor s in th e
M u niment roo m .
10 4 HAR R OW SCHOOL
That the erecti on of a cha pel would b e a f ormal rec ogni tion of rel igious
instructi on as pa rt of th e schoo l system ;
That it was highly advisable that the headmaster shou ld take some part in th e
religi ous teachin g of th e sc hool ;

That a chapel wou ld give th e h eadmas ter an opportu nity of directly addressing
th e boys c oll ecti vel y, and of gi vi ng pr eparation f or confirmati on : th e experiment
having been tri ed at Winchester and R u gby wi th great succes s ;
”
Th at the vicar should occas ionally b e as ked to of ficiate .

Th e f irst st one of th e cha pe l was l aid on Wednesday, th e 4th of J ul y 1 8 3 8 ,

bei ng th e second Speec h day, by the Ear l of Aberdeen, the inscripti on on th e

-

f oun datio n s tone bei ng as f o ll ows

-

LAPI DE M A US PI CA L EM
S TATUIT

GE OR GIUS COM ES DE A E R B DEE N

N ON . QUINTI L . A . S . CI OI OCCCXXXV I I I

FUS I S CI R CUM STA NTIUM PR ECI BUS

AD DE UM OPTIM UM M A XI M U M

COEPTA PROS PER A R ET

' '
UI I

S A CE LLI
SC H OLAE H A R ROVIE N S I S

PI ETA TI F OVE N DA E DES TI NATI .

Dr Wordsworth was a man of good presence, with a striking head , and hand
.

som e, intell ectua l f ea tu res . H e always wore a vel vet aca d emica l cap and a s ilk
gown This was d ue not so mu ch to vani ty , or care f or persona l appea rance, as to
.

a c erta i n grand , or grandi ose, el em ent in his c harac ter H e was a man of n obl e .

dispos ition, open, and u tterly u nselfish , liberal, or rather mu nificent, in m oney
matters, and tha t at a time when, financial ly, Harrow must ha ve been a losing
concer n .
—
H e was no t popu lar , it is better per ha ps f or a head mas te r no t to b e
—
popu lar, b u t when we got into the Sixth Form, and ca m e u nder his persona l
in uence, th
f l ere w as a cer tain h m,
c ar a cert i di i
a n s t nc ti on a —
bou t him, we respec ted
and l iked him, som e of u s mu c h Th e Bi sho p of Sa li sbury h as tol d me tha t,
.

wr i ti ng j ust af ter his f ather s d ea th, D ea n Bla kes l ey u sed som e su c h word s as
’

t hese : Th e three mos t magnanim ou s men I have k nown were y ou r f ather, y our
”
grandf ather, and his bro ther th e poet .

—
H is han d wri ting as pecu liar c ursi ve, fl owing, l arge ; c haracteris ti c of th e
w
man, b u t u n like that whi ch we usu al ly ass oci ate with th e sc holar H e sympath i sed .

with th e boys in their ga mes ; f or h e himself , when a b oy at Winchester, h ad

played in the schoo l Eleven I n f act, h e in th e Winchester Eleven played agains t
.

his bro ther Charl es, af terwards Bis hop of S t Andrews , in th e H arrow El even . .

And th e two brothers in af ter li f e changed places Chr istopher beca me hea dmas ter
-
.

of H arrow, Charl es beca me un der m as ter a t Wi nc hes te r

-
Dr Chr i s topher Words . .

worth, m oreover, was a very fine skater, a nd was a l ways ready to teac h any b oy
to s kate .

H e was a sch olar and an eccl es ias ti c, b ut not a sch oo lmas ter I nd eed , h e was .
 ESTIMATE OF DR . WOR DSWOR TH S HE ADMA STER SHIP ’
105

l es s a clergyman than an imperious Churchman Nature never intend ed him to do .

th e work of an Ar nold . H is symp athies were el sewhere, and b e was impat i ent of
th e drudgery i nciden t to the of fice of a sc hoolm as ter Bu t, thou gh a born eccl es i .

astio, h e was a ma n wi th wid e and hu m an sympathi es H ad h e lived in th e days .

of Q ueen Mary , h e wou ld p roba bly ha ve h ad th e will to burn a h ere ti c, b u t th e

man wi thi n h im wou ld have restrained h is ha nd f rom applyi ng th e torch He .

once p reac h ed to us in th e sc hoo l c h a pel f rom a Greek text H is las t ser m on at .

Harrow rang th e cha nges on ap and w th , the melancholy cad ences of his voi ce
c e. i in

ri s i ng and f a ll i ng in ha r mony wi th th e gloom of th e wi nter e ven ing I t cannot b e .

said that his sch oo l serm ons appea l ed powerf ul ly to th e boy s, as did th e preachi ng

of Dr Va u gha n and his su ccessors

. Bu t there was an i ndescr iba ble tone of good
.

ness abou t them ; th e man hi msel f was transparen tly 1

a good man, and we f orgot

the preac her in th e man .

Shortly af ter leavi ng Harrow, Dr Wordsworth, th en a Canon of Westmins ter,

.

was preachi ng in th e A bbey Th ere was a considerable cro wd A sc hoolf ellow of

. .

mine, J D Platt, wh o cou ld not get a seat, as ked a verger h ow it was that there
. .

was su ch a c rowd . Dr Word s worth , s ir, a givi ng it to th e Pope, s ir, a gi vi ng it

.
- -

”
to th e Pope, was th e ans wer .

On a l ater occas i on, h e was preac hing to a s ma ll rus ti c congregati on at R yda l .

H e had been expatiati ng, as h is manner was , on th e beau ti es of Gi rgenti He .

wou nd up an impassi oned di scourse wi th th e word s : A nd so we may say that a l l

”
Natu re is one palimpsest, u pon whi ch are seen written th e works of God .

I n later years , in company wi th th e la te D ean Bur gon a ki ndred spiri t,equal ly -

gu ileless and unpractica l , wi th af f ections equa lly s et u pon th e se venteenth rather

than th e n i neteenth centu ry—one day, f rom th e top of th e Rad cli f f e Library, h e
gaz ed d own u po n Oxf ord lyi ng benea th him , and gave way to a lamen ta ti on u pon
the degeneracy of the times, whi ch h ad then recen tly wi tnessed th e abo liti on of th e
Sta te Ser vices in th e Prayer book -
.

These things are on th e lighter side I wou ld f a in , ho wever, give exp ression to
.

th e gra ver and deeper c harac teri sti cs of his prea c hi ng Here and there his serm ons .

sho w a wea l th of c las s i ca l ill us trat i on, a brea d th of sc holars hip , a rea ch of ki ndli ng

el oq u ence, whi c h in my j u dgment exc eed anyt hi ng that h as been atta i n ed to even

by any of th e di sti nguished preachers wh o have been his successors in th e chapel

pu lpit The serm ons, i ndeed , presen t a striki ng contras t to those of Dr Ar nold
. . .

Th e l atter are i nter penetrated wi th th e m odern spi ri t Dr Words wor th breathes . .

th e atmosphere of th e C ou nc il of Nicaea H is idea l f or H arro w boys , f or you ng

.

Engli shmen pulsating with th e lif e, th e hopes, th e drea ms, the errors of the nine
teenth century ,is th e ca techeti ca l sch oo l of A lexa ndri a B u t althou gh h is atmo
s phere was a t ti mes th e grey , cold , li mi ted a tm osphere of th e ear ly Fathers , th e

hori zon every now and then wou ld b e lighted up by th e glowi ng rays of th e sun of
literatu re and sc holarship A perusal of his sermons lea ves u po n the mi nd the
.

i nef f aceable impress i on of a scholar, li ving in th e world, b u t no t of the world, of

a tru ly s impl e, high min ded , good ma n
-
.

A s l n theo l ogy h e was a theol ogi an of th e ol d school , so in cl ass i cs h e was a

1 Ai a kdmrei 7 6 xa ( Aris totl e , Eth ics ) .
1 06 H A R R OW SCHOOL
holar of
sc th e hool, as a lis t of h is pu bli shed works, class ica l and theologi ca l ,
ol d sc

will sho w Two of h is wor ks well ill ustrate th e t wo sid es of h is ch arac ter ,h is Greece
.

P ic tor ia l , Descri p tive, and H is tor ica l , p u bli shed in 1 8 8 9 , a boo k whi ch, in 1 8 68 ,
reac hed a fif th edi ti on , a nd h as been edi ted af res h in 1 8 8 2 ; and h is Theo hil us
p
Ang lica n us I ns tru ctions f or the Young S tudent concern ing the Chu r ch ,p u bli s hed in
1 8 44 , a remar kably u sef ul book , as it h as b een des cr ibed , es pec i a l ly in its notes ,
whi ch, in 1 8 69 , reached a tenth ed iti on Th e f ormer boo k is an ad mirable work , .

a n d ough t to b e in th e hand s o f every one travelli ng or i nteres ted in Greec e I t is .

dedica ted to George, Earl of A berdeen, af ter wards Prime Mi nister, one of th e then
Governors of the school and in the d edica ti on its au thor sta tes , that th e work was
wr i tten wi th th e hope of c heris hing l ove f or th e a rts , a ntiqu iti es , and geogra phy of
Greece in th e sc hoo l of whi ch Lord A berdeen was a Go vernor .

Of thi s book its la tes t edi tor, M r Tozer, speak s wi th grea t res pec t H e s pea k s
. .

of th e a u thori ty whi c h it h as as s u med wi th regard both to places whic h Dr Wor ds .

worth explored, and to vi ews on cl ass i ca l su bj ec ts whi ch h e ad voca ted A stri kin g .

”
insta nce of the latter poi nt h e sa ys, is to b e f oun d in his remarks on th e s i te of
,

Dodona, which he, a lmost alone a mong topographers, as signed to th e l ocality in

whi ch , withi n a f ew y ears f ro m th e pre sent tim e, tha t pl ace h as been disco vered by
”
ex ca vati o n .

H e was th u s a f ine sc holar , b u t more of th e Oxf ord than th e Ca mbridge type .

Moreover, to the f ew of us wh o were ca pa ble of apprec i ati ng him , he was an inspir

ing teac h er I n th e Six th Form , when we were d oi ng A ri stophanes , h e wo u ld read
.

ou t to u s , wi th gen uine re lis h and enti re a ban don , l o ng pass a es f ro m H oo kh a m

g
Frere s translation I remember to thi s day th e glee with which h e devour ed a
’
.

splendid pi ece of G reek compos i ti on in th e f or m of a ch or u s , whi c h h ad bee n d one

f or him by Percy S my the, af terward s V i sco unt S trangf ord , one of th e m ost disti n
u ish ed sc h o l ars ( in th e wider se nse of th e term), no t o nly o f H ar row, b u t o f thi s
g
or th e l as t ge nera ti o n
1
.

Thus he was an enthusias t, wi th the strength and with th e weaknesses whi ch go

al ong wi th tha t tempera m ent Theref ore, to j u dge h im by h is success as a schoo l
.

mas ter,is to apply a wrong sta ndard of j udgment I n th e wider a nd more congenia l .

s phere o f a Bi s hop of th e Chu rch, h e was m ore in his el em ent ; and , as I personally

ha ve reas on to know,when,as Member f or Gra ntha m,I was visiti ng him at R iseh olm,
rec ogni sed by h im as , in a sen se, oflic ial ly c onnec ted wi th his di ocese , I h ad no t to

lear n that prof ound dif f erences of opi ni on , politi ca l and theologica l, were no b ar to
th e renewal , in f ul lest ti es of sympathy , of th e ol d re lati on of mas ter and pu pil , of
f r i end a nd f riend , of man and ma n .

I t was in 1 8 44 , Dr Word sworth s l ast y ear at H arro w, tha t S ta n ley s L ifl o f

’ ’
’
.
‘

Ar nold was p u bli shed . w w —

I t is wi thin my o n kno ledge f or I was im mediately
a f ter ward s , in th e f irs t two years o f Dr Va u gha n s mas tership , h ead of th e sc hoo l
’
.

1
Ipp th t
su H
ose y S mith w by f th m t d i ting i h d m t B lli l C ll g ,
a , as en r as ar e os s u s e an a a o o e e

or ( wh i h icth m t
s h i g) t O f
e sad ,ei m y tim d i ,n i t ha m p i d
x orP y n e an s n ce so n e sa e er o e rc

S myth w th m t d i ting i h d H
e as e os i H h
s b tly d u sib d
e bigarr ov an . e as e en r ece n esc r e as e n on e

of th m te mpli h d f m d
os acco p bli i t
s e mm t li g i t
o d m t
o ern f th u c s s , a con s u a e n u s , an a as er o e

E t
a s er n Q ti i l l it p t ( Tim , 3 oth D mb
u es on n a s as ec s es ece er
 C H A P T E R X II

DR . V AU GH AN

For fif te en years, f rom 1 8 44 59 , Dr Cha rles John Vaughan was headmas ter of
-
.

Harrow Of th e i nner c irc le of Arnold s f avouri te pupils at R ugby , brac keted

.
’

seni or c l as s ic, and eq ua l as Chancellor s m eda lli st wi th th e f ou rth Lord Ly ttel ton in
’

1 8 3 8 , h e beca m e a Fell ow of Tri n i ty C oll ege, Ca mbridge, and, a f t er a brief ex

erience of c leri c al li f e as vi car of S t Marti n s, Lei ces ter , a par i s h id entified with
’

p .

his f amily f or nearly a centur y ,Dr Vau ghan su cceeded Dr Chri s topher Wordswor th
. .

at H arro w On th e d ea th , in 1 8 42 , of Dr Ar nold h e h ad bee n a ca ndidate f or

. .

th e head m as tersh ip of R u gby ; b ut Tait, af terward s Bi shop of Lond on and A rch

bi shop of Ca nterbury, was elected I t is eviden t, theref ore, that h is thoughts had
.

been early turned towards school li f e, p re vi ous ly to h is election at Harrow

-
.

Dr Vaughan was twenty e ight when h e was elected headmas ter

.
-
H e f oun d .

Harrow schoo l at the lowest ebb as to nu mbers, wi th scarcely more than 60 boys ;
and a t th e c l ose of his fif teen years head mas ters hip h e lef t it with 469
’
H is own .

na m e an d i n flu ence, co mbin ed wi th th e r i sing di sti nc tion of th e sc h ool , attrac ted

men of high repu tati on to th e ranks of th e u nder mas ters Older men , whom h e
-
.

f ou nd at Harro w — Ox ha , Harri , D
en m s rur ee —
y, St l o wned his power,and rendered
him a loya l co operation ; while Pears (af terwards head mas ter of Re pton) ,Westcott
-

( th e p rese nt Bi shop of D u rham ), Bradby , Farrar ( Dea n o f C an terbu ry , an d

)
others th at migh t b e nam ed , lik e Arthur Watson, H E H u tton, Ed ward . .

Bowen, at the ca ll of Dr Vau ghan brought their varied gi f ts to the servi ce of the
.

s choo l . Th e traditi ons o f Ha rro w were saf e in th e hands of Dr Vaughan , b u t it .

was evident f rom th e o uts et that a new and firm hand was a t th e wheel H e was a .

rea l ru l er, and a qu i et d eterminati on marked him Dr Bu tl er h as sa id of him

. .

W e all knew that we had at our head a strong ru ler, wh o cou ld not b e trifled
with H is sof tness of voice and manner,at first almost startli ng, never lef t any
.

illus ion wi th boys or mas ters as to either his penetrati ng i nsight or his resol u te will .

B ut h e was very gentle wi th us ,m ore a nd m ore as h is time of oflice drew to its c l ose .

At first ( I spea k f rom c l ear rec oll ecti ons ) his bright wit and se nse of th e lu dicrou s
were not a l ways un ti nged wi th sarcas m But h e soo n d etec ted and conqu ered thi s
.

tempta tion N o sel f conqu est was ever more rapid or more c ompl ete
.
-
S ome, I .

imagine, wh o have watched him f or as mu ch as fif ty years will scarcely believe that

”
s uc h a vi ctory was ever nee ded Bu t th e battl e was f ou ght, I sa w it
. .
1 10 H A RR OW SCHOOL
”
def ence of it . I have ta ught, sa id h e, th e m onitors to regard their au thori ty
as emanat i ng i ndeed f ro m mi ne, a nd res po ns ibl e to mi ne , b u t et ( with th e limi ta
y
ti on s nat u ra lly ari si ng f rom these t wo con s idera t ion s ) i ndependen t a nd f ree in its
ordi na ry exerci se . They are char ged with th e enf orce ment of a n i nternal d isc ipli ne,
th e obj ec t o f whi c h is th e good order , th e honoura bl e condu ct, th e gentleman like -

tone of the h ou ses and of th e school I t f o ll ows, as a ma tter of necess i ty , that

.

”
th e m oni tors shou ld posses s s ome m ea ns o f exerc is i ng a nd asser ting thei r a u thori ty .

H e compa red wi th th e mo nito ri a l sy tem th e u n ceas i ng espi onage of an i nc reas ed

s
”
sta f f of su bordinate m as ters , and sa id Th e ex periment may be tri ed ; I h ope n ot
a t H arr o w— ce r ta i n ly n ot by me
”
I n contras t wi th su c h a n a l ternati ve, whic h,
.

f or th e momen t, migh t b e we lcom ed by so me wh o h ad trembled f or th ei r so ns

’

”
sa f ety u n der th e present so ca ll ed reign of terror, h e vi nd i ca ted
-
th e pri ncipl e
of gra du ated ran k s and orga n ised i n terna l s u bordi nati on , whi ch, amids t so me rea l

and ma ny imagi nar y d ef ec ts , h as bee n f ou nd to be i nf eri or to n o other s stem in

y
”
th e f orm at i on of th e character of an Engli h Ch ri sti a n ge nt leman
s I t may b e
.

add ed tha t,while Dr Words wor th h ad i ntrod u ced th e c usto m o f gi vi ng a mon i to r h is

.

keys in the (then) ne w chapel, Dr Va u ghan ga ve th em publi cly in sc hoo l

. .

S uch was the delegated au th ori ty of the m oni toria l system Bu t there was .

au th ori ty of a very rea l ki nd tha t was n ot d elegated to any o ne There mu st b e

.

those wh o ca n reca ll th e s u mm onses of th e whol e scho ol to th e Speec h r oom ( th e -

Speec h room in th e o ld sc hoo l buildi ng), when the boys sa t on ra ised ti ers of sea ts ,
-

fil ling every co rner, and th e mas ters , wi th th e hea d mas te r in th e middle sat on a ,

pl atf orm Dr Va ughan entered th e room last of a ll , a nd as h e reach ed his centra l

. .

cha i r th e door was c losed Th e sch oo l assembled in this way to hear th e res u l t of
.

prize contes ts, or at th e close of the q uar ter to hear th e resu l t of th e Sixth Form
tri a ls, and f or th e p rese nta ti on of pr i ze s o r
“ lea ving book s .
”
At s u c h ti mes ,
es pec i a lly when an p ri ze wi nne rs were leavi ng th e sc hoo l , Dr Va u gha n wou ld sa
y y
-
.

a f e w words to them , words tha t were memora bl e in a you ng li f e , and whi c h f ell o n

gratef ul ear s of moni tors , who, wi th whatever sense of weak ness o r of shortcomi ng,
had tri ed to d o thei r du ty B ut there were oth er occas i ons, when s pec i a l of f ences
.

may ha ve been commi tted , and then th e cl osi n g of th e door an d th e head mas ter s
’

s i tti ng d o wn , wi th a ma nner that was qu i te a wf u l in its ca l mness , a nd a so l emn i ty

of add ress whi c h created th e pro f o u ndes t i mpres si o n , a re thi ngs to b e re membered .

One pa rticu lar occas i on ca n b e reca lled ,when h e al one,wi thou t the mas ters ,met th e
sc hool in thi s wa ,a nd h ad the grea t as se mbl age of boy , it is not too mu ch to sa ,in
y s
y
th e h ollow of h is ha nd . Th e s tilln ess was phenomenal ,an d th e i mpress i on p ro d uced
by th e words, addressed to the schoo l genera lly a nd to the cu lprit in parti c ul ar,
,

cannot b e exag erated D V au ghan h a d a wa o f p u shi ng bac k h is cha i r when

g .r .
y
th e bus iness was concl u ded , whic h see med to say better than word s tha t al l was over .

I n 1 8 50 Dr Vaughan m ar ri ed Ca theri ne, the you nge r dau ghter of Bis hop
.

Stanley of Norwi ch, a nd th us beca me connected by marriage with h is R u gby

sc hoo l f ello w and li f elong f r i end , Art hu r Penrhy n Sta n l ey
-
. I t was said o f M rs .

Vaugha n by a disti nguis hed c leri cal p u pil of Dr Vau ghan s . I n h er pre sen ce
comm onpl aceness f ou n d it har d to li ve ; sh e l oved th e thou gh ts that y ou ng people

l ove,and cou ld express them in epigram and newness s u ch as they delight to hear,
 DR . VA UGHAN 111

and
yet s h e never ceas e d to b e th e s ta n dard o f a good woman , and of a lady wh o
”
re verenced h er hus ba nd .

Dr Vaughan was a member of th e Ca mbridge Un i versi ty C ommi ssi on appoi nted

.

in 1 8 56 by A ct of Pa rlia ment,a nd h ad as h is c olleagues Bi sh op Lonsd a le of L ich field ,

Bishop Graham of Ches ter, Lord Sta nley (af terwards Lord Derby), S ir W Page .

Woo d (af terwards Lord Hather ley), Dean Peac oc k of Ely, and others .

A f ew p u bli ca ti ons on su bj ec ts agi ta ti ng p u bli c opin i on emana ted f r om h is pen

in the years 1 8 49 54, b u t h is attendan ce to sc hoo l d u ties was s i ngu l ar ly c l ose a nd
-

consta nt ; and th e boys l earn t f rom th e news pa pers th e ca u se of th e oc cas i ona l

weekday a bsence , or sa w tha t a serm on at th e Chapel Ro ya l , S t James s , as

’
.

Chapla in in Ordinary ,accou nted f or h is vac a nt sta ll in cha pe l on a Su nday morning

- -
.

Th e o lder schoo l c h ape l , buil t in Dr Words wor th s tim e, gave place u n der
’
.

Dr Vau ghan s headmas ters hip to the present bea u ti f u l chapel des igned by S ir
’
.

Gilbert Scott Th e first sta ge of th e change was reached on Fou nder s Day 1 8 55,
.
’

when th e sch oo l chape l was reopened af ter th e addi ti on of a ne w chancel ,th e gi f t of

Dr Vau gh an himsel f , a nd of th e nor th a i sl e
. On Speec h day 1 8 56 th e f ou nd ati on
.
-

s tone of th e south a i sl e, erec ted as a m emori a l to H arro w men wh o f ell in th e

Cri mea, was laid by S ir W Fenwi ck Willia ms of Kars Th e wall s of the new nave
. .

and ais l e rose gradu a lly a rou nd th e ol d f a bri c till , in Ju ne 1 8 57 , th e u se of th e

cha pe l was s u spen ded till its co mpl eti on, an d th e s c hoo l ser vi ces were temporarily

held in th e pari sh church On A l l Saints Day 1 8 57 th e chapel was consecrated

.
’

by th e then Bishop of Londo n (Tait) .

Th e sc hoo l cha pel was th e centre of Dr V au ghan s i nfl uence f or go od Se vera l

’
. .

vo l u m es o f ser mon s , es pec i al ly h is M emor ial s o f H a r r ow S u nda s , p u blis hed a t th e

y
c l ose of h is hea d mas ters hip , con vey to ou ts iders a n id ea of h is teachi ng f r o m th e

scho ol pu lpit Th e vol u me so named conta i ns so me specially charac teristic

.

” ”
ser m ons Th e H ou se an d its B u ilder ( a Fou n der s Day se r m on) A mbi ti on ,
’

” ” ” ”
Exc uses, A men, Sil ence, Intercess ion, Yet Once More Th e pa rish .

c ler k o f S t Mar ti n s , Le i ceste r, was on a vi si t to H arro w when th e ser m on en ti tl ed

’
.

A men was preached , and it was sa id tha t h e too k it as a pers o na l compli ment
to hi mself ! B ut only those wh o li s tened and worshipped in th e cha pe l can rea li se
th e pathos and i nteres t of Dr V a ughan s p ersuas i ve el o q u ence Th e sermon s were
’
. .

of a l most un i o m e
f r x ce ll en ce,
— t h e o pe n i ng an d c l os i ng ser m ons of th e sc hoo l ter m
—
bei ng s peci a lly telli ng, b ut there were occas i ons when su c h sermons as A Nati on
watching f or Tidin gs, in November 1 8 54, in th e dar k days of th e Crimean W a r,or
”

”
The Indi an S orrow,an d its Lessons f or th e Youn g, p rea ched a t a sc hoo l ser vice in
th e pa ri s h ch u rc h,j us t bef ore th e cons ecra ti on of th e new chapel , in O ctober 1 8 5 7 ,
o n th e day o f nati ona l h u mili ati on f or th e I ndi a n M u ti ny, mad e th e d eep est im

press ion , of which th e la pse of f orty yea rs has n ot dimmed the recollecti on .

Mention ought to b e mad e of th e car ef u l and earnes t prepara tion f or confirma

ti on , whi ch was a s pec ia l f ea tu re o f Dr Vau ghan s work , an d whi ch was highly
’
.

va l ued by those wh o h ad th e ad van ta ge o f h is teach i ng at s u c h a tim e H is Notes .

f or l ec t ures on co nfirmati on, deli vered in th e schoo l cha pel , have h ad a wide
c i rcul a ti on.

To those H arro w years bel ong sermons of Dr Va u ghan s preac hed to scho o l
’
.
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
at Marlborough or at Re pton, a Ra dclif f e sermon at Oxf ord, sermons at
Ca th edral or at Westmi nster A bbey , when those grea t sanctu a ries were
firs t thro wn ope n f o r e veni ng se rvi ces, a n d a se rm on in
th e A bbey , p reac h ed a t th e c o nsec rati on o f his f ri end ,
B i h o p C o tto n of Ca lc utta, whi c h so me o f h is Sixth
s

Fo rm p u pi ls were, through his k ind ne s, permi tted to s

h ea r, a nd are no t lik ely to f o rge t S uch serm ons (as

.

it was remar ked l o ng a f terwa rd ) a re ma rked by th e s

a me
s
“ ref ined a nd wi n n i ng earnes tnes s ,
”
an d by th e
“i ntensely h u ma n ympa th y ” whi c h ave Dr
s
g .

Vaugh an h i pec u lia r cha rm a nd po wer as a

s

p rea cher N or wa hi gi f t o f sy mpa thy limi ted

. s s

to a ny pa rti u l a r c l as s o f th e c o mmun i ty , f or
c

th e sermo n a t B i h o p C otton s c on sec rati on on

’
s

A cens i o n Day 1 8 58 ill ustra ted aptly

s

h is po we r of rea li i ng c i rc u msta nces of

s

whic h h e cou ld

S c u oc r
. C a s p er. m om r a n T C
ER R A E.

spoke of th e specia l f ea tures of Indi an

poi nted ou t its religi ous disadvan ta ges and pri vati ons .

Th e re lati ons of old er pu pils wi th Dr Vau ghan were s i ngu la rly pl eas ant
.
.

Those wh o went to h im to have compositi on l ooked over, l earnt mu ch f rom him

in th e short i n tervi ews in h is study , and went bac k f r om th e li ttl e conversa ti on s
of whi ch th e tim e admi tted wi th renewed i n terest a n d spi ri t to th ei r work .
1 14 HA R R OW SCHOOL
ga m es , and he was es pec ia lly pl eased when , in 1 8 5 9 , we were c oc k house
-
at
”
cr i cket, an d brou ght th e thr ee Ebri n gton cr i c ket cu ps i nto th e h ou se .

Long years have pas se d since Dr Vau gha n s re tirement f rom H arrow, b ut h is
.
’

head masters hip is u nf orgotten H is lo ve of th e sc hool an d h is interes t in its

.

f ortunes , as wel l as in th e ca reers and successes of o ld p u pil s , con ti nu ed un a bated

to th e c l ose o f his li f e
. H e was present in la ter years o n rare o cca sions on
day, and h e made an el oq uen t speec h at th e great ban q u et in h onour of th e
Tercentenary of the schoo l H e preac hed at leas t twice in th e sc hool cha pel du ring
.

th e head mas tership of h is su ccessor , o n ce on th e Fou n der s Day H e was p resen t,

’
.

poss ibly more than once, at the tri ennial Harrow di nner, the l as t occas ion being
that at which Lord Sha f tesbur y was cha i r man During h is grave illness at th e
.

Temple in 1 8 94, h e enj oyed the ministrations of at leas t one old Harrow p upil ;
and h e de s i red a nother, if h e met an of his old p u pil s , to as sure them tha t h e
y
”
was n ot u n mindf ul of them . Th e sa me ol d p u pil las t men ti oned , when vi si ting
Dean Vaughan at Llandaf f , early in 1 8 9 7 , was charged to con vey a message to a
f ormer H arrow pu pil ho ldi ng high of fice in th e S ta te : Tell h im that I watch his
”
ca reer with i nteres t, and that I a m mi ndf u l of h im, al ik e in o n d in so rro w
j y a .

A t th e H arrow dinner o f 1 8 9 7 th e f eelings of th e large ga theri ng of Ha rr ovi a ns

were dee ply sti rred by a l etter f ro m Dr Vau ghan ,rea d by Dr Bu tler, th e M as ter of
. .

Trini ty , expressing his undyi ng love f or the school , and h is regret (f or whi ch tru ly
there was little ca use) th a t h e h ad n ot been kind enou gh to th e boys .

Dr Vau gha n s work as a grea t religi o us tea c her, distincti ve ra ther th a n

’
.

“
distingui shed, as h e pref erred to call it, h as its prai se in all th e churches ; and ”

his dea th in O ctobe r 1 8 9 7 was desc ribed as a bereavement to th e Chr isti an wor ld .

Arc hbi shop Benson sa id of him to th e wr i ter of these no tes some years ago : N0
”
l i vin g man h as la id th e Chu rch of E ngland u nder grea ter obligations .

C HA R LE S DA LRYM PLE .
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
s ta es
g in i
ed u ca t on , wi th th eir re ward s at th e Un i vers i ties and e ls ewhere, an d al so

f o r th ose higher h on ours, whi ch are th e achi evement of a l ater age, an d th e

”
award of th e S ta te in wh ose se r vi c e th ey are won .

As some of th e instituti ons a nd events con nec ted with Dr Bu tler s headmas ter
’
.

ship are deal t wi th in other pa rts of thi s vo l u me, it will b e co n ven i ent to grou p th e

s u bj ec ts o f thi s arti c l e roun d th e Tercentenary of th e sc h oo l .

Duri ng the years 1 8 7 0 7 1 , while France an d Germany were in th e agony of a

-

memorable war , the interest of Har rovi ans was pea cef ully cen tred in th e three
hu ndredth bir thday of th e sc hool .

Bef ore dealing with th e Tercentenary Fes ti va l, it may b e well to remind those
Harrovians, whose schoo l days date f rom 1 8 8 5, that even af ter all Dr Vaughan s
-
.
’

materi al addi ti ons to th e sc h ool buildi ngs (and they were both generous and
extens i ve) , we were b u t ill e qu ipped Th e only library in 1 8 59 was a sma ll room
.

in th e ol d sc h oo l ; there was n o covered rac ket c ou rt ; th e c ha pel h ad n ot recei ved

-

its spi re ; th e sanatori u m did not exist ; th e gymnas i u m and wor kshops were u h
d rea m t of ; there were no na tura l sc ience clas s room s ; fives co u r ts h ad been f a i n tly ,
- -

a nd on ly f aintly su g es ted ; th e o l d pa vili on su f ficed f or th e f our ga m es whi c h

, g
were then pl ayed on th e o l d gro un d ; an d a n arro w s trip of field on th e o ther s ide
of th e road , rented by th e Phi lathleti c Cl ub (and theref ore ca ll ed Th e Phil
a th l eti c acc om moda ted those whose sc h ol a rs hip was better th an th ei r c r i cket,

a nd wh o cou ld fin d no pla ce in th e o th er sc h oo l ga mes Th e ol d sp eech roo m

.
-

h ad to ser ve a ll pu bli c p ur p oses , and was also us ed as a c lass roo m ; D u c k pu ddle - -

( n o t ye t re d u ce d t o D u ck er th e ad mi ra ble work o f M r H arri s , was o ne ha l f .

as l arge as it beca me u n der M r A G Wa ts on ; th e m u seu m b u ildi ngs , wi th the i r

. . .

—
l ux uri ous sc hoolrooms, were not e en loomi ng in th e f u ture th e archi tec t, in f act,
v

—
was still a t school and where th e pleasan t terrac es a nd ga rdens s l ope eas twa rd
f rom th e chape l , th e head mas ter pi c ked his pears a nd a pples , a nd th e schoo l
”
C ustos , S am, h is gooseberries an d pl u ms .

—
A s to other in stitu tions , th e r ifl e corps,born in 1 8 59 ,a nd f ostered by M r G F . . .

Harri s, th e senior as s ista nt mas ter, a nd M r J C Templ er, th e first capta i n of the
-
. . .

Harrow Town vo lunteers, was hard ly steady in th e goose step, and j ust lea rning to -

” ”
f orm f ours .Th e Praes ides Orna tiss imi were still genia l governors, and n ot
et s ti f f ened by A ct of Par l i a ment i nto a go vern i ng b ody
”
T h e
“ l o wer sc ho o l
y .

of John Ly on — th en k n o w n as t h e n s or —
E gli h m still enj oyed the s moke a nd
f
”
d rau gh ts a nd bro k en win dows of th e Pu bli c room Th e nea rest s ta ti on was , and
-
.

was f or an other twenty years to b e , a mil e and a ha lf a way Th e piggeries and .

”
potteri es of Notting Hill had no idea of th e Harro w missi on u nder th e R ev W . .

L a w a nd h is energeti c sta f f .Th e R ev L San ders on had not begu n th e l ong ro ll

. .

of Elstree S cho l a rshi ps . Th e mas ters when off du ty were never seen wi thou t thei r
”
toppers, a nd th e boys were still wea ri ng stra w hats wi th a n apprecia bl e depth
of crown . Verse compositi on reigned with u ndi sputed sway ; and if c las sical
s ch o la rs ever thought o f a Modern Side, it was , a t best, a n a ppari ti o n in a very

ugly dr ea m .

Th e wants and shortco mi ngs i ndica ted a bo ve were a l l su pplied dur i ng Dr Butl er s
’
.

term o f office, and ma i nly by his generou s exerti ons ; and as many of them were
s w FRO! G R OVE H im
.
1 20 H AR R OW SCHOOL
ou t as orna menta l grounds,were completed in their present f orm and extent when
th e Bu tler Mu se u m and Schoo l s were bu il t in 1 8 8 6 .

Thes e opera ti ons, i nc l u di ng the purchas e of l an d thu s rendered necessary , su f h

c ien tl ac cou nt f or th e ex ha u s ti o n o f th e Ly on Mem or i a l Fu n d Si n e 1 8 8 5 large
y c .

a ddi ti onal su ms ha ve been ra i s ed,bui ldi n s e rected ,a nd la nd bou gh t,b u t with these ,
g
s u bs e u ent to Dr Bu t ler s head masters hip, we are not n o w co nce rn ed
’

q . .

To return to th e Co mm em ora ti on Fes ti va l in 1 8 7 1 Founder s Day was observed ’

.

f or that year on 1 5th Ju n e i nstea d of , as u sua lly , in O cto ber Th e c hief i nci .

dents in th e day were an ea rly ce lebra ti on of th e H oly Commun ion at 8 ; th e Com

memora ti on S ervi ce at l uncheon, u nder canvas , in th e schoolyar d f or some
20 0 ol d Harrovi an s, a nd in th e milli ng grou n d f o r th e who le sc hoo l ; a nd in th e -

even i ng a di s play of fire wor ks o n th e cr i c ket gro un d Th e wea ther was deplora ble, -
.

and s po il t th e e nj oyment of the a f ternoo n b u t, a f ter a l l , what ma ttered it ?

I ntonu it lae vum was th e happy omen whi ch , a f ter l un c heon, th e A rchbis hop
of Du blin drew f rom a ragi ng thu nderstorm, and so inaugu rated th e sec ond
thr ee hu ndred yea rs of th e sc hoo l s li f e Writi ng n ow, in th e thirteenth y ear of
’
.

th e R ev J E C W el ld on s head mas te rs hip , we than kf ul ly ac kno wledge that

’
. . . .

th e first q u arter of a centu ry h as not be li ed th e augu ry .

A t th e Co mmemora ti on S er vi ce the hea dmas t er was th e p reacher I t was f el t .

”
even by those wh o,in th e Memoria l s of Harro w Su ndays, still ca ught th e ec hoes of
A n other s V oice ,that no one cou ld better ga ther u p th e pas t,a pprec iate th e p resent,
’

and suggest ( if n ot f o recas t) th e f u tu re, tha n Dr Bu tl er h i ms el f N or were h is . .

hea rers disa ppointed as h e presented in th e light of Chr i stian du ty th e vari ou s

— —
influences of a f am ous sc hool , in f orming intellec tu a l taste, in cementing happy
f ri ends hips , in gi vi ng th e firs t l es sons in pu blic spiri t , and in su pplyi ng th e ba ttl e
field f or m ora l struggles , nay, m ore tha n a ll thi s, in s ti rri ng the first c onsc iousnes s
of a divi ne ca ll in ma ny a hu man s ou l , th e qu esti on ma w ell ha ve been as k ed by
y
eac h one of so me 8 00 li s teners : A m I as th e happy s ubj ect of su c h in flu ences—a
—
”
profita ble member of th e Chu rch a nd Commonwea l th ?
W e cross th e road to th e sc hoo lyard I t was roof ed in f or th e occas ion wi th .

ca nvas , a nd ta bl es were laid f or som e 200 ol d Harro vi ans The Du ke of A bercorn, .

K G , was in th e chair Th e pri ncipa l speakers , besides th e chairman, were th e

. . .

Archbi sho p of Du bli n ( Dr Trench) , th e Bi shop of Li nc ol n ( Dr Words wor th ) , th e

. .

Earl of Veru lam, Lord George H amilton, M P , th e Mas ter of th e Temple ( Dr . . .

Vaughan), th e H on F Ponsonby, th e H on R Gri mston, M r Beres f ord H ope,

. . . . .
-

M P , th e sen i or assi sta nt mas ter ( R ev R M iddl emist) ,th e Vi ce President of Ca i us

. .
-
. .
-

Coll ege, Cambridge ( R ev B H Drur y) , th e Mas ter of Marlborou gh College (R ev

. . . .

. .
—
F W Farra r), they al l gave happy expression to loya l thoughts and memori es
a nd h o pes ; whil e other H arrow masters ,pas t a nd p resent , Pro f ess or Westc ott,R ev .

E H Bradby,Re v E M You ng,E E Bowen,G H H a lla m,and Gu sta ve Mas son,

. . . . . . . . .

by pl easant verse or song in Latin , Engli s h, Greek , and B e nch, brought out th e
bes t f ea tures of the day s commemorati on The speec hes were pleas antly varied by
’
.

s c h ool so ngs , s u ng by s om e 3 5 0 boy s, u n der th e di rec t i o n o f John Far mer, ra nged

-

ti er above ti er behin d th e c ha i rman H ow many of th e co mpany then present,f ull

.

of reco llec ti on s of th e pas t, and a n ti c ip ati ons of th e f u ture, m u st have a ppli ed to

 DR . H MONTA GU BUTLE R
.
1 21

some o h l f ellow s career,or to their own the words of W J H ope Ed wardes

ld sc oo -
’
, . .
’

poem on Harrow ?
And h th th t ly h p b bl ed with T th ?
a a ear o e een es s ru

H th h f l fil l ed th p mi
a e f hi y th
u e ro se o s ou ,
A d b th d th h d m y fi ld ’
n o rn e u n sca
g ng t e r ou a er s s or e

Vi t wh ite w th nd H n h ield ?
’
t inl
’
r ue s r ea a o o ur s s a es s s

One more word about th e Festi va l A f ew days af ter th e co mmemorati on ,with

.

thei r usu a l thou ghtf u lness and courtes y , Dr and M rs Bu tl er entertai ned at su pper , . .

in th e schoo lyard , u p wards of 20 0 trades men and f arm ers of H arrow, wi th thei r
wi ves Th e pos t of ho nour at th e cha irman s right hand was occ u pi ed by M r
’
. .

S neezu m, of John Lyon s f ar m at Preston Thi s pleas ant enter tain ment materi a l ly
’
.

strengthened th e go od un derstandi ng, as we ll as th e c l ose c onnection, which Dr .

Butler was a l ways anxious to esta bli sh between th e school and th e to wn .

“ ”
An d wha t is th e u pshot of it al l ? Do Fai th ,Zea l ,an d Progress , th e conditi ons
of per manence la id do wn by Dr Vau ghan in his speec h on th e Tercentena ry Da y,sti l l
.

endu re, and a nimate a nd c ha ra c teri se our boys ? Do th e f ai th and dar ing of
Dr Bu tler s s chool hymn s till
.
’
-
hau nt ou r ancient Hill ? W as th e Festi va l to b e
”

merely a day of mu tu al congratu la ti on,or was it to b e a f res h sta r ting point f or loya l -

a n d en th u si as ti c ef f ort ? W as S tet F or tu na Domus on ly an aspira ti on spri ng

ing f r o m Un ivers ity pri zes , mili ta ry honou rs , po li ti ca l di s ti nct i ons , and a th l eti c
vi ctori es ? or was it th e p ra yer o f th os e wh o , f or th e ti me bei ng, were th e guardi an s

o f th a t hou se Did it mere ly express a des ire tha t later generations might
have th e sa me pleasant soc ia l i ntercourse whi ch their f athers ha d enj oyed when
they were boys together Or did it delibera tely cha llenge posteri ty to sta mp
D onor um Dei D is pem a tio F idelis u pon its a chi evements ,wi th no less emphas i s ,and
with s till c lea rer lines tha n their predec essors ha d s ta mp ed it u pon theirs ? N o , as
we thi nk of f u t ure generati ons of Ha rrovians bu ilding u p th e wall s of th e n ext three
“
hu ndredyea rs of th e sc hool s lif e,Harro vians,wh o,we trust,will b e stronger tha n we,
’

”
a nd better and c ompl eter, we wo u ld of f er them ,wi th ki nd li es t hope,a wa rni ng whi ch

we wou ld a t th e sa me ti me apply mu ch more severely to ou rsel ves , S tren ue conte n

dant ut ne su o f orte vitio, sua inc uri a, bona H arroviensiu m existimatio deh onesta ri
”
videa tur S o s pok e H Monta gu Bu tler , th e hea d of th e sc hool in 1 8 5 7 , and we
. .

find an u n consc iou s echo of his words in H as ti ngs R a sh dal l s Contio of 1 8 77 ,

’

when th e Ly on Mem oria l Fu nd h ad done mos t of its materia l wor k : Crescun t

mirific e l udendi adi u menta , crescunt incitamenta dil igen tiae Sa epius a u tem cu m .

o u l is tu m Acad em u s acc id it, u t q u e virtu tem vi orem u e c onfirmare deb eren t,

p p a g q
ea i na via m p oti ns , ia cta tionem, socordi a m attu l erint N os qu idem m onet vetu s
g .

illa dom u s nostra e simpl ic itas , monent l imen, sca mna , pari etes, non aedificioru m
magnificentia m, non patronorum l ib era l itatem A l mae Ma tr i gl ori am parere, sed
”
vrt os .

Th e Tercentenar y comm em ora ti on , in its record of th e pas t, a nd its schemes f or

th e f utu re , gathers u p m ost that is memora ble in Dr Butl er s wi se an d su ccessf u l
’
.

a dmin i stra ti on ; b u t it is eviden t that even th e mo st s u mm ar y acco u nt of a h ea d

mas tership mus t deal , to a certai n extent,with th e hea d master s teac hing, and mu st ’

dra w in f erences as to its chara cter f rom some of its resu lts W e may d o so wi thou t .
1 22 H ARR OW SCHOOL
a tte mp ting to i
re v ew th e whole field co vere d by that very wide and co mprehensive
word “ instru cti on ”
.

I t ma y b e sa id— and we ha ve th e sa n i —
highest au thori ty or yi g t that a teac her,
f
if h e is to b e ca ll ed suc cess f u l , m ust f u l fil th e f ollowing con diti o ns : H e mu st b e
an exa mple to his pu pil s , h e m u st k no w h is s u bj ec t well , h e must b e a l ways

rea di ng a nd hear i ng m ore a n d more abo u t it, h e m us t al ways b e lea rn i ng some

”
t hing else, and h e mu st j y grea tly what h e teac hes
en o .

N ow, so f ar as boy s can apprec iate their teac hers—e nd boys are very shrewd
those wh o had th e pri vilege of bei ng in th e Six th Form du ri ng Dr Bu tl er s hea d
’
.

mas tership will , f rom first to las t, admit that th e tea ching which they enj oyed
stood these som ewha t severe tests Wi thout stopping to suppo rt this by spec ial
.

ill ustrati ons, th e rec ol lecti on s of a long l i ne of pu pils— many of them very dis
tinguis h ed—a re those of th e vari ety an d thorou ghnes s of Dr B utler s tea chi ng, of
’
.

its brightness and accu racy, of h is ill u stra ti ons, drawn f ro m a ll a va ila ble sources
which wou ld lend a pas s i ng cha rm, as well as of th e rei tera ti on o f typ ica l exampl es
wh i c h it migh t b e neces sary in th e i nteres ts of so u n d sch olars hip to i mpress We .

”
st ill hear th e f ri en dly warn i ng not to sa w h at ou k no w to b e wr o ng, and
y y
th e permi ssi on gl adly, b u t n ever i n di sc ri mi na tely , gi ven to wr i te our better exer
”
c i se
s in th e Boo k . There were so me of u s, perha ps, f or whom Context
morn i ng was not with ou t its terro rs, others to whom Gree k a nd Ro man myth o
l ogy was somewha t of a j u mble, others f or who m Ci cero and f Esc hyl u s borrowed
a n i nterpreta ti o n, if n ot a li tera ry c ha rm , f rom B ohn , o thers wh ose vi ews on th e

Gree k part icles were ha rdly orthod ox, others wh o even f el t that H orace repetition
sp o il t th e tas te f o r H orace ; b u t, ho wever d im th e c las s i ca l ey es ight of some o f t h e

wea ker schol a rs , and ho wever dul l o ur li tera ry tas te, a l l cou ld a pprecia te — and
—
did app recia te th e ea rnestness a nd f orce and vigour of this prince of teachers ,
a nd co u ld rea dily be li e ve h im whe n h e sa id , tha t h is ha ppi es t h ou rs a t H arro w

were th ose spen t in tea chin g th e Sixth Form .

A nd there was th e teac hi ng o f th e sc hoo l chapel , as well as of th e c lass room -

.

I n thi s respec t (as in ma ny others ) H arrow h as bee n f ortu nate in h er hea d mas ters ;
a n d th e Lessons of Li f e and Godli ness as soc i ated,between 1 8 44 a nd 1 8 59 ,wi th th e
s er mons o f Dr Vau gha n , were enf orced an d i l lu s trated , S u nda y a f ter S un day , wi th
.

re marka ble vari ety by h is s u c cess or .Wha tever th e s ubj ec t,it was s u re to b e handled
in an attract i ve way ; and whi le in ordi nary sermons it was i n vari a bly f el t that th e
pre acher h ad th e highest interests of th e s chool at heart,on extraordinary occas ions,
su ch as so me s pec i a l l oca l i ncident, or s ome nati ona l e ven t, s om e roya l m arri a ge, or

so m e her o s d eath , th e righ t thi ng was a l way s sa id by th e h ea dmas ter, a nd in th e

’

Bu t th e teac hing, whether secu lar or ligi ou s, is, af ter al l , on ly one of th e

re

f eatures of a su cc ess f u l head mas tership W e mus t l ook a li tt le more cl osely at

.

s ome o f th e secret s pri ngs of th e m achi nery A p ub l i c schoo l is n ot a soci ety

.

organ i se d f or th e benefit o f its chi ef , and r i s i ng or f a lli ng a t his will

. I n addi tion to
c ertai n persona l qua li ti es on th e part of th e hea d mas ter wh i ch a re i nd i s pen sa bl e,

such as l ea rn i ng, j u s ti ce, sympathy , c o u r tes y , zea l , and a reverent att i tu de to wards

matters of religi on, his su ccess mu st depend on h is s kil f u l adaptati on of su ch spec ial
1 24 HAR R OW SCHOOL
tinu o u s pect ro un d th e two true,s ingle hearte d Harrovians wh o,
res -
as
“Pon sonby and
” ” ”
Grimston, were f amiliar in our mou ths as hous eho ld words Our games, sai d
.

M r Grimston at th e Terce ntenary Festi va l , re qu i re pati ence, good temper, per

.

”
severan ce, good pl u c k , and , a b ove a ll , impli c i t o bed i ence Wha t description of
.

”
M r Grimston s o wn i n fl u ence cou ld b e more exact ! Bis da t qu i c i to da t, sa id
’
.

M r Ponsonby on th e sa me occas i on , as ki ng f or su bscripti ons as cha irm an of th e

.

Lyon Memoria l F und ; and if n ot onl y gu ineas, b u t als o loya l service, res olute
”
en dea vour , a nd u nsta i ned exa mpl e, ma b e ca ll ed i fi s , it was not b is h e
y g
gave them, b u t over and over aga in, wi th unf a ili ng generosity and u nconsc ious
tac t, f or more tha n fif ty yea r s .

( )
4 Y e t o n ce m or e O n t h e l 6t
.h o f D e c emb e r 1 8 9 3 , t h e las t S a tu rd a y o f th e

Christmas term,in th e f u ll su nshine of a su mmer like d ay,with church bells pealing, - -

a nd a mid st th e bright s ign s a d c heery ou nds of boyis h m

n s e rr e —
im t j ust as th e
n

dear f riend wou ld ha ve l oved to ha ve it— pro bably f ew noticed a so lemn, yet not
sorro wf u l , proces s i on , as it m ade its wa first to th e c hurch, a nd th en to th e
y
c emetery , wi th th e mor ta l rema i ns of th e Re v Joh n S mith Du ring th e last
. .

f ew yea rs of his li f e h e ha d been wi thdra wn f ro m ac t i ve work by ill hea l th ; b u t -

it was th e privil ege o f th ose wh o vi si ted him, first in h is reti re ment a t Ro eha mpton ,
an d a f terward s a t S t Lu k e s H ospita l, to see h ow th e c l ou ds , whi ch f ro m t i me to
’
.

tim e swept across h is mi nd, hardly veil ed his cha rac ter Even when th e s tra in of
.

bodily su f f eri ng became more severe, his f ri ends s till recognised th e sa me tender
sym a thy a nd j oy o u s opti mi sm, th e sa me Ch ri st i an hu mili ty an d l oving to l era ti on,
p
whi ch had endea re d him f or t wen ty five years n o t only to h is o wn ha ppy su bj ec ts
-

in th e Upper Fou rth Form , b u t to boys in a l l parts o f th e sc hoo l ; not only,

thr ou gh h is s erm ons , to a l l wh o li s ten ed to him in th e c ha pel, b u t in tim es alike
a nd so rro w to th e who le H a rrovian wor ld
of
j y
o .

( )
5 P a us e f or a mom ent a t th e Sha f tes bury M emori a l on th e wa lls of th e old
” ”
s ch o o l . Here , you say, wa s th e beginning of th e Harro w Miss ion to th e Poor .

Still , it was to the honour of Dr Bu tler s head mastership, and du e to his prac tica l
.
’

sy mpa thy , that th e i ndepe ndent ef f orts o f ol d H arrovians in th e wa of phila n

y
th ropic and spiri tua l wor k were combi ned in one f orc ible ex press i on of ou r du ty
”
to ou r neighb ou r I t was in th e year 1 8 8 2 tha t th e idea of enteri ng in to f riendly
.

ri va lry wi th other pu blic sc hoo l s too k th e defin i te sha pe of th e Harrow Miss ion
”
A ssoci a ti on Th e l ate Dr Wal sha m H ow, then S u f f raga n Bi shop of Bed f ord ,
. .

i nterested hi mself at once in th e propo sa l ; a nd, in an address gi ven in th e speech

roo m on th e spi r i tu a l and temporal n eed s of th e Lo nd on po or, h e i nvi ted th e

co o pera ti on o f th e sc h oo l
- Th e loca li ty of th e mi ss i on (eventua lly esta bli shed a t
.

Notting Hill) was f elt to b e a secondary qu es tion ; the ma tter of prime i mpor ta nce
was th e cho ice of th e firs t mi ss i oner A cc ordi ngly , th e ch arge o f th e miss i on was
.

entru st ed to th e R ev Willia m L a w, then ass i sta n t cu ra te at S t Mary A bbo tt s ,

1 ’
. .

Kensi ngton A better choice cou ld not ha ve been made With tact, bonhomie,
. .

”
vigo u r, a nd devoti on , wi th tr ue ma n li n es s a nd pu re religion, M r L a w gathered .

rou n d h im, bot h f rom H a rrow and Kens i ngton, m a ny f r i en ds , o ld a n d new, thus

drawn together, to thei r mutu al a dvantage, in one ha ppy u ndertaki ng A su m of .

A m ll p vili n h
1
s a abe n ected n th N i h l n G nd in memo y f M L w
o as e er o e c o so rou r o r. a .
 DR . H MONTA GU BUTLER
. 1 25

h as dy been ra ised among pas t and pres ent Harrovia ns,and devoted
al rea

to th e pur p oses of the mi ss i on A churc h h as been bu il t There a re men s , boys ,

’ ’
. .

and gir ls c l u bs, a nd recently a h ostel has been added f or th e rec ep ti on of ol d

’

Har rovians and others wh o may like to work in th e parish Visits are pa id to th e .

mi ss ion every term by parties of boys f ro m th e school , and o nce or twice a year th e
sc hoo l h as th e opp ortu n ity of m ee ti ng th e mi ss i oner in th e sp eech roo m,and heari ng -

f rom his own li ps a n accou nt of his stewards hip .

Su ch were some charac teri stic threads of persona l and pecu liar influ ence which
ra n th rou gh th e wh o l e o f Dr Bu tl er s lon g a dmi ni strati on I n menti on i ng these,
’
. .

we d o not ign ore oth ers ; th e versatili ty , f or i n sta nce, of Dea n Farrar, th e lea rn i ng
of Bis h op Wes tc ott, th e s i ncer i ty of Dr Bradby , th e f a u ltl es s p o li s h o f Re v E
. . .

M You ng, the li terary skill of M r Bosworth Smith, th e exac t scholarship of

. .

M r G H Hal la m, th e strength a nd tenderness combined of the Re v J Ro bertson

. . . . . .

An d pers ona l aff ec ti on on th e pa r t o f ol d Ha rrovia ns will read ily su pply remin i scence s
of o th er na m es , b oth of tho se wh o h ad t h e ha ppi nes s of worki ng u n der Dr Bu tl er .

during th e whol e of his headmas te rship, a nd of those wh o, f or shorter or longer

peri ods, f rom Eton , Winches ter, R ugby, Shrewsbury, Marlborou gh , and elsewhere ,
lavished u pon Harro w th e best gif ts whi ch they had received f rom their own schools .

N or d o we f a il to rec ognise h ow these thread s of i nfl u ence, gl adly a ppropriated ,

and wise ly wor k ed i nto th e f ab ri c o f th e sc hoo l li f e, were entwi ned (a n d was it n ot

a golden strand ? ) wi th th e grac i ous pres ence a nd th e genero us h ospi ta lity , th e

daily devoti on and th e practica l a bility , th e persona l cha rm a nd th e Christian

sympa thy , of M rs B u t ler . .

Th e prec i ous thi ngs of li f e ( if we may qu ote Dr Butl er s words) are rever
’
.

ence , an d tru thf u l n es s, and l ove of k nowl edge , a nd strength of pu rpose , and se lf

control , a nd d eli ca te sy mpa thy , and u n wor ldli ness , and scorn o f l u xury , a nd drea d

of that pecu liar phas e o f dis h ones ty , o r un th orou ghn es s , whi c h th e a pos t l e ca ll s

e e ser vi ce s we re a d s u ch m em ori a l s of Dr Bu t ler s head mas ters hip as a re

’
A
’

y
-
. .

exh ibi ted in th e p u b l i c an d p ri va te li ves of his pu pils, wheth er m ore or less d is

tinguish ed , d o we n ot find those mem or ial s c haracte ri sed by su ch preci ous thi ngs
thes e
J A C RUI KS HA N K. . .
 HAR R OW SCHOOL CHAP EL 1 27

been said, wh i ch has been recognised since his ti me in most schools N o dou bt .

c ircu m stances may in th e f uture ma ke it i mpos si b l e Dr A rnold expected his . .

co lleagues to b e in ho ly orders No head mas ter tod ay ca n enterta i n tha t expecta

.

ti on. Th e te ndency to separate th e educa ti ona l f rom th e c lerica l prof ess i on is a

growi ng tendency I t is u pon the whole a j us t tendency ; f or men ought not to be
.

l ed by ac cidenta l motives to seek ordi nati on, u n less they are inwardly moved to it,
an d th e ed u ca ti ona l prof ess ion is strong enou gh and honou rable enou gh to stand

by itse lf Bu t so long as public boa rding schoo ls exist, and so long as they give a
.
-

s u prem e plac e to religi on , n othin g ca n compensa te th e i nevi ta ble l oss wh i ch wi l l

oc cur whenever th e headmaster of a sc hoo l is not th e person primar ily c ha rged wi th

the duty of speaki ng to his pupi ls , as a mi nister of soul s, in th e sc hoo l chapel .

N or cou ld anythi ng so s urely ten d to depreciate re ligion in th e eyes of pu bli c

sc hoo lboy s, as that th e hea dmaster s hou ld spea k to them wi th a u thor i ty u pon al l

sec u lar su bj ec ts af f ecti ng thei r sch ool li f e, b u t that in th e c ha pe l, or when re l igi ous

teac hi ng is gi ven , h e shou ld b e silen t an d another shou ld occupy his p l ac e .

Th e ed uca ti onal tradi ti on of Dr Ar no ld pas se d in a sense — n ot, of course ,

.

ex c lu s i vely — f ro m R ugby to H arrow .

”
I n Dr Vaughan , say s th e histori an of
.

Harrow School , M r P M Thornton, Arnold seemed in the eyes of many al most

. . .

”
to li ve aga i n I t was f or Harrow a ha ppy c ircu msta nce that Dr Vau ghan,
. .

A rno ld s bel oved a n d dis tingui shed pu pil , th e i nheri tor of h is spiri t, was elec te d
’

two years af ter h is mas ter s death to th e hea dmas tership of th e schoo l
’
I t was al l .

th e ha ppier, if th e story b e true, tha t Dr Vau ghan h ad f a iled by only a s ingle

.

vote o f s ucc eedi ng h is own m aster at R ugby For Dr Vau gha n was rec ognised,
. .

es pec i a lly af t er th e p u bli ca ti on of Dean S tan ley s Li b i gi g H’

f e, as r n n to a rro w th e

stre ngth and en lighten ment of th e great sch oo l in wh i c h h e h ad rece i ved h is own

educa ti on I t is said tha t, when h e was a ca nd idate f or th e headmastership of

.

Harro w, th e Bishop of Ely urge d h im not to throw himself away u pon such a
sc hoo l If it were so , Dr Vaughan s head m as tership is a witness tha t it is a l ways
’
. .

in th e power of a good mas ter to make a goo d schoo l H e f oun d b u t 7 0 boys a t

.

Harro w ; h e l ef t nearly 47 0 H e enj oyed the oppo rtu ni ty not of ten given to
.
—
a h ead m as ter — o f crea ti ng a new sc hoo l u pon th e f oun dati on of a sc hoo l a lre a dy

an c i ent and h ono urable Th e Harrow of to day is still essenti a lly Dr Vaugha n s
-
’
. .

Ha rrow Every where it still reta i ns the impress of h is spiri t, his character, h is
.

au th ori ty B u t in no res pect is h is i nfl uence still s o u n mis ta ka bl e as in th e place

.

whi ch th e services of the schoo l chapel hold in th e reco llection and af f ection of
Harrovian s .

I t is tru e that Dr Vau ghan did not bu ild th e first sc hoo l chapel
. Th e schoo l .

o wed its firs t cha pel to Dr Words w orth . Bef ore h is time th e boys had worshipped
.

in th e par ish church ; f or Har row was not or igi nally a pu bli c b u t a local school, it
was a pa rt of th e pa ri sh of Har row, and theref ore it was natura l,and in deed inevi t
a bl e, that th e sc hool sh ou ld attend th e ser vi ces of th e par is h church B u t Dr . .

Wordsworth reso l ved that the sc hool s hou ld possess its own chapel A mong the .

Harrovi ans of h is time there was a good dea l of f eeli ng against the separation of th e
sc hoo l f r om th e pari s h ch urc h I t was argued tha t th e sc hoo l wou ld lose a val uable
.

charac t er i sti c , if it l ost its assoc i a ti on wi th th e c h urch Bu t Dr Wordsworth h ad . .

1 28 H A R R OW SCHOOL
no wi sh to ta ke his pu pils ltogether a way f rom the ch urc h I n h is serm on,preac hed
a .

in th e sch oo l cha pel on th e 28 th of Septe mber 1 8 3 9 ,th e S un day af ter its consecrati on ,
h e used these words L e t me obser ve that, wh ile we res ort to thi s cha pel , we do
not, a nd , I trust,we never s ha ll,f orsa k e ou r pa ri s h chu rc h On th e Su nday m orn in g .

we sha ll as semble there, in th e af tern oon here Here, we are a congregati on in

.

o ursel ves ; there, we sha l l b e a part of th e paroc hi al congregati on Both these .

conditi on s h ave thei r s pec ia l advantag es , and it is no s ma ll bless i ng tha t, by o ur

”
ain i ng th e one, we d o n ot lose th e o ther
g .

Th e ol d square red bri c k chapel of Dr Words worth s ti me,f oll o wi ng in its sl ope
’
-
.

f rom wes t to eas t th e d ecli n e of th e hill ,is a f amiliar obj ec t in pi ctur es a nd dra wings
of H arro w . I t was no t bea u ti f u l ; it was n ot permanent I t exhibi ted f e w or n o .

traces of dec orative art I ts servi ces were not enr i ched by much m u s i c ; f or nothi ng
.

was su ng ex cept a hymn ,an d even that is sa id to h ave bee n s ung as a so l o by M rs .

Wordsworth , wh o was sea ted in th e wes tern gallery Perhaps the chief in terest of .

that ol d ch apel is its as soc i at i on wi th th e brief a nd n ot en tirely f ortunate regime

of one wh o may not u nf a i r ly b e desc r ibed a s th e m os t lea r ned an d th e m os t sa i ntly

of sch oo lm as ters Bu t no H arro via n can f orget that to Dr Words worth, as h is

. .

memori al in th e ch apel rel ates, belongs th e merit of having been the first to c onc ei ve
and e xec ute th e p roj ect of gi vi ng to th e sc h oo l a centre of u n i ty an d of sanct i ty in

its own chapel .

Dr Va ugha n ac ted, it is known, wi th d u e regard to th e i nterests o f th e to wn as

.

a gro wi ng plac e, n o l es s tha n of th e schoo l , in wi thd ra win g th e boy s a l together

f rom th e paris h c hurch When th e nu mber of the boys rose to 3 00 and 400 , it
.

was d iflicul t or i mposs ible to find roo m f or th em in th e church N o dou bt Dr . .

Vaughan s i ntenti on was to bri ng th e school , af ter Dr Arnold s manner, u nder the
’
.
’

di rec t a nd exclus i ve religi ous i nflu ence of th e hea dmaster S till the co ns ci ousnes s of
.

an a ll egi an ce to th e pa r i s h ch urc h h as at no tim e been who lly a bsent in th e sc hoo l .

I t was l ong ack n o wl edged , when ear ly celebra ti ons of th e H oly C ommu ni on were
u nkno wn to th e cha p el , in th e ha bi t of devou t boy s a tten ding th e celebra ti o n in

th e pa ri sh c hur ch A nd it was vi s ibly as serted a f ew years ago , a t th e 8 0 0 th

.

anni versa ry of th e consec ra ti on of th e pari sh c h urch by S t A n se l m , when th e .

sch oo l was per mi tted , through th e ki nd ness o f th e vi car , to a tten d a s pec i a l ser vi ce

there, a n d th e Mas ter of Tri ni ty College, Cambridge, was th e prea c her Sti l l th e .

sepa ra te, a bsol u te exi stence o f th e sch ool c hapel da tes f ro m Dr Va u ghan s tim e
’
. .

Th e cha pel i tsel f is th e archi tectu ral work of S ir Gilbert Sc ott I t was bu ilt .

arou nd th e ol d W ords wor thi an ch a pe l Th e chancel an d the n orth ai sle were

.

finished in 1 8 55 .The sou th ai sl e was added two years later as a mem orial of th e
Harrovi ans wh o died in the Crimean W ar The cha pel,as a whole, was consec rated
.

by th e Bishop of London on All Sa ints Day, 1 8 57 S uch has been the hi story of
’
.

th e chapel ; and when it is told, al l that rema ins is to s pea k of th e ser vi ces he ld
within it in their re la tion to the lif e of th e schoo l .

Th e servi ces of a p u bli c sc hoo l c ha pel are not al together l ike other ser vi ces
-
.

They possess a special character of their own Th e worship is not a mere daily or
.

wee kly event in li f e ; it is th e crown of a com mon li f e H e wh o spea k s there, an d

.

th ey wh o li sten, are kni t toge ther by ties so in ti mate that thei r commun i ty of l i f e
 HAR R OW SCHOOL CH APEL 18 1

c annot b u t b e f elt as i ntense ly rea l They are not like men and women wh o meet
.

o nce in a wa an d,ex cept f or their m eeting in th e sanctuary ,h ave li ttle in comm on

y .

Thei r u ni on is so c lose that wh atever interest tou ches any one tou ches them all ,and
wh atever touches all tou ches every one Th e b uildi ng i tse lf is to them a s hri ne of
.

sac re d memories I n it have knelt the generations of the young, many of them the
.

a rents and kins men of those wh o now kneel there T h e wall s are covered wi th
p .

t he m onu m ents of th e pas t . I n one place,perhaps,are th e names of the f ri ends and

b enef ac tors of the school , in another th e names of th e school s m ost nobl e sons, in
’

a nother th e nam es of those wh o l aid d own the ir l i ves f or th ei r country , in an oth er

th e na mes Of boys wh o have di ed du ri ng school li f e Th e var i ous parts of th e

.

—
building th e rered os , the sta lls, th e pillars, th e stained i ndo s recall the
w w —
e vents and achi evements of th e as t I t is imposs ibl e that an w orshipper in a
p .
y
s ch ool c ha pel , a bove a l l , h e whose of fice it is to preac h there, shou ld b e dead to

its inspi ring associati ons . N ot u nf air ly was it that a great p reacher used these
1

words : Bel ieve me, beli eve one wh o tells you , f rom his own recollecti on, that
if there b e any time or plac e in which h e may seem to have met th e a ngels of
God on his pilgri mage throu gh lif e, it was in th e midst of a congregati on, and in
”
t he wa lls of a cha pel su ch as this . A nd if anywhere an attempt has been ma de to
impress u po n public schoolboys the continuity and th e sancti ty Of schoo l lif e, by
th e memori al s of whi ch th e chapel is the shr ine, it is so at Harro w For th e cha pel
.

is th e gi f t of ol d H arrovi ans to their school Dr Vaughan him se lf gave the

. .

c hancel ; and in it a m em ori a l of h is headmas ters hip will soon b e placed by th e

gratef ul generos ity of his pu pils The ta blets with whi ch th e walls of th e cha pel
.

now nearly covered ossess every one its s ec i al i nteres t I n th e north ai s l e are
p p .

th e memori al s of th e m asters, and of su ch f riend s Of th e school as have won f or

themse lves an i ntimate, perso na l as soc i ati on wi th its li f e E very Harrovian , as
.

h e sta n ds here, read s with a f u ll hea rt th e inscriptions commemora ti ve of th e two

grea t benef actors of Harrow, the f ri ends and c omrades of many years ,th e late Lo rd
Bess b orough , better k nown perha ps as Fred Ponsonby, and th e H on R obert .

Grimston But no inscripti on ca n be more pathetic in its beau ty , at least to those

.

wh o kno w al l that its touchi ng words imply, than th e tribu te paid by th e Master
Of Tri n ity to h is sa i ntly colleague, M r Joh n Smi th
.

To TH E YO UN G A F ATHE R,

To F RI E N DS IN JOY OR G R I EF A B ROTHE R,

To TH E POOR, TH E S UF FER I N G, A N D TH E TE M PTE D

A M IN I STE R OF H OPE A N D STREN GTH .

TRIE D BY M ORE THA N C OM M ON So R Rows,

A N D UP BOR NE BY M ORE THAN C OM M ON F A ITH ,

H I S HOLY LI F E I N TE R FRETE D To M A N Y

TH E M I N D W HI C H W A S I N C H R I ST JES US ,

THE PR OM I S E OF TH E C OM F OR TE R,

A D TH E VI S I ON G R A NTE D To TH E P U RE I N HE A RT
N
.

A bove the mem ori als of th e mas ters an d the lif e l ong f riends of th e s chool are
-

1
Th l t Dean St nl y
e a e a e .
13 2 HA R R OW SCHOOL
a f ew cons
p i cuousm onu —
men ts as many as th e s pa c e will hal lo w
on our— erected in

of di sti n u is hed H arrovia ns by their co ntemporar ies T f th se,whi ch bears

g o one o
. e

the na me of the la te M r J R Godl ey , M r G ladstone was a contr ibutor ; and h is

. . . .

name, a m ong o thers , a ppear s upo n it . B ut th e m ost interes ting, perha ps, is the
monu ment to the late Lord Strangf ord,in whose memory th e S trangf ord Geography
Pri m were f ounded by his widow, with an inscription exp ress ing the lesson of his
nobl e lif e in th e f o llowing words

THI S M EM OR I AL IS PLA C E D

I N TH E S C H OOL WH E R E H E PAS S E D TH REE H A PPY YE A RS ,

11 ) R E MI N D THOS E W H O COM E A I- T E R HIM

THA T F E E BL E HE A LTH A N D E VE N C ONTIN U AL SUF FE R I N G

A RE N O BA R m P R O F O U N D A N D FR UI TF UL STU DY ,

WHEN CON QUE RE D BY A STRONG WI LL

A N D IN S PI R E D BY A LOF I Y P UR POS E
' '
.

As th e nor th ais le of the chapel is devoted to the commemoration of long servi ce

and grea t aff ect i on f or th e sc h oo l , in th e so u th ais l e th e Harro vi ans wh o h a ve la id

down their li ves f or their cou ntry in war find a j ust and so lemn commemoration .

Th e ai s le i ts el f was bu il t, as h as been said, in mem ory of th e Harrovia ns wh o f el l in

th e Crimean W ar ; th ei r n a mes a nd a es are record ed — m any of the m were li ttle
g
—
more than boys on th e bras s which run s along its f u ll length A t their head , .

a b ove th e western d oor, is th e m onu ment to th e H on C W H A gar, whose na m e,. . . .

engra ven u pon an other m onu m ent, is t he first or a lm ost th e first tha t meets th e e e
y
of one wh o enters t he E ngli sh cemetery at Sebas to po l To Harro vian hea rts no
.

nam e is dearer than that of Capta i n Geor e Loc kwood , th e hero of M r Bowen s
’

g .

s ti rri ng poem . B ut every war enr i ches H arrow wi th memori al s of noble deaths,
every war a u gm ents th e m onu m ents in th e sc hoo l chapel ; and h e must b e d u ll of

heart wh o can look wi thou t emotion upon the names of the three dis ti nguished
H arrovi an so ldiers—Genera l Ear le, Lo rd S t V incent, and Col onel Burnaby— wh o
.

f ell together in th e S ou dan, or of that young H arrovi an, wh o died b u t th e other

day upon th e height of Pentepigadia, and is now commem orated by th e lates t
ad di ti on to th e tabl ets in th e chapel , Clement H arris A ll these are i nteresti ng
.

and touchi ng m em ori a ls , and et they yi eld , it may b e tr u ly sa id, in i nterest a nd

y
pathos to the memoria ls of boys wh o have died at H arrow dur ing thei r school li ves .

I t is impossible to enu merate these memoria ls B ut wh at a ta l e they tel l of bright

.

hopes darkened and l ovi ng hearts lef t desolate and sad ! A m ong al l these the
tablets co mmem orati ng th e two s ons of Matthew Ar nold , wh o di ed wi thi n f our
years of one another ; of C ottrell, wh o was killed in a moment u pon th e cric ket
fiel d b u t a f ew days bef ore h e wou ld have played in th e great match at Lo rd s ; and
’

of one other b oy, of wh ose paren ts it is wr i tten , Beside him they had nei ther son
”
n or da ughter , su f f ice to reveal th e wea l th of s on ow tha t li es , a midst m uch th at is
'

radi ant and happy , in th e nature of p u bli c sc h oo l li f e

-
.

B u t l et me c ome to the chapel servi ces themse lves A t H arrow it has never
.

been thought well to mul tiply servi ces Dr Arno ld f elt a dread of holdi ng many
. .

se r v i ces f or bo y s , and th e h ea dm as ters o f H arro w h ave f e l t it Th ey h ave thou ht

g .
136 HARR OW SCHOOL
f actors began I wish I cou ld in al l cases reveal the i nner as well as the outer
.

—
hi story of their benef acti ons the thoughts , th e h Opes, th e f eelings, the aff ecti ons
whi ch p rompted or ac compani ed thei r gif ts These would b e f oun d very various,
.

sometim es th e dea th of a wif e, or hus ba nd , or son, or f ath er ; so metimes the

mem ory of a dear f r i end ; so metimes th e ucce ses O f a s gif ted so n ; so met i mes
s

the s impl e wi s h to en c o urage o me p urs u i t, intellect ual

s or phy si cal , not yet
su f f icien tly d o mes tica ted a t H a rro w By a l l these
.
“ co rd s o f a man
”
o ur

ki nd hea rted benef actors h a ve been d ra wn

-
.

I f this h uman side o f them i to o O f te n s

f orgotten , if a ha ppy b oy wh o wi ns
“Jones ” o r th e “S trangf o rd ” o r
, ,
”
B o u r c h ier ,
or th e “Greg
”
y
or , or the
“Clayt on ” or
,

the M acna
”
m a ra, k nows
or t hi nks but
li ttle of th e

m! M M
“ 1 !A

TH E OLD Sc H OOLs .

mm on
destiny The benef actor di b m es, an d g y h ad ow
it is b ut the co .
ec o es a ra s

of th e pas t H is energy, his enlightenmen t,

.
h i s a ff ec t i ,p h p
o n er a s hi s so rrow s an d
berea vements,are f orgotten, b ut the benefit and the beneficiaries li ve on .

m h b b
I t ust a ve een a ou t 1 8 1 8 t tha D r G eo r ge B
. u tl er , w h o h a d b eco m e h ea d
E b
master at aster 1 8 0 5, egan th e e f f ort w h i c h o ccu pi e d hi m t i l l h is res igna ti on a t
 H AR R OW BENEFA CTORS AN D B E NEFA C I I ON S
‘
13 7

Easter The Obj ec t c f this ef f ort was to provide, by the

1 8 29 . vol u n tary su b

scri tions of ol d Harrovians and conn ecti ons Of t h e sc hoo l , an additi on to th e

p
”
sc hoo l bu ildi ngs, f or the j oi nt pur poses of i ns tr uct i on and pu bli c spea ki ng Th e .

building was to b e in direct contac t wi th the ol d sch ool of John Lyon, and to
co mpri se a ha nds ome speec h room and library on th e first floor, and , a bove th ese ,
-

”
five s paci ous apartments, available f or th e pu r poses of i ns tr ucti on .

These last words are qu oted f rom a notice iss ued of f icially l st Janu ary 1 8 28 .

I t al so sta te s that on Speec h day,3 rd Jun e 1 8 1 9 ,th e first stone of th e new bu ildi ng
-

was l aid by th e Earl o f Cl arendon , th e sen i or G o vern or, in presen ce of a very

”
nu m erous assembla e of vi sitors
g .

H o w long th e des ign, whi ch was then so au spi c i ous ly ca rried i n to ef f ec t, h ad

been growing in the mind either of th e head mas ter or of other f ri ends of the school ,
there is , so f ar as I a m a ware, no record To j u dge f rom th e names of the com .

mittee and f rom the su bscripti on list, it must ha ve bee n well received A mong th e .

donors, besides the headm as ter, who gave £500 , and so me eight of his colleagu es ,
wh o gave bet ween th em 200 gu i neas , we find th e nam es of th e Du kes of Devonshire
and Gra f ton, th e Marquess of Has ti ngs , K G ( Governor Genera l of Indi a ) , th e . .
-

Earls of Aberdeen, K T , Clarendon, De l a Warr, Euston, Go wer, Grosvenor,

. .

Hardwi cke, Harrowby, Ossory, Pembroke, Plymou th, Ra wdon, Spencer, Veml am,
W inchilsea, Winterton, Viscou nts Acheson, Ashl ey, Boyle, Co le, Dal meny, Folke
stone, God eri ch , Lof tus , N orma nby , Pa lm erston , th e Bi s hops of Cl ogher, Cl o ne,
y
L ich fiel d, Peterborough ,Lords A rden,Calth orpe,Churchill ,Cranstou n,A Hamil ton, .

H M Howard, Kenyon, Charles L Kerr, Lilf ord , Lyttel ton, Ma cdonald, Newport,
. . .

Northwick , Ossu l ston,Ramsay, S t John,the Ri ght H on Ro bert Pee l, M P H on . . . . .

W I Ponsonby, S ir Thomas Dyke Ac land, Bar t , M P Sir Harry Cal ver t, Bart ,
. . .

S ir J Ra mSay, Ba rt ; R ev J W C u nningha m , R ev Dr Parr, Spencer

. . . . . .

Perceval , E sq ,M P ; Lieut Col Wildman of Newstead Abbey

. . . .
-
. .

The inscri pti on on th e port ico of th e new buildi ng, above th e school steps , ran
as f o ll ows
I OAN N ES LY ON

SC H OL AM CON DI DI T A S M D LXXI I . . .

GUB E R N ATOR ES V ETUSTA TE COR R UPTA M

A UC N )
'
CULTU R EF E CE R UNT A . S . D
M CCCX I X .

Dr Butler s ci rcu lar, sta ti ng the f u ll Obj ects in vi ew and i nvi ting subscriptions,
.
’

was iss ued f rom time to time ti l l he lef t in 1 8 29 , and al ways bore the motto
Si qua ntu m cup erem,p oss am quoque .

Th e tota l su m su bscribed f or thi s first benef act i on a mou nted to a bou t £8 000 .

Gif ts of books to th e new library, whi ch were earnestly sol icited, ca me in

ra pi d ly, and f rom many ill u s tri ous donors Most of them were very ha ndsomel y .

bound The H a rr ovia n might provide not a f ew interesting articles by recording

.

th e nam es of some of these donors, th e ti tl es of thei r gi f ts , and th e grad ua l gro wth

of th e librar to 1 8 63 , when th e b ook s and pi ct ures , and a ll th e treas ures tha t
y pu

h ad accu m u l ated in th e m oni tors library du ri ng s ome f or ty years, were rem oved
’

”
reverent ly to th e new Vaughan Lib rar , y which was hencef orward to be t h e i r h o me .
1 38 HAR R OW SCHOOL
Th e xt benef acti on in point of
ne me is exp lained in
ti a note, st ill extant, in the
wri ti ng of Dr George Butler
.

1 8 20 .

Three pri zes were proposed by Dr B utler, hea dmas ter,at his own expense,
.

each five guineas , f or th e bes t G ree k S apphi cs , Lati n H exa meters, Engl i sh verse .

Th e Engl i s h verses did not see m to him su f fic i ently good f or a prize H e theref ore .

ave two p rizes f or Lati n H ex am eters I n t h y 1 8 2 1 or 1 8 22 th e Go vernors

g e ear .

determined to gi ve these pri zes at th e expense of th e school f unds Thus origi nated .

”
th e Governors prizes
’
.

On this note bserved , first, that al l the pri ze exercises Of 1 8 20 , 1 8 2 1 ,

it m ay b e o

1 8 22 are preserved in MS in th e Vaughan Library ; secondly , that in 1 8 20 , when

.

no E ngli sh poem was thought worthy of a p ri ze, th e gi ft ed poet, Isaac Willi am s ,

a i ned th e seco n d pri ze f or H exameters ; thi rdly , th at in 1 8 2 1 Lati n A l cai cs took

g
th e pl ace of E nglis h verse ; f ourthly , that in 1 8 23 G reek Iambi cs were su bsti t uted
f or th e Greek Sapphi c Ode in th e E oli c di a lect Th e origina l i nst i tu ti on Of th e
.

Sapph ic Ode was probably in imi ta ti on of the customs Of Cambridge, where, duri ng
Dr Bu tler s youthf ul lif e at Sidney Sussex Coll ege, S ir William Bro wne s m edal f or
’ ’
.

th e Gree k od e h ad been won by Sa mu el Tayl or C o l eridge in 1 7 9 2 , and by Sam uel

Butler, th e f u ture headmas ter of Shrewsbury, in 1 7 9 4 .

The su bseq uent substi tu ti on of Iambi cs may have been du e to th e f ac t that th e

”
Porson Prize, f ou nded in 1 8 1 7 , was won in 1 8 20 by W H Fox Ta lbot, th e . .

inventor of the f amous Talbot type,to wh om my f ather Of ten ref erred as the abl est
-

of a l l h is l ong li st o f pu pils , rem ark a bl e even then f or h is attain m ents both in

literature and in mathematics .

The first b oy to win a l l th e three new prizes in one year— or, as th e phr as e
af terwar ds ra n , to
ge t h is na m e acro s s th e bo ar —w as Ed w ar d K e nt K ars l ake,

in 1 8 3 7 .

Th e xt benef acti on is one of th e most i nteresting of all In 1 8 25 the

ne .

R ight H on R obert Peel , M P , th en H ome Sec retary , i n f ormed Dr George Bu tler

. . . .

o f h is wi sh to gi ve a nn u ally a go ld m ed a l f or an origi na l orati on or essay in Lati n

prose Th e correspondence between th e donor a nd th e hea dmas ter h as been pre

.

served , a nd may b e read in th e Va u ghan Library I t gi ves a very pl eas i ng pi cture

.

of Peel s sch ol ars hip ,good sense,attac hment to H arro w,a nd s impli ci ty of c haracter
’
.

The first l etter in th e seri es , da ted Whi teha ll , 1 8 th Ju ly 18 25 , di scu sses th e

ti tl e and desc rip ti on of th e p ro posed pri ze

”
Ikn ow h e says to Dr B utl er, tha t any terms cou ld b e better c hosen
n ot, .

f or th e record of my in tenti ons tha n th ose whi ch you have mad e use of in speaki ng
Of m
y p ro osal , an an nu a l G old Med a l f or th e enc o uragem ent of pro se c omposi
p
ti on in Latin at Harrow School .

Thi s l eaves an u nlimited discreti on to th e headmas ter as to th e c hoice of topi cs ,

a nd it might b e very u sef u l , in my opi n i on , tha t f u ll po wer shou ld b e i ven to var
g y
th e su bj ec ts of composi ti on — th at in one yea r su c h di scoveri es in m odern sc i ence as
can b e di scussed in tol era bly pure Lati ni ty S hou ld b e sel ec ted as th e th em e, in
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
Meda l was won by Thomas Dyke A cl and , eldest son of h is ol d school f el lo w, Sir -

Thomas Dyke Acland, and sti l l more when it f ell to h is own son Frederick in 1 8 41 .

Th e m eda l , it may b e ad ded, was a lso won in 1 8 8 5 and 1 8 8 6 by his two

grands ons, W R W Peel and A G V Peel , sons of th e f amous Speaker Of th e
. . . . . .

H ouse of Commons, af terwards Vi scount Peel and a Governor of Harrow School .

Th e exerc i ses whi ch gai ned th e Pee l Meda l were at first p ri nted separately, and
r ec i ted , in p art, on Speec h da Th ey h ave been bou nd together, and ca n b e read
y
-
.

in th e library Thei r l ength ,thei r good Lati ni ty ,and th e ran ge of thou ght and read
.

ing whi c h they di spla y are a grati f ying proof o f th e seri ous and even en th us i as ti c
spi r i t wi th whi c h M r Pee l s f ou ndati on was welcomed I n 1 8 3 8 they were bou nd
’
. .

u
p w i th th e other P r ol us iones .

I n 1 8 27 the Governors insti tu ted scholarships of £3 0 f or f ou r years f ro m th e

” ”
Founder s esta te These were l ong known as th e Governors or th e Lyon,
’
.
’

Scholars hips They las ted till 1 8 7 4 Th e first Lyon scholars were N utcombe
. .

Oxenh a m ( brother of th e Re v William Oxenh am, af ter wa rds l ower master) and
.

F Leybourne Popham The two las t Lyon scho lars were Vi scou nt Ebrington,
. .

1 8 7 2 , and , in 1 8 7 4, G W Ta llents, then head of th e sc hool

. . .

On 5th February 1 8 29 John Sayer, E sq , of Wi ck H ouse, nea r Worcester, .

a nd f ormer ly one of th e Sen i or Fellows o f Gonville and Cai us Co llege, C a mbrid e,

g
wh o h ad d eli vered th e Contio as h ead of th e school in 1 7 7 0 , f oun ded t wo
s chol arships of fif ty gu i neas ea ch f or f our yea rs , f or th e pro moti on of c las sica l
”
learning and tas te Each Sayer scholar was to become a member of Gonville and
.

Cai u s Col lege It is known that both Dr Butler and M r Henry Dm ry did
. . .

wha t co uld be d one wi th propri ety to i nd u ce M r Sayer to gi ve th e scholar ship .

with ou t any res tri ction as to Uni versi ty or College, b ut h e adhered to his original
pur pose H e was deeply atta ched both to his sc hool and to h is College,as may b e
.

gathered f rom the Deed of Gif t ou t of regard to wa rds th e sa id sc hoo l of

H arrow, at whi ch h e commenced h is educa ti on, and likewise towards th e said

Col lege of Gonvi l le and Caius in th e Uni versity of Cambridge,at which he finished
”
his ed uca ti on .

Th e first Sayer Scholars hip was won in 1 8 3 0 by Henry Dru ry , eldest so n of

th e l o wer master,af terwards edi tor of th e Am nd ines Cami,c hapl ai n to th e Spea ker
o f th e H ou se of C omm on s, vi car Of Bem er ton, etc I n 1 8 3 5 it was won agai n .

by h is brother, Benj ami n H eath Dm ry, f or many years an as s i sta nt mas ter at
Harrow, and now ( 18 9 7 ) Senior Fellow of Gonvil le and Cai us College Thi s was .

th e las t benef ac ti on du ri ng Dr George B u tler s hea dmasters hip I t shoul d perha p s

’
. .

b e add ed that, duri ng his twenty f ou r y ears of of fice, h e hims el f spent -

on

th e i mprovement of the head m as ter s h ous e, the hou se whi ch was burned down
’

in 1 8 3 8 .

Th e h eadmas ters hip of Dr Chri s topher Word s worth las ted f ro m 1 8 3 6 to th e

.

end Of 1 8 44 . During these eight years there were not a f ew important addi ti ons
to th e resou rces of th e sc hoo l I n 1 8 3 8 th e firs t school c ha pel was bu il t, by a
.

general su bscription Of this enterpri se Dr Wordsworth was himself the li f e and

. .

”
s ou l. It was , in truth , a bra ve ventu re of f ai th, as th e nu mbers of th e schoo l
at tha t tim e were not l arge, and th e p roj ect , in th e then sta te of p u bli c opi n i on,
 HAR R OW BENEFA CTO R S AN D BENEFACTIONS 1 41

was not likely to i

y general or very eager support B ut Dr Words
rec e ve ver . .

worth persevered, and him self contribu ted very han dsomely Dr Longley also , . .

th e new Bi shop of R ipon, gave a liberal s u bscripti on The s ite was a gi f t f rom .

Dr George Bu tler, wh o of f ered as m u ch lan d as was needed , and spec ia lly advised
.

that th e wes t f ront of th e bu il di ng shou ld b e set bac k a t som e distance f rom the
road ; b u t it was f ou nd tha t thi s wou ld ad d seri ous ly to th e cost of th e f ou nda ti ons ,

which in any case was f ormidable .

Th e first s tone of th e c ha pel was laid on th e Speec h d ay 4th J uly, a day whi ch -

has been th e wi tness of many lea ding incidents in th e hi story Of Harrow At th e .

c l ose o f th e speeches a very large body of gu ests went down to th e s i te se lected .

A speci a l f orm Of prayer was read by th e headm as ter , a f ter whi ch th e Earl of
A berdeen, one of th e Governors , th e f u ture Prime Min ister Of 1 8 53 , wi th due
mas onic prec is ion laid the first stone, on whi ch was inlaid a gilt brass plate wi th
th e i nscr ipti on
GEonc rUs C OM E S DE ABE R DEE N

N ON . QUI NTI L . A . s . Cl oroc cc xxxv m

FUS I s CI RCUM STA N TI UM PRE CI RUS

AD DE UM OPTI M UM M AXI M UM

UTI COEP TA PROS PE RA RET

S ACE LLI
SC H OLAE H A R Roe N S Is

PIE TA TI F OVE N DA E

DESTI NATI
A
L PI DE M A USPI CALEM

Lord A berdeen a f terwards spoke impress i vel y to th e as sembly,particu larly to the

boys of th e school Later on f ollo wed a luncheon in a pa vilion, at whi ch more
.

than three hundred guests were present Th e day was a very happy one, one of
.

”
the red letter days of H arro w
-
.

Bu t th e year 1 8 3 8 , hi therto so f ull of hope and promi se, was not to end wi thou t
rea t di sas ter W it hi n le
s s tha n f our m onth s f rom thi s bril li ant Speec h d a ,
y
-
a
g .

on 2 2nd O ctober , th e hou se o f th e headmaster and of al l his boarders was burnt to

the grou nd .

To return to specia l benef acti ons I n th at sa me year , 1 8 3 8 ,j ust af ter lea vi ng

.

th e sc hoo l , M r A lexander James Beresf ord H o pe f ou nded his prize f or trans lati on
.
-

i nto Greek prose, out of th e proceeds of the Lyon Scholarship whi ch he had won
th e yea r bef ore H is war m af f ection f or the schoo l was a mark ed f eature in his
.

chi va lrous and ki ndly nature H e su pported munificently every m ovem ent f or th e
.

welf ar e of Harrow, and in th e last m onths of h is li f e was cha irm an of a sm all

co mmi ttee f or er cting a H arrow mem ori al t o his bel oved f ri en d and f orm er
e
mas te r, Dr Wordsworth
. .

A l ater generation may b e remin ded that M r Beresf ord H ope, wh o marri ed .
-

Lady Mildred Cecil , sister of the present Marquess Of Salisbury, repre

sen ted th e Uni vers i ty of Ca mbridge in Parliament f rom 1 8 68 to his death in
 1 42 HAR R OW SCHOOL
18 8 7 . made a Pri vy C ouncill or H is name wil l be gratef ully re
I n 1 8 8 5 h e was .

membered in connexion with many good and pi ous works, among them the
r es torati on of S t Au u sti ne s Co l le e, Canter b ury , an d o f th e Mas ter s Lod e at
’ ’

g .
g g
Tri nity Co llege, Ca mbridge H is two sons were educated a t H arro w
. .

I n the year 1 8 3 9 two sc holarsh ips were f oun ded by M r Joseph Neeld , M P , . . .

of Gri ttleton They were limi ted to Oxf ord and to classi cs , the latter l imitation
.

being sugges ted by M r Henry Dru ry The va lue of each was £3 0 a year f or
. .

three years Twel ve years a f te rwards, in 1 8 51 , the same M r Neel d f oun ded a
. .

gold medal f or th e specia l encouragement of mathematics .

I n November 1 8 3 8 M r R icha rd Gregory made a will contai n ing two importa nt

.

bequests ou t of regard to the memory of his first wi f e, Isabel la, and to the f ree
”
grammar schoo l of John Lyon Fi rs t, f or th e promotion of sci ence and literature, .

h e des i red to f ou n a H arro w exhibi ti on , to b e ca ll ed I sabella Gregory s Exhib i

’

ti on, f or th e benefit of Harro w boys goi ng to Cambridge or Oxf ord The val ue .

of thi s exhibi ti on was to b e £1 00 a year Th e durati on of th e tenure beca me the .

su bj ect of length y li t igati on I t was first fixed a t three yea rs, then a t six years,
.

and fina lly a t f our yea rs Besides the exhibiti on, M r Gregory, al so out of regard
. .

f or th e memory of h is wif e, f oun ded an annu a l gold medal of th e valu e of £1 0 , to

b e ca lled the Isa bella Gregory Medal , f or th e enc ourage ment of Lati n compo siti on
”
in prose Some of the lan gu age Of the trus t deed is interesting, as being largely
.
-

”
bas ed on M r Peel s letter to Dr B utler, 1 8 th July 1 8 25
.
’ 1
Th e ch oi ce, it
. .

says, Of su ccess i ve topi cs f or th e abo ve m en ti oned La ti n c o m os i ti on in prose

p
-

shall b e l ef t to th e so l e di s creti on of th e hea dmas ter , whether h e sha ll p ref er

a stri c tly c las s i ca l i n quiry , an h i stori ca l d i sq u i s i ti on , a s peech f ro m som e ill us tr i ous

c haracte r un der k no wn ci rc u ms tances of h is hi story , a m oral essay, s uch di scoveries

in mod ern sc ience as ca n b e di sc ussed in pu re Latin i ty,or whatever el se may appear

”
to him more eligible .

Th e first Gregory Exhibi ti on, or Sc holars hip , was won in 1 8 40 by M r H enry .

Mu sgrave Wilkins, af terwards Fell ow of Merton Co llege, Oxf ord Th e first .

Gregory Medal was won in 1 8 46 by H enr y N u tcomb e Oxenha m, son of the R ev .

William Oxenha m, lower mas ter I n th e same year M r H Oxenh am Obtained a . . .

Balli ol Scholarsh ip at Oxf ord .

M r R Gregory f u rther beq ueath ed to th e Governors his copy of Val py s De lph in

’
. .

Cl ass ies , very hands om ely boun d , wi th var iomm notes , c ons i sti ng of 1 41 vol umes,
ca ll ed th e R e ent s Edi ti on, wi th a di recti on that it S houl d b e pl aced in th e sch oo l
’

g
librar
Dift ing th e headmas tership of Dr Vaughan ,1 8 44 59 ,many benef ac ti ons of grea t .
-

importance were ad ded A new house was bu ilt f or the headmas ter at a cost
.

of £40 00 , to whi c h M r Th om as Went worth Bea u m ont, M P f or N orth u mber l and ,

. . .

contr ibu ted £1 000 H is three sons were m embers of th e sch ool as hom e boarders ,
.

un der th e spec i al care of a tu tor, M r Botch er b y . .

Dr Vaughan himsel f , in 1 8 45 , i ns ti tu ted two annual prizes f or an Engli sh essay

.

and an Engl is h p oem , and thi s t im e th e attempt to encourage English poetry did

not, as in 1 8 20 , prove a f a ilure On the contrary, the poem of R obert Al vey.

Vida p 1 3 8 1
. .
1 44 H AR R OW SCHOOL
at hletics in vari ous d epartments , inc l uding s wimming These pri zes af ter 18 69 .

beca me known as th e Fortescu e Pri zes, the donor havi ng su cceeded his f ather as
Earl Fortescu e Five sons Of Lord Fortescue were edu cated at Harrow The
. .

e ldes t, Vi sc ou n t Eb ri ngton , won th e Lyon S ch olarship in 1 8 7 2 .

In 1 8 52 M r Beri ah B otfiel d,
. wel l known as a collector of boo ks , and an
acti ve m ember of th e R oxbu rghe Soc i ety , f ou nded an annu al gold m eda l , ou t of

regar d to wards th e s choo l at Harrow,and f or th e prom oti on of th e stu dy of m odern

languages and literature Here again, as in th e case Of the Gregory Meda l, the
.

la nguage of the Deed sho ws caref ul thou ght on the part of the f ou nder Th e .

”
ch o ice of language, h e pres cribes , whether French, German, Ita lian, or other
modern l anguage other than English sh all b e lef t to th e sole di scre ti on of th e

head mas ter . B u t, th e Obj ect of th e f ounder of th e meda l being to encourage

general proficiency in modern languages, th e course of examination sha ll al ways
inc l u de a trans la ti on f rom some English cl as s i c author into th e selected f oreign
langu age, and a trans lation f rom some clas sic writer of th at language into Engli sh,
a nd gra mmati ca l , phi l ologi cal , an d genera l q u est i ons rela ti ng to th e langu age and

s u bj ec t matter o f th e work ,or work s, s pec i a lly se l ected f or stu dy ; an d, if th e head

-

mas te r shall think it des i rable,an original essay on a historical, poli tical , or moral
”
s u bj ec t. To thi s m edal M r Botfield ad ded by bequ est , in 1 8 63 , a scholars hip Of
.

”
£60 a year f or three years H is best k nown li terary work , as I gather f rom th e
.

. . .
“
Re v B H Dr ury , is the co llect i on of the pref aces of the Ed itiones Pr i nc ipes of
”
th e c lass i cs
.

During the long peri od of Dr H Monta gu Butler s headmas tership, f rom

. .
’

—
January 1 8 60 to A ugus t 1 8 8 5, benef acti ons of al l kinds in land, in bu ildings,
—
in sc ho larships, in pri zes fl o wed in f reely and almost wi thou t i nterrupti on In .

”
1 8 61 ca me th e Vaugh an Lib ra ry, in memory of th e di stingu i shed and beloved
head m as ter .I t was erected on a si te which bel onged in part to th e Governors, in
part, on th e side next to th e chapel , to M r Clutterbu ck, the own er of the Crown
.

and A nchor p u bli c house -

I n order to sec ure thi s nor thern part of the s ite, it was
.

necessary to b u y ou t M r Cl utterb uck , by gi vin g him another p u blic house at th e

.
-

top of th e hill going do wn to th e cricket grou nd -

N ot til l then was it poss ible to
.

p ull down th e Crown and An chor sta bles wh ich adj oined the chapel This .

preliminary Operation invol ved an expendi ture of nearly £3 500 Oth er smal l houses, .

whi ch f ronted th e street near th e head mas ter s house,were al so c leared a way,and on
’

Speech day, 4th Ju ly 18 61 , the first stone of th e Vaughan Library was laid by
-

Viscou nt Pa lmerston, K G , then Pri me Mi ni ster

. . .

The l ong expected f uncti on too k place u nder torrents of ra in,whi ch the veteran
-

”
sta tes man , trowel in hand, descri bed ga ily as f ertili si ng showers , to whi ch h e was
pleas ed to compare th e educati onal i nfluences of the Harrow masters Af t er the .

cerem ony , dec lin i ng to ta ke any ref re shm en t, h e rode b a c k through th e ra i n to

London, and appeared a f ew hours af t erwards in th e Hou se of Commons H e was .

th en nearly seventy seven years of age Th e Vaugha n Library was Opened on

.

Speech day, 2n d Ju ly 1 8 63
-
.

This beau tif u l bu ilding, des igned, like the chapel , by M r Gilbert Scott,R A , . . .

cost in al l about to which M r W H Stone, Fell ow Of Tri ni ty Coll ege,

. . .
 H AR R OW BENEFACTOR S AN D BENEFA CTION S 1 45

Cambri dge, and af terwards 9 Go vernor of th e school , contribute d £1 000 This

. .

munificent gif t, coming at a cri ti ca l m oment when th e nature of th e memori al to

Dr Vaughan was a littl e u ncer tain, materially helped towards th e dec is i on in
.

f avour of a librar y .

A bout 1 8 50 a sum of £600 had been raise d by su bscription in memory of th e

great S ir R obert Peel , who di ed on 2nd Jul y that year The interest f rom this .

f un d was devoted to th e purchas e of boo ks bearing mai nly on oratory, hi story,

politica l memoi rs, po litical economy, and art In 1 8 65 the new Vaughan Library
.

was f or th e first time largely au gmented by books p urch as ed by th e Peel Mem ori a l
”
Fu nd I n the sa me year S ir Gardner Wilki nson,
. presented to th e school
a very val ua bl e co ll ect i on Of E ypti an , Greek, and R o m an antiqu i ti es ; to whi ch ,
g
in th e year 1 8 7 3 ,h e added a collect ion of co ins and m eda l s H e has been kn own .

to say m ore th an once tha t b e dated his in tere st in art and arche ol ogy f rom
rem ar ks th at f el l f rom Dr Geo r e Butl er in sc hool hours at Harrow
g . .

Th e nex t work ta ken in han d was a Sanatori u m f or th e reception of boys in

s i ckn ess , es pecia lly in cas es of i nf ecti ous s i ckn es s During th e Lent te rm Of 1 8 61 ,
.

in conseq uence of an epidemi c of scar l ati na, in whi ch one of the boys had di ed, the
schoo l broke u ,h urr i edly and alm ost in a pa ni c ,a f ortn ight bef ore th e re ul ar time
p g .

In order to guard aga i nst su ch panics in f uture, and to d o a ll that was poss ible
f or th e hea lth of the boys, th e Sana tori u m was begun in 1 8 62 Th e expense, more .

than £5000 , was def rayed by l arge volun ta ry su bscripti ons f rom m as ter s and ol d
Harrovians, as well as by a capitati on ta x paid volunta rily by th e parents of the
boys Th e architect was M r C F Hayward
. . . . .

I n 1 8 66 it was reso l ved to p ur chas e a new cri cket gro un d near th e pond at -

R oxeth Thi s ground had been rented and u sed by th e school f or something
.

less than twenty yea rs I t was now necessary either to b uy it, or to let it pass
.

f or ever into other b ands f or bu ildi ng pu rposes Th e pri ce as ked f or some seven
.

acres was £5000 . Towards this su m nearly £3 0 0 0 was contributed by the head
maste r, twelve of th e ass istant masters , and an accu mul ati on of schoo l f un ds j ust
-

then avail abl e .A su m Of £40 00 , f ur ther, was su bscr ibed by ol d f ri ends of the
school , very lar ely thr ough th e ener of th e H on R o bert Gr ims ton S o m th i ng
g gy . e .

l ike £200 0 went to th e legal expenses and toward s f encing, l evelli ng, and genera lly
prepari ng th e ground f or cricket purposes .

Shortly bef ore 1 8 7 1 , th e three hundredth year f rom the date of the Char ter
-

gi ven by Queen Eliza beth to John Lyon, there was much private consu ltati on as to
th e best way of co mmemorati ng so m arked an occas i on in th e hi story of th e sc h ool .

At las t it was determined to raise, if poss ible, by su bscri ption, a su m of not less
than an d to b u ild wi th it first a lar e n ew Speech r oo m , and then, if
g
-

th e m oney subscribed was su f ficient, room s f or th e tea chi ng of Natural Sci ence and
a Gymnas i u m . A l l these wor ks w ere carri ed ou t .

Th e Lyon Mem oria l Fun d , i nclu di ng large gif ts f ro m th e mas ters , as well as
f rom ol d H arrovians and f ri ends o f the school , amounte d in 1 8 8 5 to u pward s of
M r W Burges was sel ected as th e archi tec t f or th e Speech room,m a i n ly
. .
-

on th e rec o m mend ati on of M r Ber es f ord H ope . Th e first s tone was la id by th e

-
.

first Du k e of A bercorn, th e Seni or Go vernor, on Speech day, 2 nd J u ly 1 8 7 4 , and -

1 46 H ARR OW SCHOOL
th e new building was opened j u st three years af ter on Speech day, 5th Jul y 1 8 77 -
.

Th e s i te was pu rchas e d f or £3 000 f r o m M rs R ussell Gurney , wi f e of th e Record er

.

Of London, a nd nea r ly £4000 had to b e expend ed on ma ki ng s u re th e f oun da ti ons

bef ore a si ngle bri ck a ppeared above the su rf ace A n organ , costing some £1 60 0 ,
.

was placed in th e eas ter n part o f th e bu ilding,whi ch h ad been s pec i ally des igned f or
that pur pose . For th e p urchase of thi s fine i nstru ment 9 s peci a l f u nd was f orm ed
. .

Th e Sc i ence School s and I a b oratories w ere opened in 1 8 7 4 They cost about .

£6000 . Th e cost of the Gym nas i u m was a bou t £40 00 I t was o pened in 1 8 7 3
. .

Th e arc hi tect of both these bu ildings was M r C F H ay war d . . The ga rden belo w
. .

th e cha pel terrace was th e firs t p u rchas e m ade f rom the Lyon Memori a l Fund It .

was bought f rom th e f amily of Dr George B utl er . I t may be well to add here
.

that th e l arge b uilding to th e eas t of th e sc ience sc h oo ls , cons i sti ng of sc hool r ooms

below and a Museu m a bove, was erected not, like al l other bu ildings previous ly,
by s u bscri ption, b u t by sc hool f un ds admi nistered by th e Governors I t cost .

and was o pened o n S eec h d a , 1 st J u ly 1 8 8 6 T h e archi tect was M r

p y
-
. .

Bas il Cha mpneys .

I n 1 8 8 3 a new Pavilion was erec ted on th e ol d sc hoo l cri ck et grou nd I t was -

.

th e gi f t of so me f ormer sc ho lars and other f ri ends of th e sc hool I n 1 8 8 4 a large.

a ddi ti on was mad e to th e cri c k et gro un d on th e f arther s ide o f th e Ro xeth road

-
.

Th e cos t was def rayed by many f ri end s, as a mar k of res pec t a nd regar d to th e
memory of th e H on Ro bert Grimston , a youn ger broth er of th e f ou rth Ea rl of
.

Ver ul a m wh o f or many years was Chairman of th e Govern ors A ny remar k on th e .

persona l ity of M r Gri mston and Lord Bes sborough is, in thi s generation, s uper
.

fl u ous and alm ost imperti nent Shou ld these f ew lines be read by H arrovians
.

thi rty or fif ty y ears hen ce, l et them ser ve to confirm th e tradi ti on, whic h will
dou btless by that time have gathered f orm and co lour, that f or ha l f a century
these two f rien ds held q uite a u niqu e place in th e af f ec ti ons of Harrow men, both
young and ol d, as almost daily vi si tors in th e su mmer, as pro m oters of every im
portant H arrow enterprise, and as devoted advisers in al l that concerned the
f avouri te game of cri cket .

Mean while nu merou s scholarships and pri zes h ad been f ou nded I n 1 8 66 M r . .

and M rs Charl es Ja mes Leaf ca m e to res id e at H arrow f or th e edu ca ti on of the ir

.

two sons , Wal ter and H erbert .Thei r presence, at th e sa me time as that of Lord
Charles R ussell and M r Ma tthew Arnold, added grea tly to th e i nteres t of Harrow
.

soc iety. M r Lea f , bes ides gi vi ng £1 00 in 1 8 66 to th e n ew cri c k et grou nd, was

.
-

a m ong th e firs t to s u bs cribe to our grea t Tercen ten ary ef f ort in 1 8 7 1 , by paying

down £1 000 I n 1 8 7 0 h e h ad f ou nded a sc holarship, wi thout any restric ti ons, of

.

£7 0 f or three years , ou t of th e rega rd and attachment which h e and his wi f e,

Isabella Ellen Leaf , have f or the school of Harrow ; and in co mm emoration of the
su cc essf ul ca reer o f thei r son , Wa l ter Leaf , at th e sa id sch oo l, an d f ro m a d es ire to
”
a d vance s ou nd l ea rni ng and ed u ca ti on I n the exa mi nati on f o r th i s sc holars hip
.

th e f ounder did not care tha t G reek vers e or Lati n verse c ompo si ti on should c oun t .

He did not insis t on th e omi ss i on of thes e su bj ec ts as a condi ti on, b u t if ever it

s houl d b e thou gh t expedi ent to o mi t them f rom th e ex ami na tion , th e des i re Of th e

f oun der would b e f u l filled ra ther than con tra vened .

1 48 HA RR OW SCHOOL
to th e member of the cricket Eleven wh o f or general good conduct and school
work , i nc l udi ng tri als, was cons idered to b e th e m ost d eserving This prize was .

much val ued by th e members of th e Eleven , largely because of their love f or th e

man .

W e pass now f ro m scholarships to pri zes From 1 8 61 to 1 8 8 4 Wa lter Beau mont, .

E sq , m oved by af f ecti on towards th e la te head mas ter, Dr Vaughan , ga ve

. .

yearly thir ty gui neas , to b e laid ou t in prizes f or knowledge of the Holy

Scriptures These pri zes were so d istributed as to cover a ll th e th ree mai n divisions
.

of th e sc hoo l M r Bea u mont was th e sec ond so n of M r Thomas Wentwor th

. . .

Bea u mont, M P f or Northu mberland . . .

I n 1 8 63 Joseph Jones , E sq , f o un d ed a pri ze of a go ld m eda l f or Lati n Elegi ac

.

verse in m emo ry of his so n, J ose ph Jo nes , wh o was head of th e sc hoo l f or one

week H e was an able an d energetic b oy,f ull o f i ntellec tual a mbi ti on,a nd eager to
.

do his d uty as hea d in su c cessi o n to th e two brothers R idl ey , wh o h ad bee n in

1

”
th e sa me house, Th e Pa rk , 1 8 61 a nd 1 8 62 H e h ad spe nt part of th e s ummer .

ho lidays of 1 8 62 in spec ial reading f or th e Ba llio l Schol arship A f ew days bef ore .

th e c l ose of th e h olid ay s h e h ad f elt u nwell , b u t i ns i sted on retu rni ng to his pos t

on th e proper d a H e read th e l esson in cha pel a t th e m o rni ng servi ce on th e
y .

Thursday af ter the reas s embli ng of th e school ,then took to his b ed ,and died early on
th e f o llo wi ng Thu rsday , 2 5th Sep te mber ,of a compla i nt whi c h h ad been rec ogn i s ed
in h is childhood S i x teen y ea rs bef ore , b u t was s upp osed to have been long S ince
cured H is parents h ad n o other child
. They were broken hearted by th e ca lami ty, .
-

”
an d th e f oun di ng of th e Jones Meda l was a re su l t The i ns cription tell s th e sad .

s tory

H oc PRA E M I O

O
J SE PH I J ON E S
N OM E N E T E XE M PLUM
H A R R OV I E N S I BUS COM M E N DA T

N ON SI NE L A CR I M I S

PA TE R S U PE RS TE S .

A t th e en Wi l liam Oxenh a m, lower mas ter, f ou nded by

d of 1 8 63 th e Re v .

bequ est,j ust bef ore h is death, two ann ual prizes of £3 each, f or Greek and Latin
Epigra ms H e wou ld have pref erred Latin Elegi ac s, wi th whi ch branch of com
.

posi tion his name h ad l ong been connected, b u t th e grou nd ha d j u st been pre
oc cu pi ed by M r J ones To M r Oxenh a m s beq u est th e su m of £1 00 was a dded,
’
. . .

in 1 8 96, by th e will of his son, M r Ed ward Lavi ngt on Oxenh am Th e spi re o f

. .

th e cha pel , erected by su bscri pti on in 1 8 65 , was a m onu men t to M r Oxenh a m, a .

man sin gu larly beloved by his genera ti on .

I n 1 8 66 John Ed ward Bour ch ier beq uea thed to th e schoo l £1 00 0 , to b e laid

o ut in f ou r pri zes f or th e enco u ragement of th e s tu dy of m odern hi s tory and
E nglish li terature H is care er at Harrow ha d been pecu liar and pathetic H e
. .

1 h
Rig t H on S ir . M ttha Wh ite R idley,M P Sec retary of S tate f or th e H ome Department,
ew . .

18 97 . H on M r . . J u st ice ( Ed wa r d ) R idl ey , tran s l at or of L u cen s P ha rs al ia in to

’
Engl is h bl ank
verse .
 H AR R OW BENEFA CTOR S AN D BENEFA CTIONS 1 49

lived f or some years as a home -

boar der with his m other, Lady Bourch ier, th e
widow of a nava l Of ficer of distinc tion, daughter of S ir Edward C odrington, of
Navari no, whose Lif e she wrote, and sister of General Sir William Codrington,
Comman der in Chi ef at th e c lose of th e Crimea n war, and of A dmiral S ir Henry
- -

Codrington, wh o f ought as a midshipman on board h is f ather s ship at Navarino, ’

at th e a e of s ixteen , and was severe ly woun ded L ad y Bo ur chier h ad in heri ted to

g .

th e f ull th e cou rage and h igh spi rit of h er ra ce Johnny was h er only child,
.

and h er l if e was bou n d u in him H e was a b o of th e purest charac ter, m ost

p .
y
con sc i enti ous and d u ti f ul , a f a i r cl ass i cal schola r, and of cu l ti vated tas te
s He .

h ad no s pec ia l i nteres t in ga mes , and his hea lth was so mewhat deli cate Af ter .

much deliberati on, it was dec ided that he shou ld enter the headmaster s house in ’

1 8 62, an d become its head af ter th e su mmer h olidays This post, su f fici ently
.

ard u ous in i tse lf f or a rec ent home board er, was m ade i n comparably m ore exac t
-

ing by th e immedia te death of Joseph Jones .Young Bourchier beca me, in con
se u ence, hea d of th e sc hoo l as well as h ea d of th e headmas ter s house, an d a har d
’

q
tim e h e h ad of it This burt hen h e bore wi th much courage f or a whole year,
.

wh en h e went to Tri nity C ollege ,Camb ridge . Soon af ter this,h e showed symptoms
of consu mp ti on . A vi sit to Madeira was tri ed , b u t proved vai n H e died a t .

Bournemou th af ter mu ch suf f eri ng, to th e i nexpress ible grief of his mother ; b ut
bef ore h e died,h e bequ eathed to the school , af ter much caref u l thought, th e su m
of £1 000 f or th e enc ou ra em ent of th e stu di es whi ch h ad soothed and delighted
g
him duri ng many months of pain a nd languor A portrai t of him was pl aced
.

by h is mother in the Vaughan Library, together with a short hi story of h is

benef acti on Bo th mother and son are commemorated by tablets in th e chapel
. .

I n 1 8 7 8 th e sa me Lady Bo urch ier f ou nded f our pri zes f or th e encouragem ent of

good reading in English in th e var io us depar tments of th e school S h e was par .

ticul arl y des i rous tha t boys shou ld b e ear ly ac cu sto med to r ea d th e Bible wi th
cl earness, i ntelli ence, reverence, and s impli c i ty F or se vera l years sh e a l way s
g .

a ttended th e co mpeti ti ve reading in th e Speech room , comi ng over f or that pu rpos e

-

f rom Ha mpton Cou r t, where th e Qu een h ad granted h er a suite of room s in recog

n i ti o n o f th e services o f h er f a ther a nd brothers .

I n 1 8 69 Lord Char les Ja mes Fox R ussell , Serj eant at A rm s of th e H ouse of - -

C ommons,and brother of Earl R ussell, th e Pri me Minister, f ounded a gold medal

f or th e encouragemen t of the stu dy of Sha kespeare Th e m otto ,part ly a q uotati on
.

f rom Fra ncis Bac on,was chosen by himsel f : Charles J Fox R ussell to the Boys of
.

Harro w School, that Shakespeare may be to them f or Delight, Orna ment, and
A bility . On th e o ther side of th e m eda l was th e head o f th e poet, copi ed f rom
th e Chand os p ortra i t, a nd su rrou n ded by th e words of H aml et, H ow n obl e in
”
R eas on H ow i nfini te in Facu lty !
Lord Charles, wi th h is wi f e and daughter, lived f or several yea rs at Harrow f or
th e ed u ca ti on o f h is son, M r Ge orge W E R u ss ell , wh o h as si nce atta i ned d is
. . .

ti ncti on in Par lia ment and in li teratu re, and held th e of f ices of Under Secreta ry of
Sta te f or India and f or the Home Depar tment in M r Gladstone s las t Admin istra .
’

ti on. Lord Charles was m uch loved at Harrow, and used of ten to ta ke U p mas ters
of th e s ch ool and o ther f ri ends to wi tness th e d ebates of th e H ouse of C o mm ons .
1 50 HA R R OW SCHOOL
As Serj ea nt at A rms h e h ad severa l seats in the Spea ker s Gallery at his dis posa l
- -
’
.

It was as a n occu pant o f one of these tha t I hea rd M r Gl adston e s wonderf u l speec h
’
.

o f m ore th an three h ours , i ntrod u c i ng th e Bill f or th e Di ses ta bli sh ment of th e I ri s h

Ch urch Lo rd Charles was a warm f riend of Lo rd Bessb orou gh , was , like h im,
.

devoted to cri cket, and was consta ntly seen on the school cr ic ket grou nd -
.

I n 18 7 3 M r Cy ril Fl o wer, M P , af t er wards Lord Battersea and O vers trand ,

. . .

f ou n ded two p ri zes f or th e bes t tra ns lati on into French an d German res pec ti vely .

I n 1 8 7 6 E mily A n ne,dau ghter of A dm iral B eau f ort ,and Vi sc ou ntess Strangf ord ,
f ou nd ed ,in memory of h er la te h us ba nd ,Percy Smy the,eighth Vi sco u n t Stran gf ord ,
three pri zes f or th e encou ragement of th e stu dy of Geography Lo rd Strangf ord .

won th e Gregory sc h olars hip in 1 8 43 , tau ght hi msel f Hebre w a nd A ra bi c while a

b oy at H a rro w, and beca me highly di s ti ngu i shed as S tu dent A ttache at Con
’

s tantin o l e, an d as a n ex trao rdina ry li ngu i st in th e dia l ec ts o f th e Levant T h

p e .

Deed of Gi f t describes h im as a scholar at Harrow Schoo l in 1 8 4 1 ,1 8 42 ,1 8 43 ,and

throughou t h is li f e an ear nes t stu d ent of poli ti cal and physi ca l geo graphy In .

th e beli ef held by Vi sc ou nt S tra ngf ord tha t thi s stu dy o f geo graph y is th e i ndi s
pensable co mpanion to th e stu dy of philo logy, and that in th e combi nati on of these
two sc iences is to b e f ou nd th e true key to th e hi story of th e a nc i ent wor ld
thes e p ri zes are f ounded , to co mm emora te a nd f or th e enc ourage m ent of
”
others to f o llo w h is ex a mple Th e Sel ec ted Wri ti ngs of Lo rd S tra ngf ord , edi ted
.

by th e Viscoun tess S tra ngf ord, are an importa nt con tribu ti on to th e stu dy of th e
”
Eas tern Qu estion .

I n 1 8 7 7 M r Ge orge Edwa rd B ri sc oe Ey re f ou nded two p ri zes f or th e enco urage

.

ment of Music, th e stu dy of which h ad lately made mu ch advance under M r John .

Farmer M r Eyre, a partner in the firm of Eyre a nd Sp ottiswoode, was a b oy at

. .

Th e Gro ve boa rdi ng h ous e in Dr Vau ghan s ti me

’
-
. .

I n 1 8 7 9 M r Ed wa rd H enry Pember, Q C , f oun ded th ree annu a l pri zes f or th e

. . .

enc ou ragemen t of Greek an d La ti n gram ma r a nd c l as si ca l phil ol ogy , o r , in th e

ex act wor ds o f th e Deed o f Gi f t , f or promot ing th e kn o wledge of th e struct u re of

th e G reek an d Lati n la nguages , and of th e rel ati on o f those l angu ages to other
”
langu ages, ancient and modern , by s tu dents at Harrow School .

M r Pember was a b oy at Harro w in th e early part o f Dr Va u ghan s mas tership,

’
. .

and af ter wa rds obta i ned a Fi rs t Cl as s at Chri st Ch u rc h in Literis H u ma n io rib u s ,1 8 54

-
.

H e s u bse qu ently rose to th e very highest di sti nc ti on at th e Pa rli a m entary B ar, b u t

conti nu ed , d ur i ng one of th e b u s i es t o f p rof es si ona l li ves , to reta i n an d ex hibi t a

rare mas tery of c l ass i ca l li te ra tu re , b o th as a s kill ed tra ns l ator a n d as an origi na l

poet H is two sons played an importa nt part at Harrow towards th e close of Dr

. .

Bu tler s headmas tership Th e elder, Franc is W Pember, was hea d of th e school in

’
. .

1 8 8 0 , and pas sed a mos t brilli a nt career both a t H arro w and at O x f ord , where h e
was Ba lli o l , I relan d , an d Eldon scho lar H is brother, H o war d E Pember, af ter
. .

s h owi ng mu ch p r omi se a t Oxf ord ,di ed earl y in his twenty si xth y ear,2 9 th N ovember -

18 9 1 .

In Honourable I on Grant Neville Keith Falconer i nsti tuted , in m em ory

1 8 8 5 th e -

of h is f a th er , Fra nc i s A lexander Kei th Fa l coner,eigh th E ar l of Kin tore,f ou r annu a l

-

prizes f or the study of the H oly Scriptures Af ter his l a mented d ea th at A den in
.
1 52 H ARR OW SCHOOL
whi ch was bu ilt by Governors f rom f unds at their disposa l Stil l less does it
th e .

i nclude th e cost of books, pictures, busts, works of art, coins , and other presents ,
wh i ch mus t a m oun t, in money val ue, to man y thousan ds m ore W e may say,.

without boas ting, that th is is a remarkable record It is d ue to more than one

.

cause . Th e grea tn ess of our needs in every directi on, th e bel ief tha t we had no
en dowm en t, th e wea l th o f our m embers as a whol e, and l atterly, no d ou bt, th e

lli g
f orc e o f a te n an d cont nu o i us exa mpl e,
— a ll thi s h e lped to bri n g a bo u t a tr a di
ti on and a habi t of gi vi ng on a large sca l e in ans wer to repea ted a ppeal s B ut .

all these causes wou ld h ave been wi th ou t ef f ect had n ot th e Sch oo l i ns pi red , year

afier year , an eager and r om anti c af f ect i on — an a f f ect ion extendi ng n ot onl y to

th e boys them se lves , b u t, as I gratef u lly re c oll ec t, to the ir parents al so A m ong.

th e Benef actors of Harro w, paren ts o f Harro w boys, together wi th th e ass is tant

mas ters, have played a conspicu ous and sometimes a pathetic part .

S uch has been the ex peri ence of the las t eighty years , S i nce a Headmas te r
ventured to exp ress h is ea ger d es i re f o r u n li mi ted pro ress : S i ua ntu m ca ar em,
g q p
os s am uo uc f f re sh wants revea l them se l ves in the comi ng century , I ca n not

“
p g g I .

doubt that f res h 3 9 11 9 13 0 10 1 3 W1 ar ise ”18 0 °

H M ON TA G U B UTLE R
. .

TH E S C H OOL E S TA TE IN H ARR OW
TH E m ost obvi ous of gif ts f rom a loyal donor to his ol d sc hool is a prize, or a
bu ildi ng As th e growi ng nu mbers of Harrow School ca l led f or th e one, or th e
.

n ewer stu di es of a wid er ed u ca tion f or th e other, th ere h as n ever been a l ac k of

res p on se B ut d uri ng th e l as t twenty y ears a new di f f icu l ty c onf ronted th e sc hool

.

whi ch did n ot so na tu rally , or at l eas t so striki ngly , appeal to th e gen eros i ty of old
Harr ovians Th e proxi mity of Harrow to London h as threa tened th e Hill wi th
.

en c roachm ent ,a nd a u gm ented th e va l ue of th e lan d surroun di ng th e school Th e .

danger, l ong vi sible to men l ik e Lo rd Bess b orough , beca me ac ute when, in 1 8 8 4,

th e l ease of th e Par k ran ou t, and th e terms of f ered f or renewa l sho wed c lear ly that
th e mar ket va l u e of th e land f or bu ilding wou ld ra ise th e rent f ar beyon d wha t a
hou se mas ter cou ld af f ord to pay Th e proper ty h ad been bought f or £8 000 in
-
.

1 8 30 ; when th e lease was renewed in 1 8 63 ,ha lf th e l and was separa ted and sol d
f or bu ildi ng, th e rent sta ndi ng a t th e sa me a m ou nt N o w th e sa me process
.

see med lik ely to b e repea ted , an d it was tim e to i nterf ere Th e G overnors h ad n o
.

f u nd s f ro m wh i ch to purchas e,an d th ey have a l ways been u na bl e to rai se m oney by

mortgagi ng their sca nty land s elsewhere Th e s u m needed was too large f or s uch
.

donations and subscripti ons as cou ld be raised in the shor t available ti me Th e .

dif ficu l ty was met by th e f ormati on, by ol d members of th e house and masters
an d f ri ends of th e school , of th e Ha rro w Par k E sta te Tr us t, to p urc has e th e
property and keep it unspoiled Th e i nterest on the su bscr ipti ons was limited to
.

4 per cent,and a right was gi ven to th e Go vern ors o f th e sc hoo l to p u rchase on f air
terms at any time Th e purchase cost
. a nd th e d ec i s i o n to f or m th e Trust

was on e of th e las t taken by Dr B u tler, though th e responsibility f or its su ccess ,

.

th e act u al p u rchase of th e pro per ty , and th e dra f ti ng of th e arti c les of th e tr ust

 THE SCHOOL ESTA TE IN H AR R OW 1 53

deed f ell to h is successor By thi s mea ns, th e mai n f eatu res of th e ol d Park
.

property were seeme d f or ever Th e Trust su bsequently ac qu ired Druries , whi ch

.
”

it cons iderably en larged and imp roved , and th e hous e now occu pied by th e schoo l
C ustos I ts ca pi ta l now amoun ts to u p wards of
.

Th e rescu e o f th e Park was f o ll owed c l osely by th e p urch as e of the F ootba ll

field as th e B utler Me mori al , whi ch probably took that f orm lar el y owi ng to th e
g

V I
EW F ROM TH E PAR K .

a pprehensi ons arouse d by th e financi al di f ficu l ty o f th e Par k purchase The .

49 acres were finally bought in 1 8 9 1 f or M r T C Baring s generous ’

. . .

donation of havi ng secu red 20 acres of it as early as 1 8 8 6 Th e land,

.

”
when pur chased ,was conveyed to Th e H arro w Schoo l Footba ll fiel d Trust, which -

was crea ted f or th e pu rpose

. Th e groun d being n o w sc hoo l p roperty ,it was poss ible
to devote so me m oney to its perma nent improvement,an d a large s u m was expended ,
in 1 8 9 3 , in drai ni ng and plan ting , to th e grea t benefit of th e playing fiel ds -
Bu t .

as n o dra i nage can mak e it possible to m a i nta i n a good s ward f ro m y ea r to y ear on

1 54 H AR R O W SCHOOL
th e Harro w clay, where grou nds are used daily f or f ootball , th e adj oi ni ng fields,
n o w k no wn as th e R eser ve fields , were l eased in 1 8 96 f or a peri od of f ou r teen

When these su ccess f u l ef f orts h ad been made, and the Park and Footbal l field
bought, it beca me evident that ou r pos ition was still insec ure on the s ide on which
Harro w is a pproached f rom th e rail way sta tion The lan d lying to th e lef t of th e
.

Peterboro ugh H ill , and to the right of th e Gro ve Hill, as th e vi si tor c lim bs it, was
s till ex osed to i nvas i o n N o sooner was th e da nger rec ogni sed tha n it was met
p . .

I n 1 8 9 5 th e headmas ter, by a bo ld a nd su ccessf u l appeal , rai sed and

pur chas ed th e lan d marked on th e map as th e Northwi c k Walk Fields and th e

Bu tler Field Th e cos t was more than
. b ut th e m ortgage debt will , it is
hoped , b e paid of f within a reas onable time I n 1 8 9 7 th e fields belo w th e Grove,
.

i nc ludi ng th e green s lope abo ve which th e Grove trees and th e chu rch spire combine
to f orm probably th e m ost f amili ar , an d certai n ly th e m os t p ictu resq u e, of th e
a pproac hes to th e Hill , ca me i n to th e mar ket They have now been purchas ed,
.

and are held f o r th e p res ent by a s ma ll syn di ca te of whic h th e hea dm as ter is a

member ; it may b e regarded as certain that they are saved f rom desecrati on, and
n o dou bt th ey will eventua lly b e added to th e sch o ol p ro erty
p .

On th e other side of th e Hill , a t an earli er date than th e las t two pu rc hases ,

th e generos i ty of an old H arrovi an , than who m none h as th e i ntere st of H arrow
c ri c k et m ore a t hea rt, sec u red th e Sixth For m gr oun d f r o m th e ri s k o f bei ng over

l oo ked at its n or thern end by a conti nuati on of th e West Street hous es . He

bo ught u p th e ol d Bre wery premi ses, kno wn to H arrovi ans of an ea rlier da te as th e
”
H aunted House, and by c lear ing a way trees and bu ildings h as provided f or the
school a new a nd exc ell ent cri c ket grou nd
-
A par t f rom wha t h as been l evel l ed f or
.

cri c k et, th e u pper s l opes o f th e Ni ch o lso n Fi eld d ou bl e th e previ ous ex tent o f th e

ch u rch fields ; and th e va l ue of th e addi ti o n ma b e bes t a pprec i a ted by o ne l oo kin g

y
f ro m th e f oot of th e Philathl eti c Fi eld , whence th e eye can wander over games
intermi xed , and pl ayers seemi ngly inn u merable, f ro m one wide cricket groun d to -

a noth er, and th e nc e u n i n terru p tedly o ver green s l opes to th e c h ur c h on th e su mmi t .

N or mus t th e l as t ad di ti on to th e Philathleti c Fi eld i tsel f b e lef t u nre cord ed ;

th e two acres , where, in ad di ti on to th e ga mbol s of a ga m e in which dimi nu ti ve
ba ts men can enj oy th e pl eas u re of hi tting th e ba ll ou t of th e ground more of ten
th an they proba bly ever will e lse where, cri cket bill is cal led wi th spec i a l app ro
-

ria teness , were th e gener ous gi f t of M r B owen A p a rt f ro m th e ad di ti on to its

p . .

s ace, th e Phil athl eti c Fi eld h a s by thi s gi f t been enr i ched by a li ne of e lms
p
whi ch pl eas antly brea k th e p ra iri e lik e m onotony whi ch th e orth od ox cri c k eter
-

des ires .

This bri ef accou nt of th e extension of th e lands held by th e sc hoo l,or by f ri ends

of th e sc h oo l , ma ser e to s ho w what h as been d on e o f la te y ears Si n ce 1 8 8 5,
y
v
.

2 20 ac res ha ve been ad ded ,and th e cost h as been Th e figures will convey

a n idea of th e am ou n t tha t h as been ac q u i red , b u t, l arge as they are, they d o not

o ver re pre sent th e va l u e to th e sch oo l

-
. Th e Harrow of th e pas t , th e H arro w o f
o l d m em ori es, was a land o f mea d o ws a nd h ed erows O n whi chever s id e it was
g .

approached it presented a delightf u l vi e w o f green l es and red roof ed bu ildi n s ,

p g
-
1 56 H AR R OW SCHOOL
in th e coac hi ng days bef ore
l way cam e B u t wha tever ha ppens, th e school th e rai .

cannot now see th e f ate overta k e it whi c h h as overta ken m ore than one sch oo l near

London For this i nca l cu lable benefit we have to than k the many ol d Harrovi ans
.

and f ri ends to whom a ppea l s ha ve never been mad e in vai n, a nd wh ose ifis f orm
g
th e l as t and grea tes t of th e benef ac ti ons in th e h i story of th e sc hool .

C Cou mc x . .

E D ITO R S O TE
’
N

IN p u rs uan ce of ou r d es ign of not h i t y f th p

givin g t h dm t a hip, w h s or O e res en ea as ers e ave

n ot l d d i th p d i g
in c u e n e rece n ar ti l y d t
c e an il d t f B f ti nf
e a d i e1 8 8 5 ac co u n
, O en e ac ons co err e s n ce

exce p t th w h i hose c are con cern e d with th dditi t th l d h ld f th h l L t it

e a ons o e an e or e sc oo . es

sh ld b th ght f m th i
ou e ou ro s s il n th t th
e ce t m f B f ti
a h d , w bj in th
e s r ea o en e ac ons as c ease e su o e

f ll wing l i t f th m
o o s o t gif t e ore r ec en s

188 8 S m l H
. a y B ddi gt n, E q , f d d tw p i f N t l S i , i m m y
ue en r e n o s . ou n e o r zes or a u ra c enc e n e or

f hi G g St t B ddi gt f m ly m mb f th h l
o s son , eor e u ar e n on , or er a e er o e sc oo .

A f i n d f th r e h lg o ym ly th m f £1 00 0 t f d S h l hip f
e sc oo ave an on ou s e su o o ou n a c o a rs or

th Fif th F m e or .

1 89 1 J h M n m
. o n ,E q g ac t a th ara h l i sm m . y f ave h i , Ao t h M me sc , oo n e or o s s on r ur ac na a ra

f m ly h l , £8 00 , wh i h h b n p t in
or er sc o ar d with h i wi h , p
c as ee s en , ac cor ance s s u on

b ildi g w fi u tn ne ves- cou r s .

Th m K y T pli g, E q M P l f t £1000 t b p t p th imp m nt f th

o as ea a n s . . . e o e s en u on e r ove e O e

i k t f th cr c h l e O e sc oo .

1 8 9 3 N w p ili
. e w av t d onsth i k t fi ld , i
ere erec e m m y f tw m h l
on d
e cr c e e s n e or o o uc - ove

H i , t h R W
arr ov ansill i m L w d Cy il D igby B t , E q
e ev . a a an r u x on s .

M W tki rs . f d d , in m m y f h
a ns ou n e F d i k B w WV tki , f m ly e or O er s on , re er c o er a ns or er

h l , wh d i d t H w d ing h i h l lif , th F d W tki P i f

sc o ar o e a a rr o ur s sc oo e e re a ns r zes or

L ti P i th Fif th F m
a n r ose n e or .

1 8 9 4 Al. d A t ll H d w E q b q th d th m f £200 f th H w Mi i n,
exa n er s e a o , s . e u ea e e su O or e arr o ss o

d th m f £100 f
an the su g
o m t f t h i or k t e e n c ou ra e en O e cr c e .

1895 M . St n h p f
rs . dd E t a o e S h l
ou n h ip f £50 y i m m y f h l t
e an n ran c e c o a rs o a ear n e or o er a e

h b nd th R ight Hus a , bl Ed w d S t h p , M P
e on ou ra e ar an o e . .

A S h l f A t w c poo t do t t h
r h asl t t f
r ese n e £ 3 0 00 by l d H
o i e sc oo a a c os o an O arr ov an ,

H y Y t Th mp en r E q ; wh a es l o t bl i h d i
s on , th y 1 8 9 6 tw A
s . l o a so es a s e n e ea r o nn ua

P i f p fi i
r zes y i D orw i g ro c en c n ra n .

Th E l f B e b h
ar
g l f tO £ 200 tessb orou
p t p t h i m e p m t f th i k t o e s en u on e rove en o e cr c e .

1 89 6 C l l G g M C ll f d d S h l hip f th l f £40 y f p fi i y ‘
. o on e eor e a ou n e a c o a rs O e va u e O a ear or ro c enc

i M th m ti n Md L g ga e a cs , d N t lS i
o e rn an u a es , an a u ra c en c e.

R Ad mi l C l mb f
ear- dd ra A o ol Pi f ou n E gli h E y p
e an l nn ua r ze or a n n s ssa u on a nava

bj t su ec .

1 8 9 7 P nd l y M
. a g det , E q f d d
avr o or A a o l P i sf .th b t t
ou n n l ti n i nte an nn u a r ze or e es ra s a o o

G k I mb i V r ee a c ers e .
 C H A P T E R XV I

STA TE SM E N OF H ARR O W S C H OOL

J
OH N L ’
y on s —
drea m if so indeed h e —
dreamed of Harrow, as a trai n i ng groun d f or
-

public li f e and a nursery of states men, was long in achi eving rea lisati on The .

s l en der res ources of th e f ou ndati on, its l oca l c harac ter, dou bts as to its in ten ded

obj ects , th e a bsenc e of influenti a l patrona e, all tended to di sc ourage an

g y p ro

ra mme m ore a mbi ti ous than that of sati s f yi ng th e needs of a neighb o ur hood
g
whi ch th e religi ous changes o f th e ti me h ad lef t wi thou t mea ns of ed u ca ti on .

More than a century had passed a way bef ore th e Gra mmar School , to which in
1 57 2 Q ueen Elizabeth gran ted a Cha r ter, began to recogn ise its wider mi ss i o n as a
nat i onal insti tu ti on
.

A t th e o pening of th e eighteen th cent ury th e govem orship of John Brydges ,

once paymas t er of Qu een A nne s a rmy,af ter wards Du ke of Chan dos,gave a f orw ard
’

impu lse to th e school, by placing its financial ad ministration on a sounder f ooting .

H e bu ilt a fine mansion, Can ons , at S ta nm ore, f am ous f or Po pe s satire on its

’

ela borate ma gni ficen ce, an d , li vi ng there in qu asi rega l splendour, carr i ed th e f a me
-

of H arro w i nto a wider c ircl e than it had hith erto reached Eton at this time was
.

a i tated by an enthus ias m f or th e Cheva l i er S t G eorge I ts headm as te r, r ul er

g . .

of 400 boys, was a cha mpi on o f th e exiled H ouse : the loyal ty of th e sc hoo l
beca me suspect On the other han d, the devotion of th e Du ke of Chandos to th e
.

House of Hanover was conspicu ous, and the bri l l i ant circle whi ch gathered at
Canons learnt, no doubt, to regar d Harrow as a better place than Eton f or th e
incu lca tion of a wholes ome poli tica l cree d Th e Du ke h i mself set th e f as hion by
.

—
ma king his ward,Geo rge Brydges R odney,a Harrovian f or a short time, however,
f or Ro dney went a way to sea when h e was twel ve years old , li ttle drea min g that,
'

s ixt y years l ater , in a dar k hour of Bri ti sh hi story , h e wou ld, by his grea t vi c tor
y
in th e Wes t In di es over C oun t d e Grasse,cr us h th e fl eets of France an d Spa in ,a venge
th e share of th e French Governm ent in a betti ng our rebel co loni es , an d esta blish
Englan d,j us t then des pa iring of her des tiny, as mistre ss of th e seas .

In 1 7 46 th e head mas ters hip of Dr Thac keray, grea t gran df a ther of th e f amous
.
-

noveli s t and a war m Oppon ent of th e Ja cobi te ten denc ies then preva len t at E ton,

assured th e f or tu ne s of th e ri si ng sc ho ol Several of h is pu pils ac hieved celebri ty

.

Parr, a name f amous in th e wor ld of letters ; Sir William Jones , th e renowned

Orienta l i st, whom Dr Johnson pronounced th e m ost ac complis hed of the sons of
.
1 58 STATESME N OF H AR R OW SCHOOL
men Benne t, wh o beca me f amou s as th e learned Bishop of Cloyne These three .

prec oci ous lads, so runs th e legend , were wont to am use themse lves by di viding the
meadows round th e hill into ri va l S ta tes , and ma ki ng them the arena of imaginary
ca mpa ign s A f ter H arro w and Oxf ord S ir Willi am Jones beca me tu tor to an other
.

distingu is hed H arrovian,th e second Ear l Spencer H e su bsequ ently was a ppointed
.

a Ju dge Of th e S u p reme C o ur t of Benga l ; a nd by a l if etim e of res ea rc h threw O pen

th e mysteri es of B rah mi n i ca l li terature to th e scho l ars o f th e Wes t . H e f o un ded ,

an d was firs t Pre s iden t o f th e R oya l A s i a ti c S oc i ety .

Dr Su mner s hea d mas tership wi tnessed ano ther s tride f orward s Th e nu mbers
’
. .

of th e s choo l rose to 250 Parr, Jones, and Bennet re mained in th e school

. .

A nother Harro vi an of thi s peri od was M ee, matern a l gran df a ther of Lo rd

Pa lmerston, wh o, in th e archery contes t of 1 7 64, won th e sil ver arrow, now in
th e p ossess i on of M r E velyn A s hl ey a t Broadlands One of Dr Su mn er s n ota ble
’
. . .

pupils was R icha rd Warbu rton Lyt ton, wh o becam e, as testified by Dr Parr, one .

of th e m ost fin is hed schola rs of th e day . H is lif e of eru di te sec lus i on and his
eccentri c ha bi ts ga ve r ise to so m e domes ti c f r i c ti on . H is da u ghter Eli za beth m arried
General William Ea rle Bul wer, and was th e mother of Lord Da ll ing, and grand
mother of R obert, rst Earl of Ly tto ,Vi ceroy of Indi a in 1 8 7 6 two distinguis hed
fi n —
H arrovians .

Th e ro ll of H arrovi an states men begins wi th R ichar d Bri n sley Sheridan He .

was at H arro w in 1 7 62 Parr h ad by thi s ti me become one of the ass i stant

.

mas ters Dr Su m ner a nd Parr a like recogn i sed Sheridan s ca pac i ty, and entered
. .
’

in to a f r i endly conspi racy to f orce th e wayward geni us in to diligence Parr f ound .

h im, h e wr i tes , s l o ven ly in co nstru i ng, a nd u nusu ally def ec ti ve in Gree k gram mar .

”
Knowing him to b e a c lever f ellow, I did not f a il to probe an d tease him I t was .

a reed , acc or dingly , tha t R i ch ar d shou ld b e ca ll ed u

p of tener and wo rk ed m ore
g
severely , a n d su mm o ned to ta k e h is s tati on by th e mas ter s tabl e, where th e voi ce
’

of no pro mp ter cou ld reac h h im . In this def enc eless co ndi ti on h e was so
haras sed, tha t h e at las t gathered u p so me gra mmatica l rules and prepared himself
f or h is l esso ns Whil e this tormen ti ng process was infl icted, I now and then
.

u pbra ided him H is eye h is cou ntena n ce,h is general manner was striking
.
, We .

know th e esteem and admi ra ti on whi ch, somehow or oth er, all h is school f ell ows -

f elt f or him H e was mi sc hi evou s enough , b u t h is pran ks were ac compan i ed by a

.

”
so r t of vi vac i ty and cheerf u l nes s whi ch d eligh te d S u m ner an d my sel f .

Sheridan s sc hool f ellows were equal ly i mpressed

’
-
. I s u cceeded Sheridan wi thin
”
a f ew yea rs at H arrow, th e Du ke o f G raf ton told M oore, a nd f ou nd h is m e m ory

preserved very af f ect i onately there, his poems repea ted, and a room ca l led af ter h is
”
n a me .

Sheridan s late r career is f amiliar his tory H is ex traordi nar y ability— h is you th
’
.

o f ad v entu re— t h e r om a n ti c i n c id en ts o f h is m arr i a

ge — h is enchanti ng wi f e —th e

memorable events amid whi ch his Par lia mentary li f e was pas sed — th e group o f
illu stri ous states men of which h e f ormed not the l eas t striki ng figur e— th e ed mi r
a bl e co m edi es wi th whi c h h e en ri ched o u r s ta e — th e vi c i ss i tu d es whic h bef el l
g
—
his cl osing years impress an d f as ci na te our generati on as they did his o wn No .

”
s s e - —
man , says his di ti gu i h d grea t gran dson worthy inheri tor of Sheridan and
n
 STATESME N OF H ARR OW SCHOOL 1 59

Lin ley blood ever li ved in m ore wor lds th an Sherid a n , or ever sh on e wi th s uc h

brill iancy in al l I n th e world of f ashion, in th e company of wi ts , a mong au thors ,

.

ai nters , an d po ets , in th e H ou se o f Co mm ons , a t th e C ou r t o f th e Pri nce R e gent,

p
— whatever soc i ety h e f re quented , h e mo ved a star H is charmi ng manners , h is
.

han dsome person, h is gaiety, a bove al l , his good nature, whic h was one of h is -

”
pri ncipa l characteristi cs , rendered him u ni versa lly popu lar .

Sheridan entered Parlia ment at th e same moment as Pi tt, when Lo rd Nor th s ’

long li ved A d ministration was totteri ng to its f a ll The Parl ia menta ry stage was
-
.

occu pi ed by states men of th e highe s t ran k w .

—
Pi tt as risi ng a spl end id l u minary
ou a scene of dar kness a nd di sas ter B urke was pouri ng ou t his weal th of intellect
.

an d pass i on in ora ti o ns whi c h are s till th e chief orn a m ent of our po li t ica l li teratu re ;

th e char m a nd th e geni u s of Fox were f as c i na ting all wh o f ell un der th e m agic ian s
’

s el l
p .

Among s uc h c o mpeers Sheridan a t once too k a dis tin gu ished posi tion H is .

ser vi c es were too va l uabl e to b e sp ared , an d n o m ember of a party was ever m ore

hardly worked H is dramatic su cc esses had alread y mad e him f amous ,b ut h e finally
.

a ba nd o ned pl ay wri ti ng f or p oli ti cs

- A n occas i on presented i ts e lf which gave th e
.

f ul les t sc o pe to his dramati c and rhetori ca l gif ts , th e arra ignmen t of a great of fic i a l

f or cri mes agai nst an o ppress ed and helpl ess race Th e theme was co ngen ia l
. .

Sheri dan rose splendidl y to the occas ion H is speech in the Hou se of Com mons in
.

s u ppor t o f th e impeac h ment of Wa rren H as ti ngs i mp ressed h is hearers to a d egree

sca rcely c redible to a l ess i mpas si oned genera ti on B urke pronou nced it th e most
.

as ton is hi ng ef f ort o f el o q uence, argument, and wit co mbi ned of whi ch there is any
”
rec or d or traditi on Pitt and Fox were equ ally lavish in their pra ise Sheridan s ‘
. .

s peec h in Wes tmi n ster Ha ll on th e sa me u bj ect

s — worthily depi cted by Macau lay
was n o l ess signa l a tri u mph of rhetori c, as we now kn ow, o ver prosai c tru th a nd
th e real m eri ts of th e cas e Thr oughout his thi rty years of Parliamentary li f e,
.

however, Sheridan s ympathi es and ad voca cy were ever on th e side of liberty,

’
s

h umani ty, and j us ti ce To this sacred ca use h e sac rificed repeated oppor tu nities of
.

em ol u men t and hon ou r Th e extraordi nary versatili ty, whi ch ena bl ed h im to

.

combi ne th e m anagement o f a g rea t th ea tre wi th a b us y Par li a mentary li f e,exposed

him to th e tempta tions of a convi vi al , and not too strai t laced society But th e -
.

f aro ta bl e where so m any of h is c ontempora ri es was ted l i f e and f ortune— h ad no

- —
char m s f or Sheridan ; an d , th ou gh of ten embarras sed , h e lef t a su b stan ti a l f o rtun e

to h is f amily . None of our great dra matists h as lef t a brighte r, none a more
u n su l li ed page . Cares , sorro ws, and mi sf ortu nes gathered abou t h is c los ing days
tragi c contras ts to th e suc cess, th e ga i ety , th e bri l li ant a chi eve ment of ea rly li f e .

Harrovians will remember wi th i nterest that Sherida n ca me bac k to Harrow with

”
h is l ovely wi f e in th e days of Dr H ea th , an d res ided f or a tim e a t the Grove,
.

where h is o wn ga i ety and M rs Sheridan s exqu i s ite s i ngi ng speedily attra cted a
’
.

ci rc le o f c ongen i a l f ri ends Dr Jose ph Drury, th e f u tu re head mas ter, h as rec ord ed

. .

h ow h e wou ld someti mes labour f ar i nto th e n ight to atone f or hours too q u ickly
pas sed in this pl eas ant compani on ship .

I n th e sc h oo l list o f A ugust 1 77 0 , in th e Fi f th Form, appears th e name of

Hamilton This was John James , nin th Earl , and , su bsequently, first Marq uess of
.
1 60 HAR R OW SCHOOL
A bercorn, a di sti ngu i shed figure in th e po l iti cs and soc iety of his day Wraxall, .

wh o h eard him m ove th e A ddress of Tha n ks f or th e Speec h f ro m th e Throne in 1 7 8 4 ,

—
describes him as h e th en appeared tall, erect, and musc u lar, wi th an air of grace
a nd dign ity, dark complexi on, more like a Spaniard than an Englishman H is .

arrogant s ol em ni ty o f m an ner, a u gmented by th e pec u li a ri ti es of his dem ea nour ,

obta i ned f or h im f rom Sherid an th e na m e of Don VVhiskerandos, th e l over of

Til b u rina in his o wn Cr itic On severa l oc cas i on s M r H amil ton came f orward
. .

in def ence of Warren H as ti ngs in the H ouse of Co mmons, whom h e described,

”
mu ch to Sheridan s indignati on , as an ac cused and persecu ted individual
’
Pitt, .

wh o h ad kno wn h im at coll ege, h ad a high opin i on of h is abili ti es , and said o f him

to Wilberf orce, H ad h e chos en to tak e to pu bli c li f e, h e co u ld ,as a spea ker , have
”
beaten us a ll . H is career in th e H ou se of C ommons was ended by h is s uccession
to his u nc le s ti tle in 1 7 8 9 Hencef orward h e was chi efly known to soc iety as a
’
.

magni ficent nobleman, li vi ng in the pomp whi ch beca me a descendant of th e Kings

o f Sc otland , an d th e represe ntati ve in th e mal e li ne of th e Du k es o f H amil ton .

H is strong sense of pers onal digni ty s ho wed i ts elf in so me a m u sing tra i ts I t is .

rec orded , f or i nsta nce, th a t, ha vi ng f orm ed an a ttach ment to h is re la ti ve, Mi ss

Cec il Hamil ton, h e thought it necessary, bef ore marryi ng h er, to indu ce Pitt to
ob ta in f or h er th e ran k a nd precedence of an earl s dau ghter , a c oncess i on to
’

which , n ot u n na turally , th e ki ng as sen ted wi th a very ill grace H is intimacy .

wi th Pi tt ga ve r i se to th e s uggesti on that th e Min i ster s emba rras s ed finan ces were

’

aided by his o u en e —
p l t ri nd a ca l u mny whi ch Lord Aberdee n denoun ced as , on
f
th e f a ce of it, absu r d Lord A b ercorn s i nfl uence with Pitt was , however , remark
’
.

a bl e . Wi th ref erence to it, a f riend, at the time of th e dea th of th e Emperor

“
Joseph,observed th a it was lucky that h e did not wi sh to b e E mperor of Ger many,
”
as Pi tt wou l d cer ta i n ly ha ve don e h is bes t to m a ke him s o Bentley Pri ory , Lo rd .

A b ercom s residence a t S ta n more, beca me a grea t res or t o f li te rary and po li ti cal

’

cel ebri ti es , a mongs t oth ers , Pi tt, We lli n to n, Cann i ng, Li verp ool , Sidm ou th ,
g
Words worth , Moore, R ogers , John Kemble, and M rs Siddons Here R ogers . .

wrote th e P leas ur es Ji m my , and S cott a po rtion of M a m ion One cou plet in .

th e Intro du c ti on to the Fi rs t Can to, on Fox s dea th

’

For ta l ents mou r n , u ntime ly l

ost ,

W h en b lyd
es t emp o e an d wante d
most

is sa id to ha ve b een ad ded by Lo rd A b ercom him se l f . He beca me a Governor of

H arrow School in 18 1 0 .

One o f Ha milton s c o mrades in th e Fi f th For m was Lo rd Ra wdon, better

’

known to f ame as Lord Moi ra and Marq uess Of Has tings Powerf u l connec .

ti ons , th e f avou r o f th e R egent, cons id erable a bi l i ty , a nd a se lf co nfidence

whi ch f requ ently gl o wed i nto c omplacency, co nspi red to fit him f or a grand
ca reer .As Govern or Ge nera l of India ( 1 8 1 3 22 ) h e ca rri ed ou t, on a splen
- -

did sca le, th e Imperia l po licy whi ch Wellesley — hi mself , f or a short time, a
w —
Harro b oy had , ten year s bef ore, in i tiated H e enlarged th e Himalayan .

f ronti er, tamed th e mara udi ng hord es of th e Pi ndari s, and crushed th e las t
des perate struggle of th e Mahratta Sta tes Th e limi ts of th e Bri ti sh dominion,
.
1 62 HA RR OW SCHOOL
con tr ibu te d to many
plendi d successes Th e victories of St Vincent and Camper
s . .

down were won ; th e mutini es at Spithead and th e Nore were su ppressed ; Nelson
was s i ngled out an d sent to th e Med iterran ea n ,where h e won th e battle of th e Nile,
and , su bse qu ent ly , an oth er vi ctory in th e Ba lti c .

Dr S u mner s su ccessor began his reign in storm Loca l f eeling espoused th e

’
. .

candidatu re of Parr f or th e head mast ers hip , and ex loded in a ri ot when Heath
p
( 1 7 7 1
-
8 5) — a th ir d E ton i an head m as ter in su cces s i on— w as se l ected I n tha t ri ot , .

as , a ce ntury la ter, th e Ear l of Veru l a m related at th e Tercen tenary Fes ti val, th e

ca rri age of one of his ancestors ,M r Bu cknall ,a G overn or of th e sc h oo l ,was wrec ked
.

by Parr s too zeal ous partisans Th e onwu te lost to Harrow one wh o would have been
’
.
‘

am on gs t h er brightest ornaments A littl e Harrovian , eleven and a ha lf years o l d ,

.

wh o h ad s hared in th e sac rilegious act, arri ved at th e h ouse of h is guardi an , Ar c h

bishop Cornwallis,waving one of th e ta ssels of M r Bucknall s carri age, and shou ting .
’

Victory —a costly vi ctory, f or it resu l ted in th e little rebel , Vi sc ount Welles ley,
son of th e Ea r l of M om in t on , a nd f u tu re Marqu ess Welles l ey , be i ng tra nsf erred
g
to Eton , where he beca me a po li shed s cho lar, and prepare d hi mse l f to figu re on a
grander sta ge as one of the grea test of the Governors General of I ndia ( 1 7 9 8 1 8 0 5) - -

to settl e f or ever by a f ew mas t erly strokes th e qu es ti on of French su pre macy in

the Eas t ; to dea l th e Mah ratta con f ed erac y, then our m os t seri ous anta gon ist, two
crus hi ng bl ows ; and to l ay do wn in efl acea b ly th e li nes o f th e I mperi a l po licy which
'

Englan d was hencef orward to f ollow in th e East Utina m nos ter as set H e was .

an H arrovi a n, a t a ny rate, f or e ighteen mon ths .

I n Dr H ea th s hea dmas tership a cha nge of som e i mporta nc e to H arrow too k

’
.

plac e, in th e aboliti on of the archery meeting, whi ch h ad been f or many years

held on the firs t Th ursday in Ju ly, an d was regarded as an annual occas i on of
”
f esti vity I ts place was taken by th e
. Speec h day, of whi ch there were three -

ann u a lly till Dr Longley s day Th e first occurred in 1 77 2 M ay we believe

’
. . .

tha t th e new i n centi ve to oratory q u ic kened th e zea l of two H arrovi ans of that
eri od , wh o certa in ly , in af ter d a ys ,owed mu ch to thei r conspi cu ous excellen ce as
-
p
public spea kers ?
I n th e sc hoo l list of 1 7 7 4 there stands , in the Fou rth Form th e na me of R yder ,
in th e Third that of Perceval Each of them was destined to fil l a high place in
,

th e po li ti ca l w orld Du dley R yder,af ter ward s the first Earl of Harrowby ,entered
.

Parl iament in 1 7 8 4, and , a f ew years later, beca me Under S ec retary of State f or -

Foreign Af f airs,and f or a part of Pitt s second A dministrati on ( 1 8 0 4) was Secreta ry

’

of S tate f or th e sa m e department H e held office in th e Du ke of Portl an d s

’
.

Ministry ( 1 8 0 7 ) and in M r Spencer Perceval s . I n Lo rd Li verp oo l s Govem

’ ’

ment ( 1 8 1 2 ) Lord Harrowby was Pres ident of the Coun cil, havi ng among h is col
v —
leagues three Harro i ans Palmerston , Goderich, and Pee l H e was among those .

of C an ni ng s f o ll o wers wh o, on h is bec o mi ng Prim e Mi nister, stoo d by him In

’
.

th e tro ubl es whi ch f oll owed on C a nn in g s dea th and l ed to Lord Goder i ch s res igna
’ ’

ti on , Lo rd H ar rowby was of f ere d th e Pre mi ersh ip, b u t was compelled by f ailing

hea lth to dec line it Du ri ng th e stormy ti mes to which th e R ef orm qu est i on gave
.

ri se,Lord H arro wby pl ayed a promi nent a n d i nfl uenti al pa rt H is speech in 1 8 3 1 , .

on th e confli ct between th e two branch es of th e Le gi s la ture, m ade a prof oun d

 STATESME N OF HAR R OW SCHOOL 1 63

impress i on on th e H ouse H is po licy of accepting a comprom ise between th e Lords

.

and th e C o mmons as t o th e Re f orm Bi l l ,a nd so obvi at ing th e resort to th e d angerous

expedi ent o f a crea ti on o f new peers , earned f or him and his party th e so br iquet
”
of th e Waverers H is temperam ent, however, was essenti a lly that of a ref ormer
. .

H e j oined with Pitt, Fox, and Wilberf orc e in attacking th e Slave Trade H e s up .

ported the cause of Catholic Emancipati on and the repea l of th e Test an d Cor
pot ati on Acts, and was an early advocate of Parliam enta ry ref orm .

I t was in Lord H arrowby s house in G rosvenor Square that th e Ca to Street

’

c ons pirac y f o r th e assas s i nati on of all th e m embers of th e Government at a

Mi ni sters dinner was to have been ca rried ou t, and Lord Harrowby was one of
’

the two pers ons to who m th e warn ing was gi ven which l ed to its d ef ea t .

Spencer Perceval , second son of John, Lord Egm ont, was th e first Harrovi an
Prime Min ister H is cha rac ter as a statesm a n has su f f ered f rom his ass ociati on
.

wi th th e narro w Tory creed , of which h e was th e of ficial spokesman Perceval s .

’

abili ti es , however , ca rri ed him to th e to of h is prof ession ,and made him th e f ri en d

p
of Pi tt , an d a su ccess f u l l ead er of th e H ouse of C om mons . Pitt high ly val ued
h is servi ces, oflered him th e Chief Secre tary ship o f Ire lan d, and s uggested him as
'

his su ccesso r, in case of a f ata l te rmi nati on to h is d ue l wi th Ti erney Duri ng th e

.

l atter part of th e Addingt on A dministrati on it was Perceval s onerous tas k , as

’

Attorney General , to def en d th e Government aga i nst t he attacks of Pi tt , Fox, and

-

Windham On Pitt s re tur n to power in 1 8 0 4, he secu red Perceval as Attom ey

.
’

General , l ea vi ng him f ree to oppose Catholic Emancipati on On the Du ke of.

Portlan d s acc ess i on to office in 1 8 0 7 ,Perceval became Chancel lor of the Exchequer ;
’

and , on th e Du ke s reti rement in 1 8 0 9 , Perceval s c l aim to th e Premi ers hip was

’ ’

re cogn ised again st a n o l ess dis ti n u is h ed competi tor than Canni ng H held th e
g e
.

post with i ncreas ing su ccess and as cendency till his assassinati on in 1 8 1 2 .

Th e secret of h is i nflu enc e l ay in th e f act that he was th e embodim ent of f eelings

and convi cti ons dear to th e a vera e E ngli shm an of
g his da ,
y
— devot i on to h is

c ou n try , hatred of Na po l eon, di str ust of t h e Re vo l u ti onary m ovem en t, l oyalty to

Church and Ki ng, dis like to Popery H is prej u di ces were of his epoch ; b ut a
.

last i ng ti tle to f ame will be f ou nd in th e consistent oppos iti on whi ch, f rom first to
las t, he ofl ered to th e claim of France to dominate Europe, in his un wavering
'

reso l u ti on to conti nu e th e struggle a a inst that c l a i m, and his emphati c condemn s

g
ti on of every prop osa l to aban don it By him th e poli cy of conf ronting Napoleon
.

by land as well as by sea was initiated, an d th e prosec uti on of hostilities in the

Peninsul a maintained H e stuck to this programme th rou gh d if ficu lties in
.

Parliament hardl y less f ormidable than those which Wel lington was c onf ronting
’

in th e field Th e Oppos ition con tinu all y urged th e a band onment of th e struggle
. .

Perceval was always read y wi th an ef f ective reply Th e servi ces so rendered to his
.

coun try will a l way s secur e f or him an h onoure d place a m ong English sta tes men .

An aff ecti ng scene occurred at th e Speeches of 1 8 1 3 , when Lord Harrowby ,

then Pres id en t of th e C ouncil , was muc h overcom e by th e rec i tati on of W ol sey s
’

Farewell to Greatness , by the son of his f ri en d, Spencer Perceva l whose as sas sina
,

t i on by Belli ngha m h ad occ ur red in th e previ o us year .

I n th e schoo l li st of 1 7 7 5, in th e c l ass entitl ed O vid , appears the name of

1 64 HARR OW SCHOOL
Lord Elgin , whose en thusias m f or Greek ar t was i nstrumenta l in securing f or th e
n a ti on som e pri ce less treas u res of th e a nci ent world — th e co ll ect i on of bro nzes and
sc ul ptures kno wn to E ngl i s hm en by hi s na m e H e was A mbas sad or to th e Porte in .

1 7 99 , and , res olvi ng to u tilise th e occas i on f or th e stu dy of Greek art, empl oyed
vari o us draughts men and m odell ers in m a ki ng d ra wi ngs of th e anc i en t bu ildin gs at

A thens . A firman f rom th e Porte enl arged h is opportun i ti es by ena bli ng him to
ut a sca fl ol d in r ou nd th e Par th enon to m oul d th e sc u lptures , an d to ta ke a way
'

p g
pieces of stone wi th th e i nsc ripti ons and figures there on Th e inj uri es which these .

in va l uabl e rel i cs were sus ta ini ng at th e ha nds of th e Tu rk s su ggested , and j usti fied ,
th ei r removal , whi ch , however, provok ed anim advers ion, and was sevem ha ndl ed
”
by Byron in th e Cu r se of M inerva The Elgin Marbles , comprising pa rt of th e .

f ri eze and pedimenta l scul p ture of th e Par thenon and Tem p l e of N ike A p teros,
f oun d their way to London , and were in 1 8 1 6 purchase d f or th e nat i on .

Dr Drury s twenty years reign was d is ti ngu ished by many na m es whi ch became
’ ’
-
.

f amous in th e po liti ca l world H e h ad the trai ni ng of no l ess t han five f uture

.

Prime Min isters Spencer Perceval was his pri vate p u pil ; and u nder his head
.

mas tership ca me Lord Goderi ch, S ir R o bert Peel , th e Ear l of A berdeen , and
Viscoun t Pa lmerston To thi s peri od , too, bel ongs Lord Al thorp , third E arl
.

Spencer, wh o, thou gh never Pri me Min ister— he decli ned it when urged u pon him
by Lord Grey— e xercised an ascendency as lea der of the H ouse of Commons , su ch
as f ew E ngl i sh Mi ni sters ha ve ever ac hieved .

Th e f a me of Dr Dr ury s p u pil room h ad al rea dy trave lled f ar, an d th e schoo l

’
-
.

beca me greatly in vogue I ts nu mbers largely i ncreased Dr Dr ury was very

. . .

impressi ve as mas ter, f ri end, and almost f ather of h is pu pils A mongst the .

”
most impressed was Byron I be lieve, h e wrote, that no one cou ld b e, or can
.

b e,m ore a ttac hed to H arrow tha n I al wa ys ha ve been,and wi th good re as on A pa rt .

o f th e tim e passed there was th e happi est of my lif e, an d my p re ceptor, th e Re v .

”
Joseph Dr ury, was th e best and worthi est f rien d I ever posses sed .

A t th e Speec hes of 1 4th Jun e 1 7 9 8 th e f o ll owi ng were am ong th e perf ormers

Lo n R Y T N
a O S O Md e ea

W u r '
C t li d a a na a su os

W ru ror
'
D i d ar u s a s u os

L n D N C NN N
”
oa U A CmO sar

Lo n Aa n rx
r rro r Ct a o

H ON .F R . oa rNsONG lg a ac us

Of these, th e H on F R o bin son was secon d so n of th e secon d Lord Grantha m ,

. .

wh o h ad been H ome Secreta ry in Lo rd She lbu rne s Mi ni stry in 1 7 8 2 H e made a

’
.

repu ta ti on a t H arro w as a s tu di ous and a ccomplis hed sc holar , and was n oted by

his contemporaries as des tined f or f utu re di sti ncti on A t Ca mbridge, in 1 8 0 1 .

h e won S ir W illia m Brown e s m eda l f or th e Latin Ode H e entered pu blic lif e,

’
.

bef ore h e was of age, as Pri vate Secretary to th e Lord Lieu tena nt of Ireland in -

A ddington s A dmin is trati on I n Perceval s Min i stry h e beca m e Un der Secre ta ry

’ ’
-
.

f or t h e Col onies and a Lord of th e A dmiral ty ; u nder Lord Li verpool , Vi ce

President of th e Board of Trad e ; in 1 8 23 , Chancellor of the Exchequer ; in 1 8 27 ,
Secreta ry of Sta te f or th e Colonies ; and, a f ew months later, Pri me Minister .
1 66 H ARR OW SCHOOL
later years, Mas ter of th e Pyt chley H un t, and wou ld sometimes, af ter a deba te in
th e H ouse, gall op through th e n ight on relays of h orses to N or thamptons hire, in
order to b e at th e c overt s ide next morning I n Lo rd Grenvil l e s A l l th e
’
-
.

Talents Mini stry Lord A l thorp s f ather, th e second Ear l Spencer, was a
’

Secreta ry of Sta te, and th e son beca me a Lord of th e Tr eas u ry H e had begun .

lif e as an ardent f oll ower of Pi tt, b u t gradua l ly inc lin ed to the broad er phas e of
Toryism, and th e ref orming sec tion of th e Whigs When Whitbread s death in .
’

1 8 1 5 l efl: th e party wi thou t a lead er, Lord A lthorp f oun d hi mse lf , perf orce, its
head ; and during th e Du ke of W ellington s Ministry h e became the recognised
’

leader of a strong Opposition On th e Duke s res ignation , in November 1 8 3 0 ,

.
’

Lord Gre y f ormed a Ministry ou t of the old Wh igs and the f ollowers of Ca nning
a nd Grenvill e . I n thi s Lord A l th orp was Chancellor of th e Excheq uer an d L ea der
of the H ou se, Pal merston Foreign Secr eta ry , a nd G oderi c h Secreta ry f or W ar a n d

th e C olon i es. In th e str uggl e over th e R ef orm Bil l , Al thorp ren dered i nva l uable
”
servi ces to his party a nd th e cou ntry I t was A lthorp wh o carri ed th e Bill ,
.

”
Lord Hardinge sa id his fine temper did it .

In 1 8 3 4 A l th orp s retire ment f ro m Lord Grey s G overn ment was th e signal f or

’ ’

its f all , b u t Liberal s of every phas e were un an im ous in desi ri ng Al th orp s conti nu
’

an ce in of fice . Two hu n dred and six members addressed to him a letter deploring
h is reti rement Touched by su ch a demonstrati on of f eeli ng, A l th orp consented to
.

ta ke of fice as Chancell or of th e E xchequ er in Lo rd Melb ou rne s G overnment H is

’
.

s uccess i on to his f ath er s peerage in 1 8 3 4 was f oll o wed by Lord M el bou m e s s u dden
’ ’

dismi ssal by th e King, and Peel s first short li ved Premiers h ip Lord Spencer
’
-
.

ref used to return to Lord Melbour ne s secon d A dmi ni stra ti on ,betook hi mself to th e
’

c oun try i nteres ts whi ch were h is r ea l delight, an d scarcely agai n emerged i nto

pu bli c lif e, except on one occas ion,in 1 8 43 , when h e made a grea t speec h at North
ampton in f avour of Free Trade .

H is po liti ca l hi story was remarkable H e began his Mi n i steria l career as lead er

.

of an u nref orm ed ,h e ended it as lea der of a re f ormed H ou se of C ommons I n both .

a lik e h e obta i n ed an u nr i va lled as cend ency , d u e nei ther to geni u s, nor t o el oqu ence ,

nor to s u cc ess f u l finance , b u t to transp arent hon es ty , s i mpli c i ty of pur pose , and th e

enti re c onfidence whi ch f ri en d an d f oe a like f elt in h is di si n terested l oya l ty He .

” “
exerci sed , wr i tes Cha r l es Gre vill e, in th e H ous e of C ommons an i nfl u ence, an d even

a d omi ni on, greater than an l ead er ei ther af te r h im or bef o re him N ei ther Pi tt

y .

th e f ather n or Pitt th e son , in th e pl en itu de of thei r ma gni ficent di c tators hips , n or

Canning, in th e days of h is most brilliant displays of oratory and wit, nor Cas tle
reagh, return ing in al l the gl o ry of an o va ti on f rom th e overthrow o f Na po leon ,

c ou l d overn wi th th e same sway th e m ost u nru ly a nd f as tidi ou s assembly tha t th e

g
world ever knew H is f ri end s f oll owed thi s plai n an d s i mple man wi th en th usi as ti c
.

devoti on, and h e possessed the f acu lty of di sa rming his po liti ca l antagonists of al l
bi tte rness and animosity towards h im H e was rega rded in th e House of Commons
.

with sentiments akin to those of personal af f ection, with a bo un dles s c onfidence and
an u ni versa l esteem .Su ch was th e irresi stible ascendency of tr uth, sinceri ty, and
honour, of a probi ty f ree f rom every f a int of i nterest, of mere charac ter unaided by
the arts whi ch ca ptivate or subj ugate m anki nd
 STA TESM EN OF HA R R OW SCHOOL 1 67

Al th orp took a prominent part in vari ous great meas ures of th e firs t sessi on of
—
th e Re f ormed Par liam ent th e A bo liti on of Slavery , f or whi ch, as Chancell or of
th e Exchequ er , h e h ad to provide twenty mi l li ons —th e regu l ati on o f child labo ur -

in f actories — th e red ucti on of th e a buses of th e I r ish Church— th e maki ng lan ded

property liable f or debt— th e re f orm of Game La ws— th e renewal of th e Char ters of
th e Eas t India C ompany and of th e Bank of England .

I n th e second yea r of th e Re f or med Par l iament, A lthorp h ad charge of th e

Poor L a w Bill Th e exi sti ng la
. w— —
that of 1 7 96 h ad given i ndi scri mina te relief
to a ble bodied pa upers ; th e expendi tu re, whi ch h ad gr own to seven milli ons , wa
- s

sa ppi ng th e stre ngth of th e a ri cu l tura l c las s , su bsidi s i ng improvidence, drag ing

g g
do wn a like the labo urer and th e c las s by whom thi s extravagant expenditure had to
b e def rayed Lord A l th orp s Poor L aw provi ded a remedy f or thi s cal amitous sta te
’
.

of t hi ngs , and effici ent mac hi nery f or carryi ng it ou t Th e confidence u n i versal ly .

f el t in h is j u dgm ent and i nte gri ty enabled hi m to carry a m eas u re , di stas tef u l to
many powerf u l i nteres ts , which it needed no ordi nary courage to conf ront I ts .

ood re s u l ts speedily b eca me a pparent,an d th e A ct has rema i ned ever si nce th e basis
g
of our sy ste m of po o r relief .

Lord Al thorp was th e first Presi dent of th e R oyal Agri cul tural Soci ety, a post
whi ch h is n ephew, th e present E ar l, h as al so occ u pied .

Next above Lord A l thorp in th e Speech list comes Lord Dunca nn on, f our th -

Earl of Bessb orough , Al th orp s cous i n a nd intimate f ri end H e entered Parliament

’
.

in 1 8 0 5 in th e Whig i nteres t, a nd f or twenty five years was whip of tha t par ty an d -

the tr us ted depos i ta ry of its secrets Lord Melbourne s negotiati ons wi th th e Iri sh ’
.

Catholics passed through his hands .

I n 1 8 29 Lord Du ncan non and Lord Ebri ngt on, f ather of th e present Ear l
Fortescu e, i ntrodu ced Daniel O Connell when h e applied to b e sworn in a f te r th e
’

Clare electi on Duncannon was one of the Committee appointed by Lord Grey
.

S ir James Graham, th e Ea rl of Durham , a nd Lord John R usse ll bein g th e other

—
three m embers to dra w up th e firs t Re f orm Bill Lord Melbo urne,on h is ac cessi on .

to office in 1 8 3 4 , a ppo i nted Du nca nn on to th e H ome Office H e reti red wi th h is .

coll ea gues o n Pee l s c omi ng i nto of fice, b u t, in Lo rd Me lbou rne s secon d Mi ni s try ,
’ ’

beca me First Commissioner of Public Works and Lord Privy Sea l 1 .

I n 1 8 44 h e s ucceeded to th e ear ldo m On th e advent o f th e Whigs to po wer,

.

in 1 8 46, Lord John R u sse l l sent C o ttenha m to th e W oo lsac k, Pa lmerston to th e

Foreign Of fice, and Bessb orough to th e Ir ish Vi ceroyal ty— the first resident Ir ish
landl ord f or a generation wh o held that post .

H is repu ta ti on , say s Char l es Grevill e, is a n i ns ta nce of th e su ccess whi ch may

b e o btai ned by qua l iti es of a s u peri or description, wi thou t great tal ents , wi thou t
kn owled ge and inf ormation,and wi thout any power of speaki ng in Parliament H e .

too k office and beca me a Ca bi net Mi nister, and conti nu ed to do a vas t dea l o f
Par lia menta ry business ,es pecial ly in th e H ouse of Lords, and carry through Bil ls,
”
wi thout making th e sembla nce of a speech .

1
L dD n
or u n n
ca tw nob the e e l H
’
s w o ro i — W illi m Ponsonby , f t w ds L d
rs r a so arr ov an s a a er ar or

d e M nl ey, nd F d e i k P n
a a re by, wh
r c o mp ni d th e D k e of W ellington f m th e
son o ac co a e u ro

beginning of th Pe in l W t W te lo
e n s u ar ar o a r o.
1 68 HAR R OW SCHOOL
H is ca lm mper, good sense, and kindliness made h im th e confidant of a large
te
ci rc l e of f ri ends H e was consu l ted by every one
. A t length nothing cou ld b e
.

”
done wi thou t Dunca nnon E verybody liked him , even th e King, wh o hated th e
.

rest of th e Whigs Even with O Connel l , Lord Bessb orough f ou nd it pos sible to
’
.

keep on f riendly terms H is Iri sh blood and genial temperament, his firmness ,
.

industry, and kno wledge of the people commended h is admi nistration to popu lar
ood will T h e I r ish f a mi n e imp osed on h im l abou rs which s hortened his lif e H is
g
-
. .

death at Du blin in 1 8 47 , in the midst of his eff orts to alleviate the gen eral mi sery ,
”
exci ted a prof ou n d popul ar i nterest N o man , says Charl es Greville, ever
.

”
qu i tted th e world more su rrounded by sympathy,approba ti on,res pect,and a f f ection ,
— great d em onstrati ons of which attended him to th e gra ve .

h
An ot er of A l th or
p s sc h ’
oo l f ell o ws— -
in a f te r lif e -
a p o li ti ca l as soc i a te — was a

plai n, thi ck set b oy, with dark, searching eyes and beetling brow, of blu nt speech
-

and co ld dis pos i ti on, maki ng f ew f riend s a nd p ossessi ng n one of th e graces whi c h
—
his f ather wh o figures in Lord Lyttel ton s an d Mi ss B urney s pages as a poet,
’ ’

wit, and man of cu ltu re hoped to secure f or his sons by a Harrow edu cation .

Young Pepys f o thi — r s w as Ch l Ch

ar es ri st oph , er t h e f u tu re L rd Cottenh am did
o —
no t ta ke th e poli sh as well as did his b ro thers , whom h e af ter ward s h elped to plac es

of dist i ncti on H e soon , h owever, sho wed h is stu rdy q ua li ti es

. . On one
there was a qu es ti on as to whether the ice on a c erta i n p ond wou ld hear . A lth orp
vol u n teered to o across if an
y one wou l d j o i n him P e ys c am e f orward , and th e
p
g .

t wo reached th e oppos i te s ide a mid th e pl a u di ts of th e on lookers .

I n 1 8 3 1 Pepy s entered Par li am ent I n 1 8 3 4 h e su cceeded S ir John Campbell

.

as Soli c i tor Gen eral ; and , on th e death of S ir Joh n l e ac h, Brou gha m ,j ust bef ore
-

qu i tti ng of fice,made him Mas ter of th e R o lls,an appo i ntment whi ch b e regarded as
his best ti t le to th e gra ti tu de of th e prof ess i on On th e retu rn of th e Whigs to of fice,
.

th e Great Seal was pu t i nto Commiss i on , Pepys bei ng one of th e Commi ss i oners ,
an d th e f o llowi ng y ear he beca m e Lord Ch ance ll or H is posi ti on in th e H ouse of
.

Lo rds was not mad e more agreeable by lea rning that it would be part of his du ties
to reply to th e ons la u ghts of Lo rd Brougha m .

I n 1 8 46 h e agai n beca me Lord Ch ancellor in Lord John R usse ll s A dmi ni strati on

’
.

Cottenh a m,however,shone l ess in Par liament than in th e Courts ,where his mas tery
of th e l aw ma de him perf ect ly at h ome, a n d where h e was d ea li ng wi th a s u bj ec t

a bou t whi ch h e rea l ly ca red H e considers th e system whi c h h e admin i sters the
.

perf ecti on of wisdom Phlegmati c in everything else, here he shows c onsiderable

.

”
enthu s i as m . H is k nowledge an d s kill were of es peci al i mporta n ce in t wo new
provinces of j u dici l po iti
a e x s o n— th e ref orm ed mun i c ipal bodi es ,and th e l aw of rail
way and o ther compan i es .

To Cottenha m bel ongs th e honou r of havi ng been one of th e thr ee L aw Lords

wh o in 1 8 44 , aga i n st Lyn dhurst and Bro ugham , se t as id e th e c onvi cti on of
O Connel l , obta in ed f ro m a j u ry wh ose i mpanel ment h ad been in flagrant vi olat i on
’

”
of th e rules of f a i r play Th e d eci si on did more, say s Sir Spence r Wa lpo le,
.

”
tha n all th e troop s in Ireland to terminate th e agi ta ti on f or R epea l .

I n Pee l and Pa l merston th e poli ti ca l gl ori es of Harrow reac h thei r c u lmi nati ng
p oint No two Harrovian sta tesmen ever brou ght more admirable gi f ts to th e
.
 HA RR OW SCHOOL
l oss of pri vate f ri endship an d i
Looking back u pon th e pas t, sur veyin g
aff ec t on .

the p res ent, and f orej u dging th e f u tu re, I dec lare that th e time h as com e when th e
qu estion mu st b e adj u sted A s Min ister of th e Crown, I reserve to myself dis
.

tinctl y and u nequ i voca lly th e r ight of adap ti ng my cond u ct to th e exigen cy of the
”
moment and th e wants of th e cou ntry H is f all f ro m office at the very moment .

of his tr i umph was di ni fied by th e as su rance of th e grati tu de of his co untr m en

g y
an d th e so lidi ty of th e bles si ngs whic h h e brou ght wi th i n their rea ch I t may b e .

that I shall lea ve a nam e so meti mes remembered wi th express i ons of good wi ll in -

th e a bodes of th ose whose l ot it is to la bo ur an d to earn thei r da ily bread with

th e s weat of thei r bro w, when they shall rec ru i t thei r exhau ste d strength wi th
abun dant an d u n ta xed f ood , th e s weete r , becau se it is n o l onger l ea vened wi th a
”
sense of i nj u sti ce .

When I was at H arrow in wrote S ir A ugust us Cli f f ord to Lo rd Dall ing,

th e l a te Lord Pa lm erston was rec koned th e bes t tempered and most plu cky b oy -

in th e sc hoo l , as well as a you ng man of grea t pro mi se W e were in th e sa me .

house, which was Dr Bromley s, by whom we were of te n ca lled , when idle, young
.
’

men of wit and pl easu re Th e late Lord de M an l ey ( then Willia m Ponson by ) ,

.

Powlett (a son of Lord Powlett), and myself were f ags to A lthorp , Du ncann on,
and Templ e, wh o mes sed together, a n d th e l atter was by f ar th e m ost merc if u l an d

indulgent I can remember well Temple fighting behin d th e sc hoo l a great b oy,
.

ca ll ed Sali s bu ry , twi ce his s i ze, an d h e wou ld not gi ve in , b u t was brou ht home

g
”
wi th black eyes an d a bloody n ose, and mother Bromley ta king care of him .

S uch as h e was at sc hool ,Pa l merston continu ed throu gh lif e,till h e died,in 1 8 65,
the f orem ost man in Englan d,a l ways th e same gen ia l ,dar i ng,magn ani mo u s nature ;
his very f a u l t of too confiden t asserti on of his coun try s rights endea r ing him to
’

”
h is f e ll ow cou ntrymen - I n h is long spa n of lif e
. h e su mmed u p, says his
bi ographer, th e politi ca l honours of several generations ; f or h e was a member of
every G o vernm en t f ro m 1 8 0 7 to 1 8 65 , except t h os e o f S ir Ro be rt Peel an d Lord
”
Derby H e sat in sixteen Parliaments ,and was elected to a seat in a seventeenth
. .

For t wenty years h e held th e S ec retaryship at W ar ( 1 8 0 9 a pos t in whi c h h is

u ntiri ng as s idu i ty an d perf ec t mas tery of th e departmen t rendered hi m in va l ua bl e

to a l ong seri es of Mi ni s ters Under Lord Grey, Lord Melbou rne,a nd Lo rd John
.

R u ssell, Lord Pal mers ton was Foreign Secreta ry ; un der Lord A berd een h e was
Home Secreta ry From 1 8 55 to 1 8 58 , and agai n, a f ter a short i nterva l d uri ng
.

Lord Derby s sec ond Admini strati on, till 1 8 65,Pa lmers ton was Prime Min ister I n
’
.

every po st a lik e h e sho w ed th q li ti th t E gli hm l

e u a es a n s en o ve — plu ck ,good hu m our, -

u nfl i nc hi ng ca re f o r E ngl a n d s greatness , un ti ri ng zea l in th e ser vi ce of th e S ta te

’
.

H is u nexhau sted , a ppa rently i nexha u stibl e s pir i ts , h is splendid phys iq u e, h is nu

ti ri ng ac ti vi ty of min d and bo dy , s eem ed pr oof aga i nst th e inroad s of ol d age .

Harrovian s will treas ure the recoll ecti on of h o w, in h is e ightieth year, Lord
Pal merston rode down to th e Speeches , timi ng hi msel f to do th e twelve miles f ro m
Cambridge House to th e head master s in an hou r ’
.

Th e las t scene of Peel s pol i ti ca l lif e, th e mos t spl en did perha ps of Pal mers ton s,
’ ’

will b e remembered as am ong th e most striki ng epi sodes of ou r Par li amenta ry

history I n 1 8 50 , Lord Palmers ton s high ha nded as serti on of th e rights of two
.
’
-
 STATESME N OF HAR R OW SCHOOL 17 1

Bri tis h su bj ects

g a Gireek Go ve rn men t h ad been th e s ubj ect of a vote of
a nst th e
cens ure in th e Lords A c oun ter reso lu tion was p ropos ed in th e Comm ons by
.
-

M r Roebu ck, general ly vi ndicati ng th e f oreign pol i cy of the Government

. .

”
Pal merston, f rom th e dusk of one day to th e dawn of anoth er, def ended
hi mself with a s kill, courage, and l oflzy spirit which filled his au dience, f r ien d
an d f oe a like, wi th a dmi rati on and delight Peel addressed a meas ured and
.

dignified reproof to th e Minis try H e decli ned to concur in approva l of Lord

.

Pal merston s ac ti on , b ut h e desc ribed his def en ce as that m ost able an d tempera te
’

s peec h whi c h m ad e u s prou d o f th e man wh o delivere d it, vi ndica ting wi th

becomi ng spir it,and wi th an ability worthy of his na me, th e policy and condu ct
”
h e pursu ed .

As Peel walked hom eward in th e bright summer m ornin g, he said to h is com

”
pani on that h e f el t at peace with all the world I t was well that it shou ld b e .

so, f or th e an gel o f dea th was even now hover in g abo ut him , and t ha t f oren oon th e

f a tal ac cident occurred whi ch cost E nglan d one of th e noblest of h er sons Pos .

terity will , no dou bt, end ors e Lord Beac ons fiel d s ad mi ss i on that,if not th e greatest
’

Minister that this cou ntry ever produ ced , or the greatest pa rty leader, or the most
”
consu mm ate orator, Peel was th e greatest Member of Parli am ent that ever lived .

A t th e H arro w Speech es of 1 8 0 0 , H Temple, af ter wards Lo rd Palm ers ton, was

.

one of th e perf ormers, an d recited G ray s B a r d On th e sa me occas i on, Lord

’
.

Haddo, af terwards Ea rl of Aberdeen, played th e part of Dido, deploring h er

f ai thless admi rer Traditi on tell s u s al so of an encoun ter, waged with bo lsters,
.

bet ween Haddo and Temple, whi ch res ul ted in one of th e antagon ists eff ecti ng
a mas terly retreat to his s tu dy Destin ed as th e two men were to become leaders
.

of wide ly di f f erent schoo l s of f oreign poli cy, th ei r early ca reers bore a curi ous
resembl a n ce Both were born in 1 7 8 4 ; both were at Harro w and Ca mbridge ;
.

both entered p ublic lif e in 1 8 0 7 both su pported th e Du ke of Portland s Govern ’

ment ; both were s ta tes men of th e schoo l of Pi tt On Ca nn ing s death ,Palmerston

’
.

approac h ed th e Whigs A berdeen , h avi ng in 1 8 3 5 s upported Pee l , f ou nd hi mself

.

in 1 8 50 , on Pee l s death , head of a di sti ngu is hed party, wh om th e Tori es, el ecting
’

to m arch u nd er Lor d Derby an d Di s rae li in su pport of Protect i on, h ad rej ected

th e Du ke of N ewcas tle, S ir Ja mes G raham , M r Glads tone, M r Cardwel l , and two
. .

Harrovi ans , Lo rd Aberdeen and M r Sidney H erbert . .

A t Harro w Lord H addo was a serious stud en t,n ot only of Greek ,b u t of modern
Eur opea n literature, especi ally Ita lian poetry H is travels on th e Continent a f ew
.

years later, and the researches to whi ch they conduced , ea rned him f rom Byron the
”
well known sobriq uet, Th e travel led Thane, A thenian A berdeen
- In 1 8 1 3 h e .

was sent by Lo rd Cas tlere a gh to th e A ustr ian Cour t to secure its co operation -

again st Na pol eon, and ac qu i red a rema rkabl e i nfl u ence wi th th e Emp eror Fran c is ,

whom h e accompa ni ed on th e marc h of th e al li ed armi es to Pari s I n 1 8 28 h e .

became Foreign Secreta ry in the Du ke of Well ington s A dmi ni stration ’

.

Serious , refined , sincere, unselfish, Lord A berdeen h ad nei ther th e tas tes nor
th e aptitu des of a popu lar lea der B u t his cha racter, in whatever c i rcl e h e was
.

moving, enf orced res pect Connected in early li f e with th e High Tory pa rty, h e
.

af ter wards m arched bo ldly wi th ref or m , ac cepted f rankly th e great cons ti tu ti ona l
172 HAR R OW SCHOOL
h ges of 1 8 32 , supported Peel throu gh the f a mous meas ures which broke u p his
c an

party, and, a f te r Peel s death , beca me th e u nfli nchi ng champion of religious tolera
’

ti on, fl e e Trad e, an d peace I n S ir R Peel s firs t Mi n i stry, 1 8 3 4, Lord A berd een

’
. .

was Secreta ry f or W ar an d C olon i es ; in Pee l s secon d Mi nistry,h e h ad th e Foreign

’

Of fice On th e f all of Lo rd Derby s Government, in December 1 8 52 , Lord

’
.

A berdeen b eca m e Premier W hile h e was f orm ing his Ca bi net, h e cal led on Lord
.

Palmerston with th e off er of th e A dmi ra lty Th e two ol d school f ell ows met with
.
-

c ordiali ty ,and ta lked o ver their li f e at H arro w si xty yea rs bef ore Pal merston was .

a ppo in ted to th e H o m e O ffice I t was th e most brilli an t Govern m ent s i nce Lo rd

.

Grenvill e s All th e Talents Mi ni stry in 1 8 0 6 The war with R us si a was its doom
’
. .

Lo rd A berdeen s k nown rep ugnance to war , his f ri endship wi th the Czar Nicholas ,
’

”
and th e Qua k eri sm of th e Peace at any pri ce Party , l ed to th e belief that war on
England s part was imposs ible Tha t illusi on was soon dispelled ; b ut f orty years
’
.

o f peace h ad ren d ered th e organ i sat i on of th e E ngli s h army obso lete and in effic ient .

A winter bef ore Sebas topo l bro ught its shortcomings to light Nat iona l i nd ignation .

drove the Mi nistry f rom of fice A berd een made way f or a Minister, the thorough
ness of wh ose war po li cy was not o pen to s u spi ci on Bu t Lord A berdeen s rare gif ts
’
-
.

an d q u a li ti es tran scend th e acc idents of pop u lar di s pleas u re H is mental ca l mness,

.

whic h, as M r Gla dstone has testi fied , n o storm o f indignati on cou ld disturb, his
.

love o f exac t j usti ce, his th or ou gh to lerati on,th e a bs ence of su spi cion,an u nstu died
oratory , whi ch , nevertheles s, by an oc cas i ona l phras e brief u tterances , con veying
th e sens e o f th e m t
a ter
”
— crea ted an ex tra ordi n ary impress i on on hi s hea rers , ga ve

him a grea t posi ti on in th e high poli ti cs of h is day, an d pl ace him a mong th e

states men of who m h is co untry a nd his s choo l will l ong c heri sh a resp ect f u l an d

af f ec ti ona te re membran ce .

Lord A berd een was bou nd to Harro w by another tie I n 1 8 23 , havi ng become .

th e occu pan t o f Bent ley Pri ory , in th e im medi ate n eighbour hood of H arro w, h e
was elected a Governor of th e sc hoo l , a post whi ch h e retai n ed even while h e held
office, many G overnors m eeti ngs ta ki ng pl ace a t A rgyll H ou se
’
.

To Dr George B u tler s reign bel ong th e nam es of several boys desti ned to
’
.

occ u py a di s ti ngu ishe d par t in th e poli ti ca l hi story o f thei r cou n try Henry Lytton .

Earle Bu lwer, af terwards Lord Dalling an d Bu l wer, came to Harrow in 1 8 1 5 At .

Cambri dge h e beca me th e i ntimate f riend of A lexander Coc kb u m , su bsequ ently

Chief Ju sti ce H e began pu bli c li f e on th e ou tbrea k of the Gree k R evo lu ti on, by
-
.

ta ki ng out on beh a l f of th e G reek C ommi ttee in London , to th e

insurgents Aflzer some years o f milita ry lif e, h e entered Parliament as a Rad i ca l
.

ref o rmer . H e next en tered dipl omac y , a nd was employed in vari ous importa nt
posi ti ons at Consta nti nople, Pari s, Madri d, and Was hington, in which cap ita l his
persona l pop ulari ty was great A t the c lose of the Cri mean W ar h e was chosen
.

to su cceed Lord S tratf ord d e Re dc l i ff e as A mbassad or Extrao rdi nary to th e Por te .

I n 1 8 68 h e returned to po li ti cs , and sa t f or Ta m worth H is brilliant speec hes ,

.

high bred manners , h is c lever poli tica l sketches, and his keen obser vati on, vei led
-

un der an a ir of la ngu id i n di f f erence, m ad e him an observed personage in wha tever

s phere h e m oved .

”
Th e Ca lvert minimus, wh o appea rs in th e school list of 1 8 1 3 , su cceed ed to
174 H AR R O W SCHOOL
dea r — th e pleasures of existence, hea lth,and lif e itself I n India,shattered by war, .

ra pi ne, i n ternec ine stri f e, h is domi na ti ng s pi ri t f ou n d a bou n dless field of a ct ion .

With dyi g ha nd he traced ,on his homeward j ourn ey,a list of tri u mphs tri u mphs
n —
over open f oes or t h e s il ent an tagon i s m of igno rance an d bar bari sm — s u c h as it h as

se ldo m been th e l ot of m orta l to a c hi eve I f his reign was f o ll o wed by a great con
.

vu l s ion , th e li f e an d dea th s tr uggle whi c h its su ppre ss i on i n vo l ved was , it m ust b e

- -

rem embered , largely d ue to th e negl ect of precau ti ons u pon th e neces s i ty of whi ch

h e h ad solemn ly ins i sted Th e experience of that cri s i s revea l ed u nsus pec ted
.

dangers and def ects in ou r ad ministrative system ; b ut Dal h ous ie s genius , devotion ’

to du ty , and ca pac ity f or ru le m us t, whil e th e Bri t i sh E mpi re end ures, sec ure him a
f ore m ost place am ong th e grea t pu bli c ser van ts , wh o are remembered f or their
invalu able contribu tions to their coun try s grea tness ’
.

A j oyless home and th e mis eries of a c rue l sc hoo l h ad given As hley s you th a
’

so mbre h u e . The counse ls of a pi o us ser vant had su nk d ee p in a congeni a l soil .

I n 1 8 1 3 h e was sent to Ha rrow, where pleasa nt loca l su rroundings and compani on

s hip reli eved h is melanch oly by a gay er m ood —
One da y as , near ly seventy years
.

later, h e told the ta le— h e ca me u pon a shocking scene of profligacy and degradati on .

A pa rty o f dru nk en bea rers were ca rryi ng a pau per s coffin to the gra ve with
’

bruta l a nd ribald indecency H orrified at th e sight, you ng A shley resolved

.

t m k t
o a e h e cause o f th e poor h is o wn 1
.
—
Many mi l lions of suf ere rs f ac tory
f
wom en an d children, agricu ltu ra l l a bou rers, c him ney sweeps , cos ter m ongers ,
”
fl ower gir ls , th e f a therl ess and h e tha t h ad none to help h im, h e
-
wh o was
”
ready to per i s h in th e fierce struggl e of mod ern li f e, h e wh o h ad f a llen in
t h e race , h e w h o h ad been o erta ken by mi sf ortu ne or h ad l psed i nto cr i me
v a —a ll

had reason to bl ess that pi o us reso lu ti on England had emerged f rom the grea t
.

Continenta l war , tr iu mphant i ndeed , b u t bearing in every pa rt of her soc ial system
th e mar ks of th e sacri fice whi ch that dreadf u l co nfli ct h ad enta il ed There had .

been no time to ca re f or the wrongs of individ uals or c las ses while na ti onal existence
was at sta k e With peace ca me the discovery that mu ch was terribly amiss ,
.

that th e maladies of th e bo dy pol i tic were deep sea ted , wide spre ad ing, di sa strous
- - -

to great secti ons of th e commu ni ty A manu f ac tu ri ng system h ad sprung in to

.

exi stence , wi thout a s i ngle p recauti on f or th e w ell bei ng of th e hu man u ni ts , wh ose -

necess i ti es rendered them def encel ess aga ins t compet i ti on , oppress i on or greed In .

th e mi nes there were sc enes of degrad ation a l most too shoc ki ng f or beli ef I n th e .

fields gan gs of unsexed women were worki ng l ik e bru te beas ts I n th e f actori es , .

children were con dem ned to a s l avery to whi ch th e ki n d ly ha n d of Dea th too o f ten

cam e as a reli ef The la ws were cruelly severe

. Prisons, poor hou ses , lunatic .
-

as yl u m s, al l were at a level whi c h, so soon as it was real i sed , stru c k th e nat i onal

c onsci ence wi th ho rror Many noble natures ,fired with th e enthu sias m of hu manity,
.

devoted themsel ves to th e tas k, of ten weari some and u npopul ar, of ref orm, remedy,
or a lle vi a ti on . Foremos t among them ,alike f or wid e scope of benevolence,un tiring
ass idu i ty, and u n qu enc ha ble zea l , sta nds th e honoured na m e o f S h a f oes b u r
’
y I n .

th e D uke of Well ington s Mi ni st ry in 1 8 28 h e accepted a seat on th e Board of

’

Control, b u t no su bsequent of f er ever tempted h im f rom excl usi ve devoti on to his

1
Am u ral t bl t e ntly
a t d n
e , r ce th e S h
erec e l g t , mm m t thi in ident
ea r c oo -
a es co e ora es s c .
 STA TESME N OF H AR R OW SCHOOL 175

se lf imposed tas k of benevolence I n 1 8 8 2 an ac cident thre w into his hands th e

-
.

conduct of a Bill f or shor ten i ng th e hours of la bo ur in f ac tori es, an d f ro m t hat date

on ward till h is dea th Lord S h af tes b ur s thou ghts and strength were d evoted to
’

y
one sch em e or an other f or i mpro vi ng th e condi ti on of th e la bour i ng poor As k ed .

on one occas i on, Wh en h e m ean t to stop ? h e answered, Never, so long as any

”
portion of th is mighty evil remains to b e removed S uch an announcement was .

re ard ed as a dec lara ti on of war by al l wh o im a i ned thei r i nteres ts en dangered by

g g
State interf erence between employers and employed For years th e theories of .

econo mi sts ,th e a larms of ca pi ta lists — sel fish ness ,ignorance,and indifleren ce — ofl ered
' '

a barr ier to th e progress o f ref orm Bu t n either disappoi ntment, nor difficu l ty,nor
.

domesti c sorrow, nor th e enf eeblement of ol d age cou ld ta me Lord Shaf tesb u ry s ’

”
i ndef atigable energy in a sacred ca use My Lords, the Du ke of Argyll sai d on
.

one oc ca s i on, th e soci al ref orm s of th e l ast half centu ry have n ot been mai nly -

due to the Liberal pa rty They have been due mainl y to th e infl uence, character
.

and perseverance of one man — Lo rd Shaf tes bury ” ’

.

I n the north transep t of Wes tmi nste r A bbey stan ds th e bust of an Harrovian of
this peri od , wh ose care er , f ull of brilliant promise, was prematu rely c losed while yet
in its pri me Charles Bu ller, a j oyous lad, wi th spi ri ts too mercu ri al f or th e staid
.

régime of schoo l li f e, l efl: H arro w in 1 8 2 1 ,an d was f or a time under th e tu torship of

Thomas Carlyle at Edin burgh A f ew years later he was at Ca mbridge, spea king
.

at th e Un i on in deba tes in which Coc kbur n— th e f uture Chief J u st i ce —Macaul ay, -

an d Praed too k pa rt I n 1 8 3 0 h e succeed ed to his f a ther s sea t in Parlia ment,

’
.

supported th e R ef orm Bill , an d voted f or th e su ppress i on of his o wn bo rou h I n

g .

1 8 8 2 h e was elected f or Lis keard, a sea t which h e reta i ned f or th e res t of his lif e .

H e f ormed on e of a grou p of di st i ngu i shed Libera ls — Roebu c k, Mill, Moles worth,

and Grote I n 1 8 3 8 h e went as Chief Secreta ry with Lord Du rham to Canada,and
.

is credited with th e despatc h whi ch made Lo rd Dur ham 8 f ame I n 1 8 4 1 h e became .

Secretary to th e Board of Control,a post which he res igned on Sir R Peel s acce ssion .
’

to of fice .I n 1 8 47 h e was appo inted Chief Poor l a w C ommi ss i oner , and devoted -

hi mself to th e conduct of variou s Bill s f or th e amendment of th e Poor L aw H e .

was of a goodly presence , 6 f eet 3 in ches high, an d a yard in brea dth Carlyle .

described him as th e genia l est Ra d i ca l I ever knew and Bu lwer L t ton a ostro
y p
hi sed him in S t S te hen
’

p p .

F w ll fi h m
are e , ne u orist, fi e
n r reasoner sti ll ,
Li ly L tt ll l
ve as u re , ogica l M il l
as .

Aj eu
p dm posed by C Bu ller and R Monc kton Milnes , af ter wards Lo rd
’
es r it,co . .

H oughton , prof essing to describe a debate in th e French Chamber on a f ancy dres s

ba ll gi ven by th e Q u een , was one of th e li terary s uccesses of its day I t qu i te .

impos ed on S ir James Graham, who went off in a fl urry to consul t S ir R obert Peel .

A nother of C Bu ller s am u s i ng squ ibs was a letter , purporti ng to b e a dd ress ed by

’
.

th e V i ce Chancell or of th e Uni vers i ty of Cambridge to m embers of th e Senate,

-

ur gi ng th em to vo te f or th e a brogati on of th e s ta tu te pa ssed in 1 8 3 6 agai ns t

Hampden Th e dog Latin is excel lent Si sub vertimu s Peel u m, mortu ae cer
.
-

titu dini hab eb imus Joh a nn ul u m H aec es t res non si ngu l o momento contempl anda
. .
1 76 HAR R OW SCHOOL
Necesse est, igitur, u t f ac iamus quodc un qu e vul t Peel us Peel u s vul t pretendere .

”
esse l ibera l is Necesse est igitu r u t nos etia m libera l es esse pretenderemus
. .

Sidn ey H erbert, af ter wards first Lo rd Herbert of Lea,second son of the eleventh
Ear l of Pembroke, is among the memorable Har rovi ans of th is period H e ca me .

to H arrow in 1 8 23 A t Oxf ord , where h e matric u l ated in 1 8 28 , h e s hone at th e

.

Union in debates, in which Gladstone and R ou ndell Pa lmer, af terwards first Ear l
of Se lborne, m ade thei r firs t essay s in p u bli c s peaking H e was returned f or th e
.

Sou thern Divis ion of Wiltshire in th e first ref ormed Parliament, a seat whi ch he
held till h e qu itted the H ouse of Commons Sir R Pee l made him Secreta ry to
. .

th e Bo ard of Contro l in his first A dmi ni strati on Sidney H erbert returned to

.

of fice wi th Peel in 1 8 41 as Se creta ry to th e A dmi ra lty H e was now a strong .

Protectioni st I n 1 8 45 h e beca me Secreta ry at W a r, with a sea t in th e Cabin et

H e f o llo wed Peel in h is conversi on to Fr ee Trade, and def ended hi m warm in the
. .

House I n 1 8 52 h e beca me agai n Sec re ta ry at W ar u nder Lo rd A berdeen, and

.

share d in th e d is comfiture in whi c h th e co ll apse o f th e milita ry a dmi ni strati on

involved M r R oebuck , in bringi ng u p the R eport of his Co mmittee, bore a
. .

generous and well deserved tribute to th e self devoti on and zeal with which Sidney
~ -

Herbert had la bour ed f or th e improvement of the ar my To him must be at .

tr ibu te d th e mi ss i on of Mi ss Nightinga le to th e Crimea, and th e i n i tia ti on of

nu merou s ref orm s wh i ch have in recent tim es i mproved th e so ldiers l ot H e was
’
.

th e m oving spi rit of th e R oya l Co mmi ss i on o n mili tary sa n i ta ti on .

I n Lo rd Pa l mers ton s first A d min istra ti on Si dney H erbert was C ol onial Secre
’

ta ry On Lo rd Pal merston s return to of fice in 1 8 59 , h e re t u rned to h is o l d post of

’
.

Secretary at W ar, and devote d hi msel f to the tas k of reorganis ing th e W ar Of fice,
carryi ng out th e transf er of th e I nd i an ar my to th e Crown , an d th e devel opm ent

of th e Vol un teer m ovem ent By thi s tim e, his u nwearying devoti on to h is official
.

du ties was beginning to tell se vere ly on his hea lth I t was hoped that relief might
.

be f ou nd in th e q u ieter atmosph ere of th e Ho use of Lo rds ; b ut th e relief ca me

too late H is dea th, in 1 8 61 , cl osed a care er whic h, with m u ch ac hi eved, h ad in it
.

th e p ro mi s e of still greater disti nc ti on Fortu ne h ad la vished on him a ll the

.

—
i ngredients of poli ti cal su ccess birth, weal th, abili ty, cu l tivati on, a generous
temper, a rare c ha rm of pers on and manner H e was, as Lord B eac onsfiel d pro
.

nou n ced ,j us t th e man to govern E ngla n d ; an d might have d one so, had h e n ot

sacr i ficed hea l th and li f e to remedyi ng, in his secon d a dmi ni s trat i on of th e W ar

Of fice, th e shortcomi ngs whi ch h e had re al i sed by th e bi tter exper i ence of his first .

M r Gl ads to ne spoke all m en s f eelin gs in sayi ng of him

’
.

l l l
A s weeter or a ove ier gent eman ,
Fra me d d l y
in th e pro iga it of N atu r e,
p h
Th e s ac iou s eart cann ot aga in afl or d .

An other
Har ro vi an of this peri od, wh o played a distinguished part in pu bl ic
lif e, was R ichar d Ch evenix Trench, af terwards Archbi shop of Du bli n H e went to .

”
Harrow in 1 8 1 9 , a grave, gay li ttle person, as his m other des cribed him, wi th
an i ntense f eel ing of wit, hu m our and pl easantr y ; a tota l f re edo m f r om van i ty ,

except, perh ap s, a li tt le on th e s u bj ect o f dress , and a deep l ove of readi ng, or

 17 8 HAR R OW SC HOOL
in th e cause of mperance, and his acti ve exertions in adj usting trade dis pu tes, no
te
less than his theo logi ca l eminence and striking ascetic appearance, made him a great
figure in m odern Engl is h l i f e H e was f oll owed to his grave by m ou rning cro wds
. .

A nother Ha rrow b oy of Dr George Bu tler s time beca me in la ter year s one of

’
.

th e Governors of th e schoo l Thomas H enry S oth eron E stcourt was son of a

.

Gloucestershi re squire, a Tory member of the strictest order, well known du ring
th e first ha l f of th e centur y as an un co mpromisi ng opp onent of every attempt a t
ref or m in po li ti cs or religi on H e entered th e school in 1 8 1 3 ,and was at its hea d in
.

18 19 . I n 1 8 22 h e won a First Class a t Oxf or d a l ong wi th Lord A shl ey, a f t erwards

-

seventh Ear l of Sha f tes bury, and Geo rge H oward , a f ter ward s Ea r l of Car lis le .

H e was in Par liam ent f or many years , b u t inheri ted his f ather s di s l ike of office,
’

and was with dif ficul ty pers ua d ed by Lord D erby in 1 8 5 8 to beco m e Pres ident o f th e

Poor L aw Board In 1 8 59 h e s u cceeded M r Spencer Wa lpole as H ome Secreta ry

. . .

As a Governor, h e did mu ch to grace his of fice H is ch ar m of manner, libera l i ty ,

.

and devoti on to th e sc hoo l ren dered him deser vedly p op u lar An ac compli shed .

c lass i ca l sc h olar, h e pres ided on Govern ors Spee ch d a , wi th dign i ty and su ccess ;
’

y
-

and was a bl e, in ad dress i ng th e s pea ker of th e Con tio , to reca ll th e pl eas u re

he had exper ien ced, as a Sixth For m b oy,in th e compos iti on of a Greek c h ora l od e .

H e l et no day pass , h e us ed to say, wi thou t th e perusa l of so me fine passage f rom

th e c lass i cs .

Dr Char les Th omas Longl ey, th e benign prel ate whom a la ter generation
.

ad mired as a worthy occupant of th e S ee of Ca nterb ury,was H ea dmas ter of H ar row

f rom 1 8 29 to 1 8 3 6 A m ong th e Harro vians of h is day was Frederi c k Ge orge

.

Braba zon Ponsonby, af ter wards sixth Earl of Bes sb orough H is most importa nt .

public service was as Cha i rman of th e f a mous Bessb orough Commission on Irish
rents ,a post f or whic h h is experi en ce as th e successf u l a nd popul ar agent of Lo rd

Fitzwilliam s esta tes at Coolattin had rendere d him exceptional ly qua lified Of the
’
.

ser vi ces , whic h earned him th e eterna l grati tu de of H ar ro via n c ri c keters, it is f or

others to spea k .A nother ti tle to aff ecti onate rem embrance is th e Sc holarship
which, in 1 8 8 2, h e f ounded f or th e encourage ment of modern stu dies .

Another Harrovian of thi s peri od wh o obtained di stinc ti on in publ i c l if e

was S ir William Gregory H e was at Harrow f rom 1 8 3 1 to 1 8 3 6
. H is tu tor, M r . .

Kennedy,af ter wards H eadmas ter of Shrewsbury, inspi red him with clas s ical tastes,
which were turned to good account I n 1 8 33 Gregory won th e prize f or Latin
.

lyri cs, and in 1 8 35 that f or Latin hexameters, th e Peel Medal , and the John
Lyon s Scholarship These successes l ed inc identall y to th e bequ est of th e Gregory
’
.

Scholarsh ip by his great un cle, R ichard Gregory, a n Harrovian, as also was S ir

-

Will i am s grandf ather William ,who was Under Secreta ry f or Ireland Sir William
’
-
.

Gregory entered the H ouse of Commons as Conservative me m b er f or Dublin,b u t

lost his seat at th e General Election of 1 8 47 , and remained out of Parliament f or
ten years I n 1 8 57 h e was ret urned as a Libera l Conservati ve f or Galway , and
.
-

ac qu i red genera l p op u lari ty by h is good spea ki ng and geni al m ann ers I n 1 8 62 .

h e attracted attenti on by a speec h strongly ur gi ng th e Governm ent to recognise th e

Southern States of the A merican Uni on, and declari ng the blockade to b e in
eff ectual and ill egal I t was in reply to th i s argument that M r W E Forster
. . . .
 STATESME N OF H ARR OW SCHOOL 1 79

delivered ma iden speech In 1 8 66 Sir W Gregory rai sed an important debat e

his . .

on th e exempti on of pri vate go od s f rom ca p ture a t sea .

H e was s u bs equ ently returned as l i beral m ember f or Ga l way , a seat whi ch h e

retai ned till 1 8 7 2 , wh en he was a ppoi nted G overnor of C eylon Here h e spee dily
.

ma de h is a bili ty and energy f elt,restoring th e ru i ned temples of th e Ka ndian kings ,

a nd ex tend ing i rrigati on by th e re a i r of th e reser voirs on whi ch th e a gri cu lt ure
p
of m a ny pa r ts of th e is l an ds depends H e was a f am iliar figure a t th e A th enaau m
.

an d other ha u nts of ligh t a nd l earni ng, where Layard , Ki nglak e, H ay ward, and

other ki n dred spi ri ts we lc o med him to an agreeable an d cu lti va ted coteri e .

To this per i od be longs an Harrovi an A ttorney General , S ir John Burgess-

Kersla ke, wh o was at Harrow f rom 1 8 3 0 to 1 8 3 6 H e j oined th e Western Circu i t,

.

and beca me thencef orth a f ormidable r i va l of Lo rd Coler idge at ea ch s ta ge of h is

I n 1 8 61 h e beca me a Q ueen s Counsel,a nd in 1 8 66 was appoi nte d Soli ci tor

’
ca reer .

Genera l , b ut had no seat till the f oll owing year, when, having meantime been
prom oted to be A ttorney Genera l, h e was returned f or An dover H e retai ned h is
-
.

o f fice an d sea t till th e f a ll of th e C onser vati ve Min i st ry a t th e c l ose of 1 8 68 In a .

political contest wi th S ir John Duke C oleridge f or Exeter he was def eate d H e .

resu m ed of fice in M r Di srae li s A dmi n i strati o n of 1 8 7 4 , b u t was co mpell ed in th e

’
.

f oll owi ng year by f ailing eyes ight to a bandon Parlia men ta ry li f e H e was a mu ch
.

a dmi red ad voca te a t th e Ba r, and ac qu i re d no m ean rep u tati on as a debater in th e

H ouse of Co mmons Th e intellectua l a nd bodily strai n, however, of a successf u l

.

prof ess ional care er had been too grea t even f or his splendid phys iqu e, and his over
ta xed hea l th co mpl etely gave way H is brother Ed ward, wh o was at H arrow at the
.

sam e tim e,was on e of th e fines t sc holars tha t th e school has ever pro du ced h e won
th e I re lan d and Eldon Scho larships ,and becam e a Fellow of Ba lli ol H e represented
.

Co lchester in 1 8 67 68 -
.

Thomas Hope, scion of a weal thy hou se of Amsterda m merchants, and

distinguished in his generation as own er of Deepdene,was a magnificent Ar t pa tron,
a nd th e au th or of Ana s tas ius , a novel whi ch ear ned the prai se of Sydney S mi th and

th e envy of Byron H is thir d son, A lexander Ja m es Beresf ord H ope, was sent in
.
-

1 8 3 3 to H arrow, where h e ac qu ir ed disti ncti on , wi nning a sch o larship and the Pee l
Meda l in 1 8 3 7 Further honours attended him at D inity College, Cambridge,
.
' '

where h e obtai ned prizes f or Lati n decla mati on and Lati n verse H e entered .

Parlia ment in 1 8 41 , and in 1 8 68 he beca me the representati ve of Cambridge

Uni vers ity, a post which he re tained till his dea th in 1 8 8 7 An independent .

Conser vati ve in poli tics , an u nflinchi ng champion of th e Church, he used th e rich

man s privilege of pour ing ou t money wi th a lavis h hand in su pport of the cau se h e
’

loved H e built a spl en did church in Lo ndon, and converted th e ancient bu ildi ngs
.

of S t A ugusti ne s A bbey at Canterb ury i nto a mi ss i onary coll e e e M om m

’
.
g I n th .
g
Chr onicle h e f ou nd a costly i nstrum en t of propagandis m , b u t su cceeded in 1 8 55 in
establi shing a j ournal , The S a tur d a R v i w whi h f m y i d
y e e , c or so e ea rs ex erc se a

marked i nfluence on th e class whi ch it ad dressed I n 1 8 3 8 h e f ounded a pri ze at

.

H arrow f or th e best translati on into Greek prose I n replying at th e Tercentenary

.

”
Festi val to Ar chbishop Tre nch s toast, Ou r Benef actors, M r Beresf ord Hope
’
.

ca l l ed attenti on to th e large extent to whi ch th e weal th of Harro w in pri zes and

180 HAR R OW SCHOOL
f oundati ons was du e to th e generos ity of id that Baron Hea th,recent i
t mes, and sa

one of th e guests of th e da , had been at H arrow when n ot a s i ngle pri ze was

y
known or thought of M r Bere sf ord Hope was made a Pr ivy Cou ncillor in 1 8 8 5
. .
- .

S ir Thomas Franci s Wade, one of th e m os t delightf u l , f resh mi nded, and -

”
loyal of Harrovi ans, came to H arro w in 1 8 3 2 Five years later h e gradua ted at .

Trini ty College, Cambridge Th e son of a distingu i shed Penin sul ar soldier, he

.

began lif e as a soldier, and remained a thorough s oldier, as well as sc holar and
diplomatist, to the end H is knowled ge of Chinese l ed to his employment in
.

vari ous ca paciti es in Chi na H e was a ttached as i nterpreter to th e Ea rl of Elgin s

’
.

miss ion in 1 8 57 59 , the H on F Bruce s mission in 1 8 59 , and ac companied Lord

-
. .
’

Elgin s mission to Pekin in 1 8 60 H e su bsequently beca me Cha rge d Af aires at

’
.
’

that ca pital , 1 8 64 65 and 1 8 69 7 1 , and in 1 8 7 1 8 2 was Envoy Ex traordi nar y and

- - -

Ministe r Plenipotentiary On re tiring f rom officia l lif e, h e was appo inted

.

Prof essor of Chinese at Cambridge H e had been one of Harry Drury s pu pils ,.
’

”
and was to th e l as t a devoted H ar rovi an I never, he to ld a f ri end, pass Harrow
.

”
in th e trai n wi tho ut taki ng my ha t off .

An other of Dr Lo ngley s p u pils was R obert Peel , e ldes t son of th e grea t S ir

’
.

R obert H e su cceeded his f ather as third Baronet in 1 8 50

. H e ca m e to Har ro w in .

1 8 3 5,and played in th e El even in 1 8 3 8 Fro m Harrow h e passed to Christ Chu rch ,

.

af ter which h e entered th e d ipl oma ti c ser vic e, an d served a t Mad rid and Ber ne .

H e re presented Tam worth 1 8 50 8 0 , H untingd on in 1 8 8 4 , and Bl ac kb ur n in 1 8 8 5

- .

H is imposi ng pers ona li ty, magnificent voi ce, and in nate f acu l ty of ready and
f orc ible speec h , together wi th th e p restige of an ill u stri ou s na me,seemed to promi se
grea ter parliamenta ry s uccess than h e u ltimately ac hi eved H e was a Lord of .

th e A dmira lty in 1 8 5 3 57 , and Chief Sec retary f or Ire lan d in 1 8 61 65

- -
.

I n 1 8 4 1 , u n der the hea dm as tersh ip of Dr Ch ri stopher Words worth , there ca m e .

to H arrow a very gi f ted b oy, whose rare pro mi se was u nhappily prevented by
f ai li ng hea lth an d too ear ly dea th f ro m achi evi ng th e f u l film ent f or whic h his
contemporari es h oped .Ju lian Fane was a man of many gi f ts ; a poet, a wit, a
m us ician, splendidl y handsome, and a charmi ng m ember of society Fro m his .

mother, a l ovely and richl y endowed woman, Priscilla Welles ley, daughter of th e
-

thir d Earl of Morni ngt on , h e inh eri te d th e f asc i nati on whi ch h e ex ercise d on al l
wh o ca me wi thi n his reac h H is devoti on to h er rema i ned th roughou t li f e one
.

of its const rain i ng i nfluences H is f ath er , Lord Burgh ersh , afl erward s el eventh
.

Earl of Westmore land, hi mse lf a lso an Harrovi an ,served on S ir Arth ur VVell esl ey s ’

staff in th e Pen i ns u l ar war, was in 1 8 1 4 a ppo i nted Bri ti s h Mi ni ster to th e Gran d

Duke of Tuscany, and in 1 8 44 was Mini ster at Berlin H ere Ju lian Fane j oined .

him . H e f oun d at th e Legati on a highly cu l ti vated c i rcl e — Felix Mendel ssohn -

—
and Meyer beer a m ongst o thers , and in th ese c o ngeni a l s urro u n di ngs h e rem ai ned

f or five years . I n 1 8 47 h e went to Cambridge, where h e was a m ember of th e

soc i ety k nown as Th e A postles a nd in 1 8 50 won th e Chan cell or s Meda l f or
’

Engli sh verse, with a monody on the death of Qu een A delaide, in imi tati on of
Milton s I g cid as
’
.

I n 1 8 51 Ju lian Fane beca me a ttaché at Vien na There, a mid th e pleas ures of .

soci ety , h e f oun d tim e f or li terature, an d in 1 8 55 an arti cl e by h im on H ei nri c h

 182 HAR ROW SCHOOL
An other promise, premature ly closed , was that of the H on Edward
career of .

Stanhope, son of th e f ifih Earl Stanhope, who was a t Harrow f rom 1 8 52 to 1 8 59 .

H e pl ayed in th e Eleven in 1 8 59 A t Oxf ord, in 1 8 62 , h e becam e a Fellow of

.

A l l Sou ls H e ente re d th e H ouse of Comm ons as member f or Wes t Li ncol nshire

.

in 1 8 7 4, and represented th e H om castl e Di vis i on 1 8 8 5 9 3 I n 1 8 7 5 h e was ap -

.

pointed Parliam entary Secreta ry to the Board of Trad e, and in 1 8 7 8 , Secretary of

State f or Ind ia I n 1 8 8 5 h e beca me Vice Pres ident of the C ouncil , and President
.
-

of th e Board of Trad e H e was a ppo inted Secreta ry f or W ar in Lord Sal is bury s

’
.

second Min i stry ( 1 8 8 6 9 2 ) in su ccess i on to M r Willi a m H enry Smith

-
.Few .

Harrovians have enj oyed a more general , or a better deserved popul arity A .

singu lar charm of manner m ad e all men s hearts h is o wn , and th e ma nner bes po ke
’

—
th e man a worthy schoo l f ellow of Lo rd H er bert of L ea
-
.

Here my tas k ends Of the Harrovians wh o have ta ken a prominent part in

.

poli ti cs and wh o are still, ha ppily, a mongs t us, it mu st b e f or anoth er pen to write .

Th e lis t begins with Earl For tesc ue, wh o was at H arrow u nder Dr Longl ey in .

18 3 1 .Viscount Knu tsf ord s Harro w days date f rom 1 8 3 8 S ir Frederic Peel
’
.

won his f ath er s meda l in 1 8 41 Th e Earl o f H arrowby was am ong th e earlies t

’
.

su bj ects of Dr Va ugha n in 1 8 45 Ear l Cowper beca me an Harrovi an in 1 8 47 ,

. .

Earl Spencer in 1 8 48 , A nthony Evelyn As hley in 1 8 50 , George Otto Trevelyan and

William H ar t Dyke in 1 8 51 , H Chapl i n in 1 8 54 Matthew White R idl ey,
. .

wh o was head of th e sc hoo l in 1 8 60 62 , end ed his H ar ro w career u n der Dr H M

-
. . .

Bu tler,as did Lord George Ham ilton, wh o lef t in 1 8 65 George Erskine R u ssell, .

twi ce a pri ze wi nner f or En glish essa y and Lati n epigram ,went to H arrow in 1 8 68 ,
-

as did Wal ter H u m e Lo ng ; Ea rl Cre we, y ou ngest of H ar ro vi an po li ti ci ans,be l ongs

to th e year 1 8 7 0 To him, as to al l , every H ar ro vi an will breathe a hearty mue te

.

eeto vir tu te ’ .

Th e ketch— f ragmenta ry and i nadequ ate as its conditions prescribe

f orego ing s

-
may, it is h oped , prove i nteresti ng to Harrovi ans, p as t and present, as exhibi ti ng
in a c on c ise f or m th e pu bli c servi ces of men wh o grew u p u nder th e sa me sys tem,
in th e same l oca l su rrou ndi ngs, wi th th e same customs and ass oc i ati ons as those
amids t whi ch their own school li f e was , or is be i ng, passed Th e achi evements o f .

these di sti nguished men bel ong,in a very speci a l sense ,t o th e com mu ni ty, in whi ch
their boyh ood was sha ped to th e p urposes of af ter li f e, in whi ch its ai m s and -

as i rati ons too k a sol id f orm , and th e h abi ts and tastes , whi ch l ed them to
p
emi nence and u sef u l ness , were engendered or co nfir med Th e f e llo wship of a .

comm on sc hoo l , a comm on pas t, co mm on traditi ons and m em ori es , is an i ns pi ri ng

.
an d stim u l ati ng sentim ent M ay it never cease to i nspi re and sti mu late, to en
.

c ourage to stre nu ous endeavour, to seri ous th ou ght, to t h e su bordi nati on o f ease

and a m usement to higher i nteres ts and pl eas ure s , and to th at bes t and n obl es t

amb iti on whi ch mer es persona l ad vantage in th e ser vi ce of th e S tate and th e

g
well being Of society
-
.

H S CUNN IN GH AM .
 C H A PT E R XV II

H ARR OW M EN OF L E TTE RS

A sc rroor. of an
y iqu i ty , lik e a na ti on, has a c harac ter of its own
ant Th e edu ca
.

tional pri ncipl e as soc iated wi th its origi n, modi fied f rom generation to generation
by the charac ter of its rulers and by infl uences f rom th e larger world ou ts ide,
generall y ru ns as a tradi ti on through th e whole cou rse of its his tory, and lea ves
som e trace of i tsel f in th e mi nds o f th e i ndi vid ual sc ho lars it produce s I i magine
.

that in a sketc h of th e men of letters edu ca ted at H arro w, what is wanted is less an
es ti mate of th ei r li terary m eri ts , as su ch, than a view of their li terary re lation to

I n th e eighteenth century,the peri od at which Harrow begi ns to have a disti nct

histo ry of its own , all th e grea t pu blic scho ol s in Engl and, starti ng f ro m a c ommon
ed uca ti ona l so urce, h ad pract i ca lly reac hed a sta e of devel opm en t whic h is de
g
”
scr ibed in Gibbon s Au tobio r a h I ha ll a l ways b e re ady, says th e h i stori an,
’

g p y. s

to j oi n in th e comm on o pi n i on that ou r pu blic sch ools , which ha ve prod u ced

man y emi nent characters,are the bes t ad apte d to the geni u s and consti tu ti on of th e
English peopl e A b oy of spirit may obtai n a previ ous and practical experience of
.

th e world ; and h is pl ayf ell ows may b e th e f u tu re f ri ends of his heart or his interes t .

I n a f ree i ntercourse wi th h is eq u als the habi ts of tru th , f orti tu de, and pru dence
wi l l insensibly b e matured Bi rth and riches are meas ured by th e sta ndard of
.

personal merit ; and the mimic scene of a re bel li on has di splayed in th eir true
co l ours th e mi ni sters and p atri ots o f a r is i ng generati on . Ou r semi na ri es of l earn
ing do not exactly correspon d with th e precept o f a Spartan king,that th e child
sh ou ld b e i ns tructed in th e arts whi ch wi l l b e usef u l to th e man ; s i nce a fini shed

s cholar ma em erge f rom th e head of Wes tmi nster or E ton in total ignorance of
y
th e busi ness and conversati on of Engli sh ge ntl emen in th e la tte r end of th e
e ighteenth century B ut th ese sch ool s may as s u me th e meri t of te achi ng al l that
.

they preten d to teach ; th ey depos i t in th e hands of a di sciple th e keys of two

va luab le chests , n or ca n we compl ain if they are af terwar ds l ost or negl ec te d b
y
”
his own f au lt .

A li ttle sta te wi t hi n a s ta te, the young c i tizen of which was to receive a m oral
and u as i po li ti ca l tra i ni ng in a soc i ety re flect i ng th e manners of th e larger wor ld,
q
-

and an in tell ectua l trai ni ng based o n th e stu dy of th e Gre e k an d Latin cl ass i cs ; suc h

was th e edu cati ona l id ea l of the eighteenth century,and in no Englis h sch oo l was it
18 4 H ARR OW SCHOOL
m ore enthus ias tically ad opted than at Har row From 1 7 46,the date of th e appoint
.

ment of Dr Thac keray, till 1 8 0 5, the year of the acces s ion of Dr George Bu tler,
. .

th e Whig pri nciple may b e sa id to have determi ned th e c harac ter of th e sc hoo l .

Th e head mas ters, wi th zea l and a rdour, ind octr inated th e boys in th e theory of
cons ti tu ti ona l liberty , an d in th e spir i t of th e Greek and Lati n orators a nd poets .

”
Su mner,above a ll the rest,sought to embody these ideas in acti on . H e p ossessed ,
sa ys his f amous pu pil , S ir Willi a m Jones , a ll th e at ua li ti es of an orator,
gre q
if not in their f ul l perf ecti on , yet in a very high degree . H is voi ce was po werf u l
and mel odi ou s , h is styl e was p o li shed , h is wit S p ortive, his m em ory wonderq
y
retent i ve . H is eye, his look , his acti on, were not th ose of an ordinary spea k er, b u t
rather those of a nother Demosthenes .
”
W e ca n imagi ne what th e stu dy of th e
anci ent orators and p oets mus t h ave been u nder a man like this , and h ow h e m us t

have arou sed th e ardent genius of his pupils at th eir most impress i ona ble age .

W e may a lso i nf er that dis c ipl i ne in those ages was a word not to b e understood in
th e modern sense . Th e grave bi ographer of Dr Parr inf or ms us t hat th e demo
.

cra ti c sp iri t was rif e a t H ar row un der Su mner . No won der . Concei ve th e hea d
mas ter wi th h is assistants rushi ng u p to Lo ndon af ter school hours to spend a
con vi vi a l night in th e h ouse of Hen ry Fieldi ng ; rus hing bac k agai n in th e m orn i ng

to decl aim to his pu pils a pas sage f rom th e De Cor ona th e boy s al ternately ad ori ng
and rebelli ng aga inst their teac hers ; d i cta ti ng to th e G overnors th ei r c ho i ce of a

ru ler ; seceding to S ta nm ore when thei r representa ti ons were di sr egarded ; pla f ul ly
y
brea king each other s heads with stout blu dgeo ns ; or, ar med wi th gun s and pistol s,
’

engagi g n in h roi c co bat ith tr ibes of the nati e barbarians these and similar
e m w v —
events , recorded by th e f ai thf u l hi stori an , s uggest to th e reflect i ve mi nd th at, as a

nursery of learni ng, H ar ro w in th e l as t century m u s t ha ve been a plac e of s i ngu lar

vi vac i ty
. W e mu st admi t that it was open to th e censur es pas sed on such i nsti tu ti ons
by Co wper in his Tir ociniu m I t was not th e school f or th e ti mid ; the deli ca te,th e
.

sensi ti ve wi th ered in th e severe c li mate ; b u t th e fittest,wh o sur vi ved ,emer ed f rom

g
”
th e ord ea l with strong brains and c harac ters . Bryan Procter Barry Cornwal l )
gives an i nteresting sketch o f its component elem ents in the early yea rs of this
century . I t was very large, and comprehended a grea t variety of boy s . A par t
f rom their m ere m oral and phys ica l di stincti on s, whi ch of course were nu merous ,
they ca me to u s f r om al l plac es and ran ks in l if e . Some f r om anc ient heights
( l ordly , eve n d u ca l ) , so me f rom a
g ri c u l tu ral emi n en ces— c o u nt y f a mili es , o r h u mbl er

gentry ; and a f ew were of the plebeian order f rom th e plai n These last, never .

th el ess , were qu i te ca pable of m ai n tai ni ng their equa lity (f or al l boys are pre
”
su mp ti vely ou a l evel ) with th ose wh o were soc i a lly a bove them . Ou t of this
fiery and tu rbu lent repu bli c arose ru l ers of men, scho lars, wi ts, and poets . Th e
grea t rac e of H arrovian Prime Mi nisters , th e Peels and th e Pal merstons, were the
intellectua l of f spring of th e school in th e reign of Joseph Drury ; while, f or men of
letters, it wou ld be dif ficult to produ ce more brilliant and characteristi c typ es of
geni us than are indicate d by th e names of Jones, Par r, Sheridan , Byron, and
Theodore H ook .

S ir Will i am Jones ( 1 7 46 th e prin ce of ori enta l scholars , seems to h ave

entered heart and sou l i nto th e li f e of th e sc h oo l and th e s pi ri t o f c lass i ca l s tu dy .
18 6 H ARR OW SCHOOL
Ari staanetua—a ymptom of th e decadence of th e c lassica l spiri t in English Litera
s

ture — — —
b u t a lso f ell in l ove a n early exa mple of th e ri s i ng romantic sp i ri t with
th e beau ti f u l and f asc i nati ng S ophi a Lin ley H al h ed did not conceal hi s f eeli ngs,.

b u t Sheridan was silent, and th e oth er discovered too late that h is mistress s
’

af f ect i ons were gi ven to h is f r i end Th e las t of h is trans l ati ons f rom A ristaanetu s
.

contai ns som e ori i na l verses on th e su bj ect whi c h are i nsp ired by rea l f eel i ng
g

My l if e h as l h tf tlf i
ost its ai m t a a a a r

W ll it
as a bj t, l l it h p
s o ec a s o e or car e.

Sh w th g l t wh i h my
e as e oa w b o c c ou rs e as ent,

WVh y wi h wh
er e ever y th ght w
s , ere ever ou as s ent ;
A t i fl
s ec r e d t d f mh y ,
n u en ce ar e ro er e es

E h l k tt ti
ac oo a d h raclf th p i on , an ers e e r ze .

C n nt d th I li d f h l ;
o ce re er e, ve or er a one

T m k h
o a gled , d
er t b bl t
a, w an o e es as on e.

Adieu , my f ri en d nor bl a h
me t is sad a di eu ,

Th ghou sorr o w gu i d es my pen it l ames b n ot yo u.

F gtm
or e e, — t is my
’

p ra y er , n or see kt ko n ow

h
Th e f ate of h im w ose portion mu st b e woe ;
ll
Ti th e c old eart outstretc h er f rienh ar ms , h dly
D h
And ea t c onvinc e me t at h e ca n ave c arms h h h .

Af ter disappointment H alh ed l efl: England, and entered the servi ce of th e

Eas t India Company in Bengal While at Oxf ord, at th e i nstiga ti on of his f ormer
.

sch oo l f ell o w,S ir Willi am Jones ,h e h ad stu di ed A rabi c, and , dur i ng his res iden ce in
-

India, added to th e phil ol ogical repu tati on of h is ol d school by pu blis hi ng th e first

B eng al i Gr a mmar H e a l so, at th e su ggestion o f Warren H asti ngs , trans l ated the
.

Gentoo Code, a diges t of Sa ns kri t l a w books ; an d was th e first to ca ll attention to

-

th e af fini ty between San skr i t word s and th ose o f Pers i an , A rabic , and even of
”
Lati n and Greek .

R i chard Bri nsl ey Sheridan ( 1 7 51 1 8 1 6) was not equ a ll y di stingu i shed as a c las s i ca l
-

scho l ar . Parr descri bes him as an idle b oy, though one whose ability was generally
”
recogn i sed by h is m asters and sch ool f e ll o ws I n th e l atter peri od of his lif e, h e
-
.

say s, R i ch ard did n ot cas t be hi nd h im h is c l ass i cal read i ng H e spoke copi ou sly an d .

powerf ully abou t Cicero H e had rea d and h e h ad understood th e f our orations of
.

”
Demosthenes,rea d and ta ught in ou r pu bli c sc hoo ls B u t th e spiri t an d c haracter .

of th e Lati n and Gree k au th ors never infl uenced Sheridan s tas t e in oratory as it
’

i nflu enced that of Pitt, Fox, and Canni ng H is style of speaki ng was fl orid and .

A si ati c ; and perhaps h e never qu i te got th e better of his ad mirati on f or th e tri ck s

of Ari s taenetu s . Yet H ar row may su rely cl aim its f ull share in th e nurture of his
dramatic geniu s H e was devoted to th e plac e, and af ter his marriage wi th Miss
.

”
Linley came bac k to live at The Grove Something of the delightf ul wit in .

h is comedies mus t have been th e re flec ti on of th e h igh spiri ts , th e f un , th e s oc i al

complicati ons , and th e exhibi ti ons o f char acter, which m ad e u t h e ethica l atmo
p
sphere of sc hool l if e u n der Su m ner Parr tel ls us that, while at Harrow, Sheri dan
.

was a grea t read er of Engli sh poetry , whi ch, together with his experi en ce of th e
 F a c ing f a g: 1 86
.

FA cs rm nr-z or A N OT E BY B YR O N m ri xs C
or r or TH E

l ’
ru rrs a u A .
 H ARR OW SCHOOL
Suc h bl
hy t h id
u e as th e a met s es

I th d pth f h n b t;e e s o er reas

And th —in th b m f bus ty e oso o eau

H i k t hi t e s n s o s r es .

Proc ter describes himself as no very apt scholar, and he was apparently little
af f ec ted by th e li f e of th e sc hool H is re coll ec ti on of Byron as a sch oo lboy is in
.

teres ting .H e say s : I h ad not seen him si nce abou t 1 8 00 , when he was a scholar
in Dr Dru ry s house, with an iron cramp on one of his f eet, wi th l oose cord uroy
’
.

”
trousers , plenti f ully relieved by ink, and wi th finger na il s bitten to the qu i c k -
.

Theo dore H ook also makes mention of Byron at school H e says that, on his .

o w n arriv a l, th e poet persuaded him q u ite in th e spiri t of the time to th row a

- — ,

stone at th e wi nd ow of a room where an elder ly lady was dress i ng Byron af ter .

wards satiri sed his ol d school f ell o w in E ng lish B ar ds and S cotch Reviewers,and th e
-

other reta l i a ted by a sa vage attac k on Don Jua n in John B ul l H oo k, evidentl y .

ref erri ng to his o wn experi ence in his novel Gilber t Gu r ne ,say s My sc hoo l li f e was
y :

not a ha ppy one I was idle and ca reless of my tas ks I had no aptitude f or learning
. .

languages I ha te d Greek ,and absolu tely sh uddered at H ebrew I f anc ied myself
.
1
.

a ge n i us , and anyt hi ng tha t c oul d be d on e in a h u rry a nd wi th li ttle trou ble I did

”
tolerably well b u t a pplica ti on I ha d n ot Th e Luc ian Gay of Coning s by and
.

th e Wagg of Vanity F air developed in h is own f ashi on H e had no poetic .

”
i nvention Gi ve me a story to tell, h e said of hi msel f , and I ca n tell it, b ut I
.

”
ca nnot cre a te Yet h e ha d a vas t vi ta li ty, and th e ra pidi ty of h is improvi sati ons,
.

th e vigour of h is lampoons,an d th e u nscr u pu l ou sness of his p ract i ca l j okes , per haps

refl ec t so m ethi ng of th e l a wl ess nes s of th e H arro w sa tum al ia in th e early y ea rs of

th e n in eteenth cen tury .

Th e ro ll of men of letters ed uca ted at H arrow du ri ng thi s period of th e schoo l s

’

hi s tory may b e fitl y c losed wi th the name of another novelist,wh o partook , in some
degree , al ike of th e Oriental learn ing of S ir William Jones and the ani mal spi rits of
Theodore H ook James Morier (born ab ou t 1 7 8 0 ,died in
. h ad f r om his child
hood been connected wi th th e East (h e was th e secon d son of Isaac Morier, Consu l
Ge nera l of th e Levant C ompany at C onstanti nople), and af ter th e compl eti on of
his edu ca ti on seems to ha ve rej oi n ed his f a mily in those parts In 1 8 1 2 he .

pu blished A Jour ney thr oug h P ersia ,Ar men ia , and Asia M inor to Cons ta ntinop le
the y ea r s 1 8 0 8 and 1 8 0 9 , gi vi ng an a cc ou n t of regi ons then a lm os t un known to
Europeans I n 1 8 1 0 he was made Secretary to S ir Gore Ouseley, A mbass ad or to
.

Persia,and remai ned in that ca pacity at Teheran till 1 8 1 5 Th e f ruits of h is stu dy .

of Or i ental m a nners will a l ways s ur vi ve in h is Ad ven tu res o i aba o f p a ha n ,

'

f q j B I s

published in 1 8 24 In this delightf u l work th e hu mour of Smoll ett is combined

.

with th e gra ve decoru m of th e Ar ab ia n N ig hts ; and th e beneficial resu lts of

Mori er s classi ca l trai ning at Har ro w are plai nly seen in th e good breeding, the
’
-

na tu ral ness a nd p o li sh of h is s tyl e So vi vid was his sat ire, so lif e like h is repre
.
-

sc u tat i on of m anners , th at th e Pers i an A mbas sa do r is sa id to have co mpl ai ned o f

th e boo k to th e E ngl i s h Govern m ent Those wh o are not acqu ai nted with th is
.

H k m ti n h dly h b d by nyth ing S miti th t h h d t l n t

’
1 on s ca ar ave ee n ar ou se e c a e a o ear
oo s e o a a

H arrow .
 H AR R OW MEN OF LE IT ER S ’
18 9

literary mas terpiece may b e tempte d to rea d it by th e f ollowing ex trac t, whi ch

contai ns , as in a kernel , th e s pi ri t of th e wh ole wo rk
”
H o w is it poss ibl e, sa id I, that a bei ng so ignoran t an d unex peri enced as I
am ca n a t once a tta i n to a l l th e lea rn ing req u i s i te f o r a dervi s h ? I know h ow to
read and wr i te, tis tr ue ; I have gone throu gh th e K or a n , and have my H afiz a nd
’

Saad i nea rly by heart ; bes ides whi ch I have rea d a gre a t part of th e S ha h N ameh
”
of Ferd fis i, b u t bey on d tha t I am tota lly ignorant .

” “
Ah , my f ri end, sa id Dervis h Sef er , li ttl e d o you k now of dervishes, and s til l
less of hu ma n kind I t is not great learning tha t is requ ired to make a dervi sh
.

as surance is the first i n re di ent Wi th one fif tieth part of th e a ccompli s hm ents

g
-
.

t ha t you have m enti oned, and with only a co mm on s har e of eflrontery, I promi se
'

ou th at ou ma co mm and not on ly th e purses,b u t even th e lives of y our hearers

y y y .

By impudence I have been a prophet, by i mpudence I have wrought mi rac les, by

impu dence I have restored th e dying to hea lth,by i mpu dence,in short, I lead a lif e
of grea t ease, an d a m f eared and res pecte d by thos e wh o, lik e ou , d o not k no w
y
wha t dervishes are I f I c hose to give myself th e trou ble,and i ncur th e ri sks which
.

Mah omed hi mself did, I might even now bec ome as great a prophet as h e I t .

wou ld b e as eas y f or me to cu t the moon in two wi th my finger as it was f or him,

provided I once made my hearers have confidence in me ; and impu dence will do
”
that, and m ore, if exerted in a proper manner .

I n th e head mas tership of Dr George Bu tler a new era opens, and th e char acter
.

of H arrovi an men of l etters alters at th e sam e time While th e schoo l is f ar f rom

.

having lost its old moral and i nte ll ectual trad itions, the spirit of li cense has —a t al l
e en ts
v in t e cl os ing y ear s o
h f th e e im — b e n g rea t ly m odi fied Di ipli n
r
g e e . sc e

assu m es a dist in ct f orm ; m an ners are sof ter . Instea d of the battles with bludgeons,
cri cket is begi nn i ng to exerci se its soc ia l in fl uence Th e orato ri ca l declamati ons f ro m
.

th e c lass i cs are replac ed , and th e a mbit ion of th e boys sti mu lated , by prizes of f ered
f or compo s i tions in Latin and Gre ek . Faint glimpses of religi ous instr uction
appear , in anti c ipa ti on of th e time when there wi ll b e a sepa rate sc h oo l cha pel .

Th e latter ha lf of B u tler s re ign covers th e peri od in ou r nat i ona l l i f e between th e

’

battle of Waterloo and Catholi c emanci pation, when th e two movements of

democratic ref orm and eccles ias tica l revival daily acqu ired f re sh f orce ; and his
pu pils had , in their f ul l manhood , to dea l wi th th e new set of social conditi ons
thereby create d . They were well prepared f or it Th e representative men of.

letters edu cated at Harrow duri ng this epoch were f or th e most pa rt divines ,
equal ly di sti n ui shed as s cho l ars and athl etes T h e constant ha bi t of comp os i ng
g .

in L ati n and Gre ek had , of course, a grea t i nfl u ence on their minds ; and Isaac
William s ( 1 8 0 2 the eldest of th e grou p , was so imbu ed with th e c las si ca l
spi ri t that, h e tel ls u s in h is Au to bio r a h , Wh en I h ad to wri te an E ngl i sh
g p y
them e, whi ch was very rare ly, I h ad to tr ans l ate my ideas , which ran in L atin, into
”
Engl ish Bu t h e,like so many of h is emi nent sc hool f ellows,was al s o distinguished
.
-

f or s kill in ga mes , an d th ose wh o f oll o wed in th e next sc hool generati on k ept u p

th e tradi tion . One di sti nc ti on at l eas t wr i tes th e late Dean Meri va le ( 1 8 0 8
I may clai m f or th e Sixth Form game of 1 8 23 24 , in whi ch I took par t myself ,
- -

nam ely , that it compri sed a m ongst its players t wo Archbi shops tha t were to
1 90 HAR R OW SCHOOL
b e, three Bishops , and one Dean,and I venture to chal lenge the cri cketers of any
”
other sc hoo l to pro du ce su ch a li st Of th e cr ick eters ref erre d to,H enry Manning,
.

R i cha rd Tre nch , and Charles Words worth, may a ll b e descr ibed as eccl esiastica l
sta te s m en , while th e two l a tter were certa i nly a lso di sti n gu is hed f or their li terary

g if ts. Bis hop W ords worth ( 1 8 0 6 in his gen ia l Annal s, desc ribes pl eas an tly

his pro wess while at school : As a b oy, I was a grea ter man tha n I ha ve been at
”
an subseq uent peri od of my li f e Th e tra i nin g in Lat in and Greek verse compos i
y .

ti on whi ch h e recei ved bore good f ru i t, as may b e see n in th e m any ad mi rable

specim ens h e has preserved in his R ecolk ctio ns the m ost exqu i site of whi ch is
th e pathetic epi ta ph on his young wi f e, wh o died while h e was ass ista n t mas ter at -

l nimium dil ecta, vocat D eus ; i bon a nostrae

Pars ani ma e maerens di oq i a lt

era
-
s cs s u .

Th e l ate Bish op of St A ndre ws h ad a figh t wi th his sc hool f ell ow, R i chard

.
-

Ch enevix Trench , over a ga me of qu oi t W ho woul d ha ve su pposed , says

s .
”

Words worth, that su ch an encou nter wou ld ever have ta ken place between th e
f uture sed ate and a miable Ar chbi shop , and th e f uture advoca te of reconcili ati on
”
amon
g Ch r i sti ans ? Trenc h ( 1 8 0 7 a c harming thou gh not an origi nal poet,

owed m ost of th e taste and re finement whi ch c haracterise equa lly h is verse
compos i ti ons and h is S tudy o f W or ds to th e c l ass ica l di sc ipli ne of H arro w, whic h

al so helped th e la te Dean of Ely to an ad mi ra bl e styl e of narra ti ve in his H is tory

of the R oma ns u nde r the E mp ire C

.h ar les Mer i vale was so carri ed a way , whil e at

school , by his enthus ias m f or Lati n verse compos i ti on,tha t h e planned an ep i c poem

on The I n vas ion o f the Ga u l s, o f w hic h h e ac tually co m pl e ted tw o bo o ks H is .

elder brother H erm an ( 1 8 0 6 7 4) was a schoo l prodigy ; an d if

- his energi es had
not been a bsor bed in th e servi ce of th e Sta te as Und er Secre tar y f or th e Col onies, -

and af ter wards of th e Indi a Of fice, his remaini ng wor ks show that h e wou ld have

taken a high plac e in E ngli sh li te ra ture .

Bu t in th e grou p of cri cketi ng di vi nes menti oned by th e Dean o f E l y, by f ar

th e m ost interesti ng figure is th e man whose destiny carried him f ur ther than any
of his contemporar ies away f rom th e Harro w trad i ti on Th e R o man Cath olic .

biographer of Cardi na l Manning ( 1 8 08 9 2 ) grows enthus ias tic over th e gre at part
-

pl ayed by his hero in the Vati can Coun cil ,and contras ts it wi th th e comparatively
restri cted care er whi ch wou ld have been open to him h ad h e re m ai ned a me m ber of

th e Angli can Church . To the Harrovi an other reflecti ons p re sen t themsel ves .

Manning was a born states man ; h e was natura l ly ambitious H e h imself , i ndeed , .

is consta ntly telling us , in his l atter d ay remi n iscences ,that f or th e las t f orty years
-

”
of h is lif e h e was taken ou t of th e wor ld Yet through th e whole of this peri od ,
.

his acts , words, and recorded f eeli ngs sh o w that h e never ceased to f ollow th e
irresistible bent of his nature, an d o a —
t pl y d ou btless with a l of ty and spiri tual
aim — th e statesman, wi thin the sph ere of wha t h e cons idered th e on ly Cathol i c
”
Church . I rem ember saying, h e writes, that I had given up working
f or th e peo pl e of England to work f or th e Ir i sh occupati on in Engla nd B u t that .

ation is a part of th e Ch urch thr oughou t th e world , o f a n E mp ire t

p g rea er
”
tha n the B ri tis h Or again : Th e l as t six and thirty years I have worked f or th e
’

- -
.
1 92 H AR R OW SCHOOL
Church, which cu lminated in Trac ts f or the Times and the age of th e great ,

Liberal movement in the Sta te, i ni tiated by the first Re f orm Bill Both move .

m ents were, in their ef f ec ts , anti Whig (in so f ar as the Whigs were essentially th e
-

ari stoc ra ti c pa rty ) and a nti Cl ass ica l i s o f ar as there was , bo th am ong th e
-
( n

democratic and eccles ias tica l Re f orm ers , an elem ent s trongly opposed to th e
humanistic te aching of the Re naissance) ; so that th e an ci ent traditions of Harro w
were n o l onger in sympathy with th e tide of current popul ar opi nion On th e .

other hand , th e re ligi ou s movement re vi ved i nst incts and f ee li n gs in indi vidual s

whi ch had been in a state of su s pended an im ati on duri ng th e Whig régim e A .

vei n o f hi stor i c senti menta li sm , ha l f m onarc hical , ha lf monas ti c , run s , f or exampl e,

- -

through th e poem s of A u brey d e Vere ( 1 7 8 8 an d th e reac ti on again s t th e

c lass i ca l spi ri t of th e eightee nth c entu ry finds its u tterance in sonn ets of whi c h

th e f oll owi ng is a fine specim en

L t th wh o will h ng pt ly o e ’
e os e a ra u rous r

Th f lowing l q e f Pl t pg ; ’
e e o u n ce o a o s a e

R p t, with fl h in g ye, th e
e ea as n d th t p e sou s a our

F m H me
ro o with t
’
e t
r s verse as
g ; a orr n
’
s ra e

L t th e wh li t k T lly t
e os o sg e as u o ass ua

Wild h t with h igh w gh t p i d , d

ear s t e
-
r ou er o s an r es or

Th ig
e ref h t i n o m im r ge or c , or ax s sa e

W in w f m S e
no ro t ti lo
e n ca s s en en
’
ous re.

N t th e b t J d h ll wed b d t m '
o es u u a s a o ar s o e

A re d I ih
ear bl ne gy ;
sa a
’
s no e e r

Th t mp e et g i f f Job ; th
er a e r tlr e t in o e a ess s r a

Of R th u d p to l Am ; th h igh
an as ra ng os e so s

Of D id d th t l f J h
'
av an p w e g , a e o ose s ron s

S imply p th ti , l q a tly pl i
e c e o u en a n .

Is aac Williams , whom I ha ve m enti oned bef ore as being steeped in th e clas sica l
style, was in h is Ox f ord da y s carri ed on th e f u ll tide of th e ecc le s ias ti cal revi va l ,

and wr ote, u nder th e med ieval influence, a poem ca l led The Cathed r al , in
whi ch eac h part of the sacred bu ildin g was treated as typif yi ng some religious
truth . I n c onnecti on wi th thi s poe m, h e rel ates an i nc ident ill u strati ve of th e
”
influence of Newman s mas ter mind
’
I remember Newman, h e says in his
.

Au tobiog rap hy , even so l ate as my p u bli shi ng th e sonnet now in The Ca thedr al
on Char l es I , mad e an al tera ti on whi ch I ha ve n ever qu i te lik ed , i nserti ng th e
.

line Flouted his name, u n par doned e en in death, f or one of mine whi ch expressed
’ ’

”
m ore strongly my own f eelings , b u t whic h I have never s ince remembere d .

Th e spi ri t of romance and natu re worship as s oc iated wi th th e re ligious move

-

ment m ad e its way into th e sch ool, and ca ught th e i magination of th e more
reflec ti ve b oys , a mong whom was Fred eri c k Faber 1 8 1 S i m li m i
( 4 en t e n ta s s ,
on th e who le, th e preva ili ng note in Fa ber s p oetry ; b u t h e ha d evidently a
’

enu i ne f eeli ng f or Nature, p artly i ns tin ct ive, pa r tly deri ved f rom th e stu dy of
g
Words wor th , and his Val e on lea ving Harrow con ta i ned the li nes
N atu r e h th b my m th ; ll h m d
a een o er a er oo s,

On th e g y
ram t i th ll fl d
ou n a n s or
, e su en oo s

H ave c h m d my l
ar e sou .
 HAR R OW MEN OF LE IT ERS ’
1 93

H isbest poems are cer tainly those describi ng th e cou ntry about Oxf ord ,and th e
s pi res and d om es of th e Un i versi ty un der th e var i ous as pects o f the seas ons H is .

senti menta lis m sho ws i ts e lf in h is Newdigate Pri ze poem on The K nig hts o f S t .

John .
“ ”
Whether h e was th e origi nator of th e phrase, l oved so well , dea r to al l
young prize poets of a cer ta in peri od , I ca nnot say, b u t cer tainly it occ urs almost
as inevita bly in his verse as h mniG dw h ( accor di ng t o th e A r i s toph an i c
ro v
'
ar ea cv

E sch yl us ) in th e rhythm s of Euripides 1

Faber seems, while at H arro w, to have .

ta ken li ttl e part in th e sch oo l gam es , b ut h e was a goo d rid er and swimmer H is .

poetica l dicti on shows no trace of th e clas s ica l i nfluence ; it is f acile and fl uent,
b u t wanti ng in d i stinct i ve charac ter Perhaps ( apart f rom his hymn s) h is best .

kn own lines are

Sm ll th ing e b t a s ar es

G i f nd n t r e a u res

T k d w lth e gi o ran an ea ar ven

B t littl thing u e s

On l ittle wing s

Be littl so l t he v n ar e u s o a e .

Another Harro w poet of th e d eca dent peri od ,wh o was carri ed over to th e Church
of R o me on th e t ide of th e Oxf ord M ovem ent, was Henry Oxenh a m ( 1 8 29 Th e
dominant note in his verse, as in Faber s, is sentimental ism One of his Vales (f or
’
.

h e wrote t wo) conta ins some refl ec ti ons on Byron, showing h o w great was th e
i nfluence exerted by that poet over those wh o f oll o wed h im in his ol d schoo l .

Oxenh am al so wrote on another theme whi c h had a great f asc i na tion f or minds
”
i nfl uenced by th e Oxf ord Movement, Th e Idea of Re generate d Chi val ry Unl ike .

Faber, h e see ms never to have completely surrendered h is liber ty to the Church

whi ch he j oined as a convert To th e end of h is l if e h e reta ined an af f ection f or
.

th e Church of E ngland , and h e as sailed wi th bitterness and abili ty th e decrees of

th e Vati can C ou ncil .

Anthony Trol lope ( 1 8 1 5 whose novel s are f u ll of sketches of th e English

c l er y, was enti re ly una f f ecte d by th e m edieva l i nfl u ences whi c h over owered so
g p
many of h is contemporari es , and one a t leas t of h is sch ool f el l ows The type of -
.

c l er yman wi th whom h e a ppare ntly h ad most sympa thy was of th e hi h a nd dr

g
-
g y
-

sc hoo l , portrayed in th e c haracter o f A rchdeac on Grant ley B u t Tro llope was .

eq u all y insensible to th e g enius loci at H arrow H e was a m on itor bef ore h e lef t, .

1 ll d t d m
H ere ar e a f ew ins tances cu e a ran o l
Th e sy van eace t at s uits p h so we l l
Th wh it
e ity in M lt , h
a
e cy a a e sa s ,
p l l p ll —Th 0 1 m m”
Th e s irit of th e oca s e . c 0 .

W p ld m m i
ra s o nd h elik p ll
or es r ou er e a s e Th t t
ou ar g od t koow o o see or no

Of h ipw
s ked P l wh l d h l d
r ec au o ove er an so Th ill th t in m d w l l
e s a e e .

w l k — K ight of St J h
a n s . o n . I t i mo t ight t k p
s s f lt
r o ee our au s

h n th w l
or well —H lf
ose H t e ove so a a ear
i th y h i , l d ity, d I d w ll
. .

H er e n c o ce o c o e
Alb it w f dly h p d wh n w w m n
At th y d df tm th d Cl d n, e e on o e e e ere e
r ea ee os onou re ar en o
T lea th l p nt l d w ll
C t h i g th p i w d th t
a c n e by
r ec ou s or s a on e on e
o ve e ore our ar e s ove so e .

F ll f m th y lip b
a ro 1l f ll w l l
s, eca use ove u e

Thy g d nd t t ly d
oo a s a e sa ness.
An d sad wh en s or S t S tep
. h en 8 cur f ew b ll e

Warned me to l eave th e s p ots I l ed

ov so

we l l — Ou re wr iting the River Ed en .

1 94 H AR R OW SCHOOL
yet h e tells u s , in h is Au tobiogr ap hy , tha t it was l a te in h is li f e bef o re h e bega n to

rea d Lati n au th ors wi th pl easure i ndeed, th e style of h is work wou ld have borne
tes ti mony to this f act, even if we h ad wante d h is own conf ess i on H is n ovel s are,
.

like the man h imse lf ,hones t,man ly,and thoroughl y English ; b u t it may b e dou bted
whet her they will recei ve a pl ac e a m ong th e a ti ona l c l ass i cs I t might have been
n .

o therwise . A r ti sti c tru ths th at wri te rs of gen i us like Sha kes peare and Jane A u sten
recogni sed i n tu i ti vely ,a n o veli s t wh o cou l d c rea te c haracters so ad mi rable in their own

way as those of Bis h op and M rs Pr ou die, might su rely ha ve l ea rned by stu dy and
.

reflect i on , h ad his mi n d bee n i mbu ed a t th e m ost recep ti ve a e wi th th e s iri t o f

g p
what h e read at sc hool As h e himsel f tells u s ,b e a i med a bove a ll t hi n gs a t being
.

natu ral b ut h e did not su f fici ently dis ti ngu ish between what is natu ra l f or
th e p u rposes of art, and na tura l in common lif e and conversati on A n ac u te
.

o bserver of manner s, h e et mad e n o attemp t to se l ec t f or h is i magi n a ry s i tu ati ons

y
those c i rcu m stances of c ondu ct and cha racter whi ch a re permanent and representa
ti ve . H e was con tent wi th rep rod u c ing everyday ex peri ence, in w ords c orrect b u t
not ch oi ce or di ti cti e
s n v — th e l anguage proper to good j ourna li s m H ence his
.

picture s of co ntemporary lif e and character, i mi ta ti ng th e mere su rf ace of thi ngs,

are al ready begi n ni ng to a ppea r a li ttl e o l d f as hi oned ;
-
th ey are in th e art of
ficti on wha t Fri th s Derby D ay a nd R a il way S ta tion are in th e art of pai nti ng
’
.

Trollope speaks without af f ection or enthus ias m of h is school days, dwelling with -

sati sf ac ti on on on ly a i gl s n e n c e —
i id t h is vi ctory in a fight Th e su ll enness of h is
n .

rec o ll ec ti ons ma , h owe ver , b e ac c ou n te d f or by th e somewha t sordid c i rc u m stan ces

y
o f his h ome li f e, whi ch c l ou ded th e na tu ra l h appi ness o f boyhood .

When H arrow, u nder the hea dmas tership of th e late Dea n of Llandaf f ,
s p rang i n to n ew p ro s pe ri ty , it rega i ned al s o its c ha rac ter o f a se l f c ontai ned

s oci ety,and I th i n k th at th ose of m o wn contemporar i es , wh o re m ember th e sch oo l

y
du ri ng th e l as t f ew years of Dr Vaughan s reign and th e openi ng years of his
.
’

s u cces s or ,will a gree wi th me in thi nki ng that ,in al l es senti al p o i nts ,it h ad preser ved

its an ci ent gen i us Soc ially, it was composed of th e same mixed elements as in
.

Barry Cornwall s ti me,and perhaps its strong aris tocratic lea ven h ad helped to main
’

ta i n th e contin u i ty of its hi story by k eepi ng u p a kind of f amily tra di ti on The .

same po li t ical spiri t that Gibbon des cr ibes s till p revai l ed , th ough th e arro a nt
g
Wh ig 76 s was to ned down i nto a milder Liberal Conservatism, more in harmony
1 0
-

with th e ci rcu mstances of th e time I thi nk that in 1 8 59 , f or exa mpl e,most of th e

.

boys in th e Sixth Form were in sympa thy wi th th e cau se of Ita lian u ni ty, a monu
ment of whi ch f eeli ng still re ma i ns in a spi ri ted poeti ca l dec lamati on by th e prese nt
H ome Sec reta ry in cel ebrati on of Vi ctor Emmanu el s entry into Fl orence I n th e
’
.

c ri c ket fiel d and th e rac k et c ourt th e sc hoo l did so m ethi ng more than keep u it
-
s
p
-

ol d a thleti c f a me . B u t S u m n er wou ld ha ve been pl eas ed ,a bove a l l ,wi th th e manner

in whic h Dr Va ughan and h is emi n en t s uccessor empl oy ed th e c l as s i cal wr i ters as
.

i nstruments alike of ethical and literary edu ca tion Under thei r tu i tion, boys were
.

ta u ght to regard th e L ati n an d Greek au thors n ot only as grammati ca l text boo k s, -

b u t as m as terpi eces of li terature ; Dr Va u ghan perha p s usi ng them s pec ia lly as

.

i nstruments f or tea ching th e right u se of language, and Dr Butler dwelling besides .

wi th enthusias m on th e beau ties of their thought Hence th e minds of their pupils

.
1 96 H AR R OW SCHOOL
Th e sa me inca pac ity li si ng thou ght and condensi ng language may b e
f or c entra

obser ved in th e H on R oden N oe l ( 1 8 3 4

. th ou gh h e h ad f or l ess na ti ve gen i us
th a n Lord Lytton H e remained b t a y hort tim t Harr ,
. u v e r s e a o w an d — a t l eas t

in so f ar as hi s poe tical ed u ca ti on was concerned— was dra wn i nto a bs tract phil o

s ophy a t too ear ly an a e H e was n ot wanti ng in i magi na t i ve p ower, as ma y b e
g .

seen f ro m th e f oll o wi ng m edi ta ti ons o n Westmi ns ter B ridge a t mi dn igh t

Wh Engl n d b th e i h d w, th t l l t w
en a a s n s a o e a o er

Of th t g t p l
a f th p pl
rea hi ,
a ace o e eo e s n es

S h i e t th e mid igh t l ik
n s o mid igh t n e a n s u n.

W h il w ed , i h it d in mp t
e c ro n n er e co e en c e,

An d wh il l w m king m e a lb i- a en a o r ous ,

Th gh l g ight w t he i th i g ld n h mb
rou on n - a c s, n e r o e c a er ,

W g w dy w
a e f f ti
or h lp th S t t ,
ars o ac on , e e a e

Th d e df l i
rea ll in d k
u nd
r ver r o s ar n ess u er ,

W h i ling r h m light t wild wit h gl m

our u a n s o c - ea

S
ee y ll w l mp i f mid bl gl m
e o a s n or a e oo

Of b th th o h igh t h
e s t d h nt
or es , n f m - ear e au s o en

T ibl w t h p d b t g t pi
e rr e a er ea e a ou rea ers

Of h gliding g gl ing mi
ar c es , , ur , o n ou s

B t n th
u o ty p pt b
e vas ara e a o ve

Th Tit t n l gh tl i f th gl
ose an un e s, as er or e a re

Of l ti m k y f m ,
ou r e ec r c oc er o oon s

App m m t f t h t d f
ears a o en a a e -
un e a c e,

lV D l ti pl ging t th V id
an es o a on un o e o .

Th wi l f m d i h
en s r s a d m g gl m
or s on ou re a on ea s

Wh i h ddy ligh t h d d wh t w m
c e as -
ea e a as an

Wi th th fl l fl t m, fl
o er o a d ll o sa ou n ers , r o s .

Th e meani ng of th e c lass i cal style may b e u nders tood by exa mple, if t hese
lines b e compa red with Words wor th s s onnet on Westmi ns ter Bridge, Earth h as ’

”
n o t any thi ng to s how m ore f a i r Noel wou l d ha ve learned m any truths va lua b le
.

to him as a poet if h e h ad rema i ned to beco m e a moni to r at H arro w .

On th e other hand , a l l th at it was poss ibl e to l ea rn f ro m th e c l as s i cs , regarded

so l ely as m odels of poeti ca l di cti on , was l earn ed by Char l es S tu art Ca l verl ey , or,

as h e was called whi l e a t H arro w, B l a ds ( 1 8 3 1 H e seems to ha ve d ru n k

y
in wi th silen t enj oymen t, and wi th ou t ef f ort, al l th e infl uence s of th e plac e ; and
there is so mething si ngu l arly attract i ve in th e recor ds of his prodigi ous j umps ,
h is coo l i mp udence, his i mperturba bl e go od hu mou r , and h is beau ti f u l sch ol ars hip -
.

A l l these contrary qu ali ties seem to co mbine harm oni ous ly in th e a rfios a fi l icitas of
h is style . Wi thi n h is o wn sphere , dou btless a very li mi ted on e, I qu esti on whether
an
y E ngli sh poe t ever excell ed C a l ver ley in th e ada pta ti on of m ea ns t o ends I n .

his consci ous mixture of kin dly cyni ci sm wi th senti ment , an d in h is c hoi ce of words
f or h is f a vou ri te ef f ect,— a p rosa i c c lima x to a bea u ti f u l and mel odi ou s peri od,
th e na ture of th e man him se l f seems to s hi ne th rough a l l h i verse Wha t can s .

b e better tha n th e rhy th mi cal ro ll o f ca u ti ous ca lcu lati on in th e las t li ne of th e

f oll o wi ng O my w my b tif l my bl e eyed
o n, eau u , u -

T b y o g e m ou n d b it m
on ce
y th m b or e , a n e u

At th w ld n d ll it w with y Id
’
e or a a s as ou ,

Gi e n in n id ble m
v o co s era su .
 H AR R OW MEN OF LETT ER S 1 97

What more gravely, patheti cally, mu si ca lly absu rd than ad dress to th e

organ gri nd er
-

F f m Engl d i th
ar ro nny an n e su

S th wh A i l p i f m
ou , er e n o ea s n oa ,
Th w st ed till l k f m y
ou a r ear , ac o on e

D w th f m th y i l d h m
re ee ro v n e-c a o e .

A d th y m t thn i wy J k , a e, e s ne oc o

F m B il Af i m ,ro raz or r c ca e

L n d f im m d i
a o s oo an s ro c c o

A d h m t m ly t m
n e s ee s ex r e e a e.

Th h q d ad th nd fil é d
er e e ue
'

e u e

S p i g, h ng with p lik glee,

r n or u a e- e

By h i t th t il , o yelid, s ee , or a r e

T th lipp y m g t
o e s er an o ree .

Ther h w ed d w n d ky e e oo an o a us

B id , f in ti t l ik hi w
r e o s nc s e s o n

T lk d f l till h w h ky
a e o ove e as us

In t g e t kn w a on u o us u n o n .

S id by id tw th i t
’
e g s e as e rs o rava e

Th p t t g d e t o a o- r ou n , or cu

D w th o p ting g ,
n e u n s u s ec sava e

With th w ll im d n t e e -a
e cocoa - u .

Best of a ll , is th e a ir of innocent doubt in Forever

F or eve r Ti
’
i gl e w d
s a s n or

Ou r ru d f f th d m d it tw
e or e a ers ee e o

Can you im gi e a b d n so a su r

A view

F or ever w h at a by m f ws s o oe

Th e wor d r evea s l , wh t f a r enz y wh, at

D esp air For eve r ( p i t d r n e 80 )

Did n ot .

It l k
oo s , ah me h ow trite an d ta me ,

Or
I t f ai
so ac el
l s
— to sa

it is
dd en or a

n ot th e
pp l
sa
a

me
At al l .

F or ever p ass ion- f raug ht , it t h r ows

O
’
er th e d im page a gl oo m, a g amou r 3 l
It s
’
s weet , it s strange
’
; an d I su pp ose

mm
’
It s
g ar
ra .

F or ever
’
Tis a s in g e l wor d
An d yet ou r f at ers h d eeme d it tw o

N or am I c on ent t e fid hy err e d
Ar e you P

No gre a ter contrast ca n b e i magi ned than that whi ch exi sted between Ca lverley
a n d Joh n A dd i n ton Sy mo n ds ( 1 8 40 th e l as t di sti ngu i s hed man o f l etters
g
wh o l ef t H arrow u nd er th e head mas tership of Dr Vau ghan Cal verl ey was . .
1 98 H A RR OW SCHOOL
ev idently co mpletely happy whil e hool Sy monds was f ar otherwi se, partly ,
a t sc .

”
a s h e f rankly c o n f ess es , f r o m h is o wn f au lt . I shra nk , h e says, f rom games of
e very sort , bei ng c ons ti tu ti ona lly u nfit f o r vi ol en t ex erci se an d di s lik ing c o mpe ti ti on .

I h ad no i nclinati on f or cr ic ket, f ootba ll, racqu ets , a nd I e ven di sliked f encing .

I n thi s way, I did not c ome i nto sa l u ta ry c on tac t wi th my sc hoo l f ell ows It
-
.

wou ld as su redly h ave bee n f ar better f or me h ad I been cas t more f ree ly upon thei r
s oc i ety . Faggi ng, again , wou ld have brought me i nto prac t ica l relati on wi th
”
th e elder boys , and have r u bbed of f s ome o f my f as tid i ou s res er ve Ca l verl ey ,
.

wi thi n h is own arti s ti c li mits , did al l that h e tri ed to do to perf ec ti on ; Sym ond s,
as we see f ro m h is Au tobio r a hy ,s u f f ered marty rd om f r om a cons ci ou s ness o f p oeti c
g p
i mpotence Cal verley, perhaps c u lpa bly wanti ng in ambition, accom modated him
.

sel f rea dily t o h is surr o u ndi n gs ; Sy mo nds was a l ways h a u n ted by a d es i re to rea li se

idea l i mposs ible in Engli sh so ci ety as ac tua lly consti tu ted Th e more admirabl e
s .

was h is hero ic s truggl e, cr o wned wi th a l arge amo u nt of s ucc es s , in th e mids t o f

di seas e and menta l su f f ering, to acco mplish a posi ti ve a nd pra ti ca bl e tas k I n the
c
.

perf ormance of this he owed mu ch to his H arrow trai ni ng H e ga i ned f rom h is .

sc hool li f e p u bli c spi r i t, good soc i a l trad i ti ons , men ta l di sc ipli ne ; a nd ma n y o f

those wh o k ne w him bes t will regret that, even if it were necessa ry to re vea l to
th e world th e pa i nf u l confli cts of h is i n ner li f e, it was no t a t th e a m e ti me f ou nd s

possibl e in his Bi ography to lea ve on th e mi nd a more vi vid i mpressi on of h is

c hee rf u l ness , his h u mour , h is p owers o f enj oy men t, and a l l th e qua li ti es tha t m ad e

h im a delightf u l compani on a nd a sympa thi s i ng f ri en d . H arro w, bes id es, did

mu ch more f or Sym on ds th an he is rea dy to a ll o w, by a wak en i ng h is i nte ll ec tu a l
f a cu l ti es . H is c lass i ca l s tu dies tau ght h im h ow to di rec t h is cri ti ca l powers— a nd
—
when h e is at h is best h e is a n ex cellen t cri ti c to a defin i te en d ; th ey en a bled h im,
too , to hold in chec k , tho ugh not a l ways to o verc ome, th e i nte llec tua l temp ta ti o n s
to wh i ch h e as pecu li arly li abl
w e. n —
The R ena is s a ce n I ta ly more espec ia lly wh en
i
th e di f ficu l ti es under w hi h t
c i w as r e —
w itt n are reme bered mu st b e pronou nced a
m
mos t remark a ble work , and Harrow may j u stly take to herse l f c redi t f or having
ed u ca ted its a u th or .

I n th e f oregoi ng s ketc h I ha ve endea vou red to exhibi t a va ri ety o f literary

Harrovians in their relati on to th e geni us of their sc hool Though th at geni u s.

h as of la te years been grea tly ex panded by th e i n crea sed i mpor ta nce as signed in
th e cu rri cu l u m to th e s t udy of phys i ca l sc i ence an d modern l angu ages , and by
th e genera l gro wth of th e M odern Side, th ere has been no c hange in its organ i c
principle, and its continu i ty ha s never bee n brok en I sho u ld be happy if thi s
.

brief su rvey helped to revea l to some of th os e wh o are now receivi ng thei r

i nstru cti on at Harrow the val ue of th e two ch ests , th e k eys o f whi ch, as Gibbon
sa ys , are depos i ted in th ei r ha n ds S tet F or tu na D omus
. .

I V J Coua m or rz
. .
'
.
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
ably the f au t l of th e i )
a r t st , th e grou nd s o l pi ng u pward s in the bac kgrou nd ,
wi th th e c h u rc h on th e to p ; a l l o nt n to a p i i g s i te o n th e s ide o f th e hi l l , be l ow

th e wes t hu rch
end of th e c .

A ra re pri nt ( pu bli shed in 1 7 9 1 ) of th e hill an d chur ch f rom th e wes t, shows a

party of boys shooti ng with bows at an i mprovised target, po in ti ng to th e survi va l
a t tha t da te of a tradi ti on connect i ng th e c hu rc h fie lds wi th arch ery ; b u t we wi l l

leave loca l antiquaries to se ttle th e question as best they may .

I n ear ly ti mes ,th e first Th ursd ay in A u gust was th e da te Thi s was cha nged in .

1 7 61 to th e firs t Thursday in Ju ly,a day very cl ose to ou r present date f or Speec h

d ay Th e co mpetitors , origi nally six , l ater t wel ve, arrayed in f an cy dresses of
.

sa ti n ,an d weari ng sati n ca p s wi th en orm ou s pea ks ,sh ot ten arro ws eac h A bu l l .

was greete d by a concert o f Frenc h h orns Th e vi ctor m arch ed bac k to th e town .

a t th e h ea d o f a p rocess i o n of boys , ca rryi ng h is pr i ze, th e sil ver ar ro w Th e .

e ntertai nm ents of th e d a w ere co nc l u d ed by a ba ll , gi ven by th e wi nner, to whi c h

y
al l th e n eighb ou ri ng f a mili es were i n vi ted .

The l as t con tes t was in 1 77 1 I n tha t year th e h ead master , Dr Su m ner, di ed , . .

a nd Dr H ea th reigned in his s tea d

. One of h is first ac ts was to abo li sh th e arrow .

shooti ng, and to i nsti tu te speec hes in its pl ac e

1
.

Th e sil ver ar row made f or th e year 1 77 2 ( Dr H ea th s first su mmer term) was

’
.

never co mpeted f o r I t p as se d i nto th e possess i on o f th e Re v B H Dn n y, an d '

. . . .

was by h im presente d to th e Vau gha n Libra ry , wh ere it is pres erved , together wi th

many other relics of thi s bygone f estival .

Whether th e fir st of ficial Speech day was held in 1 77 2 is a matter f or conj ec tu re -

.

I t is certa i n ly pro ba ble tha t it was , b u t it is q u i te p oss ibl e that there may have
bee n a gap between the ol d order an d th e ne w On thi s po i nt we have a bso lu tely .

no re cords ; c u r i o us ly e nou gh even th e Go vern ors Mi nu tes ma k e no menti o n ei th er

’

of th e ab oli ti on of th e arro w sh ooti ng or th e i ns ti tu ti on o f peeches Th e sch ool

-
s .

co ll ec ti on o f Speech b ills d oes no t co mm en ce un til 1 7 8 5 .

Th e mo ti ves which i mpell ed Dr H ea th to ma k e s o dras ti c a change a re thu s set .

f orth by Dr G B utl er . Th e reas ons whi ch i nduced him to aband on this anci en t
. .

cus tom were digni fied and j ust They are sta ted to have bee n the f requ ent exemp .

ti ns
o f ro m th e regu lar b ius n ess o s —
f the ch ool whi c h they wh o prac ti sed as competi
—
tors f or th e p rize cl a i med as a p ri vi l ege no t to b e i nf ri nged u po n as well as th e band
of rofl i a te and di s ord er ly pers ons wh o m thi s exhibi ti on brou gh t d o wn i nto th e
p g
village by reas on of its vi c i n i ty to th e me tro po li s These encroachments a nd annoy .

a uc es h ad a t l ength bec o me so i nj u ri ou s to di sc ipli ne an d mora l s ,as ,a f te r so me vain

”
a ttemp ts a t th e correcti on of th e evil , to ca ll f or th e to ta l a bo li ti on o f th e u sa ge .

A1
h y t diti fing ed t H w i t th p
n ar c er ra on t t y er Th G ntl m a a rr o n o e res en c en u r e e e an s
’

“
.

M g in f
a az A g t 18 16
e or d th t
u us di g t l t m th il
r ecor s w w a acc or n o a n n ua cus o , e s ve r arr o as

s h t f t th B tt , H w th H ill by tw l y g g tl m ed t d t th h l
o or a e u s arro -
ou - e- , e ve ou n en e en , u ca e a e sc oo ,
”

an d lith g ph ed p t it f C E L g, f t
a o ra or r ap i ti g by oC w y t k . w h i
. th on a er a a n n os a , a en en n e

sc h l(b t
oo a h w h im in f y d with b w d h
ou s o s th h l nd h h
a an c ress a o an or n : e sc oo a c ur c

a pp in th b kg d A
ear e ac dhrou n me t light b tw
. s 1 77 1 d 1 8 1 6 it i p b
n o r eco r as co o e een an , s ro

a bl th t th
e a l t m d th
e ann ua t m i th p t it
cu s o f t an i l th th e c os u e n e or ra r e er o a r ev va ra er an a

i l f th p
s u r v va oti Th gh t E gl nd , n d p i lly
e rac ce . rou L d , th w ou t gn a a es ec a n ea r on on ere as a s r on

i l f
r ev va h y b t 1 79 0
o ar c er a ou .
 F ac mg !mg r zoo .

An e w-Ja r Di mss worm AT H A RROW .

20 2 H A RR OW SCHOOL
thea tre, and the o ld Speech roo m was not bu il t f or more tha n half a century later
-
.

Dr G Bu tler s accou nt say s th e ba ll was gi ven

. .
“ in th e sc hoo l room This wou ld .

n a turally mea n th e Fou r th Form room , b u t it is di f fic u l t to be li eve t ha t th e ro om

was c l ear ed of its seats a nnua lly , to b e replaced d u ri ng th e n ex t d ay or so ; if thi s

were i ndeed th e case, we u n ders ta nd so methi ng o f i nterru p ti on to work whi c h th e
ar ro w s h ooti ng en ta iled -
.

For it must b e mem

re

bered tha t at thi s ti me

th e sc hool possessed no
othe r bu ildi ng .

I t see ms m u ch more
pro bable tha t the ba ll
was gi ven at s ome pu bl i c
roo m, s uc h as was s ure

to exi s t in a to wn of
th e di mens i on s of H ar
ro w . A f ter th e of fic ia l
i nsti tu tion of speeches ,
we ha ve no do u b t where
they were spo k en ; a nd
thi s b ri ngs bef o re u s a
long f orgotten part of
-

ea r ly H arro w li f e .

I n th e las t centu ry ,d anc i ng

oc c u pi ed an i mporta n t pl ac e

in th e ed u ca ti on of a gen tl e
man . A t H arro w it was
ta u ght as an extra, p res u m
a bly ou t of sc hoo l ho u rs , a nd

so g rea t was th e de mand f or

l esso ns that in 1 77 0 th e d anc

ing mas te r ( A n thony Tas so ni )
thou ght it worth h is wh il e to
w : leas e a pi ece o f grou nd f rom
e G overn ors a n d b u ild ( at
h rxmw or run N w Se P EE H - C R M
OO .
th
h is own co s t) a da nc i ng sc hoo l ,
o n t h e s i te o f t h e p rese n t sc h oo l s to t h e n o r t h o f t h e c h a pe l , a n d h e re da n c i ng
was ta u gh t by a su c ces s i o n o f m as t ers u n t il as l a te as 1 8 4 0. H e re t h e s peec hes

were erfp or m e d , a n d i t is i n t er es t i n g t o n o t e t h a t m it s l a tt er d a y s ( it w as p u ll ed
d own a bou t 1 8 54) it was known i ndi f f erently as the Danci ng School or th e old
S peech room -
.

Th e ( presen t) ol d Spee c h room was co mpl eted in 1 8 20 , b u t th e ra pid gro wth

-

of th e sc h o o l , b o th in n u m b e rs a n d i m p o rt a n ce, d u r in g t h e n e x t h a l f-
ce n tu r y ,

n ec ess i ta t ed t h e c o n s t ru c t i o n o f a m u c h l a r
g e r h a ll
. A cco r d i ngly , o n th e T e r

c en tena r y o f t h e g r a n t i n g o f th e c h ar t er t o J o h n Ly o n ( 1 8 7 1 ) a f u n d w as st ar t ed
 SPEECH -
DAY 20 3

f or th e bu ilding of the presen t Speec h room, whi ch o pened -

Speec h d ay was on -

1 8 7 7 , by Dr H M ontagu Bu tl er, th e son a nd su ccessor ( thri ce rem oved ) of th e

. .

bu ilder of th e ol d room .

In compili ng these record s we have f req u ently h ad to co mplain of th e d ear th

o f ma teri a ls contemporari es na tura lly never th ou h t o f wr i ti ng d own an d pres erv
g
ing d eta ils of events perf ect ly f a mili ar to themsel ves Living as we d o in an age of .

development, it may be well to place on record th e present order of procedure,

a ai ns t th e tim e when Speec h da , as we k n ow it, will h a ve becom e as m u ch a
g y
-

thi ng of th e pas t as th e arrow s hooting is to us -

Th e pas t cen tu ry h as wi tness ed
.

a gra d ua l ex pa ns i o n a nd cha n e in th e c harac ter of th e s peech es themse l ve s T h e

g .

rec i ta ti on of p r ize co mpos i ti ons was an i nno va ti on o f 1 8 2 0 Th e French scenes , .

now s o importa n t a pa rt of th e perf or m ance, were i ntrod uced in 1 8 54 , while th e

Lati n scenes or di a logu es have f a llen into disuse The nu mber of perf ormers in a .

sc ene h as increas ed f rom th e original two to any th i ng short of twenty, the

m n t nu mber of th e m on i tors ; b u t d ress c lothes are still th e on ly wea r , exce pt
p
where so me so rt of cos tume is a bs o lu tely necessary , a nd even then it is m ore
sy mboli ca l tha n ac tu a l There is no scenery, sa ve tha t of th e imagi nati on,
.

a nd one m us t c om e in wi th a bus h of thor ns and a l a nth om an d sa h e c omes

y
”
to d isfigu re or to present th e person of Moonshi ne For exa mple, a part is .

ma de to stand f or th e wh ole : a lady will ha ve a sha wl and a bonn et, and loo ks
well when s i tti ng, thou gh when s h e walks th e illus i on is shattered by a gli mpse
of th e mo ni toria l d ress trou sers Th e possess i on of a f enc i ng f o il d enotes a
.
-

Sha kes pea r ian soldi er ; a modern To m my A tkins , or Du manet, is di sguised in a

blue coat bu ttoned u p, and a helmet borrowed f rom th e rifle corps, or a ké pi,
ac cording t o na ti onality A bli n d man l ead s on a d og, whi c h a lway s j oi ns in th e
.

a ppla u se tha t gree ts him by ba rki ng A n indiarub b er h ot wa ter bottl e does d u ty

.
-

f or a Gree k wine s kin ; A l l a n topo l es pu lls sau sages like a c l o wn f rom th e poc kets
-

o f h is d ress c l othes ; H erac l e

s wears on his shou lders a skin whi c h s trongly rese mbl es
”
a heart hr ug, a nd so on till truth doth ma ke al l things plai n, even to gen tles
”
wh o wond er a t thi s s ho w .

B u t in spi te of this s i mplic i ty o f s etti ng, th e Speec h room stage has wi tnessed -

s ome ad mi ra ble perf orm a nces I t is no ligh t ta s k to ma ke a dead s peec h li ve, b u t

.

th e brillia nt mann er in whic h D Pl u n ket Ba rton ,no w So li c i tor Gen era l f or I re l a nd ,

.
-

delivered Shei l a f amou s perorati on agai nst Lord Lyndhurst,f ro m th e s peech on the
’

Irish Mu nici pa l Bill,is still remembered , a nd those wh o were present when A G V . . .

Peel d eli vered one of his grandf ather s ora tions will reca ll how powerf u lly b e
’

s wayed h is au d i enc e A m ong th e a c tors we spec ia lly remember th e Pu ff of H A

. . .

Cohen , wh o ca me to so tragi c a n end in th e A lps in 1 8 9 5, and th e mas terly per

”
f ormances o f R Geiki e in l es Deu x A veu gles and Champignol m algre l u i ’
. .

Neither is th e Mal volio of J W S Tomlin or the Fa lstaf f of A Page eas ily

. . . .

f orgo tten .

”
To re turn to th e order of th e day Of c ourse Speech d ay is a ho l iday , that
.
-

scarc ely need s to be reco rded N o first sc hoo l , b u t many tu rn ou t earlier than
.

wou ld b e expect ed to se ize th e firs t c hance o f a dip in D u c ker, f or, like th e res t of
th e place on thi s one d ay of th e year ,Duc k er is thrown open f or m os t of th e day to
20 4 H A R R OW SCHOOL
th e wan deri ng pa rent, so that th e bather has to bathe early, or wai t ti l l even ing .

From ten onward s, the ban d of th e schoo l corps di sc ou rses on th e lawn in f ront
of th e lib rary , not a l ways a n eas y ma t ter, as t h e s i tu a ti on is a n exp osed on e, and

c a kes o f soa p gently tossed f ro m neighbou ring wi nd o ws so tha t they ma y a light in

th e tempti ngly o pen m ou ths of th e brass i nstru m en ts are disconcerti ng to a mus i cian
1
.

A bou t el even th e ad van ce gua rd of pa re n ts and gu ests ar ri ves H alf an hour .

later they are on u s in f orce A t tha t hour th e Spee ch room d oors ope n and th e
.
-

gues ts are marsha lled to their proper doors acw rd ing to th e co lou r of their tickets .

For hal f a n hour th e mas ters wh o have charge of th e vari o us doors ha ve a li vely
ti me, hea di ng off green gues ts f ro m bl u e doors , i ns i s ti ng on th e exh ibi ti on o f
ti ckets whi c h are in e nvel opes in (f em ale) poc k ets dif ficu l t of ac ces s , ref us i ng ad mi s
s i on on th e s tre ngth of v i s i ti ng ca rd s, and se ttli ng th e cases of th ose wh o h a ve l ef t
-

thei r t icket s at ho m e W e ha ve seen a mbas sad ors and Ori enta l tu rbaned d igni taries
.

in this plight vainl y seeki ng ad mi ss i on at d oor af ter d oo r u n til th ey , as a l as t

resource, re vea l ed th ei r id enti ty By twel ve every sea t is filled , and th e speec hes
.

begin bef ore an au dience a thou sa nd strong, b ut as there is a l ways room f or a

f ew more, so me d ozens of boy s wh o have not been a ble to sec ure ti c kets are si f ted
in u n til every a vaila bl e i nc h of si tti ng or s tandi ng roo m is occu pi ed Of th e .

s eeches them se l ves li ttl e need b e sa id M onol ogu es in m a ny tongu es, samples o f
p .

prize compos i tions, and d ramatic scenes in Greek , English, French, or German
f o ll ow in qu i c k su ccess i o n, i nters pers ed wi th th e pres enta ti o n of p ri zes and m eda ls
to th e p rizemen o f th e year .

”
Then f oll ows th e time honou red practice of cheeri ng on th e steps A s th e
-
.

gu ests fil e down th e steps f rom th e Speech room, th e head of th e school , standi ng -

o n a b ox ) in th e o pen sp ace o verl ooki ng th e street, ca ll s to th e c rowd of boys and

(
”
gu ests assembled be lo w f or three cheers f or the Pann onian A mbassad or when H is
Excellency is descending th e steps Th e celebrity li f ts h is h at in res ponse to th e
.

c heers . I t is n eed l es s to say that th e hea d of th e scho ol is pr o mpted by so me o ne

”
wh o kn ows who s wh o, a nd so me s light dipl omac y h as to b e exerc i sed in delayi ng
’

th e ex i t of ce lebrity nu mber two u n til th e ch eers f o r cel ebri ty nu mbe r on e have

died away Then lu nch f or boys and gu ests in th e hou ses Sa lmon and claret cup
. .

are essen ti al .

I n th e a ft ernoon a mili tary ban d ( not th e school cor ps this ti me, b u t a ban d of
th e regul ar s) perf orm on th e terrac e,whi ch , to qu ote on e or o ther of th e next day s
’

”
pa pers , of f ers an ani mated a ppea rance At ha lf pas t f ou r a hou se singing in th e
.
- -

Speech roo m, a concert composed enti rely of schoo l songs, accompanied by th e

-

sch oo l orch estra a perf or ma n ce as popu lar as s peech es i tse lf .

Six bill conc ludes th e progra mme, a nd Spee c h day is over un til n ext yea r, -

lea vi ng behi nd it a certai n disinc linati on f or first schoo l next morni ng .

B P LAS CE LLES . . .

1
Exper ien ce sh ows th at a h d b il d
ar -
o e egg d pped i
ro nto p
th e ga ing b ll
e of a b ra ss p
t ru m et is
s u re to fit th e c on ica lt b
u e somewhere . It can be moved
re by m ean s of a rifl e- c ea n er l .
Fa csm rm or ran M IC
US or r un Pwar Vanes or Foa r v
'
Ym as or: m ran Con r osm
’
s MS
.
20 8 H AR R OW SCHOOL
For so methi ng like
years M r Farmer rema ined in a nondescript posi tion,
two .

with no oflicial pos t and no soc ia l reco gni tion, tolerated rather as so mething like a
musica l f anatic Bu t he was wi nn ing h is way, and by urgi ng th e f ai th that was in
.

h im, in seas on and ou t of seas on , h e su cceed ed in convin c i ng Dr B utler him sel f , .

a nd s u c h pilla rs of th e sta te as th e R ev G F Ha rri s a nd th e R ev B F Westc ott

. . . . . .

( no w Bi s h o p o f Du rham ),of th e so u ndness of h is vi ews and th e val ue of h is pers ona l

i nflu ence Once convinced ,they c on.

tin n ed M r Farmer s firmest f ri ends

’
.

and alli es , a nd th e firs t vi c tory was

won I n 1 8 64 h e c onducted , as
.

mus ica l instru ctor, the first concert

ever gi ven by boys in a bu il d i ng

belongi ng to th e Sc hool .

B u t with M r Farmer to gai n .

one poi nt was on ly a n incenti ve to

th e next depar tu re Music was not .

to be th e exc l u s i ve pro perty of th e

cu l tured f e w ; it was to b e brought

home to every b oy of th e five hu n

dred To en list th e sympathy of
.

every b o , a nd m a ke him ta ke his

y
part in mus ic , M r Farmer sa w that .

h e m us t carry it wi th him i nto th e

hou ses Wi th this obj ect he oh.

ta ined l ea ve,s ometi mes wi th no s ma ll

di f ficu lty, to vis it every hou se, once
J F n
ou r: au a.
a w ee k or f ortn igh t, in th e wi n ter

terms . Th e boys were gath ered in th e hou se ha ll s,and there en tertai ned f or an hour
by the s inging in u nison of good national songs M r Farmer f ac ed them a t the . .

piano (or in older days generally th e harmoni u m),h is whole f ac e a twinkle wi th -

”
con tagi ous enj oym ent They began as a ru le wi th Follow my Leader, which
.

m eant that M r Farmer struck a f ew notes of so me well k no wn national , or schoo l ,

.
-

song ; and th e boy s pl u nged a f ter him in ch orus One verse only , and ano ther air
.

was sta rted ; a nd long bef ore th e pa ges o f th e book cou ld b e tur ned over, th e
choru s f o llo wed . I t was a trai ni ng in m emory f or words and m us i c, a nd was
”
designed to clear th e throat and make everybody f ee l j o lly Then f ollo wed some .

so l o s f ro m those wh o cou ld s i ng, a nd t hose wh o co uld n o t— it mad e no di f f erence !

”
Th e l a tte r c lass were ca lled ta lkers , a nd every b oy was encouraged to sta nd u p
”
and ta lk it ou t .Th e acco mpa nim ent in thi s case co ns isted of a sort of tri ckl e
”
down th e pia no, with two fingers on consecu ti ve notes ; b u t th e talker seldom
noti ced th at a ny thi ng was wr ong Th e b oy wh o produ ced n o au dible sou nd ca me
.

”
in f or mu ch ha rmless chaf f , and was co mpared to a bogey in a water bu tt or a -

”
weasel in a ba nd b ox Th is is on ly one spec imen of M r Farmer s word c oinages
-
. .
’
-

to express a type There were many o thers Th e u s d b oy was one wh o in his own
’
. .

“
bla sa est im ati on was us ed to every experi ence of li f e ; th ere was th e b oy wi th i ntell ect ,
’
21 0 H AR R OW SCHOOL
return one of hese lyr ics to its aut hor with th e remark that it contai ned a f a lse
t
qua ntity ! The present Bi shop of Durha m may perhaps remember now wi th a
”
s mil e th e i nc iden t whi ch m us t a t th e tim e ha ve ro us ed th e indi gnati on of so ripe

a sc holar .

Bu t it may well b e dou bted whether songs wou ld ha ve beco me an integral par t
of schoo l lif e, and a potent bond of bro therhoo d , h ad they conti nu ed to b e wr i tten

in Latin, however elegant I t remai ned f or M r E E Bowen , the poet pa r

. . . .

eacel lerwe of H arro w and of schoo l li f e in genera l , to or igi nate those E nglish songs
,

which have ma de H arr ow mus i c f amou s They have now become a goodly .

li terature, the new editi on of th e Song Book ( 1 8 9 6) contai ni ng a list of nearly

”
fif ty E nglish songs A t th e head of this l i st sta nds
. Underneath th e Briny Sea,
pu blished in 1 8 69 , and sung by M r Spencer W Gore at the midsu mmer concert . .

o f tha t year I t strikes th e keyn ote of so many other songs to f ol lo w f rom the
.

sa m e and other pens in its bo ld topsy tur v d om, an d its ser i ous m ora l c oncea led
y
-

un der del i ca te hu mour I t has th e kernel of a sc hoo l sermon in th e shel l of a

.

j oke Enthusiastica lly received on its first hear ing, it has remained a f avouri te
.

ever s i nce .

Oh, wh t lif th , d wn b l w th e w
a a e er e o e o ave,

Al l m ng th nd h e p , m
a o yfih h e sa -
a s err s es ave

L n get th e f ll m k, wh th b d g d
esso s u ar e er a or oo ,
Fi h w ng— ld t if th y w l d ’
e g s es n ev r u ess ro c ou n e ou

G k t n t Engli h by th e l of th mb ;
r ee ur s o s ru e u

S m h th u n ws w itt
ave n th m;
e a s er r en o e su

Re petition l n it el f n n ed t t y
ear s s , ever e o r

E y n h pi g ver o lly
e as r zes , en era .

U d th th b i y
n ern ea
, e r n s ea

Wh h th fi h d th me m id th
ere e e s es an e r a s ree ,

Th e li H w it ght f t be
er es arr o as ou or o

It wou ld be impossible,wi thi n th e scope of thi s article, to go throu gh the whole

l i st of our songs Bu t there f oll owed wi thin th e next f ew years other songs which
.

seem to b e typica l of ideas to b e worked ou t in su bseq u ent series To interpret .

th e poets is of ten a s lippery and thankl ess tas k ; b u t we seem to fin d in th e co llee

ti on of songs th ree l ea ding ideas .

The first presents a comi c hi story of H arrow, wi th detached gl impses i nto the
darker ages of th e school Lyon of Preston (pu blished in 1 8 69 ) was th e first
.

of this seri e s ; b u t c hronol o ical ly we sh ou ld sta rt wi th th e granti ng of th e Charter

g
in Qu een Elizabeth

Q Elizabeth sat on e day,

u een

W atching h er mar in ers rich and gay,

h
An d t ere wer e th e i u r gu ns at a T lb y pl y ,
h
And t er e was th e o sea rover ; b ld
Up comes on , so ris Ly
and f ree, b k
Mk
a es h is bow, and h e says , says h e,

G rac ious Q
u een of th e an an d s ea , l d
F r om i ur T lb y F
ort to over
”
D .

St
. Joles ta kes us in to th e next century of Harrow s history ’
.
 SCHOOL SONGS AND M R . EAR LI ER 21 1

Wh en time was you ng, and th e school was new

( K ing James h ad pa inte d it b r igh t and bl u e),
In p t t dy, in g i f j y,
s or or s u r e or o

St J les w th f i d f th l y b y
. o as e r en o e az o .

Again , She was a Shepherdess is a highly idylli c pic tu re of Ha rro w, when

M y King Ch les m d wn t pl y,
err ar ca e o o a

A nd th e Latiner went
W ith satc hl
e and ci ph ering b k oo s at s i e d .

Grandpapa s Grandpapa carries us

’
f or ward a centur y to th e days when
R o dn ey a nd Bruce were boy s on th e Hi l l

y
And Rod ne , th e sai or boy,was one, l
B
An d ru ce, wh o trave l e f a r, was th e t ird l d h .

And las tly, Byron l ay gi ves us a similar glimpse of the f eelings with
whi c h our greates t poet and our m ost dis ti ngui shed Pr ime Min ister may ha ve
been regarded by thei r contemporaries a t Harrow
P l ld ve , y
ee n d m t own
cou ne r ou ee s us ,
H hym d n hymave r th Pe c hey tone ;
e o e r e on e a s

By hi t k h id
ron n ever s as ave sa

U d th p l wh PEEL i d
n er e ane er e s rea .

E n goose b in h
’
ve a s ra as u ses

C i k ting m d n w ed th r c e co ra es a s er u

W il l they e b , b b ver e ever e , ever e

W ill th y be b y li k ? e ever o s e us

But we mus t pass to th e second series ,whi ch consists of songs wri tten in honour
”
of hea l thy gam es .Of thes e Willow th e Ki ng ( wrongly dated 1 8 67 in the new
editi on) is th e ear li es t exa mpl e I t was ded i ca ted to those li f e long Harrow
.
-

co mrades , th e H on F Ponso nby ( Lo rd Bess b o rou h ) an d th e H on R Gri mston ,

. .
g . .

”
than whom , even a mong H arro vi ans, King Will ow has n o m ore l oyal f ri ends .

”
I t s trikes a first n ote, to b e ta ken u p in many l ater songs , su ch as October,
” ” ” ”
Down the Hill , Larry , Th e Ni ner, Thr ee Yards, and of course Forty
”
Years on .

J g j g t mp t mp d own th h il l we
o , o , ra , ra , e ru n ,

Wh n th e mm g m m with th
e su ermm n ; a es co e e su er su

On th g d ming l y g y d m
e rass rea a az rass rea ,
Li t t th e m y li k, wil l w t pping e m
s o err c c o a s a

B ll ing, th
e s r t i g, t g l l t t
r oa s s n
n n ; o a a a u e

Ch e ily h ee ily g
er th
, cft r oes e a ern oon .

D wn th e hill d w th hill fi dinne d op

o , o n e ,a er r r ,
S l ky b y , lky b y
u t y p n th e t p
o s su o s, s a u o o .

”
Th e Vo i ce of the Bell ( 1 8 7 0 ) is th e earlies t of yet another
takes the co mmon in c iden ts of Harrow li f e, dra ws ou t their morals
”
them in th e amber of a song .

E y d y in th e e ly mi ty m ing
v er a , ar s orn ,
H k h w th e h ll i inging di g d ing, d ing ;
ar o e s r , n s -
212 HAR R OW SCHOOL
Fi rst f or k
wa ing, secon f or a war ning,
a d
H ar k b l
h ow th e el is ringi ng, ing-a- ing, d ing d d .

Oh , w at a vh
oic e to terr if th e l az , y y
N ever a moment, n ever p
sto s or sta s y h e,
On till th e ears of th e isten ers grow c raz l y ,
Ding, ing-a-d ing d .

Under th e sa me heading will f all, unless we make a f anc if ul class ifica ti on, Fi ve
”
Hun dred Fac es, th e experience of th e timid new b oy among strange surroundi ngs
”
Boy, which revea l s th e drea ms deep in th e hea rt of th e y ou thf ul f ag, drea ms to
”
b e rea li sed in Jerry , wh o develops f ro m a f ag i nto a s well .

J y m nit b ld,
err
’
s a o or o

Ch mpi t k t d fi
a on a rac e s an ves

C i k te y thf l nd l d
r c e rs ou u a o

W hip hi orst d hi d iv s cu s an s r es .

An d ith some necessary omiss ions , we c ome to 1 8 7 2, the year of the co m

so , w
”
posi tion of Forty Years on Thi s is th e national anthem of Harrow ; f or does
.

it not br ing every hou se s i nging an d every s ch oo l co ncert to a cl ose, and does n ot
-

every Harrovia n , pas t or presen t, stan d to d o it h on o ur ? There are two stories

a bou t its co mp os i ti on whic h are o f interes t Th e words , or one verse of the .

words , copied ou t in th e a u thor s unusu a l “ ”

large rou nd hand, were gi ven to M r
’
.

Farmer as h e emerged f rom chapel afier th e early service of a Saint s Day, as it ’

then exi sted “

H e inqu i red bla ndly if any one h ad a pi ano in h is wa istcoat pocket
.
”
.

Failing such a convenient article, th e nea res t ins trument available was f ound in the

W e n “ A M

( a
‘

a
-

G
‘
'

w —m c
-

M M M M /

M a g
g
'

Fa csm rm or F ou r s Yaa ns ON IN ran Aur n oa

’
s I I
HA N DWR T NG .
21 4 H ARR OW SCHOOL
”
r oo ms F E Marshal l in I vy H
of Mr . . . which then stood on the s ite of th e ouse,

new wi ng Of M r Moss s ho use : th i ther a se lect f ew ad ou rned T e au thor gave

j h
’
. .

”
th e idea Of th e ch orus Foll ow up, and in less than ten minu tes the tune whi ch
h as become f amiliar to sc hool s f rom Land s E nd to John O Groat s was evol ved and ’ ’ ’

fitted to th e word s .

Th e second story rel ates to a line Of daring boldness which occurs in the l as t

God gi ve us bases , to g uard or b el eagu er .

Some doubt was at first expressed about th e exped ien cy of i ntrodu cing a
reli i ous sent im ent into a f oo tba ll song Th e q uest i on was ref erre d to M atthew
g .

Ar nold , then res id ing at Byr on H ouse H e u nhes i ta tingly dec ided f or th e line as.

it stood ; and his deci si on has been j u sti fied by th e gene ra lly devou t accepta nce Of
th e spir it Of th e verse .

From 1 8 7 4 there f o llowed f rom M r Bo wen, M r R obertson M r H owso n, and . .

, .

others a pro l i fic strea m Of songs ,co veri ng every f eatu re and every i n cident Of s ch oo l

lif e There has been nothing, however tr ivi al , f rom whi ch a lesson might not b e
.

drawn, a pi cture idealised, or a memory enhance d , by true poetry wedded to good

and s impl e m elody W hat delightf ul sermons are presented playf u lly agai nst
.

Ia uda tio temp or is acti in Giants

B t I think l l thi i l ie,y

u kn w, a s s a ou o

I th in k all this is a l ie ;
h
For th e er o-race may come and go,
d
B ut it oesn t exact d ie
’
ly
h
For th e matc we ose and win it again , l
B l l
And a al io comes to us now an d t en , h
An d if we ar e d warfing in b at and pen
D l
own to th e ast of th e Harr ow men ,

W e wi know th e r eason wh y
ll
or a
ga i
nst th e xl
e c usive s pirit of holarship and athl eti cism
sc in Jac k and Joe
ttl it J nd J k,
’
C nt y
a ou se e , oe a ac

S ttl it, b k nd pl y ?
e e oo s a a

D is whit
a nc e d ped nt i bl k ,e , an a s ac

H v t yo
a mf
en
’

g y ? u roo or ra

”
or i
aga n stguessing in S t JOl i th e ten dency to dispute
. es, or a a ns t
g
”
dec is ion in Cats and Dogs What encouragement under th e small .

work and routine is conveyed in Eu cl id

Oh , h h E lid b f
ave you , wit uc e ore y ,
ou

F ll f t d p i i gly t,
u O en es a r n sa

Th Fif th P p iti
e t fl y ro os on o oor ou

Y mind g tti g bl nk y
ou r e n a as ou r h at ?
in Good night -

W it acuter
G f u esses ree and f as t
Ty t t t ran u or

Pl bl t l
aca e a ast
 SCHOOL SONGS AN D M R . EAR LI ER 2 15

” ”
or in Fi ve Hu ndred F aces, or in A wa ke, boys , A wa ke . What lessons f rom
” ”
the grea t heri tage Of th e pas t are d rawn in Byron l ay, Ra leigh , or Stet
Fortu ne Domus
p
To-n igh t we raise th e f ormer a s dy
p
In atri otic c oru s , h
lb
And ce e rate th e goo and great, d
Wh o tr o th e ill ef ore u s
d h b .

And so might contin ue ; b u t th is artic le wou ld b e most undu ly extended if we

we
quoted more f rom lyrics which are so eminently qu ota ble .

The year 1 8 8 5 severed th e connec tion Of Dr Bu tl er and M r Farmer wi th . .

Harrow and its musi c ; and M r Bowen took th e opportunity to express in Songs
.

the ideal whi ch h e h ad ai med at in t his un iqu e li terature The wholes ome o rigin .

of sc hoo l s ongs, t hei r apparen t s l u mber in f or getf ul ness, thei r recurrence to th e

memory in af ter years, are th e su bj ects of three stanzas , which M r Farmer has
-
.

c l othed in appropri ate m el ody , dyi ng a way to retu rn u pon i ts el f .

W h en d p th b ld
roo s e o est ,

W h en h p fli ,
o e es

Wh en h t ld
ear s are c o es t,

D d g i
ea son s r se

Y g i
ou n d till,
vo ces soun s

B ight th ght th i ,
r ou s r ve

F i d p
r en s d till ,
ress arou n s

SO son s
g li ve.

And so th e first chapter cl oses Bu t the sp ring is . n ot dry . Th e su bj ects

wh i ch t he poet s hand ca n ad opt f or th e purpose Of a hool g m
’
sc son see never

to b e hau sted ; a nd two of th e poets, M r Bowen and M r Howson, ar e still

ex . .

am o ng u s Harrow has been inexpressibly f ortun ate also in finding in M r Faning,

. .

wh o too k up M r Farm er s work in 1 8 8 5, a composer Of th e first mer it f or these

’
.

1yrlca .

Th e tas k is not easy to write mel od ies which shall be good and yet popul ar ;
vari ed , et wi thi n th e sm a ll c ompass Of voi ces f reshly broken B ut M r Fe h ing a
’

y . .

twel ve songs are on as high a level , a nd are as popu lar wi th h is gen erati on Of
Harrovians, as were M r Farmer s wi th their predecessors
.
’
.

I t mu st not b e su pposed that schoo l songs and house s i nging are th e b e all - -

an d end al l Of H arrow mu s i c
-
B ut it does not f all within th e sc ope O f thi s arti c le
.

to dea l wi th th e other sides of our var ied school musi c, such as its orches tra, its
i nstrumental training, c horal clas s, glee and madrigal competitions , or brass band .

These al so have al l sprung into li f e within th e last thirty or f orty years ; ha ve

widened and c i vilise d ou r sch ool cu rri cu l u m In one or other of these di rec ti ons we
.

have been distanced by other schools ; b u t in ou r songs we may f airly claim to have
held a torch to th e world An d what a bond Of brotherhood they have been, and
.

are ! What a lever to honest ef f ort ; what a protest agai nst sham and tri ckery ;
what a hal o roun d th e memory Of sch ool days H ow Of ten,in th e stress and turmoil
”
of th e wider lif e to b e, th e word s of a sc hool song ri se in th e heart, with some
enc ou ra em ent appropriate to th e immedia te di f ficu l ty A n d n ot words al one,
g .
21 6 HA RR OW SCHOOL
b u t words wedded to m el ody,and re dolen t of th e Hill where we learnt to s ing them
together in self f orgetf uln eas
-
.

Al l men mu st learn its minstre l y,

s and l ifi
Th eir h b d
th e grou n on win gs of s ong
ea rts a ove .

h p
For S ong it is t at s ans th e mig t wor , hy ld
Brings th e f ar n ea r , en s i
g l d l h h
t w er e al l is ar d k ,
Gives sorr ow s weetn ess , an d h lp m
e s en l
to ive
An d die more no bly
E GR A H AM
. .
 C H A P T E R XX

C R I C KE T AT H AR R OW
Ar H arrow we are intensely conservati ve in our cr icket, as in al l other thi ngs, b u t
th e veries t Socia li st wou ld not des i re to see m ore radica l change in a cons ti tution
than we have seen in th e cric ket ground and arrangements a t Harrow in th e last
f orty yea rs . DO not l et me b e mi sun ders tood ; we are as conser vati ve as e ver, we
ha ve conser ved every thing that was worth conserving, b ut th e addi tion and al tera
ti ons to our grounds and ac cessori es ha ve been so rapid , and so numerous, that a
veteran , vi s i ti ng th e sc hoo l f or th e firs t tim e af ter an i nter val of twenty five years,
-

wou ld hardl y k now th e Old grou nd to b e th e sam e that h e remembered in h is

sc hoo l day s .

I n tha t peri od we have more than trebl ed th e size of th e original f reehold

c ri ck et fiel d , we ha ve di verted a pu bli c road , ac qu i red a c lu b f or O ld Harrovi ans ,
-

bu ilt f ou r new pavilions, and exca vated and levell ed land which f ormer volcanic
condi ti ons Ob vi ous ly never in tend ed f or c ri cket p u rposes . An d th e whole ex pense
h as been borne by volu ntary contribu ti ons ; a record of whic h any school may b e
j u stl y proud
Bu t we have done more than this . Th ir ty years ago al l b u t th e Sixth and
sometimes th e Fi f th Form G rou nds were so dif ficu l t, if no t danger u s, as to gi ve no
o
enco ura ement to th e y ou thf ul cri ckete r ; ba lls wou ld pass rapi d ly over th e hea d s of
g
th e ba ts m en an d lose them selves, me teor like, in one, if not two other gam es whi ch
-

were being played sim ul taneous l y in too cl ose proxi mi ty to them , an d cover po i nt -

of one ga m e wou ld not i nf req u en tly b e fieldin g wi th his bac k not ten yard s dista n t

f r om th e ba ts man of another game . I n place of thi s state of chaos we see now

a mple space f or twenty ga mes ; and , al thou h som e of th e grou nd s are ca pa ble of
g
improvement, th e worst ground of to— d ay is immeas u rably better than th e best
( e x ce p t i ng on ly th e S ix th F or m G ro u n d ) of f orty y ea rs .a
g o

A bout th e year 1 8 0 3 , th e enc l osur e of R oxeth C ommon too k place, and th e

Governors were a llotted , in lieu of their common rights, th e present Sixth Form
ground and si te of th e l ower school of John Lyon,in al l abou t eight ac res Pri or .

to that da te th e schoo l playing fiel d was th e churc h fiel d ,now th e s i te of th e rac k et

-

cour t and m n as i u m I t m us t have bee n , at an t di ng t m d n i d

gy .
y ra e ac cor o o er eas

Of th e ga me, a curi ous ki nd of cr i ck et tha t was play ed on this field on th e s ide of a

hill whi ch is too steep to run up, and the game so played woul d b e worthy of a
 H A RR OW SCHOOL
s pec ial prehi storic peep ill ustrati on if th e talented Old Harrovian artis t in
P u nc h c ou ld b e persu ad ed to gi ve us one There are rec ords be tween 1 8 0 3 and.

1 8 50 of grad u a l i mpr ovem en ts to the grou nd, al though a t somewha t di stant

inter vals I n 1 8 1 0 th e groun d was enclosed wi th raili ngs A su m of £45 was
. .

s pen t in drainage in 1 8 23 I n 1 8 4 5 th e captai n of th e Cri c k et Eleven re qu es ted

.

th e Govern ors to ref u n d a su m Of £62 9 2 expended in dr ai n age, an d, ever com

plac ent, they acced ed to h is re quest I n 1 8 46 a bri ck drain was mad e across th e
ound , whi ch , I bel i eve, st ill exi sts I n 1 8 4 9 l f s ix acres of th e p resent
g r a eas e o .

Philathl etic Ground was ta ken as an ad di ti on to th e growi ng wants of school

cr i ck et I t is , o f course, very eas y to b e wi se af ter any event, b ut, in l oo king bac k ,
.

it d oes appear to ha ve been more tha n ordi narily short sighted of th e sc hoo l -

au thoriti es in th ose ear ly day s to ha ve been bli nd to th e f ac t tha t it was essentia l

to a sc hoo l o f th e si ze of Harro w to have per manent l and f or recrea tion p ur poses .

I n those days land cou ld have been acqu ired at littl e m ore than agricu l tura l pri ce ;
et it was l ef t f or posterit y to f or thi s short s ighted n ess , an d pos ter i ty tr u ly
y p y
a -

h as paid through th e nose f or it I n 1 8 66,th rough th e energy of Messrs Ponsonby

. .

and G rim s ton, and th e ki n d res pons i ven ess of Old H arrovians, a porti on of th e
Philathletic Fi eld was purchas ed f or th e school In 1 8 8 5 a f ur ther por tion of th e .

same field was bought in m em ory o f M r Grim ston , and th e road was di verted wi th .

a porti on of th e m oney s u bs c ribed I n 1 8 9 2 th e Ni chol son Field was purchased by

.

M r Nichol son,wh o ha s given th e sc hool th e use Of it I n 1 8 9 3 th e two ac res to th e

. .

sou th of th e Phil athl e ti c were prese nted by M r Bo wen . .

Th e Old pavili on was , in 1 8 8 3 , su perseded by th e present one, th e pri nc ipa l

su bscr iber bei ng M r R Grimston, in wh ose honour a di nner was gi ven in th e
. .

pavilion by M r Bowen, at which so me m ost interesting speeches were mad e I t

. .

was at thi s di nner that Lord Bessb orough nomi na ted Wa lker and Weh be as
”
su ccessors to Ponsonby and Grimston I n 1 8 8 4 th e Field H ouse was pur chased .

by Messrs Ni cho lson and Ponsonby, and conveyed to th e school f or cricket

.

purposes , and part of it h as since been used as an Old H arrovian Clu b In .

1 8 8 4 th e road was di verted , thereby gi vi ng ad diti onal width to th e Sixth For m

Ground I n th e sa me year a smaller pavili on was erected on the Phi lathl etic Field
. .

Th e c ost of these two i mprovements was borne by th e sur pl us m oney of th e

Gri mston Memorial Fund I n 1 8 9 3 a pa vilion was built on th e Ni cholson land in
.

memory Of th e Re v W L aw, and in 1 8 9 4 another one on th e Phi lathletic Field in

. .

memory of C D Bu xton I n 1 8 96 some oak seats were erected by Lord Dun can non
. . .

on th e Ni ch ol son Grou n d in memory Of his u nc l e, Lord B essb orou h , f ro m whi c h

g
both th e Fi f th and Sixth Form gam es can b e vi ewed Th e levelling Of th e Nicholson .

Ground , on th e site of whi ch was an Old manor house, has proved to b e a di f ficu lt -

an d expensi ve m atter I t was commenced in 1 8 9 4 , M r F D Leylan d being a

. . . .

large su bscriber ; b u t si nce then immense care and trou ble, as well as money ,
have been expended on it by M r I D Wa lker, that never f aili ng f ri end to Harro w
. . .
-
.

A t vari ous tim es , and by degrees , th e s l ope Of th e hill f rom th e Field H ouse
pali ngs to where th e wi ckets are pi tched has bee n l evelled, un til now it is, at any
rate, f a ir ly good fiel di ng grou nd , where, in 1 8 63 , it was extrem e ly m gged and

precipitous .
2 20 H A RR OW SCHOOL
many wh o had spare time on their hands to wi tness th e care and trou ble they took
wi th t heir pu pils wi thout being fired wi th th e des i re to do what they coul d to help
them in these l abours Of l ove, and th e help of any ol d b oy, however hu mbl e his
a bility migh t b e, was al ways wa rmly we l com ed by them Lu cky indee d th e school
.

that cou ld b oas t of t wo su ch devotees ! B ut dou bly lu cky was H arrow to have
a successor at ha nd , ready , willi ng and ca pabl e in every wa of takin g thei r plac e
, y .

I t is li ttle short Of mar vell ou s that th e devoti on, ki ndness , liberal i ty ,and gen i us
f or i nstructi on Of Pons onby a nd Grimston shou ld have descended to th e s ch oo l in
M r I D Wa lker
. . . . B u t su ch is happily the case ,and h e exercises the sa me infl uence
over present and pas t H a rr ovi an s as they did , and to b oth a like h e is th e fina l

cour t of a pp ea l o n a ll m atters connec ted with th e wel f are of Harrow cr ick et .

Under his directi on a corps of amateur prof essi onal s may b e seen bowlin g at the
nets on pract i ce aft ernoon s, a nd givi ng hi nts to th e ri s i ng generati on of c ri cketers ,

and thus ca rrying out th e very best trad i ti ons of Ponson by a nd Grim ston .

During th e pas t season M r A C Mac laren h as been gi ving th e benefit of his

. . .

cri c ket instru cti on to H arrow, whil e M r A J Weh be and a host of others are
. . .

rea dy wi th their servi ces when requ i red .

Th e pas t f orty years ha ve seen cons iderabl e a lterati on in th e m eth ods of prac ti ce .

I n the first place, th e introd ucti on of nets h as revo l uti onised the whole sys tem Of
cri c k et f o in I n f orm er years th e S ix th Form p ractice wic kets were pi tc hed a t
gg g.

th e north end of th e grou nd, whi ch was then encl osed by a l ow post and rail s .

Th e f ags h ad to long s tOp and prevent th e ba ll f rom going throu gh th e rai l s, in

-

which l atter sad event they were exp osed to th e Obl oqu y of thei r m as ters Th is .

sys tem was co nti nu ed l ong af ter s id e n ets were i ntr odu ced f or th e saf ety of th e

prac tising ba ts men Th e f avourite time f or practisi ng in those days was in th e

.

even i ng, and grou ps of spectators u sed to cro wd beh ind th e wi c k et of a ca ndidate

f or th e El even, es peci a lly as Lo rd s dre w near I t was dou bt les s on accou nt of

’
.

this cro wding that th e time f or practi ce grad ually becam e ear lier an d m orni ng
practice came in vogue Lord Bess b orough was a great ad voca te of morning
.

practice wi thou t spectators, and on occas ions used to plac e wickets where th e
f i eldsm en sh ou ld stand, an d so sho w his p upil that his b ad hits were Of ten ca ught
and h is hard hi ts were not a l way s ru n s .

H e al so i ns titu ted a very ef f ective meth od of eveni ng prac ti ce f or one or two

seasons a bou t the ye ars 1 8 7 0 7 6 -
Eac h of th e eleven and choices ba tted in turn
.

un til they Obta i ned ten runs , n o ma tter h ow Of t en they were o ut, th e rem ai nder

fieldi ng or u mpi ri ng . By this means the i nf eri or ba ts men h ad an opportu nity of

getting, and j u dgi ng, runs which they seldom had in a real game ; and it not
inf req uently proved th e mea ns of con q ueri ng their ner vou sness Moreover, it was
.

exce llent practi ce f or fie ldi ng .A p ri ze Of a hat was gi ven by him at th e end of th e

term f or th e bats man wh o Obta ined h is runs in th e f ewest i nn ings .

Th e style of ba tti ng at H arrow h as a l tered wi th th e ti mes , and wi th the

immense improvement in th e grounds , and th e old H arrow style, whi ch h ad to b e
ad opted in order to b a t with any saf ety o n th e rou gh wi c kets of f orm er years , h as

ore —
gi ven pl ac e to m modern style i ndeed, Harrow batti ng,though no less eff ec tive
under m odem co ndi ti ons, may b e said to have l ost its char ac teri sti c pec uliari ty .
224 H A R R OW SCHOOL
one a bsent is rep orted , a has ty tick is entered on th e bill lis t, withou t a pa use
in th e s tride Stammerers make b ad shepherds , and mu ddle headed or nervous
.
-

”
pers ons wh o have ca ref ully coached themse lves up to say 7 2 al l here, ar e some
”
times up set by 7 1 u nexpec tedly repo rti ng one absen t, an d bri ng d own th e
”
c onte mp t Of th eir fl oc k by proc l aimi ng 7 2 al l absent ; thi s is a l ways ans wered by
”
a retort of 7 2 all stop , and th e lu ckl ess shepherd h as to m ake his apo l ogies l ater .

M r Bowen is Of t en timed in his rac e

. I n Ol d days h e u sed to b e less than a
.

mi n ute , b u t that was bef ore cri cket bill beca me so p opu lar and large N ow .

any thing betwee n a minu te an d a q uarter to a mi nu te and a hal f is th e us ual time .

Immediately it is over th e shepherds das h at M r Bo wen and report th e names of .

their a bsentees : in three mi nu tes or so all th e gam es are go i ng on aga in .

M r M C Kemp of H arrow and Oxf ord f a me was appoi nted a mas te r in 1 8 8 8 ,and
. . .

h as th e games o f th e schoo l u nder his immedi ate su peri ntendence H is en ergy is nu .

bounded , and h is great cri cket experien ce h as been of immense benefit to H arr o w .

Th e nu mber of games pl ay ed on a ha lf holi day af ternoo n h as increas ed in th e

-

last thirty years f rom f our regu l ar schoo l games to twelve, in addition to which
there are sec on d eleven matches bet ween th e vari ou s h ouses , making u p a total Of
-

a bo u t t wenty I n 1 8 63 th e f our schoo l gam es were th e Si xth Form ga me, played

.

o n th e present groun d ; th e Fi f t h For m game, played on part of th e sam e grou nd ;

th e Shell ga m e, played on th e si te Of th e pres en t pavili on ; an d th e Philathleti c

game, played on any ground in th at field which happened to b e vacan t Th e Fif th .

Form gam e was rem oved to th e Philathleti c Fiel d soon af ter the pur chas e of th e
latter,and was taken in hand by M r R Grims to n,wh o took great i nterest in it,and
. .

o f ten pre pared an d r olled th e wi c k ets h i mself in th e morn i ng H e used to s tand .

u mpire in this gam e and gi ve i nstructi ons all th e tim e, taki ng pa rt i c u lar ca re tha t

th e y oung bowlers shou ld no t over exer t themsel ves -

Th e sec ond Fi ft h Form game
.

was i nsti tu ted abou t this time and ta k en u nder th e s pec ia l charge of Lord
Bessb orough A nd ,as th e groun d was extended,th e gam es beca m e m ore nu merous,
.

and n ow, as bef ore menti oned , nu mber twel ve, cons ist i ng Of

Sixth Form Game . Shell Game .

First Fi f th Game . Fourth Form Game .

Sec ond Fif th Game (A ) . Trus tees Game

’
.

Second Fi f th Game ( B) . Nondesc ripts Gam e ’

.

Third Fif th Ga me . m ess ors Game’

.

R em ove Gam e Duf f ers Game

’
. .

With this extension of the grou nds to ac commodate twenty games , it is even
n ow on ly poss ible f or two thi rds of th e b oys to play cri cket a t th e sam e time
-
It .

may eas ily b e imagi ned , theref ore , th e temptati on there was f or l oafing in th e Ol d
days Th e system by whi ch these games are work ed is by appointi ng two or three
.

clu b keepers to eac h ga m e, wh o are res pons ible to th e ca ptai n of th e eleven f or th e

-

a m e bei ng p roperly ca rri ed on I regret to sa

y th at, soon a f ter th e middl e of th e
g .

su mmer term , th e interest in so m e of these ga mes d wi n dl es away ,a nd th e nu mber of

players becomes less and l ess , until, as Lord s approaches, th e boys pref er to
’

wa tch th e sc hoo l m atches, to playing them selves .

 CR ICK ET AT HAR R OW 22 5

Th e f eature of cri cket teaching at H arrow, as I have tried to show, has been,
-

and is , the pa tri oti sm of Ol d boys volunteering their i ns tructi on , b ut p rof essional

aid of course there a l way s has been .Th e ground man, Gilby, wh o was a f aithf u l
-

ser vant Of th e schoo l till 1 8 7 1 , was th e on ly regu lar man empl oy ed on th e ground ,

a l thou gh h e h ad occas i onal ass istance ; and et h e f oun d tim e to bo wl to th e bo s

y y .

Other bowlers, and there was a lways one, so metimes two others wh o came to th e
sc hool during those years ,were,I beli eve,paid f or by Messrs Ponson by and Grim ston . .

A lthough n ow the groun d s taf f is cons iderably larger, I am af raid that f or prof es
sional s H arro w is stil l ch i efly depen dent on vo lu n ta ry c ontr ibu ti ons .

Th e extensi on to Harrow Of th e Metropo litan R ai l wa y has m ade a cons idera ble

dif f ere nce in the attendan ce at th e tria l matches th roughou t th e sum er term, and
the cricket gro und is now at times a lmost th e f as hi onable l ounge f or used u p
- -

Londoners B u t f rom time to time th e accommodati on f or spectators h as been in

.

creas ed ,and,with th e wideni ng Of th e n d th y ly i n te f wi th th ri k t

grou , e r are r ere e c c e ,
though at tim es they aggravate th e ba ts man by crossing th e lin e behind th e bowler s
’

arm . Th e nu mber Of matches played duri ng th e term h as increas ed of l ate years,

an d this , perh aps, h as not been an a l together unmixed bl ess in S ome of th e
g .

Elevens which co me down year af ter year are not nearly strong enough to make
anyt hi ng of a m atc h wi th an average school El even,and th e resu lt is th e waste of a

day which might b e mu ch better empl oyed in a good Sixth Form game, in whi ch
more Of th e choices woul d b e playing .

Th e select i on Of th e El even rests solely with th e ca ptai n , and a terri bly di f ficul t
tas k h e of ten has ,m ore es peci al ly when th e nu mber Of vac ancies is sm al l I t is eas y
.

to cal l to mind a l ong li st of nam es Of as pi rants to Eleven honours whose af ter

perf ormances have proved tha t they shoul d ha ve been chosen, b ut wh o, f rom
ner vousness or ill l u ck , ha ve f a il ed perh a ps in th e very las t m atch , when t wo, or

even thre e, were tryi ng f or th e las t place A gai n, a l ong li st cou ld b e compiled of
.

those wh o were chosen ear ly in th e term , and , f rom carel essness or other ca uses ,
u l tim ately proved that thei r se lect i on was wrong Truly, al though a mu ch coveted
.
-

honour, th e ca pta in s lif e is not al ways a ha ppy one

’
.

One of th e great f ea tures of Harrow cri cket are th e house matches Th e first
.

” ”
ti es are played of f bef ore Lo rd s, and , af ter rd s, until th e l ast week of th e
’ ’

term, they are in f ull s wi ng, th e enthus ias m Of th e s pectators bei ng apparent to th e
on l ookers, and au di ble at th e Metro poli tan R ail way Th e house which wi ns Cock
.

H ouse Match is entitled to keep th e Challenge Cu p presented by Lord Bess b orough .

Coc k House Match is played ,as a rule, on th e las t Saturday of the term .

H arrow is, I believe, one of th e f ew school s where cri cket is played in the
Mi chaelmas te rm,when th e traditi ona l goose match is played This was started .

on th e 22 nd Sep tember 1 8 49 by M r C O Eaton, wh o co nti nu ed to get u th

. . .
p e

match until th e year 1 8 9 5 . I n 1 8 65 it was played f or th e firs t time in October, as

Messrs Eaton, Ponsonby, and Grimston thought that th e later it was played th e
.

l onger cricket wou ld go on, and, theref ore , th e better it woul d b e f or Harrow
cr i cket. In th e days when th e midsu mmer holidays extended over a peri od of only
s ix week s, and th e sc hoo l reassembled abou t th e 1 2 th of September, there were
Of ten three weeks cri cket in th e f ootba ll term ,and the goose match exci ted much
’

Q,
 HAR R OW SCHOOL
more interes t in the school genera lly than it does at present, at leas t half the boys
being on the ground to watch it .

A m ongst many i nteres ti ng i tems belonging to H arrow cri cket th e H arrow

Wanderers Cl u b mu st not b e omitted Th i s was origina lly starte d by boys then in
.

th e sc hoo l to play ma tches during th e first week of th e hol idays Th e first ma tch
.

was played on th e first day of th e mid su mmer holiday s, 1 8 65, at Pu tney Park
against M r A lbert Hu tton s e leven I t was worth y of n ote tha t,wi th one excepti on,
’
. .

th e Eleven was entire ly c omposed of pres en t H arrovi ans , an d no member Of the

sc h oo l Ele ven was playin g, th e la tter bei ng en a ed in th e ann ual ma tch at Moor
g g
Par k The Wanderers were, however, eas ily vi ctorious in the ir first matc h In
. .

1 8 7 0 th e Wandere rs took thei r firs t northern tour under th e generalship of M r .

I D Wal ker, and ha ve contin ued to do so under the same leader ever si nce The
. . .

re cord of their doin s is wor thy Of a separate vol u m e, and wou ld te ll a cur i o us
g
history Of h ow strong batting, and admirable fielding, wi th comparati vely littl e
bowling, have overcome some most powerf u l Elevens Th e reports of th e Harrow.

Wanderers matches are al ways eagerly watched by their H arrow f ri ends

’
.

I will only briefly touch on th e su bj ect whi ch is really th e he al] and end al l Of -

Harrow cr ic ket, namel y, the annual matc h against Eton Th is is dea lt with in .

a nother cha pter , b u t I ma b e pardoned f or introd u cing here one o r two rem arks
y .

Considerable changes have come a bout in the annual f u nction withi n a compar ati vely
s hort tim e . I believe I am right in sayi ng that boundary hits were first counted in
1 8 64 . A t an y rate, there is a trad iti on tha t in or a bou t 1 8 61 a bal l, hit by one of
th e pl ayers, was hidden behind a partisan s carriage whee ls whil st runs were bei ng
’

”
mad e by th e bats men A nd then th e chaf f was l ou d and f uri ou s, an d of ten
.

horribly personal On one occasi on Harrow possessed a f as t u nderhand bo wler,wh o

.

was greeted with shou ts of Sneaks, Snea ks whenever h e bo wled One Etonian .

”
spectator s houted ou t, Tr y a f u ll pi tch ! Th e bowler happened to do so,and th e
bats man got caught at c over point f rom th e same f ull pitch Wh en the boundary
-
.

was first i ntrodu ced it counted onl y thr ee run s , and con ti nu ed to do so u p to 1 8 7 0 ,
when it was al tered to f our .

A t presen t th e nu mber of matc hes won by each school is , H arrow 29 , E ton 27

b ut two Of th e matches ha ve al ways been th e ca use of di spu te, namely th e matches
o f 1 8 0 5, when By ron play ed , and tha t of 1 8 57 , ca ll ed E toni an s and H ar rovi ans

un der twenty . Th e f ormer was won by Eton and th e latter by H arrow, b u t both
a pparently were play ed under th e sa me condi ti on s Th e secreta ry of M C C was
. . . .

as k ed to dec ide th e questi on, and wrote as f o ll o ws : I dec ided to erase bo th the
1 8 0 5 and 1 8 57 matches a nd f urther, I f orgot to menti on that the 1 8 0 5 match
”
is n ot re corded either in th e M C C scores nor in Bentley s
’
. . . .

From a cricket poi nt of vie w,th e prin cipa l obj ec tion to these f uncti ons h as been
th e nu mber of times th e match has been dra wn f rom rai n or other ca uses Since .

1 8 60 no f ewer than fif teen have en ded in thi s unsati sf ac tory way B u t by way of
.

compensati on we ha ve had som e rea lly c l ose matches , and one tha t in 1 8 8 5 h
( ) as

bec ome al m ost h i storica l In 1 8 7 0 th e match was won by Eton by 2 1 ru ns af ter

.

Harrow had been about that number of runs ahead on the first i nnings This .

match was probably won by a tour de f orce Harris, th e Eton ca ptai n, when the
.
 C H A P T E R XX I

TH E ET N O AN D H A RR OW MAT H C
CON S I DE RI N G h ow great is th e interes t ta ken in th e Eton and Harrow match, it is
c uri o us tha t there shou ld b e so litt l e k no wn of its origin Th e earliest record of .

an
y m atch is p reser ved on th e m argin of a n MS co ll ecti on o f E ton verses a nd .

trans lati ons , n ow in th e Vaughan Library, an d runs thus : N ote by th e R ev B . .

Dr ury on th e death Of Tom Lloyd, Feb 1 8 0 1 I n a cr i c ket match between the

. .

Eton and Harrow boys, Tom Ll oyd beat th e Harro w boys Off h is own b at in one
i nn ings ; on that occa s ion h e ca u ght a cold whi ch caused his death Th e match .
’

in qu es ti on must have been played in 1 8 0 0 In deed , Eton seems to have been firs t.

in th e field by a l ong way Ben tley s Correct Accoun t gi ves th e score s Of severa l
’
.

matches in which Eton (Old E tonians), generally with th e aid of two or thr ee
”
gi ven men, played agai nst Mary Le Bone bef ore th e beginni ng of this
centu ry ; whereas his first m enti on Of Harro w is th e m atch of 1 8 22 .

M r Percy Thornton, in his mos t i nte resting bo ok, H ar row S cho ol a nd its
.

S u r r ou nd ing s , tells us tha t th e earlies t score extant is that of a ma tch pl ayed

”
on 2 nd A u gus t 1 8 0 5, whi ch seem s to ha ve bee n wha t is ca ll ed a pick u p -

con test ; th at is to sa , th e El even s were co mp osed accidenta lly , an d not in th e

y
seri ous and orthodox m anner so f a miliar to m embers of ei ther sch oo l tod ay In
1
.

this match Lord Byr on took part, sc ori ng 7 an d 2 ; b u t it seem s that his c l aims to
b e call ed a goo d cri c kete r were n ot bas ed on such firm f ounda ti ons as was h is f ame
as a p oet Th e qu es ti on arose whether this m atch cou ld b e considered a re pre
.

se nta tive one, and M r Thornton te lls us that E ton sent th e f oll owi ng epi ram to
.
g
Harrow
Ad en t o boy of H ow S ho l f i ket yo e no kn owledg ’
v ur u s s arr c o ,o cr c u v e,

Ye pl yed not i ket , b t th e f ol , with men of Et n Coll ege

a cr c u o o .

TO which they rece ve i d th e f ollowing reply

Ye Et n wit , t pl y th e f l
o s o a oo

I n t th b s t of H
o ew S h ol ;
oas arro c o

N w n d e , then, t
O o d f e t,
r a ou r e a

F lly like yo ld n b e b tou rs cou

’
e er ea .

1
Th e matc h w pl y d ias a e n th e ol d grou n d wh er e D orset S quare n ow stands , and en dd
e in a

victor yf or Eton .
 TH E ETON AN D HARR OW MATCH 22 9

I t is not till th e
year 1 8 1 8 that the next record is a vail able, when H arrow won
by 1 3 runs ; and f rom that time th e res ul ts Of th e matches have mostly been
preser ved, though occas ionally circu mstances have made it impossibl e f or the
ann ual co nte st to take place N0 match was played in 1 8 56,and in the next year
.

th e ga m e was of an irre gul ar nature , only eight of th e H arro w and seven Of th e

Eton Elevens Of the year taki ng part in it For some year s, f rom 1 8 25 to 1 8 54, .

th e three schoo ls, Eton, Winchester, and H arrow, pl ayed each other ; b u t, though
E ton and Winchester ha ve continued to play at ea ch schoo l a lternately , Harrow
h as f or some tim e only played Eton There are many of us who would wel come a
.

revi va l Of th e O lder practi ce, and woul d b e glad to see Harro w an d Wi nc hes ter

renew their Ol d contests .

Though eac h schoo l h as had ups and downs, th e general record Of wins and
losses has kept very level In the matches against Eton since 1 8 1 8 , Eton held
.

a t first a strong l ead , win ni ng six matches of th e ree l between 1 8 23 and 1 8 3 2 th e

(
scores of 1 8 26, 1 8 29 , 1 8 3 0 , and 1 8 3 1 have peri shed , or el se th e m atch was n ot

played in these years), and by 1 8 41 h ad won twelve matches to Harro w s five ’

.

Th e turn of th e tide cam e in 1 8 48 , that year of revoluti on, when Harrow won h er
ei hth vi ctory as a ainst E ton s s ixteenth F r om then ti l l 1 8 68 E ton onl y added
g g .

two vi ctories to h er list,and by tha t time H arrow stood two m atches ah ead (twenty
to eighteen ) 1 8 69 opened a sequ en ce of Etoni an succes ses, Harrow onl y taking
.

one m atch ou t of th e next nin e, two bei ng dra wn , and cons e qu ently m 1 8 77 Eton

was aga i n thr ee ah ead Since 1 8 7 8 E ton h as agai n f allen u pon a somewhat
.

barren twenty years ; three matches have gone to h er players , and eight to
Harrovi ans : no less than nine ma tches have ended in a draw, such bei ng th e
u nsa ti sf ac tory fini sh of th e l ast f our yea rs Th e res u l t has been that the .

sc hool s were l evel , twen ty five wi ns each in 1 8 8 6, and a ai n twenty six wins
'

g
- -

each in 1 8 8 8 , and a t p resent H arrow h olds a l ead of In th e contes t

1
two .

wi th Win chester, Harrow al so started d i sas trous ly by l os in g six m atches straight

Of f , b u t m ade u l ost grou nd by degrees , and in 1 8 54, when th e Wi nchester
p s

match was dropped, held th e same lead which sh e does against Eton at
present .

Th e nam es associ ated with th e Eton and H arrow matc h are to o nu mero us to b e
given here, and we ca n only menti on a f ew of them Th e Lubbocks,th e Lyttel tons, .

and th e Stu dds at E ton, th e Wa lkers , th e H ad ows, th e Kemps , an d th e C ra wleys

at Harrow,re present f a milies to who m connecti on with th e E l even of thei r respecti ve

sc hool s seem s to com e, as a matter of course, to eac h su ccessi ve m ember Family .

di vi s ions, h owever , occur so metim es I n 1 8 7 8 two d e P aravicini s played , one f or ’

.

E ton and one f or Harrow Th e name of C R H om by in the Eton Eleven of 1 8 59

. . .

se e m s on th e wro ng s ide, al th ough h e was not a member of th e same f amily as th e

f amou s H arrovian cr i cketer wh o, f or so many years , ca ptai ned th e Lancas hire

Eleven Similarly th e recent a ppearance of a Stu dd in th e H arrow rank s wou l d
.

lead an Eton ian spectator at Lord s to say wi th Truthf u l James ’

1 Thi l d
s exc u es f rom th e rec k oning th e matches Of 18 05 and 1 8 57,f or th e reas ons state d on
p . 226 .
23 0 HARR OW SCHOOL
Do I s ee ? DO I d r eam ?
l p
DO I won er and ou t ? d d b
h
Are t ings w at t e seem ? h hy
O r is vis ions a out ? b
Perhaps th e most pi cturesq ue insta nce Of relati ves in dif f erent ca mps occurre d '

in the H arro w and Wi nc hes ter match Of 1 8 25 Charles Wordsworth gi ves th is .

ac count Of it : The match was memora ble because th e names Of two brothers
were to b e seen placarded in th e pri nted bil l s op pos i te each other at th e head Of
their resp ecti ve Elevens , both bei ng C Words worth C in the one case standing .

f or Charles, and in th e other f or Chri stopher

1 2
I n th e latter case, however, .

Christopher was not actually ca ptai n,nor was he one Of thei r bes t bats men, tho ugh
excellent in th e field ; b u t his nam e was pl aced at th e top as bei ng seni or in th e

sc h oo l
. At the same time it m ust be added that h e was very s uccessf u l , m u ch
m ore s uccessf ul than his brother,th e Harrow ca ptai n,who h ad to bowl agains t him .

Th e truth is , h e qu i te u nderstood my bowli ng, whi c h happen ed that day to b e at

”
its wors t, and he cu t it abou t very u n m erci f ully .

I ndividu al s wh o have been f a mou s cri cketers m us t al so b e menti oned , su ch as

Lo rd Harris and M r Longman on one side, and M r A J W eb b e, M r F S
. . . . . . .

Jackson,and M r A C Mac laren on the other

. . . .

Th e f oll owing have mad e one hu ndred runs and u pwards in an i nni ngs at Lord s
’

f or H arrow
1 8 60 A W T Dani el
. . . .

A K Watson
188 5
l
. .

E Crawley .

1888 R B H oare . . .

1 8 95 J H S togdon
. . .

1 8 97 T G 0 Cole . . . .

The highest indi vidual i nnings ( 1 57 ) as yet made in the match was played by S ir
E miliu s Ba iley f or Eton in 1 8 4 1 , b u t C o le has the cred i t Of th e h ighes t aggregate
f or two inni ngs , namely, 1 7 8 Bes ide these, remarkable inni ngs were played by
.

Mai tland in 1 8 62 , wh o, on a diflicul t wi cket in the las t innings Of th e ma tch, scored

7 3 out Of a tota l Of 1 45 ; and by A J Weh be, wh o, in 1 8 7 4, prac ti ca lly had to. .

play Eton single handed H e was beaten, b ut not disgraced , f or he scored in his
-
.

two i nn ings , 77 and 8 0 : his eleven a lli es, i ncl u di ng tha t steady scorer Extras ,
made 7 8 and 65 am ongst them A C Mac laren in his firs t and l as t years in th e
. . .

Eleven did two remar kable perf ormances I n 1 8 8 7 , bei ng then fif teen, he m ad e 55 .

and 67 , and in 1 8 9 0 h e m ade 7 6 ou t Of a tota l of 1 3 3 I n 1 8 8 3 T Greatorex . .

rema i ned unc on qu ered by th e Eton bowlin g, whi ch was a ided by a c ombin a ti on

Of gl oom , wet, thu n der, and lightni ng which sugges ted cr i cket on th e Broc k en,

1 Th e wr iter ,th e H arrow ca tain , wh o was aft erwar s secon master at W inc ester, an d ater
p d d h l
B hp . d
is o of S t An r ews . H e won th e extraor in ar at etic distinction of a in
g d
f or xf or in y hl pl y O d
fi y k h
th e rst Universit cric et matc an d rowing in th e rst Univers it oat rac e in 1 8 29 fi yb .

2 H ead master of H arrow f rom 1 83 6 to 1 8 44 and ater

, is o of inc o n l B hp L l .
 HARR OW SCHOOL
two Old straw h ats , in th e pa vili on two por traits , and benea th them th e f ollo wing
inscripti on
rN M EM OR Y or

H ON OBE RT GRrH s IO N AND F RE DE R I CK PON SON BY, E AR L or REssROROUGH ,

. R
'

F A M OUS c mc rE ns , LOYAL HAR R OV I A N S , B LAM E LESS GENTLE H EN ,

'

WHOS E r amN De r , BEGUN rN sCH OOI DA YS , .

A N D C E ME NTE D ON FIE LDS or EN GLrs H e Rr ,

REN DE R E D M ORE CON S PI CUOUS TH E LOVE THE Y DORE r o HA R RO W,

WHE R E, THROUGH FI FT Y s urm s n , W HI LE TE A C HIN G s e I IN carom s .

TH EY TA UGH I A LS O M A N LI NE SS A N D HON O UR
’ ‘
.

No Harro w b oy, past or present, can l ook u pon the pi ctures of th e men or rea d
th e inscripti on withou t f eeling tha t if there is nothi ng else to be sa id f or H arrow
cri cket, it cann ot b e deni ed tha t it brought to H arrow f or m an y deca des two Of th e

best an d kindest men th e world has ever pro duc ed .

Harrow is ,however,f ortu nate in still ha ving a s taunch f ri end in M r I D Wal ker, . . .

wh o means to do al l h e ca n to help th e boys to keep u p their repu tation ; an d in

M r M C Kemp, a f a mo us O ld Harro w and Oxf ord wi cket keeper, th e ca ptain Of
. . .
-

th e Eleven h as a f ri en d to who m h e will never tur n in va i n .

For some years,f ro m a bout 1 8 7 5 to 1 8 8 5,th e m atc h was prac ti ca lly managed f rom
th e pa vi l ion by M r I D Wa lker f or H arro w, a nd M r R A H Mi tchel l f or E ton ;
. . . . . . .

th e ou t fiel ds man neares t th e pa vilion used to com e f or instructi ons and carry them
-

to the ca pta in On more than one occas i on th e so mewhat lu di crous spectacle h as

.

been seen Of th e whol e field being placed and re ady f or a certain bowl er, and having
to b e enti rely m oved f or a f re s h bowler, owi ng to th e arri va l Of a des pa tc h f ro m
headquarters By mutual consent this system has been discar ded , and th e match
.

i s now m ana ed by th e res pec t i ve ca p tains O n one occas i on a singul ar mista k e

g .

occurre d I n consequen ce Of this system Of m a nage m ent f r om th e pa vili on, a mi sta ke

wh ich, unf ortunately f or Harrow, did not cause the disas ter to E ton whi ch might
ha ve been expected A H arrow bats man was playi ng a most brill i ant inn ings and
.

def ying al l the cha nges Of bowling M r Mitchell sent ou t a message that a certa in . .

bowler was to be tried Th e out fiel dsman did not cl early hear the name, and to ok
.
-

out th e na m e of one wh o was certai n ly not reno wned f or his bo wling To M r . .

Mi tchell s horror he saw this bowler commence th e atta ck, b ut th e horror turned
’

to smiles when th e Harrow wicket was Obta ined in his firs t over I believe h e was .

j u di c ious ly removed af ter this over, and al lowed to reti re on his laure ls .

A c uri ous incident occurred when th e present Mas ter Of Tri ni ty, Dr Bu tl er, .

was playi ng at Lord s When he h ad scored abou t 20 runs h e received a violent blow
’
.

on th e k nee , on accou nt Of whi ch pl ay was stopped f or so m e mi nu tes Th e oppos i ng .

s ide cro wded rou nd him , express i ng their sorrow and s u gges ti ng vari ou s remedi es .

When play was res umed,and he h ad got to the end Of th e bowler (R eay) who had
ca used th e mis hap , th e u mpire said to him, I t s lucky f or you , sir, tha t you
’

was it s ard , as the bowl er f orgot to as k f or l eg bef ore , and you was c l ean ou t
’ ’
o

N O account Of th e Eton and Harrow match can b e co mpl ete wi thou t s ome noti ce
Of its dev l opm ent as a soci ety f unc tion
e Nowaday s it is a cr i ck et match and a .
23 6 HAR R OW SCHOOL
atten d this annual Lo ndon picnic come wi thout th e s mallest i ntenti on Of taking any
interest in the cric ket, b ut in order to see their f riends d o Lord s, and general ly ’

enj oy themse lves . Agai n ,a cri cketer,pro vid ed h e is not him self an Old member Of one
Of our great p u bli c sc hoo ls , ma b e i nc li ned to ma ke so m e cyn i ca l rem ar k s u pon th e
y
f ac t that so mu ch interest is ta ken in cr ic ket played by boys , when, in h is opin ion,
only Ge ntlem en o Pl ayers , or s om e b i c ounty matc h ,wou ld j us ti f y so m u ch interes t
.
g
and enthu s i as m ; or if h e has com e in order to pic k ou t cr i c keters Of th e f u ture, it

may amuse, if it does not annoy,him to find that th e applause as Of ten owes its
”
origi n to th e des ire to re ply , as to any par ti cu l arl y good pi ece Of cr icket .

”
H ow Of ten, nevertheless, have we Old boys, wh o l ove th e match f or O ld as
soci ati ons sa ke,j oini ng in th e roar Of l a ughter in reply to th e l ou d sh ou t of well
’

cau ght comin g f r om th e other side,and greeti ng th e s mar t field i ng Of a ba l l whi ch

has look ed to over eager f ri ends as if it were a ca tch , enj oyed th e di sa ppoi ntment
-

ca used when they rea lise d tha t it never was a catch , b u t tha t th e bal l had al rea dy

hit th e groun d ?
”
Tim e was when c ha f f played a much larger par t in the game than it does
now . W h o is likely to f orget th e shouts tha t greeted a certain f a m ou s cri ckete r
” ”
when h e went on to bowl u nderha n d grubs That b b b b bowled, each 6 mar k
- - - -

ing a ste p of th e bowler s run,was a cry whi ch wou l d have di sconcerted any b u t the
’

cool est and m os t sel f possessed

-
A nd wh o h as n ot s miled at th e rem ar ks wh i ch us ed to
b e addressed to th e deep fiel ds by th e representati ves Of th e Oppos i ng sc hoo l,stan ding
immediately behind them One Of two f amous Old taun ts wh ich,though now merely
memories, were common in Etonian mouths thirty y ea rs ago, was Who shot th e
”
marker ? a sarcas tic inqu iry whi ch a lways remained u nans wered,f or th e ac cident at
th e Harrow b utts was an i nvention Of ou r r i va ls im aginati on ; the other was th e
’

u n ki nd express i on Of sympathy addres sed to a n H arro w pl ayer wh o f el t f or h is

y
tro u ser poc kets , an all u s i on whi ch had to b e trea ted wi th th e scorn it deser ved .

A gai n, in the O ld days bef ore th e new pavili on was buil t, th e f oll owi ng scene,
probably not devoid of humou r to any one ex cept the pers on most concerned, might
f re q u ently have been wi tnessed . Th e match is over, a nd th e f ri ends Of th e wi nning
s ide determi ne to chai r thei r cha mpions ro und th e groun d . Th e crowd and th e
exci tem ent m ak e this by n o m eans an eas y tas k . Eventu ally,however,the heroes
are seized, h oisted , a nd carri ed d o wn toward s th e O ld spiked pal i n s wh i ch used to
g
f ence Off the pa vil i on f rom th e ground : th e entrance gateway is, Of cou rse, bl oc ked ,
so an eff ort m us t b e made to pas s th e f a vouri te over th e f en ce .Owing to the
crowd , to th e brea th lessn ess of th e ca rr i ers , a nd p oss ibly to th e s o lidity Of th e
”
bl ue, th e task proves to be beyond the strength Of th e bea re rs, wi th th e resu l t
that th e hero is depos ited on th e ra il s, and is , wi th di f ficu l ty, ex tri cated f ro m a
position which is more painf u l than glori ous, b u t one which , wi th al l its drawbac ks,
f ew of us wou ld n ot b e proud to ha ve filled .

The rough el em en t, in th e shape Of hu mble and disrepu ta ble, b u t belli cose an d

ard ent, l oca l s u pp ort ers Of each sch oo l , were ac cus tom ed to co m e to Lo rd s c lad in
’

eccentri c costu mes ,and m uch bedec ked wi th th e co lours Of th e sch oo l they su pported .

Th e exci tement of the two d ays , and perha ps th e thirst engendered by th e heat,
general ly proved too mu ch f or their f eelings, and af ter the close Of play a f ree fight
 THE ETON AN D HA R R OW MA TCH 23 7

Of ten took place But at times th e fighting was not always confined to the ro ugh
.

el em en t There have been occas ions when the scholars ( if not the pare nts of
.

scho lars) have ta ken and recei ved blows on th e eventf ul second Satur day in Jul y .

On one occas i on h ats were f re e ly s mashed , and a f action fight ens u ed ; b u t this was
on l y once, and now th e you th of th e per i od is , as a ru le, m ore sta id and less

ex ci table tha n his own f a th er .

N 0 one wh o was present wi l l f orget th e scene at the match in 1 8 66, when

play was sus pen ded f or a time, and h ot and angry argument reigned supreme in
th e pavili on Th e com bell i was as f oll ows : One of th e Eton batsmen hit a bal l
.

which h e believed reached the bou nda ry, and walked leisurely to th e opposite
wi c ket (th e bou ndary in th ose days counted three in stea d Of f our) Th e ba ll ,however, .

did n ot reac h th e boun dary , and th e H arrow fiel ds man retur ned it to th e bowler,
a nd th e bats m an was run ou t Then a protest was ra ised by th e Eton capta in,wh o
.

maintained that th e ba ll h ad hit a spectator wh o had encroached on th e ground,

a nd was, in f ac t, equ i va lent to th e bo u ndary A l though this took plac e so me time
.

bef ore the time appointed f or drawing the stu mps, no f urther play took place that
even i ng, and d is c or d reigned su preme However, u ltimately better counsels pre
.

v ail ed and th e m atter was sett led ami ca bly , th e H arro w ca ptai n O f f er i ng th e ba ts

man to go in agai n, whi ch th e latter dec li ned , a nd th e u mpire s dec is i on was final
’
.

E ven th e pol ice at times contribute a gra in Of unconscious hu mour N o doubt .

they find th e h orde Of b oy spec tators ra th er tryin g to th e temper, un certain and

-

s l o w in th e p rod u ction Of th e ti ckets whi ch entitle them to f r ee admiss ion to th e

ran d a nd to the ir s choo l s ta nd , and corres pondi ngly qu ic k in excuse, evas i on, and
g
repar tee Consequ ently R obert is on his guard On one occa si on it is tol d that the
. .

s ma lles t an d y oun gest m ember Of th e H arrow E l even presented him se lf at th e ate Of

g
Lord s on th e morning Of the second day,and was maki ng his way through, when h e
’

”
was stopped with a demand f or his tick et I haven t got one, h e replied ; I m one
’ ’
.

”
Of th e H arrow Eleven R o bert l oo ked at th e so lemn s ma ll b oy, wi th admi rati on
.

“
f or what a ppea red to b e rea lly cons u mm ately cOOl cheek , a nd ans wered, C om e, sir ,
”
ou you ng en l em en d o say rum thin gs , b ut you can t expect me to beli eve tha t
’ ’

y g .

B ut th e truth 18 , th e match lends i ts elf m ore to so ber seri ousn ess than to j oke .

Old men look grimly on, hard ly dari ng to speak when thin gs are going against
thei r school Th e l igh t and th e dark bl u es divide i nto two distinct ca mps,and devote
.

themselves to cheeri ng their f riends as each point is scored aga in st the ad v rsary ,
e
and m su ch c i rcu mstan ces it is not eas y to find m uch tha t bel ongs to th e com i c side .

There Is no dou bt that Eton and Harrow par tisans do not find mu ch that I s comi c
in a c l ose fini s h, su ch as that Of 1 8 8 5 , when in th e f ourth i nni ngs, af ter a ppea ri ng
—
to have a comparati vely light tas k bef ore them 9 3 runs to m ak e in cl ose on two
hours— Harrow wickets f ell so f as t that a quarter Of an hour bef ore time seven
wi ck ets were down f or 7 3 , and Harrow stil l wanted 20 runs to win A win, a .

draw, or a def eat seemed any of them possible Def eat, however, was soon Of f th e .

car ds, and ex ci tem ent rose higher, ti l l , when at th e begi nn i ng of wha t was bel i eved

to b e th e las t over , th e ga me stood a tie Th e first three ba ll s deli vered to

1
.

1
F nd th mpi
ar ra s, th
e u i
re on wh en k d n th M d y f ll wing if it w th
e occas on , as e o e on a o o as e

l t
as id th
over , sa w ld here b en n m
ou ave e o e ore.
238 H AR R OW SCHOOL
E M Bu tl er, th e Harro w ca pta i n Of th e year, were not scored Of f ,b ut f rom th e
. .

f ourth th e winning hit, a f our , was scored , and th e m atch was won on th e very
strok e o f tim e
. I c ss dramati c b u t m ore d ra wn ou t was the intere st Of 1 8 7 8 , when
Eton went in to get a long score in th e las t innings, and were beaten by 20 .

l pp d fi h
Lad ies c a e , as th e g t was f oug t, h
h
An d th e c an ces went an d came
lk k l l
An d ta san l ow, til you a most t ou g t h h
l d
You ive in th e moving game .

dl d fi d hy
0 , goo a s in th e el t e were,
Lb d h
a ou r e , an d ran , an d t r ew ;

h b h
B u t we t at sat on th e en c es th ere,
h k
H ad th e ard est wor to d o .

W h t i it ? f ty—thi ty m
a s or r or e ?
Y ouin th t wh it ,
e rous ers e

Wh at did me to Harrow f or,

y ou c o

l
I f we ose th e ma tc to-nig t ? h h
p h
I f a finger s gras , as a catc comes
’
d wn , o

G oes a th dth p t t y
ou san ar as ra

H ea ven s t th i k th o f l k in t wn
n ere a re o s o

Wh t lk f th g m
o a o pl y e a e as a

O ver — b t m t d ily t
a s en s ea se

O ver— m id n g i a e a a n

If it l t f
as s a scor e o y t overs e ,

It m y h n
a ct t a th b i
ce o u rn e ra n.

E d it fi i h it
n , n s S h m t h uc a a c

Sh t th b
or ens th w d w
e rea e ra ,
Lose it t a l — t h
on ce , or e s e a ca c

Ah ! 1

This is a very brief summary of the hi s tory of cri cket as played between the
two sc hoo l s at Lord s, and it l ea ves m uc h yet to b e told ; b u t, whether f ro m th e
’

h i stor i cal or hu m orou s p o int Of view, thi s O ld tri a l of strength is not un worthy Of
th e attenti on Of th ose wh o beli eve th at o ur grea t pu bli c sch oo l s have had no s ma ll
sha re in makin g ou r c ountry wha t sh e is A n d it is to b e ho ped that f or many a
.

year to come Eton and Harrow will try thei r l uck at Lo rd s, a nd that the same ’

good f ellowship, high spirits, and strenu ou s co mpetiti on wil l conti nu e to mark the
contest.
WAL TE R H LON G
. .

1 Lord
’
s 1878 , by E . E B . .
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
th e game H e told me h e learnt m ost Of his knowledge of cri cket f rom Willi am
.

Clarke Of Notti ngha m, th e f am ous sl ow bowler .

Their f ri ends hip commenced in 1 8 29 as boys at school Bessb orough lef t .

firs t in 1 8 3 3 and went to Ca mbridge, Grimston to Oxf ord They both played f or
.

their respec ti ve Un i versi ti es Bessb orough j o ined th e Mid lan d Circu it became a
.
,

re vi s i ng barr i ster , and af terwards Ob ta i ned a certai n amoun t Of Parlia mentary

prac tice Grims ton j oined the Hom e C irc ui t,b u t did not practise f or long During
. .

th is peri od th e regu lar vis its to Harrow

began S ometimes th e two wa l ked down
.

there f ro m Lo ndon, played , and wal ked

back in the eveni ng ; at a later time,
when railway s bega n to run f re qu ently,
they went by trai n to Eal i ng, and
wa lked f rom there, a most rural wa lk,
to H arrow On thei r wa lks they used
.

to l ay ou t their pla ns f or making u p

Elevens —no eas y task in the days Of
th e sc hoo l s dec li ne, u ntil the time ca m e
’

when an Eleven had to b e made ou t of

s ixty n i ne boys -
B u t I may saf ely say
.

neith er i nterf ered wi th th e ch oi ce Of th e

Eleven I f their Opinion was as ked by

.

th e ca pta i n as to th e res pecti ve m eri ts

Of th e new candi da tes , th ey gave it, not

sayi ng m uc h a bou t f au lts , except when

a very b ad field was su g es ted

g .

I t m ust not b e su pposed that af ter

leaving th e Bar either Of them l ed an
R RT G
OB E R I H s TON .
idl e lif e G rim s ton beca m e a Di rector
.

Of the Electric Telegraph Co mpany,

and on th e dea th of M r R ober t S tephenson h e was elec te d Chair m an , and held
.

tha t Of fice u ntil th e C ompa ny was transf erred to th e Government in 1 8 68 ; h e al so

was Cha ir man of th e I nd O E uropean Telegraph C ompany, and Dire ctor of the
-

Angl o A meri ca n H e was esteemed

”
w wh k w hi m w l l “i
-
.
( ro te on e o n e e ) n th e

Ci ty as an honest man to th e backbone ; shareholders liked and trusted him,

”
because they knew they could rely on his word .

This estim ate Of Grimston e character was f u l l y borne ou t by Baron Martin s

’ ’

j udgment, in the only electi on in which Grimston took an active part, on behalf Of
th e late R ight H on W H Smi th . . A petiti on was s u bseq uent ly l odged against M r
. . .

Smith s return f or Wes tmins ter

’
h e havin g def ea ted John Stuar t Mill NO .

dou bt, there were many su spicious c irc u ms ta nces in the cas e,more especially as to the
exhibiti on of boards ,f or whi c h l arge su ms were pai d Grimston,as chair man of M r
. .

Smi th s com mi ttee,had to give evidence Baron Mar tin su mmed u p in these words
’
.

M r Grim ston has s worn that th e exhibi ti on Of these boards was not di s hones t,b u t
.

the plan was h ad recou rse to f or th e pu rpose of gi ving p u blic ity to th e candidatu re
 PONSONBY AN D GR IMSTON 2 41

Of Mr . Smith M r Grimston is a man of pos iti on and name, his character f or

. .

h onesty, u prightness , and verac i ty has never been questioned ; so I am bound ,

believi ng his evidence, to say that the case h as n ot been made out again st M r .

”
Smith .

I n th e wi nte r Gri mston was devoted to hunti ng, and h e al ways had a str ong
f eeling f or any one wh o was f ond Of ei ther hu nti ng or cricket,and cou ld excel in them .

H e is well des cribed in Whyte Melvi lle s nove l O f S ata nella as the president Of the
’

”
sl ip coac h, which took th e London hu nti n p arty to Lei hton T h e sam e broad
g g
- -
.

brimmed h at that he said was necessary to shade h is eyes in su mm er,covered his

head while hunti ng, b u t h e then wore a broad blac k ribbon under his chin to keep
it sa f e on th e bac k of his head There is a sketch of him escorting a lady, wh o
.

ma kes a remark which he ventru es to dou bt,and he ans wers, I ll eat my hat if it
'
’

is to whi ch sh e replies, Wh a t, br im and al l , M r Grimston .

H e was held in high esteem by hu nting men ,by f armers in th e vale of A yles b ury
as wel l as by th e R oths ch ild f a mily Lord Bessb orough,in his note book,sums him
.
-

u
p i n th ese f ew words : I b e lieve all wh o knew him well wou ld
gi ve th e sam e

ac count of his charac ter,and in such acco unt I am s ure that th e qua l i ti es Of coura e,
g
honesty, and earnestness wou ld b e named as the main f eatures, which, with some
other qu aliti es, m ade h im th e f as t f ri en d of many in al l c lasses , and almost a lway s
”
popu lar and respected .

I t is a cu ri ous f ac t that th e two firm f riends shou ld have been so utterly opposed
in pol i tics Lord Bess b orough was a str ong Liberal, although, f ro m many con
.

versations I ha ve had wi th him, I d o n o t thin k h e endorsed M r Gl ad s tone s vi ews

’
.

on th e H om e R u le q uest i on ; b u t, th rou h ou t li f e ,h e certai n ly was in f u ll touch and

g
sympa thy w ith th e I ri sh peopl e .

Grimston, on the other hand, was a stout, unbendi ng Tory, a f act which is f u lly
ex empl ified by an anec dote whic h I told M r Gale ,a nd which appears in h is Li . !
f of
e the

H on R Gri ms ton
. . As ,however,I rode the horse to try f or M r Grimston,I venture
. .

to repeat it Mas on, f rom whom M r Gri mston bought al l his horses, asked me to
. .

j u mp a va luable hunter and tell him if it wou ld su i t M r Grimston On my . .

re comm endation, Gri mston came d own to see it A f ter seei ng it, h e said, Mason,
”
what is the pri ce sai d Mason I don t Obj ect to that, an s.
’

” ”
Grimston ; now tell me h is na me Free Trade, was th e answer
. Take him .

” ”
back to the sta ble, said Grimston, I never wil l own a horse wi th that name .

Lo rd Bessb orough (then Fre deri ck Ponsonby ; h e succeed ed to the ti tle in 1 8 8 1 )

beca me agent to Lord Fitzwilliam at Coolattin,and was recognised as one wh o gained
th e good will of every tenant on what h as al ways been cons idered one Of th e m odel
-

es tates in I reland I believe his success there was mainl y owi ng to an absence of
.

c on venti ona l i ty on h is pa rt, a nd h is cordi al u ni on wi th th ose whose opi ni on di f f ered

f ro m his own H e was a lso f or som e time Chai rma n Of the Grea t Wes tern Ra ilway ,
.

and conti nued a Di rector u ntil h is dea th H e never allowed pleas ure to i nterf ere
.

wi th bus iness ; b u t, bes ides bei ng a great cricketer, he was a born actor,and f or
years took leadin g parts in the Old Stager perf ormances at Canterbury When at
-
.

Ca mbri dge , in conj u nc ti on with C Taylor, W Bo llan d, and others , b e devoted h is

. .

leisu re m oments to cri cket and theatricals , and th e outcome of these were th e
R
242 HAR R OW SCHOOL
ann ua l Canterbu ry gatheri ngs, which ha ve now extended over a period Of more
than fif ty yea rs Th e venera ble M rs Keeley, s pea ki ng Of him and his brother
. .

”
Spencer, said : Th e brothers Pons onby were not amateur s, they were actors .

A perf ect temper , a cons iderati on f or others, were th e characteri sti cs Of his
nature ; h e never made an enemy , a nd it is u se less to tr and ex press wha t his l oss
y
meant to a wide ci rc le Of f r i ends To me,persona lly , h e was th e truest f ri end ; and
.

f rom this room where I a m n ow wr iti ng I ca n see th e tree where we both sat un der,
when h e ca m e to s tay with us af ter I had been very ill to soo the and cheer me in
the ear ly days Of my reco very I t is a lm os t needl ess to sa y tha t H arrow, cri ck et,
.

and th e f u ture Of I re lan d 1 8 8 6 were th e mai n

( )
topi cs of our c onversa ti on .

For two years bef ore h is dea th his hea l th

h ad been f ai l i ng, and his l oss Of mem ory was
a perpetu a l an xi ety to his f ri ends H e s till
.

co n ti n u ed to o to H arrow, and th e 2 nd Of
g
March 1 8 9 5 was his las t vis it there On th e .

f oll o wi ng Tu esday h e was very ill ,an d h e di ed

on th e 1 2t h Of Mar c h of that yea r H is body
.

was sent to Bess b orou gh , a nd h e was buri ed in

th e f a mily vau l t on th e 1 9 th A t th e f uneral
.

th ere was an ex trao rdi nary demons trati on Of

res pect and af f ec ti on Pro testant and Ca th Olic ’

c l ergymen, O range men and N ati ona li sts , r i ch

a nd poor ca m e f ro m a f ar to th ei r l as t
p y
a

tribu te to one they l oved so we ll .

On the sa me day, at th e sa m e h our, a

memori al servi ce was h eld in H arro w c hapel ,
FR D IC G R
E ER K EO B A A NP N N Y
GE R B ZO O SO B ,
wh ere Lord Bess b oro ugh h ad been a f r eq uent
e TH EA R B-
L or s R OR OU GH .
worshipper and c ommu ni ca n t ; and th ose wh o
were f ortu nate enough to b e there will ever remember th e touchi ng a nd el oqu ent
ad dress Of th e M as ter of Tri n i ty , H enry Monta gu B u tler , once hea d of th e sc hool

and one o f m
y El even in 1 8 5 1 , a nd a f ter wards f or many years hea d mas ter of

Harrow, one of Bess b orough s greatest f riends and warmest ad mirers

’
.

N or m u st th e re presenta ti ve m eeting held at th e Wes tmins ter Pal ace H otel on

A scens i on Day Of that year b e f orgotten, when, un der th e p res idency Of M r .

W elldon, Cabi net Minis ters a nd ex Cabi net Mi ni st ers, peer and commoner, c lergy
-

an d la i ty , cr i ck eter a nd n on cr i c keter , met to s ta rt a Be ss b or ou gh M emori al Fu nd ,

-

and to ca rry ou t f or th e benefit Of th e sc hool wha t was kn own to b e th e wi s h Of

Harrow s truest f ri end

’
.

Perhaps I have been selec ted to wr ite this dua l bi ography,beca us e in af ter lif e I -

was so mu c h thr own i nto th e s oci ety Of one or th e other , alike in my prof ess i on, in
th e cri cket and in th e hu nti ng fiel d I was ad mi tted into their c i rcle Of f ri ends,
-
.

a l th ou gh a much y ounger man ; and I am heart ily th an kf u l f or th e bl ess i ng of that

f r i end s hip . Many of that ci rcle have now pas sed a way, b ut some Of th e Old l ot
s till rem a i n , one and a l l Of who m wi l l endorse al l that I ha ve endea vou red to say
 PONSONBY A ND GR IMSTON 243

a bou t two f riends wh o were f aithf u l to the res pons ibili ties of lif e, wh o hated li ttle
nes s m eanness , and sel fishness , and wh o d i ed , as they h ad li ved , simpl e and hon ou r
,

a bl e gent lem en.

E CHAN DOS LE I GH . .

R . G .
1

STI LL th e balls ring u pon th e su nlit gras s ,

Still th e big elms, deep shadowed , watch the play ;
A nd ordered ga me and l oyal conflic t pas s
The h ours of M ay .

B ut th egame s gua rd ian, mu te, nor heeding more

’

What suns may gladden, and what a irs may blow,

Friend, te acher, playma te, helper, cou nsellor,
Li es resting now .

Over — they m ove, as bids their fiel dsman s art ’

With shif ted scene th e stri f e begi ns anew ;

—
Over we seem to hear him, b ut his part
Is over, too .

Du ll best speed , and vain th e sures t grace

th e
—
S o seemed it e er till there m oved a l ong
v

Brimmed h at, and cheering presence, and tri ed f ace

A mid th e throng .

He wayed his real m Of gras s , and planned, and wrought ;

s

Warned ras h i ntruders f rom the tended s ward ;

A work man, deeming, f or th e f ri ends h e ta ught,
N O servi ce hard .

H e f ou n d , behind first f ail ur e, m ore success ;

Cheered stout endeavour more than languid skill
An d ru l ed th e hea rt Of boyhood wi th th e stress
Of helpf u l will .

Or, stan ding har d f ought game, woul d look,

a t our -

Silent and patient, drown ed in hope and f ear ,

Till th e lips qui vered, and the strong voice sh ook
Wi th l ow glad cheer .

1 d p
Th e Ed itors es ir e to ex ress t eir t h h k t M
an s o r . l
Bowen f or a l owing t h m to
e p
re rin t h
in t is
oob k h ll p
t is an d th e f o owing oem,wr itten by him on th e occas ions of th e d eath s of Mr . G im t
r s on

an d L d
or B ess bor ou gh .
244 H AR R OW SCHOOL
Well played H is lif e was honester than ours ;
.

W e scheme,h e worked ; we hesi tate, h e spoke ;

H is rough hewn stem held n o concea l ing flowers,
-

B ut grai n of oak .

NO hly u mpire spea ks, his grave above ;

ear t

A nd t hanks are du mb, and prai se is al l too late ;

That worth and truth, that m anh ood and that love
A re bid , and wai t .

Sleep gently, where thou sleepest, dear Old f ri end ;

Th i nk , if thou th inkest, on th e bright days past
Yet l of tier Love, and worthi er Truth , a ttend
What more thou has t .

ON E f riend h e, when thr ill s o f warmer sp ri ng

a nd

Lent health and voice to boyi sh f ram e and tongue,

Stoo d side by side, or par ted b u t to bring
Their treas ured counse l to th e sca ttering throng .

Tory, and Whig ; sto ut will , and courtly grac e ;

One strong f or stri f e, one ignora nt Of f oe ;
Both high of heart, and matc hed in honou r s rac e ;
’

A nd in what el se u n i ted ? A h , we know .

Harro w, what service that f rom narrower sou l

W e gi ve th e hill where hopes and courage move,
Can ri val h is wh o spent , u ngrudgi ng, whol e,
For thee , wi th thee, h is se venty years of l ove ?
Eager in boyh ood ; then a hero, great
I n fields of spo rt, f ro m vu lgar flau nting f re e ;
Tri ed in li f e s larger labou rs, tas ks Of State ;
’

Bu t m ost himsel f when cari ng most f or thee !

H ow gentle, helpf ul , playf u l ! wh o tha t ca me

Shy, wea k of limb, yet drea ming f ame and skill ,
B u t f ou n d, ere hal f h e whi spered H ouse and nam e,
A voi ce that nurtu re d e rt, stre gth ed wi l l
ff o n en ?

A nd never a Harrow tr i umph swelled the hea rt,

A nd never a c lou d f ell dar k on Sc hoo l or b oy,
B u t h e, strong brother, cl a im ed the f oremost part,
Fi rst in ou r grief s , and gl addest in our j oy.
 PONSONBY AN D GR IMSTON 24 7

SO hi f ts
s th e —
l eg so s ha pes th e arm, th e wri st
Ah , b ut the voice, th e gesture ! See him watch
With Engli sh strength, with Iris h warmth, or list
Th e boyis h co u n t Of i nn ings or Of ca tch .

Th e su nny hu mour rippli ng on th e lips

’
Mid pleasant ta les Of anci ent stri f e and stres s
A nd h ope tha t k new no langu or n or eclipse,
A rid c lear ca lm eyes , and ga llant tenderness .

Our fie lds ha ve lost h is presence Never more ,

.

I n th e l ong splend our of th e su mmer days,

Game af ter game, as swells the mounting score,
H is tempera te voi ce sha ll gl adden i nto prai se .

Others will toil as h e did ; still shall hold

Th e c hai n that bi nds us ; skill nor lo ve sha ll ceas e ;
But he, th e first, th e pures t f ri end of ol d,
Re s ts in th e silence of th e endless Peace .

Yet, 0 dear memory Of th e f riend Of you th,

Die not , b u t stay , and q ui cken , a t h is na me,
Al l th at we ha ve of val our and Of tru th,
H onour in s tri f e,and simpleness in f ame .

S till keep his teaching f resh, with arm and f oot

S upple, and firm, and scorning sloth alone
Keep fiel dsmen watchf u l, bats men resol ute,
B ut mak e our hearts as l oyal as his own
E E B
. . .
 C HAPTER X X III

H A RR OW F OOTB AL L
H u mow is lead ing school s which ha ve mainta ined their own ru les of
one of th e f our
f oo tball si nce f ootball began Of these th e R ugby gam e al one h as spread f ar beyon d
.

its nat ive boun daries Th e system of rul es kn own by th e name of the As s ociation
.

was devel oped abou t th e year 1 8 65 , in corres pondence ch iefly wi th th e codes of two
London sc hools, West mins ter and Char terhouse But nei ther Harrow nor Eton .

nor Wi nches ter h as thought well to alter a m ethod of play whi c h su i ts their own

ground, and is hallowed by long tradition Th e Eton gam e is that to which tha t of .

”
Harrow is m ost a kin ; it a lso has a str ict ru le of of f side, and the spirit of th e -

play consi sts in f oll owing up rather than in pas s i ng Bu t th e Eton ball is diff erent, .

th e conce pti on of back play is di f f erent, and th e goa l is l imi ted in height ; whil e
”
th e f a ir ca tch is pec u liar ly Harro vian .

I n th e early days of f ootba ll , Harro w was s ma ll ; and th e whole school j oi ned

in play together, in t wo, or later in thr ee, large ga mes , and on hal f ho lidays only
,
-
.

As nu mbers i ncreas ed , th e mana gement of these beca me m ore di f ficu l t, a nd th e

other d ay s of th e wee k were u tilised , a t firs t in f ormally , f or h ou se ga m es The .

large sch ool games were compu lsory ; b ut it became increas ingly distas te f u l , and at
las t hardly possible, to make young boys ta ke part in play in wh i ch they were over
c ro wded and cou ld ta k e b u t li tt l e i nteres t ; an d grad u al ly th e house ga m es beca m e

more i mportant and organi sed They are now regarded as th e norm al m ode of
.

pract i ce ; and tho ugh it is still desira ble to give opportun i ti es a lso f or uni ted play,
th e p robl em of do i ng thi s ef fici ently can hardly, as yet ,b e c on sidered as sol ved At .

m nt ,two day s in th e wee k are genera lly devoted to mi n or contes ts T h e Eleven

p .

of one ho u se pl ay tha t o f an other, b ut are pa ra do xi ca lly ca ll ed , f or these occas i ons,

”
Second Elevens th e Thi rd Eleven, by which is rea lly m ean t th e second ,play at
th e sam e tim e aga i nst the correspondi ng set in th e other house 1
Th e s m a ller boys, .

whil e these ga m es are goi ng on , ha ve a n of f d ay ; b u t ex periments are so metimes -

made f or gi ving them also more f requent oc cas ions of playing wi th their o wn equals
in si ze .

Th n m n l t
1
e o d t , m y b pp d , f m tim wh , th b t b y in e ch h e
e c a ur e a es as a e su os e ro a e en e es o s a ous

b ing pi d in p i
e occu e d sult d pl y t g th , th
er or an exa e t be t g t p m t h
a o e f th i
er w
e n ex s o u a c es o e r o n .

These w f nd er e g bl
ou th t
so a
, l ittl by
reea l i
ettl , th
a be t p f m
e b g n t tek p t e s er or ers e a o a e ar

in th m ; b t th titl
e f th
u El
e n
e o n f te th wh l
ese eve t ength
s , eve f th e h
a r e h d been
e o e s r o ous a

a bs b d in th m, m i d till lte d
or e e re a ne s u na re .
 HAR R OW SCHOOL
But th e H arrow ga me is n ot a di f ficu lt one to learn I t di f f ers f rom other games
.

”
in ha ving no cerem oni es , n o s toppages of pl ay ; th e rouge of Eton, th e h ot
of Wi nc hes ter , th e tou ch down of R u gby ha ve n o pla ce in it
-
On mu ddy da ys
.

”
t here will of ten b e a sembl ance of a sc ri mma ge, b u t not in v ir tu e of an
y ru l e or

cu st om .Under al l ru les of f ootba ll , of course, th e players try to bring the ball

near th e enemy s f ortres s , and thei r eff orts are co mbi ned f or this end ; b ut while
’

th e R u gby perf ormers pass it f rom hand to hand, a nd th e A ssoc i a tion players f rom
f oot to f oot, th e pass i ng sy stem is little used a t H arrow Occasiona l ly the ca ptain
.

of a h ouse tea m en deavou rs to i n trod uce it i nto th e pla y , b u t h e s u f f ers f or th e

exper iment in his next h ouse m a tc h The H arrow theory is that th e pl ayer h im
.

se l f keeps nea r th e ba ll , carryi ng it al ong wi t h his f oo t as f as t as h is s peed wil l

a l l ow him ; if h e l oses it , ano ther of h is o wn s ide,an d the n anoth er,is rea dy to ta k e

it on . Th e Assoc ia ti on atta c k is made, ro ugh ly spea ki ng, in li ne, th e Har ro w in

”
co l u m n . Then when wi thi n reach of th e goal or bas e, th e words be ing in
-

—
dif f erently employed his j udgment mu st dec ide whether it is better to shoot it,
as th e phrase is , or , wi th s ki l l bo rn of l ong p ract i ce , to li f t th e bal l wi th th e f oot

i n to th e hands of a f riend, wh o must b e rea dy to recei ve it This latter mus t b e .

ei ther be hi n d him , or at an ra te n ot nea rer to th e en emy s li n e of goa l s ; s houl d

’

y
h e b e in f ron t by ha lf a f oot, h e is prec l u ded f ro m tou chi ng th e ba l l A ca tch ,
.

whether f rom a f r ie nd or an enemy , enti tles to a f ree ki c k ; an d bas es , or goa l s,

are m ore f re u ently obta i ned f ro m ca tc hes than f ro m th e ba l l being s hot or run
q
throu gh the posts .

Thus th e game is a rapid and a j oyou s one The catching system adds both
.

vari ety and s ki l l t o th e pl ay El even a side is th e nu mber f or m atches , b u t a game

.

may ha ve twenty on eac h s ide wi thou t bei ng sp oilt The ba ll is a bl adder, encas ed
.

in lea ther, s uf fic iently hea vy f or a windy and open gro un d, b ut not so tight an d
hard as to hurt th e players One special an d happy pec u liari ty of th e Harrow
.

gam e is that there a re no pena lties I t is tru e tha t in a house match a player may
.

b e di smissed f r o m th e ga me f or a gros s brea ch of f ai r play ,b ut in prac tice thi s never

occurs ; a m ere hi nt is en ough to bri ng th e m os t un ru ly to order Th e f ac t is tha t,
.

when all th e pl ayers kn ow ea ch other, to brea k a ru le is to brea k an u ndersta ndi ng,

a l a w of h ono ur I nfl ic t a pena l ty, an d th e cri me is a bs ol ved ; b u t where pu blic
.

censu re is to be dreaded , an of f ence is hardly ever c o mmi tted A s a res u lt , th e

.

game is played at Harrow with very f ew complai nts and appea ls ; and at present it
is played , as a rul e, with m ost credi table f ai rness B u t what, it may b e as ked ,
.

”
a bou t th e ru le of off s ide-
or behi nd , as it u sed in old days to b e called
when th e ex act posi ti on of a poss ible of f ender is un known even to him se l f ? The
ans wer is , that th e u mpi re s duty at H arro w is n ot on ly to j u dge th e game, b u t to
’

ass i st it A t a criti ca l moment h e cal ls ou t ,bef ore the m o ment when th e pl ayer wh o
.

is runni ng f or th e ball ca n reac h it, sh ou ld there be any d ou bt of h is l egal r ights ;

an d s o u n willing is th e l atter to b e j u dged in th e wrong that h e m ost rare ly h as to

b e told so Of course, the d ec i si on may b e mi sta ken ; b ut th e great po i n t is that it

.

sh ou ld b e gi ven im medi ately , and sh o u ld b e o beyed wi thou t stoppa ge of th e play .

I n comm on hous e ga mes it is unders tood that eac h ca pta i n is the u mpi re of h is own
s ide
.
 H ARR OW FOOTBALL 25 1

There are very f ew boys at Harrow wh o do not play f ootba ll I n some f ew .

cases doct ors ab s olu tely f or bid it ; there are , ha ppily, n o t a f ew where t hey ha ve

begun by f orbidding it, b ut have ended by bl ess ing it altogether For th e game is .

one of skil l and of spee d ; o f s tren gth in deed al so ,b u t n o t necess arily nor com mon ly

of rou ghness . N0 player wants to hurt another, nor has h e any obj ect to gain by
d i g ;
o n so a n d wh t c hances there are of spra i ned ankl es or bru i sed legs poss ibly
a —
even o f a collar b one brok en by a f all — a re j u s t eno u gh to bri ng a f l us h of glo ry
-

bef ore the you thf u l imagination, b u t not enough to constitute a probable danger .

Medica l prohibiti on apart, every boy learns to play, and th e head of his hou se can
i nsist upon it A t first, h e ta kes his hu mble part in house games whi ch occu py
.

th ree or f o ur days in th e week ; then , as his strength i ncreases, in th e Second

”
Elevens , described above ; then again, as he ris es to th e f ront rank , in th e f orma l
matches between th e hou ses f or the c hampi ons hip of th e sc hool ; fina lly, if h is
prowess has lif ted him to so prou d an elevati on , in th e sc hoo l Eleven .

Every Harrow b oy learn s to play ; an d in the vi ew of many wh o have kno wn

s u ch ga m es l ong, t here is no thi ng in th e who le ran ge of his ed uca ti on wh i ch h e ca n

more profita bly learn . I t is not only th e gai n of doi ng in a man ly way wha t others
d o, a nd shar i ng th e comm on lif e , n or th e hea l th that com es to body and m in d
f rom mi ngled acti vi ty and s port, b ut in th e f ootb a ll field th e character is m ore
revea l ed , f o r i mi ta ti on or f o r bla m e, th an a t a n other m o m ent of th e day I t i s
y .

n ot a th i ng to d we ll u pon too m uch ; b u t ha ppy are th e th ousan ds of boys wh o

ha ve learnt, either in f ull meas ure or in small, f rom what th ey have seen at their
play, to be honourable agai nst their i nterest, to chec k a ri sing qu arrel, to f orbear
a se l fish ad vanta e, to b e n tl t th t h t w k t b b wh n t
g ge e o ose a are ea , o e ra ve ere a ure

is f rail
. Nowhere b u t in games of school and col lege can b e f ou nd th at de li ca te
play of imaginati on whi ch will struggle to the very limits of endurance in ma ke
believe host ility again st the ran ks whom chance h as made temporary f oes, a nd wh o
a mi n u te la ter wil l m ou nt th e hill in f ri endly truce togeth er . An d even m ore
as k th ose wh o ha ve seen m u ch of s uc h games , and it will b e stra nge if they cannot

think of gl oo my f ee li ngs brightened , o f un worthy i ntenti ons dro pped , of quarrels

recon c il ed , in th e f orty five mi nu tes of pl a y
-
.

Looking back on th e history of Harrow f ootba ll f or the las t thi rty years, it
wou ld b e a dif ficu lt tas k, though it is a tempti ng one, to select and record the
n a mes of s pe c i a l heroes . One Engli sh bi shop cou ld not well b e lef t o u t of th e list,
b u t that was more than th irty years back . Perha ps , however , it may not b e
wrong to fix on th e Elevens of 1 8 7 1 , 1 8 8 0 , 1 8 8 9 , and 1 8 9 3 as among those whi ch
ha ve af f orded the best representa tion of what th e Harrow game ca n b e made But .

th e rai n gauge of th e year has a l ways so meth i ng to say to it

-
. Som e years are f air ly
dry, and su i t th e n imbl e f or war ds m ore,un f ortunately,are wet and mu ddy,and
s trength and en durance tel l .For if any stranger shoul d des ire to see rea l mu d at
its bes t,h e h as only to i nspect a gam e of H arrow f ootba ll at a time when th e surf ace
o f what once was grass has been so a ked by a f ortn ight s ra i n, and tra mpled by two
’

score of f eet .
— —
Perhaps better days or gras sier are to come In 1 8 8 5 it was .

th ought th at some s igna l m ateri a l good ought to b e provided f or th e sc hool in

memory of Dr Bu tler s head mastership, and the field which s o many f eet h ad
.
’
25 2 HA RR OW SCHOOL
tro dden at play was bou ght by a large su bscripti on, ha lf of which was contr ibuted
f rom th e late M r T C Baring s purse Since then a seri ous attempt has been made
’
. . . .

to drai n and preserve the f orty ac res of m eado w ; and o l d Harrovians, when they
revi s i t th e scen e, ma pe rha s vi ew dri er ga mes , if n ot hearti er , than th ose whi ch
y p
their o wn m em ori es reca ll .
 HA R R OW SCHOOL
Harrow pa ir that won the Public Schools Cu p in 1 8 7 1 , A A Hadow and G A . . . .

Wehbe, and never h as a c loser fin ish been seen in a ny final Eton and Harrow .

were th e an ta goni sts , a nd af ter three ga mes a ll h ad been ca lled , f ourteen al l , and in
th e sett of three ,one all ,two al l were ca lled bef ore H arrow won ; and the sa me pa ir
re pea ted th e v i ct ory, th ough more eas ily in 1 8 7 2 This year is memorable f or th e .

f ac t that P F Hado w, in th e m atch f or th e Cha llenge R ack et, bea t one of the
. .

winn ing pair of 1 8 7 1 , and so c lai med th e right to play f or the sc hool ; b u t the
Philathl etic Cl u b dec ided that the same pa ir which had won so well in 1 8 7 1 should
play again Then Walter Gray, n ow th e coa ch a t Char terhouse, appea red u pon
.

th e scene, and in h is first year h ad th e pleas ure of seeing P F H ado w an d F D . . . .

Leyland win th e cu p permanently ; an d a f o urth successive vi c tory awai ted u s in

1 8 7 4, when Leyl an d h ad C W M Kemp as pa rtner
s I n th e n ext y ea r Kemp was
. . . .

as si sted by E O P Bouveri e, one of th e m ost gracef ul players Har row h as ever

. . .

prod uced ; and when v ictory see med ass ured , a n unf ortunate misun dersta nding l ed
to Kemp recei vin g a f earf u l bl o w in th e f ac e, which compelled him to l eave th e
court f or a con siderabl e tim e, an d ga ve E to n an u nexpec ted vi ctory I n 1 8 7 6 th e .

w as rec o vered by H E M eek and L K Jar vi s , a ma n i ficen t pa ir of hard

cu
p .
g . . .

h i tters ; and then Gray was l os t to u s ,af ter coachi ng H arro w f or six years,of whic h
f our had resu l ted in victori es Between 1 8 7 7 and 1 8 8 5 we ha d no c oach permanentl y
.

”
res idi ng, b u t Pri nce s Clu b kin dly a ll o wed Ju dy, other wise known as W Stevens ,
’
.

to come down once a wee k to c oac h our players, till h e came an d settled at Harro w
in 1 8 8 5 Ju dy s advent prepared th e way f or yet grea ter glories f or th e school ;
.
’

and whil e it wo u ld b e in vidi o us to se l ec t a ny one of th e thr ee c oac hes f or s peci a l

pra ise, it is dif ficu lt to over estimate th e value of th e ser vices they al l rendered to
-

th e sch ool A s th e brothers A A and P F H ad ow were mai nly res pon sible wi th
. . . . .

”
G A Weh be and F D Leyland f or winni ng th e first cu p, so, u nder Ju dy, the
. . . .

brothers M C and A F Kemp, wi th E M Had ow and H on F W de M ol eyns ,

. . . . . . . . .

were a ble to secu re th e second in 1 8 8 1 Then Ernest and Eustace Crawley, C D . . .

Buxton,E M Bu tler, N T Holmes , P As hworth, a nd R D Chea lea won the c up

. . . . . . .

f or five years in su ccess i on ; and s ma ll won der, see i ng that th ree of th em af terwards
won th e A mateu r Cha mpi onship , a nd t wo others were excepti ona lly fine players
as t hei r perf ormance s a t th e Vars i ti es and in th e A rmy a mply prove Bu t since
’
.

”
1 8 8 7 we m us t exc la im Ich a bod , as we have won only three vi ctories , f or which
A H M B u tler , W F Wyndh a m , J H S togdon , A S C ra wley, F W A
. . . . . . . . . . . .

R attigan, an d L F An drewes are res po nsible . . .

1

I t is pleas an t f rom these stati sti cs to see h ow, if an e lder brother gai ns laure ls
a t r ac kets , th e y ou nger o nes see k to ri va l him Thr ee has been our lu cky number . .

Thus we find three H ad o ws, three C ra wleys , three Kemps , three Wa lkers, and two
Butlers prominent a m ong our H arrow players Nor yet mu st we f ai l to b e gratef u l .

”
to the grea t u nk n own wh o made Harrow th e hom e of s qu as h N ow we p ossess .

s ix sq u as h courts , a nd el even more in th e yards of

-
di f f erent houses, each wi th
—
pecu liari ties of its o wn a splendid training ground f or wr is t and eye No new boy -
.

c an c o mpl ai n o f ha vi ng n o f ac ili ti es gi ven to h im f or l earni ng rac kets , nor that

1
Si th i
nce h pt w w itt , th l t m ti n d p i h
s c a er as dd d n th i t y t
r en e as -
en o e a r ave a e a o er v c or o ou r

sl i t, d h
an ed th e C p f
ave s ecu r th d y in i u or e s ec on ear s s on
s u cce
 R A C K ETS 2 55

s quas h is xpens i ve ga me Ra ther ca n th e casua l spec ta tor, strolling th rough

an e .

th e courts , co mpla in that you ng pl ayers too of ten are content to ma ke th e ir ea rly
ef f orts wi th rac k ets well ca l cul ate d to da mp thei r i nc ipi ent zea l
. Ra ckets wi th b u t
f ew strings un broken , wi th grea t holes, thr ough which a ba l l will of t en van i sh, or,
m ore ignomini ou s still ,get stuck,are too f requentl y seen in the hands of th e young .

Wh at f un, I wonder, ca n they imagine th ey deri ve f rom th e game under su ch

condi ti on s ? A n d yet th ey l oo k serenely happy,and re pea t regu l ar ly th e perf ormance,
desti ned to wi ser eyes and older heads to end rn disappointin g f ai l ure ! Some may
b e tempted to exc la im , on seei ng h ow compara ti vely rare ly we ha ve won of la te
”
years at Qu een s, Fuit ingens gloria Darda nidu m, b ut I dou bt if ou r sta ndard is
’

lower now than in th e years of vi ctory R ather I wou ld suggest that the other
.

schoo ls tra i n thei r players m ore caref ully , an d th e competi ti on h as co nsequently

i ncreased, so that Harrow players must l oo k to thei r la urels and continu e to

play u p .

M C Km
. . .
 C H A P T E R XXV

TH E S C H OOL B A TH IN G P LA C E
-

”
TH E i ncomparable Du ck a Tra nsa tlantic en thus iast has ca ll ed it, like all
er, as

other i n s ti tuti o ns , is th e p rod u ct of a l o ng evo lu tion Th e na m e, whi ch l ong usage

.

h as made c lass i c , if not of fic i al , is a corrup ti on of th e H arrovi an dia l ect f or Duck

”
pu ddle, and points bac k to a ti me when th e ana tmn gr atiss ima sa les was less
a ttract i ve to th e h u m an s pec i es than it is now Indeed th e name i tself seems to
.

have been trans f erred f rom an al most prehi stori c bath whi ch existed in the dark
a es of th e Napo l eoni c era, an d ha d n o ri va l till abou t the y ear 1 8 1 0 Thi
g s .

venerabl e po nd was si tuated in a field a bou t a quar ter of a mil e eas tward of

th e p resent Du cker . I t was di vid ed d o wn th e middl e by a bank of ear th, and

was f ed by a di tch which bro ugh t wa ter f rom Lo rd N orth wick s la ke l n the Par k
‘
.

Th e sa me su pply was u tili sed f or th e new Du c k pu ddl e esta bli shed in th e reign
-

”
of Dr George Bu tler in 1 8 1 0 or 1 8 1 1 on th e site of what is no w ca l l ed th e
. ol d

ba th, viz that par t of th e pres ent bath wh i ch l ies between the entrance and th e
.

i ron bridge This was dou btless an improvement ; b u t small boys are said to have
.

sti l l p ref erred th e peace and qui et of th e o ld er pond , a nd , as re ga rds c lea ns ing
properties , it is likely that, in a short ti me, there was not mu ch to choose between
”
th e t wo . Thus th e ol d bath, known as such to recent generati ons, must be
di stin guished f rom th e antediluvian bath of Dr Longley s and Dr Wordsworth s
.
’
.
’

hea dm as ters hips The sides of th e ol d bath (k nown ti l l Dr Va ughan s time

. .
’

as th e
“ n ew
” ”
bath) we re of earth, modified at th e bottom in to mud by th e
ac ti on o f water . Besides th e harmless necess ary newt, the disappearance of whi ch
f r om th e Duc k er of to day wou ld cau se wides pread regret, it is sa id that f rogs a nd
-

water rats abou nded Even u nder these not very pro mis ing cond iti ons it was
-
.

evid ently p os s i b l e to l earn to s wim Th e second S ir R o bert Peel l earnt here the
.

art whi ch on ce sa ved h is l if e in th e Medi terranean Nay, it has even been said that
.

th e skil l whi ch Byron d isplayed in th e H elles pont and elsewhere was acquired at
Harrow, viz in the oldes t Ducker of all B u t th e hol der sp iri ts , among whom one
. .

at least of th e worthies j ust m en ti oned ma b e rec koned , pref erred of ten to seek
y
c l eaner wa ters , su ch as th e Els tr ee res er voir , th e Brent, or th e cana l Yet, in .

j ustice to th e bathin g place of pre Ref orm da ys, due all owance must b e mad e f or
- -

love of sport an d origi nal sin as moti ves of these exc ursi ons There was exhilara .

ti on in th e dri ve in a don key tand em of whi ch cre dible trad i ti on spea ks, as well as
-

”
in th e cool sil ver shoc k of a pl unge in the s parkli ng ca na l .
 TH E SCHOOL BATHING PLA CE -
259

So much mus t su f fice f or a prehistoric peep at th e primeva l slime to whi ch we

tur n, as sci ence i nstructs us , as th e beginni ng of th e evol u ti onary pr ocess Th e .

epoch m a ki ng cha nges whi c h ha ve f ollowed d u ri ng th e la tter ha l f of th e century

-

mu s t b e br iefl y reco u nted In 1 8 48 , th e year in whic h anc i en t m onarc hi es were

.

totteri ng all over Europe, revolu ti onary a rd ou r attac k ed even thi s hom e of an ci ent
peac e and co nservati ve f rogs Th e ti me spirit, pers oni fied in Dr Vaughan, in thi s
.
-
.

an d su cc eeding years pu ri fied th e wa ter ab ingr a ves cente s qua l or e,as an i nscr ip ti on on
-

th e c l oc k tower records,i ntrodu ce d a new su pply thr ou gh pipes co mmun i ca ting wi th

-

an art es i an well , bu ilt a c ottage, pu t a ca retak er i n to it, and gave th e plac e its first
”
arti sti c d ec orat i on in th e sha pe of th e Li on s Mou th The sa id cottage was of
’
.

wood , and was erected in 1 8 5 1 ; bei ng, af ter a lif e of f orty five y ears, some wha t -

”
battered ,and decayed, it had begun to l et in var i ous things through chi nks whi ch
”
time had m ad e, a nd h as at l en gth ( in 1 8 96) been S u persed ed by a red bri c k hou se,
whi ch,surrou nded by trees,of f ers to th e eye a pleas i ng b it of co lour in th e v iew f rom
In Dr Vaughan s ti me, moreover, th e ol d mu d bottom and sides gave
’
th e terrace . .

place to bri cks, s la tes were laid roun d th e edge ( where they were f ou nd eventu all y
t o have harbo ured nu m erous sna kes a nd blin d worms ), and sheds an d a towel hou se
- -

were f or th e first time erected Thus began th e sec ond epoch in th e his tory of th e
.

p resent site Wha tever th e shortcomings of this Du ck pu ddl e may have been,
.
-
'

there was mu ch to b e gratef u l f or in th e t hou gh tf u l impr ovem ents ca rri ed ou t

throu gh th e care of M r G F H arri s and th e large, if u nobtrusi ve, liberality of
. . .

Dr Va ughan
. .

Th e thi rd , or modern, epoch da tes f r om 1 8 8 1 Th e water, a f t er all that had

.

been done, did not gi ve satisf acti on ; compl ai nt was made of its irregul ar ity, its
co l our , and its cons i sten cy I t wou ld b e tedi ous to gi ve al l th e de ta il s of th e gre at
.

change which n o w took plac e Th e present bath was designed gratu i tous ly by M r ,
. .

n o w S ir, Joh n Fowl er , C E , wh o al so su per i nten ded th e execu t i on of h is so mewhat

. .

e la bora te plans I t was opened on 28 th M ay 1 8 8 1 , wi th appropri ate ceremony, by

.

Dr H M Bu tler, wh o had ta ken grea t i n terest in th e ref orm s, f or th e i ncepti on

. . .

o f whi ch th e sc ho o l had to thank th e enterpri se and ent hus i as m of M r A G . . .

Wats on, then and f or a long period th e mas ter in c harge of th e bathing depart .

ment Th e bath was nearly trebl ed in size, an d ta ken rou nd a grac ef u l cur ve, so
.

that its f u ll exten t and bea u ty do n ot bu rst on th e v is i tor a l l at once I t is .

surround ed by an as pha l t path, between whi ch and th e f en ce r i ses a bank ad orned

with shrubs and fl ower beds ; th e nu merous s heds,some of them f o ll owi ng th e curve
-

of th e bath, are likewis e co vered wi th roses and cree pers A cl oc k , m oun ted on
.

a wooden tower at th e f ar ther end , wa rns th e ba ther s omewh a t fitf ul l of th e flight

y
of time, an d arms h im wi th an ex cuse va lid aga i nst very new mas ters Th e wa ter .

is su ppli ed f rom th e t0 p of the hi ll by th e Co l ne Va ll ey waterwor ks , a nd can b e

grad u ally renewed withou t emptying th e bath ; an ingeni ous arrangement of waste
pipes ca rries of f th e surf ace water i nto the ditch ou ts ide th e f ence, so soon as it is
-

ra i s ed above a c erta i n level by th e ad mi ss i on o f a f resh supply ; and th e f res h wa ter ,

enter ing a t th e b o tto m u n der con sidera bl e p ress ure,su ccess f u lly f r es hen s an d aerates

th e whole By an arrangement of l oc k ga tes it is poss ible to empty half th e bath

.
-

f or cl ea n ing purpos es , witho u t di sturbi ng th e other ha l f ; b u t thi s contri vance has

 H ARR OW SCHOOL
never been put in prac tice, as the whole ba th is empti ed ,c leaned,and repaired every
Eas ter holidays A rather ela borate sys tem of gutters is necessary to prevent the
.

ra i n whi ch f a ll s on th e bank s or pa th f ro m fin di ng its wa i nto th e crys ta l pool An

y .

i nteresting il lustrated desc ri ption of the new ba th and th e work done there in 1 8 8 1
was gi ven in an art i c le in th e nu mber o f E ng ineer ing f o r Au gust 2 6th , 1 8 8 1 So .

f ar, no huma n in venti on has been able to prevent th e f ormation of a gre en fil m in

th e wa ter in h ot weather, and th e am ou nt of it vari es curi ou s ly f ro m time to tim e ;
b u t a bsol ute c learness ca n hardl y b e ex pected al l th e su mmer in standing wa ter not
u nd er cover . Th e bottom being of cemen t, whi ch is ann ually repa i red , p ollution is
proba bly reduced to a mimimu m .

Th e present ba th is 500 f ee t l ong, an d 1 00 f eet wi de a t th e broa des t part ; th e

avera e width is 60 f eet T h e d epth vari es f ro m 3 f eet 8 i nc hes a t th e ends to
g .

6 f eet 1 i n ch nea r th e i ron bri dge, whi ch mar ks th e p oin t where th e extens i on of
th e ol d ba th begi ns Th e dep th in f eet and i nches is pa i nted at i nter vals on th e
.

s i des j us t a bove th e su rf ace of th e wa ter Th e exten s i on is a lso a great boon to

.

s k aters , an area of s qu a re f eet bei ng a s urf ace no t t o b e des pi sed in th e

neighbourh ood of Lond on ; th e depth of th e wa ter is then redu ced by a h alf , whic h
“
ma kes an imm ersi on comparati vely har ml ess, and a l so enables s katers to pas s
u nder th e br idge Th e sides of th e bath are c overed with cement ca l cu lated to
.

res is t a ny i nj ury f rom sk ates .

Ducker o pens genera ll y abou t the middle of M ay, and rema ins open al l th e
su mmer term ; o ccas i ona l ly t here is a lso a f o r tn igh t or s o when ba thi ng is poss ible

a t th e be i nn i ng of th e Chri stm as ter m I n f ac t, in th e wond erf ul au tu m n of

g .

1 8 9 5, f ootball was of t en red u ced to a ga me of a q uarter of an ho ur, and ser ved

merel y as an excuse f or a bathe A l l boys are obliged to pass in s wimming,
.

viz to s wim a di stance of

. 7 0 yards , u nl ess th e d oc tor f orbids them to ba the .

Passes take place once a f ortnight, and af f ord consi derable a mu sement to all b u t
th e ca n di dates . A mas ter condu cts th e p roceedi ngs , a nd starts th e candi da tes in
batches of six while an expecta nt and highl y cri ti ca l crowd is , it is to b e f eared ,
,

more anxi ous f or sport than f or th e su ccess of th e novi ces ,though a pl u cky str uggl e
a l ways recei ves enc o u ragement Th e ex per ts on th e bridge ta ke care that n o one
.

s ha ll star t till h e h as d u c ked his head , it bei ng na tur al ly th e c u s tom f or m ost o f

th e pass ees to enter th e wa ter f eet first An y f a ilu re to rea ch th e li ttle w ooden
.

bri dge which marks th e goal serves th e usef u l purp ose of givi ng practice in the
va l uable art of li f e sa vi ng -
A f ew strong swim mers , some of whom in recent yea rs
.

”
ha ve become real ly profici ent in th e dri ll of th e Li f e saving Society, are in -

readi ness on th e ba nk ,an xi ou s ly watc hi ng f or th e firs t si gnal of di stress . Swim ming

is, in a sen se, a part of th e sc hool cu rri cu l u m ; all th ose wh o do not pas s at th e first
atte mp t are obliged to ta ke three l ess o ns a wee k u n til they can sa ti sf y,and a weekly

report of thei r pr ogress goes to th e Form m as ters I n th e Fou rth Form pu bli c
-
.

”
opin i on su ppo rts magi ster i a l press ure, as a sc hool is gi ven so soon as th e whole
f orm ha ve pas sed Th e l ess ons are gi ven, at th e co st of th e Bathing pl ac e Fun d ,
.
-

partly by th e caretaker, partly by th e swimming mas ter, wh o is also continually on

-

th e spot to gi ve a ny neces sary hi nts or help to m ore ex per t perf or m ers To th e

.

present i nstructor, M r James H owe, an untiri ng and most enthus ias ti c amphibian
.
,
 HA R R OW S CHOOL

maximu m time allowed has been reduced f rom twenty two to nin eteen minu tes The - .

record perf orman ce is that of C G Wic kha m , who, in 1 8 96, ac co mpli shed th e
. .

swi m, wi th its vari ous in c idents , in fif t een mi n u tes eighteen seconds Th e nam e .

dolphin is perhaps not very appropri ate to so seriou s a competiti on , th e chief

val u e o f whi c h is , that it enco urages h ar d work in th e water as o pp osed to do lphi n

like ga mbollings .

Other aq uati c crea tures whose na m es occ ur on th e walls of th e sh eds, to th e

”
bewilderment of th e stranger,are Du c ks an d Du cklings These are simply th e .

sen i or an d j u n i or rep resen ta ti ves o f thei r h ou ses , th e rac es bet ween whi ch are held

in th e l as t week of th e su mmer term : th e wi nn ing Du c ks bec ome th e hol ders of

a ch a ll enge c u.
p
Th e las t f ortn ight of th e season is i nd eed busy wi th a vari ety of co mpetiti ons .

“ ”
There are Form races, viz f our rac es Open to boys in th e Sixth Form , Fifih
.

Form,Re move and Upper Shells,Lower Shell and Fourth Form respec ti vely Then, .

besides th e final pas ses and dolphin tri al , there is th e competiti on f or the .

R oya l H u mane S oc i ety s m ed al This is a rather l ong business, i nvol ving, as it

’
.

does, th e rescue of a dummy under three di f f erent sets of c ircu msta nces More .

re a li ty h as lately been gi ven to these f ea ts by th e Soc i ety s recen t req u i rem en t, tha t
’

th e med alli st s ha l l a lso have pa ss ed a satisf actory exa mi nati on in th e p rinciples of

li f e savi ng in th e water and lif e restora tion on lan d There are, of c ourse, many
- -
.

things whi ch req u i re to b e kn own,if not prac ti sed ,in order to sa ve a drowni ng man
b u t which can hardl y b e l earnt f ro m ha ndli ng a wood en bloc k , withou t circu lati on,
wi thou t respi rati on , an d es pec i a lly, withou t po wer of re s i stance .

”
Th e m orni ng of th e l ast day of th e term , no mi na ll y a whol e schoo l day, is
devoted to vari ous sports Th e programme i nc ludes th e l ong race f or th e Ebri ngton
.

Cu p,th e head ers f or th e Beal e Cu p, l ong di sta nce di vi ng, di vi ng f or c hi na eggs ,an d
-

a beginners race, by n o m ean s th e l eas t i nteres ti ng i tem

’
.

Ra ces wi th representati ves of other s choo ls are not eas y to arrange In 1 8 94 .

a race was swu m aga i nst E ton in th e Tham es , a n d resu l ted in a win f or H ar row .

B u t, to th e regret of both schoo ls , this race is no t likely to b e repea ted Th e .

tra i ni ng of wet bo bs
-
f or H enley is a di f ficu l ty in th e way o f Eton s wimmi ng,
s i nce th e wet b ob
-
is, somewha t paradoxi ca lly , di sc our aged f rom enteri ng wh at
might appear to b e his nati ve element Success in th e cri cket field also conflicts
.

wi th swim mi ng : non omnia p oss umus omnes I n 18 96 a race aga inst Charter
.

house took place at Ducker, in whi ch th e home tea m won ; this, it is hoped, may
become an a nnu al fixture, and help to encourage th e practi ce of s wimming long

So m u ch f or competi ti ons . mu lati on is no t th e most potent

Bu t, af ter al l , e

f orce which dra ws H arrovi an s down th e hill on su mmer evenings N o description .

of Du c k er wou ld b e c omplete whi c h made no m en ti on o f its C a u an charms ; even

p
”
th e most emu l ou s rec ord brea k ers d o not al ways
-
bend the b ow A t al l events , .

to th e maj ori ty Du cker means an hour or two of ch artered, and dou btless well
earned , s l ac kn ess To bas k o n th e su nny bank ,c lad in th e most rati onal dress ever
.

devi sed ( th e Du cker towel to flop occas ionally i n to th e water wi th th e ca reless

-

luxury of a water ra t, to recreate exhaus ted natu re with th e mamm oth Ducker
-
 C H A P T E R XXV I

TH E I N TE LLE CTU A L L I FE OF TH E S H C OOL

Ir is n ot unco mmon nowadays to hear it sai d that our grea t pu blic schools betray
a rowing di sre ard f or intellectual i t s ts I t i d d t h t th ey are
g g n ere .s con ce e a

wh olesome and vigorous nurseri es of char acte r,that th e general tone is m ore refined
and c i vili sed th an it was , that th e average b o is bette r l ooked af ter , and th e
y
indolent b oy more su cce ssf ul ly c hec kmated ; b ut it is urged that origina lity is
discouraged, that the enthus i as m f or literary c u lture which characterised a f ormer
n erati on h as disappeared , and t hat th e finer fl owers of sc hol ars hip have f aded
g e

bef ore th e boisterous breath of athl eticism .

And u ndou btedly there is some measure of tr uth in su ch a Jeremiad . Th e

ol d order change th in this as in s o many other sid es of modern li f e . W e have
l et us b e f rank wi th oursel ves—sacri ficed so methi ng in th e c hange tha t has ta ken
place To b e a scholar and gen tleman is not n ow, as it once was , the hal l mark
.
-

and as ira ti on of th e best p u blic sch ool men

p
-
W. e h a ve k ep t, it is h o pe d , th e

entleman, b u t we have l ost, to a l arge ex ten t, th e scho lar

g .

Thi s is as true of H arrow as of other schools And yet it wou ld b e a seri ous
.

mi s ta ke to suppose that th e ba lance is al l on th e wrong side On the contrary,we

.

have man y compensat ions to rec kon u p,and intellectua lly our pu bl i c schools are not
by any means so impoveri shed as is com monly su pposed by their critics .

This is not, of course, the pl ace f or an educa ti onal essay,b ut, afl er al l , no stu dy
of th e sc hool li f e an d hi story wou ld b e comp lete with ou t so m e es tim ate of its

intellec tual ef ficiency and equipment ; and there is no apology needed f or of f eri ng a
brief sketch of th e intellec tual opportu nities provided in modern days at Harrow,
both in and ou t of sc hool hours, and f or showing h ow the ri sing generation of
Harrovi ans are s till maintain ing uni mpa ired th e reputati on of the schoo l as a place
”
of soun d learni ng .

Broad ly speaking, th e mac hinery of education at Harrow is di vi ded into two

—
branches, volu nta ry and compu lsory the f ormer bei ng, in many res pects , f ully as
i mportant as the latter Of th e compu lsory porti on of school work I need not
.

speak at an l en th I t is f a mili ar to a l l wh o are acq u a inted wi th th e sc hoo l

y g . .

And yet I ma y b e permi tted to make one or t wo genera l remarks on th e lead in g

f eatures of th e system , as they ar e of ten overloo ked and in distinctly rea li sed even
by those wh o have been at Harrow themsel ves .
266 HAR R OW SCHOOL
ta ke th em or leave them , b ut th ere are very f ew wh o are not af f ec ted by one or
other of them Foremost am ong these we may plac e th e Vaughan Library I n
. .

f ormer times this n obl e room was o pen only to mas ters and mon ito rs , an d even still
th e possess i on of a key and th e p ri vilege of ta ki ng boo ks ou t are res tri cted to them .

Bu t at a lm ost all hou rs of th e d ay the Library is now open to all boys, and there
are f ew more enco u raging s ights t ha n to see th e l a r e n u mber of b oys on half
g
holiday afiernoons in th e winter terms reading with ord erly avidi ty in th e school
Library Of ten th e boys least su c cessf u l in sc hoo l work are f ound to b e th e
.

most c onsta nt v is i tors there in pu rsuit of some spec ia l hobby or research The .

pri vilege is never abused by di so rder or the def acement of pro perty I t is the .

retrea t of th e st u d ent,th e shelter of th e f ri endl ess b o ; an d su ch an opportu n i ty f or

y
l i terary recrea ti on withi n th e re ac h of al l ca nnot f a il to i nfl uen ce th e schoo l as a
whole .

Th e l i brary als o f orms a th ea tre f or an oth er dis play of i ntellectu al acti vi ty , the
School Deba ti ng Soc iety Su rely no school has a more i nspir ing senate house
.
-
.

Th e busts and portra i ts of th e gre a t sta tes m en of th e pas t loo k do wn on th e young

s pea kers, and here, if any where, the spi rit of deba te a nd oratory s h oul d flour i sh .

Sometimes,
Proh i i e iq m cu r a n v rs ue ores

the interest in this va luable institution ha s been allowed to flag, happily, however,
not f or l ong ; and th e presen t generati on seem s f ully a li ve to th e d uty of ma i ntaini ng

its ef fici en cy On Sa turd ay evening—o n th e two wi nter term s —the members of

.

th e Schoo l Par lia ment meet in f orce to di scuss ques ti ons of School a nd State ; and,
if we may tr ust th e ac cou nts in th e H ar rovia n , th e eloquen ce a nd nu mbers of
th e speakers an d th e enth us ias m of th e au dience l ea ve li ttle to b e des i red .

Mention of th e H arr ovian lea ds me to spea k of another o utlet f or i ntellectual

ef f ort . Th e sc hoo l pa per a t H arrow h as h ad a c heq uered and i ntermittent ca reer,
as ma b e eas ily seen by th e sh e l ves of th e Vau gh an Library, where th e vari ous
y
pu bli ca ti ons are collected I t h as flouri shed under vari ous na m es It was the
. .

Tr iwmvirate in 1 8 5 9 , th e Ty r e in 1 8 63 ,th e H a r r ovia n in 1 8 69 ; then , f rom 1 8 8 3 to

1 8 8 8 , it was ac tu a lly con du cted ou ts ide th e sc hoo l u nder th e ti tle of H ar row N otes
by M r R de C Welch From 1 8 8 8 to th e present time it h as a ppeared regu lar ly
. . . .

u nd er th e Edi torship of a s m all co mmi ttee,composed pa r tl y o f mas ters and par tly of

boys It has al ways of f ered a cordial welcome to the contri butions of lite rary boys,
.

and f rom time to tim e a rt i c l es of cons idera bl e m er i t h a ve appeared in its pa es

g .

Perhaps it reac hed its palmiest days u nder the bril lia nt management of Mr .

G W E R u ssell and Mr Sic hel Bu t,of course,the literary standard is bound to

. . . . .

vary, f or it depen ds on th e exi stence of a f ew li terary boy s These only appear at

.

i nterva ls,and their re ign is,f rom th e nature of the case,s hort Bu t it was f elt wise .

to secure th e perm anence of the m agazi ne, pa rtly as a rec ord of sch ool hi story and
partly as an opportuni ty f or literary ef f ort ; and it may n ow b e considered one of
th e regul ar i nst i tuti ons of th e sch ool .

I s up pose if any Harrow b oy of the present day were as ked to name the chief
remin i sc ences that li ved wi th him at th e c l ose of h is sc hoo l care er, h e wou ld un
 THE INTELLECTUAL LI FE OF THE SCHOOL 267

d bte dly reckon a mong them the lectures in Speech room H e wou ld b e strangely
ou -
.

i napprec iative and u ngratef u l if h e did not, f or proba bly no school h as ever had a
finer lecture ha ll th an the N ew Spee ch room ; an d as suredly n o sc hool h as h ad the
- -

pri vil ege of listening to a m ore i nteresting and di stingu ish ed series of lectures .

That this is no exaggeration is proved by th e mere menti on of only a f ew of those

pu blic men wh o have, wi thin th e las t ten years a lone, honour ed th e schoo l by th e
delivery of lectures and addresses— Lor d Wolse ley, Lord R oberts , Lord Charles
Beres f ord, Lord George Hamilton, Mr Ba yard , Dr Nan sen, S ir Henry Irving,
. .

S ir Squire Bancrof t, S ir Jo hn Lu bbock , M r F C Sel ous . . Simil ar to these,

. .

th ough natura lly a ppeal ing to a muc h sm all er cir c le, are th e terminal concerts .

The oratori os , th e symphonies, th e str i ng ba nds, an d th e glee singi ng are each

and al l of a very high c l as s, alm os t as good as m oney ca n p ro cure To the m us ica l .

b oys they are a sou rce of great pleasure ; and even th e leas t musi ca l ,like the rank s
” ”
of Tus cany , can scarce f orbear to cheer M r Santl ey, M r Edward Lloyd,
. . .

M r Ben Davi es,Madame A ntoinette Sterl in g,an d H err Joac him may b e menti oned
.

am ong th ose wh o have p erf ormed at these concer ts in recent years .

Then, again, the long list, longer almos t every year, of prizes of f ered by bene
f ac tors f or voluntary competi ti on poi nts to another Open i ng f or i ntellectua l exerc ise .

Year by year a large volu me of sponta neous wor k is contribu ted by a very con
s iderab l e nu mber of th e boys . H ou ses become almost identi fied wi th certa in prizes ;
an d it will not, I th i n k , b e in vidi ou s to menti on in su ch a c onnec ti on th e signal

a nd conti nu ous su ccess whi c h h as atten ded M r Bos worth Smith s ef f or ts in this ’
.

direction , especi a lly in the encouragement of history and geography It is dif ficu l t .

to over es ti mate th e ef f ect of suc h competi ti ons, f o r what a b oy does by hi ms elf

-

f or th e l ove of it mu st a l ways b e o f th e highest val u e Such knowledge is apt to

.

st i c k , an d to l ead to s u bsequent research . I t is a living and natu ra l gro wth, and

f osters i ntellec tu al i ni ti ati ve f ar more ef f ect ively than th e comp u lsory tas k work -

exac ted by a uthor i ty .

Among th e soc i et ies of th e school , one of the o ldes t, as wel l as th e most usef ul ,
is the Sc ien tific Society . I t was f ounded in 1 8 65 u nd er th e pres idency of th e
Re v F W Farrar, no w Dea n of Can terbu ry
. . . With him was associated the
.

present Bishop of Durham , and both of them did their utmost to promote th e
welf are of th e y ou ng So c iety . Distinguish ed scienti sts and others were invited to
address th e members, and on t wo o ccasi ons M r R us kin deli vered l ectures bef ore it,
.

an d presen ted th e R us kin co ll ect i on of mi nera l s now in th e Bu tler M useu m In .

th e early Transact i ons of th e Soc iety we of te n find menti on of F M Ba lf our , th e . .

well kn own bi o logi st, whose early death was su c h a l oss to the scienti fic world
-
.

Th e Soc i ety conti nues to meet regu lar ly in the wi nte r term s, and encourages m uch
thou ghtf u l and i ndependent work . Two li ttl e m onographs have recently emana ted
—
f rom m mbers while yet in th e school , H ar row B ir ds , by G E H Barre tt
e . . .

Hamilton, and H arrow B u tterfl ies and M oths , by J L Bonh ote and H on N C . . . . .

Ro thschi ld . Lectures are gi ven on al l concei vable su bj ec ts , and, on one occas i on

lately, a b oy illu strated h is lec ture on eagl es by intr oducing two pet eagles of his
o wn , whi c h h e was all o wed to keep in his house mas ter s garden
’
-
.

One of the origi na l obj ec ts of th e Soc i ety was th e f orm ati on o f a Mu seu m of
268 HAR R OW SCHOOL
”
Natural History Thi s is now an ac complished f act Th e Butler Museu m is a
. .

great addition to th e lif e of th e schoo l ,and is already stoc ked with scientific and
arti stic treas ures Boys wi th a turn f or ar t may stu dy the inval uable Egyptian
.

co llec ti on bequ ea thed by S ir Gardn er Wilk inson, or th e u n iqu e portf oli os of photo

graphs of E uropea n paintings presented by Mr Schwann ; or, again, th e beau ti f u l

.

co ll ecti on of archi te ctura l photograph s i ven by M r G ard ner A s showi n th e

g .
g .

interest the boys themselves have ta ken in th e work , it is noticeable how man y
s pecim ens , es pec i a l ly in th e bi rd co ll ect io n , have been gi ven by boy s themsel ves .

One f eature is th e ha ndbooks to th e vari ou s departments S ir Arc hiba ld Ge ikie,

.

f or insta nce, not only arra nged the geo logi cal secti on, b u t has wri tten a smal l
m onograph to describe and expla in it Imita tion is th e s incerest f orm of fla tte ry,
.

and it is grat i f ying to note tha t Wi nchester h as l ately fla ttered H ar ro w by f re ely

borrowing ideas f rom h er in th e construction and f um iture of her new Qu ingentary

Museu m But I m ust not f orget th e new Drawing School , f or it is now playing an
.

important part and promises to have a success f u l f utu re Th e excellence of the .

work alread y accompli shed is i ncontes tabl e, and M r Hin e has every reason to b e
.

prou d of th e progress that h as been made in so short a time Harrow has never, .

I thi nk, produ ced a great artist, b u t we may now hope that th e time will come
when th e na me of a grea t pai nter will b e added to th e roll of Ha rrovi an cel ebrities .

So f ar I ha ve spo ken of th e opportu ni ti es provid ed in modern Ha rrow f or the

vari ous f orms o f i ntell ec tua l i nterest and ac ti vi ty Bu t it is of ten as ked , Wh a t is
.

th e present condit i on of Harro w scholarship ? Does sh e still p rodu ce a succession

o f sou n d sc hola rs ? Does sh e hold h er own in compari son wi th th e other great
sc hool s ? Since it occu rred to a n enterpri sing j ourna lis t to ta bu late th e re sul ts
o f th e vari ou s sc ho larsh ips a i ned year by y ear b t h e l ead i ng schoo l s , and to bas e
g y
a spec i ous es t i mate of their comparati ve meri ts on su c h sta tisti cs , there are ma ny

people who are dis posed to rate a sc hoo l according to its succes s in this somewhat
c ontracted field . Thi s is not f air on an y school, leas t of all on suc h a school as
Harrow ; f or, as h as of ten been pointed out, Harrow h as no ri ch f oundati on, like
Eton and Winchester, with a n u mber of very val uable schol ars hips, to attract th e
c lever bo ys ; and second ly, H arrow boy s, as a rul e, will o n ly c onsent to o to one
g
or other of th e lead i ng coll eges at Oxf ord a nd Ca mbr idge A s mall scho larship at
.

an i nf eri or co ll ege poss esses no a ttract i ons f or them ,as th e n u mber of boys to whom

a sch olarship is a n abso l u te necess i ty is extrem ely s m all H owever, in spi te of

.

th ese two pa lpable imped iments , I thi nk it may b e sa id that H arrow sch ol arship
still mai nta i n s a sa ti sf ac tory l evel. Du ri ng th e las t twenty years no less than two
hun dred and sixteen sc holarships have been award ed to Harrovi ans ,or o l d Harrovians ,

at th e Un i vers i ti es an d elsewhere ; an d it is a s ign i fica nt an d i n teres ti ng f ac t, n ot

parallel ed, I believe, in any other school , that during th e last eleven years Harrow
h as only once f ailed to ca rry off a s cholarship or exhibiti on a t Ba lli ol C oll ege .

Truly we may say

A B ll i l om t
a o c es n w n d th n
o us o a e .

Such,then , is a bri ef su mmary of the present intellectua l conditi on of the sc hool .

I think it points to one or two interes ting conc lusions First, a great change has .
 C HAPTER X XVII

SC H OOL L I FE A N D TR A D I T I ON
TH E tas k of
gi vi ng an ac c o unt of th e s oc i a l l i f e of th e schoo l is one which presents

pecu liar dif ficu lties School habits and cu stoms are generally regarded as if they were
.

immutable Tradi ti on, once esta blished, f orthwith takes to i ts elf th e semblance of
.

hoary and venerable age, and loo ks as if it would def y the wea r and tear of coming
centur i es, as it preten ds that it h as res i st ed th e a ttac ks of the pas t . I n rea li ty , its
permanence is that of the sand on a tide s wept shore ; li ttle al terations are a l ways
-

goi ng on unseen , and now and agai n comes a storm , and th e whole coas t li ne is -

chan ed Y et to one wh o v i s i ts it f or th e firs t t ime, when al l has gro wn ca l m

g .

a ai n, there is n o trace tha t it h as n ot been so a l ways E ac h new co mi ng genera

g
-
.

ti on of boy s m a kes th e sa me m is ta ke . W ho does not know the boy s explanation,

’

”
Why, it has al ways been so , of something that is, in real i ty,almost as youn g as
himself
One of my di f ficu l ti es is thi s incessant c ha nge in soci al lif e ; another
di f ficu lty , no less seri ous , is my cr iti cs N o Harrovian , present or pas t, can b e
.

other tha n a cr iti c of a f ormid abl e c harac ter, f or h e is well a c qu ai nted wi th h is

f acts. Th ose wh o have to write in this book of bygone days, of the school
bu ildings and inst ituti ons, and the careers of men whose li ves or writings are a part
of th e history o f th e l an d, as well as be ing a gl ory to thei r sch o ol , ma h ope to tel l
y
Harrovians something here and there which is new to them ; b u t in trying to
red u ce to wri ti ng wha t al l Harrovian s k no w an d f eel ,I canno t hope to say a nyth ing

ne w ; it wi ll b e en ough if th ere is nothin g tha t is no t true . A nd f ro m brother

Harrovians I mus t b eg indu lgence,if I sometimes record what seems to them very
ol d and a tr ifle comm on place, be ca use I a m wr it i ng n ot o n ly f or them , b u t f or

others wh o, n ot be i ng as th ey , do not k now th e ins and outs of th e sc h ool lif e .

I t is n ot maki ng a ras h as serti on to say that there is no sc hoo l whi ch owes m ore
to th e generos ity of its ol d boys ; this f ac t is abu ndantly dem onst rated in th e
c hapter on th e benef a cti ons . One might go f u rther , an d say that n o schoo l evokes
more loyalty among its f ormer members A nd yet if one ol d Harrovian meet
.

an other wh o was not a contemporary , th e al most i nevi table first q u esti on is o ne

that wou ld see m to p oi nt to di vi si on rather tha n un i on , f or it is , Whose house

were you in Yet thi s is , af t er a l l , a sur vi val of boyis h days and boyish habi ts,
now qu i te di vested of signi ficance . There will , indeed, b e a c loser bond if th e two
 SCHOOL LIFE AN D TR A DITION 27 1

di scover they were in the same house, b ut if they were in di f f erent ones th e f act has
”
l ost all meaning f or them Were they on f ooter fiel d, and their res pecti ve houses
.
-

s tr uggling in a hou se m atch , they wou ld stan d an d s hou t as they sh ou ted yea rs

a o when they were s m a ll boy s, h ati ng th e f oe wi th a pl ayi ng at hate b u t ,when

g
th e match is over, th ey will walk up th e hill to gether, and th e di f f erence of h ous e
will lea d to nothing b ut an open i ng f or ta lk o n ki ndred experi ences .

To ol d Harro vians in parti cu lar,and to the world in general , th e sc h ool is a

sc hoo l ; b u t to a b o in it, it is pr imari l y a c oll ecti on of hou ses ,of whi ch h is o wn is ,
y
”
ip sof ac to, th e best hou se in H arro w, and th e rest are mai n ly un kno wn gro und .

”
To the ordinary b oy th e history of a term , p u tti ng as ide th e i nevi table swo t, is
domestic history ; f oreign po li tics are represented by th e relati ons Of h is house with
oth er h ouses, by house matc hes in cric ket an d f ootba ll , secon d and t h i rd El evens ,
1

a nd ri va l ry in s ports On ly once in eac h year does the idea of schoo l thoroughly

.

domi nate the idea of hou se, and that is in th e p resence of a common f oe at Lord s
’
.

Yet if any stranger imag i nes this strong house f ee li ng overpo wers sc hoo l l oyal ty ,
that th e schoo l is not u ni ted as a sc hoo l, h e wou ld b e gri evous ly mis taken L et .

him attempt to hint, I will not say the superi ori ty, b ut even the equal ity, of any
other sc hool , a nd h e will b e at once enl ightened Th e sc hoo l f eeli ng is there : you
.

may hear it asserti ng i tse lf in th e h olidays,if Harro w is n ot treated wi th th e respect

it deserves in an Harrovi an s Opin i on ; you may find it in th e warm appla u se that
’

re war ds th e sch oo l cri c ket El even in its ba ttles agai nst vis i ti ng team s ; ou ma
y y
beho ld it wi th a bunch of cornflowers in its buttonhole at Lord s ; b u t,as a rule,the ’

f ee li ng is dormant I n Harrow it is taken f or gran ted ; there is n oth i ng to provoke

.

it to sho its el f , an , co
w d nse q ue n t ly, i t
n eres t is cen t d
re o n a s a —
m ller fiel d on the
aff ai rs of th e hou se On comi ng back f ro m th e holidays, a b oy will eage r ly disc uss
.

with his comrad es the prospects of the term H ave they any chance of being .

coc k h-
ouse in f oo tb a ll or c r i c k e t — and n o ch ance is too sma ll on whi ch to bu il d

a mighty cas t l e of hope E ven if rel uctantly compelled to abandon all hope of
.

these grea ter tri umphs , b oy opi ni on sol aces i tsel f wi th th e th ou ght that a t any rate
-

”
we can l i ck so or so s Second to wi nni ng in f ootba l l or cricket ( th e firs t is mu ch
’
.

th e m ost va l ued), comes th e newly i nsti tu ted house c hampi onship in sports
-
Below .

thi s c ome tri u mphs at rackets , at torpi ds (f ootba ll ers wh o have been less than two
years in th e schoo l), at fives , at gymnasium, at shooting, at s wimmi ng Shou ld .

f ail ure blight all th ese hopes , cru mbs of conso lati on may yet b e gathered f r om
su ccesses in house twel ves ( twelve stu rdy s ingers in u ni son) , or th e finer, yet l ess
es teemed , a rts of gl ee or m adrigal s in gi ng Th e chances of members of th e house
.

getti ng into the school cri cket or f ootba ll Eleven, or in any way representing th e
schoo l , wil l gi ve matter f or m u ch c onversa ti on and it will b e rec k oned as beas tly
hard lu ck if they are not eventu a lly chosen Shou ld the head of the house he .

1 Secon d Elevens at cric k

pl y d b tw El
et ar e g mes
a pi k d f m h h
a e e f een evens c e ro eac ou s e o

th ose wh t i l d d i th
o ar e n o nc u eg l nh l g m Th
e r e u ar sc wh pl y i th m thi k th m
oo a es. ose o a n e n e

more t t i i g th
en er a n n th an
g m ; t h
e y la esi ti fi e d h
ar e th h
essm f
sc en ti c , an ave e c ar s o ru s c

u n cer a nt i ty . S d El
econ t f t b ll
even s g m a pl y
oo d b t
a w th
are f ll t
a ngt h
es f h a e e een e u s re o ea c
h ouse, an d fi t El
ar e rs i t
even s
y h i g b t
n ever m Th y n uq natly m e
. i fl i e ar e cons e u en or e ser ou s a a rs ’

th an secon d El t i k t
evens a A th i d El
cr c e . i th t be t E l
r n t
even s d El e n ex s eve o a secon even.
27 2 HAR R OW SCHOOL
l
a s o ca pta in of th e sc hool
ket Eleven, a new boy wil l f eel th at his presence alone
cric

conf ers a u n iqu e l ustre u pon h is hou se, and wi l l regar d him wi th a lmost as m u ch

a we as h e regards the head mas ter .

Bu t th e stre ngth of this house f eeli ng ca nnot be j udged by wha t is seen on the
surf ace,f or it is not emphas i sed by artific i al disti ncti ons ,b u t rather,on the contrary ,

mas ked and c loaked over Wh en the sch ool is assembled as a body, as i ndeed
.

it is m any ti mes in th e week , either in cha pel , speech room , or at bill , there is no -

s i n of it ; there is no di sti ncti on o f r ibbon or colours to mar k ou t one house f rom

g
another, ex cept when gam es are act ua lly go i ng on ; house colou rs, indeed , sh ow u p

cl early d ur i ng th e
“ ” “ ”
f ooter and ru nning term s,b u t th e great mas s of th e cri cketers
are i n di stin gu i sh a ble, all ali ke, wi th a dar k blue coat and a bl ue cap wi th narrow

white stripes rou n d it Onl y a f ew house caps are seen,f or a house cricket Eleven is
.

rarely filled u p ( i a has caps given to a l l its members) ,u nle

. . s s it is coc k h ouse or pla s
y
-

in cock house match, and as ca ps are won in h ouse matches, wh ich m ostly take
-

place late in th e term, caps are rare .

Th e sc hoo l is headed by the moni tors , who are essentia lly a sch oo l i nstitu ti on ,
and it is governed in m atters athleti c by the Philathl eti c Clu b, wh i ch is in the m a in

an el ect ed body an d has nothi ng to do with h ouse f eeli ngs The cri c ke t Eleven and .

th e f ootba ll El even emphas ise the existence of th e sc hoo l , t hou gh the latter is a
less importa nt and gl orious body,o wing to the f act that no other school is met at
f ootbal l, th e spec ies of game played being un iqu e Old Harrovians f orm th e bu l k
.

of vi sitin g Elevens, f or it requ i res an edu ca ti on begun ear ly to m ake m u ch of

H arrow f ooter on H arr ow c lya .

S trangers, bred to Associati on, wh o come down to fill a vaca nt place, sometimes
play a bri lliant game of f side,or gi ve themselves much pain by tryi ng to treat a Harrow
f ootba ll (an obj ec t so mething like a large stra w church has so ck , wi th th e com ers
roun ded o ff ) as if it was an A ssoc i ation ba ll , and head i ng it ras h ly Besides .

this essenti al ly schoo l f ootball , there are schoo l s ports , sc hoo l rac ket and fives
cour ts , schoo l pri zes, th e sc hool yard , th e sc hoo l bell , and first, second , thi rd, and

f our th sc hool ,a nd las t, b u t not leas t, sc hoo l songs ; b u t, when thi s is a ll said , there
”
is n ot m u ch more th a t m a kes f or sc hool , while th e mai n in fl uence of associate d
”
lif e and athletic rival ry makes f or house .

Thi s f ee ling is ,n o dou bt, f urther f ostered by l ocal pecul iari ties Harrow School .

is not, as som e sch ools are, in a ri ng f ence of its own -

I t is in th e middle of what
.

was once a village, b u t whi ch h as now gro wn to a cons iderabl e town There was .

ori ina lly n o centra l bl oc k of schoo l pro perty ; pi ece by pi ece has been acqu ired,
g
and u nd esirabl e neighbours bo u ght ou t, or p us hed ou t, by th e e lb owi ng of the

rowi ng schoo l I t needs no l ong m em ory to go bac k to th e days when th e

g .

terrac e was a ki tchen garden,when th e s i te of th e Vaughan Library was o ccu pi ed by

-

a set of cottages, when th e gard en below th e s chool y ard was oc cu pi ed by a u blic

p
house School houses have been bu il t on su ch sites as coul d be had ; even now none,
.
-

save pa r t of th e headmas ter s house , is the pro perty of th e sch ool Thus while
’
.

th e m ai n part of th e town li es on th e wes tern an d southern sl opes Of th e hi ll , or

rou n d th e f oo t o f it, th e sc hoo l b ui ldi ngs a nd houses are on th e cres t of th e ridge .
 SCHOOL LIFE AN D TR AD ITION 27 3

Bu t these houses are a good dea l scattered , some being quite close to Lyon s old ’

sch oo l, and Others near ly hal f a mile a way There are no bou nds wi thin which
.

boys are restricted Th e sch ool buildi ngs themselves are distri bu ted some on one
.

s id e of th e High S treet and some on th e other, a nd it is onl y in th e sch ool

yard or, better still , on th e terrace that th e vi si tor real ly f ee ls himself to b e
in the middle of a gre at schoo l Here he has behind him th e chapel , the new
.

schoo l s ,th e Va ughan Librar y ,and th e headmas ter s h ou se ; and behi nd them ,again ,
’

th e Old schoo ls, th e Speech roo m , th e Grove amid its trees , and th e spi re of th e
-

pari sh church to crown th e who le To the north east his view is limited by th e
.
-

fine bl oc k of sc hoo l rooms , th e B u tler M useu m Sc hoo l s, des igned by M r Bas il

-
.

Ch a mpneys ; b u t l ooki ng down th e hill h e can gaze a way toward s H a mpstead

and Lond on , and , if th e da b e c l ear , di st i n u i s h th e cl oc k to wer and th e A bbey at
y g
Wes tmi nster, or th e dome at S t Pau l s I t us ed to be hard to decide which was
.
’
.

th e m ore bea u ti f u l vi ew, that f ro m By ron s to mb and the weste rn terrace of th e

’

chu rchyard or that f rom th e sc hoo l terrace eas tward s Th e f orm er was probably .

th e f avouri te , es peci a lly at su nset, and i ndeed it was hard to eq u a l any where — th e
s teep s ide o f th e hill , th e noble trees overhead and sca ttered down th e s l ope, o nly

a ll o wing glimp ses o f th e to wn , i ts elf r ather pi ctures q u e in th e conf us i on of roof s ;

and beyon d a wid e s tretch of c o u n try, reac hi ng away pas t Wi nds or an d th e

vall ey of th e Tham es , or in a m ore wes te rn directi on t owards th e Chilterns .

Al as ! that one has to say so, b u t thi s celebrated vi ew— of whi ch Byron wrote

Again I e o w er e f or ou rs I ave pond er d

b h ld h h h ’

As r ec in ing, at eve, on you tom s to ne I l ay ;

l b
d pb r ow of yon tom ston e I wan d er d , b ’
Or roun th e ste e
h l l
To catc th e as t g eam of th e s u n s setting ray
’

— is somewhat spoilt First, the trees in th e churchyard had to be topped ; and

.

then thei r f ell ows down th e hill had to suf f er in th e sa me way, and in d oi ng so
Opened u p a row of ugly cottages at th e bottom of the hill Th e fives courts , ha lf .
-

way down,were n ot an i mp ro vement ; b u t worse than all is a sma l l yell o w plague

s pot in th e sha pe o f th e sch ool O bs ervatory ,j u st u nder th e sights eer s nose
’
N ew .

trees will grow u p to replace th e st umps tha t survi ve, and perh aps s ome day a
generati on with more idea of th e pi ctures qu e will remove the observatory M ay it .

be so . B u t at present th e vi ew f ro m th e eas te rn terrace is wi th ou t a ri val , an d it,

too , meri ts th e prai ses bes towed o n it Thi s praise is sometimes hasty ; boys wh o
.

are ru shi ng to b e in tim e f or firs t sc h oo l ca n hardly b e expec ted to pa use, even f or

th e gl ories of a wi nter su n gl owi ng in a n angry red th rou gh th e f og banks Of -

London, or shi ni ng over th e m orning mi sts whi ch float u p

F m W mbl y i , nd K e t t e m,
ro e e r se a n on s r a

F m P e to f m d h ll w,
ro r s n ar an o o

Wh Ly n d eam d , d w in d m,
er e o r e an sa r ea

Hi a e fs r c t f ll w
o s ons o o o .

For an obvi ous reas on, we are l ess f a mili ar with summer sunri ses Bu t n ot less .

wonderf ul is th e sa me vi ew at n ight, with th e grea t glare l ow in th e sky which

marks where London lies , and the Hampstead lights of which we sing
27 4 H A R R O W SCHOOL
G d ight T
oo -
n l ki .i g; en o c oc
’
s n ear n

Lg t f
i h m s —
H mp t d m y f w ro a s ea an , e er , mor e,
F i t f ll , i hi g pp i g
s n er , u er van s n , a ear n

Fl h d fl t f i dly g ti g
as an oa a r en ree n
'

o er .

R d th m d th m
ea e , r ea e ,
E th l mb m re e s u e r co e,

G d will p d th moo s ee e

H t h gl m er e ac ross e oo .

Al l g d m t th
oo co wh d ight
es o os e o rea ar .

See th y t wi kl i g G d igh t G d
e are n n , oo -
n , oo -
n ig ht .

G d ight H w th y d t igh th
oo -
n o e ar an ee ,

B ight gl d
r y f p, t iti k a w ra s or re e on no n .

I f th t k h e bb d d d f y th
as e cra e an e ee ,

H w th y bl i k
o m
y p t h e ti g n a s a e c r oan .

l vit ac u ter ,

G f d f t u es ses r ee a n as ,

Ty t t t r an u or

Pl bl t l t aca e a as .

S h th bl
uc i g p kl t th
e ight ess n s s ar e o e s .

T k th m d w G d ight G d
a e e an an s er , oo -
n , oo -
n ig ht .

I h ave been l ed i nto a long digress io n, b u t one tha t I believe is pardonable

n o H arro vi a n l ea ves H a rro w wi thou t th ere bei ng i mpres s ed o n h is m ind a r ec o ll ect io n

of h is school , sta ndi ng u p o n a hill , a nd l oo ki ng ou t o ver th e bea u ti f u l pla i n

tha t s tret hes a way f rom it
c Th e gro wth o f th e idea is gr ad u a l
. W hile the sight is .

every da in ou r ey e , we are per ha ps h a rdly co nsc i ou s o f it ; b u t whe n we lea ve it,

y s

we treas u re th e recoll ecti on , a n d find in th e high po si ti on a nd th e wide o u tl oo k the

i mage of th e schoo l s o wn high desti ny an d wide i nteres ts — le va vi ocu la r
’
.

L et me say so methi ng in deta i l of so me schoo l i n sti tu ti ons , a nd pe rha ps I

not begin wi th a ny thi ng better tha n wo r k I t is u nnecessa ry to go th rou gh al l .

the i ntri caci es of th e ti me ta ble ; a br ief su r vey o f a boy s obligati o ns m u s t su f fice

’
-
.

Each b oy is u nder th e ca re of h is tu tor and h is f orm mas ter Of th e t wo ,th e tutor -

.

is th e more in l oco p a r en tis H e teac hes h is p u pil s in se c tion s , acc ordi ng to thei r
.

posi ti on in the schoo l ; in so me ca ses h e su per vi ses th e prepa ratio n of work , f or al l

”
boys below th e Fi f th Form go to their p upil room,or f a miliarly to p upe , between -

thi rd a nd f ou rth sch ool s h e is k ept a wa re of h is fl oc k s progress wi th thei r vari ou s

’

mas ters by Of ficia l and u nof fici a l re por ts ; h e tempers th e wi n d to th e shorn lamb ,
a nd ma kes it war m f o r those wh o o as tr ay ; h e is a f o u nt o f ad vi ce , re p ro ba ti o n ,
g
e nco u ra e ment, a nd p u n i shmen t pa per ; l o wer sc hoo l b oy s expec t th ei r tu tor to
g
s to p in a ll da , so tha t they ma fi nd h im when ever they wan t h im, b u t f e w tu tors
y y
gi ve complete sati sf a cti on in this respect Tutor a nd hou se ma ter may b e one and .
-
s

th e same person ,or they ma y n ot H ou se masters wh o are not cl ass ica l masters are
.
-

n o t tu to rs , a nd thei r boys a re pl a ced in th e pu pil r oom s of su ch c l as s i ca l mas ters as -

d o n ot posses s large houses, an d as th e hea d mas ter is not a tu tor, th e boys in h is

hou se a re a l way s parce lled ou t in thi way I t is more convenient to ha ve tu tor
s .

a nd hou se mas ter embodi ed in o ne, b u t whe ther it is a happy sta te o f thi ngs when
-

h e combi nes al l of fices , a nd is f orm mas ter too , is d ou b tf u l -

H e is apt someti mes .

to k n ow too mu ch .
276 HAR R OW SCHOOL
ga m e than f ootbal l , which is pr i nci a ll y th e s port of th e l ower and midd le sch oo l
p .

Th e ba ll u sed is a d imi nuti ve Assoc i a ti on ba ll, an d th e game is b eating, destructive

o f bo ots ,a nd m wet weather di rty W hen it rains hard ,it rs played m the c loi sters,
.

where a s lippery stone pavement, a bad light,and f re qu ent rron pillars add to th e
e xc i tem ent . An oth er vari ety of f u g f oo ter is played in hous e pas sages in th e
”
eveni ng,f or whi ch th e true f ug, a s quas hy creature made of hai r,wi th a cham o i s
leather skin, is empl oyed H ouse mas ters di sapprove of this game, and never
.
-

p 3l a it.

I seem to ha ve wandered , in a boylike and reprehens ibl e m anner, f rom wor k to

play,and it is time to return to more seri ous things L et me try and dra w two
.

pi ctures, compani ons to H ogarth s c elebrated I nduatn ous App rentice and I dk
’

App rentice . Ta ki ng th e up ward course firs t, th e new b oy finds himself placed

f ai rly high in th e Shells, or perha ps in th e Re m ove, in whi ch case h e is c lass i fied
” ” ”
in th e eyes of his f ell ows as a s well H e swots, does swagger cons, co mes
.

out high , and in tri al s a t th e end of term probably com es ou t first , when a pri ze

in Speecher rewards him H e gets a double remove (i e s kips over a f orm ),

. . .

”
goes u p through the Fi f ths rapidly , gai ni ng copies by th e way A copy was , in
—
.

th e O ld days,a tan gib thi ng a p i

l e r ze boo k,with th m e ar s o f e s o o —
th ch l whi c h you
c hose f or yoursel f , recei ved f ro m y ou r h ou se m aster or tu tor , an d which appea red
-

l ater in y ou r bill ; no w a days a copy is nothing more than an as ter is k oppos i te

- -

your nam e in the broadsheet (the pu bl ished list of th e order Of the sc hoo l), b u t
t hree co pi es in any one su bj ec t enti tl e to a pr ize in Speec h room ; and even if a b oy
-

h as not m anaged to acqu ire three c opi es in any one su bj ect, f our mixed ones will
”
et a p ri ze at the end of h is caree r, w i th our bes t wi sh es o n l ea vi ng H arro w
g .

O ur I nd u stri ou s A pprenti ce co llects c opi es in large nu mbers , and priz es here an d

there,perha ps ad di ng a school prize or two to th e nu mber Bef ore he is sixteen he
.

may wel l find himsel f in th e Si x th Form b u t un til h e reaches that age, he is not
able to u se Sixth Form p ri vilege s, or f ag others H is last year will see him nu mbered
.

a m ong th e m on i tors . Th e ear ly cons ti tu ti on of this body has been descr i b ed el se

where B y a co mparati vely late c hange, their nu mber ha s been increa sed and th e
.

method of selec tion has been altered , so that the top te n onl y are, necessaril y,
monitors by virtu e of their place in th e sc hool , and the rema in ing plac es are fill ed
by influential persons, heads of houses ,members of the cricket and f ootba ll Elevens ,
a nd so f orth , wh o , be i ng in th e Sixth Form and o f goo d ch arac ter, are though t

worthy of bei ng ni ade mon itors .

”
Far other is the pa th of th e Idl e A ppre ntice For a te rm or two all goes
.

moderately well, b ut a repu ta ti on f or sl ac knees is in proce es of manuf ac t ure .

”
Puns co me th ic ker and thic ker ; his tutor s f ace gets longe r and l onger, as he
su
pp li es sh eet on s hee t of pa per wi th t he thin red line T h.e b oy is tempte d to

a per a t the be i nnin g o f

”
wish that tu tors woul d sign ord ers f or a packet of p un p g
“ ”
term and h ave d one wi th it I t is his beas tly hard l uck
. to b e a l ways pu t on
” ”
wh en h e has cu t his con, and s kewed in his rep, when h e knew a l l the res t
”
except the b it h e go t . H e is h a ul ed u p in his spare time, an d l ear ns ac cura te ly
h ow f ar it is not saf e to go wi th h is vari ou s masters
“ L ines
”
are bec omin
.
g
O bsol ete as an instr umen t of corre cti o n, much t o his regre t, f o r do ing th em is
 SCHOOL LIFE AN D TRA DITION 2 77

mechani ca l ; an incl ined to protest against th e c ommand to do a hundred

d h e is
f acts ou t of a neglec ted hi st ory lesson ; as a vi c tim once explai ned , Lines
”
are eas y ; b u t to d o a h u nd red f ac ts , that re ui res i maginati on ! T h n x t
q e e

step of th e Idle A pprentice takes h im i nto extra school, where, wi th others lik e
himself ,b e copi es out Latin grammar f ro m 3 to P M on a ha lf holiday af tern oon
. .
-
.

I f thi s h as n o ef f ect, h e is sent u p to th e head master Even then the extreme

.

rigour of th e l aw ma n ot b e ut in f orce Per ha ps h e is ut n lin f r a ha l f

y p .
p o es o

holiday , which mea ns tha t h e has to show u p ten lines every half hour, f rom 2 till -

6, and these ca nnot b e done bef orehand , f or th e pa per f or th e next ten is i ssu ed

”
w hen the preced ing ten s ho wn u
p ; a n d o n re po r ts or , as h e ph rases it, o n
”
cards , th e ca rd bei ng a report of h is cond uc t d ur i ng th e pas t week f ro m th e
”
mas ters wh o have made complaint of him Bei ng on cards wi l l probably lead to
.

a tempo ra ry a m end men t,an d a seri es of good ca rds bri ngs h is rel ease A bad card ,
.

however, wil l take him to the Fourth Form room , and what happens then is not to
b e desc ribed ; it is su f fici ent to say th at small pi eces of bi rch t wig may so metimes
be gathered f r om th e fl oor L et u s ch ari tably suppose that af ter thi s th e Idl e
.

A ppre nti ce ref orms .

Ha ving seen some of the incidents of school , let us now betake ou rselves to a
house, a big house, that is to say, f or small houses are, as a ru le, b u t temporary
1

1Th 1 1 b ig h
er e ar e , f
ousesw h i
o h thc h eed ma t h
’
as er s m ew
as soh e e b t 60
r b y
a ou , n d th
o s a e

oth ers39 ; d 6 m ll h
an s a with
ou ses , asl b t9 h
a ru e , a ou eac .
 H AR R OW SCHOOL
res ti ng pl aces, in whi ch a b oy ma remai n a term or two u ntil there is a vaca n cy in
y
-

t he big ho use f or whi c h h is name h as been entered I t is n ot, i ndeed , everythin g .

to pas s th e e ntrance exami na ti on ; it is nec essary a l so to sec ure a pl ace in a house .

But tha t done, l et us s u ppos e our new b oy, John Ly on mine , esta blished in h is big
hou se H ouses of th e newes t typ e consist entirely Of single rooms b ut others have
.
,
” ”
s om e s i ngl es , b u t m os tly dou bles I n s uc h a dou ble our f ri end finds
.

him self , and wi th his co mpan ion sets abou t ma ki ng it gay H e h as , perha ps , a .

f ew pi ctu res b rou ght f rom home, and adds to h is stoc k f rom h is poc ket m oney -

hunti ng and sporti ng subj ec ts are most po pu lar ; cu rta i ns, a mantel border, and a -

tablecl oth are ad ded ; pla i n f urn iture is f ou nd f or him , b ut n ot an arm c ha i r, so

our f ri en d sets to work to bes i ege h is hou se mas ter f or an ord er f or one ; f aili ng -

”
t ha t, an appea l is made to h is people, and he finds hi msel f the possessor of a
” ”
f ro us ter , or , in abbrevia ti o n, f ro u st A cas u a l vi si tor to h is room migh t b e
.
1

tempted to wonder where h is bed was A Harro w b ed is a f o l di ng arrangement,th e

.

b ed tur ni ng on a hi nge n ear th e head ,a nd lif ti ng u p in to a spec i es of c u pbo ar d ,th e

d oor of whic h being shu t concea ls th e whol e thing Dark ta les u sed to c ircu late .

in the s choo l o f s u ch a bed sh ut u p wi th a b oy in it, a nd lef t f as tened un til the u n

f ortu nate vi ctim su ff oca ted , or broke h is nec k , or di ed f rom a m sh of bloo d to th e
head ,or was discovered man y yea rs af ter wa rds a moul deri ng skeleton , or went mad ,
or was th e vic ti m o f so me pi ctur es q ue ca ta stro ph e I t is hardly necessa ry to say .

t hat no b as is in f ac t exi s ts f or th e horrors of thi s legen d ; b ut th e whol e pract i ce

belongs to the dark ages , when times and habits were harder .

For th e firs t f ortnight Ly on mine, as a new b oy, is exempt f ro m being f agged,

b u t then h is du ti es begi n Fagging vari es m u ch in di f f erent houses, and depends
.

largely on th e proporti on of Sixth Form to lo wer boys I f ou r f riend is lu cky , an d .

th e h ou se is n o t, f rom his p oi nt of vie w, o verl oaded wi th Sixth For m,whil e boy s in

th e l o wer s choo l are pl entif u l ,h e wi ll pro ba bly begi n as a find f ag Si xth Form ,a nd in .

so me cas es o ther i nfl u en ti a l boy s ha ve brea kf as t an d tea in thei r own ro oms ,i nstea d

”
o f goi ng i nto ha ll like th e l esser lights ; this is term ed findi ng, an d two go to
” ”
a find . A find f ag h as to l ay brea kf as t or tea f or h is fin d , to b ring u p th e
kettle f rom th e house ki tchen,an d to make th e tea or co f f ee, if th e Sixth Forrners do
n o t pre f er to mak e it themse l ves ( find f ags ma ke very bad c off ee , beca u se they are

a l way s in a h u rry ) Th e whole process ta kes abo u t ten mi nu te s ,and h e is then f ree
.

f or h is o wn mea l ,though in some cas es h e has to return l ater a nd cl ear a way Two .

find f ags genera lly go to a fin d , and ta ke wee k a bou t, or el se one does tea and th e
other break f as t Th e d u ti es are l ess ardu ous than they us e d to b e , when find f ags
.

”
were se n t ou t f or h ot mea t N ow a day s mea t,eggs ,p orridge ,or someth i ng of th e
.
- -

ki nd is pro vided in th e house ; b u t not so very lo ng ago, the du ty of f eedi ng boys

a t brea kf ast was held to b e suf fic i ently dis char ged wi th bread and bu tter I f you .

wante d m ore, you ca tered f or y oursel f at one of th e tuc k s h op s , th e u su al plan -

being to get a ti zzy ti c k f rom home,i s an order f or sixpenny worth of goods a day .

on som e s hop Tizzy ticks, however, Of ten ti cked f ast, and h ad a habi t of m nning
.

ou t a f or tnight or so bef ore th e end of term, l ea ving th e o wner to brea k f as t on

1
T o
“ f t ki , I
ro u s ,
”
pp
a t
n f su y m t
ose , li in b d in th m ning
o r ou z ean s o H e e e e or en c
, .

f
rou ste r,
”
h i t b leepy in
a c a r o e s .
 H ARR OW SCHOOL
fighti ng), chatte r holidays or games, wi ll go on till th e ri nging of a be ll warns
over

a l l to b e of f to thei r roo ms a nd ge t them to b ed . Th e tardy wi ll l inger , braving

th e ri s k of detect i on by Sixth Form, wh o are expected to see that th e res t are in
thei r own roo ms by bedtime, and ta king th e c hance o f a cu t or two f rom th e hea d
of th e house s ca ne, til l th e lights go ou t, l ea vi ng them to gro pe the ir way to their
’

o wn room s an d u n dress in th e d ar k, or else encroa ch on a Sixth Form p ri vile e by

g
”
tol l ying u p, i a l ighti ng a f urt i ve can dle
. . .

A house m as ter ca n give som e pri vil eges to i nfluential boys in h is house, even
-

“
if they are not high in th e schoo l ; an d to ge t y our pri vs
”
is a grea t Obj ect of
” ”
a mbiti on ; b u t, bes id es th ese Sixth For m righ ts of find i ng and tol lying u p,
there are others Our world regard s seni ority as giving th e ri ght to thin k and sh o w
.

ones elf to b e so m ebody ; i nd ee d th e who l e govern m ent o f houses (an d that i nvo l ves

th e ma in p art of th e governm ent of th e schoo l ) is pass i ng m ore an d more f rom those

high in th e schoo l i nto th e hands of boys promi nent in ath letics , or wh o have been
in th e schoo l a long time Th e line of dem arca ti on between those wh o have been
.

three yea rs or more in th e ho us e and th ose wh o have not is mu ch s har per than
between boys wh o have won ca ps or f ezzes and boys wh o have not,or bet ween Sixth
Form an d th e rest Th e head o f a house is n ot nec essarily head in bill order ; a
.

house mas ter can appo int any whom h e considers in flu ential and tru stworthy and th e
-

head of th e house will rely as mu ch f or acti ve su pport on the seni ors,and the ca ps “ ”

”
a nd f ezzes , as u pon h is Si x th Form co l leagues .

”
N0 ru les are so strictly kept as th e m les of swagger, and these ch iefly consi st
of cust o m s and prac t i ces lega l f or th ree yea rers and f orbidden to others
-
. Strictl y
”
spea ki ng, s wa side h as come to ha ve two mea nings : th e firs t, and true
gger or

one, is th e e ncroachi ng on pri vi l ege s to whi ch

you have n o righ t ; b ut a ki n to this

th ere is another meani ng,nam ely ,th e u s i ng of these pec u li ar pri vileges whi ch others
may n ot u se Th e ru les of s wa ger ar e most complex , like other trad i ti onal
.
g
a nd u n wr i tt en c odes , an d in th em a ne w b o is a t to find himse l f entangl ed H
y p . e

goes out with his u mbrella rol led u p and finds he is swaggering, or h e ca rries it by
its m idd le or u nder h is ar m, or h e wa lk s on the middl e terrace a f te r ch ape l , or h e
”
i nnocently wears h is blu er open when it is hot, or turns h is trousers up when it
is wet, and aga i n h e is swaggeri ng . Lady visitors someti mes thin k smal l boys at
Harro w ru de I t is not rudeness which lea ds boy s to stick cl ose to the wal l , even
.

when coming u p covered with mud f rom f oo t ba l l , a nd shou lder th e world into
th e gu tter ; it is m odesty ; to wa lk in th e road is s wagger To l oi ter at th e house
.

door, or to s ing or whistle in the pas sages, or to wear a hat in the house are a lso
f orms Of s wagger A whol e c orpus of s wagger rul es exi st in th e matter of dress
. .

A certa i n similari ty of dress is u ni versa l . Th e l ower schoo l wear Eton j ac kets and
ro un d co llars over th e coa t ; th e u pper sc hoo l wear ta il coats -
These were eveni ng
.

dress coats of th e ordinary typ e ; b u t slight modi fication s have crept in, by which
-

th e coa t h as become prec i se ly like n oth i ng b u t i tse lf I n o l d days, a blu e f rock

.

coat wi th brass bu ttons was an a l ternati ve gar m en t, b ut thi s h as been l ong ou t of

f as hi on
. Th e Harro w stra w h at is another oddity I t pos sesses a very wide brim ,
.

and is very sha ll ow,so s ha llo w tha t it ca nnot poss ibly fit th e h ead ,and is kept in its
”
pl ace by elas tic Th e cri cket E leven wear speckled stra ws, and th e res t of the
.
 SCHOOL LIFE AN D TR ADITION 28 1

world white ones with a blue ribbon ; monitors having,in ad di ti on,th e badge of the
crossed arrows on the ribbon , b u t a l l a like are of th e sa me c u ri ou s shape
1 I n windy .

wea ther th e i nsecu ri ty of t h e thing is m os t trying, as once off , it wil l rol l , if not “
”
f or a mile, f or a qua rter or so, wi th th e owner in f ran tic purs u it To allege that .

your hat blew Ofl and you coul d not ca tch it,by way of excuse f or being ten minutes
’

late f or firs t school ,is much on a f ooti ng wi th the ta rdy milkman s remark, that the ’

morni ng was so f oggy tha t h e cou ld not find th e c ows — plau sible,b ut u nconvinci ng .

These straw hats su perseded the top hat f or weekday wear some f orty years ago,and
-

have added mu ch to th e oddi ty of a boy s appearance On a gusty day in winter

’
.

wi th th e snow on th e ground , th e sight of a b oy c las ping a sha llow straw h at to h is

head, while th e ta ils of a dress coat fl utter wildly around him , strikes strangers as
-

tr ul y remar kable . N ot so very l ong ago , a cold day in su mmer o ff ered an eq ua l ly

quaint spectac le, that of a boy playing cri cket in a dress coat, bu ttoned u p f or the -

”
sak e o f warm th : b u t th e i nsti tu ti on o f th e bluer, a blu e flannel coat f or su mmer
wear,h as p ut a s top to thi s C oa ts and h ats ,then,are u nif orm ,b u t s wagger h as
.

play wi th the rest Bu ttonh oles,double breas ted or co loured wai stcoats ,white waist
.

coa ts , c oats wi th s ilk f ac i ngs , pa tte rn ti es , b ow ti es , tie pi ns , atent l ea ther boots,

p
- -

” ”
s weaters ,are a l l s wag er G o i ng u to firs t schoo l in p u mp s is swag er, b u t
g .
p g
a t to a n noy mas ters A s to col l ars, a who l e arti c le migh t b e wri tten a b ou t th em
p .

a l one
. Eton collars are worn wi th Eton j ackets ,no one wou ld drea m 0 stick ups -

wi th them ; b ut once decked wi th ta ils , whether th ese be charity ta il s grante d

by th e head of th e schoo l ,at the request of a boy wh o is undu ly bu lky f or the l ower
sc hool , or mere ly tai l s assu m ed as a m atter of co urse on enteri ng th e Fi f th Form ,

th e vari ety of ru l e is i nfini te I n so me h ou ses sti ck u ps go wi th ta il s at once ; in

.
-

others , they c om e wi th th e secon d term in tai ls ; in o thers , onl y those wh o have

been three years in the house,or wh o are caps or f ezzes (i s in th e house cri cket . .

”
or f oo tba ll Eleven ),ma w s ti c k u s A nd then there are su bs idi ary ru l es a bou t
y ear
p
-
.

the brand kno wn as c hokers A head of a hou se on ce pu t u p thi s n otice on th e

.

house noti ce board : Those wh o have been two years in the hou se may wear stic k
-

”
u s , th ose wh o ha ve been th ree y ears ma wea r chokers E ac h house h as its o wn
p y .

c ode in mi nu ter regu la ti ons , a bou t exi ts , entrances , and th e rights of innocent
passage, all designed to mainta i n the digni ty of age, s ome hou ses going so f ar as to
”
prin t their swagger rules ; b u t, agai n, as this book is not a guide to th e art of
s wag er , we must on
g go .

Th e perso ns wh o think th e most of s wag er p ri vs

g are those wh o do not possess

th em,a nd it is in thi s sta ge of sc hoo l li f e that school tradi ti on is m ost stri c tly kept .

All its i nt ri ca c ies are exp lai ned to sisters an d you nger brothers , wi th comments an d
cri ti ci s ms on a u dac i ous persons wh o wa lk in th e road wh en they sh ou l d not,and th e

home c ircle bec omes u sed to a new language To tel l th e tru th, it is not a ric h
.

la ngu age,and it borrows widely f ro m the s lang of ou ts ide Its first pri ncipl e is th e .

”
s u bs ti tu ti on Of th e sylla bl e er f or th e termi nati on of words Thus th e recreati on
.

” ”
ground becomes R ec ker, and the electri c l ight lec ker Speec h room is .
-

” ” ” ”
Speecher, and Duc k p uddl e is D ucker
-
.Seconders and th irders are
secon d and thi rd Elevens . To be degraded is to b e degerd (pr da yg erd ) . .

1
A ec t lt
r en ati e ra on .
28 2 H ARR OW SCHOOL
”
Harder is hard ba ll rac kets ; a y arder explains i ts elf , and f urther examples of
-

this a re u nn ecessary For th e rest l et him tell an imagi nary ta le in h is own word s,
.

”
h o w th a t h e was s lac k , and tri ed to stop ou t a nd ge t s igned f or th e s wot
” ”
h e h ad cu t Fa iling h e tol lied up to mug u p his rep, b u t h is hou se
.
1

bea k s lim ed
”
d i ly d w
”3
h im d g hi m “ ”
)
2
( wen t rou n q u e t a n t u
g , a n a v e a
p u n .

”
He f ro u sted in th e m orni ng till seco nd bell , an d was la te f or speec her ; got
” ” ”
thr ou gh h is re , b u t was
p s k ewed i n h is c on h ad his kn i f e b a gged by hi s
”
f orm beak , an d got a
-
s ki t more pun s, and was hau l ed u p on th e n ext half
hol .
” “ ”
Coming ou t of school h e h ad a rag wi th a f r iend,whom h e cal led a cha w ”
.
4

”
A s th e conseq uent di spu te de lay ed him, h is fin d was in a ba te, a n d threa ten ed
” ”5 ”° ”
a whoppi ng Bei ng a dab at teek h e did a swagger ex, and passed
.

”
a qu i et sec o n d sc hool , b u t f ro m h is tu tor in p u pe f or be i ng s lac k a t
g ot a
j aw

sti nks
”7
.
“ ” “ 8 ” “
A t f ooter h e b ucked u p , a nd was u n l u ckily ski ed , j us t as h e was
”9

goi ng to gi ve yards in f ront of bas e H e specks “ ” 1°

o n his
“ ”
f ez a t n o remote
.

” 1
peri od ,if h e is not cha wed u p As an ex ample, thi s may serve to en lighten, or
.
1

” 12
poss ibly pu zzle h is people ; wh o come down to vi si t him, gi ve him lu nch, and
then ta ke h im f or a walk on th e terrace, li sten i ng to h is con versa ti on B u t, as a .

ru l e, h is v oca bu l ar y is to o co mm on pla ce to b e philo logi ca lly i nteres ti ng .

A s it is s wagger f or a b oy to bri ng a n o ther of a di ff ere n t hous e i nto h is o wn

u ntil h e h as attai ned th e dign i ty of a three earer , it is pl a i n that a t firs t a boy s
’

y
-

f ri ends are likely to b e ma i n ly in h is o wn house To y ou n ger boy s other hou ses are .

u n k n o wn gro u nd B u t thi s d oes n ot las t f or ever

. Members of a schoo l Eleven .

wh o have f ou gh t together a t Lor d s , boy s wh o have play ed th e su mm er t hr ou gh in

’

the sa me ga me, grave an d l ear ned sen i ors wh o ha ve sa t, day a f ter day, s id e by s ide
u n der th e hea d mas ter s e e as mon i tors or in th e Uppe r Six th Fo r m roo m, are
’

y
drawn cl oser and c loser together by as s oc iations of th e pas t The gu lf between .

house and hou se ,once so wide,so u nf athomable,c loses u p,u n til among elder boys it
is lost sigh t of a l togeth er A ge and athletic distincti on bridge it over ; th e c hee rf u l
.

“
prac ti ce of l eaving break f as ts fills it u p ; and to wards th e end of a las t su mmer
ter m, th e i s ol a ti on of hou se f ee li ng di sap pears bef ore th e se n se o f th e s choo l l if e
”
whi ch is so s oo n to end Fl annels a nd Six th Form coats clus ter in grou ps
.

ro u nd h o us e d oors in th e even i n g, or j o i n in yard cr i c k et in stra nge h ou se yar ds ,

- -

where as new bo ys they wou ld have ha rdly tho u ght their li ves saf e Fri endships .

between boys in di f f eren t houses are kn itted c loser in the cou rse of wa lks arm in -

arm a l o ng th e Lo ndon road , no l o nger o n th e p avemen t -

I n spi te of th e edi ct .

aga i n s t pa rad ing th e London road one may manage to see, on a fine su mmer
even i n g af ter thi rd c hape l , a l i n k ed ro w, c on spi cu o u s in whi te wa i s tcoa ts , wi th th e

gil t bu ttons beari ng th e cro ss ed arrows, stretching magn ificently ac ros s th e whole
breadth of th e road I t is in th e l ater yea rs , nay, even in the las t days that linger
.

between Lo rd s and th e end of term , days so u rgen tly wished away in that they
’

1
Re p et ition .

2
H od
u s e-
master ( er ivation th r oug h th i eves
’
L ti a n, magis ter , magistrate, b k ea
3
C ght p t p ti ipl
au , as ar c e of v er bt o t wig .
4
A cad , a c h wb a acon.
5
A kil f l p
s u ers on .
5
Arit metich ( fi
na l yl l bl l g)
s a e on .
7
S c ienc e . Pl y d h d 8
a e ar .

9
Ch g d d p t
ar e an u se .
1°
Ex pects t g t
o e Di bl d
.
11
sa e .
11
Re l ti a f i nd
on s or r e s.
 EP I LO G U E

ON H ARR OW TE R R A CE
—
BE HI N D the ol d Elizabethan sc hool ,
Chapel and f orm room c lu stering in th e trees,
-

A li ttle world of acad emi c rul e,

Busy and re stless as a hive of bees ;
Where ordered work and si mple worship blend,
Thought marries thought, and f ri end is kn it wi th f ri end .

w—
Bel o th e meadows, fields o f happy fight,
R ic h wi th th e mem ory of a thou sand f rays ,
Where ri va l f orces clas h in fierce delight,
An d boyh oo d pl u ck s its firs t and p rou dest bay s .

0 j oy o f mi mic battle ! genero u s f eu d

.

R ou gh nurse of f ree d o m, strength, and f ort i tu de !

—
Bey ond the mighty city S preadi ng f ar,
Smoke wr apt, mysteri ou s, pi nnac le and spire,
-

Big with tremendous f ates tha t make or mar,

A scene to strike th e so u l of y ou th afire
Great London l oomi ng blac k aga inst the night,
Silent, beneath h er lurid bel t of light !
0 boys ! 0 men that will y onder lies
be !
The world bef ore you Forth,an d play your parts !
.

You r Coun try ca lls f or va liant sons and wise,

Qu i ck brain s, intrepid wil ls an d loyal hear ts .

S O sh all y ou r Fou nder s motto thri ve and grow

’

”
B ON OR UM DE r Dre rvs a r ro .

E W Hows on. . .
 28 6 H AR R OW SCHOOL
B ul l et ,C quod cun q u e vul t P
. eel us , 1 7 5 , 1 77 C lb k C 1 56 o ec , .

C F , 253 C l Vi t 13 7 o e, sco un ,
T G O 23 0
. .

B L d
ul we r , o r , 69 , 1 7 2 . . .

h
B u rgcs , W , arc itec t , 1 1 9 , 1 45 . Cl D Bi h p f N t l 4 1 fi t o enso, r. s o o a a , rs
L d
B u rgh ers h , o r , 1 8 0 m th m ti l m t 98 a e a ca as er , n.
D
B ur on , ean , 1 0 5 C l idg , S m l T l 1 3 8 o er e a ue a or ,
fi F C
B ur itt , 269 . C l mb , R Admi 1 56
. o o ea r- re n .

B by C l l 51 , 1 3 2
u rna , o on e , C lly, T , 100 ono orn
B h ll R l V D
us e , 1 26 3 7 44ev . C k F L 1 51 . one , , , , oo , . .
,
B tl D G g h iii 3 3 3 8 3 9 57 C tt h m L d S P y
u er , r . eor e, c . v .
, , , , o en a , or . ee e s

66 7 9 1 3 6 ; d p
, i n ,d 67 D k C tt B i h p f C l tt i n e ti n,1 1 2
e ress o un er , uc o on , s o o a cu a, s co s c ra o
p ddl 68 256 ; w h l m tt 68 ; C tt ll kill d t i k t 1 3 2
u e, , ne sc oo o o, o re, e a cr c e ,
imp i l m,69
r oves c u rr cu u C t y ,A hbi h p f C t b y, 3 ou r e na rc s o o an e r ur
B tl D H M t g M t f T i
u er , r. C th p , P f . 269
on a u , as e r o r n . ou r o e ro ess or ,
C ll C m h iii 1 8 1 25 1 3 3 23 2 ; C wp E l 47 1 8 2
o , a . c . x , , , , o er , ar , ,
M m, 3 3 ; b ild 4 2, 1 0 1
use u D C D J m 36 ; b u d d , 59
s, on r . ox e, r. a es , a scon e
V gh 109
au 1 13 ; m an ,
, 1 2 2 ; C m , A h b i h
, f C t b y, 3 se r on s re ra n er rc s o o an e r ur
D k 2 59 ns uc C t n L d 1
er , ra ns ou or
A ii i M 254
0 , , l
. .
, wl y, A S 254 ra e . .

E M 53 23 8 254
. .
, , E n t 254 , r es ,
M m i l Fi ld 1 53
e or a E t
e 254
, u s a ce ,
M m 3 1 1 20 , 268
u s eu , ,J wm d d 91 a -
e- ca ,
S m l 138
a ue , Cikt r c e
B tt , 3 8 53 1 99
u s , , t H w h f l d d y , 25 ; h i a a rro ,c . xx . o o a s c o ce
B t C D 2 1 8 254 ; P il i , 1 56
u x on , . . f El 91 ; g
, d 8 5 9 1 ; Sp t n
av on n . o even , r ou n s, , ar a
By L d 43 65 , 18 7 ; h i i 67 l 9 1 1 0 1 ; w g d 1 45 ; p ili cons ne
p) l y y
ron , or , , s rac , , r u es , , roun , av on ,
69 ; D on 71 ; 1 46 ; E pi l 1 9 0 ; d i g b il l , 2 1 8 on r l ur ra na e
“
r .

p .
, sc o a ,

1 64 ; P l 169 ; onh lb y 1 8 8 H ee , w b tt g 220 ; d El n ,

as sc oo o , arro a in , s econ eve s
By l y 2 1 1 r ond D k 2 56 a 27 1 , an uc er , n .

H 5 1 21 4
ou se , Et H w h i 69 , 9 0 9 1 , 223 ; on v . arr o , c . xx .
, ,
By 226 ; m n f 1 0 0 , 2 3 0 ; f ti ron , e o ru n s ac on
C m , D , F d f C i C IL, C m 20
a s r . oun fight 23 7 er o a ns O a .
,
C lth p L d, 1 3 7
a or e, or H wlV d 2 26 arro an er ers ,
C l l y C S S Bl yd
a ve r e , . H . w l Vi h t
ee 90 , 9 1
a s 229 ; C a r ro v. nc es er , .

C l t Si H y 1 3 7
a ver , r W d w th C W d w th 23 0
arr , or s or v . . or s or ,
C il L d Mild d 1 41 H m t h L ith S h l 37 hl ’

ec , a re , ou se a c es , a s a . c oo , c a

C n l ph
e u i g f M , i ,1 n l g p 22 5
o er c a en e cu ,
Ch d , Di k 1 0 1
a c S h l d h y d 27 5 c oo an o u s e- ar

Ch m y B il hit t, 3 4 1 46
a ne s ,
,
S g
as
“ K ing Will w 21 1 ; A Gentl
, arc ec n on s , o e
.
,
Ch an D k f 1 57
08, u e o ,m b wli g 23 1 ’
an s a- o n ,
Ch pli , R ight H H 47, 1 8 2
a n ik h k R on. J A 5 1 20 5 . ru s an , ev . . .

Ch l R D 254
ea ea, . . nni gh m R
, J W Vi f H w, u n a , ev . . . car o arro
Chi h l A hbi h p f C t b y 3
c e e rc 38 8 5 8 9 95 137
s o o an e r u r , , , , ,
Ch i t r s h C ll g O f d, 3
u rc Si H S o e e, 18 2 x or r . .
,
Ch h Hill , 51
u rc C ”
,C S il , 3 S R d ll u rr er . av e 7 . ee ou n e
Ch h H u rc 3 6 1 0 2 1 , 20 , 3 2
ou se , , , ,
Ch hill L d 1 3 7
u rc , or D m , m, M q f 69 1 61 1 73 ; l tt a ous ar uess o , , , e er
Cl d E l f 1 3 7
a r en on , ar t D B tlo , 1 73 o r. u er , n .

Cl k,J l V R gi t y C mb idg U i ity D lling, L d 1 70 1 8 1 S L d B l w

ar . e s ra r , a r e n vers , a or , , . ee or u er
54 D lm ny L d 1 3 7 a e , or ,
Cl k , \V 240
ar e . D l ympl S i Ch l M P 1 14 a r e, r a r es , . .
,
Cl y, C il 253
a ec , D wi R A f W d w th m nit , ar n, . . on e o or s or
’
s o ors
Cl a C pt i11 W C 9 th L an , 1 47 a n 1 0 7 1 43 , a cers ,
H O D 53
, . .

Cl d , S i A g t 1 70
'

or r D id
u us us , av s on , . . .

Cl gh , Bi h p f 1 3 7
o er s o D l W o , E l, 1 3 7 e a a rr , ar
Cl y B t Bi h p f , 1 3 7, 1 58 18 5
o n e, e nn e , D n hi , D k f 1 3 7 s o o , evo s re u e o ,
C k ll M
oc ere h iw t 3 3
, r Digby, K lm D V gh , 1 09
. arc c , n. en e , on r . au an

C k
oc n e w ing d d f 1 00
oo D i l i d S i R P l , 1 70
, sa en o a, s rae an r . ee
C k
oc Ri h d 3
s, r. c D lphi , th f D k , 261
ar , o ns
”
e, o uc er
C d ingt S i E f N i , 1 49
o r on , D y f mil y,th b ii
r . o avar no r ur a e, o . v .

Ad mi l S i H 1 4 9 ra r R H J
. h T D D 3 7 8 2 ; h i l tt ev. . os e . . .
, s e er on
G n l S i W 1 49
e era r th g . t 40 43 57 62 ; W tmin t e rea re , , , , es s er
C h H A 203
o en , . . d T in C ll C m 63 ; d i d , 9 5 an r . o . a . e
 INDE X 28 7

D ru r y, R ev , 3 7 , 44
. M k
, 65 , 66, 8 0 ar G eorge King 5 1 III .
, ,
R ev H 43 ; Eton and
. . i ng s COIL, Cam
’
K . G d S i Gil b t 20 21 , 23 29 54
e rar , r er , , , ,
H er By P hilip 2 1
’
65 ; r on s tu tor, 65 1 40 ,
R ev . HB . res i ent of a iu s
. o Ca m d C C ll . . Ri h d, S h l
c ar f C i C ll , C c o ar o a ns o . a m
. 10 ,
1 8 , 2 5 , 40 , 65, 10 8 , 1 20 , 1 40 17
R ev W . J , 44, 65
. J . . \ V 8 , 1 0 , 23 , 29
.

Dru ries , 40 , 43 , 9 2, 1 53 L d
Gifia rd , o r , V ic e- Ch ll 44
ance or ,
D k uc er , ateD kp d ll u c - u d e , ch m m, 68 , 8 6, . G lby
i , grou n d
man , 225 -

l l
262 ; origi n a , 9 5 ; en arge , 1 43 ; u ic d p bl G ll
i iat, M r 5 2 .

h
on S pe ec d ay, 20 3 ; as it was an d is , -
l
G ass e , Dr 3 6 .

p
2 59 ; as s ing
”
in , 2 60 o ins , 261 d lph Gd h L d
o e ric , o r , 1 3 7 , 1 62
D k
uc s d k
an d uc l ings of , 262 G dl y J h
o e , o n R 5 2, 1 3 2 .

D u n cann on , V isc ou nt, f ou rt Ear of B ess h l G d G

or on , l 1 51 en era ,
G C n Ch l 53 , 269
or e, a on ar es ,

Sp W 21 0
en c er .

47 , 1 8 2 , 253 G w E l 13 7
o er, ar ,

G f t D k f ( i th ) 52 1 3 7
ra on , u e o s x , ,
Ex a m , Gen era l , 5 1 13 2 G h m Bi h p f Ch t , 1 1 1
ra a , s o o es er
Eaton , O an d C .
goo se m atc , 225
. h E 21 6.

b
E rington , Viscou nt, 1 40 , 1 43 G y W lt 254
ra , a er ,
E dly h d
n , R ic ar , 29 G t ,T 23 0
rea orex .

d d K
E war V I , i ng, 1 1 , 1 5 . G hill 2
r ee n ,
d d
E war s , M r 52 . G g S i W 1 78
re o r .
,
L d
El gin , o r , E M bl
ar es , 1 64 Si rj 1 78 un. ,
Entries , Dr ord s wor th s an d Dr M tg R i h d 1 42
’
. . on a u c ar ,
B l
ut er s , 9 2 n
’
. G im t ,H R b t h
r s on 4 1 47 8 5 , 9 1
on . o er , c . xx .
,
d k ly
Erwoo ( rac et p a er), 2 53 1 20 1 24 1 3 1 1 45 1 46 2 1 1 ; d i n
, , , t , , n er o,
Et n h l 8 8
o sc oo , n . 218 ; i k t 21 9 ; B M tin
on c r c e , a r on ar on ,
E t ,E l f 137
us on ar o , 240 ; d F T d 24 1 an r ee ra e,
”

E van s
, A t h 26 9 r ur , M m i l F d 2 18
e or a un ,
M B j mi , 3 7 , 66 ; d i d , 65
r. en a n e G
“G
E l 137
r os ve n or, ar ,
Ey , G E B , 1 50 1 9 26 ; h ngi g g d
”
re th
ro ve , 51 ;
e, , a n ar en
Old H y g i g p, 83
. . .

’
fi 40 44 ;
re , , a rr s o n u ,
FAB EB , F d i k, 1 92 re er c 8 4 8 6 ; h t p 9 2, 1 8 6 ;
, pti t s u u , a rece on a ,
Fan s , J li 1 8 0 u an , 20 9
F i g M m i m t 215
an n , r . us c as er ,
F m J h 3 4 1 20 20 9 ; m ,1 23 ; l
ar er , o n, , , co es ea ves , HAD DO, or L d . S ee o r A L d b d er een
1 5 1 20 5 ; m i l i t
, t 20 8 us ca ns r u c or , d
Ha ow, A A . .
, 1 56 n 2
, 54 .

Farra r , D D f C t b y 1 08 1 20 1 25
r . ean o an er u r , , , , E M .
, 2 54 .

1 3 3 2 67 , P F , 254
. .

Fi Gr es , 40 ; g
r ove , t fi , 40 ; K dy r ea re en ne
’
s H al h ed , N at h anie , l 18 5 ; an d So phi Li l y
a n e ,
d Ph l 47
’
an e 186
p
s ,

Fl mb d 8 20 48 54
a ar s,
’

, , , l
H a la m, G H , 50 , 1 20 , 1 25 . .

F lk t
o L d 137
es on e , or , l L d
Ha mi ton , or A 1 3 7 .

F tb ll h ii 8 5 B tl M m i l F l d
oo a ,c . xx . u er e or a ra , L dG
or eorge , M P , 1 20 , 1 8 2 . .

1 53 25 1, H w l , 248 ; Fi t arr o r u es rs , Har cou rt , A G V 269 . . .

S d t El e
ec on 248 , 27 1
, e c . ven s , n . d k l
H ar wic e, Ear of , 1 3 7
H w th a rro y f 250 ; ff id t 250 eo r o , o -s
e a , Ha re ,R ev Au gu stu s J C l
47 Arn o d ,8 8 n
“F ty Y
. . . .

or f imil
ea rs f m i MSS , on ,
”
acs e o us c . on S qu ash -d a
”
y, 97
20 6 20 9 ; H , i ti l th m, arr ov a n na ona an e h d
H ar e-a nd ou n s , 8 6 -

212 H are rovin -

l
th e H ar rovia n fire-s igna , 40
F t M J Ch hw d n f H w
os er , r . . u rc ar e o a rro , H ar man , war , one of Dr W or s wort s
d d h .
’

tt k
”
a f
ac ig s67 o re n ers , mon itors , 1 0 7
F wl Si G C E d ig
o er , r f D k 2 59 . . . es n er o uc er , H arris , R ev G k
F th e Par , 9 2, 1 08 ; and
. . .

F T lb t W H 69 1 3 8
ox a o , . .
, D k p ddl 1 1 6 208 259
uc - u e, , ,
F h l th i d m 3 5
r ee sc o ars , e r a es , Cl m t f P t pig di , 1 3 2
e en , o en e a a
F i d , 1 56
r en a, n . W B 269 . .
,
H i Th
a r rov a n , h l p p , 266 e, s c oo a er
GARDN R M 268 E , r . H i
arrov an Cl b Old 2 1 8 ; i ipti t u , , n sc r on o
G l d 53
a r an s,
”
P by d G im t i 23 2
on s on an r s on n,
G iki S i A h ib l d 268
e e, r rc a , H w
a rr o d m 3 6 ; w ld 2
, a e,
”
ea ,
El b ”
R 20 3.
, n f t
even h n d R t 23 7o e o e, a o er ,
G n ,H R H D k f 52
e oa . . . u e o , H ill pp ,a f 2 5 ; p p l ti , 29
ea ran c e o , o u a on
 H A R R OW SCHOOL
H arr ow H i l l Ch h f St“ M y, 5, 6 ; d
u rc o . ar an H er b
H on Si ne , 4 7, 69 , 1 7 5
ert, . d y Mi
ss
H arrow S c h l 32 ; t p noo ,h ill se u o a , N ig tinga e, 1 76 h l
89 ; t d by S t A
con s ec ra e lm 1 28 . nse , H ermitage, th e, 26
Hi ll R ec or t y M C t R ll 6 44 an or , ou r o s, , l
H ew ett , M r 3 8 , 64 .

M 2; C t ,3 ; C t R ll C , 10 , 3 4, 3 9 n , 44 , 23 5
g
a n or , s ze , i 4ou r s ou r o s, . . .

M i i 1 1 6 1 24
ss on , ,
P kT ar t 48 1 52 m p fru s , t t, 1 55 a o es a e , H d
i W e, , 3 1 , 3 8 , 55
.

S h l ,h w it g w 2 7 2 ; b f
c oo o J h Ly
re , e ore o n on , ll id
Hi s e , 53
h i c d D G g B tl h i
un er r eor e u e r, c x H in W e, E 268
h—
. . . . . . .

S d y h e iii ; p a ,c t .i l m,
xv . r es en c u rr c u u H dl y
oa e , B is hp o , 60
c i G mm S h l 8 ; i Ch h
xx v . ra ar c oo , n u rc H oar e, S . MP . .
, on Dr Vaug . h an , 1 1 3
H 10 21
ou s e , R y l Ch t d o a ar e r e novo S am, cu stos , 9 0 , 96, 253
ig er 1 8 21 ;
er e,
“ f ig
,
la 23 ore n er
”
c u se , H o mes ,l C F 43
, , . .

35 ; b y l p i h h h 33 ; d d
o s ea ve ar s c u rc , rea s N T , 254 . .

h , 40 ; i ares f f ig
n cr eas e o58 ; or e n ers ,
”
H oo , k Th d
eo or e , 1 8 4, 1 8 7, 1 8 8
S l t l ea 59 ; Ets o en , y t m“ d pt d t on s s e a o e a , p d d
H o e- E wa r es , \ V J , 1 21 . .

60 ; d D D y 64 ; Lib ty d
un er r. rur , er an H om e,W 3 5 ,3 8 rst married ea mast er,56
. fi h d
R b ll i i d g
”
e e 67 ; f
on , ign ore ers n an er , H ort, A F , 263 . .

67 ; i 1 8 22 ( T mp l B ) 7 2 ; h l id y Dr lass e,3 6 ; a mes ,3 6 ; of G d ’

n e e ar , o a s H ou ses , c h v . . .

d p i hm t t 77 ; d D L g Dru ries , 3 7 ; Dr W or s wort s fire, 39 ; d h ’

an un s en s a , un er r. on .

l y 82 ;e ,t i d D \V d w th
en r es un er r . or s or on ly h
t r ee,9 2 no H M s oar in g o use , . .b d’
-
h
d D
an V gh r . 82 au th i g b t
an , a. no n u 9 5 ; o u se 0 h h
ou se , 27 1 , 28 2 ; a rge and . l
l i t 8 4 ; d li
c a ss cs a , 87 ; i ligi ec n es , rre ou s , s ma , 27 8 ll
88 ly th b di g h
n . on 92 ;
r ee oa r n -
ou ses , H ow, W al s h a m D
D , B is o of B e f or , 1 24 . . hp d d
V gh au Sp h m A mbly 1 1 0 ;
an s
’
e ec -
r oo s se , H owar , or H M , 1 3 7 d L d . .

D B tl l g m nt 1 1 6 ; S p h H owe, ames , 260 J

’
r . u er s en a r e e s, eec
d y i tit t d 1 62 ; b y f
a ns u e it , 2 78 ; o s
’
u rn u re , H ows on , E W 70 , 2 1 4 , 269 ; E i ogu e, 28 4. . pl
p it d
es r p t 27 1 c cor s a , H u tt on , H E , 44 , 1 08 . .

S h l B
c oo f t h
en e ac ors , c . x v.

S h l B ild i g
c oo h iu dn s,c L s. v . an xv
’
on s , l mp , Arc
a hbi h s op o f C a nte r b y ur ,3
20 wi d w wi d 3 1 n o B tls re
g , u er 8 en a r e I vy H o u se , 5 1
”
an t h em tun e, 2 1 4
m t 3 3 1 3 7 ; V gh
’
en , , 1 44 au an s ,
S h l Ch p l h
c oo i a 3 3 ; hym
e ,c i . 99 ; x v , . ns n, JAC LA N T R N f K d yit 8 6
K o -
’
-
E o enn e es ,
b ildi g f 1 0 4 1 4 1
u n o , b ild i g 1 1 1
, re u n , , J k ac F S 2 3 0 23 1
son , . .
, ,
1 43 ; ti 1 2
c on s ec ra
, 8 ; g 1 5 1 on or an , J i L K 25 4
a rv s , ,
“
. .

S h l C t m ( ld
c oo
)us o l l i g i 76 s o q h ,r o n n, s uas , J H L ll Bi h p f D din,
enn e r , . as c e es , s o o une

3 4 ; G y F wk u D y 97 ; a h y m
es a , ar c er co N Z 86 . .

p titi e 1 6 2 20 0
on , ; S i t h F , m i h
g t x or r s, Jon es , S ir \V 60 , 1 57 ; on S umner, 1 8 4, 1 8 6 ; .

28 0 ; w gg 28 0
s a er ,
”
an d S pe ec -d a y, 20 1 h
S h l D b ti g S i ty 266
c oo e a n oc e , J osep h , 1 48
S h l di i i
c oo t 275
v s on s , e c. Jons on , T h omas , MA . . 56
S h l D wi g S h l 2 68
c oo ra n c oo ,
S h l f ggi g 7 6 8 2 ; l g li d 1 0 2
c oo a n , , e a se , n . K a n sm x s , S ir J B , 1 79 . .

t a i k t 2 20 ;
cr c findi g 2 78 ; ight
e , n ,
”
n E K en t , 1 3 8 , 1 7 9
.

f g a d itti g b d 279
an s n e s, K y , M 52
ear r.

S h l F tb l l Fi ld T
c oo oo a t 1 53 252 e ru s , , K bl R J 9 0
e e, ev . .
, n .

S h l g m
c oo S aCikt t es . ee r c e ,e c . K l y M 24 2
ee e , rs .

S h l M i l S i ty 20 5 267
c oo u s ca oc e , , K ith F l
e H I G N , 1 50
-
a con er , on . on . .

S h l S i ntifi S i ty 267
c oo c e c oc e , K mbl G g 1 77
e e, eor e,

S h l Sp
c oo h d y 20 3 eec -
a , K m A F 2 54
e . .
,
S h l Sp
c oo h m ( l d ) 20 2 ; l t
eec -
roo d o , ec u r es an C M 254
. .
,
t 23 7
con ce r s , M C , 224 23 2 254
. .
, ,
S h l t t
c oo 265 2 74
u ors , , K n dy R B H , 47 8 2, 8 3
e ne , ev . . .
,
H wby E l f 1 3 7 1 62 1 8 2
a r ro , ar o , , , K t 2 26
en on , ,
H ti
as n M q f K G 137
ar u es s o , . .
, K y L d 13 7
en on , o r ,
H th
a er e
y, L d 37 or , K L d Ch l L 1 3 7
err , or ar es .

H wk i
a M ns , 36 r . G l L d M k, 52
en era or ar

M r 1 13
. K l l Th 52
, no
e,
”

H yg th ,A 9 2
a ar . 12. K t f d L d 47 1 8 2
n u s or , or , ,
H a 1 M 53
( , r. Ky k h m R b t d
r 3 e a , o er e,
F .hit t 1 45, 1 46
ar c ec ,
H th D B j mi ,43 ,47 Et
ea , r. en a n d Ki g on an n
’
s L N R W 55
A CE , ev . .
,
C ll C m 61 o . a . L f , A hbi h p f C nt b y 2
an r an c rc s o o a e r ur ,
29 0 H ARR OW SCHOOL
Pee l ,A G
V 1 40 , 20 3
. . . h d , 1 47
R oun d el l , R ic ar
F . 1 40 , 1 8 2 W , 1 47 .

b
Ro er t, 1 8 0 R y t
o s on ,hi t k h 43
2 ; Btt , 5
s uc -s o ,
W R W , 1 40
. . . R th M
ox e d an or , u s ame, 3 6,
lh
Pe am, Prof essor , 269 1 55 mm n l d 21 7 co o en c os e ,
P emb er , E H 1 50 . . R gby h l d l i
u sct 87 88 oo , ec n e a , 11.
F
ranc is W 1 50 . R ll L d Ch l , 1 46, 1 49
uss e , or ar es
d
H owar E 1 50 . G W E 1 49 , 1 8 2, 266
. . .
,
b k l
Pem ro e, Ear of , 1 3 7
y C C L d C
Pep s , ( o r. o tte n h am ) ,.1 68 ; a n d S M q
a u s a vn v , f 1 41 ar u es s o ,
O Conn ell , 1 69 S d E J , 253
’
an ers , . .

l p
Perceva , S en cer , 1 3 6, 1 62 ; assass inated , 1 69 Sand R L , 1 16
e rson , ev. .

y B h
Perr , is o 37 Sau nd , R F i, i ers f ev . ra nc s v car o H arro w,
Peterb oroug B h is op of , 44 , 1 3 7 h , 59 us er
hl hd L
P e ps ,Arc eaco n , if e of , 48 ; 41 47,52, 8 2 Sa er , J . 1 40
h l hl Cl b
P i at etic u , 1 1 6, 254 Sc ol a rs h i f ou r, 9 7, ch xv . .

F ld
ie , 1 54 , 2 1 8 Sc h l
oo bel s , 3 1
Pin ner , 2 ; Ch h h
u rc of Jo n Ba tist , 5, 26 ; p Sc h l h
oo s , c a ntr , 1 4 ; y
ames , 1 3 ; monaster d ’
y ,
u l a tion , 29 12 14
p o ,
l
P a tt , D , 9 7, 1 0 5 . G mm ra a r , o rigi n of , ch . 11 . H arrow, 8
l y fi ld
P a ing e s , 1 54 P bliu t c, p id ra ns ition f er o , 8 7 ; l ow to ne o ,
l d
P ow en , H M 253 . . 88 ; mb n f
. d t 98 ;nu l igi e rs o , an a , re on
ly h l
P mou t , Ear of , 1 3 7 eum i E gl i h 1 26 ;
re e i n 133 ; n s ser v ces ,
Gibb
,
Ponson by G
a nd rims to n , c h x x n . . E gl i h 1 8 3
on on n s ,
Ponson b F
H on 1 67 n . . . S hw
c Mann , 268 r ,
.

H on G . h l
B s ixt Ear of B ess borou gh ,
. . S tt S i Gilb t 1 1 1 1 43
co , r er , ,
ch xx , 3 7
. 41 , 8 5 , 9 1 ; h is c arac te r ,
. h E K p . f M S S B iti h M
ee er o m 18 . r s u seu ,
9 2 , 1 1 9 , 1 20 , 1 23 , 1 3 1 , 1 46, 1 4 7 , 1 56 n , . S b ti i M
e as h l fi h Amb d 48
an , a rs a , en c assa or ,
2 1 1 , 240 , 24 1 S ym
e ,A d m
ou r i l S i M C 44 ra r
H on w I , 1 3 7 , 1 67 n , 1 70
. .

. . . . S h f t b y L d 69 1 3 7 f i nd f th p
a es ur , or , , r e o e oo r ,
Pop am, h 1 40 F L . . 1 74
Pors on , Ric ard , 66 h Sh b mer o h l 29 e sc oo ,
l
Powe l , Pic , E to n c aky
m p h
ion aL d
t o r s , 10 1
’
S h ider Ri h d B i l
an, 4 7 ; l if , 60 1 58
c ar r ns e e , ,
Pr es ton , 2 ; o n
’
on s J h Ly b hpl
irt ace , 2 1 26 18 5 1 8 6 ; , Sp h y 20 1 on eec a ,
p
Pu m H ouse, 8 h il l t R
e o, R 4 7, 9 2 ev . .
,
Si h l M
c e , 266 r .

R a ca , 8 Si k
n D
er , T in C ll C m 1 5 1
r . r . o . a .

k
Rac ets , ch i 8 6 90 ; . xx v. , , Harrow f ar a h d
ea , Sl y M, h it t , 3 0
r. a rc ec
253 q h 2 5 4 s u as ,
”
Sm l a e, G 253 .

Ra eyl igh L d 269

, o r , S mith G ld wi
, 99 o n,
m
R a sa L d , 1 3 7 1 73
or , R ev J h i d th , 1 24 ; i ipti n 1 3 1
. . s ea nsc r o , ,
S ir Bar t , 1 3 7 13 3
Ras h dal l , H astings , 1 7 , 269 W H h i b d 240
. . s oa r s,
h y
R ate , Ant on ,54 S myt h H e, P
y
ighth Vi
on t St g er , e scou n ran
f d 44 ; h i a k h
.

Ra ttigan , F W A 25 4 . . . or , 106 s ree c or u s ,

d L
Ra w on, ord , 1 3 7 , 1 60 S naps , Dr Eton ,60 .

d Th
Red ing, o mas , of Pin ner , 29 S oames , 90
R eeves , M r 36 . b
S o r onn e, R o ert d e , 1 6 b
d ll
R en a , R ev F 3 8 , 53 . . S oth er on , Est cou r t H , 1 78 T . .

Dr 269 . p
S enc er , Ea r (s ec on ), 1 3 7, 1 61 l d
h d J d
Ric ar son , u ge, 67 l
Ear ( f ou rt ) , 1 43 , 1 8 2 h
dl y
R i e , S ir M h att ew W 48 , 1 48 18 2 . S pottis woo e, W 48 d .

H on J us tic e E
. 1 48 269 .
”
h
S q uas , 3 4 ; da y, 9 7
b
R o e rtson , R ev J 1 25, 1 3 3 , 21 4 . . . l
S t An se m, 3 , 1 9 , 1 28
b
R o inson , H on F , 1 64 . . St. Jh L d
o n, or , 1 3 7
d y G yd
Ro n e , eorge B r ges , 1 57 , 2 1 1 St. Th k
omas a B ec et, 3 , 1 7, 1 9
p G
R o e r, l b Q
h is ett er a o u t u een
. ar , 18 M y S t Vin cent, Vis cou nt, 1 3 2
.

R os e, R ev H ug hJ 90 n. . . hp h
S tan o e , R ig t H on E 5 1 , 1 8 1 . .

h ld
R ot sc i , H on N C Harr ow B utteij l ies , M rs 1 56 11
h
. . . . .

26 ly L d
S ta n e , o r , 1 1 1
R ou n d el l , RevD R 1 47 . . . h h
B is op of N orwic , 1 1 0 , 1 3 1
h l l
C ar es S avi e, 48 , 1 4 7 D 1 10 ea n ,h l h p l 1 13 on s c oo c a e s, 11 .

J . R ,1 47. S t l,R
ee T H 47 , 8 2, 8 4, 9 2, 1 08
ev . . .
 INDE X
ph
S te enson , S ir R o ert, 240 b WADE , S ir Th omas F 43 , 1 8 0 .

S tevens , W u
”
, 2 54 J dy Wal l-(er, J D , and Wehbe,
v ”
. . 2 1 8 , 220 , 23 2,
S togd on , 52 J . 253
J .H 254 . R . D
2 53 .

Stone, W H 1 44 . . V E , 253
. .

S trangf ord , or , monu ment to, 1 3 2 L d Wa l roth , 227

l
L dy
a , 1 50 War ham, Ar chbishop of C anter b y, 3
ur
Sudb y ur ma nor, 2 ; d ame , 3 6 1 Varner , B i , 1 0 1 lly
S u mn er ,Dr R 3 6 f rom Eton ,60 ; .th . an o er R ev T 52
. G . .

D h ”
e most enes , 1 8 4 G T
. own se n , 8 0 , 28 3 d
S u tton , Dr M an ners , Archb h p C t
is o of . an er 1Vatk1 ns , M rs , 1 56 n . .

b y u r , 66 Wats on , Dr , is o of Ll an dafi, 63 . B hp '

S wimming ra ces , 26 2 D k
Sce uc er . Art u r, 1 08h
y d J dd
S mon s , A ington, 53 , 1 9 7 . D k
A G , 52, 53 ; an d u c er , 1 1 6, 259
. .

B h
Wa n fiete, W il l iam, is op, 1”6
TArr ,A hbi h p f C t b y , 1 08 1 1 1
rc s o o an e r u r , y
W e b e, A J lk Wa er an d , 2 1 8 , 220 , 23 0
. .

T ll t G W 1 40
a en s , . . G A 2 54
. .

T pli g, T K y M P 1 56
a n . ea , . . a . lh
W e c , R de C d E itor of Ha rr ow N otes , 266
. .

T i A th
as s on , y 20 2 ; h i d ing m n on , s a nc -
r oo , Well d on, RevJ C E 53 , 1 1 3 , 1 3 4, 24 2
. . . .

96 n . M
1 Vel l es l ey, arq u ess , 1 62
T ig m th L d 1 61
e n ou , or , bl y
Wem e man or, 2 ; d p k ame , 26 ; ar , 48
T mpl , C pt i J C ( H wT w V l W es t Acre, 52 ”
e er a a n . . a rro o n o an
t ) 1 1 6ee rs , tVo B hp
s tcott , Dr , D h is o of u r am, 3 8 , 44,
.

T t y F ti l , 1 1 6
er c e n en a r es va 53 , 1 08 , 1 20 , 1 25 , 1 3 3 , 20 3 ; 10 Tr iu mp he ,
Th k y Th m D D 3 6 ; Et
ac era , d o as , . . on an 209 , 267
K i g C ll C m 59 1 57
n
’
s o . a .
, h l dp
W estminste r S c oo , e ress ion at, 67 , 8 7 a .

Th mpo H Y t so n , S h l f A t 3 4 1 56 . a es, c oo o r , , n. h l
W itt e, R o ert, 55 b
Th t P y M M P 24
o rn on , er c .
, . .
, kh
Wic am, C G
262 . .

T mli J W S 20 3
o n, . . . fi hl
Wil d b l ud , M ac h arie, rst sc o ar of H arr ow,
Tor re ,R H J 8 9,99 ev . . . 55 n .

T M , 1 06
o ze r , r . Wi man , ieut -Col ,of N ewstead A e ,1 3 7
ld L bb y . .

Tren ch R F i h i l tt , 9 6
, ev n . ran c s , s e er a . o 1 Vil kins , H , 142 M . .

t th wi g 1 0 1
s on e - ro n , 11 . lk G d
W i inson, S ir ar n er , 1 45 , 268
Ri h d Ch c arni A hb i h p f D bl in eve x, rc s o o u , W i ia ms , Isaac , 3 7 , 1 3 8 , 1 8 9
ll
3 7 1 20 1 76 1 9 0
, , , S ir ‘V . F
en wic , of k Kars , 1 1 1 , 1 43
T ly Si G 3 6 4 7 1 8 2 269
re ve an , r .
, , , hb h p C
W inch el sey, Arc is o of anter ur , 3 b y
W C d i y 76 ; w lk 7 9
. . ar , a s, h
W in c este r, B is op of , 53 h
T ll p , A th y Ly
ro o e f h l 7 2, n on , on s
’
r ee sc o ar , h
S c oo , 7 2 , 8 8 l 229 , 248 , 253
77 8 0 1 9 3 , , Winc hil sea, o r , 1 3 7 L d
T k h
uc 43 96
-s o s, , W in kl ey s , M rs , 9 6
’
.

T t l
uns a , i h p f L nd ,3 s o o o on Jim, 96
T pp
u C L 269 er , . . Winterton, Ear of , 1 3 7 l
T t Bi h p 1 0 2
u r on s o , W oo ouse , 90
dh
W d M
oo 37
s, rs .

U m
N xvs g f 1 1 ;
s rr xl l , a d m k 1 2 ; e o , an on s, W d w th, D
or s Ch l Bi h p f S t
or r. a r es , s o o .

d y f ,15 eca o A d w ,3 7 ; hi
n h l d yy
re s s sc oo - a s,
Uxend on , 2 D Ch i t ph Bi h p f Li l , h
r . r s o er , s o o n co n c .

i , x . 99 1 0 3 ; fi , hi , re s
VA UGH A N , Dr C M T pl h l f Ch i ti g ntl m n 8 9 ”
J, aster of th e em . e, . . sc oo o r s an e e e ,
c h x ii , 90 , 1 06 ; th e r es torer of H arr ow,
. . bl i g f ity, 9 2
es s n dp ts o un e r eca es
3 8 , 4 1 , 5 1 , 5 2, 1 1 3 ; f avou rite u i
p of p l l i g p i h h h 9 5 1 28 ; b ild
eav n ar s c u rc, , u s
ld
Arn o , 1 0 8 ; h is c a racte r , 1 08 ; h h p l 1 0 3 ; h i h t 1 0 4 ; gi i g
c a e , s c arac e r , a- v n
e ieve bl d in monitors , 1 0 9 ; etter to l it t th P p 1 05 ; f ll w A
o e ld,1 06, o e,
”
o o s rn o

or L d l
Pa mers ton , 1 1 0 ; se rmons , 1 1 1 ,
1 20 , 1 3 3 ; an d u c e r , 2 59 D k W l f d , A hb i h p f C nt b y
u re rc s o o a er u r
E H , 52. . W yk h m W ill i m f , Bi h
e a ,f W in h t , a o s o o c es er
Lb y
i ra r , 1 44, 266 f d h l,9 1 5 ;
ou n D m m,
s sc oo , o u
Vern on , H 23 9 . 1Vyn dh am, W . F . 254
l
Ver u a m, Ea r of , 1 20 , 1 3 7 l
Vittor ia, victor of , 7 7 y YovN o, R ev E M . . .
, 1 20 , 1 25