Question 1

a. Define a sequencing library? [2 marks]

b. Explain the steps involved in the establishment of a sequencing library [9]
c. Study the picture below and answer the following questions

i. Name the clonal amplification process shown in the above picture [1 mark]
ii. Describe how the above process leads to clonal amplification of a single DNA strand. [8
marks]

Question 2:

a. Describe sequencing by synthesis [10 marks]

b. Outline the principal of sequencing by ligation [10 mark]
c. Write notes on pyrosequencing. [5 marks]
 d. Write notes on semi conductor sequencing [5 marks]

Question 3

Outline the steps involved in:

a. Ion Torrent NGS platform [10 marks]

b. SOLiD Platform [10 marks]

Question 4

Study the picture below and answer the following questions.

a. Define a phylogenetic tree [2 marks]

b. List and explain the major aspects of phylogeny. [15 marks]
c. Construct a phylogenetic tree from the above phylogenetic relationship. Explaining your
reasoning in the construction of your tree. [10 marks]

2020

Question 1

You are given the query sequence ATTGCCA, you algorithm scores matches as 1, mismatches as -1 and
gap penalties as -1. Calculate the final score after aligning your given sequence with the following:
a. ATTGCCA
b. AT-ATCC
c. CTTACCA
d. -CTCCA-
e. AGGGCCA [2 marks each}