Differential Relays2.1 Differential Relay Settings Calculations MiCOM P63X_ Relay Type: MICOM P63X Required Data Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers MVA, Voltage Ratio Rated Voltage in kV (HY Side) Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) Vector Group CT Ratio (HV Side) CT HV Side Vector Group CT Ratio (LV Side) CTLY Side Vector Group Minimum Tap = - % Maximum Tay Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA / (13*KV) Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT secondary (HV) Rated Current (LV Side) =MVA / (3*KV) (Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideVCT RatioRequired Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT Secondary (LV) Relay current on LV side L ‘urrent on CT secondary LV side / Ratio compensation for LV side Calculations for OLTC tap setting -% and +% Full load Current (- % or #% HV Side) =MVA /(13*KV) Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideY/CT Ratio Relay Current for HV side f)= Current on Ct secondary (HV) Ratio compensation for HV side Iris calculated for extreme transformer taps ‘The differential current is = ils Bias current Iya, = (Ur4bV/2 Differential current I gy and I. is calculated foe extreme Transformer taps ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay If Ibias <2 = 14 m4 Tia If Ibias > 2 = m2" Iya 24 ml * 2 Where mi and m2 are the slope of relay char Pick up setting is chosen such that the Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability ‘Substation Name : 220 kV Gs Debari Relay Type: MICOM P633 Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers ‘Transformer Name: CROMPTON MVA = 100Ratio = 220/132/11 Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNAQdII CT Ratio (HV Side) = 300/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 500/1 CTY Side Vector Group = 1s Minimum Tap ‘Maximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) =100*10°6) (V3*220*10"3) 2.4319 A, ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideVCT Ratio 0.875 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.875 143A Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*KV) =100*10%6/ (v3#132*10°3) =437.38 A(Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT =437.38 /500 =0875A 1/ 0.875 434 Cal lations for OLTC tap setting -10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% =MVA / (3*0.9%KV) =100* 10°6/ (1/3#220%0.85*1043) =308.743 A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 308.743 /300 =1.029A ‘As the adopted ratio correction is 1.143 A the current to relay bias terminal = 1.029 * 1.43 =LIT6A Hence the differential current is = 1.1761 = 0.176 Bias current = (Iy#1,y/2 =(1176+1y2 O88 A {Since the bias current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be wi in 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be =I, + (0.3* Tis)=0.2+ (0.3 * 1.088) = 0.526 A. Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here its less than 90% so the setting is acceptable, Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at 110% = MVA / (Y3*1.15*kV) =100* 10°6/ (/3*220*1.10°10%3) =238.54A, Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio = 238.54 /300 =0,795 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.143 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.795" 1.143 =0.909 Hence the differential current is = 1 - 0.909 = 0.091 A Bias current = (1413/2 = (0,909 +1)/2 955A [Since the bius current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.38 Ty.) =0.2+(03 *0.93) = 0.48 ADifferential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here it s less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. 2.2 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay MBCH ‘Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group CT ratio on HV Side Winding connection of CT on HV side ICT ratio on HV Side Winding connection of ICT on HV side CT ratio on LV Side Winding connection of CT on LV side ‘Transformer Tap Min -% OLTC Tap and max % OLTC tap AUNormal tap Rated current (HV Side) =MVA / (13*Rated voltage (HV side)) Rated current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*Rated voltage (LV side) ICT is Star/Star Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) If CT is Star/Delta the current shall be multiplied by V3,Current on the secondary of ICT for Star/Star = Current on CT Secondary (HV Side) / ICT Ratio (HV Side) For Stat/Delta the current shall be multiplied by ¥3. ‘The same procedure is followed for getting the relay current on LY side also, Jagr = Relay Current = Difference between the HV and LV Current (Current at the secondary of ICT’s) To make sure that the relay does not operate when the Transformer taps are changed the currents are calculated at extreme taps. At Tap on -% Voltage corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MV / 13 * Voltage comesponding to —ve tap. At Tap on +% Voltage corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MVA / 13 * Voltage comesponding to 4ve tap. Currents at the CT Secondary and ICT Secondary are cal ated by using the above procedure, For extreme +e and extreme —ve tap. Relay current he difference between the HV and LV Currents for extreme +ive tap, I= The difference ben the HV and LV Currents for extreme +ve tup. MBCH has an adjustable basic threshold setting of 10% to 50% current I sel ble in 10% steps Dual Slope ~ 20% Slope upto In = 80% Slope for Current > In, Relay operating current = Pickup setting + Bias Setting * Bias currentA+h)2 yes 1A = Pickup setting + 0.20 * Bias Current less than LA +0.8*current above 1A Bias current = (Ii4Ly/2 I pices = Operating current at extreme taps is calculated with the same procedure, ‘The pick up setting is acceptable if the I operating is less than the bias current at extreme taps, ferential Relay Settings Calculations ‘Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Debari Relay Type: MBCH Ratings of the Power and Current Transformer MVA=50 Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNaOdl CT Ratio (HY Side) = 150 CT HY Side Vector Group = Star/Si CT Ratio (LY Side) = 300 CT LY Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (HV Side) = 150 CT Ratio (LV Side) = 300 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV)=50*1046/ (V34220*10°3) = 131.224 Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*kV) =50"10°6/ (13*132*10°3) 18.6 ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY Side)/CT Ratio = 131.22/150 = 087A Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT 18.6/300 =073A Interposing CT (HV Side) = 0.87/0.58 Vector Group Interposing CT (HV Side) = Star/Delta Interposing CT (LV Side) = 0.73/0.58 Vector Group Interposing CT (LY Side) = Star/Delta ‘Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = 3"(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =3*(0.8710.58) =1.01 Current on ICT Secondary (LV) '3*(Current on CT Secondary (LV)/ Interposing CT (LY Side) =13*(0.73/0.58)=1.00 Difference between HV side and LY side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = 1.01-1.00 =001A Cal lations for OLTC tap setting -12% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -12% =MVA / (Y3*0.88#KV) 5061056) (13#22040.88*10°3) = 149.114 (Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 149.11 /150 99 A (Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = 3*(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =\3*(0.99 (0.87/0.58)) =LISA Difference between HV side and LY side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - Current on ICT Secondary (LY) = 115~1.00 =O15A Taw = (tLV2 = (100+ 1.15)2 =1.015 4 Consider the setting of I, =0.1‘The I Operating Current =0.1 + (0.2 * 1) + O.8*(1.075-1) =0.1 + 0.2 +0.8%0.075 364 At tap of -12% with full load the relay require a curtent of 0.36 A at l= 0.1 Since I) 15 which is less than relay operating value, relay will not operate. So a setting I, =0.1 is acceptable. Caleulations for OLTC tap setting +5% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +5% =MVA / (V3*1.05*KV) =50*10°6) (V3*220*1.05*10°3) =12497A (Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 124.97 /150 =0.83 A ‘Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = 3"(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =¥3*(0.83 10.8710.58)) =0.96. A Difference between HV side and LY side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) Current on ICT Secondary = 1.00-096 = 0.04.4 Tie = (thy? = (0.96+1.00)/2=0.98 A Consider the setting of l, = 0.1 ‘The I Operating Current = 0.1 + (0.2 * 0.98) =0.1 40.196 296. At tap of +5% with full load the relay require a current of 0.29 A at Since Il, (04 which is less than relay operating value, relay will not operate. So a setting I, = 0.1 is acceptable,2.3 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay KBCH Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Veetor group HV volta LY voltage ‘Transformer percentage impedank ‘Transformer vector group: OLTC Tap: +% — OLTCTap: -% CT ratio and winding configuration HY side LV side AtNormal tap HV Side full load current = MVA /\3*kV ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) N1=Required ratio compensation = 1/ let see Assuming Relay current = 1A N1 is set on the relay Current on HY side = Current on CT secondary (HV)/ NIAt Normal tap low voltage side LY Side full load current = IVA /(13*KV) Current on CT Secondary let (LV) = Rated Current (LV Side) / CT Ratio (LV Side) N2=Required ratio compensation = I let see (LV) N2 is set on the relay (Current on LV side = Current on CT secondary (LV)/N2 At -% Tap HY side current = MVA / ((3"kV Where kV is the voltage corresponding to -% tap on HV side Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) wit ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Iet sec /N1 At Tap on +% HY side current = MVA / (V3*kV ) Where kV is the voltage corresponding to +% tap on HV side ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) With ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Iet see /N1 Differential current at extreme taps Al-% tap =Laen At +% tap Twins = Hayt lay 2Operating current of Relay Pickup setting + 0.20 * Bias Current less than 1A +0.8*current above 1A. Loeating Relay Operating current current is calculated using the above equation. For extreme taps the Lair and Ii current ate calculated., the pick up setting not operate for extreme taps Differential Relay Settings Calculations ‘Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Nagaur Relay Type: KBCH (Areva) Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers ‘Transformer Name: Transformer 2 MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Ri Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNaOdl CT Ratio (HV Side) = 400/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 600/1 CT LY Side Vector Group = Star/Star Minimum Tap = -15 M jaximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) =100*10°6) (V3#220*10"3)=262.43. A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/CT Ratio = 262.43/400 =0.66.8 1/ 0.66 Rated Current (LY Side) = MVA / (Y3*kV) =100*10%6/ (V3#132*10°3) 2437.39. Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideVCT Ratio =437.39/600 =0.73A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.73 STA Calculations for OLTC tap setting -10% Full load Current for 400 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (Y3*0.85*kV) =100" 106! (Y3*220*0.85" 1093) =308,74 A (Current on CT Secondary (HV) ated Current (HV SideyCT Ratio = 308.74 /400 =0.77A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal= 0.77" 152 =L18A Hence the differential current is = 1.18 = 018A Bias current = (1413/2 =C.184D2 =10A {Since the bias current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be within 20%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.2* Twas) =0.1+(0.2* 1.09) =037A Differential curtent at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV 5( HY Side) Winding at +10% = MVA /(3*1.1*KV) =100* 1056) (43*22081.1*10°3) = 237.26 A, (Current on CT Secondary (HV) fated Current (HY SideyCT Ratio =238.57 /400 = 0.504,As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.60 * 1.52 =082 A Hence the differential current is = 1 - 0.82 = 018A Bias current = (Iy+2)22 = (0.82 +12 =091A {Since the bias current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be within 20%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.2 Inia) =0.1+(02*091) =0.28A Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating curtent for better stability, Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.2.4 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay DTH 31/32 Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group CT ratio on HV Side Winding connection of CT on HV side ICT ratio on HV Side Winding connection of ICT on HV side (CT ratio on LV Side Winding connection of CT on LV side ‘Transformer Tap Min -% or OLTC Tap max +% Rated current (HV Side) =MVA / (13*Rated voltage (HV side)) Rated current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*Rated voltage (LV side) WCT is Star/Star Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) ICT is Star/Delta the current shall be multiplied by V3. Current on the secondary of ICT for Star/Star = Current on CT Secondary (HV Side) / ICT Ratio (HV Side)For Star/Delta the current shall be multiplied by V3. ‘The same procedure is followed for getting the relay current on LY side also, Jagr = Relay Current = Difference between the HV and LV Current (Current at the secondary of ICT’s) ‘To make sure that the relay does not operate when the Transformer tups are changed the currents are calculated at extreme taps, At Tap on -% Voltage corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MVA / 13 * Voltage comesponding to -ve tap. AtTap on +9 Vol age corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MVA / 13 * Voltage conesponding to 4ve tap. Currents at the CT Secondary and ICT Secondary are calculated by ing the above procedure, For extreme tive and extreme -ive tap. The difference beww: Relay current the HV and LV Currents for extreme +ive tap. L= The difference ben the HV and LV Currents for extreme +ive tap. DTH 31 relay has a fixed pick up setting and variable single slope bias setting For setting the Bias Setting ‘The operating current of DTH 31 is given by the equationRelay operating current = Pickup setting + Bias Setting * Bias current ‘The pickup setting in DTH 3 =0.15 (constant) Bias Current = (1)+1)2 Operating Current at normal tap with Bias setting Is = 0.15(or) 0.3 Lopanae IA =0.15 + 0.15 * Bias Current Bias current = (Iy+L3)?2 Toinence VA Operating current at extreme taps is calculated with the same procedure. Operating current at extreme taps is calculated with the same procedure. Operating Current at extreme Minimum tap Toying 2A. Looitcase 2A. Operating Current at extreme Maximum tap Lopaise 3A. [difference 3A = 1, Ineach of the above cases lopeaing Current >Ipisiene + Tolerance If the above is true a seiting of 0.15 for bias is selected. In case the above is not true, Similar calculation is, carried out for the next Bias Setting. Bhinmal Differential Relay Settings Calculations Relay Type: DTH31 Station Name : 220 kV GSS Modak Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers‘Transformer Name: NGEF MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) 20 kW Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 KV Vector Group = ¥1 nd CT Ratio (HV Side) = 300/1 CT HY Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 600/1 CT LV Side Vector Group = Star/Star ICT Ratio (HY Side) = 7.3/5 ICT Ratio (LV Side) = 3.6/2.89 Rated Current (HV Side) =MVA / (V3*KV) =100*10°6 (V3*220*103) =262.4319 A. Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*KV) =100" 106) (V3"132"10'3) =A3739A (Current on CT Secondary (HV) ated Current (HV SideyCT Ratio 162.4319/300 0.874 A ‘Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV Sidey/CT Ratio=437.39/600 = 0728 A Interposing CT (HV Side) = 315 ‘Vector Group Interposing CT (HV Side} Interposing CT (LV Side) = 3.65/2.89 tar Delta Vector Group Interposing CT (LV Side) Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = V34(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HY Side)) =13*(0.656/1.128) ‘Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = V3*(Current on CT Secondary (LV) Interposing CT (LY Side)) '3*(0.728/1.261) 99.4 Difference between HV side und LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = 1.03 ~.99 0.04Calculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -10% = MVA / (Y3*0.85*KV) =100*10°6) (13*220*0.85*103) =308.743 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideY/CT Ratio = 308.74 /300 =1.029.A Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = ¥34(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =V3#1.029-1.22 A ‘Current om ICT Secondary (LV) = 1.00.4 Difference between HV side and LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - Current on ICT Secondary (LV) 2- 1,00 Ibias =(11+ 2) 2 = (12241) /2 SLA Operating Current = Bias setting + Slope 1 * [bias = 0.15 0.15111 = 0.3165 A As Id= 0.22, Operating current = 0.31, Hence stableCalculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +15% = MVA / (V3*1.10*&V) =100*10°6) (13#220*1.10*1043) 38.578 Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideY/CT Ratio 28.20 1300 = 0795.4 Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = ¥34(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =0,9434 ‘Current om ICT Secondary (LV) = 1.00.4 Difference between HV side and LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - Current on ICT Secondary (LV) 0.9434 1056 A At Tap of -10 % [ya = U4 )/2 = (140.9434)?2 A =0.97 A Consider a bias setting of = 0.30 ‘The I Oper: ing Current = 0.15 +1, *T jay 15+0.15* 097 0.29.4 At tap of -10% with full load the relay require a curtent 0.47 A at I, = 0.30.056 which is less than the operating value, relay will not operate So a setting I, = 0.30 is acceptable. 2.5 Differential Relay Settings Calculations RET 670 28 Calculation Procedure Relay Type: RET 670 Required Data Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers MVA Voltage Ratio Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) Vector Group CT Ratio (HV Side) CT HY Side Vector Group CT Ratio (LV Side) CT LY Side Vector Group CT resistance value (Ret) Lead resistance value (RI) % Minimum Tap Maximum Tap = +% Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY Side CT RatioRequired Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT secondary (HY) Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*kV) ‘Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideV/CT Ratio Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT Secondary (LY) ‘urrent on CT secondary LV side/ Ratio compensation for LV side Relay current on LV side I Calculations for OLTC tap setting -% and +% Fall load Current (- % or +% HV Side) =MVA /(V3*KV) (Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/CT Ratio ion for HV side Relay Current for HV side 1,= Current on Ct secondary (HV)/ Ratio compen: 1) i calculated for extreme transformer taps ‘The differential current is ils Bias current I pias = (L-+V2 Differential current I yr and his calculated foe extreme Transformer taps ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay = 1+ ml? I yacfor current less than (4.lref) + m2* Iya, for current greater than (4 Iref) Where mi and m2 are the slope of relay char Pick up setting is chosen such that the Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. ‘Sample Calculation for ABB Ri A) Biased Differential ‘Substation Name : 220 kV GSS Rajwest Relay Type: ABB RET 670 Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers‘Transformer Name: TELK MVA = 315 Voltage Ratio = 400/220/33 Rated Voltage in kV (HY Side) = 400 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 220 Vector Group = YNAQdI CT Ratio (HV Side) = 1000/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 100011 CT LY Side Vector Group = Stat/Star 10 ‘Minimum Tap ‘Maximum Tap = +15 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) =315*10°6/ (V3*400"10"3) 454,66 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.454 =2.199 Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*kV)=315*10°6/ (v3#220*10"3) =826.66 A ‘Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideV/CT Ratio =826.66/1000 =0.826 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.826 =1.209A Compensated current on LY side=V3*0.826/1.209 Calculations for OLTC tap setting -10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (V340.85*KV) =315*10°6! (3*400*0.85*10°3) =534.89 A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 534.89 /1000 =0.5 A Inter posing CT (HV) winding = V13*Current on CT sec (HV)/Ratio correction factor =V3"0,534/2.199 =0421A Hence the differential current is = ABS (0.421~ 1.183) = 0.7624 Bias current = (1,41:)/2= (4214118392 =0.802 4 {Since the bias current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be within 407% ‘Therefore the opetating current of the relay will be =, + (L.5* MI}#M2¢lbias =0.1+ (04 * 15)*0.8*0.697 = 125A Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here its less than 90% so the setting is acceptable, Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA / (Y3#1.14KV) =315*10°6/ (/3*400*1.1*1073) =413.33A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side/CT Ratio = 413.33 /1000 =0.413 A Interposing HV winding current=V3*0.413/2.199 0,325 Tbias= interposing CT HV current side+ Interposed LY side CT current side)/2 = (0.32541.183)/2 754A, Hence the differential current is = 1.183-0,325 = 0.858. A[Since the bias current is less than 1.5 A the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (mi+m2)* I ju, =0.1 + (04 +08) * 0.754 =LOLA ‘The operating value is larger than the differential value hence the system is Stable for the MAX tap condition. B) High Impedance Differential ‘Substation Name : 220 kV GSS Rajwest Relay Type: ABB RET 670 Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers ‘Transformer Name: TELK MVA= 15 Voltage Ratio = 400/220/33, Rated Voltage in kV (HY Side) = Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 220 Vector Group = YNAQdII % Impedance of the transformer=0.1198 CT Ratio (HV Side) = 1000/1 CT HY Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LY Side) = 1000/1 CT LY Side Ve or Group = Star/Star 2 CT resistance (Ret Lead Resistance valueRated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*kV) 5*10°6/ (V3*400*10°3) =454.66 A ‘Maximum fault current contributed =Rated current /Percentage Impedance =454.60(0.1 198 =3705.15 A ‘Maximum fault current contributed secondary=3795.15/1000 ing Voltage =3.795*(442*1.5) =26.57V Rstab = 2500, Stabilizing resistance value (Rstab) to be set as per the operating voltage range given in the technical reference manual table provided by the manu2.6 Procedure for Relay setting of Transformer Differential Relay ABB RADSB Substation: 220kV GSS Dans ‘Tranformer Name © CGL. Relay Type: RADSB [ABB] Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group CT ratio on HV de Winding connection of CT on HV side ICT ratio on HV Side Winding connection of ICT on HV side CT ratio on LV Side Winding connection of CT on LV side ‘Transformer Tap Min -% OLTC Tap and max % OLTC tap Caleulat Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (¥3*kV) Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideVCT Ratio(Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT Interposing CT (HV Side) = Current on CT Secondary (HV)/ ICT ratio on HV side Interposing CT (LV Side) = Current on CT Secondary (LV) /0.578 ‘Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = 3"(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HY Side)) Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = ¥3*(Current on CT Secondary (LV)/ Interposing CT (LY Side)) Difference between HV side and LV side current Current on ICT Secondary (HV) Current on ICT Secondary (LW) Calculations for OLTC tap setting -% Voltage corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MVA / 13 * Voltage comesponding to -ve tap. Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio Current on ICT Secondary (HV) in A = ¥3*(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HIVSide)) Difference between HV side and LY side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - ‘Current on ICT Secondary (LV) Cal lations for OLTC tap setting +% Voltage corresponding to the above tap, Full load current = MVA / +13 * Voltage corresponding to +ve tap.Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio Current on ICT Secondary (HV) in A = 13*(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (VSide)) Difference between HV side and LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) ‘Current on ICT Secondary (LV) Relay setting range available : Operating value can be Settable 20, 25, 35, oF 50% of In W= (2) Ibias = (11412) Operating current = 0.25+ Slope! setting * I Id should be less than I operating current ‘The setting shall be selected in such a way that the relay shall not operate for the extreme tap positions Differential Relay Settings Calculations Relay Type: RADSB [ABB] Substation: 220kV GSS Dausa ‘Tranformer Name : CGL. Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers ‘Transformer Name: CGL. MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132kV Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YnYa0 CT Ratio (HV Side) = 30/5CT HY Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 600/5 CTLV Side Vector Group = Star/Star ICT Ratio (HY Side) = 4.37/2.88 ICT Ratio (LV Side) = 6412.88 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA / (V3*kV) =100*10°6) (V3*220"10°3) 2.4319 A, Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (\3*KV) =100*10%6/ (V3#132*10°3) = 43739, Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 262.43 19/(300/5) =437A ‘Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideV/CT Ratio =437.394 60015) = 364A Interposing CT (HV Side) =4.37/2.88 =1517 Interposing CT (LV Side) = 3.64/2.88 =1.263Current on ICT Secondary (HV) (Current on CT Secondary (HV)*Interposing CT (HY Side)) =4.37/(4.37/2.88) 88.A Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = ¥3*(Current on CT Secondary (LV)/ Interposing CT (LY Side)) =3.64/(3.64/1.263) 88 A Difference between HV side and LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) — Current on ICT Secondary (LV) = 4.9891 —4.9916 = 0.0019606708 A Calculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (13*0.85*KV) =100*10°6/ (13*220*0.85*10%3) =308.74.A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio = 3087430005) =5.15A ‘Current on ICT Secondary (HV) = (Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV side ) =5.15(4.862 /1.517)=330A Current on ICT Secondary (LV) =(Current on CT Secondary (HV)/ Interposing CT (HV side) 2.88 A Difference between HV side and LV side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) ~ Current on ICT Secondary (LY) = 3.39-2.88 =O0SIA Thias = (114122 = (3.39+2.88)/2 = 3.34 Operating current = 0.25+0.2*3.34 = 0.88.4 Id =0.51 is less than I operating = 0.88, hence stable Caleul: s for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %{ HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA /(V3*1.1+KV) =100*10"6)/ (X13*220"1.1 *10%3) 238.57 A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio = 238.57 /(300/5) 98 A Current on ICT Secondary (HV) ~ V3*(Current on CT Secondary (HV) Interposing CT (HV Side)) =3.98/(3.954/ 1.517) =2.62ACurrent on ICT Secondary (LV) = 2.88 Difference between HV side and LY side currents = Current on ICT Secondary (HV) - (Current on ICT Secondary (LV) 2.88. bias =( 11412) /2 2,88+2.62)/2=2.75 A Toperating = 0.25 + 0.2* 2.75 =0.8 A 26 is less than I operating = 0.8 A, hence stable2.7 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay GE T60 Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group HV volta LY voltage ‘Transformer percentage impedank ‘Transformer vector group: OLTC Tap: +% — OLTCTap: -% CT ratio and winding configuration HY side LV side AtNormal tap HV Side full load current = MVA /\3*kV ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) N1=Required ratio compensation = 1/ let see Assuming Relay current = 1A N1 is set on the relay Current on HY side = Current on CT secondary (HV)/ NIAt Normal tap low voltage side LY Side full load current = IVA /(13*KV) Current on CT Secondary let (LV) = Rated Current (LY Side) / CT Ratio (LV Side) N2=Required ratio compensation = I let see (LV) N2 is set on the relay (Current onLV side Current on CT secondary (LVYN2 At -% Tap HY side current = MVA/ ((3*kV Where kV is the voltage corresponding to -% tap on HV side Current on CT Secondary = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) wit ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary curtent At Tap on +% HY side current = MVA / (V3*kV ) Where kV is the voltage corresponding to +% tap on HV side ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) With ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary current Differential current at extreme taps Al-% tap =Laen At +% tap Tons = vtyOperating current of Relay 1 oyeraing = Pickup setting + 0.3 * Bias Current for Bias current less than Break Point 1 oyeaing = Pickup setting + 0.3 * Bias Current + 0.8 (Bias current — Break point) for Bias current greater than Break point. Relay Operating current current is calculated using the above equation. For extreme taps the Iygr and Iu. current are calculated., the pick up setting not operate for extreme taps Cpe Crna 8 aro Regan on eats apes ee Figure 5-42: PERCENT DIFFERENTIAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC Differential Relay Settings Calculations Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Kushkhera Relay Type: GE T60 Ratings of the Power and Current TransformersDifferential Current Setting = 125A Break Point = 2 Slopel = 03 Slope 2= 0.8 ‘Transformer Name: IMP MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNaOdl CT Ratio (HV Side) = 400/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 500/1 CT LY Side Vector Group = Stat/Star 15 Minimum Tap Maximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA / (134KV) =100*1 0%" (13"220"10°3) 62.43 A (Current on CT Secondary (HV) ated Current (HV SideyCT RatioRequired Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.66 =152 Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*kV) =100*1076/ (v3*132*10°3) =437.39 4 (Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT. =437.39/500 = 0.874 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.874 113A Calculations for OLTC at Nominal tap setting Full load Current for 220 kV %( HY Side) Winding =MVA /(3*0.9"kV) =100* 1056) (X3*220"10°3) = 26243 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio = 262.43 /400 = 0.656 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.656 * 1.52‘Compensated current internally = 0.9972 A Hence the differential current is = 0.9972 = 0.00274 Bias current = Max (Ih, 2) = (0.9972, 1) =A [Since the bias current is less than Break point (2) the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.3* Iya) = 0.25 + (0,3* 0.9972) = 0.549 A. Differential curtent at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Full load Current for 400 kV %( HV Side) Winding at % = MVA / (13*0.85*KV) =100* 106) (¥3*220°0.85*10°3) = 308.74 A, Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio = 308.74 /400 =072A As the adopted compensation is 1.33 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.772 * 133‘Compensated current internally =1.029 A Hence the differential current is = 1.029 - 0.87 = 015A Bias current = laximum of (ly, 1) = Maximum of (1.029, 0.87) = 1029.4 [Since the bius current is less than Break point (2) the slope will be within 25%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.2* Tia) =0.25 + (0.3*1.029) = 0.558 A. Differential curtent at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA / (V3*1.1*EV) =100* 106) (¥3*220"1.1*10°3) 238.57, Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio = 238.57 /400 = 0.5964 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.596 * 1,52‘Compensated current internally = 0.905 A Hence the differential current is = 1-0,905 = 0.095 A. Bias current = laximum of (ly, 1) = Maximum of (0.905, 1) =A [Since the bias current is less than Break point (2) the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.38 I), =0.25+0.3*1) =055A Differential curtent at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.2.8 Procedure for Relay Setting of ‘Transformer Differential Relay CSC326 Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group HY voltage LV voltage ‘Transformer percentage imped ce: ‘Transformer vector group: OLTC Tap: 4% — OLTC Tap: -% CT ratio and winding configuration HV side LY side At Normal tap HV Side full load current = MVA /V3*EV ‘Current on CT Secondary let (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) NI=Required ratio compensation = 1/ et see Assuming Relay current = 1A N1 is set om the relay (Current on HY side = Current on CT secondary (HV)/ NIAt Normal tap low voltage side LY Side full load current = IVA /(13*KV) Current on CT Secondary let (LV) = Rated Current (LY Side) / CT Ratio (LV Side) N2=Required ratio compensation = I let see (LV) N2 is set on the relay (Current onLV side Current on CT secondary (LVYN2 At -% Tap HY side current = MVA / ((3"kV Where kV is the voltage corresponding to -% tap on HV side Current on CT Secondary = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) wit ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary curtent At Tap on +% HY side current = MVA / (V3*kV ) Where kV is the voltage corresponding to +% tap on HV side ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) With ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary current Differential current at extreme taps Al-% tap =Laen At +% tap Tons = vtyOperating current of Relay T opening = Pickup setting + 0 * Bias Current if less than 0.656 Topeing = Pickup setting + (0.3 * Bias Current -0.656) if greater than 0.656 1 oyecnng = Pickup setting + 0.7 * (Bias Current-4) + 0.34 Relay Operating current current is calculated using the above equation, For extreme taps the Lye and Iu. current are calculated,, the pick up setting is chosen such that it will not operate for extreme taps. Differential protection characteristics for transformers: E Differential curent Differential Relay Settings Calculations ‘Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Bharathpur Relay Type: CSC326 Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers Differential Current Setting = 0.2 A ‘Transformer Name: CGLMVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNaOdl CT Ratio (HV Side) = 400/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = S00/1 CTY Side Vector Group = 15 ‘Minimum Tap ‘Maximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*kV) =100*10°6) (V3#220*10"3) 2.43. A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio = 262.43/400 =0.66.A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.66 52 Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*KV) =100*10%6/ (v3#132*10°3) =437.39.4‘Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV Sidey/CT Ratio =437.391/500 =0.8747 A Required Ratio Compensation = 10.8747 = LBA Caleulations for OLTC Nominal tap setting: Full load Current for 220 kV %6( HV Side) Winding at = =MVA/(v3*KV) =100* 10%6) (¥3*220410"34) 262.43 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 262.43 1400 = 0.656 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.656* 152 = 0.997 A ‘Compensated current intemally on HV =0.997 A. Rated Current (LV Side) =MVA / (3*KV) =100*106/ (V3*132*10°3) =437.39.4(Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT Ratio =437.39/500 = 0.8747 A Required Ratio Compensation = 100.8747 =L1M3A ‘Compensated current on LV = 0.8747 * 1.143 0.9993 Hence the differential current is = (0.9973 0.9993 ) = 0,002 A. Bias current = (1)+1,)/2 = (0.656+08747)/2 = 0.765 A {Since the bias current is less than 4 A and greater than 0.656 the slope will be within 30%) ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.3* (I yix-0.656) =0.2+ (03 "0.109) = 0.2324 Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.Calculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Full load Current for 400 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (V3#0.85*KV) =100* 10°6) (¥3*22040.85* 103) = 308.74. A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideY/CT Ratio = 308.74 1400 =O72A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal =0.72* 152 SLI8A ‘Compensated current intemally on HV =1.18 A. Hence the differential current is = (1.18- 1.0) = 018A Bias current = (IyLsy/2 (L1841)2 109A {Since the bias current is less than 4.A and greater than 0.656 the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be =1, + (0.3% (I jy.-0.656) =0.2+ (03 "0434 =0.33A Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA /(Y3*L.I*KV) =100* 10°6/ (¥3*22081.1*10°3) 2238.5 A (Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side/CT Ratio As the adopted ratio correction is 1 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.596 * 1.52 ‘Compensated current internally Differential current Bias current = (1413/2 = (0.905 +1)/2 952.4 {Since the bias current is less than 4.A und greater than 0.656 the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.3* (1 jyo-0.656) =0.2+ (0.3*(0.952- 0.656) =0.288ADifferential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable 2.9 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay DUOBIAS Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group HV volt LY voltage ‘Transformer percentage impedance: ‘Transformer vector group: OLTC Tap: +% — OLTC Tap: CT ratio and winding configuration HV side LY side AtNormal tap HV Side full load current = MVA /\3*kV ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) ‘Ni=Required ratio compensation = I/ let sec Assuming Relay current = 1A N1 is set om the relay Curtent on HY side = Current on CT secondary (HV)/ NIAt Normal tap low voltage side LY Side full load current = IVA /(13*KV) Current on CT Secondary let (LV) = Rated Current (LV Side) / CT Ratio (LV Side) N2=Required ratio compensation = I let see (LV) N2 is set on the relay (Current onLV side Current on CT secondary (LVYN2 At -% Tap HY side current = MVA / ((3"kV Where kV is the voltage corresponding to -% tap on HV side Current on CT Secondary = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) wit ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary curtent At Tap on +% HY side current = MVA / (V3*kV ) Where kV is the voltage corresponding to +% tap on HV side ‘Current on CT Secondary Iet (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) With ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary current Differential current at extreme taps Al-% tap =Laen At +% tap Tons = vtyOperating current of Relay T opening = Pickup setting + 0 * Bias Current if less than 0.656 Topeing = Pickup setting + (0.3 * Bias Current -0.656) if greater than 0.656 opening = Pickup setting + 0.7 * (Bias Curtent-4) + 0.374 Relay Operating current current is calculated using the above equation, For extreme taps the Ly and Iyus current are calculated., the pick up setting is chosen such that it will not operate for extreme taps. Differential protection characteristics for transformers: ‘Single Phase Biased Differential Characteristics creme oan» nasa ‘mus RESTRADE SME = (118) + 1221 + (Goniae sm Ot current over eineDifferential Relay Settings Calculations ‘Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Neemrana Relay Type: DUOBIAS Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers Differential Current Setting = 0.25 A ‘Transformer Name: CGL MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNaOdl CT Ratio (HV Side) = 400/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = S001 CT LY Side Vector Group = Star/Star Minimum Tap =-15 M jaximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) =100*10°6) (V3#220*10"3) =262.43. ACurrent on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio Rated Current (LY Side) = MVA / (Y3*kV) 100106" (13"132"10°3) 137.304 (Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT. =437.39/500 = 0.8747 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/0.8747 = 1.143 A Calculations for OLTC Nominal tap setting: Full load Current for 220 kV ( HY Side) Winding =MVA/(3**V) =100* 1056) (N3*220"10°3*) = 262.43 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio = 262.43 /400 = 0.656 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0,656 * 1.52* V3SLA ‘Compensated current intemally on HV = 1.727 A Rated Current (LV Side) =MVA / (3*kV) =100*10°6" (13*132*10°3) 437.39 A Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV Side¥CT Ratio =437.30/500 = 08747 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/0.8747 = 1.143 A ‘Compensated current on LV = 0.8747 * 1.143 =1 Hence the differential current is = 1-1) =0A Bias current = (41/2 +172 A [Since the bius current is less than 4 A und greater than 0.656 the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be =I, + (0.3% (1 jis) =0.2+(0341) =0.5ACalculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Full load Current for 400 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (13*0.85*KV) =100* 10%6) (43*220*0.85* 1093) = 308.743 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideY/CT Ratio = 308.743 /400 S074 As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal =0.771* 152 = 0.888 A ‘Compensated current intemally on HV =0.888 A Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3*KV) =100*1076/ (V3*132*10°3) =37.39.4 Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideWCT Ratio =437.39/500 = 08747 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/0.8747 = 1.143 A ‘Compensated current on LV = 0.874* 1.143= 0.998 A Hence the differential current is = (1.0-0.888) = 012A Bias current = (Iitly/2 = (0.888+1)/2 = 0.9444 {Since the bias current is less than 4 A and greater than 0.656 the slope will be within 30%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.3 (1 s4s-0.656) =0.2 + (0.3 *0.28) = 0.2844. l= 1.12 is less than I operating current = 0.284 A, hence Stable Differential curtent at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA / (V3*1.1*EV) =100* 106) (¥3*220"1.1*10°3) 238.5 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = ‘ated Current (HV Side)/CT Ratio = 2385 400 =0.564 As the adopted ratio correction is 1A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.56 * 1.52 ‘Compensated current internally = 0.8512 A‘Compensated current internally on LV = 0.85141. 143 =1A Hence the differential current is = 1-0,8512 = 0.1488 A, Bias current = (Iy413)/2 = (1 40,1488)2 =05744 [Since the bins current is less than 0,656 the slope will be zero. ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.3 (1 jyy-0.656) =0.2+(0.3*(0.574)) =02A Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.2.10 Procedure for Relay Setting of Transformer Differential Relay TUT61X/7UTSIX Data Required MVA Rating Voltage ratio Vector group HY voltage LY voltage ‘Transformer percentage impedance: ‘Transformer vector group: OLTC Tap: +% = OLTC Tap CT ratio and winding configuration HV side LY side, HV Side full load current MVA/\3*EV ‘Current on CT Secondary let (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) Nl=Required ratio compensation = 1/ let see Assuming Relay current = 1A N1 is set on the relayCurrent on HY sick Current on CT secondary (HV)/ NI AtNormal tap low volta, LY Side full load current= MV A / (3"KV) Current on CT Secondary Iet (LV) = Rated Current (LV Side) / CT Ratio (LV Side) N2=Required ratio compensation = 1/ let see (LV) N2 is set om the relay Current onLY side = Current on CT secondary (LVY/N2 At -% Tap HV side currer = MVA/(\34KV Where kV is the voltage corresponding to -% tap on HV side Current on CT Secondary = Rated Current (HV Side) / CT Ratio (HV Side) With ratio compensation ‘Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary curtent At Tap on +% HV side currer MVA/(V3*KV) Where kV is the voltage corresponding to +% tap on HV side ‘Current on CT Secondary let (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/ CT Ratio (HV Side) io compensation Current on CT Secondary =Ratio of compensation * CT secondary current ferential current at extreme taps At -% tayAt4% tap =Lum =Luv-liv Thine Inthe Operating current of Relay 1 oyeraing = Pickup setting + 0.25 * Bias Current if less than 2.54 | opeaing = Pickup setting + 0.25 * Bias Current +0.5 ( Bias current above 2.5 A ) Relay Operating current is calculated using the above equation. For extreme taps the yy and Ty. currentare calculated., the pick up setting is chosen such that it will not operate for extreme taps ‘Substation Name: 220 kV GSS Nagaur Relay Type: SIPROTECH 7UT61X Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers Differential Current Setting = WO ‘Transformer Name: BHEL -II MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 kV Rated Voltage in kV (HY Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNa0dI CT Ratio (HV Side) = 40/1 CT HY Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = 500/1CT LY Side Vector Group = Star/Star ‘Minimum Tap = -15 ‘Maximum Tap = +10 Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) =100*10°6) (V3*220"10"3) =262.43 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Curent (HY Side/CT Ratio = 262.43/400 =0.66.4 Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.66 =152 Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3#kV) =100* 1076" (v3*132*10°3) 437.39 A Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV Side CT Ratio =437.39/500 = 073A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.73, =LI4A Calculations for OLTC tap setting -10%Full load Current for 400 kV %( HV Side) Winding at -18% = MVA / (340.94KV) =100* 10°6) (¥3*22040.85* 103) = 308.74. A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY SideY/CT Ratio = 308.74 /400 =0.77A As the adopted ratio correction is 1,52 A the current to relay bias terminal 50.7" 152 ‘Compensated current intemally =1.18 A Hence the differential current is = 1.18 —1 = 018A Bias current = (I;+h) = (1.18 +1) 18 A, {Since the bias current is less than 2.5 A the slope will be within 25%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.5* Tis) $0.24 (0.25 *2.18) =074A Differential current at w tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here itis less than 90% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at +10% = MVA / (V3#1.1+KV) =100*10°6) (¥3#220#1.1410°3)= 238.5 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side /CT Ratio = 2385 1400 1.60.4 As the adopted ratio correction is 1.52 A the current to relay bias terminal = 0.60" 114 ‘Compensated current internally = 0.68 A Hence the differential current is = I~ 0.68 =022A Bias current = (I+) = (0.68 +1) = L68A {Since the bias current is less than 2.5 A the slope will be within 25%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.25* Lad =0.2+ (03 * 1.68) GA Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability. Here it is less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.2.11 Differential Relay Settings Calculations GE SR745 Relay Type: GE SR745 Required Data Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers MVA, Voltage Ratio Rated Voltage in kV (HY Side) Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) Vector Group CT Ratio (HV Side) CT HV Side Vector Group CT Ratio (LV Side) CTLY Side Vector Group Minimum Tap = - % Maximum Tap = +% Break point Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(/3*KV) Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideVCT Ratio Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT secondary (HV) Rated Current (LV Side) = MVA / (V3#&V)(Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideyCT Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ Current on CT Secondary (LY) Relay current on LV side Is = Current on CT secondary LV side * Ratio compensation for LV side Calculations for OLTC tap setting -% and +% Full load Current (- % or +% HV Side) = MVA /(\3*KV) ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HY Side)/CT Ratio Relay Current for HV side I,= Current on Ct secondary (HV)" Ratio compensation for HV side is calenlated for extreme transformer tips ‘The differential current is = ih Bias current I jy,, = Maximum of(1).h) Differential current I yr andl, is calculated foc extreme Transformer taps ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay = 1.4 Slope! * I sig for Ia, current less than Break point And I, + Slope*Break point + Slope2* (Iyi- Break point) for Iy,.current greater than Break point. Pick up setting is chosen such that the Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating current for better stability‘Sample Calculation of GE SR 745 ‘Substation Name : 220 kV GSS Khinwasar Relay Type: GE SR745 Ratings of the Power and Current Transformers ‘Transformer Name: EMCO MVA = 100 Voltage Ratio = 220/132 Rated Voltage in kV (HV Side) = 220 Rated Voltage in kV (LV Side) = 132 Vector Group = YNAQdI CT Ratio (HV Side) = 400/1 CT HV Side Vector Group = Star/Star CT Ratio (LV Side) = S001 CT LY Side Vector Group = Star/Star Minimum Tap =-15 Maximum Tap = +10 Break point: 1s=0.2, m Rated Current (HV Side) = MVA /(V3*KV) }00*10°6/ (v3*220*10°3)=262.4319. A ‘Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV Side)/CT Ratio = 262.4319/400 =0.65607 A 1/ 0.65607 Required Ratio Compensatio 5242 A Rated Current (LY Side) = MVA / (\3*KV) =100*10%6 (V3*132*10°3) =43738A Current on CT Secondary (LV) = Rated Current (LV SideVCT Ratio 437.38 1500 =0875 A Required Ratio Compensation = 1/ 0.875 13 A As the adopted ratio correction is 1.143 A the current to relay bias terminal 1875 * 1.143 A Calculations for OLTC tap setting -15% Fill load Current for 220 KV %( HY Side) Winding at -15% = MVA / (3#0.85*KV) 100106) (V34220%0.85*10%3) =308.743 A Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio= 308.743 400 0.77198 ‘As the adopted ratio correction is 1.5242 A the current to relay bias terminal 17719 * 1.5242 11.1764. Hence the differential current is = (1 =0.176A Bias currently, = Max(h, =(1.176,1) = L176 A, {Since the bias current is less than Break point the slope will be within 25%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.25* Lad =02 + (0.25 * 1.176) =0494 A, Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating curtent for better stability, Here its less than 90°% so the setting is acceptable. Calculations for OLTC tap setting +10% Full load Current for 220 kV %( HV Side) Winding at 110% = MVA / (¥3*1.15*kV) =100*10°6) ('3*220*1.1*10°3) =238.574A, Current on CT Secondary (HV) = Rated Current (HV SideV/CT Ratio = 238.574 4000.5964 A ‘As the adopted ratio correction is 1.5242 A the current to relay bias terminal =05964* 1.5242 1=0.909 A, Hence the differential current is= (I-13) = 1 -0.909 = 0.0091 A Bias current Iyas = Max(l, 12) = (1, 0.909) =1A {Since the bias current is less than Break point the slope will be within 25%] ‘Therefore the operating current of the relay will be = 1, + (0.25* Lia) =02+(0.25* 1) =045A Differential current at worst tap condition should not be more than 90% of operating curtent for better stability, Here its less than 90% so the setting is acceptable.