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Sources of Uncertainty:
TYPE: A By Human error(Repeatability)
TYPE: B Subsidiary factors as sources of uncertainty
TYPE :A
Abbreviation:W = Weight of Sample
V1= Vol. in ml of Std. FAS Sol. added
N1 = Normality of Std. FAS
V2 = Vol. in of Std. KMnO4 Sol.
N2 = Normality of Std. KMnO4
Calculation , (V1*N1-V2*N2)*1.734/W
std.Unc
No.of ertaint
Human errorStd dev Values(x) Ob./CF y or Ux R(Ux)=Ux/x
0.4469 0.0135 1.016 2.449 0.0055 0.0054
0.4678 Balance(U1B) 1.0155 2 0.0003 0.0001
0.4716 Oven(U2B) 105 2 1.1 0.0052
0.4671 Pippet(U3B) 25 2 0.12 0.0024
0.4375 Burette(U4B) 9.0 2 0.0600 0.0034
0.4606
Env. Condition(U3B) 27 2 0.8000 0.0148
0.4586 R(Uc) 0.0171
Uc(y) combined 0.0079
Expanded Uncertainty(U) =
Combined Uncertainty*Coverage Factor0.01571
Coverage Factor =2 at 95% confidence level
Total Uncertainty for result= 0.46 ± 0.016
3.4263
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