Verb patterns Phrasal verb without a noun Pronunciation — weak sounds / sentence stress Verb patterns 1. Going to work in Africa 1 Read the conversation between Alan and Betty. Underline the correct verb pattern. GOING TO WORK IN AFRICA Alan_I'm thinking of (1) apply/ applying for a job in East Africa, in Tanzania, Betty Really? I used (2) living/to live there, ‘A Tknow, I remember you (3) saying/to say. I'd like (4) asking to ask you about it, if that’s OK, B Go ahead. I'll do my best (5) remembering /to remember. was there en for two years but that was ten years ago. A. So, what was It like? B It was a great experience. | liked everything except the climate. I didn't enjoy (6) working /to work in the heat A Ah, L can’t help (7) worrying to worry about the heat, Was it really difficult (8) keep/to keep cool? B Not if you are lucky enough (9) having /to have air-conditioning, bbut we just had! fans. And we were on the coast, near Dares Salaam. and it’s really hot and humid there. Where is your job based? A Atown called Arusha, B Oh, very nice. That's much cooler, inland, near Mt Kilimanjaro. TH never forget (10) climbing to climb Kilimanjaro, A Oh, I'd love (11) doing/ to do that and go on safari. Did you manage (12) travet/ to travel round much? B Oh yes, we went to most of the big game parks - you know, like the Serengeti Plain and the Ngorongoro Crater ~ that was so huge it made ‘me (13) feel/to feel very small and the wildlife was fantastic, Once, on the Serengeti, a whole family of monkeys decided (14) playing /to play fn the roof of our car. We didn't dare (15) moving /move. \ A Which animals did you like best? , 7A ¥ Actually, I think it was the giraffes, [loved (16) watching/ watch the £4 way they raise their long necks to eat. Oh, and the lions, of course. \ Do you know that in Lake Manyara National Park the lions actually » ?) climb trees? 224. Really? ttall sounds so exciting. 'm definitely going to apply NN or te job. 1's been great (17) alk talking to yon B Give mea ring and let me (18) know /to know how you get on, A esa REI TTT EN 52 Unit 8 + No fear! N2 Listen and check. 3 Complete this résumé of the conversation with the verb in brackets in the correct form. Alan is thinking of (1) _applvig_(apply) fora job in Tanzania. He asks Betty (2) — (tell) him about it because she used (3) (live) there. She tries (4) (remember) what it was like. She says she found it difficult (5)__ (work) in the heat and the problem with (6) (live) ‘on the coast was that it was very hot and humid. However, she really enjoyed (7)____(go) on safari and loved (8) (visit) the game parks. She saw lions (9) (sleep) in trees and once lots of monkeys started (10) __ (play) on the roof of her car. Betty helped Alan (11) (make) up his mind about the job and he’s decided (12) (apply) for it. Hes promised (13) __(ring) Betty and let her (14) _ (Know) ifhe gets it. Verb patterns p99 2. -ing forms Complete the sentences with the -ing form of the verbs in the box. walk —giveup wonder. = mend work help wakeup find watch live 1 Ican’t help wondering what life in Africa will be like. too much TV is bad for your eyes. 3 P'llrepair your watch for you. 'm good at things. 4 a really good job these days is really difficult. 5. My children are afraid of _ wwe keep a light on at night. 6 Did you know that of exercise? 7 Thank you for in a big city can be very stressful. smoking is easy. I've done it hundreds in the dark, so is one of the best forms ‘me. I really appreciate it. of times! 10. Tearned a lot of money by overtime. 3. Infinitives with or without to ‘Complete the sentences with the infinitive form of the verbs in the box. buy pay follow join stay be carry learn hurt. show We cant afford topay_all our monthly bills. Its impossible Let me you how to do it. Tm so sorry, I didn't mean “The teacher made the children I want my children instrument. these instructions. your feelings. after school. to play a musical 7 Myson persuaded me phone. 8 Can you help me 9. ve invited Mr Smith 10. My parents have always encouraged me independent. the latest mobile this box upstairs? us after the meeting. Unit 8 + Nofear! 534 Which two are possible? Read the sentences. Which two verbs or phrases can fill the gap? 1 The teacher work in the future. @told @would like ¢ hopes 21 smoking when I was 21. a gaveup b couldnttafford ¢ started me to be more careful with my 3 She to help me paint the kitchen a enjoyed b promised ¢ offered 41 going to Sydney next year. a amlooking forwardto would love ¢ am thinking of 5. My father wwas seventeen, a let b wanted ¢ allowed me to have driving lessons when I 6 Tm____tohavea big party for my next birthday. a looking forward planning « hoping 7 We to find a parking place in the city centre. a tried b didn't manage ¢ succeeded 81 driving in the rush hour, a don'twant b cantstand ¢ loathe 5 Reporting verbs + infinitive Complete the lines and rewrite the sentences to mean the same, 1 ‘Please can you translate this sentence for me?” Maria said to Mark. Maria asked Mark to translate the sentence for her. 2 ‘Please, please marry me. I can't live without you} ‘Tom said to Mia. ‘Tom begged Using a dictionary Look at the extract from the Oxford Wordpower Dictionary. It shows all the possible verb patterns for the verb agree, agree /orid/ verb SHARE OPINION 1 |] agree (with sb/sth) ‘agree (that..) to have the same opinion as SBisth: think we should talk to the manager ‘bout this Yes, Lage» | opree wth Paul» Bo Sou agre that we should travel by train? » fm ‘afraid I dont agree (aa disagree SAVES 2 [i] agree (to sth/to do sth) to say yes To sth: asked my boss If! could go home early and she agreed.» Alki has agreed to end me his ‘ar for the weekend. se ARRANGE 3 [1,1] agree (to do sth); agree (on Sth) to make an arrangement or decie sth with Sb: They agreed to meet the following day.» Can we agree on a price? + We agreed a price of £500. APPROVE OF 4) agree with sth to think that sth is right: { don't agree with experiments on ‘nimals BE THE SAME 5] to be the same as sth: The bo accounts of the accident do ot agree. not agree with sb (used about food) to make sb fel il Lac Ord Wenge Deny eet Or ety Fes 05 Read the sentences and check with the extract. Is the verb pattern correct (V) or incorrect (X)? Rewrite the incorrect ones. 1 Alan thinks its too expensive, and I'm agree. 2 She thinks she’ right, but I'm not agree. I don't agree with you. All doctors agree that smoking is bad for your health. 3. ‘Dont run round the edge of the swimming pool or ‘you'll fall in} Mary said to her children. Mary warned 4. ‘Lwon't go to bed!” Bobby said. Bobby refused 5. ‘You should talk to your solicitor? Ben said to Bill. Ben advised 6 “Take that chewing gum out of your mouth immediately" the teacher said to Harry. The teacher ordered. 54 Unit 8 + No fear! 5 She thought we should go, and I agreed it. ‘They agreed talking about it again tomorrow.7 Adangerous moment 1. Read about Dennis Gibney’s dangerous moment. Complete the text with the correct words in the boxes. toaccompany taining togo not veryeasy let tose After (1) taining for ive years to be a doctor, Dennis Gibney was keen (2) more of the world, so he took a job in a hospital in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal. It was hard work, and after a couple of months the: hospital (3) him have a few days’ holiday. He decided that he'd like (4) into the jungle. This is (5) 10 do on your own, so he asked a Nepalese guide, Adesh, (6) him, washoping made carrying to protect was about to meeting ‘They set off at 6 o'clock one morning, with two elephants. ” their equipment. It was hot and humid, especially as Adesh had (8) Dennis buy special thick shoes and trousers (9) him from snakes Dennis (10) to see lots of wildlife, particularly tigers, because asa child he had always dreamed of ay. a tiger. His childhood dream (12)__ come true! 2 Complete the lines of conversation between Adesh and Dennis. It was aftemoon, and Adesh told Dennis not to expect to see any tigers because they usually ike to sleep in the heat of the day. However, suddenly, in the distance they saw one. Adesh, ‘ordered Dennis to keep very quiet. They crept nearer and found a dying deer, ying in the bushes ~ the tigers lunch, ‘They could no longer see the tiger but somehow they could {eel his presence, Dennis didn’t dare move or breathe. He looked up and found himself staring into a pair of large yellow eyes. The tiger roared and tried to grab his leg. Adesh, ‘managed to pull him away but they had no real chance of escaping, Then, incredibly, one of the elephants appeared. Itran at the tiger, which turned and fled They say elephants never forget, but Dennis and Adesh will certainly never forget that it was an elephant that saved their lives. oe a e f 8 h ‘Dont expect “Tigers usually “Ssshh! I told you “What's that ‘Tm afraid to in the bushes?” “Help! The tiger’ trying “We haven't a hope of. “The elephant’s managed to___ Listen and check.Phrasal verbs ¢ | eut | can mean end 8 Phrasal verb without a noun drop die fo 1 Complete the groups of sentences with the correct form of a phrasal verb from the box. out a up canmean more 1 Tve____with my flatmate because she’ so . : : messy and never tidies up. 1 Were going on a long drive. I'l fllup with petrol 3 tm of univer because he fund it 2. If we want to have a holiday this year, well have to too difficult. — 3 The fire because we didnt put enough 3 Were late! Ifyou don't welll miss the ood oa plane, 4. Tigers are killed for their skins. They're 4. Icarit hear you! Can you 2 in the wild 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe b down can mean less phrasal verbs in the box. holdon geen lookout show off tumup goof _—_shoparound__ checkin 1 Don't stop talking! 60 0n | I'm listening. 2. I thought they weren't coming, then they at 10.00p.m. Tm looking for a cheap flight, so Pll have to 4 He’ always talking about how wonderful he is Hes always 5. This meat smells awful. I thinks its 1 Iwant to lose weight, so I've the . enone et 6 | The glass is going to fall! Oops! 2 You're driving much too fast! Please 1 Too late, 3. My temperature was 42°, now its 39°, soit’ 7 You want his phone number? a second. I'll get it for you. 4. Stop getting so upset about things that don't matter. 8 The first thing to do when you arrive at an airport is 56 Unit 8 + No fear!Pronunciation 9 Weak sounds To geta natural rhythm in English, some ‘grammatical’ words are often unstressed. Look at the examples in the chart, [is are was were do did has have would can | a th he she it we you they that which at by for from in of on with ‘When they are unstressed, they are pronounced with a weak form. She's from /fram/ Scotland. Are /a/ you sure? Listen and repeat. ‘These words are only stressed when used at the end of a sentence, or for emphasis. Sentence stress The main stress in a phrase or sentence is on key information. Underline the key words in this phone conversation. Assistant Hello. Phoneaflght. Can |help you? Customer Yes, 'm looking fora flight to Pais. ‘A When would you tke to travel? CL was hoping to travel on Friday, at about 9.00 in the morning ‘A. OK. Do you want to travel from London? Yes, lease Ifyou can make it Heathrow, that would be great AL Right... 'm looking ata fight that leaves at 940. Would that be OK? That would be fine And when were you thinking of returning? Ie just a single | need, Can | pay for it now? ‘A Sure, Can you give me your creditcard details? €_ItSaVISAcard, number 0494 Listen and check key words. Find the unstressed words in the conversation in Exercise 1, and write a /a/ symbol above them, Practise reading the conversation aloud. You will only have time to repeat the lines if you say the weak sounds naturally! Listening 10 Interview with a stuntwoman 1 Carla Simpson is a stuntwoman in the movies. Which of the following activities do you think are a regular part of a stuntwoman’ job? [Y| falling from high buildings [_] fire work CO dtivingambutences 1] hand fighting 1 using weapons CO eeessing up (1 falling off horses C1 climbing trees CO acting C1 driving Listen to the interview with her and check. 2. Answer the questions 1 Who did the stunts for women in the past? 2. Why are stuntwomen very much in demand these days? 3. Why did Carla’ tutor tell her to try stuntwork? 4 What does Carla think is most important in making stunts safe? 5. Why can't they let actors do stunts? 6 What scares Carla the most in life? 3. Complete the lines from the interview with the correct form of the verb in brackets, 1... Carla Simpson, who's succeeded in (become) one of Hollywood’ top stuntwomen. 2 But of course we expect women ____(do) the stunts these days, 3. And had you always planned _ stuntwoman? (become) a 4... [remember (climb) trees and (jump) off high walls when I was very young. 5 You often get hurt, even on simple stunts, which is why they car’t let the actors (do) them. Listen again and check.Vocabulary crossword 2 Use the clues to complete the crossword. All these words and expressions have appeared in Units 5-8. ‘ACROSS 1 Scientists are sure well___life on other planets soon. (8) 5 The mark that stays on your skin after youve cut yourselfisa__. (4) 9. Andy isnt a real vegetarian ~ he___fsh. (4) ove curry ~in fact, ke all hot and_ Mexican food. (5) 12 These loners are gorgeous! Let me fnda__to put them in. (4) 1 ome tothe talk on philosophy, but think t might over my head! (2) 16 Do you wear smart or __clates at wok? (6) 18 1 take these painkler for any kind of ___or pain 4) 19, Mao Zedong came froma very —_ part of Chia, (6 1 Has imma got straight or _ ha? (5) B_InGreece you can lie onthe beach and visit ancient __in the same dy. (5) 24 Atthe end ofa sucessful performance the audience will. (4) 26 Itwas supposed to cost £60, but gota 10% _, 501 paid 72 (8) 29 A ‘Would piza be __ for dinner? 2) 8 ‘Sue that would be great! 30 | think governments should take stronger action against global warming Burt until then, we can each ou bit, 2) 1. Allthese televisions come witha Syear__.(9) 3 Aneleprantsnoseisaleda__ (5) 38 mafraid Carol and just dont se eye _ ee on most things. (2) 39 ifyouare unaiadof anythin, you are. 8) 40 Harry Potter andthe Deathly Hallows ——_outin 2007.) 42 Football iscalled soccer in North America to___it from American football) DOWN 1A ‘Tmexpectinga baby’ v 8 ‘Congratulations! When isit__?"Q) A. September’ 20 2 Danis so excite this week He__off on his ound the world 2 journey next wee, 4 x 3 WeVe spent €100 petrol this week! (2) 5 4 Pamissucha relaxed person she realy going (4) a 6 vetried to__ my phobia of dogs, but ve never had any es success. (4) 7 This house sa bit of arin, but wete gong to__ tits orignal x condition.) 8 Thereis alvaysa lot of ___between football teams fom A the same city) 5 10 Tdlove to have aablein my kichen, but woudtake yptoomuch 3p — 1B. Sandra could bea sypermodelif she wanted ~ she’ 0 tll 7 and. (4 o 15 To__ means to puta new product on the market (6) i: 58 Unit 8 + Vocabulary Crossword 2 Pe Pe be ps he Pr pe ee a 7) pe PT rm ae ie The advert sid the views from the hotel would be good — infact theyte absolutely _1(8) It's very, very small ~ its absolutely. (4) ‘At 5, 000 metres above sea-level you can die from _ of oxygen. (4) ‘What’ your attitude __ space touris2(2) ‘A__Isan friendly informal conversation usually between fiends. (4) Busy rch people sometimes employ ___ to lookafter their children. (7) ‘On your hand you havea thurnb, and on you foot you have a big 6) Ie got o many __and so litle money, but 'l have to start paying people back soon. (5) o you think polar bears wil lly become ___ during ths century? (7) {sleep ina___. mon top, and my younger sister is underneath: (7) Living to hundred will __the norm within fifty years (2) Computers are already more powerful than the human (8) This hotel is so dirt, think we should kice up a__. Where's the manager? (8) We eat together___a family every evening (2)