1.

SENSITIVITY
The sensitivity of a test shows how often a test is positive in patients who suffer from a
particular disease or have a particular condition.
Calculation: (TP/TP + FN)*100
Interpretation: Test with 100% sensitivity identifies every person who has the target disorder.
Statistical outcome: True positive
Example: High sensitivity test for detection of AIDS- ELISA.
2. SPECIFICITY
The specificity of a test shows how often a test is negative in patients who do not suffer from
the particular disease or have a particular condition.
Calculation: (TN/TN + FP)*100
Interpretation: Test with 100% specificity correctly identifies every person who does not have
the disease/condition.
Statistical outcome: True negative
Example: High specificity test for detection of AIDS- Western blotting.
3. VALIDITY
Extent to which a test measures, and what it claims to measure.
Measures whether the extent to which test claims to measure is achieved.
Types: internal validity and external validity.
4. RELIABILITY
Refers to the consistency of test results.
Measures whether the test gives consistent results at its outcome.
Types: internal reliability and external reliability.