Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Calibrations
General information about the calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 2 The I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 2 New pressure transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 3 I2C
Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 3 Calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 4 Why is calibration needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 4 Calibrating
the AD-systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 5 Calibration errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 7: 5 Calibration errors - Pressure transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 5 Test equipment . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 6 Calibration of AD-converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 7: 8 Location of testpoints for AD converter calibration . . . . . . . . . 7: 9 Calibration of
linear transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:10 Selection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:11 Venous pressure transducer calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:12 Arterial
pressure transducer calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:14 Priming detector calibration . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:16 Occlusion adjustment, blood pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:17
Adjustment instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:17 Blood leak detector calibration . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:18 Variable flow calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:20
Conductivity transducer calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:22 Dialysis pressure transducer
calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:24 Degassing pressure transducer calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7:26 HPG pressure transducer calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:28 pH transducer calibration . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:30 Pressure regulator calibration, PR 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7:32 Pressure regulator calibration, PR 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:33 UF cell calibration . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:34 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 7:34 Prerequisite for the complete UF cell calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:35 UF cell calibration:
Complete mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:36 During the UF cell calibration: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 7:37 When the automatic UF cell calibration is finished: . . . . . . . . . . 7:38 If the calibration is out
of limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:38 UF cell calibration: Intern mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 7:39 When the internal UF cell calibration is ready: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:39 UF cell calibration: Verify
mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:40 During the verification of the UF cell calibration: . . . . . . . . .
. . 7:41 When the verification of the UF cell calibration is finished: ... 7:42 BPM test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:43 Test method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 7:43 BPM sub-tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:43 Check of air leakage . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:43 Check of inflation speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7:44 Check of pressure transducer calibration and measured pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:44
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:1
General information about the calibrations
During the calibration the compensation values (offset and coefficient) are calculated by AK 96
dialysis machine and stored in a small (128 bytes) E2PROM (Electrically Erasable
Programmable Read-Only Memory) placed on the actual transducer’s board.
In the beginning of the functional check the AK 96 dialysis machine will check and read all
transducer E2PROMs, and place the values in RAM to be used for the compensation.
The I2C-bus The AK 96 dialysis machine uses a separate bus – the I2C-bus – to communicate
with the transducers. The E2PROM on a transducer board contains an address – information
about the board’s physical position on the transducer motherboard (FM I/O board), physically
placed on top of the UF-measuring cell:
Transducer board
FM I/O board
UF-measuring cell
The arrangement ensures that transducers can not be interchanged without a complaint (= a
technical error) from the machine. The address – the ID-number – for a given transducer must
correspond to its physical position (the “slot”) on the transducer motherboard (FM I/O board).
The communication between a CPU and a set of transducers takes place through the I2Cbus. One
I2C-bus can handle eight E2PROMs (also called I2C-PROMs):
Transducer
Transducer
Transducer board
board
board
E
2
PROM
E
2
PROM
E
2
PROM
I2C bus
CPU
7:2 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
There are four I2c buses, three of them are connected to transducers and the fourth is for
communication between CPU P and CPU W. Here is an overview:
CPU C:
RTM
Not Used Regulator
Cond A
HPG Not Used Degassing
Not Used Run Time
temp.
Temp A
Pressure Meter
PT-100 at heater.
E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM
Address
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CPU C
I2C bus A (I2CCA)
Not Used Venous
UF-cell
Cond B
Not Used A/D Conv Not Used Not Used Pressure
Channel 1
Temp B
MM 95 CPU C
Channel 2
ref. volt.
E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM
Address
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CPU C
I2C bus B (I2CCB)
CPU P:
I2C bus A (I2CPA) not used!
Blood
Not Used pH Cond P
Diascan Dialysis
Venous
Arterial leak
Temp P
pressure
pressure
pressure
E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM E
2
PROM
Address
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CPU P
I2C bus B (I2CPB)
CPU P
To compensate for these two, the machine must calculate an offset value which will bring the line
to cross through the zero point, and a calibration coefficient – a factor, typically between 0.90 –
1.10 which will correct the slope of the line so it matches the ideal.
No pressure
+500mmHg
E
2
PROM
-500mmHg
Note
Never try to fit a another transducer board to a transducer since there is an analog trimming made with a resistor
(laser trimmed) during manufacturing.
Note
7:4 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
Calibrating the AD-systems Since all transducers are read by an AD-system (MUX +
AD-converter), it is necessary to calibrate these before calibration of any transducer. There are
four different AD-converters in the AK 96 dialysis machine according to page 7: 8
An AD calibration is very simple: It involves measuring the voltage across a resistor (a reference
voltage), and entering the reading in the respective calibration menus.
Calibration errors If the machine finds that one of the calculations generated an offset or a
coefficient which is outside its limits, it will generate a calibration error. There are several
possibilities:
Calibration error Reason for the error
Set value and measured value are too separated
If a value, far away from the reading on the reference instrument is entered. Typically, entering a positive
pressure, when the actual pressure is negative.
Set value is too near values entered earlier
The calibration achieves highest accuracy, if the measuring points are far apart.
A three-point calibration with zero, -15mm Hg and
+18 mmHg will generate a poor result.
Calibration errors - Pressure transducers If the AK 96 dialysis machine finds, during the pressure
transducer calibration procedure, that a calculated offset or calibration coefficient is outside
certain limits, a calibration error appears. These limits are:
• Offset: ±20 mmHg
• Calibration Coefficient: 0.9 – 1.1
• Correlation Coefficient: Low limit 0.95
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:5
Test equipment
Following calibration instructions are based on the availability of some test equipment, listed
below:
Test equipment Tolerance Manufacturer Order no
Conductivity measurement
±0.1 mS/cm MESA, IBP
Pressure measurement ±2 mmHg to ±200 mmHg ±1% beyond ±200 mmHg If BPM is installed: ±0.8 mmHg"
MESA, IBP, Druck
UF calibration box Gambro K21908002
Temperature measurement:
±0.2 oC MESA, IBP
Digital Voltmeter ±0.5% Fluke
Blood leak Calibration Cover
N/A Gambro K40169001
Gauge pin kit for blood pump rollers (including three different pins)
T = 1.1 (Stop pin = 1.1x2x0.7 = 1.5 mm) T = 1.6 (Stop pin = 1.6x2x0.7 = 2.2 mm) T = 2.0 (Stop pin = 2.0x2x0.7 = 2.8 mm) T =
wall thickness of the blood tubing
Gambro K40158001
Gauge pin kit for blood pump rollers (to be ordered separately)
T = 1.1 (Stop pin = 1.1x2x0.7 = 1.5 mm) T = 1.6 (Stop pin = 1.6x2x0.7 = 2.2 mm) T = 2.0 (Stop pin = 2.0x2x0.7 = 2.8 mm) T =
wall thickness of the blood tubing
Gambro K40158002 K40158003 K40158004
Calibration tube kit N/A Gambro K13983002
Tube for calibration of priming detector
N/A
BPM test equipment N/A Gambro K22151001
BPM Cuff N/A Gambro 110350
pH buffers ± 0.07 pH units pH 7- 100810001
pH 9 - 100810002
Special tool For silicone tube connectors Gambro K12755001
7:6 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
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HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:7
Calibration of AD-converters
1. Start the AK 96 dialysis machine, enter the Service menu and select
Calibrations.
2. Choose AD-converter.
When selecting “AD-converter” following display appears:
SELECT AD-CONVERTER CPU-C CPU-P CPU-W MM95
3. Select AD-converter to calibrate with the Cursor keys and press the
Select key to enter the calibration.
CPU X AD LOW REF SET HIGH xx.xx mV xx.xx xx.xx xx.xx
4. Measure the voltage (using a 4.5 digit voltmeter), between following
testpoints or across the resistor:
CPU Testpoint
Ref
Tetspoint Circuit board Limits
(mV)
CPU-C TP 6 TP 5 Control Driver
board
45.00 - 55.00
CPU-P TP 1 TP 2 Protective Driver
board
45.00 - 55.00
CPU-W TP 3 TP 4 Protective CPU
board
4500 - 5500
MM 95 R 24 R 24 MM I/O board 45.00 - 55.00
5. Set the “AD REF VOLTAGE” on the display to the value shown on
the voltmeter and press the Select key.
6. Press the lit UF Start/Stop button to load the value into the E2PROM.
CPU X AD-REF VOLTAGE STORED
7. Press the Back key to exit.
7:8 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
Location of testpoints for AD converter calibration
TP 6
AD ref voltage range: AD ref voltage range:
45.00 to 55.00 mV 45.00 to 55.00 mV
PVREF
TP1 TP 5
TP2
CPU C A/D ref
Z0VAD
Control driver board Protective driver board
AD ref voltage range: 4.500 to 5.500 V
TP3 WREF
CPU W PROM
CPU W SafeRAM
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:9
MM I/O AD ref voltage range: 45.00 to 55.00 mV
(TP1) (TP2) TP4 Z0VRW
R24
pH plug
Protective CPU board MM I/O board
Calibration of linear transducers
1. Start the AK 96 dialysis machine, enter the Service menu and select
Calibrations.
2. Choose Transducers.
3. Select Extern or Internal flow support.
Note
• Select Extern for no flow (pumps stopped).
• Select Internal and the AK 96 maintains a flow during the calibration.
Note
Support condition for different calibrations
Calibration Flow support condition
Venous pressure transducer CPU P Internal or External
Venous pressure transducer CPU C Internal or External
Arterial pressure transducer Internal or External
Priming detector Internal or External
Blood leak detector Internal
Conductivity cell Internal
Dialysis pressure transducer External
Degassing pressure transducer External
HPG pressure transducer External
pH transducer External
Run time meter Internal or External
Use the gauge pins (stop/go) available in the kit K40158001. The kit includes following three
different gauge pins: T = 1.1 (Stop pin = 1.1x2x0.7 = 1.5mm) T = 1.6 (Stop pin = 1.6x2x0.7 =
2.2mm) T = 2.0 (Stop pin = 2.0x2x0.7 = 2.8mm)
T = wall thickness of the blood tubing
Use following formula to calculate which gauge pin to use: 2 x wall thickness x 0,7 (mm)
Adjustment instruction Check the range between the blood pump rollers and the path according
to the picture below. Adjust range between the blood pump rollers and the path if it is necessary.
Blood leak detector calibration
1. Make sure there is no fluid in the AK 96 monitor. If there is fluid in the monitor, press
Rinse/Disinfection-button to drain the machine.
2. Remove the blood leak detector cover and clean the inside of the
blood leak housing.
3. Mount a blood leak calibration cover (K40169001).
4. Start the AK 96 dialysis machine, enter the Service menu and select
Calibrations.
5. Select Transducer, Intern and BLOOD LEAK DETECTOR
from the selection diagram.
6. Place the A-pickup tube in the concentrate container.
7. Press the Select key to enter the Blood leak calibration routine.
Let the machine stabilize in conductivity and temperature a few minutes. Wait for green fluid
path.
8. Make sure the filter is in horizontal position and set “REF SET” to 0.
9. Press the Select key when the BL LEAK value is stable.
10. Turn the calibration filter to vertical position and set “REF SET”
to 100.
11. When the BL LEAK value is stable, press the Select key to enter the
setting.
12. The machine now enters the sensitivity calibration.
Press the Select key to continue.
13. Press the lit UF Start/Stop button to store the calibration values.
14. The calibration is completed when the information display shows:
EEPROM STORAGE COMPLETED Press BACK to exit
7:18 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
15. Press the Back key to exit.
16. Drain the AK 96 dialysis machine and remount the standard blood
leak cover.
Note
If the calibration is to be aborted without saving the new calibration values: Press Back key.
Note
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:19
Variable flow calibration
The variable flow calibration will set the number of steps needed to obtain a flow of 500 ml/min.
The value will then be used during functional check and when entering service mode as the flow
always should be 500 ml/min in functional check and service mode.
1. Start the AK 96 dialysis machine, enter the Service menu and select
Calibrations.
2. Place A-pickup tube in the concentrate container.
3. Select Other / Variable flow to initiate the calibration.
4. Following text will be displayed during the calibration:
STEPS: XXX FLOW: ---- ml/min Please wait. Press BACK to abort
STEPS: the position of the stepper motor FLOW: the average dialysis flow
5. When the AK 96 dialysis machine has found a new calibration value it will automatically store
the value in the Safe-RAM. Following text will automatically appear:
ADJUSTING VARIABLE DIALYSIS FLOW Please wait XX seconds
6. At the end of the calibration the new calibration data is displayed:
VAR. FLOW MOTOR POSITION STORED NEW VALUE: XXX OLD VALUE: YYY
7. Press the Back key to finish the calibration.
7:20 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
Note
During the variable flow calibration it is possible to supervise the conductivity and temperature.
If variable flow is not installed following attention will be displayed:
1. Start the AK 96 dialysis machine, enter the Service menu and select
Calibrations.
2. Select Transducer, Intern.
3. Select the conductivity transducer to be calibrated from the selection
diagram. The possible cond. cell calibrations are:
• CONDUCTIVITY A TRANSDUCER
• CONDUCTIVITY B TRANSDUCER
• CONDUCTIVITY P TRANSDUCER
• CONDUCTIVITY ABP TRANSDUCERS
4. Press the Fluid bypass button.
5. Connect the Gambro reference instrument to the dialyzer connectors.
6. Press the Fluid bypass button.
7. Connect both A- and B-concentrate connectors to the AK 96.
8. Let the AK 96 and the reference instrument stabilize for at least 30 minutes. Make sure that
the machine is not in bypass, i.e. the Fluid bypass button is not lit.
Note
There must be flow through the measuring cell of the reference instrument during the conductivity cell calibration.
Note
15. Press the Select key to confirm that the calibration shall continue.
16. When the calibration display returns, press the lit UF Start/Stop button
to load the calibration values into the E2PROM.
17. The calibration is completed when the information display shows:
EEPROM STORAGE COMPLETED Press BACK to exit
18. Press the Back key to exit.
19. Remount the pH-sensor into the pH sensor housing.
Note
If the calibration is to be aborted without saving the new calibration values: Press Back key.
Note
Note
• pH calibration should be performed (according to the Maintenance manual) on a regular basis to ensure optimum
performance.
Note
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:31
Pressure regulator calibration, PR 1
1. Turn off the water supply.
2. Connect Gambro reference instrument just before the INPS pressure
switch, according to following figure.
D
X
PR 2
C
A
INPS Pressure regulator, PR 1
B
Ch1 is the channel used to measure the main flow to the dialyzer and Ch2 is used to measure the
flow from the dialyzer, i.e. the sum of the main flow and the UF flow. The UF flow is the
difference between Ch2 and Ch1 flows. UF flow is also called differential flow.
The UF cell calibration routine can be run in 3 different modes. The modes are Complete, Intern
and Verify.
• Select Complete for an automatic UF cell calibration.
• Select Intern for an internal calibration (taration but updating the E2PROM instead of RAM).
This is done without the external UF calibration equipment connected to the AK 96 dialysis
machine.
• Select Verify for a verification of the result from the latest calibration.
7:34 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
Prerequisite for the complete UF cell calibration
• Perform both a disinfection and a cleaning decalcification to remove both organic and calcium
precipitates, according to the AK 96 Operator’s Manual.
• For machines with variable flow: Make sure the variable flow is calibrated before performing
the UF cell calibration. Refer to page: 7:20
• The Complete calibration routine requires that the external UF calibration station (ordering no.
K21908002) is connected to the AK 96, see fig. below.
AK 96 High Level
V.ref.
Low Level
UFVA
Flow in/out
Connection for the UF calibration cable
24 V DC from power adapter
Dialysis fluid nipples Drain nipple
The equipment contains a reference volume, a flow directing valve (UFVA) and electronics. The
UF calibration station controls the directing valve by measuring low level and high level of the
reference volume and depending on the selected UF mode the valve will become closed or
opened when low or high level is detected.
Low Level fill up. The reference is filled just over the first
level transducer. Low Level drain. The reference is emptied just below the
first Level transducer. High Level fill up. The reference is filled to just over the
second level transducer. High level drain. The reference is emptied just below the
second Level transducer.
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:35
UF cell calibration: Complete mode
Note
• Make sure that the AK 96 dialysis machine is complete shut down. All electrical connections must be done before
the power for AK 96 is turned on.
• Be aware of that there is no main switch on the UF calibration box.
Note
If the calibration is out of limits If the calibration is out of limits then it will be displayed as
calibration failed.
The maximum limits are:
• UF volume deviation ±1.0 %
• Isolated UF volume ±1.0 %
Note
The other values such as offset and coefficients can be found in the GXL menu for UF Calibration logging: For Ch1
and Ch2 Offset ±500 Coefficient 0.92-1.02
Note
Note
The equipment is turned off in the following order: 1. Press AK 96 ON/OFF button.
2. Turn off the AK 96 main switch.
3. Disconnect the UF calibration box from the power socket.
Note
7:38 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008
UF cell calibration: Intern mode
Note
Select Intern for an internal calibration (taration but updating the E2PROM instead of RAM). This is done without
the external UF calibration equipment connected to the AK 96 dialysis machine.
Note
1. Start the AK 96 with the main switch and the ON/OFF button.
2. Place B-pickup tube in the concentrate container.
3. Enter the Service menu
4. Select Calibrations/Transducers/UF/Intern.
The internal UF cell calibration runs automatically, until the calibration is finished.
When the internal UF cell calibration is ready: After the calibration, AK 96 displays:
INTERNAL UF CALIBRATION READY SELECT for info, BACK to save
Press the Select key to show more information.
Press the Back key to save the calibrations values.
When the storage is completed, AK 96 displays:
EEPROM STORAGE COMPLETED Press BACK to exit
When ready, press the Back key to exit the internal UF cell calibration.
HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008 AK 96 - Calibrations 7:39
UF cell calibration: Verify mode
Note
• Make sure that the AK 96 dialysis machine is complete shut down. All electrical connections must be done before
the power for AK 96 dialysis machine is turned on.
• Be aware of that there is no main switch on the UF calibration box.
Note
When “Measured pressure” is displayed it is possible to start applying the external reference
pressure.
Note
Pressures shall be applied very carefully so that no over pressures occur.
Note
To check the actual pressure value, external pressure reference instrument to be connected and
external pressure of 250, 150, 50 mm Hg to be applied. Check deviation from reference pressure
instrument for displayed value.
7:44 AK 96 - Calibrations HCEN12212 Revision.05.2008