Nombre Definición Ejemplo

Es una expresión
Monomio: algebraica con 1 3𝑥 2 𝑦 4 𝑎
sólo término.
Es una expresión
Binomio:
algebraica con 2 7𝑥 3 𝑎2 − 7𝑚8
términos.

Es una expresión
Trinomio: algebraica con 3 4𝑥 − 5𝑎3 + 45𝑚10 𝑎𝑥 3
términos.

Es una expresión
Polinomio: algebraica con
varios términos.
(3𝑥^2 𝑚+2𝑎)−(4𝑥^2 𝑚−34𝑎+2)=3𝑥^2 𝑚+2𝑎−4𝑥^2 𝑚+34𝑎−2
=(3𝑥^2 𝑚−4𝑥^2 𝑚)+(2𝑎+34𝑎)−2
=−𝑥^2 𝑚+36𝑎−2

3𝑥 2 𝑚 + 2𝑎 ⋅ 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑐 = 3𝑥 2 𝑚 ⋅ 𝑎 + 3𝑥 2 𝑚 ⋅ 𝑏 − 3𝑥 2 𝑚 ⋅ 𝑐 + 2𝑎 ⋅ 𝑎 + 2𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 − 2𝑎 ⋅ 𝑐
= 3𝑥 2 𝑚𝑎 + 3𝑥 2 𝑚𝑏 − 3𝑥 2 𝑚𝑐 + 2𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑐
a n = a  a  a  a  a  ........ a

25 = 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2
 𝒂𝟎 = 𝟏 50 = 1
𝒂𝟏 = 𝒂 111 = 11
𝟏𝒏 = 𝟏 145 = 1

𝟏 1
𝒂−𝒏 = 𝒂𝒏 3−4 =
34

𝒂𝒏 ⋅ 𝒂𝒎 = 𝒂𝒏+𝒎 32 ⋅ 35 = 32+5 = 37

𝒂⋅𝒃 𝒏
= 𝒂𝒏 ⋅ 𝒃𝒏 155 = 3 ⋅ 5 5
= 35 ⋅ 55

𝒂𝒏 𝒎
= 𝒂𝒏⋅𝒎 83 = 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 2 3
= 23 3
= 29

5
𝒂 𝒏 𝒂𝒏 2 25
𝒃
= 𝒃𝒏 =
3 35
𝒂𝒏 25
= 𝒂𝒏−𝒎 = 25−11 = 2−6
𝒂𝒎 211
 𝒏
𝒂+𝒃 ≠ 𝒂𝒏 + 𝒃𝒏
•
3
 1+1 = 13 + 13 = 1 + 1 = 2

3
✓ 1+1 = 23 = 8
𝒂 − 𝒃 𝒎 ≠ 𝒂𝒎 − 𝒃𝒎
•
3
✓ 2−1 = 13

3
 2−1 = 23 − 13 = 8 − 1 = 7
 𝟐
𝒂±𝒃 = 𝒂𝟐 ± 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐

𝒂 + 𝒃 ⋅ 𝒂 − 𝒃 = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐

𝒙 + 𝒂 ⋅ 𝒙 + 𝒃 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂 + 𝒃 𝒙 + 𝒂𝒃

𝟑
𝒂±𝒃 = 𝒂𝟑 ± 𝟑𝒂𝟐 𝒃 + 𝟑𝒂𝒃𝟐 ± 𝒃𝟑
𝟐
𝒂+𝒃+𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝟐𝒂𝒄 + 𝟐𝒃𝒄

𝒂𝟑 − 𝒃𝟑 = 𝒂 − 𝒃 ⋅ 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐

𝒂𝟑 + 𝒃𝟑 = 𝒂 + 𝒃 ⋅ 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐
 𝑛
𝑎 𝑎

𝑎, 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟 𝒏
𝒂 ↔ 𝒃𝒏 = 𝒂
Potencia Raíz
𝑥𝑛 = 𝑎 ⟺ 𝑛 𝑎 = 𝑥
1
𝑛
𝑎 𝑎𝑛

𝒑
𝒒
: 𝒂𝒑 = 𝒂
𝒒 𝜖ℤ
 𝟏 𝒎 𝒎
𝒏 𝒎 𝒏
𝒂 = 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎
𝒏 𝒏
𝒂 =𝒂
4 4
−2 = −2 = 2
𝒏 𝒂 si n es impar 7
𝒂𝒏 = ቊ −3 7 = −3
𝒂 si n es par

2 2 2
4⋅9= 4⋅ 9
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏 2
𝒂⋅𝒃= 𝒂⋅ 𝒃 36 = 2 ∙ 3
6=6
𝒏
𝒏 𝒂 𝒂
= 𝒏
𝒃 𝒃

𝒏 𝒎 𝒏⋅𝒎
𝒂= 𝒂
𝑎
𝑎
𝑎 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎⋅ 𝑏 𝑎⋅ 𝑏
= ⋅ = 2 =
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏
 2 2 1+ 2
= ⋅ =
1− 2 1− 2 1+ 2
2 1+ 2 2 1+ 2
= =
1− 2 1+ 2 1−2
2 1+ 2
= −2 1 + 2
−1
 𝑥−1
𝑥+1

𝑥−1
 𝑥
5
𝑏3
5
𝑥 ∙ 𝑏2
𝑏
𝑎𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 𝑥 3 + 1 . 𝑎𝑏 + 1 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎 + 1 + 𝑏
= 𝑎 𝑏+1 + 1+𝑏
= 𝑏+1 ⋅ 𝑎+1 .
•

•
1 10𝑎 − 15𝑏

5 𝑎4 − 𝑦 4
2 12𝑐 3 𝑑4 𝑓 2 − 6𝑐 2 𝑑𝑓 2 − 18𝑐 2 𝑑𝑓 3

3 2𝑎𝑐 − 5𝑏𝑑 − 2𝑎 + 2𝑎𝑑 + 5𝑏 − 5𝑏𝑐 6 𝑎4 − 𝑦 8

4 𝑥3 + 8
7 𝑎3 − 𝑐 6
1

4
 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 10 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12
⋅ =
(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3) 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8
𝑥 − 5 ⋅ (𝑥 + 2) 𝑥 + 4 ⋅ 𝑥 + 3
⋅ =
𝑥 + 3 ⋅ (𝑥 − 1) 𝑥 + 4 ⋅ 𝑥 + 2
𝑥 − 5 ⋅ 𝑥 + 2 ⋅ 𝑥 + 4 ⋅ (𝑥 + 3)
=
𝑥+3 ⋅ 𝑥−1 ⋅ 𝑥+4 ⋅ 𝑥+2
𝒙−𝟓
𝒙−𝟏
 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 35 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5
2
: 2
𝑥 + 11𝑥 + 18 𝑥 + 10𝑥 + 9
 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 35 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5
2
: 2 =
𝑥 + 11𝑥 + 18 𝑥 + 10𝑥 + 9
𝑥+7 𝑥−5 𝑥−5 𝑥+1
: =
(𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 + 1)
𝑥+7 𝑥−5 𝑥+9 𝑥+1
⋅ =
(𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥 − 5 𝑥 + 1
𝒙+𝟕
𝒙+𝟐
•
•

•
•