1.38 MATHEMATICS-XI emilee bay nen £28 of 10,000 fami ae buy newspaper Band Teena it was found that 40% families buy newspaper A, 20% Aon, a and C. 1f2% families buy all ay neoraper C. 5% families buy A and B, 3% buy Band C conan o only (iii) none of A, Band C. 1e thre news papers, find the number of families which buy ON’ Let P, Q and , respectively Let Ube the ae censte i) sets of families buying newspaper A, B and C = 40% of 10,000 = 4000, = ar PQ) = 5% of 10,000 = Roe 20% of 10,000 = 2000, 18) = 10% of 10080 = HD, n(P AQAR)= 2% of 10,000 = AVR) =3% of 10,000 = 300, (R 9 P) =4% of 10,000 = 400 Raa ae ae = eee CLD = 1000 (P.AQ' OR’) =n(P VQURY) n(P)-n[P A(QUR)] n(P) —n[(P AQ) U(P AR)] PIP oQhenPak) ng? OMA ON) n(P) -[n(P AQ) +n(P OR) -n(PAQOR)I 4000 — (600 + 400 - 200) = 3300 n(P/AQ AR) =nQaP'OR)= (QAP Ry) n(Q)-n(Q.0(P UR)) [ee n(A BY) =A) (AO BL nQ)-n{(QOP)VO@NR)] n(Q)-[0(Q.rP) #m(QAR)-HQOPI AO ORM n(Q) -[1(P 9Q) #2(QAR)-2(POQOR)I = : = 2000 - (600 + 300 - 200) = 1400 (iii) Required number = n(P' VQ’ OR’) =n[(PUQURY] = n(U) -n(P UQUR) = n(U) ~[a(P) + m(Q) + n(R) -n(P OQ) —n(QAR)-n(R AP) +m(P QO = (10000 —[4000 + 2000 + 1000 ~500 - 300 - 400 + 200] = 4000: EXAMPLE15 A college awarded 38 medals in Football, 15in Basketball and 20'o Cricket. Ifthese medals sont toa total of 58 men and only three men got medals in all the three spor'sy how many received medals in exactly two of the three sports ? SOLUTION Let F denote the set of men who received medals in Football, B the set of men who sexeived medals in Basketball and C the set of men ‘who received medals in Cricket. It is given 8 that n(F) = 38,7 (B) a5, n(C) =20, 2 (F UBUC) =88 and n(F ABOC) =3- Now, nF BUC =H{F) +m(B)4(C)—ME NB MBO MEN NE ABC) 59 = 38+15+20-n(F 7B) —n(BAC)-n(EOC) +3 n(E OB) 4n(Bc)+n(FAO) =76 -58 = 18 ‘men who received medals in exactly two of the three sports on (EAB) +n (BOC) +0 F AC)-3n(FOBOC)= 18-3x3=9 Thus, 9 men received medals in exactly two of the three sports. it ther MPLE16 In a survey of 25 students, it was found that 15 had taken ‘Mail isis and 11 had taken Chemistry, 5 had taken ‘Mathematics and Chemistry, Ohad taken ‘and Physics, 4had taken Physics and Chemistry and 3 had taken all the three subjects. Find the mu jents that had Y a (i) only Chemistry. (i) only Mathematics. (iii) only Physics. (iv) Physies and Chem (v) Mathematics an (vi) only one of the subjects. (viii). nome of the subjects. (A.B!) =m(A) — (A. BD) (ii) Required number wuud => => Number of. matics, 12 had taken ‘Mathematics miber of istry but not Mathematics 1d Physics but not Chemistry. ; a (ii) at east ome of the three subjects139 ss who had taken Mathers dents who had taken Chemisoy SL, (Mf AC =S, BOOP SETS M denote the set of studer: cs and C the set of sto 15, n(P) =12, 1(C) SOLUTION Let. who had taken Phy and, n(MOPnc)=3 2 “ho hed opted Chemistry O-F (i) Number of students wl : = nM MP'AC) = MIM PLO) = n(C)-n((MUP) oc) = n(C)-n(M nO) VP OO) = aE EN -eM OP Agi= 11-6* (ii) The number of students who had opted ‘Mathematics only =n(MaPinc’) = n(Ma(P OC) = n(M)-n(Mn(P UO) = n(M)-n (QM OP) MOO) = n(M)-in(MoPyen(t nc)-nMMOP ngOh= (ii) The number of students who had opted Pays only n(PAM' aC’) n(P (My) n(P)-n(P 0(M VC) n(P)-n((POM) (P90) n(P)-{n(P OM) +n(P 00) 0 (P (iv) Required number of students = (PAC OM) = n(PAO-n(P OC OM) (AB )an(A) AAO pe aA) 2A al -(9=3-3=4 nQ}= 2-@- =4-3-1 (v) Required number of students = (MOP OC) 204 AP)-n(MaP ng = 9-3 =6 (vi) Required number of students (a) +0(P) +n(C)-2n(M rP)+A(P OC) =A OC) = BAM PAO} 5412 411-2(9+4+5)+ 3x3 = 38-3679 = 11 (vii) Required number of students = (MUP LC) = n(M) +n(P) +n (C) —2(M AP) —n(P OC) AM OC) +2 MN Pag = 15+12+11-9-4-3+3 = 23 (viii) Required number of students = n(M' A P'OC’) =n(MUPucy = n(l)-n(M UP UC) = 25-23 jagramn shown in Fig. 1.13. Let,b, c,d, ¢, f, ¢ denote the number ‘ALITER Consider the Venn of students in the respective regions. From the Venn-daigram, we have n(M) =at+b+d+e, fi n(MamP) = b+e (LN n(P AC) = e+f n(MnC)= d+e and, n(MAPAc)=e Itis given that n(M AP aC)=3 = e=3 n(MaP) = 9 = b+e=9= b+3=9 >b=6