Astr Ir Space acre

--a micul~...
=

FOR

Secondary Classes
( IX-X )

Prc,/~orrc/hy rlic

NATIONAL CURRICULUM COMMITTEE

NiiTIONAL BUREAU O F CURRICULUM AND TEXTBOOKS

 GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN

-RY OF EDUCATION PROVINCIAL COORD~NATION

Astronomy & Space Science

Curriculum
FOR

Secondary Classes
( IX-X )

COMM

NATIONAL BU DF CURRICULUM A hID TEX'

. ISLAMAB,
-
 I'REFACE

I I 1:dllc;ltlon I'olic! 1972--50 ha3 >trr*\ed the rsvlslon ol c u r r ~ c u l iIn

c~upiii \ i I?.IIII~II~
~ c1111cept\i ~ n tskills
l
~
and cncollr;r:c ~ ~ h ~ c ~ . r . : -e..:!~li~:dtion,
tio~~.
e ~ y c l - i n r r t v ? l ~prac\ical
t~i~, work nucl creati~eexp~ession". 'l'lie Polic! : I Iplace? ~
grc:,; i r i i p l ~ n ~ !,ni c :I shift tr~\varcl~ ~nnl-cpurpn\clr~lscielllilic and Agrt~-tecltnical
~(111cilli1m.
I
\Vith !lie ai>ovi: direct~on\ in \ iew. the h'ali,>~~ul
RII~I*:III ,.if ('urricuIu111 and

The N n i i o ~ ~ a1111
a l Provincial Rurc;lur of ( ul.riculum and inter-Board Cum-
<.! c:liairnien acting will] grsil vixour :I!I~ : r ~ i l l r l l c i ~ ~11n\e
tilltcei. m <Irma11111) 11
.cIlrn~e i > i Stodie'; f<>rthe Secondilry CI:isse\.

111 the light 01' goals ant1 aims of education and the Scheme of Studies. the
Saiional ( i r l ~ i n i i t ~ cirn
c e:lcll subict-t prcp;~retl Dralt Curricul;~ri~I:z:x~:;. Ihc
curlicula were tileti circulated anloup the I'rnvincial Educ;~ti.>nI>c?:trL~i~ent?.
IIdi~cniioni\tc. Intelleclunl~ and Workinp 'f~~nclicrcr l ~ r o u e l ~ o the i ~ i cnunlrl for
i c i n I n 1 1 I'lri. rcsl~o~i\i.
IriuIi \.;~iic>u.quarlcr.; war \,cry ellznr!rnp
In$.

L:oncomit:~ntly. workmq group coliiprlung cduca1or5. ~~urricuium spccial~st~

:~nrisub;:-ci cxpert forrne(1 h:: National Hurean ni < !~rriculuil; :lad Tcv;tlro~ks
vcll.:d tlralls in the I sui~iect\ includc(1 in lhc Sclicme ol Shldic. for
Secq.mdar,v Cla.;ses.

Filially, meetings of the National Committees i n various subject.; were co~ive~ied

n:~tionail! I finnlize the dr:lFt\ i n the light of the comments received from
dlllerenc quarlcr.; ns well as 111c rc.com111c1ld:1tio11s or the workil~ggro~cpmnsisti~lp
01 :I cros.;-scctior~of vubiect cxncrtf. ir.:lcher? R I I ~ ci1rr.icu1~11n
~ p e c i i l l i ~ to
t s review
tile curricula. ,

Trenier~dou.; and challenging 3.; thc task waz. it could not have b&n
:!cc~)mnli~l~crl h!. any agcnc!. ~II~IIC. Wliat h r o ~ ~ g h[his
t huge 2nd d i f i c i ~ l t task
lo completion was the active psrlicipation 01' all the agencies engaeed in edu.
ca1i:~nalec!i-;it). and the p o l i ~ ? (if g kno\:.lcdr?. cxpe~.tiseand wisdom throughout
tlir c n ~ ~ i i l r ) ~' l .h r N;~lionalI3ureal1 ul Curriculum end Tcxtbookc ~~:kno~vledges
i 1 5 indebtednec? to the members of thc National Conimittce5, tlic Provinci;tl Gtwern.
~ i i e ~ i l I'tli\'crsilich.
~, Pi-i,vi~icial Curriculum C-CIII~~.,Educational Institutiolis.
i%':lrds of l~~termetliatc and Secondary Etlucntiu~~ nlid all <~theror3anizi1tic~tis.
ag.'ncies and working tsachcrs, who nctivel\. cnl1abnrnt.d ill the preparation and
fina!,:i!.::v? of !hi\ c l ~ r r i c ~ ~ lrepor!.
~trn

. R. A. SHAH.
I<titrtEdumlional Advi.ver.
Mini.v~r.v0 1 E d ~ ~ c a r i o t ~ .
Govern~nmrof I'irkirm~r.
Islan~had.
 7
C

CONTENTS

I'AGC

1. .,-..-...l 0h.iectives .. .. .. .. .. 1

2. Spe~.ificObjectives .. .. .. .. .. -
7

3. Dctililed Syllahus .. .. .. .. .. 4

. 4. Activities .. .. .. .. .. .. 7

5. List of Equip~ncnt .. .. .. .. .. S

6. Bibliography .. .. .. .. .. .. S

7. Mernlxl.? or the National Comn1irtee.-(Appc!~Ois-A) .. ')

8. Scheme of studies (Class IX-X).-(Ap~cndix-P) .. .. II

(iii)
 GENERAL OBJECTIVES
T o make the students intelligently understand the recent advances in As-
tronomy, Space Exploration and Mcteorolog!..
2. To inculcate in them the habit c,f,at icntific observation and Investigation
t o seek answers
-~~~ for problems tllrough actrlil~esand to acquire knowledge of the
Univers e around I13.

3. l * o. apprc~iate3the
. ^:
significance and the vxtness of the Universe and thus
to establish true relationship of Man with hi? Ci
4. T o utilize their knowledse of !he U n i ~ d on facts in educating
the lesseducateti members of the coninnnit). arid Lu Lux ihc ape-old su~erstltions
and wrong notions about various phenomena accuring in the Universe.
 ;L

SPECIFIC 0: ES
1. ( n ) T o familiarise the students ahout the nature and scope of the suhjcct,
11s lii\tory and its relationship with other sciences.
( b T o make the students understand the techniques and instruments used
in astronomical nhservation.
(c) T o make them understand the construction and i rinciple of
optical and ratlio telrscopes and the spectrometer.
2. (0) To impart knowledge of the sii!e and shn pe of the earth. rotation of thr
enrtli atid its revolution aroundI the sun.
(h) T o enable the students to locate ...,..
...I the earth with a given latitude
and lonsitude by nicans of :I globe and world map.
3. (0) To make the students understand the horizonial system of locating a
st:!r on the sky.
( b ) T o let the students understand the basis of sidereal time and solar lime
( c ) T o eive them a knowledge of standard tjme, time zones and date line
and to make them appreciate the deslrablllty of a standard tlme within
the country.
4 . [a) T o m;~kethe students know the dimensions of the moon, its distance
from the earth, its rotation and rcvolutlon.
(b) T o he xhle to make a comparison between the moon and the earth.
i. (a) T o let students know the dimensions and temperature of the sun and
to 1st them understand linw sun's energy is generaled by fusion.
( h ) T o know a h o t ~ tthe sun's surface and its atmosphere.
6 . (a) T o make the students familiar with the various heavenly bodies which
make up the solar system.
(b) To let tlie students understand the manner in which the planets revolve
around tlie sun.
( c ) T o make them understnnd the apparent motion of the planets on the
sky.
((0 T o let them know what the astronomers think about the orisin of the
solar system.
7. (a) T o give an understanding of the physical nature of stars with reference
to tlie sun as a sample star.
(6) To givean idea of thedistances of stars and how theactronomers measure
these distances.
( c ) T o understand the rnrelalion between the coloilr of stars and their
temperatures.
(4 T o understand the various types of stars such as giants and dwarfs.
e To understand [he different evolutionary stages of a star.
 8. T o give a comprehension of the shape, dimensions and structurc of out
galaxy and the position of the solar system in it.
9. (a) T O know about various types of galaxies other than our own.
(b) T o give an idea of the expanding universe ar indicated by the ;Ipl?nrcril
receding motion of the galaxies.
I@. To let the students know about some of the findings of Radio Asfronomy
such as the Quasars and Pulsars.
I I . T o let the students understand some basic concepts of physics, such as Gra\ i-
tation, Laws of Motion, Centripetal Force and Escape Vciocit\.. uliicli have
their ;ipplic;ition in space flight.
. 12. (a) T o let the students understand the principle of the rocker.

(b) T o know how a satellite is launched in space and tlie f;~r~<.r.\

\\hicl~
determine how long the satellite would remain in the orbit.

( c ) T o give the students an idea of the distance of a satellite from the cart11
and its relation with the period of revolution.

13. To give the students knowledge of the problems of manned space flipli~\;.l:d
tlie s:ife return of the spnce craft to earth.
14. To familiarize the students with the various uses of the earth satellite.;.

15. (a) To let the students know about the composition of air, the a~mosplicric
laycrs and vertical variation of temperature.

(b) T o make them learn about the causes of winds with particular rci'c~.c~~cc
to trade winds, monsooris and land and sea breezes.

( b ) To let them understand how dew, frost, fog, clouds, rain, snow and hail
are formed as a result of condensation and precipitation of water sapour.

16. To let the students understand how different properties of the atmocphere,
cuch as temperature, pressure and humidity are measured.

17. T o give the students an idea of the air masses and how they b r i n ~weather
clranpes through cyclones. tornadoes and thunderstorms.
18. To let the students know how meteorologists collect daily in
weather in the country and prepare the forecast of weather.
 4
DETAILED SYLLABUS
UNIT 1.- ASTRONOMY (50%)

What is Astronomy and Space Srirncc. Its brief history and its relationship
with other sciences. Ohscr\.?t~cr~;.l
frchniques in Astronomy (Optical and Radio
Telescopes, astronomical phnlograpliy. photometry and spectrometry).
2 The Earth
Size, shape and I e carth in terms of latitude and longitude, locating
points on the earth.
Axial Irotation of 'the earth.
Earth'! revolutioso round the sun causing different seasons.
3. The Celestial S p hrre
~
Horizontal syste~ m of locat ins stars an the sky.
How stan moves. ~ L I U > J*L
L A L sky.
~

Sidereal time and solar time

Standard time.

uIsLance, size,mass, rotation and revolution surface, reatures, plain, 'mountains

and creaters, phys~calconditions.
5. The Sun
Distance, diameter, mass telnpcr2ture. source of sun's e n e r a , nature of sun's
surface, the sunspots.
Solar atmosphcrr : Chromosphere, Prominences and corona, solar flares and
magnetic storms.
6. Sokr System
Various members of the solnr system.
Motions of planets on elliptical orbits.
Apparent motion of a planet on the sky.
Physical features of planets and their satellites.
The asteroids, thcir discovery and general features.
The comets, their shape and structure, orbits, formation c)f the tail.
The come&, what makes them shine. origin.
Meteorilies and their composition.
Origin of the solar system
 5
7. The Sbrs
What are stars.
Distances of stars. Measurement of distance, Constellations.
Apparent brightness and luminosity.
Colours and temperatures.
Classification of stars into $iants and dwarf Masses of stars.
Life history of a star.
8. OR G a h x g
The Milky-way.
Shape and size of our galaxy and position of the sun in it. Bright and dark
nebulae.
9. Exterior Galaxies
Different types of galaxies, clusters of galaxies. Motion of ga :I the
idea of the expanding universe.
10. Rpdio A3tronoay
Radio emission from various sources.
Quasars and Pulsars.
UbW 2 . S P A C E EXPLORATION (307,;)

1I . Gravitation
Laws of motion, idea of gravitntion and centripetal force
Newton's Law ofgravitation and value of "g" on different heavenly aoclles a3
compareu to the earth. Idea of the e s n p e veloci~y,velocity requircd to put a
satellite in orbit.
12. Raekeh
Rocket engines.
multi-stage rockets.
. launching of a satellite.
Effect of atmosphere on the motion of the rocket (retardation of motion,
. frictional heat and burning).
Orbitd period of a satellite depending on its distance from the earth.
The synchronous satellites.
13. S p r e 'krvel
Problems of space travel.
Problems of astronauts abroad the spacaraft : acceleration. weightlensnes~,
food, water and air, heat and cold, radiations, meteors.
Flight to the moon and planets, brin~ingastronauts safely back to earth
14. Uses of Earth Satellites
Communications.
Weather forecasting.
Earth's resources.
Si~wey
Navigation
Scientific research
Military uses.
UNIT 3.-METEROLOGY (20%)

15. Nature of the Atmosphere

Composition of the atmosphere.
Various layers of the atmosphere.
Vertical variation of temperahlre.
Movement of air.
Trade winds and monsoon, land and sea breezes.
Formation of dew, frost, fog and clouds.
Formation of rain, snow and hail,
16. Measuring the Properties of Atmosphere
Measurement of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind direction and speed,
rain and snow.
Instruments used for these measurements :
Thermometers
Barometer, and barograph
Hygrometers
Wind vane and anemometer
Rain and snow gauges
Weather ballow.
17. Weather Chmges
Air masses.
Cyclones, anticyclones and hurricanes.
Tornadoes.
Thunderstorms.
18. Weather F o r m d i n g STstcm
Weather stations.
Collection of data
The weather chart.
Weather reports.
L

7
ACTIVITIES
1. To set up a refracting telescope by means of two convex lenses of suitable
focal lenghs.
2. To locate the position of place with siven latitude and longitude on the
globe and a world map.
3. To draw the equater, latitude and longitude circles on a spherical body
such as a ball, earthen pol etc.
4. To observe the sun or moon and to estimate the altitude and azimuth of
the body observed.
5. To make a visual observation of the full moon and to note position of
the dark spots (moon's plains) on its surface.
6. To watch the position of the moon relative to the stars in the background
on a specific hour for a few evenings and to make its daily po.;ition on a
star chart.
7. To determine the direction of ' Kaaba ' by means of the sun on specified
time anddates in May and July (2-18 p.m. on 28 July and 2-26 p.m. on
16 July).
8. To draw a scale diagram showing the sizes of orbits planets

I 9. To make a scale model showing the relative sizes of the planets,

10. To identify some ma.ior constellations and bright stars by meanc of stnr
charts.
11. To observe the difference in colours of stars and to form a rough idea of
their temperature.
12. To study pictures and photographs of heavenly bodies and draw their
sketches.
13. To demonstrate the principle of a rocket by means of a balloon
14. To prepare a list of examples from everyday life in support of motion,
gravitation and centripetal force.
15. To study the brief history of space travel and to prepare a brief rerorr.

16. To keep a daily record of the maximum and minimum temperature and
atmospheric pressure over a certain period of time.
17. To observe difference betuteen the temperature of dry and wet-bulb
thermometres once a week.
18. To obxrve the sky on cloudy days and lo identify the main cloud forms

19. To makea simple rain caupe ant1 to measure theamoont ofrainfall with i t
20. To set up a model weather station in the schools by kerping a record of
the weather information obtained in activities numbers 17,lE & 20.
 8
LIST OF EQUIPMENT
I. Earth globe.
2. World Map.
3. Sky charts.
4. Charts or photographs of the planets.
5. Recent photographs of the surface of the moon.

6. Thermometers.
7. Maximum and minimum thermometer.
8. Aneroid Barometer.
9. Prism.
10. Rain guage.
11. Magnetic compass.
12. Wind vane.
13. Convex lenses of different focal lengths.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
I. Earth and Space science by Wolfe, Batten, neming etc.
2. Introduction of Meteorology by Petterson.
3. A brief Text in Astronomy by Skilling and Richardson.
4. Observing the heavens.
5. Science for the elementary school, by Edvard Victor.

6. Your guide to Weather by Cantzlaar.

7. A survey of Space Appliances (Nasa Report).
8. The view from Ranger (Nasa Report).
9. Astronomy by Patric Moore.
10. Pakistan Elementary Science draft curricolum for classes I to V and for
classes VI to VIII.
 9

-..Appendlr
-.
A
NATIONAL SUBCORlnllTTEE
1. Mr. Anw;rr Uhiitti, i t t I'r(>fcssor. Chnirnl:!i~. Cornvner
D t p a r t l n c ~ ~oft Astronc~niy,LIni\,crsity o S llic, I'u11i;il~.
Lahorc.
2. Rashid Ahmcd, Princip:~l,Govt. Collcgc, h l : ~ r d ; ~ .~.~ Mm~ber
3. Misq Mehr Ahbas, AsGstant Profcs>or, G I I V ~Dcyrcc
. -do-
College for Women, I:i'rer Road, Karachi.
4. Mis. Arifa Tahir, Lecturer in the Phyqic~.I.;l;~nialxi<l U h . s o ~ ~ ~ r - P ~ ~ r f i c i p o n l
Model School I j r Girls. Islamabad.
. 5. Mrq. Farrokli Junaid, Lecturer, Federal Govt. Collepe -do-
for Women. Islamabnd.
6. Mr. Pervez Akhtar, Lccturcr, Federal Govt. C'olle:~ -110-
for Men, Islnrnahad.
PARTICIP.4NTS F R O M THE MINISTRl' OF EDUCATlOh
I. Dr. R.A. Shah, Joint Educational Adviser, Ministry of
Educ:ition, Curricululn \\'ill: IV, Sc~.t(lrH-9, I~l:~nlat,:~d.
2. Mr. Abdullah Khadim Hussain. Deputy Educational
Adviser (SC),Ministry of Edi~citlion,Curriculoni \\ in:.
Sector H-9, Islamahad.
3. Mr. Roshan Ali Siyal. Assistant Educatio~~al
Adviwr
(SLC). Ministry of Education, Curriculum Winp,
Sector kl-9. 1sl;im:ih~d.
4. Mr. &far Snred. Assi<lanl CJucatio11:tl A d \ i :r?,
Ministry of Etlucario~l,Curriculuni Wing, ScrIor ll-'~.
Islamabad.

.
 II
--
MIVeRNMBNT 01 PAKI.9TAN
B-

MINISTRY OF IlDUCATlON
SCHEME OF STLTDlES FOR THE SECONDARY SCHOOL EXAMIh'ATION
~ Notes O i w m)
(This Schcms of Studies Should Be Read In Conjunction W I : the

1. Urdu (PI- me note No. 3 Oos/Two

below). papa/(s)
2. Endish please see note No. 3 Do. Do. Do.
belnw).
3. Pakistan Studies One p a w 75 marks 3
4. Islamiynt (Please sm note K). 4 One paper 75 marks 3
klow).

Component I1 Ow of the following groups ;

WneeCrrmp)
I. Mathematien Onepapu 100marks 4
2. Phydss Oncpper 100marks 4
3. Chemistry Oncpapr 100&a 4
4. Biology One paper 100 marks 4

1. Ocneral Mathematics One paper 1W marlra 4

nu
ath hem at&"
OR
Iiouse-hold Acmunt & Relslcd
I1roblems
OR
I!lcments of l-lome Economics.
2. General Scicl~cc One p a w 100 marks 4
2. Two subjcctr from the Two paper 100 marlra 4+4
'Y' lict of s~~bjfffs. each

Component I11 VOCATIONAL SUBJECTS r

Onc vocational subject from the i'hwry a rks 10
Z ' li,c of subjecli, Pracfical

Component I V COMPULSORY NON-EXAMINATION E.YERClStS .

I. Phg\ical Evrrcire 15 t o . 30
miilurea dailv
2. Training in Civil Defence. Fir,[
Aid%, Nunit1,:.
NOTES+ 1. This scheme o f studies i s basal on a school week o f at least 45 pmiods, each paiod
being of 40 minut- duration, excluding the time devoted to physical exercise.
recess or oihrr :~cti~iti:s. The time indicated for various subjects in the schmc
adds e p 11, 44 period. the 45th periods heing at the disposal ~t the head of thr
insritutinn for u!ilization wherever mogt needed. This however i s the minimum
m d d m not re,tricl the freedom of the teacher I n eive more time where callrd
for.
2 The syllabi nod w u m of nadina in various suhims will be Rdesimetl so as
to cn&!e an avernCc sn!drnl to pin a lair rreawr; of prvt evcnc) ~nti;ern aiihtn
a.c!cnr.cl I.:, rrle Furpow. Thr awt In.tc .!anc';lrd ul!l hc ra~+i thrtwolt
thc t ~ m u
-..
imnmvnl tc:,;hlne mc'llor'.. heltrr text -ho<,k. ncu ivl-cr rc.n< I.IC rnnlcnal., nrrnra ~~

p r h e studcnt-teichcr rntib, adequhtr p h y r i c n l ~ f a c i l i t i c s , ~ ~trfiininy

~~

~ r c ~ ~ ancl
-7 F~

dedication of teachcrs. and mori\,nting students etc.

B.
and Enplirh in mmphnenr-l I.
TIlc variation in the WDers. marks and the oenods ner week asimed l o Urdti
tneant to nc;ommod'are thc tcscl.;np o f a I?+
v111cii1Ilcc;onal Innpt agc uherr necr.ssry, yro\iC~.dth;ct the Provinc~:~l Rwionni
Iancoarc i! \tudncd I,,
,hji Lornmnrn*. u,, n.31 I,.:
~~ ~.
~~~ t:>kct i.,~
~ ~ nn .
~ ..r..~-.p.....
in ~ ~ r n n o ~.
r ~.~
n ,ut n
- lkl v
i t iT o f an advanced level. infludiuc literaturr etc. I n the cnsc o f stl~dvof a
I1mvincial!Rcgional Innguige, there-will be 1 papers in component-l ( I iXr ( 2 :
anrl one in cach langunpe o f 100 marks each rvith 4 reriods p r week.

4. "lslamiyat" in component-1 is meant for all Muslim students. non-Muslin,

studcnts may, at thelr frrc option, study Islamiyat O Flkhloqiynt (a collrsc i i t
rlniver~almorality ) OR any one subject from thr ' Y ' list reduced to 75 marks.
provided that the subject chosen fvr study as zn altcrnarivr lo lslnmignt ail!
not he taken up i n Crmponent-ll.
5. As II 1
- principle. a subject otfcred m one component will not be offerw!
in another w m p o e n t . Thus students mkmg up an Industrial vocationnl suhjecl
In component-Ill will not take up Gmmctrical and Trchnicnl Drawing"
i n the ' Y ' list i n cornponent-I1 and likeu,isc Girls chowin? Honlc Emnrmir, !n
'2' lirrt would not take any Home Economics subjects in ' i" lirl and rirc rrr.rtr
6. The 'Y' and '2'lists of mbjecfs are only suggestive ~d may be curtailnl.
expanded and i n t m d u a d in schools according to the r e q u u e m t s and m u r c w
O f an area.

7. It is the mtcntioa o f the xbzme lhal each province shall decide which x b o o l
nhaU teach which subjcd or groupof suhjects i n ' Y 'and ' Z ' lists. This decision
will depend upon the local needs and r s o u m s , I t is not envisaged tbat every
school will tench every subject,Yocational Group,Tmde group.

3. A school may be allocatd one o f the Wade gsoups Lo industrial subjects from
?:a 'Z ' lisr.
9. In imparting rocationz~ltraining, etrortr should he made to utiljze local,indi:.mo~w
d cmrltavi ..
m o t m n n d to involve the lc,cnl cummunbty as far as r n s : ~ b l ~ s n to
tl~celcmcntof dignity of lnhou~;and re.ycct for !bow u ho uork with their Imand.
10. The w n n n t O f the scheme envisnres that lhe teachers will use their initiative
and innovirion abili1:ts to dwit:n )ro)~!r'actidt!n inrrructh,nnl U N ~ S / ~ O < ~ U ~ P ~
in the prcsentulion uf thc '7.' !t\I t,f v(v.~tional:r~h!ccts ; I n m w t ruhlcct\ IV
this li.1, workchcrt.. mh5hccts. ~ ~ l c r m n l i c n ~ h iau.l~~~. ~ n m r n t ~ h cucl lt ls h;. u!.
U13t ii rcauirctl.
11. In the srlbject of Local (Comm~nit))Craltr ,n the '2'list o i G m c n l Vnaliona
.;uh;rcn, rllc Nat.onal Cllniculum only provide. hroad oull~nc\. I t is intcndnl
1h:~t tlctailrd C'dnlcull in r%c., Craft. ~ncluJtnrm e l l i ~ l scrttr'rm o f evaluall1.r
will bc devclorxd by the whri!l i n c~nsul!atio~\r.irhlocal nrtiunr who would
RIW be usctl a? rcsource persons for implrmrntine !he curricrtla in cach wliool
 1.1
' Y ' LIST OF SUBJECTS (100 M4RKS TIICFI!

I. Physiology 8 Hygiene. 2. Geometrical and Tcchnicnl Dr:!n-

ing.
1. Geology. 4. Astronc~myand Sp:~rcScie~r:
5. Art and Model Drawing. 6. Environmental Studir,.
7. Islamic Studie? or Islamic I-listory 8. History of Indo-P:rk SLIP-c,I I I I : , L ~ - :

q. Arabic. 10 Persian

- I I. Geography.
13. Civics.
12. Econcwnics
14. Food and Nutrition.
I . Art in Home Economics. 16. Management for Heltei. t10n:ei
17. Clothing and Textiles. 18. Child Developme~lt and Famil)
living.
19. Military Science. 20. Commercial Gco~raphy.
21. Music. 22. Urdu litcraturc.
23. Edglish litcralure. 24. Si~idhi.
25. Punjabi. 26. Pushto.
27. Baluchi. 28. Ciujrati.
29. Turkish. 30. Rengali.
31. Chinese. 32. French.
33. Russian. 34. German.
35. Japancsc. 36. Spanish.

' Z ' LIST OF VOCATIONAL SUBJECTS ("250 hl.4RKS FACH",!

General.-Student may take any one of the fo ach carpiny
250 marks.

. I. Education. 2. Hcalth and Physical Edt!cn!io

7. Nursing and First Aid. 4. CaUigraphy.
5. Pl~otography. 6. Local (Commr~nily)Crafts.
Coa1~1rrcia1.-Student may tako subject "Type writing" which is compulsory,
carrying 100 marks and one subject from h'o. 2 & 3 carryill?
150 marks OR trvo subjectq from No. 4 to 'I. each c::rryinc-:,
mark
1. Typelvric ing (Compulsory). 2. Book keepinp rnd Accounr~
 14
3. Shorthand (English OR Urdu OR 4. Secretarial Practice and Crrrea.-
Regional languase). pondence.
5. Business Methods. 6. Salesmanship.
7. Insurancz. 8. R:~nl<inp.

9. Import and Export Procedure.

Aflicu1ture.- Student may takc "General Agriculture" a'hich is compul
sory, carrying 50 marks, and any other ruTosubjects from
No. 2 to 7 carrying 100 marks cacli.
I . General Agriculture (Compulsory 2. Farm Economics.
Core Coursc).
3. Crop Production. 4. Live Stock Farming.
5. Animal Production. 6. Productive Insects and FJ~)
Culture.
7. Horticulture.

Inhrstrial,-Student may s6lcc1 J I I ~o11o subject from one of the following Tr; dc
Gmups except Mechanical Trade. Each subject carries 2.20
marks, inclilclin~50 marks for " Technrcal Dwn,inp".
I. M~chanicalTrades Gror,p.- (Fitting will be compulsory in class 1X for
:ill studentc taking this group. In class X
students will opt for one of the remaining 5
~rndcso r continue fitting).
(i) Fitting.
(ii) Turning.
(iii) Plumbing.
(iv) Welding.
(v) Electro-plating.
(vi) Moulding & Casting.

2. Electrical Trades Group

( i ) Electrical Wiring.
(ii) Electrical Winding.
(iii) Household Appliances.
(ill) Radio Servicing.

3. Wood Trade Grotcp

(i) Furniturn and CaMlvt Making.
(ii) \I1ood Carving and I d a y work.
(iii) Joiaery.
(iv) Wood Turning & W u e r ti'ork.
L

15
4. Droflinp Trorfcr Group
( i ) Mechanical Draftins.
( i i ) Civil L>r:+ftins.

5. Prinlin~o~rdGrapirir T ~ N I , ' Group

~,s
( i ) Elementary Printing.
(ii) Book-binding.

6. Ceramics Trades Grortp

r ( i ) Ceramics.
(ii) Glass-making.

7. Building Trades Group

( i ) Building Trades (blaio~iryPaintins & distemper in^).
(ii) Elementary Surveying.

8. Tcsriles Trades Group

( i ) Dyeing. Drycleaning 6: Laundry.
(ii) Plain Weaving.
(iii) Carpet Weaving.

9. AIIIOTrades Gronp
( i ) Auto Servicing.
(ii) Denting and Spray Painting.
(iii) Auto Electricity.
(iv) Agricultural Implements Repairing.

10. Refrigerafion nnd Air Condirionin~Trodcs Grorrp

( i ) Refrigerator and Air-conditioner Servicing.

11. Miscellaneous Trades Crorrp

( i ) Leather Work.

.' (ii) Watch Repairing.

(iii) Rubber and Plastics.
(iv) Gents Tailoring.

Home Economics.-Student may takc " Principles of Home Economics "

\!,hich is a compulsory suhjccl carryin? 50 marks ar,J
nny onc of the suhjccts from h'. 2 to 10. each carrying
200 marks.

1. Principles of Home Economics 2. Related Art.

(Compulsory).
. Hand and Machine Embroidery. 4. Drafting and Garment Making.

5. Hand and Machine Kni~tingand 6. Stuffed Toyc & Doll Making

Chrochctings.

7. Conrcctionnry and Bakery. 8. Prerervatioii of Fruits, Vegetables

and Other Food.

9. Care and Guidance of Children. 10. Farm Houseliold Management.

 Printed
by
The M u n u ~ e r
Prinrinq Corporrrrion of Pukislcm Prc.).~
Islrrmr~bud