Pollutant contamination

1. Vary the decay rate, dec = .05, .1, 1. and 2.0. Explain your computed
results.
2. Vary the flow rate, vel = .05, .1, 1. and 2.0. Explain your computed
results.
3. Consider the 3 × 3 A matrix. Use the parameters in the example of the
stability condition and observe Ak when k = 10, 100 and 1000 for different
values of vel so that the stability condition either does or does not hold.
4. Suppose n = 4 so that there are four unknowns. Find the 4 × 4 matrix
description of the finite difference model (1.4.2). Repeat problem 4 with the
corresponding 4 × 4 matrix.
5. Verify that equation (1.4.2) follows from equation (1.4.1).
6. Experiment with different time steps by varying the number of time steps
K = 100, 200, 400 and keeping the space steps constant by using n = 10.
7. Experiment with different space steps by varying the number space steps
n = 5, 10, 20, 40 and keeping the time steps constant by using K = 200.
8. In exercises 7 and 8 what happens to the solutions as the mesh sizes
decrease, provided the stability condition holds?
9. Modify the model to include the possibility that the upstream boundary
condition varies with time, that is, the polluting source has a concentration that
depends on time. Suppose the concentration at x = 0 is a periodic function
.1 + .1 sin(πt/20).
(a). Change the finite difference model (1.4.2)-(1.4.4) to account for this.
(b). Modify the Octave code flow1d.m and use it to study this case.
10. Modify the model to include the possibility that the steam velocity
depends on time. Suppose the velocity of the stream increases linearly over the
time interval from t = 0 to t = 20 so that vel = .1 + .01t.
(a). Change the finite difference model (1.4.2)-(1.4.4) to account for this.
(b). Modify the Octave code flow1d.m and use it to study this case.

Heat and flow in two-dimensions

1. Duplicate the calculations in heat_2d.m. Use mesh and contour to view

the temperatures at different times.
2. In heat_2d.m experiment with different time mesh sizes, maxk = 150, 300,
450. Be sure to consider the stability constraint.
3. In heat_2d.m experiment with different space mesh sizes, n = 10, 20 and
40. Be sure to consider the stability constraint.
4. In heat_2d.m experiment with different thermal conductivities K = cond =
.01, .02 and .04. Be sure to make any adjustments to the time step so that the
stability condition holds.
5. Suppose heat is being generated at a rate of 3 units of heat per unit
volume per unit time.
(a). How is the finite difference model for the 2D problem in equation
(1.5.4) modified to account for this?
(b). Modify heat2d.m to implement this source of heat.
(c). Experiment with different values for the heat source f = 0, 1, 2, 3.
6. In the 2D finite difference model in equation (1.5.4) and in the Octave
code heat_2d.m the space steps in the x and y directions were assumed to be
equal to h.
(a). Modify these so that Δx = dx and Δy = dy are different.
(b). Experiment with different shaped fins that are not squares, that is,
in lines 4-5 W and L may be different.
(c). Or, experiment in line 9 where n is replaced by nx and ny for
different numbers of steps in the x and y directions so that the length of the
space loops must change.
7. Duplicate the calculations in flow2d.m. Use mesh and contour to view
the temperatures at different times.
8. In flow2d.m experiment with different time mesh sizes, maxk = 100,
200, 400. Be sure to consider the stability constraint.
9. In flow2d.m experiment with different space mesh sizes, nx = 5, 10 and
20. Be sure to consider the stability constraint.
10. In flow2d.m experiment with different decay rates dec = .01, .02 and
.04. Be sure to make any adjustments to the time step so that the stability
condition holds.
11. Experiment with the wind velocity in the Octave code flow2d.m.

(a). Adjust the magnitudes of the velocity components and observe stability
as a function of wind velocity.
(b). If the wind velocity is not from the south and west, then the finite
difference model in (1.5.10) will change. Let the wind velocity be from the north
and west, say wind velocity = (.2, -.4). Modify the finite difference model.
(c). Modify the Octave code flow2d.m to account for this change in
wind direction.
12. Suppose pollutant is being generated at a rate of 3 units of heat per
unit volume per unit time.
(a). How is the model for the 2D problem in equation (1.5.10) modified
to account for this?
(b). Modify flow2d.m to implement this source of pollution.
(c). Experiment with different values for the heat source f = 0, 1, 2, 3.

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