Private 5G Networks for

Industrial IoT
May 22, 2019
Sponsored by
Today’s Presenters

Gabriel Brown Dr. Yongbin Wei

Principal Analyst, Mobile Sr. Director, Engineering,
Networks & 5G, Heavy Reading Qualcomm Technologies, Inc
Agenda

• Introduction – Heavy Reading

• 5G Private Networks – Qualcomm

• Spectrum, eURLLC, TSN – Qualcomm

• Q&A Session
Why Private Mobile Networks?
To enable or optimize a critical business process…
Coverage Control Performance
- Location not covered by - Apply custom user, device & - Application cycle-time
public network service policies requires low latency

- Dedicated capacity & radio - Sensitive operating data - Highly available/reliable

configuration secured locally networks

- Challenging RF conditions - Non-SIM authentication - Guaranteed bit rate w/ QoS

Private LTE is growing rapidly; Private 5G is underway

5G NR for Industrial IoT
Application Performance - What latency, availability & reliability metrics?
Requirements - What can 5G enable that isn't practical with LTE?

Spectrum Bands & - Leased? Shared? Licensed? Unlicensed?

Regulation - Should regulators allocate dedicated spectrum?

Network Owner & - Vendor partner, system integrator, mobile operator?

Operator - How to ingrate with wide-area mobile networks?
 KPN & Shell Industrial 5G Field Lab

• Shell Refinery, NL
• 700MHz, 2.3GHz & 3.5GHz

• 5G “Smart Helmet” for remote assistance

• Predictive maintenance w/ UHD and ML
• Robotic mobile inspection for gas leaks

• Stringent SLAs
• Challenging RF conditions
• Metallized environment
BASF Chemical Plant, Germany
“We need our own 5G • Private 5G network in 3.7-3.8 GHz
frequencies so that we can • Not dependent on operator
determine the security and
availability of the networks.
We want to set the rules of
the game and be able to • 10 km2 plant (“size of a small city”)
control the 5G network • Apps cannot be supported on WiFi
ourselves.”
Matthias Fankhänel, Head of
Global Engineering and • Testing self-driving fuel tanker (AGV)
Maintenance at BASF in • Sensors to monitor 30,000 pumps
Handelsblatt • “5G data goggles” for AR
• HD video assist & monitoring
5G for Factory Automation

• Diverse application types

• Production critical systems

• Robotic motion control is demanding

• 1ms cycle time; 6x9s reliability

• Requires edge compute on-premises

• Multiple industrial protocols
• Mapping IEEE TSN to NR in 3GPP
5G Industrial IoT Initiatives
 May 22, 2019 @qualcomm_tech

The Role of 5G
in Private Networks
for Industrial IoT
Dr. Yongbin Wei
Sr. Director, Engineering
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc
Container ports Oil refineries Manufacturing Construction

Mines Warehouses Wind farms Oil rigs

> $5 Trillion 1

Global economic output in 2035 enabled

Manufacturing
$3,364B
Transport
$659B
Construction
$742B
Utilities
$273B
Mining
$249B
by 5G in the following five categories 1. “The 5G economy: How 5G technology will contribute to the global economy” by IHS Economics / IHS Technology
11
12
13
 Security camera Sensors
Enhanced
Massive IoT
mobile broadband Latency
Availability
50ms
99.9%
Process Monitoring
Latency: 100 ms
Rate: Mbps Availability: 99.99%
Rate: kbps
Head mounted display
Augmented Reality
Latency: 10 ms
Availability: 99.9%
Rate: Gbps-Mbps
Automated guided vehicle (AGV)
Latency 20ms
Availability 99.9999%
Rate: Mbps

Handheld terminal
Safety functions Industrial robot
Latency: 10 ms
Availability: 99.9999% Motion control
Rate: Mbps-kbps Latency: 1 ms
Availability: 99.9999%
Rate: Mbps-kbps
Edge computing and analytics

Ultra reliable low latency

14
 5G takes Industry 4.0 to the next level

Single futureproof 5G On-device

network processing and sensing

Scalable capacity and CV and AI for

reliability autonomous machines

Flexibility with wireless Edge services

Ethernet Connectivity | Security | Compute and data privacy

0 11
10 0

Industry 1.0 Industry 2.0 Industry 3.0 Industry 4.0

Mechanization Electrification Digitalization 5G Connectivity
15
Driving the 5G roadmap and ecosystem expansion

Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel -17+ evolution

Rel -15 Rel -16 Rel -17+

NR Commercialization Commercialization
eMBB deployments in both New 5G NR technologies to evolve
mmWave and sub-6 GHz. and expand the 5G ecosystem
We are here
Expanded ecosystem:
Smartphone formfactor, Private network, industrial IoT Industrial IoT Integrated Access and Backhaul,
Connected laptops, Indoor mmW for enterprises, with eURLLC, Unlicensed/shared spectrum,…
CPE fixed access Boundless XR… 5G NR C-V2X… Continued eMBB evolution

Continue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G Platform

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+

16
 Private 5G network

Dedicated and reliable networks Licensed, shared and

optimized for local services unlicensed Spectrum

Scalable wireless connectivity Ultra Reliable Low Latency

on a future proof platform URLLC
Communication (URLLC)

Capabilities for new use cases Time Sensitive

e.g. wireless Industrial Ethernet Networking (TSN)
TSN

Positioning

Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements

17
 • Unique network ID
• Integrated and independent architectures
Private 5G network • Seamless fallback to public networks

With NR-U, 5G NR will support:

• Licensed spectrum
Spectrum • Shared spectrum
• Unlicensed spectrum

• Low latency
• Ultra-reliability
URLLC • CoMP multi-TRP
• Service multiplexing
• Enhanced mobility

• Ethernet over 5G
TSN • Deterministic networking
• Device time synch.

Positioning • Network & device based

• Industrial IoT requirements

5G NR supports many industrial IoT use cases today;

3GPP Rel-16 brings additional capabilities
18
Private
networks
(non-public networks)

19
Private 5G networks for Industrial IoT use cases

Optimized
Tailored for industrial
applications, e.g., QoS, latency

Dedicated
Local network, easy to deploy,
independently manage

Secure
Cellular grade security and
keeping sensitive data local
Private network1

Optimizing private LTE for New opportunities and scalability 3GPP roadmap with regular
Industrial IoT today with 5G NR capabilities releases providing new features

1. Also referred to as non-public network (NPN) 20

Integrated private network1 Independent private network
Public network Subscribers Control Gateway Services Public network Subscribers Control Gateway Services

Private network Private network

Gateway Services Firewall Subscribers Control Gateway Services Firewall

1. There are different levels of integration of public and private network architectures, e.g., shared RAN, shared control plane, shared user plane. This example shows shared control plane.

Multiple private network architectures for flexible deployments

21
Spectrum
for private 5G
networks

22
 Multiple spectrum options for Private 5G NR networks

Licensed spectrum Dedicated spectrum with Unlicensed spectrum Unlicensed spectrum

owned by mobile optional synchronized with asynchronous with synchronized
network operators sharing sharing sharing
Operators can allocate spectrum in a In some region's spectrum is dedicated for NR-U with asynchronous sharing can be Synchronized sharing can provide
specific area for industrial IoT (e.g., mines) industrial IoT use (e.g., 3.7GHz Germany). used for private 5G networks that do not significant capacity gains and eURLLC
require eURLLC

23
5G NR in unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) part of 3GPP R16
For wide range of deployments — also opportunity for new sharing paradigms

Asynchronized sharing Synchronized sharing

Evolutionary path: existing coexistence rules Revolutionary path: new rules for time synchronized
in unlicensed spectrum sharing in unlicensed and shared spectrum

LAA NR-U Stand-alone NR-U

Time synchronization 5G CoMP

Predictable sharing

Provides great potential

to share spectrum more efficiently Spatial sharing

24
Synchronized sharing vital for many IIoT applications

Synchronized sharing
Revolutionary path: new rules for time synchronized
sharing in unlicensed and shared spectrum

Single Co-located
deployment deployments
• Key enabler for ultra-reliable low latency
5G CoMP communication (eURLLC)
• Significantly increased network capacity

• Prioritized resources for each

Time synchronization Predictable sharing deployment → predictable quality of service (QoS)
• Opportunistic sharing of unused resources

Spatial sharing • Spatial division multiplexing can enable adjacent deployments

to simultaneous use of the same spectrum
• Increased network capacity

25
 URLLC services feasible using synchronized sharing
in controlled environments and today’s regulation rules

Today, unlicensed spectrum In controlled environments, Synchronized sharing support

offers unpredictable QoS QoS become more predictable predicable QoS and CoMP
Regular LBT1 using random access No interference from other networks, Today’s regulation includes FBE2,
results in unpredictable Quality of but still random access within the which support predictable QoS and
Service (QoS), e.g., latencies private network CoMP—a key technology for URLLC

1. Listen before talk (LBT) with load based equipment rule (LBE), such as CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance); 2. Frame Based Equipment

Unlicensed spectrum can support demanding industrial IoT

26
Synchronized sharing—opportunity to share more efficiently

Example USA 6 GHz

New 6 GHz unlicensed band in USA; If no networks use time sync. If a network use time sync. in the allocated
allocate a portion where time in the allocated portion, the entire portion, then others must be time sync.
synchronized operation has priority 6GHz band is shared as usual compatible to operate in this portion

7.125 GHz

6.875 GHz
Time Async. LBT Sync. LBT
synchronization
6.525 GHz

Async. LBT Async. LBT

5.925 GHz

27
eURLLC
Enhanced ultra-reliable low
latency communication

28
 5G NR provides flexibility to reach millisecond latencies
1ms subframe aligned with LTE

CP-OFDM Symbol
Subframe

Wide-area
e.g., FDD 700 MHz 15 kHz SCS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

500 µs
Indoor/Outdoor 30 kHz SCS Slot
e.g., TDD 3-7 GHz
250 µs
60 kHz SCS Slot

125 µs
mmWave
e.g., TDD 28 GHz 120 kHz SCS Slot

1 ms (2 slots @ 30 kHz SCS)

Example DL Ctrl DL data UL Data UL Ctrl SRS

Based on 30 kHz SCS

Fast UE processing (capability 2)

Lower latency from…

…shorter slot with higher …fast UE processing with …mini-slots allowing DL …flexible slot structure …using CoMP to avoid
subcarrier spacing (SCS) data + control in same slot and UL data in same slot with fast DL/UL switching re-transmissions
29
 5G CoMP achieves ultra-reliability
1 2
Spatial diversity for eURLLC to reach 99.9999% reliability

Coordinated Multi
Point (CoMP) creates
TRP 3 TRP TRP spatial diversity
gNB
with redundant
distributed
units communication paths
• Other diversity methods such as
frequency and time diversity are
not sufficient for URLLC
gNB centralized • CoMP is facilitated by denser
unit and CoMP server
deployment of small cells with
high bandwidth backhaul

1. Enhanced ultra-reliable low latency communication; 2. A performance requirements for communication service availability in 3GPP TS 22.104; 30
3. Transmission/Reception Point
TSN
Time Sensitive Networking—
a collection of IEEE 802.1Q
standards

31
5G adds support for TSN Ethernet adaptation and QoS
Compressed header

Ethernet 5G Ethernet
Payload Payload Payload
header header header

TSN adapter 5G core

TSN adapter
Ethernet Air link Backhaul Ethernet
TSN User plane
UE gNB
device TSN system
QoS mgmt QoS mgmt QoS mgmt.
Control plane

5G system

5G defines TSN adapters for TSN adapter maps TSN TSN adapter provides 5G provides efficient
interworking with TSN configurations to 5G QoS Ethernet functions such transport of Ethernet frames
devices and systems framework as loop detection via header compression
32
 1
5G adds support for TSN time synchronization with gPTP

gPTP Timestamp and gPTP Timestamp and

Computation of Correction Field
Packet Correction Packet Correction

TSN Ethernet TSN Air link Backhaul TSN Ethernet

UE gNB 5G core
device adapter adapter

TSN System
Precise time

5G system time

TSN client clock 5G system TSN master clock

1) generalized Precision Time Protocol

Industrial operation require 5G provides precise Computation of correction 5G Rel-16 can interwork with
microsecond accurate time synchronization to a field for gPTP timestamp existing wired TSN systems
to each device common 5G system time and interworking without changes
33
Positioning `

34
3GPP Rel-16 introduces 5G NR positioning

Multiple
positioning
technologies
Industrial IoT specific use
case requirements, Round trip Time difference Angle of New positioning New industrial IoT
e.g., 20 cm for logistics1 time of arrival arrival reference signals channel model

Network On-device

Sensor
fusion Cloud data GNSS Accelerometer Gyroscope

Improving accuracy with

sensor fusion and
on-device processing

Uplink Downlink Compass Computer

positioning positioning vision

1. One of the performance requirements in 3GPP TS 22.104 35

5G Industrial IoT
testbed to drive
and track progress
in standards
Over-the-air testbed to demonstrate 5G small-cells 5G mobile test devices 5G CoMP server 5G robots
new IIoT functionality such as CoMP,
eURLLC, and TSN

36
Demonstrations of 5G CoMP at MWC Barcelona 2019

5G CoMP for capacity 5G CoMP for ultra-reliability

Synchronized sharing with 5G CoMP in shared/unlicensed spectrum Industry-first demo of 99.9999%1 ultra-reliability in a 5G NR
provides higher network capacity and perceived data speeds. over-the-air testbed using CoMP

With synchronized sharing, adjacent deployments to simultaneous 5G CoMP provides spatial diversity that can overcome blocking in
use of the same spectrum. challenging radio environments

1) One of the performance requirements in 3GPP TS 22.104 37

 Strong industry collaboration around 5G Industrial IoT
Bosch Rexroth: AGV Bosch Rexroth: Connection Götting: AGV Bosch: Emergency stop Festo: IoT gateway
of a 3D printer to 5G

Siemens: IIoT use case ZEISS: Inline quality Weidmüller: robot controller IFAK: Wireless KPI Phoenix contact: terminal
inspection

Kickstarted 5G for Industrial IoT with Research collaboration 5G Alliance for Connected Industries
10+ live ecosystem demonstrations at with Bosch announced and Automation (5G-ACIA)—advancing
Hannover Messe 2019 based on Rel-15 Feb. 2019 5G for the industrial domain
38
 NR

Extending 5G to industrial IoT Multiple spectrum options

5G can serve many industrial IoT applications today There are multiple deployment and spectrum options
and 3GPP Rel-16 bringing additional functionality for private 5G industrial IoT networks with NR-U
such as eURLLC for wireless industrial Ethernet being part of 3GPP Rel-16.

Summary Sync. LBT

Synchronized sharing 5G testbeds to drive standard

Synchronized sharing support industrial IoT in Utilizing over-the-air testbeds with our 5G NR mobile
unlicensed spectrum (e.g. 5GHz & 6GHz) and test devices to research new functionality, e.g. 5G
sharing dedicated spectrum (e.g. 3.7GHz Germany) CoMP, and to drive and track progress in standard

39
Thank you
Follow us on:
For more information, visit us at:
www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog
Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the
components or devices referenced herein.
©2018-2019 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its
affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved.
Qualcomm is a trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated,
registered in the United States and other countries. Other
products and brand names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective owners.
References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm
Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries
or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as
applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing
business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm
Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm
Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of
Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and
substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its
semiconductor business, QCT.