, = ) NUNS . yi oe , ; zc ecm Ca / # Cr aedeget’ ge tae AR a fee We oot oT at oS GR 81 get wer & Sax area aect Ta aotcare & feet ar ere far Tar @1 aren Gt are Saarntt fat ya ty felt & Gamers we Ry ay tl eae often (ora wert 4), GR, Gq TE |e eh, eeaah cer ae aera at nk eT Owen Tar Bl ofa a ad Fae fra afte an qegedt 3 fier 8 wer are & chet Fae we ay 81 fet ae Wee AFT FoR 3 Teal 3 fay oer we wete Sa forat wreapfe 4 ee @ cer oh war % font orn weg TT Te Ws ass she afer (em, sex estfay acta af) ga Yee S me a RT Wa Wee VA or as Var Wad ZI ee ait aart afer wa et A BT UTA ae air arate ST ge St wea 8 Ree AT MET F We wt & a we feet cee ot ara a WH ae TRI a wars fare wees a ort ott! war x & bat xu & weg fier S frend, werftercrh & fend va eget S Ren, ga germ S ene vel we ot he vest ax ast ad ot aT HT A wa we a wet ad fey we HTS we eo oe o od ott uremat & fery arti yprerrarait wea - defray aq chetEasy Sanskrit Self Teacher PRAM Laa- Pa: Writers : Ved Mitra ‘Shiksha-Shastri’ (AaPra: ‘Rerereh) Ritu ChoudharyHPT were aise deers qa & So, amadt verse B ae Sege (rst ) © CRIP (Writers) WT UEP, = 2003 Fery : 250.00 (at wt dara wad) were Ufen : ee: BRAY, aRa-froew (bra) © 2622171 (R) egyPreface It has been felt for a long time to bring out Sanskrit grammar book in English to enable the English medium stu- dents and foreign language learners This book has been an humble attempt to meet this demand This book will enable them to practise Devnagn Script and will make it easier to acquire Sanskrit language At the same time many Sanskrit students studying in various institutions will be able to acquire the knowledge of English by learning Sanskrit grammar Thus the book has two fold advantages More over Sanskrit language is capable of being Com- puterised Its mathematical grammar Is excéllent in itself That is why the intellectuals of foreign countries are being attracted towards it This book will prove a boon for such scholars The author and authoress express their gratefulness to all those writers who and whose books helped them in writing out this book Our heartiest thanks to Shri Rajendra Singhvi of Rajasthani Granthagar, Jodhpur, who took meticulous care in the publica- tion of this work We also express our gratitude to the Bharat Printers and Surya Computers Jodhpur And compliments to whom they helped in this work Ved Mitra and Ritu Choudhary SREEntrance We are very glad that we have meet here Let us discuss and understand the main reason of our meeting, perhaps you might have known the cause that it is Sanskrit language If you think so, we have our co-operation with you Before entering in to the language that is the word ‘Sanskrit’ and also to know about Sanskrit and importance of Sanskrit ete (1) First of all the meaning of the word ~Sanskrit”— Whether other names of languages themselves have their meanings in their words or not but the name of **San- skrit” word has the meaning which ts hidden in it That is like this—cleared, cleaned and free from all grammatical mistakes etc that 1s called “Sanskrit” Ancient cultured saints removing wrongs and errors by framing grammar rules from language concerned prepared pure and holy language that ts used in our life, is called as “Sanskrit language” “Vidwafiso hi Devah” (fferet f& @aT) means supreme and renowned scholers are only called God So as this lan- guage is being used by them, it is said God-language (Devabhasa), God-speach (Devaw4ni) God-talk (Girvana wani) and God-song (Girvangih) this language ts the life of Indians It is improving their future It is giving guidance for goodness and moral qualities It tells and teaches for good behaviour and character It gives us such knowledge that what ts to be done and what Is not to be done. It helps us for our welfare in both the worlds that is in earth and heven8 wre tiega-rri- Pree. (2) Plenty of literature in Sanskrit—The whole ancient In- dian literature exists in Sanskrit language only Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda, Brahmanas, Auranyakas, Upnishadas etc Vaidik literature, Ramayana, Mahabharatha, Epics (Purana) Smrthi-Granthas, Philoso- phy, Religious books, Big-poetries, Poetries, Dramas, Prose-poetries, Song-poetries, Stories, Moral books etc are written in Sanskrit-language only Not only this, books on Grammar, Poetry books, Mathematic books, Astrol- ogy, Auchar Shastras, Auyurveda Shastras (Medicin), Dhanurveda (Archary), Vasthukala Shastras (Enginering), Economics, Poletics, Histories, Prosody-books and Dic- tilonaries have been developing the glory of Sanskrit By the reason endless effort of those ancient saints and sages, Poets and great persons who had spiritual knowl- edge and belonging to ancient culture, number of books and literature seems in Sanskrit-language (3) The greatness of Sanskrit-language—The greatness of Sanskrit-language has been acknowledged not only by Indians, but also gladly by foreingners The most ancient literature of the world is found in this language In this regard—"The Rgveda is to be quoted It is agreed by every body that the “‘Rgveda” ts the first and oldest book in the world The Sanskrit-language ts the only means for real knowledge of ancient culture and civilisation of the world There 1s a high greatness of Sanskrit language that it what Is written in this, that is only read just as—‘aY’ ‘ai’ ‘g’ VA HWS PW Py A ete There ts another big highness of this language, that every letter of this language has its own meaning, for example—the meaning of ‘3’ is God The meaning of ‘a’ is happiness, water and head The meaning of ‘@’ ts sky The meaning of ‘T? is going and understanding The meaning of ‘Si’ is bearing and the meaning of ‘@’ is giving The meaning of the threeEntrance 9 letter of the word “@@” are like this—‘@’= Attraction, ‘@’= giving and ‘&’= keeping in own control and looking after which drowes blood to its own side from body, again it sends that blood to other parts of the body and like this it protects the whole body by doing pure blood, so this ts called “@aa” the word heart There ts a third high greatness of Sanskrit-language that in its words only their meaning exists, just as “@7T”= any thing going in the sky, or a bird or flyit goes like a bird, seems in shape ‘“3@’= The treasury of knowledge, “X14” All are play- Ing in whom, he is God “GT” Means cook who Is cooking food, and ‘“tdX21”= he who stays in him etc The fourth high greatness Is that more over Sanskrit lan- guage 1s capable of being Computerised Its mathematical grammar ts excellent in itself The foundation stone of world culture is available in San- skrit-literature only As and how much vast literature is avail- able in Sanskrit that is knowledge, Science, Arts, Culture, Reli- gion, Philosophy, Economics, Grammar, Auyurveda etc, are not available in any other language According to Macdonnel, the root of entire culture exists in Sanskrit Itterature The glory of Sanskrit is very high in the fields of Riligion and philosophy It is necessary to go through the Sanskrit in order to comprehend the real nature of universel love, intigration and culture (4) The three qualities of Sanskrit-language—(!) Sweet- ness (i) Inportance and (m) Dwnty Bhashasu Madhura Mukhya Divya Geervana Bharathi) Who ts the not at- tracted by the sweetness of Sanskrit language? So the poems of Kalidas, Dandi, Bharavi, Magha, Sri Harsha, Jayadeva and other poets are contained with sweetness and melody The sweetness of Sanskrit language only instigates foreigners for reading lisening and translating the great poems like Geeta, Ramayana etc10 Pe Tea Career: (5) The purpose of Sanskrit study—If we think over the purposes of Sanskrit language, It can easely be said that Sanskrit language gives us spiritual light, teaches us the modes of conduct and behaviour, improves the life, re- moves the darkness of ignorance by the light of wisdom, shows us the right path by her incomparable power and guides us towards our duties and responsibilities By the study of this language so many good qualities like belief in God and Dharma develop (6) Cultural greatness of all—This language of Indians ts an ocean of culture The Sanskrit language and the cul- ture of this land spread over Barma, Sumatra, Java, Ja- pan and so many different countries of the world The everlasting influence of this culture can be seen in America, Europe and other countries Sanskrit Itterature is the only means of attain four prin- ciple goals of human beings that is Dharma (Righteousness), Artha (Wealth and prosperity), Kama (Desire) and Moksha (Sal- vation) It is the only vehicle to reach near the real and pure nature of Indian culture “Sathyam, Shivam (and) Sundaram”— This ts the only language which expresses the above threé good qualities-like this—generous, high and unselfish spiritual thought appears in this language only “*Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah Sarve Santu Niramayah, Sarve Bhadrani Pagyantu Ma Kascit duhkhabhag Bhavet” Its meaning :—All be happy All be healthy All see goodnesses No body should face unhappy circumstencess &keRON =a Contents Pages Preface 5 Entrance 7 Prayer (sT2f=T1) 15 Useful Sentences 18 Letters (Vowels and Consonants) 23 (1) | Why the instructions of letters done? () The formation of letters how to announce- 5 ment being done? (1) The qualities of prono-unciators, (tv) The names of vowels and their qualities, (v) The definition of consonants 28 Vowels and consonants with their places of pronounciation 31 TAT (Matras) SHR (3) and sR (BM) 36 Matras of SIR (§) and Same (¥) 40 Matras of SHR (3) GHR (GH) and *HPR (RR) 44 Matras of UPR (8) Yar (8) and site i) 47 Matras of if (au), 3f (am), 3 (ah) 51 Shlokas (xeiTeT ) and their meanings 55 Some daily used sentences 59 Three persons and three Numbers and their sentences 6412 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 Compound-consonants, 2 Sandhih (afr), 3 Wad (You) word, 4 Formation of some roots (in presant tense), 5 Sentences and 6 Exercise 69 1 Typies of words 2 Avyayas (sera) 3 Rules about sift, w, 4, af and a 4 Mixed translation 5 Three types of genders In noun and therr list 75 1 Forms of a noun ending in 31 (sTet) 2 Ending vowels of a few words 3 Sentences 4 Forms of root 3% and % (4a) 5 Mixed sentences-formation 6 In future tense ("fase caret) Formation of some roots (0G, faa, Tq, GE, TL, WT, FT) 7 Roots their meanings and first person in singular number (in future tense) Sentences 9 Will, Shall TAFT 10 Exercise 82 Cases of neuteral word ‘Gea’ Cases of feminine ‘atfernr’ word Sentences 4 A prayer to lord Krishna Duel (fear) Adjectives and their sentences 90 ‘YE APR (Past tense) and their sentences Forms of 314 (I) and Gq (you) simeltaniously Sentences 4 Words meanings and 5 Exercise 97 1 Subject of cifeerere (Order and request) Imperative 2 Verbical forms of eae 3 Verbical forms of root 3 4 Rules about First and second cases (Government, RPA) and 5 Some exercise 105 1 fafefergerer (Potential mood) and their sentences 2 Verbical forms of root @ in five ON= ONWN = owContents 21 22 23 24 25 PRIM (tenses) 3 Description about the suffix Je (GF) their forms and sentences 4 Exercise 5 Words meanings (Tae ) 1 Government (@Ik4)—Instrumental, Dative and Ablative 2 Discription of suffixes TAT & aay 3 Tara (Fa) and erie (rita) Suffixel forms and their sentences 4 Words meanings and 5 Exercise 1 Government—Genitive, Locative and Vocative 2 TH wea (Suffix FA (FA) 3 Root a in fafefersernre 4 Sentences (atari) 5 ‘Te T= in masculine, “Ta? ME in faminine 6 Forms of pronoun (@aaT) ad, Ta, for, Wdetc 7 Sentences 8 Meanings of words (greet) and 9 Exercise 1 A detail description about the suffixes Gal (a1) and cay (a) 2 al and cay suffixial words 3 Sentences 4 ferq (g) Hera BET and their sentences 5 Scr - yfeony- cifony- art ara (Sentences) 6 Dictionary and 7 Exercise 1 The detail description about fgerar feufear (Accusative case) 2 Vowel-combination (kaxafRt) 3 Numberal words one to fifty 4 Sentence-constraction 5 Dictionary and 6 Exercise 1 Instrumental case 2 Vowel-combination (kava) 3 Numberal words 51 to Gay 4 Impersonal words (4Tddraeerer ) 5 Sentences 6 weet and 7 Exercise 13 114 122 129 138 146 15414 26 27 28 29 30 Wetter - eRe Rere: Dative and Ablative cases (WHIGMA ATE a) Suffix dg (dad) and their examples Sentences 4 Dictionary and 5 Exercise Genitive and Locative cases 2 & (a) Suffix Sentences formation Consonent-combination (ortTafe ) The world famous Indian great person - Krishnamurti 6 Dictionary BY (a) and eT (SM) Suffixes 2 feePhahy 3 Sentences formation 4 WAraT (Compounds) 5 The world famous Indian great person—Swami- Chinmayananda 1 SARA (Compounds) 2 Maxims (@RTa) and their meanings 3 The world famous Indian great person—Maharshi Mahesh Yogee 4 3T&qeii- 1 Maxims of Vedas (@@T*T YT.) and their meanings 2 The world famous Indian great person—OSHO 3. wrareit SF CHRO WON A Appendix No. 1 Words formation Appendix No 2 Pronoun words formation Appendix No 3 Suffixes & verbical forms of roots Appendix No 4 ee (>) suffixel (HeTIT) words Appendix No §& ead & 3MZy suffixel words Appendix No 6 {4% (G4) suffixel words Appendix No. 7 Fal & CAT suffixel words Appendix No 8 fF suffixel words and their meanings Appendix No 9 ‘dq suffixel words in three genders Appendix No 10 Some useful words. kee 161 167 dite 188 197 206 212 214 219 222 225 227 230 232 2351. U2TH: UTo: urefat (Prayer) waa aren a fer =a, wa aayea wet «al wata faen sfact «aaa, wa ud wa Gaeaiiiil fea adem, a wa war fea area crest da, aeast vf aaqii2il Wet gen, qe wearfa ai wiarreedt a, aati wf aais Il we efa armcmm, wes wudati st cafe Pret am, Ws god veri aq @ arafa are, wer adararii sircrafe eta, we gt ven aqIS1 sit wevtaagd we at yseg we aki eearae, worry srg aI faefasraé lie il aq areal aT Berra, wT A witferhra, qenatsyd ali716 eeer- ger wae Rreres Prarthana (Prayer) Tvam eva mata ca Pita tvam eva, tvam eva bandhus ca sakhé tvam eva | tvam eva vidya dravinam tvam eva, tvam eva sarvam mama devadeva’ ||7|| Piteva sarvalokanam yah karoti sada hitam Mateva lalanam caiva paramesam namaém tam ||2]| Dérikaroti duhkhani sukhani pradadati ca Sarvadanandardpo yah parmesarh namami tam ||3|| Moham harati balanam upadesena sarvada Jfianam dadati nityam yo gurum puyyam namami tam ||4]| Yo varayati Papebhyah sarvada sarva-manavan Praygyayati dharme ca gurum puyyam namami tam ||5| Om sahanavavatu saha nau bhunaktu saha vityam karavavahai, tejasvinavadhitam astu ma vidvisavahat ||6|| Om asato ma sadgamaya tamaso md jyotir-gamaya mityorma+mrtam gamaya ||7||Meaning in English O god! you are only our mother and father You are only our brother and sister You are our frend You are only our education and money O God of Gods and O Almighty! you are only the supreme being who looks after everything belong- ing to us (1) | bow to the Almighty who does welfare of all human beings like father and who does goodness of all as mother (2) | do obeisance to the Almighty who removes sorrows and gives happiness and who Is only eternal bliss (3) My humble obeisance to the respected precaptor (Guru) who enlightens the minds of beings by dispelling their igno- rance through his teachings (4) | surrender myself to such respectful teacher (Guru) who saves us from sins and makes us deal with our duties for ever (5) May He (God) save us both together! May He support us both together! Let us apply our might together May our stud- tes be glorious and should there be no hatred among us! (6) Om! Lead me from pereshable to Eternal! Lead me from darkness to light! Lead me from death to Eternal life! (7) BES2. facta: ute: Useful Sentences Where do you live ? oa fraefe ? In Chennai / In village @4Sa7k / WF | Why are you here ? 313 ery ? Some work was féefat mre amet | See you again Grasiat @Remf | Where are you come from ? Ha SPA ? From home Jerd |. Whre do you go ? parresfa / weet ? Igo to market /home aTuury / Te west | How !s your study go on ? Gay wer aerfa ? Best STA | Have you washed your face ? 4a afer fear ? Yes, | have washed 34, afer | Give me water UT Garg | Please take it Haq, Wag | Have you not cleaned your teeth ? Gaqeaat FT aay ? No sir Ta fT |feria. ore: 19 Where 1s the toothpest 7 aH DA? Where ts the brush ? edule} Ga ? | shall take bath FIM @Refy | Ineed soap Wary say | Food has cogked Urat freq Va | Where is dress ? Tal Ga ? See, there may be Wag qq BAe | Exam 1s near WlaiT wa eT | Study well 2th Tag | I slept fret artat | Give quick =ftt aalg | Call for all to meal Htormef walt, sreqag | All are come Wa sirtat | Have please Ulery | No, I dont orey, aTaerary | Please take some fefad 7g | No-no sir | have taken so much ARG, after TIL | Have you not brought bicycle today? ater fgafssent arta ? Yes, brought it sir at-ftat sft ! Yes itis ST] ate | Yes, written it 317, ferRaay | Come soon 3S aires / sInTeRY | Wait now fetag at amrrearh | Teachers came fetept ara | Dont make noise PleTect arg | Any body said by me a / ary anfeentt | He/She must say @ / GT Hwa |20 Weer aege- ae rere You must say Td eg | Yesterday you did not come @ Ard | So | dont know 3 7 OTATPY | Well, sitdown please areq, wufaerg | May | come in? fem atey array sirTesrhy ? Come in srTesg | Open the book Terry Vara | Read it / Rember it Tog / Tixg | Dont forget aT frag | How are the questions 7 Wz4T cer afar ? Very difficult / Very easy TEHCA / TEAST | When will result be declared ? Wlattet war simfreaty ? Tomorrow may be %¢ Wad | Passed Uiitef | Walk slowly 3 wt Weg / Ta | Hurry up sit Pe / ag I Write a letter 44 foreg | Play with the ball @-gba Wag | Listen carefully Waar surg | Carry paper wt qag | Bring broom FHP arag | Meet friend 3 frag | Wait a moment atm ferssg | Eat fruit tet Greg | Do work wre ge / ord ag | Pen here please cert wma | Wash house We aerag |