Environmental Affairs Se Sern A How much do you know about wind? Do the quiz and find out. 1 How many homes can wind energy 3 What was wind used for in power in the United States? the past? 2 45 milion a togetto places b 5 milion b tohave fun at the beach © 54milion € to sall boats for sport ‘At what speed did the fastest When did Hurricane Katrina tomado spin? hit New Orleans, USA? a 484 km/h a 2003 b 249 km/h b 2005 © 177 km/h © 2007 B Read the text quickly to check your answers. leper enn sai andanes Bee aoron ccocee (nt en ac meni anit pars leon tens on teneorie surface of the water when the sail catches the wind. Srppoting you wanted to fy okt, you would got ‘nen Dicer coc People hve ued wind in dferen ways for thousand of youn, but whet swind? 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Eechroweristlersheneewentystory buling and ‘apa! ith tl isdn hate a gearcnar Sh poi i \ siecociy Wind energy nthe Unt Sates senough 12 Ward Fosuis wv ct au A elo Vanes essa a ona Bh ee OCT a a fe er mata lave hat hymn ned ere Serr or lh srs acetyl be gen Ca f Wind isn't aay fun and helpful It can ala be etn seastoar rane tealeg grafic dust ast anyone who hes soon a atnada A tomedo a feroencilan soon ck ne Soriedcloeeet ginstn ah Mosel aaome asia!CC Read the Exam Close-up. Then underline the key words in the missing sentences in the Exam Task below. Identifying linking words in a text D_ Now complete the Exam Task. Remember to look Linlang wert [ain partvefa text agethes: for linking words in the missing sentences and words | They can help you to work out where to place the ‘that connect to them in the surrounding text. missing sentences. + Find! the language in the missing sentences that refers back to the text and links them to the Six sentences have been removed from the article, Choose sentences that come before or after the gap. from the sentences A ~G the one which ts each gap (1-6). |» The linking words are often articles (the), ‘There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ppronouns (ther, those, ete), time clauses (as A. This type of wind is shortlved, but deadly footas afar pepo wis exieare eect + Finally, find what the linking words refer to in the text, and place the missing sentences in the The winds uproot wees and Blow oway ene bung. the se ae placate ming ; D_ Because of this, aris always rushing between water and land. E Weather scientists followed one in a truck in order to ‘examine how it moved. F Before engines, trade ships made use of these winds ‘to carry goods around the globe, which is why they are known as trade winds. G Ifyou wanted to go sailing, you wouldn't got far without a good breeze. B They form over tropical oceans when warm moist air rises and more air moves in underneath, E_ Find the meaning of the words in the article. Then use the words to complete the sentences below. 1. The people abandoned their homes as the _____ approached the town. 2 Ifyou look through the telescope, you can see the of the Moon, 3. When we got to the top of the hil, lovely cooled us down. moves faster than wind at ground level, the arin between creates a spinning tube. I the air rising inside a thunderstorm moves this tube upright, then a tomado is formed. 4 Although most 4 Just look at those dark 3 think i’s going ‘tornadoes last only a few minutes, they can do {0 start raining, alot of damage. They can lift cars, houses and 5 During the _thelocsl pomeftcawex anything else in their path and throw it hundreds struck by lightning, lof metres away. The fastest tornado ever recorded reached speeds of 484 kilometres an hour © hewn tiles the:__—_—-stshe boetanis ‘cruised around the Aegean. 7 Wehave a weekend home on the because we love water sports. 8 She hated the ugly urban __ of her town and dreamed of leaving. If tomadoes are frightening, hurricanes are even worse. |5 As this air rises too, big wet clouds start to gather. Over a few days, the Earth's rotation causes the growing mass of clouds to spin. If winds reach 119 kilometres per hour, the storm is known as a hurricane Sometimes the strongest hurricanes reach speeds of over 249 kilometres an hour. If hurricanes hit land, they often do extreme damage. 6| | Huge waves cause floods on the coasts. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, Louisiana forcing residents onto roofs as water flooded the city, and resulting in major loss off. From gentle breezes to strong gust, wind is everywhere, Without it the landscape would be diferent, peaple would not have reached ‘ew continents and sports lke windsurfing wouldn't exist. There are 5 ‘many ways in which wind changes our word © Ideas FOCUS | + whatkind of extreme weather conditions does your country suffer from? * How important ist to learn about environmental issues at school?Conditionals: Zero, First, Second & Third A Look at these conditional sentences and B Now match each sentence 1-4 with the the type underline the tenses used. of conditional expressed (ad). 1. If we all drove electric cars, there would be Which sentonco expresses: less pollution a a general truth? This is the zero conditional. [-] 2. Hyouheat water to 100°C, it boils bb something that is likely to happen in the present or 3. Ifthe Chernobyl reactor hadn't exploded, _ inthe future? This is the first conditional. Oo thousands of people wouldn't have become 50 il. ‘¢ something that is unlikely to happen in the present 4 If we cut down more forests, we vill destroy more for inthe future? Ths isthe second conditional.) natural habitats. d_ a hypothetical event or situation in the past? This is ‘the third conditional. [SSE CEE C Circle the correct answers. 1. Ifthe species didn't adapt / hadn't adapted to life on Earth, it wouldn't have survived. 2. Ifyou buy / bought recycled paper, you will save trees. 3. There will be more floods if rainfall increased / increases suddenly. 4 If we consumed fewer fossil fuels, we could lead / would have led healthier lives. 5 Don't you know that when water freezes / froze it turns into ice? 6 I'm sure | would be happier lived / had lived in the countryside 7. They couldn't have survived ifthey had stayed / would have stayed in the desert. 8 Hf we reduce greenhouse gas emissions, we would improve / will Improve the sir quality in cities. D Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Why did we stay at a fancy hotel? We ___ (help) the environment if we ——— (book into) an eco-hotel 2. Wow! This isa great hybrid car—|_——__ (buy) tif) (have) the money, but | can't afford it 3. Youneed to leam that ifyou___ (recycle) glass, paper and aluminium, you save} ener 4. What do they teach you at school? Don’t you know that ifa flame __(come) into contact with natural gas, it_____________ (cause an explosion! 5 There's nothing to do indoors; we __(go out) the weather — (not be) so hot and humid. 6 What_____________thappen) to our way of fe when all the fossil fuels (run out)? E Rewrite each sentence without changing the meaning, 11 We dich’t see the sign and we entered the restricted area We wouldn't 2. Can you lend me your ear? can return it on Tuesday. PSU 3. lan wants to invent a new form of fuel and become a bilionaire! lan would ' 4. Sam can't eat shelifsh because he gets @ nasty rash, When 5 Why doesn't the mayor do mere to reduce traffic in the city centre? IfLwere the mayor