a R rest cove 02244010 FORM TP 2017305 MAY/JUNE 2017 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL : CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY, EXAMINATION® SOCIOLOGY UNIT 2 ~ Paper 01 I hour 30 minutes 10 MAY 2017 (p.m.) READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. “This test consists of 45 items. You will have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer them. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an.answer sheet. Do not be concerned thet the answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are items in this test. (B), (C), (D). Read each item Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), ( you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. responds to-your item and shade the space ple item below. On your answer sheet, find the number which co having the seme letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sem Sample Item ‘What is the MOST common method used by governments to collect population data? (A) Census (B) Statistics (C)__ Interview (D) Observation 4 “The best’answer to this item is “Census”, so (A) has been shaded. Ifyou want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice, When you ave told to begin, tum the page and work as quickly and as carefully a5 ¥00 can. Ifyou cannot answer an item, go on tothe next ene. You may’ return fo thet item later. You may do any rough work in this booklet, ‘You may use silent, non-programmable calculators to answer items. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO-DO so. em onié Caribbean Examinations Council1. Whick of the following statements is true Item 4 ‘of a population census? shows are use refers to the table’ below which the development indicators that cd to describe trends and evaluate TAY Its conducted every five years. progress in various countries. (B) The data are collected atthe end of the year (©) Only a random sample of the Variable Indicator population is counted, “D) Its expected to account for every 50n or household. Social 2. Which of the following statements BEST ce reflects the global population distribution? Education | Adult Literacy Rate service |X Persons living with HIV/AIDS (A) Most people live in SouthAmerica. 4. Inthe tat ble above, X represents the number (B) Most people live in developed of persons nations. 4}. The world’s population is unevenly (A), who are victims of crime distributed. (B) without access to safe water (D) Europe has @ large proportion of (©), without academic qualifications the world’s population (D) who have access to essential drugs 3. The dependency ratio is an important measure of @ country’s socal and economic development. Which of the following ratios wall indicate the highest level of development? Ay 35: 100 (B) 46: 100 (©). 75: 100 (D) 108: 100Item § refers to the diagram below. ep 52801 | Stage? Stage3 50. Birth Rate 40, 30 20 10. Number per 1000 per year Time “According to the Demographic Transition theory, @) By ( @) BoWe Which of the following socioeconomic statistics is MOST likely to be associated ~ swith Caribbean states? (A) High ratio of maternal births to deaths (B) _ Intensive and extensive use of technology 4} High levels of outward migration (D) High growth rate of population under age five Modernization theory is’MAINLY associated with . (A) Functionalism (B) _Interaetionism 40) Social action (D) Marxism “the stage of industrialization® begins at Stage ‘The sociological definition of ‘urbanization’ is (A) _anvincreased number of persons employed in agriculture (B) __ the movement of people from one ‘place to another -{C) migration of persons from rural to urban areas : (D) __ the growth of suburbs Which of the following is a commonly used indicator of industrialization? (A) Unemployment 4B} Migration pattern +@}- Manufacturing output (D) Rural underdevelopment GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGF.10. 13, -4- Social developiment isa critica} concern for - 11. Which of the following theories drew everyone as it attention to the economic challenges of Third World countries? 1. forms the foundation for sustainable development : (A) Modernization UL, is erucial to improve the quality of (B) Globalization life forall 4C) Dependency I, is crucial in the fight to eradicate (D) _NewRight poverty (A) land I only 12. Which ofthe following is NOT associated (B) Land Ill only with unplanned urbanization? (C) Mand Ill only 48) Mand lit (A) Status’ and prestige attached to urban living (B) Employment and income AC Development strategies (D) Education Items 13-14 refer to.the pie chart below 14. The MOST pressing problems the which shows the population distribution government of Country X is likely o face of Country X, : inten years are |. the provision of adequate health care I. the sourcing of revenue for the payment of pensions UL. expanding opportunities for 51 and 70 years _ (A) Land 1 only betes (B) Land I only lei (C) Mand Vonly Pr Mand +18. Which of the following countries MOST The population distributiori of Country X is MOST representative of a country like (A) Norway | (B) Uganda (C) Canada “8 Ania likely reflects the periphery in Gunder Frank’s dependency theory? A Jamaica B) England (C) Germany (D) USA16 17. 18. Deviant behaviour - . (A) __ is always considered @ crime and therefore punishable by lew ~¢By~ _refersto any action thet violates the norms of society : (©) __ is not relative to a society but universal (D) __ is never functional to society defined as Primary devianc (A): early acts of deviance that affect a ‘small portion of society (B) deviant acts that go through various ‘processes that eventually make them criminal acts in society (©) deviantacts that are not tolerated by society and corhmitted by a few individuals within their lifetime deviant acts that are, usually tolerated by society and committed by most individuals within their lifetime ‘According to Merton's typology of deviance, an individual who accepts the culturally validated goals but figs deviant ways of achieving them is known as (A) aritualist (B) — aretreatist (C) a pessimist +0). an innovator 19. 20. ‘The family acts as an agent of social control forall its members. Which of the following is the LEAST likely example of social control within the family? 4a) Boys are encouraged to pursue language courses in school. (B) Girls are monitored more closely than boys. (©) Domestic activities keep women occupied, (D) Menare the sole breadwinners. Marxists hold the viewpoint that the capitalist structures and institutions of society generate crime. Which of the following statements suggests. thet this is TRUE? (A) __ All Haitian citizens are subject to the same laws and controls. (8) The majority of Bahamian citizens live above the poverty line. 4). In Jamaica there is one lew for the rich and another for the poor. (D)__ The Caribbean Court of Justice ensures that justice is served to regional citizens. AA ON TO THE NEXT PAGE3 21. 22. 23. oe Which of the following statements support the conflict theory on crime? 1 Crime reduces surplus labour by creating employment for criminals and law officers.” Ul. By defining people as criminals, ‘the ruling class has more control over the working class III, The offensive nature of rime tends to create a stronger bond among people in society. IV.” Crime is created by those in the society whose interests it serves, 44) Mand IV only (B) I, Mend IV only (C) Il, Wand IV only (D) 11, Wand Vv Which of the following is NOT an institution of internal social control? (A) Bducetion (B) The family (©) The community -@D}_ The legal and political system Which ofthe following statements is related to sanctions? (A) They undermine conformity. (B) They have litle symbolic meaning. They serve to regulate an individual’s behaviour, (D) They have no effect on a person's self-esteem and sense of identity, 24, 25. 26. 27. Nicholas lives in a community, labelled + a high crime area, where he is able to Jearn criminal techniques. Which of the following theorists claim that such behaviour is learned from criminals in the community? tH Sutherland and Cloward & Ohtin (B) Becker and Les & Young (©) Cohen and Merton (PD) Mare and Lemert Cloward and Ohlin maintain that three subcultures may arise as a result of differential access to illegitimate and legitimate opportunities. Which of the followitig is NOT one ofthese subcultures? 4) Lower class subculture (B) _ Retreatist.subculture (C) Criminal subculture (D) Conflict subculture Which of the following statements is associated with the Marxist theory of crime? “TAY Most laws concern the protection of private property, @) Criminal behaviour is linked to personality and intelligence. (©) Some crime is necessary for the survival of the social system. (D) Delinquent subcultures emerge when juveniles band together to form gangs. Religion may help to achieve social control because it (A)_ discourages conformity draws people together (C)__ promotes spicinality (D) encourages deviance28. 29. 30. Inaneffortto reduce crime, the community police took to foot patrol, ensured that buildings were secured, overgrown gress was cut, street lighting was restored and Grug addicts and vagrants were removed from the streets. Their efforts refiect the policy related to (A) zero tolerance (B) crime mapping (©) __ field operations 4D) — neighbourhood watch ‘Most criminologists emphasize that in order to prevent crime the (A) tights of criminals should be considered (B) _vietim should determitie the form of punishment (©) punishment must not occur too quickly after the erime 4) severity of punishment must be equivalent to the crime White collar and corporate crimes pose ‘a serious social problem to Caribbean nations, yet, often remain unnoticed. Why are these types of crimes so difficult to detect? ‘These tend to be intermingled with legitimate behaviour. ‘These tend to be made up of simple, 31. . Which of the following is NOT'a type of poverty? (A) Cyclical (B) Relative (©) Seasonal . 4B} Objective “Absolute poverty’ refers to a situation where the poor 32. (A) remain permanently in need (B) _areunable to obtain food necessary for survival (©) make social comparisons between themselves and others _4py- are unable to obtain food and non-food items necessary for * survival _ 33. Which of the following factors does NOT @) small-scale actions. (©) Perpetrators are not high profile individuals in society. : (D) __Porpetrators are usually first-time offenders. contribute to the maintenance of the cycle of poverty? (A). Lack of a proper education pec ‘Increased sporting facilities (©) Insufficient employment opportunities (D) _ Insufficient care and attention by: parents 34. Climate change refers to unusual weather conditions in a “a particular’ country oF region (B) _& period of rapid increase in the average wemperature ofa region (©) a change from rainy weather to sunny weather. in a particular country 42} achange in the long-term weather conditions for a particular country or region GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGECategories of the oor ‘People with special needs, 35. In the diagram above, X may be represented by the (A) nuclear family (B) extended family 4} single-parent family (D) reconstructed family . 36. Marxist ideology regarding poverty states 38. . Which of the following statements is that oe MOST likely to be the view of a Marxist theorist? (A) __ poverty persists because it is beneficial to certain poor and (A) The state does much to eliminate affluent groups in society poverty. +B) poverty results from the state’s (B) —Aculture of poverty ‘encourages’ inability to allocate resources poverty. equitably (©) Poverty is the result of individual (©) the poor are concerned only with inadequacy, immediate gratification ADT The state must’ redistribute (D) the poor are dependent on the resources from the wealthy 10 welfare of the state the poor. 39. Environmental sociology is MAINLY concerned with (A) forecasting natural disasters (B) the effects of climate change on tourism (C) economic consequences of natural disasters BY social causes and consequences of environmental problemsoe em 39 refers to the following diagram . 42. ‘which shows some of the effects of poverty. — x { 39. 40. 4. [Reduced educational |<—| opportunities Poverty | Domestic violence ‘Teenage || pregnancy} 43. Inthe diagram above, X can be represented by 44. (A), proper nutrition (B) ~ financial stabitity er melnutrition (D) frequent employment opportunities Which of the following accurately describes employing the use of a poverty line in measuring absolute poverty? (A) ___ tis objective in nature. (B) _ It is subjective in nature. — er Itplaces emphasis on the impact of poverty. It places emphasis on the severity of poverty The concept of the ‘culture of poverty” was = developed by (A) Karl Marx er Oscar Lewis (©) Herbert Gans (D) Arthur Lewis Whigh of the following is NOT included in the feminization of poverty? (a). Low fertility retes (B) High unemployment (©) Wage discrimination (D) Child rearing activities ‘Which perspective posits that governments will do little to alleviate poverty since they ‘will act in favour of the ruling class? TA) Mancism @) Functionalism (C)__Interactionism (D) _ Rational Choice Intervention strategies to reduce poverty and inequity in the Caribbean include 1. Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes I Early childhood development a (ECD) projects I; | Micro-credit and insurance initiatives (A) Land Ionly (B) Land II only (©) Mand Ill only 1, Mand IT GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE10. 45. + Consider the following issues. 1, An increase in goverment expenditure on health care and pensions Il A high demand for social services Ul An increase in the dependency ratio : IV, Tax increases : ‘The issues above are implications of fA} an ageing population (B) high morbidity rate (©) ayouthful population (D) high infant mortality rate END OF TEST If YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.