Salesforce Lightning Interview Questions Q1) What is Lightning? Lightning refers to a set of tools and technologies which are behind a prominent upgrade to the Salesforce platform. It has the following components: © Experience: It refers to a group of modem user interfaces which are optimized for speed. This involves Lightning Experience, Salesforce1 Mobile App, and other template-based communities. * Lightning Component Framework: It is a JavaScript framework and a group of standard components that let you build reusable components for customization of Lightning Experience, Salesforce1 Mobile app, and template-based communities. + Visual Building Tools: It refers to the drag-and-drop technologies for quick and simple app building and customization. Lightning App Builder is used for customization of Lightning Experience and Salesforce1 Mobile app. Community builders are used for customization of template-based communities. ‘Lightning Exchange: This refers to a section of AppExchange where nearly more than 70 partner components are found for jump-starting the development. ‘* Lightning Design System: It refers to the style guides and best practices of modern enterprise UX for building pixel-perfect apps which match the look and appeal of the Lightning Experience and Salesforce1 Mobile app. Q2). How can Lightning Components be used with the Salesforce1 Mobile App? Lightning components can be used with Salesforcel Mobile App by creating a custom Lightning tab which points to our component and includes that tab in our Salesforce Mobile navigation. Q3), Can a Lightning Component which shows up in both the Mobile and the Desktop User Interfaces be made? RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286Lightning Components can be directly used in Lightning Experience, the Salesforce1 Mobile app, template-based communities, and other standalone apps. Additionally, it also includes Lightning components in a Visualforce page, which allows us to use them in Salesforce Classic, Visualforce-based communities and Console. Q4). Do you think Lightning is an Mvc Framework? Lightning is a component-based framework. Q5). Which parts of the Lightning Components are server-side and which are on client-side? Lightning components make use of JavaScript on the client-side and Apex on the server-side. Q6). What is the type of different events into Salesforce Lightning Component? Application Event: The event has a scope that is throughout the lightning App. and any component which has registered for this event gets a notification. System Event: These are the events that are fired by the Salesforce system during the lifecycle of the app. Component Event: The scope of this falls within the parent component of this event. All the components declared by the parent will also get notified of this event. Q7). What is the difference between the component event and the application event? Component Events: these are used when the parent and child need to communicate. They make use of bubbling and capture, just like it is used in DOM events. A change in a child component will be communicated to the parent component through the component event. Application Events: these are basically used for communicating any kind of change in the component to a larger audience. Any component which has been registered for this event will get notified. Q8). When should component events and application events be used? RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286It is always a good idea to use a component event over an application event. Component events can be handled only by the components which are above them in the hierarchy of containment. Thus, the usage is limited to the components which need to know them. Application events are best used when something is handled at the application level, like navigating to a particular record. Application events permit any communication between the components which are in separate parts of the application and have no direct containment relationship. Q9). Which interface is often used for implementation so that a lightning component can be used for quick action? Implementation can be done following the “force: lightningQuickAction” so that the component can be used for quick action. Q10). Which interface is often used for implementation so that a lightning component can be used as a Tab? The lightning component can be used as a Tab by following “force: apps stable.” Q11). How can a Lightning component be used in a Visualforce page? A Lightning Component can be embedded in any kind of webpage by a highly powerful and flexible feature called the Lightning out. In Visualforce, some level of complexity comes down. Lightning Component can be used in the Visualforce page in three steps: * Add the Lightning Components for Visualforce JavaScript library for the targeted page of Visualforce using the tag. * Next, a Lightning app has to be created and referred to in component dependencies. Finally, a JavaScript Function needs to be written which will ultimately create the component on the page by making use of $Lightning.createComponentt() Q12). Name a few different Lightning Component bundles? a. Component b. Controller c. Helper d, Style RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286e. Document f. Design g. SVG h. Rendrer Q13) How to ensure FLS while working with Lightning Component? FLS and CRUD are not automatically enforced in the lightning component whenever any object is referenced in the Apex Controller and the component will display the fields and records for which the users do not have access. Therefore we should manually enforce the FLS and CRUD in the Apex Controller, or we should try to use Lightning Data service wherever possible because it takes care of FLS and CRUD for us. Q14) How can we use Lightning Components with the Salesforce1 Mobile App ? For this purpose we need to first make a lightning tab which points to the lightning component we created and then we have to include that tab in the salesforc1 Mobile Navigation select list and the newly created tab to it. Q15) Can we make a Lightning Component that shows up in both the mobile and the desktop user interfaces? Lightning component is lightning experience ready by default and is also compatible in Salesforce App, it has a responsive layout therefore it adjust its resolution according the screen size and therefore can be used on desktop as well without writing any separate code. Q16) Is Lightning component framework an MVC framework ? No it is not a MVC framework it is a component based framework and event driven. Q17) Which parts of Lightning Components are server-side and which are client- side? Lightning components have two types of controller, one which uses javascript and responds to the event occurring in the components at client side and the second controller which is an apex class. Method of apex controller are accessed by the JavaScript controller methods asynchronously. RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286Q18) Can we make one component inherit styles/CSS from a parent component, or must we always define it in the component ? Child component inherits the CSS from its aren't we do not need to specify it for each component Q19) What is the use of the aura:method tag in Lightning ? aura:method is used to communicate down the containment hierarchy i.e. parent to child Q20) Can we Include One Lightning component to another ? Yes we can include one Lightning component in another Lightning component Q21) Is there any limit on how many component to have in one Application? There is no limit on number of components defined within an application by salesforce Q22) Is Lightning Components replacing Visualforce? No Lightning component is not replacing Visualforce, Visualforce is still supported by Salesforce. Q23) What is Aura? Why do we use the aura: namespace in the code? Aura is a UI framework for developing dynamic web apps for mobile and desktop devices, Aura provides a scalable long-lived lifecycle to support building apps engineered for growth. Aura supports partitioned multi-tier component development that bridges the client and server. It uses JavaScript on the client side and Java on the server side. Q24) Do we need a namespace to develop Lightning Components? You can have namespace in your org but it is not necessary to have a namespace to develop lightning component. Q25) What are the tools included in lightning? Lightning App Builder - It is a tool with User interface to use drag and drop functionality and create app fast by reusing the components, components can be standard or custom depending upon your requirement. Lightning Component Framework- it provides a bundle that can be used to build RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286reusable custom components, Standalone App and to customize Salesforce1 App Lightning Connect - it is a powerful tool to facilitate the integration of force.com app with an external data source using OData specification Lightning Process Builder - it is a visualization tool to build automation required for your business processes. Lightning Schema Builder - relationship among them, is a visualizing tool to view, create objects fields and Q26) What is difference between Visualforce Components and Lightning Components? Visualforce page is created keeping page as the center of the application and most of its calculation is performed at the server side. Lightning component on the other hand are created using the component based framework, most of the calculations are performed at the client side and makes the more dynamic and provide rich customer experience, also lightning component are build using mobile first approach. Q27) Does Lightning work with Visualforce ? Yes Lightning component works with Visualforce by implementing Lightning out as discussed earlier. Q28) Are there any CSS (styles) provided by salesforce.com as part of the supported Lightning Components ? Salesforce has provided lightning design system as the default css to be used with Lightning component. Q29) Are Lightning Components intended only for mobile apps? Although lightning framework creates component keeping mobile first approach, but its responsive design helps in providing the same experience over the desktop without writing separate lines of code Q30) What are the advantages of lightning? There are many advantages of using lightning like its out of the box component set which enables the fast paced creation of new apps, its event driven architecture which enables the easy decoupling between the components. Device awareness, cross browser compatibility and framework optimized for the performance. RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286Q31) Can we integrate Lightning components with another framework, such as Angular? Yes we can integrate lightning with any 3rd party framework. Q32) Can we include external JavaScript/Css libraries in components? It is possible to use custom CSS and JAvascriipt in the Lightning component Q33) What happens with existing Visualforce Pages in Lightning Experience? Most of the Visualforce page can be easily converted to lightning experience, but they are still supported by the salesforce and are not required to be converted Q34) Where we can display lightning component? Lightning component can be displayed at following places: 1. Lightning Experience 2. Salesforce1 App 3, Template-based Community 4, Standalone Lightning App 5. Visualforce Pages (Using Lightning out } Q35) Do | always create an app bundle first when develop lightning component ? No it is not necessary to create an Appp Bundle first to develop the lightning component Q36) How can we deploy components to production org? Lightning component can be deployed to the production via change sets, force.com IDE, Managed Package. Q37) What is Lightning Experience? It is the new user Interface developed by salesforce team, which is built on component based framework and event driven architecture, which provides a dynamic and responsive Experience to the user. This framework is built to provide optimum performance by using stateful Client side and stateless Server architecture Q38) What is the use of implements in lightning component? RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286Implements is use to refer platform interfaces which enables a component to be used in different contexts or to grant access to extra context data, a component can implement more than one interfaces. Q39) What is aura:registerevent in lightning component? aura:registerevent is the notifier component and it declares that it may fire a particular event, it includes ‘name’ attribute which is relevant only to component event and is not used for application event. Other attribute is the ‘type’ which lets the component know which event would be fired. Ex, Q40) How can we subscribe to an event in lightning component? To subscribe to an event in lightning component we need to include tag in the containment hierarchy. Subscription of these event depends on the event type ie. component event or application event. For Component event we write below code. In this ‘name’ attribute in should be exactly as name attribute in tag in the component which has fired the component. The ‘action’ attribute of sets the client-side controller action to handle the event. The ‘event’ attribute specifies the event being handled. For Handling Application event we write below code ‘Event’ and ‘action’ attribute are same as the component event handling, it is just that we do not include ‘name’ attribute to handle the application event. Q41) How can we communicate between two component? In Lightning Component Framework, the communication between two component is accompalished supported in several ways. 1. Attributes or Methods to pass data down the component hierarchy 2. Lightning Events to pass data up and around in the component hierarchy 42) What is aura definition bundle? It represents a Lightning definition bundle, it contains a Lightning definition and all its related resources. It could define a component, application, event, interface, or a tokens collection. RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286An AuraDefinitionBundle components a collection of component definition files, each representing a different resource such as markup code, event documentations, applications and interfaces. Lightning bundles must be under a top-level folder that's named aura. Each bundle must have its own subfolder under the aura folder. A bundle doesn’t have a suffix but definition files can have one of these suffixes Suffix Component Type Suffix Component Type app Application scmp Component design Design evt Event .intf Interface ‘is Controller, Helper, or Renderer svg SVG image css Style We fire event as shown below: var compEvent = cmp.getEvent(“sampleComponentEvent”); compEvent.fire(); Handle component event as below : Handle Application event as below: Q47) Let's say that you have an app myApp.app that contains a component myCmp.cmp with a ui:button component. During initialization, the init() event is fired in what order? uizbutton, ui:myCmp, and myApp.app. Q48) Why do we use @AuraEnabled annotation? The AuraEnabled annotation provides support for Apex methods and properties to be used with the Lightning Component framework The AuraEnabled annotation is overloaded, and is used for two separate and distinct purposes. RUPOM CHAKRABORTY - Capital Info Solutions ‘Shyamala Plaza, Behind Mythrivanam, Amerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana State, INDIA. Ph: 8686864286