‘1 Give an example which 3 a Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Explain what this means. __b Ifsound waves are longitudinal, why are transverse |-down) ‘waves’ seen on the screen of the above when someone whistles into the if they strike a hard‘Assume that the speed of sound in air is 330 mis 41 a Why do you hear lightning after you see it? lightning strikes, and you hear it 4 seconds after see it, how far away is it? 2 und travel faster through fair or warm air? a solid or a gas? 3 ind waves change direction because their es, what is this effect called? 4 A ship is 220 metres from a large cliff when it sounds its foghorn. ‘When the echo is heard on the ship, how far has the sound travelled? ‘What time delay is there before the echo is heard? The ship changes its distance from the cliff. When ‘the echo time is 0.5 seconds, how far is the ship from the cliff?0 ‘Assume that the speed of sound in air is 330 mis 3. Asound is picked up by a microphone and displayed as 4 Here are the frequencies of four sounds: ‘a waveform on an oscilloscope. How would the A:400 Hz B: 150H2z C:500Hz D: 200Hz waveform change if {a Which sound has the highest pitch? a the sound had a higher pitch? ‘b* Which two sounds are one octave apart? bb the sound was louder? | ¢ Which sound has the longest wavelength? 4 The lower limit of human hearing is 20 Hz; the upper does a piano not sound quite like a guitar, limit is 20 000 Hz. if both play the same note? ‘a What is the upper limit in kHz? 'b What is the wavelength at the lower limit? ___€ What is the wavelength at the upper limit?