Ace P.

Portes Abstract Algebra

BSE Mathematics – III

Classwork 5/4/21

Carefully answer the following:

1. A = { 2,4,6,8 } B = { 1,2,3,...7,8,9,10 }

If A ⊆ A, B ⊆ B and A ⊂ B, but why B ⊈ A ?

Answer:

It is because the elements in Set B is not equal to the elements in Set A.

2. Let A = { 2a+3b l a,b∈ Z } , why A=Z the set of integers?

Answer:
Let a = 5 and b = 10 in which it was also an integer.
By substitution we have,
2a+ 3b = 2(5) + 3(10)
2a+ 3b = 10 + 30
2a+ 3b = 40

40 is an integer so we can say that A = Z because the output of the equation is

integer.

3. Suppose that two sets A and B satisfy

A/B = { -2, 1, 3 } B/A = { 5, 6 } A∩B = { 0, 7 }

Find A, B and A U B

Answer :

A = { -2, 0, 1, 3, 7 } B = { 0, 5, 6, 7 } A U B = { -2, 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 }
4. Let A = { 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 }, a relation R on the set A is a subset A x A. If the relation <
on A is the set { (1,3), (1,5), (1,6), (3,5), (5,6) }, give the relation ≤ A

Answer :

A = { 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 }

Then A x A = { (1,1), (1,3), (1,4), (1,6), (1,7), (3,1), (3,3), (3,4), (3,6), (3,7), (4,1),

(4,3), (4,4), (4,6), (4,7), (6,1), (6,3), (6,4), (6,6), (6,7), (7,1), (7,3),

(7,4), (7,6), (7,7) }

Therefore the relation is equl to { (1,3), (1,5), (1,6), (3,5) }

5. The equality = on numbers is an equivalence relation while ≤, ≥ , <, > are not
equivalent relations. Such an example, the relation ≤ satisfy reflexive and
transitivity but not symmetry. Why ? The statement 2 ≤ 3 is true but the
statement 3 ≤ 2 is false. Give your own explanation.

Answer:

It is because the possible answer may give two different answer ( it must be
equal or exact answer and it can also be less than of the answer).

The statement 2 ≤ 3 is true but the statement 3 ≤ 2 is false because

equivalence relation are not applicable to this situation therefore we cant say that
they may be the same.

6. Let a, b ∈ Z. Define a ≡ b ↔ 2 l a+b, then ≡ is an equivalence relation on Z. Let

a,b and c arbitrary integers. Since 2 l a+a = 2a, we have a ≡ a. If a ≡ b, 2 l a+b = b+a
and b ≡ a. If a ≡ b and b ≡ c, 2 l a+b and 2 l b+c. This implies that 2 l (a+b) + (b+c)
= a+c+2b, it follows that 2 l a+c and a ≡ c. What is the conclusion?

Answer:

Conclusion: a ≡ b ~ b ≡ c ~ a ≡ c