PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

BASICS OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

LABORATORY

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A DC SHUNT AND

COMPOUND MOTOR

REPORT BY:

AARIF S M………………................17M201

AKHIL H S …………………………17M202

ARAVINTHAN BALA S…………..17M203

ARUN S…………………………..... 17M204

 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A DC
SHUNT MOTOR AND A COMPOUND MOTOR
AIM:

To study the mechanical characteristics of a DC shunt motor and

compound motor by plotting speed- torque quantities by using load test.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

 230 V DC supply

 Variable rheostat-330 Ω / 1.3 A

 DC ammeter-0-30 A

 Dc voltmeter-0-300 V

 Tachometer

FORMULA:

 Input power(Dl)= VL*IL/1000 KW


 Torque= (s1~s2)* R*9.81 N-m

 Output power = 2πNT/60000 KW

 Percentage efficiency=output/input *100 %

Where, VL=voltage in volts, IL=current in amperes, R-radius of the brake

drum

S1, S2=spring balance readings, R-radius of the brake drum, N-speed in rpm,T-
torque in N-m

PROCEDURE:

Shunt Motor :
 The connections are given as per circuit diagram.(SPST Switch Closed)

  The spring balance dial are adjusted to show zero and connect the drum
to the belt.

 The power source is turned on and the speed of the motor is kept
constant (1460 rpm).

 The load is increased from the No load condition to full load of
rated capacity (22.7A).

 Observe voltage, current, speed, spring balance readings.

 Using above observation, calculate the torque of the machine at
different load conditions.

 Plot the mechanical characteristics using Speed - Torque readings.
Compound Motor:
 The connections are given as per circuit diagram (SPST Switch Open )

 Cumulative compound (connect A-Y & YY-A) ,differential
compound (connect A-YY & Y-A)

 The spring balance dial are adjusted to show zero and connect the drum
to the belt.

 The power source is turned on and the speed of the motor is kept
constant (1460 rpm).

 The load is increased from the No load condition to full load of rated
capacity (16A).

 Observe voltage, current, speed, spring balance readings.

 Using above observation, calculate the torque of the machine at
different load conditions.

 Plot the mechanical characteristics using Speed - Torque readings.








DC SHUNT MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS:

I V S1 S2 S TORQUE SPEED POWER

2 218 0 0 0 0 1440 0
5 212 1 6 5 6.322545 1386 0.917199
6 212 1 5.5 4.5 5.690291 1397 0.83203
8 210 3 9 6 7.587054 1368 1.086345
10 206 4 12.5 8.5 10.74833 1345 1.513114
12 204 5 16 11 13.9096 1325 1.92903
14 202 7 19.9 12.9 16.31217 1305 2.228079
16 200 7.5 21 13.5 17.07087 1285 2.295975
18 196 8 23.5 15.5 19.59989 1270 2.605348
20 192 7.5 26 18.5 23.39342 1260 3.085124
22 190 9 29 20 25.29018 1240 3.282328





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




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
CHARACTERISTISC OF DC CUMMULATIVE MOTOR:

I V S1 S2 S TORQUE SPEED POWER

2 214 0 0 0 0 1440 0
5 214 1.25 3 1.75 2.212891 1395 0.323104
6 212 2 6 4 5.058036 1365 0.722642
8 209 3 10.5 7.5 9.483818 1320 1.310284
10 206 4 13.5 9.5 12.01284 1280 1.6094
12 204 5 16.5 11.5 14.54185 1250 1.902559
14 202 6 19 13 16.43862 1220 2.099102
16 200 7 23.5 16.5 20.8644 1180 2.576892
18 197 9 26.5 17.5 22.12891 1125 2.605679
20 195 10 29 19 24.02567 1110 2.791302
22 192 10.5 33 22.5 28.45145 1080 3.216152
CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENTIAL DC MOTOR:

I V S1 S2 S TORQUE SPEED POWER

2 216 0 0 0 0 1440 0

5 214 1.5 3 1.5 1.896764 1448 0.287468

6 212 2 6 4 5.058036 1460 0.772935

8 210 3.5 9 5.5 6.9548 1465 1.066426

10 208 4 11.5 7.5 9.483818 1492 1.481018

RESULT:

Thus mechanical characteristics of DC shunt motor and different types of

compound motor (cumulative and differential) are studied and they are
plotted.
PRE LAB QUESTIONS:

1) What is Shunt Motor? What is Compound Motor?

Shunt Motor: It is a direct current motor whose two windings are in parallel with
the same voltage across each. In a shunt motor the field is connected in parallel to
armature windings.

Compound Motor: They have a field connected in series with armature and
separately excites shunt filed. The series field provide better field and regulation.

2) Why should the field rheostat be kept in the position of minimum resistance?

If we do not place fixed rheostat in minimum position during starting cause no

current flow through armature coil due to loss of back emf at starting.This leads to
damage of the coil.

3) How can the direction of rotation of DC shunt motor be reversed?

The direction of DC shunt motor can be reversed by interchanging load of either

the field winding or armature winding.

4) What are mechanical and electrical characteristics of DC shunt motor?

Electrical characteristics: These include Torque vs Armature current ,Voltage vs
Armature current

Mechanical characteristics:These include speed vs torque,load vs efficiency

current.
5)What is the loading arrangement in an DC motor?

The loading arrangement in DC motor is motor with belt,in which load is applied
by tightening the belt.