LAMU- SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

BLOOD and GIT PHYSIOLOGY

MBCHB YEAR 3- FIRST SEMESTER, DUE; 7 JUNE 2021

INSTRUCTIONS; HANDWRITTEN, ORDERLY, NEAT and TIDY

1. A 55 year old man has begun taking one 81-mg aspirin tablet daily on the recommendation of
his physician. The physician had told him that this would help to prevent heart attack and
stroke
a) What is the action of aspirin in terms of heart attack and stroke prevention? (5 marks)
b) The drug clopidogrel [(praviz) an inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation] is often
prescribed along with aspirin to prevent thrombosis in person with severe atherosclerotic
disease that are at risk for myocardial infarction or stroke. Explain the rationale for using
the two drugs (5 marks)
2. The drug desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), which is a synthetic analog of arginine
vasopressin, increases the half-life of factor VIII and is sometimes used to treat bleeding in
patient with mild hemophilia. EXPLAIN (10 marks)

3. A 29 year old woman complains of generalized fatigue. Her physical examination reveals a
heart rate of 115 beats/minute, BP 115/75 and respiratory rate of 28 breaths/minute. Her skin
and nail beds are pale. Her laboratory results include RBC 3.0 x 106/ µL, Hematocrit 30%,
Hemoglobin 9 g/dL and decreased ferritin levels. [normal RBC count is 3.0 x 106/ µL. Ht
=45%, Hb = 15 mg/dL).
a) Calculate MCV, Colour index, MCHC, MCH (5 marks)
b) Which disorder do you suspect this woman to have? ( 1.5 marks)
c) Which of her signs reflect the body’s attempt to compensate for the disorder? (1.5
marks)
d) What is the significance of the low ferritin level and how could it be used to make
decision related to her treatment? (2 marks)
4. Describe the various classifications of White blood cells and state their functions? (10 marks)
5. Describe the steps involved in absorption of (a) Lipids (b) Iron (c) Carbohydrates and (d)
Proteins
6. Components of the reflex arc include stimuli, receptors, afferent fibers, centers, Efferent
fibers and effector organs. Identify these components in (a) vomiting reflex (b) defecation
reflex

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