Name : Hagi Hanif

NIM : 16110200161
Class : ​23-20SP
Subject : ​Business Ethics and Administration
Lecturer : ​Alexander Mamby Aruan, M.Si.

Chapter 5

In this period of digitalization, technology is invading human beings in various factors of existence,
including enterprise. Technology has motivated the commercial enterprise in order that the operating
machine has been running faster. One of era this is very crucial in human life is the internet. Internet has
end up an crucial part inside the commercial enterprise international today.

Internet to support commercial enterprise

- E-commerce: is an internet marketplace in which the buying nd selling process happens digitally or thru
the internet. Ex: Tokopedia, BukaLapak, Blli Bli, etc.

- Marketing: on-line marketing can be accomplished on line the use of websites. This marketing gadget is
very smooth due to the fact of “low price range, excessive impact” and additionally has a variety of
alternatives inclusive of thru websites, emails, social media, or webinars.

- Intranet: is a community in a limited enterprise that is used by an internal group to share records. One
of the agencies that makes use of the intranet is Pentagon, The Headquarters building of the USA
Department of Defense.
Business Software Packages

- Business use software packages (inclusive of Microsoft Office, Apple iWork, and Google Docs)

Disadvantage of technology for commercial enterprise

- Must buy a variety of devices to guide the era used, so we should spend price range to maintenance, at
a price that is not cheap.
- In a business we've got a confidential statistics, so the enterprise must invest extra money to defend
the information so that records theft doesn’t occur.

- Communication using generation is truly one-of-a-kind from direct conversation, communicating via
era can reason misunderstanding.

Globalization

In this digitalization era, the entirety that we placed on the internet may be accessed with the aid of
anyone, anywhere, and each time so that the effect may be very big. But there are a few countries that
still restrict themselves to penetration.

Trading block: is a joint marketplace between numerous nations or regions of the country. Ex: ASEAN,
EU Free exchange: alternate between countries with out obstacles
Advantage of Globalization:

- Our marketplace is broad

- Improve our conversation with language
- Increase labor and skills
- Decrease on the cost of transporting products

Disadvantage of Globalization
- Greater degree of competition from enterprise lodge different countries
- International exchange cause the fluctuation in exchange rate.

BUSINESS FINANCE

Chapter 8

The Need of Finance

A business desires to prepare brief time period and/or long time period economic plan for his or her
business including start-up business (they want money to start the commercial enterprise) & finance for
expansion (they need cash to extend their enterprise)

Variety of factors earlier than identifying if it can supply the finance internally or externally.

These will be:

1. The amount of cash required
2. The length of time it needs finance for
3. How fast it desires the money
4. The fees of the alternatives available
5. The risk(s) involved.

Internal Source of Finance

Finance this is sourced internally from within the commercial enterprise can encompass:
1. Personal savings
This is the money that a few entrepreneur has saved themselves.
2. Retained profits / Retained earnings
This is the income kept inside the enterprise that isn't always paid out as dividends to shareholders.
3. Selling Assets

Assets are gadgets that the business owns.

External Sources of Finance
Finance that externally from outside the enterprise human beings;

1. Overdraft
This is a quick term way that taking cash up to limit for a few enterprise activities.
2. Loan Capital
This is a longer-time period way to borrow cash. It comes from a lender and is generally
secured against the belongings of the commercial enterprise.

3. Share Capital
This comes from out of doors investors who buy a percentage of the business.

4. Venture Capital
This is raised from task capitalists, who are individuals that invest in agencies.

5. Trade Payables
This is the quantity that customers owe for their purchases to the business

6. Crowd Funding
This is a manner of elevating finance by asking a big quantity of humans for a small quantity of
money each. Ex: Dana.Com

Keeping precise monetary record

The most essential issue to keeping top financial is to

1. Measure income and determine the monetary situation

2. Provide historical statistics business evaluation
3. Assist in acquiring a loan
4. Measure the profitability of individual enterprises
5. Assist within the evaluation of new investments
6. Prepare earnings tax returns

Statement of comprehensive profits

The assertion of comprehensive profits suggests all of the earnings and charges at some point of a
specified length of time.

Such as:
1. Gross earnings: the income made earlier than subtracting the cost of manufacturing
2. Other operating prices: the price related with the business’s important operating
activities, which includes the value of manufacturing and general administrative costs.
3. Profit for the year: the quantity of income the enterprise has left after all the expenses have
been taken away from the gross earnings figure
4. Retained profit: the profit kept in the commercial enterprise and not paid out as dividends to
shareholders.
5. Distributed income: the quantity of income that has been paid as dividends to shareholders
in a selected length.

Chapter 9

COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER

Business Communication
Business conversation is done internally (Employee) and externally (Stakeholder). Effective communique
is essential as it can make an impact on business efficiency. In a commercial enterprise, A “brand” is a
name, symbol, sign, design or aggregate of these, used to identify the goods or services of a commercial
enterprise and to differentiate them from their competitors.

Formal Communication:

is bureaucratic messages despatched via a business ex: a letter or report.

Informal Communication:

is unofficial messages not officially approved that generally use in a few conversation among
colleagues or between worker
Different sorts of communication used in business

Written:

Some newsletters, formal letters, e-mail, notes, Text Messages that encompass textual content in a few
paper.

Verbal:

Include cellphone calls, meetings, one-to-one interviews, and presentations. Talking is an

example of what communication verbal seems like.

Customer Service

There is inner and external clients

Internal:

all of the human beings who have a right away courting with a commercial enterprise (together with
employees, managers, stakeholders and shareholders)

External:

all the people who purchase a product from a enterprise however are now not part of the enterprise.

Ex:
Product = Iphone 10
Internal = employee, sales
External = human beings who purchase the product, distributor,

Excellent customer support will create

1. Increase income through loyal purchaser
2. Word of mouth recommendation
3. Good media publishes
4. Motivation to worker to perform properly in work

Features of effective commercial enterprise conversation with clients

1. Language
It need to continually be appropriate for the customer.

2. Tone of voice
The tone of voice isn't what you say but how you say it.

3. Empathy
Empathy is the ability to share or understand the emotions of others. It is essential that
employees display empathy to customers.

How commercial enterprise gain patron feedback

1. Use survey and questionnaires

2. Online review one of these blog or articles forums
3. Focus group
4. Suggestion box
Chapter 10

Management Information System and commercial enterprise document

Management statistics system

A management information machine is an information machine used for decision-making, and for the
coordination, control, evaluation, and visualization of data in an organization. The study

of the management statistics systems involves humans, approaches and technology in an

organizational context.
advantages of the usage of an MIS

People
The staff that strategies information and prepares the records.

Equipment
Business device can transmit and talk the data to select body of workers.

Procedures
An agreed framework for the production and distribution of the facts to chosen managers and body of
workers.

Disadvantages of the usage of an MIS

1. Costly investment
2. Constant replace of MIS software package, Customizing the system
3. System reliability and security as computerized structures are prone to attacks and viruses

P.E.S.T Analysis

All groups are influenced by external factors EX: a market circumstance or authorities policies.
PEST evaluation is useful because it facilitates to spot business opportunities, and spotlight risks.

1. Political Factor
is a law and regulations that a business ought to follow to hold legal.

2. Economic Factor
It is a alternate in tax a few product and hobby rates.

3. Social Factor
It is approximately life-style modifications that some companies need to know to expand their product.

4. Technological Factor
it's far approximately era that can have an effect on the way commercial enterprise operates.
Sales and shopping document

1. Businesses sell goods and offerings to generate revenue.

2. Sellers of goods will promote to customers
3. Sellers of carrier will sell to a client

Sales shopping files is for;

1. To get items to the right area at the right time

2. To provide statistics approximately items being offered and sold
3. To assist discover mistakes
4. To prove that items were sold and sold
5. To make certain correct prices are charged
6. To help produce accounts

Chapter 11

Business Policies

Difference among Policies and Law

• Policies are urged by using the company. Policies aim to reap the imaginative and prescient and
mission.

• Law is the legitimacy of the authorities or established policies.

Policies

Policies are made in an effort to create the character of a corporation. Policies need to be directed to
new contributors or new staff. Introduction to policies may be performed during orientation or
education, a good way to observe the theory.

There are two classifications of Policies in a employer:

• Compulsory (Statutory Law) is a coverage that is mandatory. For example, pay for college, fill in KRS

• Voluntary (Non Statutory Law) is a coverage that isn't mandatory

• Health and Safety

Policies that must be considered through groups with a purpose to reduce injuries or unwanted things,
depending on the type of commercial enterprise they are. For example, in a plague condition like this
doctors in carrying out their duties need to use APD to shield themselves from being infected with the
aid of the virus.

• Employment Legislation

Is a settlement or document of mutual understanding relating to employment status, salaries and

advantages in addition to the rights of an worker whilst working in a business enterprise.

• Data Protection
An worker whilst registering at a employer will fill out complete personal information. The records must
be stored securely via the organisation and ought to no longer be leaked anywhere.

• Consumer Protection
Is a protection for shoppers or consumers. For example, there may be a Halal join up meals that suggests
the meals does no longer comprise ingredients which might be unclean (or can't be eaten by Muslims)

• Statutory Policies
Is a effect that have to be ordinary if the organization violates the provisions which have been
determined. The consequences acquired are pursued by using legal means.

• Non Statutory Policies

Non Statutory Policies is a policy anticipated by means of businesses to get an awesome recognition so
there may be no regulation due to the fact it isn't always strong. For example, Guarantees, policies
provided with the aid of businesses for the goods they sell, so there may be nonetheless a sale value.

• Directors are a person chosen or appointed by shareholders to be accountable for the employer.
Directors are liable for control, making the department in charge so that the work is not blended and
overlapping and making regulations.

• Managers are those who are accountable in greater unique departments or teams. Managers have the
duty to make certain that the regulations that have been made can be understood and implemented by
employees; prepare information and reports to be evaluated.

Business Meeting
In a business meeting there are 3 main things, particularly problems, suggestions, and solutions.
Business Meeting is split into :

• Formal meeting
A formal meeting can have the chief or shareholders, managers or employees, agenda (date of time,
topics, place) and Minute of Meeting (documentation throughout the meeting)

• Informal meeting
It is a meeting among managers and bosses or one level.
The Impact on Employees if they don't follow commercial enterprise regulations

• Sanctions
• Disciplinary action
• Termination of their employment
Chapter 12

Personal Skills and Performances

is to provide motivation and appreciation in order that employee overall performance improves. This
technique may be executed by means of providing schooling to personnel:

• On The Job Training is training inside the organisation.

Example:

• Induction Training: introduction to new employees

• Initial Training: schooling to introduce the necessities in the corporation

Job Rotation:

• Work shadow: make observations with out doing lots interaction (most effective staring at with out
taking more action)
• Mentoring: given schooling or teaching with out practicing
• Coaching: practice and be discovered through the coach.
Different types of Pay system
• Basic Pay
• Overtime
• Piece-Rate-Pay
• Performance Bonuses
Personal overall performance targets

• Workplace talents: capabilities that can be obtained at work, associated with the work
• Personal qualities: soft competencies or capabilities which are owned privately (friendly, polite, on
time)
• Qualifications: positive qualifications that need to be held to gain positive jobs to fulfill their needs. For
example, should pass S1 PR, have to have a Jakarta identification card, etc