FORMULAE FOR GENERAL Yi: LIC CALCULSTIONS CYLINDERS — AREA CALCULATIONS ¥ 4 (i) BORE AREA Al = W,d? (ii) ROD AREA A2 = wW/,.d,? (ii) ANNULUS AREA A3 = (Ai -—A2) BORE AREA Ai (iv) REGENERATION FACTOR K = cwrssss-ecrerer2 woes . ROD AREA A2 d = om A = cm? no o= 3.14 FLOW CALCULATIONS (i) Flow regd.(Q) to move an actuator (area = A cm”) at a given speed (V cm/min.) AxV Q(pm) = 1000 (ii) Flow reqd. (Q) to drive a hydraulic motor of given displacement (D cc/rev.) at a particular speed (N rpm) DxN Q(Ipm) =PRESSURE CALCULATIONS. (i) Pressure reqd. (P) to move a load (F.kgf) with a cylinder (area A cm?) (kg./cm?) (ii) Pressure reqd. (P) to generate a torque (T kgcm) with a motor of given specific torque (L kg.cmv/bar) T P= = (kg./em?) L PUMP CALCULATIONS DISP.(cc/rev) x DRIVE SPEED (RPM) x Vol.eff. () FLOW FROM PUMP= (LPM) 1000 Vol. Eff. = 96% (typically) Q(LPM) x P (kg/cm?) (i) POWER REQD. TODRIVE= ---. 7 A PUMP (KW) 612 x Ov. Eff Ov. Eff. = 80% (typically) TORQUE CALCULATIONS 9550 x KW RPM (i) MECHANICAL TORQUE T (N.m.) KW Power in Kilowatts " (i) HYDRAULIC TORQUE T (N.m) D — — Motor displ. in cc/rev. AP - — Pr. drop across motor in kg/cm? mn - 3.14VELOCITY Velocity of fluid in pipes 21.22 x LPM V (msec.) fr Rann enemmnnn pb D = WDofpipe inmm. FLOW THROUGH AN ORIFICE Q = C,xAx C, = Orifice discharge coeff. I = Fluid density ACCUMULATOR CALCULATIONS (i) Isothermal Compression PV, = PV, (ii) Adiabatic Expansion id Max. system pressure PS = RMS P, - Min. system pressure P, - 90% of P, (precharge press V3.VaV,- Corr. volumes no = 1.410. HEAT RADIATION Heat radiating capacity of a steel reservoir A (area in sq.mts.) x AT (Temp. diff°C) KW = --- BETA RATIO Th Beta ratio of a filter during steady state flow test is : y No. of particle upsteam >X No. of particle downstream > X