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India Test House

45/7 , Village Prahalad Pur Bangar , Near Kali Mata Mandir , Rohini Sec - 30 , New Delhi - 110042

SAMPLE: Steels for Piston Pins


MEASURAN Chromium
TEST METHIS 228 (Part 6): 1987 (RA 2018)

Sources of Uncertainty:
TYPE: A By Human error(Repeatability)
TYPE: B Subsidiary factors as sources of uncertainty

Standard Uncertainty= Std.Deviation/√No.of Observation

TYPE :A
Abbreviation:W = Weight of Sample
V1= Vol. in ml of Std. FAS Sol. added
N1 = Normality of Std. FAS
V2 = Vol. in of Std. KMnO4 Sol.
N2 = Normality of Std. KMnO4
Calculation , (V1*N1-V2*N2)*1.734/W

Normal Volume Results


Volum
Normalit ity of
weight of e of of Chromiu Actual- sq (Mean-
Sr.No. y of Std. Std.
sample FAS KMnO4 m As Cr Mean Actual)
FAS (N1) (V1) KMnO4 (V2)
in %
(N2)
1 1.0243 0.03 25 0.03 16.2 0.4469 0.0117 0.0001364
2 1.0008 0.03 25 0.03 16 0.4678 -0.0092 0.0000849
3 1.0037 0.03 25 0.03 15.9 0.4716 -0.0130 0.0001701
4 1.0245 0.03 25 0.03 15.8 0.4671 -0.0085 0.0000730
5 1.0345 0.03 25 0.03 16.3 0.4375 0.0211 0.0004457
6 1.0052 0.03 25 0.03 16.1 0.4606 -0.0020 0.0000040
1.0155 25 16.1 0.4586 0.0009141
Standard Dev. = Square Root ((Sum)/(n- 0.0135
TYPE:B

std.Unc
No.of ertaint
Human errorStd dev Values(x) Ob./CF y or Ux R(Ux)=Ux/x
0.4469 0.0135 1.016 2.449 0.0055 0.0054
0.4678 Balance(U1B) 1.0155 2 0.0003 0.0001
0.4716 Oven(U2B) 105 2 1.1 0.0052
0.4671 Pippet(U3B) 25 2 0.12 0.0024
0.4375 Burette(U4B) 9.0 2 0.0600 0.0034
0.4606
Env. Condition(U3B) 27 2 0.8000 0.0148
0.4586 R(Uc) 0.0171
Uc(y) combined 0.0079

Expanded Uncertainty(U) =
Combined Uncertainty*Coverage Factor0.01571
Coverage Factor =2 at 95% confidence level
Total Uncertainty for result= 0.46 ± 0.016
3.4263

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