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AMAZONIA
YANOMAMI
YUCUNAS
MISCELLANEOUS
FLOTTING VILLAGE
GUARANI HOUSES
BANDEIRISTA
0⁰ Equator
Amazonian
Rainforest
Amazonia as delineated by the WWF
Brazil
E
If the Amazon was a country it would be the 9th largest country on the
planet (1.2 billion acres or 48 million football fields).
R.Amazon is the second longest river in the world and by far the largest by
waterflow with an average discharge greater than the next seven largest rivers
combined
the Amazonia is made up of a mosaic of ecosystems and vegetation types including
rainforests, seasonal forests, deciduous forests, flooded forests, and savannas
CLIMATOLOGY
hot and humid rains almost the whole year
throughout the year,
60-180 inches to 30-100 inches
with an average annual
temperature of 27°C
(80.7°F)
AMAZING
A M A Z O N I A
AVIANS
X 1294
INSECTS
X 2.5 million
many more remaining to be discovered
FISHES
X 2,200
X 378
REPTILES
X 428
AMPHIBIANS
many more remaining to be discovered
moreover 438,000 plant species
many more remaining to be discovered or catalogued
Dendrobates Cruziohyla Dendrobates Agalychnis Hyla rhodopepla
auratus craspedopus galactonotus calidryas
Ocelot Tapir Two Toed Sloth Capybara Armadillo
Many rare birds inhabit the Amazon
Like most Amazonian tribes, tasks are divided between the sexes. Men hunt for game like
peccary, tapir, deer and monkey, and often use curare (a plant extract) to poison their prey.
Although hunting accounts for only 10% of Yanomami food, amongst men it is considered the
most prestigious of skills and meat is greatly valued by everyone.
No hunter ever eats the meat that he has killed. Instead he shares it out among friends and
family. In return, he will be given meat by another hunter.
The Yanomami have a huge botanical knowledge and use about 500 plants for food,
medicine, house building and other artefacts. They provide for themselves partly by
hunting, gathering and fishing, but crops are also grown in large gardens cleared from
the forest.
The Yanomami local groups are generally made up of a multifamily house in
the shape of a cone or truncated cone called yanos
Some yanos can house up to 400 people. The central area is used for activities such
as rituals, feasts and games.
Interior of the Yanomami maloca at night,
Tootobi, Brazil
Yanos are built from raw materials from the jungle, such as leaves, vines, plums
and tree trunks.
-They get heavy damage from rains, winds, and insects, so Yanos are usually
rebuilt every 1 to 2 years.
After each family builds its own house, a common roof is built connecting all
the individual houses together. Each family is responsible to build its own
section of the common roof. This forms a circular donut-shaped village
To build the yanos the poles are put in place and secured in
the ground and overhead. Then thousands of leaves are
woven into the thatch. Permanent yanos are usually
surrounded by palisades to protect themselves from possible
attacks. The palisades are about 10 feet long and are made of
logs from palm trees
The walls are held up with
poles and the village roof is made of thatch
(dry leaves and branches)
so after a few years yanos rots and fills with insects and rodents. Then the Yanomami
build a new village, sometimes next to the old one.
Yanomami move every five years or so to find new land to grow food in.
YUCUNAS
The December dry season rituals take place in the maloca’s northern side, the equinoctial ones
in its centre, and the June wet season ones in the southern side, precisely in the part of the
house which the sun illuminates at that time of the year.
The sun’s shafts in the yearly sweep illuminate not only the floor but different parts of the
roof’s interior and posts and beams.
MALOCA AS A
SYMBOL
BUILDING REPRESENTS
ELEMENT
ROOF Male worlds of the ancestors, of music, of
shamanism, of stars, and of high-flying birds
http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/yanomami/wayoflife#actnow
http://www.wausau.k12.wi.us/east/Student%20Files/Anthropology/Template%202/soci
al.html
http://www.unique-southamerica-travel-experience.com/amazon-rainforest-
climate.html