HCIA Cloud Computing V4.0 Lab Guide

HCIA-Cloud Computing Training Courses
HCIA-Cloud Computing
Lab Guide
Version: 4.0
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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HCIA-Cloud Computing V4.0 Lab Guide
Contents
About This Document .................................................................................................... 7
1 Lab Environment Introduction .................................................................................. 8

1.1 Lab Environment ............................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.2 Devices in Lab Environments ..................................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Software and Tools ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.4 Lab Networking .............................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.5 Switch Configuration Reference ............................................................................................................................... 9
2 Installing FusionCompute ........................................................................................ 10

2.1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Manually Installing the CNA Nodes and Installing the VRM Node Using a Tool ................................. 10
2.2.1 Installing the CNA Nodes Using an Image...................................................................................................... 10
2.2.2 Installing the VRM Node Using a Tool.............................................................................................................. 20
2.3 Logging In to FusionCompute ................................................................................................................................ 27
3 FusionCompute Resource Configuration ............................................................... 30

3.1 Configuring Hosts ....................................................................................................................................................... 30
3.1.1 Adding a Host............................................................................................................................................................ 30
3.1.2 Binding Network Ports to Hosts ......................................................................................................................... 33
3.2 Configuring Network Resources ............................................................................................................................ 37
3.2.1 Creating a DVS .......................................................................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 Adding an Uplink...................................................................................................................................................... 39
3.2.3 Adding a VLAN Pool................................................................................................................................................ 40
3.2.4 Creating Port Groups .............................................................................................................................................. 40
3.3 Configuring Storage Resources .............................................................................................................................. 44
3.3.1 Adding a Storage Port ............................................................................................................................................ 44
3.3.2 Adding Storage Resources .................................................................................................................................... 47
3.3.3 (Optional) Scanning a Storage Device .............................................................................................................. 51
3.3.4 Adding a Data Store ................................................................................................................................................ 52

4 Creating and Configuring VMs ................................................................................ 57

4.1 Creating VMs ................................................................................................................................................................. 57
4.1.1 Creating a Bare VM .................................................................................................................................................. 57
4.1.2 Installing the OS (Only for Trial Use) ................................................................................................................. 61
4.2 Deleting VMs ................................................................................................................................................................. 64
4.3 Importing and Configuring VMs ............................................................................................................................ 66
4.3.1 Importing a VM......................................................................................................................................................... 66
4.3.2 Mounting, Installing, and Unmounting Tools................................................................................................. 69
4.4 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template ................................................................................................................ 72
4.4.1 Creating a VM Template ........................................................................................................................................ 72
4.4.2 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template............................................................................................................. 75
4.5 Changing VM Specifications .................................................................................................................................... 80
4.5.1 Hot Adding a CPU .................................................................................................................................................... 80
4.5.2 Hot Adding Memory ............................................................................................................................................... 81
4.5.3 Expanding Disk Capacity........................................................................................................................................ 82
4.5.4 Adding a NIC.............................................................................................................................................................. 84
4.6 Configuring Object Rights for a VM ..................................................................................................................... 89
5 Scenario 1: VM Disk Operations .............................................................................. 91

5.1 Scenario Description ................................................................................................................................................... 91
5.2 Process ............................................................................................................................................................................. 91
5.3 Procedure........................................................................................................................................................................ 91
5.3.1 Creating a Disk .......................................................................................................................................................... 91
5.3.2 Attaching a Disk ........................................................................................................................................................ 94
5.3.3 Formatting a Disk ..................................................................................................................................................... 96
5.3.4 Live Migrating a VM ................................................................................................................................................ 98
5.3.5 Creating and Restoring a VM Snapshot ........................................................................................................ 103
6 Scenario 2: DRS Rule Group for a Cluster ............................................................ 109

6.1 Scenario Description ................................................................................................................................................ 109
6.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 110
7 Scenario 3: High Availability (HA)......................................................................... 119

7.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 119
8 Scenario 4: Security Groups ................................................................................... 122

8.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 123
9 Scenario 5: Common O&M Operations ............................................................... 126

9.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 127
9.2.1 Viewing, Clearing, and Masking Alarms ........................................................................................................ 127
9.2.2 Adding Roles and Users ...................................................................................................................................... 128
9.2.3 Configuring a Password Policy ......................................................................................................................... 130
9.2.4 Managing Licenses ............................................................................................................................................... 131
9.2.5 Manually Backing Up Management Data ..................................................................................................... 132

About This Document
Overview
This document is intended for trainees taking the HCIA-Cloud Computing certification
training courses. It provides cloud computing and virtualization basics, and also
introduces you to the architecture and features of Huawei's virtualization product.
1 Lab Environment Introduction
1.1 Lab Environment

This lab environment is intended for cloud computing engineers who are preparing for
HCIA-Cloud Computing. Each environment includes one server and one switch. Each
environment can support hands-on experience by five trainees at the same time.
1.2 Devices in Lab Environments

To meet the HCIA-Cloud Computing lab requirements, you are advised to use the
following configurations in each lab environment:
The following table lists the devices required.
Device Model Quantity
Server RH1288V5 1
Switch S5700 1
1.3 Software and Tools

This lab allows to you install and experience FusionCompute R6.3.1. You will need to
use the following tools:
 FusionCompute 6.3
 CentOS 7.3
 PuTTY
 VNC-viewer
 WinSCP
1.4 Lab Networking
1.5 Switch Configuration Reference

Configure the switch connecting the CNA nodes as follows:
port link-type hybrid

port hybrid pvid vlan 17
port hybrid tagged vlan 16 18
port hybrid untagged vlan 17
2 Installing FusionCompute
2.1 Objectives
This chapter describes how to install FusionCompute R6.3.1.
FusionCompute installation process:
Method 1: Use a tool to install the CNA and VRM nodes.
Method 2: Use an image to install the CNA node and use a tool to install the VRM
node. (This document uses this method.)
Method 3: Use an image to install both the CNA and VRM nodes.
2.2 Manually Installing the CNA Nodes and Installing the

VRM Node Using a Tool
2.2.1 Installing the CNA Nodes Using an Image

Step 1 Log in to the host installation window.
Use the VNC tool to log in to the CNA host. Obtain the IP address and port number of
the host from the administrator.
Step 2 Start to install the CNA host.

Select Install within 30 seconds after the welcome page is displayed, and press Enter.
If the time out, please sent Ctrl+Alt+Del to the VM and let it reboot, in the process of
rebooting, Please ESC for boot menu, and select DVD/CD as a boot device.
Step 3 Configure the host.

Configure the disk information.
Press the up or down arrow key to select Hard Drive, and then press Enter.
Press the up or down arrow key to select the disk where the operating system is to be
installed.
After you select OK, a dialog box is displayed. Click Yes.
Configure the host network information.
Press the up or down arrow key to select Network, and then press Enter.
Select a NIC and press Enter.
Configure the host network information (set the management plane VLAN).
Press the up or down arrow key to move to Manual address configuration and press
the space bar.
Press the Tab key to configure the following network addresses:
IP Address: 192.168.17.10
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
(For the address planning, contact the administrator or trainer.)
After the configuration is complete, click OK.
Set the gateway of the management plane to 192.168.17.254, and then select OK.
Configure the host name.
Press the up or down arrow key to select Hostname, and then press Enter.
Change HostName to CNA01. (Set the hostname of the other server to CNA02 based
on the planning.)
Set the time zone.
Press the up or down arrow key to select Timezone, and then press Enter. Change the
time zone to Asia/Beijing and press Tab to select OK.
Set the password. It is the root password for logging in to the operating system of the
CNA node.
Press the up or down arrow key to select Password, and press Enter. Change the
password to Cloud12#$ and press Tab to select OK.
Step 4 Install the host

Use the up or down arrow key or the Tab key to select OK to start installing the host.
A confirm message is displayed. Select YES.

The operating system is automatically installed on the host.
Step 5 Repeat the preceding steps to install the other host CNA02. The network
address information is as follows:
IP Address: 192.168.17.20
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
To ensure system security, you are not allowed to log in to the host using Secure Shell
(SSH) as the root user after host installation. Instead, you can log in to the host using
SSH as user gandalf. You can then switch to the root user when necessary. The default
password of the gandalf user is IaaS@OS-CLOUD9!.
----End
2.2.2 Installing the VRM Node Using a Tool

This section describes how to install a single VRM node on CNA01 using a tool.
Step 1 Decompress the FusionCompute installation tool.

Right-click and choose FusionCompute 6.3.1_Installer.zip from the shortcut menu to
decompress it to the FusionCompute 6.3.1_Installer folder. Run
FusionComputeInstaller.exe in the FusionCompute 6.3.1_Installer folder.
Step 2 The installation preparation page is displayed. Set Language and select
FusionCompute and then VRM under Components, as shown in the
following figure.
Step 3 Select Typical Mode.

Step 4 Select Installation package path. (The path cannot contain Chinese
characters or special characters.)
Step 5 Click Verify and wait until the check is complete.
Step 6 Click Next. The Install VRM page is displayed.

Step 7 Click Next. The Configure VRM page is displayed. Configure the VRM node.
(Obtain IP address planning from administrator or trainer.)
Step 8 Click Next. The Choose Host page is displayed. Click Install VRM. Wait until
the VRM installation is complete. The estimated time is 45 minutes.
Step 9 After the installation succeeds, click Next.

Click Finish.
----End
2.3 Logging In to FusionCompute

Step 1 In the address box of the browser, enter the VRM management IP address.
Step 2 Add a security exception.
Step 3 Use the default user name admin and password IaaS@PORTAL-CLOUD8! to
log in to FusionCompute.
Step 4 Change the initial password to HCIA@123 upon the first login.
Click OK.
----End
3 FusionCompute Resource
Configuration
3.1 Configuring Hosts
3.1.1 Adding a Host

Prepare the data needed to add hosts, including host parameters. (A host has been
added during VRM installation. Now add another to the cluster created by the
system.)
Type Parameter Description Example Value
Host Item Specifics the host name. This CNA02

parameter is mandatory.
IP Address Specifies the management IP 192.168.17.20

address of the host. This parameter
is mandatory.
Type Parameter Description Example Value
Description Provides an additional description

of the host. This parameter is
optional.
BMC IP Address Specifies the BMC IP address. This 192.168.16.2

parameter is optional.
User Name Specifies the BMC user name. This root

Password Specifies the BMC password. This Huawei2#$

Step 1 In the left navigation tree on FusionCompute, click . The Resource Pools
page is displayed. Right-click the cluster name ManagementCluster
(automatically created by the system) to which you want to add a host, and
choose Add Host.
Step 2 The Add Host page is displayed. Add the host information and BMC
information as follows, and click Next.
Step 3 Confirm the host information and click Confirm.
Step 4 Wait until the CNA02 host icon changes from red to blue, indicating that
the CNA02 host is added successfully.
----End
3.1.2 Binding Network Ports to Hosts

page is displayed. Click the Host tab, and click the host name CNA01 to
which you want to bind a network port.
Step 2 On the displayed page, click the Configuration tab. Choose Network >
Aggregate Port, and select Mgnt_Aggr (automatically created by the
system) from the Aggregate Port list. The physical NIC that has been added
to the aggregate port is displayed in the Physical NIC list, which is the
default physical NIC added when the host is added.
Step 3 Click Add Network Port. On the Add Network Port page that is displayed,
select other physical NICs to be added and click Confirm.
Step 4 The Aggregate Port configuration page is displayed. Refresh and view the
Physical NIC list of the aggregate port Mgnt_Aggr.
Step 5 Click Bind Network Port in the upper part of the page. The Bind Network
Port page is displayed.
Step 6 On the Bind Network Port page, set Binding Mode to Active-backup, select
the physical NIC to be added to the aggregate port Storage, and click
Confirm.
Step 7 The Aggregate Port configuration page is displayed. Refresh and view the
Physical NIC list of the aggregate port Storage.
Step 8 Refresh and view the aggregate ports added to the Aggregate Port list on
the upper part of the page.
Step 9 Repeat the preceding steps to bind ports to CNA02.

----End
3.2 Configuring Network Resources
3.2.1 Creating a DVS

After FusionCompute is installed, the system automatically creates a default DVS
ManagementDVS, and automatically adds an uplink Mgnt_Aggr. This section describes
how to create a new DVS.
page is displayed. Click Network. On the displayed page, click Create DVS.
Step 2 On the Create DVS page, configure the following information and click Next.
(You can select Add Uplinks and Add VLAN Pool if necessary. In this
example, they are not selected.)
Step 3 On the confirmation page, verify the information and then click Confirm.
Step 4 The Network page is displayed. View the newly created DVS in the DVS list.
----End
3.2.2 Adding an Uplink

Step 1 In the DVS list, select the row that contains ManagementDVS, click the
Uplink Group tab, and click Add.
Step 2 On the Add Uplinks page, expand CNA02, select the port to be added as an
uplink, and click Confirm.
Step 3 The Uplink Group list is displayed. View the added uplink.
----End
3.2.3 Adding a VLAN Pool

Step 1 Locate the row that contains ManagementDVS, click the VLAN Pool tab,
and click Add.
Step 2 On the Add VLAN Pool page, enter Start VLAN ID and End VLAN ID and
click Confirm.
Step 3 The VLAN Pool list of ManagementDVS is displayed. View the added VLAN
pool.
----End
3.2.4 Creating Port Groups

Step 1 Locate the row that contains ManagementDVS, click the Port Group tab,
and click Add.
Step 2 On the Add Port Group page, set the basic information about the port
group, set Port Type to Access, and click Next.
Step 3 Add the VLAN ID corresponding to the port group.

The VLAN ID must be within the VLAN Pool range. Click Next.
Step 4 On the confirmation page, verify the information and click Confirm.
Step 5 Open the Add Port Group page again, and then add another port group
whose Port Type is Trunk.
Step 6 Enter a VLAN ID.
Step 8 The Port Group list of ManagementDVS is displayed. View the newly added
port groups.
----End
3.3 Configuring Storage Resources
3.3.1 Adding a Storage Port

page is displayed. Click the host where the storage port is to be added, click
the Configuration tab and choose Network > Logical Interface. Click Add
Storage Port. The Add Storage Port page is displayed.
Step 2 On the Port Binding page, associate the storage port with an aggregate
port, and click Next.
Step 3 On the Connection Settings page, set connection parameters and click
Next.
Step 5 Switch back to the Logical Interface page and check information about the
logical interface.
Step 6 Repeat the preceding steps to add a storage port for host CNA02.
----End
3.3.2 Adding Storage Resources

Step 1 On the Resource Pools page, choose Storage. On the storage configuration
page that is displayed, click the Storage Resources tab.
Step 2 Click Add Storage Resource. On the Add Storage Resource page, set the
storage resource parameters, set Type to NAS, select Associate Host, and
click Next.
Obtain the storage IP address from the administrator or trainer.
Step 3 On the Associate Host page, select hosts to be associated with the NAS
storage resource and click Next.
Step 4 On the confirmation page, verify the information, select Scan Storage
Device, and click Confirm.
Step 5 Switch back to the Storage Resources tab page. Refresh the page and view
the added NAS storage resource.
Step 6 Click Add Storage Resource to add an IP SAN storage resource. On the Add
Storage Resource page, set Type of IPSAN, configure the required
parameters, select Associate Host, and click Next.
Obtain the management IP address and storage IP address from the administrator or
trainer.
Step 7 Select the hosts to be associated with the IP SAN storage resource and click
Next.
Step 8 On the confirmation page, verify the information, select Scan Storage
Device, and click Confirm.
Step 9 Switch back to the Storage Resources tab page. Refresh the page and view
the added IP SAN storage resource.
----End
3.3.3 (Optional) Scanning a Storage Device

If you do not select Scan Storage Device when adding storage resources, perform the
following steps. Otherwise, you can directly view the storage device list on the Storage
Device tab page.
Step 1 On the storage configuration page, click the Storage Device tab. The
Storage Device page is displayed.
Step 2 Click Scan. On the Scan Storage Device page, select the hosts to be scanned.
The scanning takes about 1 minute. After the scanning is complete, refresh the page
and check whether available storage devices are detected. The following figure shows
the scanning result.
----End
3.3.4 Adding a Data Store

Step 1 On the storage configuration page, click the Data Store tab. The Data Store
page is displayed.
Step 2 Click Add Data Store. On the Select Storage Device page, select the NAS
storage where the data store resides and click Next.
Step 3 On the Add Data Store page, set Name to DataStore_01, select the two
hosts to be associated with the data store, and click Next.
Step 5 Switch to the Data Store tab page, click Add Data Store. On the Select
Storage Device page, select the IP SAN storage where the data store resides
and click Next.
Step 6 On the Add Data Store page, set Name to DataStore_02 and Storage Mode
to Virtualization, select the two hosts to be associated with the data store,
and click Next.
Step 7 In the Information dialog box, click Confirm.

Step 9 Switch back to the Data Store tab page, click Refresh Data Store, and check
the data stores added to the data store list.
----End
4 Creating and Configuring VMs
4.1 Creating VMs
4.1.1 Creating a Bare VM

page is displayed. Choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster to select
the cluster of the VM to be created.
Step 2 Right-click ManagementCluster and choose Create VM. The Create VM

page is displayed.
Step 3 On the Select Creation Mode page, click Create VM and click Next to create
a bare VM.
Step 4 On the Basic Information page, perform the following operations:

Click Select next to Set Compute Resource, select the host where the VM is located (for
example, CNA01), and click Confirm. Set OS and OS Version (CentOS 7.3 64-bit is used)
and click Next.
Step 5 On the Select Data Store page, select the data store to be run and click Next.
Step 6 On the Configure VM page, configure VM hardware specifications.

Expand Disk 1, set Configuration Mode to Thin provisioning, retain the default settings
for other parameters, and click Next.
Step 8 Switch back to the Resource Pools page. In the navigation pane, choose
Resource Pools > ManagementCluster and click the name of the newly
created bare VM. On the Summary page, the VM status changes to
Running.
----End
4.1.2 Installing the OS (Only for Trial Use)

Step 1 In the navigation pane, click the VM name. Click the Configuration tab and
choose Management > Options. In the Boot Device area, set Boot Device to
CD/DVD-ROM and click Confirm.
Step 2 On the Configuration tab page, choose Hardware > CD/DVD-ROM Drive
Unmounted. On the displayed page, set Mount CD/DVD-ROM Drive Type to
Mount Local CD/DVD-ROM Drive and click Confirm.
Step 3 On the CD/DVD-ROM drive management page, select File(*.iso), click

Browse on the right side of File(*.iso) to select the image file, and mount
the ISO image to the VM. Select Restart the VM now to install the OS and
click Confirm.
Do not close this page while using the image. Otherwise, the VM OS will fail to be
installed.
Step 4 Switch back to the Summary page. Click Log In Using VNC. In the displayed
window, install the OS as instructed. (You only need to know the overall
software installation process, instead of all detailed steps.)
Step 5 On the CD/DVD-ROM drive on a client page, click Unmount CD/DVD-ROM

Drive to unmount the CD/DVD-ROM drive.
----End
4.2 Deleting VMs

page is displayed. Right-click the name of the VM to be deleted, choose
Delete > Safely Delete, and click Confirm.
Step 2 Refresh the page and check whether the VM is deleted.

4.3 Importing and Configuring VMs
4.3.1 Importing a VM
Step 1 On the Resource Pools page, right-click Resource Pools and choose
Import > Import VM.
Step 2 On the Import Template page, select Import from Local PC, click Select next
to Template Path to select the path of the template VM, and click Next.
Step 3 Configure the VM by performing Step 4 to Step 6 in section 4.1.1 "Creating a

Bare VM". (Retain the default settings and click Next.) On the Customize OS
page, deselect Generate Initial Password and click Next.
Step 5 The Import VM page is displayed. After Import VM task submitted

successfully is displayed, close the page.
Step 6 In the left navigation tree on FusionCompute, view the imported VM in the
VM list.
----End
4.3.2 Mounting, Installing, and Unmounting Tools

Step 1 On the Resource Pools page, choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster.
Right-click the name of the imported VM, and choose Tools > Mount Tools.
Click Confirm.
Step 2 On the Summary page, click Log In Using VNC.

Step 3 Log in to the VNC window of the VM as user root and install Tools.
Open the CLI and run the following commands to mount the virtual DVD-ROM drive
to a folder:
mkdir /etc/Tools
mount /dev/sr0 /etc/Tools
cd /etc/Tools
Run the following commands to copy the vmtools-2xxx.tar.bz2 file to the created
folder and decompress it:
cp vmtools-2xxx.tar.bz2 /root
cd /root
tar –xjvf vmtools-2xxx.tar.bz2
Run the following commands to access the Tools installation directory and install
Tools:
cd vmtools
./install
If information similar to the following is displayed, the Tools installation is complete. In

this case, restart the VM as prompted.
reboot
Step 4 After the VM is restarted, switch back to the Summary page. The status of
Tools is Running
page is displayed. Right-click the VM name, choose Tools > Unmount Tools,
and click Confirm.
----End
4.4 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template
4.4.1 Creating a VM Template

Step 1 On the Summary tab page, click Log In Using VNC.
Log in to the VNC window of the VM as user root, open the CLI, and run the following
command to open the VM network configuration file:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Step 2 Modify the following parameters in the configuration file and enter :wq to
save the change and exit.
Step 3 Run the following command to restart the network service:
systemctl restart network.service
Step 4 Test the network configuration.
Run the ip addr command to check whether the network configuration takes effect.
Run the ping 192.168.17.254 command to check whether the network configuration is
correct.
Step 5 On the Resource Pools page, choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster.
Right-click the VM name, choose Power > Stop, and click Confirm to stop
the VM.
Step 6 On the Summary tab page, wait for the VM status to change to Stopped.
Then, in the navigation pane, right-click the VM name, choose Template >
Convert to Template, and click Confirm.
Step 7 In the navigation pane, expand VM Template to view the newly converted
VM template.
----End
4.4.2 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template

Step 1 On the Resource Pools, choose Resource Pools > VM Template, right-click
the VM template name and choose Deploy VM Using Template.
Step 2 Complete the basic configuration of the VM Linux_01

Configure parameters on the Basic Information and Configure VM pages. For details,
see Step 4 to Step 6 in section 4.1.1 "Creating a Bare VM ".
Step 3 Click Next. On the Customize OS page, set VM Attributes to Customize

using the Customization Wizard.
Expand Customize Attributes and specify Computer Name and Administrator

Password (for example, HCIA@123).
Expand NIC Settings and configure NIC information for the VM. (IP Address/Subnet
Mask: 192.168.17.31/24, Default Gateway: 192.168.17.254)
Step 4 Click Next. On the confirmation page, verify the information and click
Confirm. The VM Linux_01 is deployed.
Step 5 Repeat the preceding steps to deploy VM Linux_02 on host CNA02. The IP
Address/Subnet Mask: 192.168.17.32/24, Default Gateway: 192.168.17.254.
Step 6 After the VMs are deployed, view the newly deployed VMs in the navigation
pane.
Step 7 Right-click the name of the target VM, choose Power > Start, and click
Confirm to start the VM.
Step 8 Start VM Linux_02. For details, see Step 7.

----End
4.5 Changing VM Specifications
4.5.1 Hot Adding a CPU

page is displayed. Click the target VM, click the Configuration tab, and
choose Hardware > CPU.
Step 2 Click + next to Number of Cores to change Number of Cores to 2, and click
Confirm.
Step 3 Log in to the VM as user root using VNC and run the following command to
check the number of CPUs on the VM:
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq –c
The number of CPUs on the VM is 2.
----End
4.5.2 Hot Adding Memory

choose Hardware > Memory.
Step 2 Click + next to Memory to change Memory to 2 GB, and click Confirm.
Step 3 Log in to the VM as user root using VNC and run the following command to
check the VM memory size.
cat /proc/meminfo
The total memory of the VM is close to 2 GB.
---End
4.5.3 Expanding Disk Capacity

choose Hardware > Disk.
Step 2
Step 3 In the disk list, locate the row that contains the target disk, click More, and
choose Adjust Capacity.
Step 4 On the Adjust Capacity page, set Capacity (GB) to 6 and click Save.
Step 5 Refresh the disk list and view the disk capacity.
----End
4.5.4 Adding a NIC

page is displayed. Click the target VM, click the Configuration tab, choose
Hardware > NIC, and click Add NIC.
Step 2 On the Add NIC page, retain the default NIC settings, set DVS to
ManagementDVS, select VLAN 16 created in section 3.2.4 "Creating Port
Groups", and click Confirm.
Step 3 Refresh the page and view the newly added NIC in the VM NIC list.
Step 4 Configure an IP address for the added NIC.

Run the required command, as shown in the following figure.
Modify the configuration file, as shown in the following figure.
After the modification, press Esc, enter :wq, and press Enter.
Run the required command to restart the network service, as shown in the following
figure.
Use the NIC to ping the gateway and check whether the network is normal.
Step 5 Change the port group used by the new NIC to VLAN16-2.
Switch back to the VM NIC configuration page, click More of the new NIC, and choose
Modify Port Group.
In the Modify Port Group dialog box, select a new port group and click Confirm.
Ping the IP address of the NIC again. It is found that the network connection is
abnormal.
The cause for the abnormal network connection is that the port group type changes
from Access to Trunk. Differences between Access and Trunk need to be illustrated
based on the content in the training materials.
Step 6 (Optional) Add a new configuration to restore the network to the normal
state in trunk mode.
Modify the configuration file of the new NIC and delete the IP address.
Run the ip link add link eth1 name eth0.16 type vlan id 16 command to add NIC
eth0.16 tagged with VLAN 16.
Run the ip addr add 192.168.16.31/24 brd 192.168.16.255 dev eth0.16 command to
configure an IP address for the NIC.
Run the p link set dev eth0.16 up command to start the new NIC.
After the configuration is complete, run the service network restart command to
restart the network service.
Ping the gateway again and check the result.

----End
4.6 Configuring Object Rights for a VM

page is displayed. Click the target VM, click the Configuration tab, choose
Management > Options. In the Configure Object Rights area, click
Configure Object Rights.
Step 2 On the Configure Object Rights page, select the permission to be disabled,
for example, Delete VM, and click Confirm.
page is displayed. Right-click the VM name and choose Delete to see if the
VM can be deleted. If Delete is dimmed, the corresponding function is
unavailable.
5 Scenario 1: VM Disk Operations
5.1 Scenario Description

Huawei's virtualization product uses a variety of VM disks of different modes. What
are their functions? How are they used? This lab will answer these questions for you.
This section describes the service scenarios of VM disks of different types and modes.
5.2 Process
1. Create disks of different types and modes.
2. Mount the created disks to Linux_01 and Linux_02.
3. Perform functional tests.
5.3 Procedure
5.3.1 Creating a Disk

page is displayed. Choose Resource Pools > Storage. In the pane on the
right, click Data Store and then click the row that contains the data store
where the disk to be created locates. On the Disk List tab page, click Create
Disk.
Step 2 On the Create Disk page, configure the basic disk information, set Type to
Shared, and click Confirm.
Step 3 Create Disk_02 and Disk_03 by referring to Step 1 and Step 2 while
configuring the disk information as follows:
Switch back to the Disk List tab page and view the newly created disks.
Question: Compare the occupied spaces of Disk_01 (or Disk_02) and Disk_03. What
are the differences between common and thin provisioned disks?
----End
5.3.2 Attaching a Disk

Step 1 In the navigation pane, choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster and
click the target VM. In the pane on the right, choose Configuration >
Hardware > Disk.
Step 2 Click Attach Disk. On the displayed page, select the Disk_01 disk and click
Confirm.
Step 3 Repeat Step 2 to attach Disk_02. On the Attach Disk tab page, check the
disks attached to the VM.
Step 4 Repeat Step 1 and Step 3 to attach Disk_01 and Disk_03 to Linux_02.
The VM disk list is as follows:
Question: Compare Disk_01 and Disk_02 (Disk_03). What are the differences between
common and shared disks?
----End
5.3.3 Formatting a Disk

Step 1 Log in to the VM as the root user using VNC and perform the following
operations to format the Disk_01 disk:
Run the fdisk command to create the Test1 partition.
fdisk /dev/vdb
n
p
Press Enter three times.
w
Run the mkfs command to format the new partition.
mkfs –t ext3 /dev/vdb1
Step 2 Mount the new partition to a new directory.

Create the Test1 directory in /tmp.
cd /tmp
mkdir Test1
Run the mount command to mount the /dev/vdb1 disk partition to the /tmp/Test1
directory.
mount /dev/vdb1 /tmp/Test1

Run the following command to check the mounted disk partition /dev/vdb1.
df –Th
Step 3 Go to the mount directory, create a test file, and check whether the file can
be read and written.
cd /tmp/Test1
touch test1.txt
ll
Echo this is test file > test1.file
cat test1.file
Check whether the operation is successful.
If the information above is displayed, the disk can be read and written after being
formatted.
Step 4 Repeat the preceding steps to format Disk_02 and Disk_03, mount them to
/tmp/Test2 and /tmp/Test3 of the VM, and create test files test2.file and
test3.file. (Disk_02 and Disk_03 are the third disks of Linux_01 and Linux_02,
and the device names are /dev/vdc.)
5.3.4 Live Migrating a VM

Step 1 In the navigation pane, choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster,
right-click the name of the VM to be migrated, and choose Migrate from
the drop-down list box.
Step 2 On the Migration Mode page, select Change Host for Select Migration
Mode and click Next.
Step 3 On the Change Host page, click Select, click + in front of site, select the
destination host, and click Confirm twice.
Step 4 Wait until the live migration is complete, switch back to the Summary page,
and check the host to which the VM belongs.
The preceding information indicates that VM Linux_01 has been migrated from host
CNA01 to host CNA02.
Step 5 Change the data store of the Linux_01 VM. On the Migration Mode page,
select Change Data Store for Select Migration Mode and click Next.
Step 6 On the Change Data Store page, select Migrate all storage, click Select. On
the displayed page, select the target data store and click Confirm.
Step 7 In the dialog box that is displayed, click Confirm.

Step 8 Switch back to the Change Data Store page. In the list on the lower part of
the page, view the disks that do not support migration and the reason.
Modify the destination configuration mode of the disks that support
migration and click Confirm.
Step 10 Choose Configuration > Disk and view the data store in the VM disk list.
The preceding information indicates that the VM disk is migrated from DataStore_01
to DataStore_02.
Step 11 Repeat the preceding steps to live migrate Linux_02 by switching its data
store.
Questions:
1. Does a VM with a shared disk support live migration in the Change Host mode?
2. Does a VM with a shared disk support live migration in the Change Data Store mode?
3. Does a VM with an independent & persistent disk support live migration in the Change
Data Store mode?
4. Does a VM with an independent & nonpersistent disk support live migration in the
Change Data Store mode or cold migration in the Change Data Store mode?
----End
5.3.5 Creating and Restoring a VM Snapshot

Step 1 In the navigation pane, choose Resource Pools > ManagementCluster, and
click the target VM. In the pane on the right, click the Snapshot tab.
Step 2 Click Create Snapshot. On the Create Snapshot page, enter the snapshot
name, deselect Create memory snapshot, and click Confirm.
Question: If you select Create memory snapshot, can the snapshot be successfully
created? Why?

Step 4 View the VM snapshot list.
Step 5 Choose Configuration > Disk. In the VM disk list, locate the row where the
disk resides, click More, and select Manage Snapshot. In the Manage
Snapshot page, check whether any snapshot can be detected.
Step 6 Repeat Step 1 to Step 5 to create a snapshot for the Linux_02 VM and check
whether a snapshot exists in the Manage Snapshot page.
Question: Does a snapshot exist for Disk_01 (shared disk)? Does a snapshot exist for
the Disk_02 disk (slave disk)? Does a snapshot exist for the Disk_03 disk (independent
nonpersistent disk)?
Step 7 Log in to the VM as the root user, and run the following command to create
the test.file file in the /root directory:
cd /root
touch test.file
ll
Step 8 Modify the test1.file test file in /tmp/Test1:
Run the following commands to enter the editing mode.

cd /tmp/Test1
vi test1.file
Press i to change the content to this is new file.
Press Esc to exit the editing mode.
Enter :wq to save the settings.

cat test1.file
Step 9 Create a snapshot for the VM again and click the plus sign (+) in front of the
first snapshot Snap_01 to view the second snapshot Snap_02.
Step 10 Select the first snapshot Snap_01 in the snapshot list and click Resume VM.
In the dialog box that is displayed, click Confirm to restore the VM.
Step 11 Check whether the new test.file file exists in the /root directory of the VM.
If preceding information is displayed, the new test.file file does not exist. The VM has
been restored to the state when the first snapshot Snap_01 was created.
Return to the VM snapshot list and check the status of the second snapshot Snap_02.
Question: After a VM is restored using a snapshot, will a snapshot created after the
snapshot be affected?
Step 12 After the VM is restored using the snapshot, run the df –Th command to
check the disk attachment status on the Linux_01 VM.
The preceding information indicates that /dev/vdb1 and /dev/vdc1 are detached
after the restoration.
Step 13 Log in to the Linux_02 VM as the root user by referring to Step 8. Run the
following command to change the content of the test file test3.file under
/tmp/Test3 from this is test file to this is new file:
Step 14 Restore the Linux_02 VM using snapshot Snap_01. For details, see Step 10.
Step 15 After the restoration, check the disk attachment status of the Linux_02 VM.
If the preceding information is displayed, /dev/vdc1 is also detached after the

restoration
Conclusion: After restoration, the disk Disk_02 (slave), disk Disk_01 (independent &
persistent), and disk Disk_02 (independent & nonpersistent) are detached.
Step 16 Run the mount command to attach the Disk_01 disk to the Linux_01 VM and
check whether the modified file exists in the /tmp/Test1 directory.
mount /dev/vdb1 /tmp/Test1

cd /tmp/Test1
ll
cat test1.file
If the preceding information is displayed, the modified file still exists in Disk_01
(independent & persistent) after the restoration. Data changes are immediately
written to the disk.
Step 17 Run the following command to attach Disk_03 to Linux_02.
mount /dev/vdc1 /tmp/Test3
The system displays a message indicating that /dev/vdc1 does not exist and cannot
be attached again.
After the restoration, the disk Disk_03 (independent & nonpersistent) needs to be
attached and formatted again, and the data in the disk will be lost.
Summary: When a VM snapshot is created, snapshots are not created for Disk_01
(independent & persistent) or Disk_03 (independent & nonpersistent), and disk data
cannot be restored. After the VM restoration, Disk_01 is detached, and after the VM is
attached again, its data is not lost. Disk_03 (independent & nonpersistent) is detached
and cannot be attached again. In addition, the disk needs to be attached and
formatted again, and data in the disk will be lost.
Step 18 After the preceding steps are performed, migrate Linux_01 to the original
host CNA01 and detach the shared disk Disk_01 from Linux_01 and
Linux_02. In the VM disk list, locate the row that contains the target disk,
and click Detach. In the dialog box that is displayed, click Confirm.
----End
6 Scenario 2: DRS Rule Group for a

Cluster

In real-world applications, most workloads are deployed on active and standby VMs.
To ensure business continuity, at least one of the VMs must be running properly. To
prevent downtime, install the active and standby VMs on different physical hosts.
If a service is dependent on other services, it is common practice to deploy the VMs

that run these services on the same physical host to ensure a smooth service
experience.
This section provides guidance on how to ensure service availability where Huawei
virtualization layer is deployed.
In this lab, DRS rule groups are configured to meet the preceding requirements.
6.2 Procedure
page is displayed. Click VM Linux_01 and VM Linux_02 to view their host
names under Basic Information on the Summary tab page.
VM Linux_01 runs on host CNA01, and VM Linux_02 runs on host CNA02.
Step 2 Click ManagementCluster. On the displayed page, click the Configuration

tab, and choose Configuration > Configure Resource Scheduling.
Step 3 Click Control Cluster Resource at the upper-right corner of the page.
Step 4 On the displayed Control Cluster Resource page, click to enable

compute resource scheduling.
Step 5 When the compute resource scheduling configuration data shown in the
following figure is displayed, click Confirm.
Step 6 On the Configure Resource Scheduling page, choose DRS Rule > Rule Group
and click Add.
Step 7 On the displayed Add Rule Group page, set the rule group name to Rule_01,
set its type to Keep VMs together, select Linux_01 and Linux_02 in the VM
list, and click Confirm.
Step 8 On the Rule Group page, view the added rule group.
Step 9 Click Recent Tasks in the lower part of the page to view the task list.
The task shows that the system automatically migrates Linux_02 from host CNA02 to
host CNA01. That is, Linux_01 and Linux_02 run on the same host (Type = Keep VMs
together).
Step 10 Click Delete in the Operation column for Rule_01 to delete the rule group.
Step 11 Repeat steps 6 through 9 to add rule group Rule_02, set Type to Keep VMs
mutually exclusive, select Linux_01 and Linux_02 from the VM list, and view
the host to which the VMs have been migrated.
host CNA02. That is, Linux_01 and Linux_02 run on different hosts (Type = Keep VMs
mutually exclusive).
Step 12 Delete rule group Rule_02 by repeating step 10.

Step 13 On the Configuration page, choose DRS Rule > Host Group, and click Add.
The Add Host Group page is displayed.
Step 14 Set the host group name to HostGroup, select the host on which the VM
will run from the host list. In this example, select CNA02 and click Confirm.
Step 15 Return to the Configuration page, choose DRS Rule > VM Group, and click
Add. The Add VM Group page is displayed.
Step 16 Set the VM group name to VMGroup, select Linux_01 and Linux_02 from the
VM list, and click Confirm.
Step 17 Repeat Step 6 through Step 9 to add rule group Rule_03, set Type to VM to
Host, set Rule to Must run on hosts in group, and select the newly added
VM group and host group. After the operations are complete, check the VM
migration result.
host CNA02. That is, Linux_01 and Linux_02 run on the specified host.
Step 18 Repeat Step 10 to delete rule group Rule_03.

Question: In the preceding steps, why do I need to delete the previous rule group
before creating another rule group? What are the relationships between the three rule
groups?
7 Scenario 3: High Availability (HA)

High Availability (HA) is the most basic feature of all virtualization technologies. HA
allows VMs to automatically migrate from a faulty physical host to other functional
ones, ensuring service continuity and proper customer experience. This section
describes how to configure HA for Huawei virtualization layer and how to trigger HA
by manually shutting down a physical host.
7.2 Procedure
page is displayed. Choose ManagementCluster. On the Configuration tab
page, choose Configuration > Configure HA, and click Control Cluster
Resource at the upper-right corner.
Step 2 Click to enable HA.

Step 3 When the HA configuration data shown in the following figure is displayed,
select HA for Host Fault Policy, and click Confirm.
Step 4 Simulate a fault on CNA02.

Use PuTTY to log in to CNA02 and run the following commands to power off CNA02.
(Use username gandalf and password IaaS@OS-CLOUD9! for login. Then, switch to
user root. The password is the one set when the CNA is installed. In this example, the
password is Cloud12#$.)
su – root
poweroff
Step 5 On FusionCompute, click Recent Tasks in the lower part of the page.
The tasks show that the system has automatically migrated Linux_01 and Linux_02
from CNA02 to CNA01.
page is displayed. Right-click the host name, choose Power > Power On. On
the displayed page, click Confirm to power on CNA02.
Tip: this is the best way to power on CNA, however, in this lab, you can’t power on the
CNA with this way, please connect with manager or lecturer.
Question: What are the differences between VM HA and VM live migration?
----End
8 Scenario 4: Security Groups

Security is essential for the IT industry. Security Group is a feature that filters data on
ports by network segment or address segment to protect VM security. This section
describes the functions of Security Group by disabling Ping.
8.2 Procedure
Step 1 Ping Linux_01 and Linux_02 to verify network connectivity.
Step 2 Create a security group.

Choose Resource Pools > Security Group and click Add Security Group.
On the displayed page, set the name and description and click Confirm.
Step 3 Create security group rules.

In this test, Linux_01 can ping the Linux_02, but Linux_02 cannot ping Linux_01.
According to the ICMP protocol, the rules are set as follows:
Step 4 Bind the security group to Linux_01.

Choose Linux_01, click the Configuration tab, and select NIC. Click More in the
Operation column of the NIC whose IP address is 192.168.17.31, and select
Configure Security Group from the drop-down list.
If you configure the NIC for the first time, power off Linux_01.
On the Configure Security Group page, click Select and select the security group
created in the previous step.
Step 5 Verify security group rules.

Log in to the two VMs again, and ping each other to verify that the security group has
taken effect.
----End
9 Scenario 5: Common O&M

Operations

This document describes the following O&M operations:
 Viewing, clearing, and masking alarms
 Adding a role and a user that belongs to this role
 Configuring a password policy
 Managing licenses
 Manually backing up management data to an FTP server
9.2 Procedure
9.2.1 Viewing, Clearing, and Masking Alarms

Step 1 In the left navigation tree on FusionCompute, click . The Monitoring
page is displayed. Choose Monitoring > Alarm > Alarms. The Alarms page
is displayed.
Question: How do I filter out all the alarms whose severity is Warning and Object
Type is Host?
Step 2 Find the target alarm, and click Clear in the Operation column to clear it.
Step 3 Under Monitoring, choose Alarm > Alarm Masking. On the Alarm Making
page, click Add. The Add Alarm Masking Rule page is displayed.
Remarks: On the Add Alarm Masking Rule page, use three methods to mask the
alarm "Data store I/O response delay exceeds the threshold".
----End
9.2.2 Adding Roles and Users

Step 1 In the navigation tree on FusionCompute, choose System > Rights
Management > Role Management. On the displayed page, click Add Role.
Step 2 On the Add Role page, specify Role Name, select permissions, and click
Confirm.
Remarks: Add the role Role_test that has the permissions to manage sites, clusters,
hosts, and VMs.
Step 3 Choose Rights Management > User Management and click Add User.
Step 4 On the Add User page, select a User Type, set User Name and Password,
select roles, specify other basic information, and click Confirm.
Remarks: Add a Local User. Set User Type to Local User and select the role added in
step 2.
----End
9.2.3 Configuring a Password Policy

Choose Rights Management > Password Policy. On the Password Policy page,
click Modify to modify the password policy.
Step 1 After the modification is complete, click Save.

Remarks: Configure a password policy. If you enter incorrect passwords for two
consecutive times, the system automatically locks the account for 10 minutes.
----End
9.2.4 Managing Licenses

Step 1 Choose System Configuration > License Management. The License
Management page is displayed.
Step 2 Click Load License File. On the Load License File page, click Obtain ESN,
import the license file as prompted, and click Confirm.
----End
9.2.5 Manually Backing Up Management Data

Prerequisites: You have obtained the IP address, user name, and password of the FTP
server.
Step 1 Choose System Configuration > Services and Management. On the Services
and Management page, click More and choose Configure Management
Data Backup.
Step 2 On the Configure Management Data Backup page, select Back up to a

3rd-party FTP server or local VRM node, set Protocol Type to FTP, set other
FTP data, and click Confirm.
Step 3 Return to the Configure Management Data Backup page, choose Back Up
Management Data, and click Confirm.
Step 4 Go to the FTPD backup upload path and check the backup file.
----End

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About This Document .................................................................................................... 7

1 Lab Environment Introduction .................................................................................. 8

1.2 Devices in Lab Environments ..................................................................................................................................... 8

1.3 Software and Tools ........................................................................................................................................................ 8

1.4 Lab Networking .............................................................................................................................................................. 9

1.5 Switch Configuration Reference ............................................................................................................................... 9

2 Installing FusionCompute ........................................................................................ 10

2.2.1 Installing the CNA Nodes Using an Image...................................................................................................... 10

2.2.2 Installing the VRM Node Using a Tool.............................................................................................................. 20

2.3 Logging In to FusionCompute ................................................................................................................................ 27

3 FusionCompute Resource Configuration ............................................................... 30

3.1.1 Adding a Host............................................................................................................................................................ 30

3.1.2 Binding Network Ports to Hosts ......................................................................................................................... 33

3.2 Configuring Network Resources ............................................................................................................................ 37

3.2.1 Creating a DVS .......................................................................................................................................................... 37

3.2.2 Adding an Uplink...................................................................................................................................................... 39

3.2.3 Adding a VLAN Pool................................................................................................................................................ 40

3.2.4 Creating Port Groups .............................................................................................................................................. 40

3.3 Configuring Storage Resources .............................................................................................................................. 44

3.3.1 Adding a Storage Port ............................................................................................................................................ 44

3.3.2 Adding Storage Resources .................................................................................................................................... 47

3.3.3 (Optional) Scanning a Storage Device .............................................................................................................. 51

3.3.4 Adding a Data Store ................................................................................................................................................ 52

4 Creating and Configuring VMs ................................................................................ 57

4.1.1 Creating a Bare VM .................................................................................................................................................. 57

4.1.2 Installing the OS (Only for Trial Use) ................................................................................................................. 61

4.2 Deleting VMs ................................................................................................................................................................. 64

4.3 Importing and Configuring VMs ............................................................................................................................ 66

4.3.1 Importing a VM......................................................................................................................................................... 66

4.3.2 Mounting, Installing, and Unmounting Tools................................................................................................. 69

4.4 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template ................................................................................................................ 72

4.4.1 Creating a VM Template ........................................................................................................................................ 72

4.4.2 Deploying a VM Using a VM Template............................................................................................................. 75

4.5 Changing VM Specifications .................................................................................................................................... 80

4.5.1 Hot Adding a CPU .................................................................................................................................................... 80

4.5.2 Hot Adding Memory ............................................................................................................................................... 81

4.5.3 Expanding Disk Capacity........................................................................................................................................ 82

4.5.4 Adding a NIC.............................................................................................................................................................. 84

4.6 Configuring Object Rights for a VM ..................................................................................................................... 89

5 Scenario 1: VM Disk Operations .............................................................................. 91

5.2 Process ............................................................................................................................................................................. 91

5.3.1 Creating a Disk .......................................................................................................................................................... 91

5.3.2 Attaching a Disk ........................................................................................................................................................ 94

5.3.3 Formatting a Disk ..................................................................................................................................................... 96

5.3.4 Live Migrating a VM ................................................................................................................................................ 98

5.3.5 Creating and Restoring a VM Snapshot ........................................................................................................ 103

6 Scenario 2: DRS Rule Group for a Cluster ............................................................ 109

6.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 110

7 Scenario 3: High Availability (HA)......................................................................... 119

7.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 119

8 Scenario 4: Security Groups ................................................................................... 122

8.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 123

9 Scenario 5: Common O&M Operations ............................................................... 126

9.2 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................... 127

9.2.1 Viewing, Clearing, and Masking Alarms ........................................................................................................ 127

9.2.2 Adding Roles and Users ...................................................................................................................................... 128

9.2.3 Configuring a Password Policy ......................................................................................................................... 130

9.2.4 Managing Licenses ............................................................................................................................................... 131

9.2.5 Manually Backing Up Management Data ..................................................................................................... 132

About This Document