48. Peter’s flat is hot. He wishes . a. that it were not b. if it was not c. it had not been. if it would not 49. The film was so bad. We wish our money on it. a. if we did not spend b. that we did not spend +c. that we had not spent d. whether we had not spent 50. We wish it raining soon so that we can depart our trip. a. stops b. will stop c. would stop _—_d. had stopped MODULE 12 PASSIVE FORM (Thé bi déng) Cau bi dong (passive sentence) 1a cau trong 46 chi ngit 18 ngudi hay vat nhén hoac chiu tac dong cia hanh dong. Cfch déi sang cau bi déng (Passive transformation) Active: Subject Verb Object Subject *— BE + past participle "by Object They built that bridge in 1999. (Ho xdy cay céu dé nam 1999.) > That bridge was built in 1999. (Cay edu dé duge xity nam 1999.) Present simple + amy is/ are + past participle Present continuous > am/is/ are + being + past participle Past simple + was/ were + past participle Past continuous ~» was/ were + being + past participle Present perfect > have/ has + been + past participle Past. perfect +> had + been + past participle Future simple -» will + be + past participle Future continuous + Wwill be + being + past participle Future perfect > will + have been + past participle Be going to > am is/ are going to + be + past participle Modal verbs + can, should, must,... + be + past participle Present infinitive > to be + past participle Perfect infinitive > to have been + past participle Present participle + being + past participle Perfect. participle ~» having been + past participle * Luu y: . - Chi c6 thé déi sang cau bi dong véi nhing cau cé ngoai dong tir (transi- tive verb). Déng tit fo be trong cau bi dong phai thich hgp véi thi (tense) cia céu chit dong va phi hgp véi chii tif bi dong (passive subject). Ce chai tir J, we, you, they, he, she, one, everyone, somebody, people trong cau chi dong thudng duge bé di trong cau bi dong. 74° rrAc NGUIEM New PHAR T E ANIL © LY THUYET VA BALTAP- Trang tit chi noi chén + BY (agent) + Trang tit chi théi gian Vi du: The vase was put on the table by Peter yesterday. - Trang tiv chi thé cach thudng diig gitta be va qué khit phan ti. Vi du: The problem has been carefully studied by the scientists. (Van dé da duge cée nha khoa hoc nghién citu ky.) e¢ Mét sé cau tric bi déng dac biét (Special passive structures) 1. Dong tit véi hai tan ngit (verb with two objects) Khi dong tir chi déng c6 hai tan ngif (objects) thi ci hai tan ngit déu cé thé lam chi ngit cho cdu bi dong. Tuy nhién tan ngit chi ngudi thutng duge stt dung hon. Vi du: My mother gave me (1.0) some money (D.0). — I was given some money by my mother. > Some money was given to me by my mother. 2. Dong tit chi giéc quan (verbs of perception: see, notice, hear, look, taste,...) ‘Active: S+ V+ 0 + bare-inf. / V-ing Passive: _S + be + past part. + to-inf. / V-ing Vi du: We saw her go/ going out of the house. — She was seen to go/ going out of the house. 3. Dong tix chi cdm xtc (like, love, hate, wish, prefer, hope,...) ‘Active S+V+ 0 + to.infinitive Passive: _S + V + 0 + to be + past part, Vi du: He wanted someone to take some photos. + He wanted some photos to be taken. 4, Dong tit chi ¥ kién Active: S + V G that) + clause (Sz + V2 + Oz...) Passive: + It + be + past participle (+ that) + clause + So + be + past participle + to-infinitive / to have + pp Vidu: People say (that) John is nice. — It is said (that) John is'nice > John is said to be nice. * Lutu y: Hanh dong cia ménh dé that xdy ra truéc hanh dong trong ménh 48 chinh thi ding perfect infinitive (to have + past participle). Vi du: They report that’ three victims were missing. — Three victims are reported to have been missing. 5. Thé sai khién (Causative form) Active: S + have + O (person) + bare-infinitive + O (thing) S + get + O (person) + to-infinitive + O (thing) Passive: S + have/ get + O (thing) + past participle Vi du: I will have some workers repair the roof./ I will get some workers to repair the roof. + I will have/ get the roof repaired.MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes the sentence, or that has the closest meaning to the original sentence. 1. yet? a. Has the essay been written b. Has the essay written c. Did the essay write d. Was the essay be written 2. nuclear waste is dangerous. a. It says b. It is said c. People is said d. It is saying 3. They have not used this typewriter for a long time. a. For a long time has not been used this typewriter. b. This typewriter has not used for a long time. c. This typewriter has been not used for a long time. d. This typewriter has not been used for a long\time. 4. All bottles before transportation. a. is frozé b. were frozen _¢, will been frozen d. have frozen 5. last year? a. Did this van buy b. Was this van bought c. Has this van bought d. Has this van been bought 6. The club president seriously ill. a. is said b. is said to bec. is said for being d. is said being 7. They do not allow smoking in schools. a, Smoking is not allowed in schools. b. Schools are not allowed smoking. c. In schools are not allowed smoking. d. Smoking in schools do not allow. 8. Peter and Tom ____ in an accident yesterday. a. are hurt b. were hurted —_c. were hurt d. have been hurt 9. The fire by an electrical fault. a. could have caused b. could been have caused c. could have been caused d. have caused 10. Learning English easy. a. says not to be b. said to be not c. is said be not d. is said not to be 11. We are waiting for the telephone so that we can have a talk to our son. a. be connecting b. to be connected c. connected d. be connect 12. My house white. a. used to paint b. are used to being painted c. used to be painted d. used to painted 13. Chinese by more than one billion people all over the world. a. speaks b. is speaking —_c. spoken 4. is spoken 14. Modern zoos are very different from zoos which fifty years ago. a, was built b. was building c. tobe built. —_. building 15. Who established that museum? a, Who was established that museum? b. Was that museum established by who? c. By whom was that museum established? d, Did that museum establish by whom? 76 mde NGMIEM Not PHAP TIENG ANIL « LY-THUYED VA BAL TAP16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 2 8S 28. 29. ‘They think that someone started the fire on purpose. a. Someone is thought to start the fire on purpose. b. They think that the fire which was started by someone on purpose. c. The fire is thought to be started on purpose. d. The fire is thought to have been started on purpose. The player quickly from the fall. a. reported to be recovered b, reported to has recovered c. is reported to have recovered d. is reported to have been recovered The little boy put the fish in the pool and immediately it was nowhere a. to see b. saw c. to be seeing. to be seen. Up to now Down’s syndrome a. have not been cured b. have not to be cured c. have not cured d. have not been curing ‘They do not understand what he is saying. a. He is not being understood. b. He does not understanding what is being said. c. What is being said does not understand. d. What he is saying is not understood. The prisoner yesterday. a. released b. has released —_. was released —_d. has been released That machine eggs. a. is used for grading b, is used grading c. used to grade d. is used to grading I am looking for the report which on the table. a. placed b has been placed c. was placing — d. has placed They consider stamp collecting as a favorite pastime. a. A favorite pastime is considered stamp collecting. b. A favorite pastime is to be considered stamp collecting by them. c. Stamp collecting is considered as a favorite pastime. d. Stamp collecting is considered to be as a favorite pastime. Sea turtle eggs to protect from by other animals. a. are buried / being eaten b. buried / to be eaten c. are burying / eating d. be buried / eaten The cutting down of trees ____-__ to prevent forest destruction. a. should control b. should be controlled c. would control d. controlling . The first turtles about 200 million years ago. a. believed,to exist b. are believing to be existed c. believed to be existed d. are believed to have existed We cannot do this a. This cannot do. b. This cannot do by us. c. This cannot be done d. This cannot to be done -They do not know anything about the extinction of that species. a, Anything about the extinction of that species is not known by them. b. The extinction of that species is not known anything. MopuLé 12 77c. Nothing is known about the extinction of that species. d. Nothing about the extinction of that species is not known. 30. Wood pulp is used for making paper. a. People use wood pulp to make paper. b. Paper is made by wood pulp. c. To make paper is used by wood pulp. d. People are used wood pulp to make paper. 31. John wrote this novel, didn’t he? a. This novel was written by John, didn’t he? b. This novel was written by John, wasn’t it? c. Did this novel be written by John, didn’t he? d. Did this novel be written by John, didn’t it? 32. The reclaiming of land to conserve the environment. a. should carried out b. should carry out. c. should be carried out d. should have been carried out. 33. The vase of roses was put a. on the table by Mary yesterday morning b. on the table yesterday morning by Mary c. by Mary on the table yesterday morning d. yesterday morning on the table by Mary 34, Computers since 1940s. a. is in used b. was used toc. used d. have been in use 35. Before the Industrial Revolution to America, the majority of the population lived in the countryside. a, has come b. has been come c. had come d. had been come 36. Our work before the boss next week. a. will have completed / returns _b. will have been completed / returns c. will have completed / is returned d. will have been completed / will be returned 37. When did they first discover that island? a. When did that island first discover? b. When was that island first discovered? c. When that island was first discovered? d. When was first discovered that island? 38, Our plan by the members of the committee. a. considers b. considered —_c. is considering d. is being considered 39. Unfortunately, the patient to hospital too late. a. sent b. has sent c. had sent d. was sent 40. No one has told me about the project before a, The project has not told to me before. b. The project has been not told to me before. c. [have not told about the project before. d. I have not been told about the project before. 41, Preparations during last month before the competition started. a. had made b. had being made c. had been being made d. had been making 78 rnd NGHIEM NGU PHAP: ING ANH # LY THUYE'T VA BAL TAP42, Some scientists report that dolphins have a brain capacity larger than human beings’. a. A brain capacity larger than human beings’ that dolphins have to be reported. b. Dolphins are reported having a brain capacity larger than human beings’. c. Dolphins are reported to have a brain capacity larger than human beings’. d. Dolphins are reported that they have a brain capacity larger than human beings’ 43. The project secret. Everybody about it soon. a. could not been kept / is learnt _b. could not be kept / learnt c. could not be keep / was learnt —_d. could not kept / is learned 44. Daisy was angry that she a book which a. had been given / was badly damaged b. has been given / badly damaged c. was giving / is damaged badly. has given / damaged badly 45. We are worried about the damage by fires. a. that caused _b. causing c. caused d. was caused 46. The money soon after I receive my salary. a. will give Peter b. will be given Peter c. will be given to Peter d, will have given to Peter 47. Everybody congratulated him on his successful journey to explore the Everest. a. His successful journey to explore the Everest was congratulated on him. b. His successful journey was congratulated on him to explore the Everest. c. He was congratulated on his successful journey to explore the Everest. d. He was congratulated by anybody on his successful journey to explore the Everest. 48. Are you fond of the job they have offered you? a. Are you fond of the job which has been offered to you? b. Have they offered you the job that you are fond of? c. Are you fond of the job has been offered to you? d. Have you been fond of the job which has offered to you? 49. Lectures on the Internet. a. are recorded and posted b. are recorded and post c. are recording and posted d. are recording and be posted 50. Not much about the accident since that time. a. has said b. it is said c. had said d. has been said REPORTED SPEECH (CAU GIAN TIEP) Lai noi gidn tiép (reported speech) 1a Idi tuéng thuat lai ¥ cia ngudi n6i, doi khi khong cdn phai ding ding nhing ti cia ngudi néi. Direct speech: Peter said, “I am very busy.” (Peter ndi: “Ti rat bGn.”) Reported Speech: Peter said (that) he was very busy. (Peter néi (rdng) anh dy rat ban.) mopuLe 13 79« Cdch déi ti cau tru tiép sang cau gidn tiép. 1. Cau tran thuat (statements) a. Ding dong tir giéi thigu say hoac tell: say (that), say to somebody (that), tell somebody (that) b. Déi céc dai tiv nhan xung, dai tit hoac tinh ti sé hiu, dai tir phan than sao cho tuong ting véi chi ngit hodc tan ngif ciia ménh dé chinh. c. Déi thi cia dong tif thanh thi qué khit tuong ting. Simple Present > Simple Past Present Continuous + Past Continuous Present Perfect ~» Past Perfect Simple Past —> Past Perfect Past Continuous > Past Perfect Continuous Will / Shall / Can / May > Would / Should / Could / Might Must / Have to > Had to * Luu y: Khong déi thi trong cdu gidn tiép khi dong tir gidi thigu 6 thi hién tai (present simple, present continuous, present perfect), cau din truc tiép la cAu diéu kién khong cé that, hodc cau tryc tiép dién ta mot chan ly, mét su that hién nhién. d. Déi mét sé céc tinh tit chi dinh, trang tir hodc trang ngit chi thdi gian, noi chén. ‘This / These > That / Those Now — Then Ago — Before Today / Tonight — That day / That night Tomorrow — The next day, The following day Yesterday -> The day before, The previous day Next week/ month — The following week/ month The week/ month after Last week/ month — The previous week/ month ‘The week / month / year before Here — There Mary said to Peter, “I have seen this film.” > Mary told Peter (that) she had seen that film. (Mary néi vdi Peter (réing) c6 dy da xem b6 phim dé réi.) 2. Cau hédi (questions) a. Cau hdi Yes - No (Yes - No question) - Dang céc dong tit gidi thigu: ask, inquire, wonder, want to know. - Dang if ho&c whether sau dong tit gidi thigu. - Déi cau tric cau héi thanh cau tran thuat. - Déi thi cia dong tis, dai ti, tinh ti, trang tit (gidng cach déi trong cau tran thuat). Vi du: Tom said to Mary, “Will you come next week?” > Tom asked Mary if / whether she would come the following week. (Tom héi Mary tudn sau e6 dén khong.) 80) rrAc NGHIEM NCU PHAP 1b. Cau hédi Wh- (Wh-question) - Ding céc dong tit gidi thigu: ask, inquire, wonder, want to know. - Lap lai tir dé héi (what, where, when, why,...) sau dong ti gidi thigu. - Déi cu tric cau hédi thanh céu tran thuat. - Déi thi ctia dong tis, dai tit, tinh tir, trang tit. Vi du: Tom asked me, “Where can I buy some wine?” — Tom asked me where he could buy some wine. (Tom héi t6i anh dy cé thé mua rugu 6 dau.) 8. Cau ménh lénh, cau yéu cau, ldi dé nghi, 1éi khuyén, v.v. (re- quests, orders, offers, advices, ect.) - Ding dong tif gidi thiéu ask, tell, order, request, offer, advise, ... . - Dat tan ngit chi ngudi nhan lénh (néu cé) sau dong tif gidi thigu. - Ding dang nguyén miu cé to (to-infinitive) clia dong tit trong cau tryc ‘Vi du: The teacher said to his students, “Keep silent, please.” — The teacher asked his students to keep silent. (Thdy gido yéu cau hoc sinh git yén lang.) ‘Tom told me, “You shouldn’t go home late.” > Tom advised me not to go home late. (Tom khuyén toi khong nén vé nha tré.) Peter said to me, “I will help you.” — Peter promised to help me. (Peter hia gitip ti.) 4, Cau cam than (Exclamation) Cau cam than thung duge thuat lai bang dong tir exclaim, say that. Vi du: Peter said, “How beautiful your dress is!” > Peter exclaimed / said (that) my dress was beautiful. (Peter thét lén/ noi rang do t6i dep qua.) 5. Cau hén hgp (Mixed types) Khi déi cu hén hgp sang cau gidn tiép ta d6i theo tiing phan, ding dong tif gidi thiéu riéng cho ting phan. Vi du: Peter said, “Hi, Mary. How are you?” — Peter greeted Mary and asked how she was. (Peter chao Mary va héi c6 dy c6 khée khong.) Peter said, “What time is it? I must go now.” >» Peter asked what time it was and said that he had to go then. (Peter hdi may gid va ndi anh Gy phdi di.) MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes the sentence, or that has the closest meaning to the original one. 1. She told the boys on the grass. a. donot play b. not playing —_c. did not play. not to play 2. The teacher told Jim a. to stop talking b. stop talking c. stops talking d. stopped talking mopuLe 1s 811 1 1 S 13. 14, 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 82 Ss . The mother told her son so impolitely. a. not behave b. not to behave c. not behaving d. did not behave He asked him the books he needed. a. her to lend b. she to lend c. she has lent d. she lends She told him a. patient b. to be patient c. was patient —_d. that being patient . Tom told me that they theat since . a. have not eaten / last year b. did not eat / the following year c. had not eaten / the year before —_d. would not eat / the next year She said she take me home after school. a. would b. did c. must d. had I have ever told you he unreliable. a. is b. were c. had been d. would be John said he had worked on the report since . a. yesterday b. two days ago. the day before d. the next day John told me that . a. I must go now b. he must go now c. he had to go now d. he had to go then She said she __ a. was very tired last night b. was very tired the night before c. had been very tired last night —_d. had been very tired the night before . John said that he had worked as a computer programmer five years a. ago b. before c. later d. then They said that they their parents to repaint the house at 10 o'clock the previous day. a. had helped b. was helping c. have been helping d. had been helping The teacher advised his students that book carefully because it good for 7 a. to read / was / them b. read / is / him c. that reading /be/us * d. to-read / was / you John said, “It is hot. Please open the window, Mary.” a, John asked Mary it was hot and open the window. b. John said it was hot and asked Mary to open the window. c. John asked Mary it was hot to open the window. d. John said it was hot Mary to open the window. I______ you everything I am doing, and you have to do the same. a. will tell b. would tell c. told d. was telling John said that his brother at home then. a. is b. was c. were d. has been John told me that he his best in the exam . a. would do / the day before b. had done / the following day c. will do / tomorrow d. would do / the following day John wanted to know if I was leaving the Saturday. a, following b. ago ¢. previous d. before ‘TRAC NGHIEM NGU PHAP TIENG ANH © LY-THUYE'T VA BALTAP.20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 3 32. Jason asked me me the book the day before. a. if who gave —_b. if who has given c. who had given d. that who had given He asked me__ a. where we could meet the following day b. where if we could meet tomorrow c. that where we could meet the following day d. where can we meet tomorrow “Who does this car belong to?” said the woman. a. The woman asked me who does this car belong to. b. The woman asked who did that car belong to. c. The woman told who that car belonged to. d. The woman wanted to know who that car belonged to. I wonder a. where he has gone b. where has he gone c. he has gone where d. has he gone where John asked me in English. a. what does this word mean b. what that word means c. what did this word mean d. what that word meant Could you please tell me 2 a. what is the time b. what the time c. what the time is d. is what the time Nancy asked me to New York the summer - . a. why I had not gone/ previous _—_b. why hadn't I gone/ following c. why had I not gone / after d. why I had not gone / before She asked her boyfriend . a. where was her hat b. where her hat was ¢. was where her hat d. her hat was where Peter said, “Hello, Mary. How are you?” a. Peter greeted Mary and asked how she was. b. Peter said hello Mary and how she was. c. Peter told Mary hello and how she was. d. Peter said Mary hello and asked how was she. John asked me a. when were you born b. when had you born c. when I had been born d. when I was born John asked Mary that film the night before. a, that she saw b. had she seen. if she had seen d. if had she seen John asked me interested in football. +a. if I were b. if were I b. if was I b. if I was “You are an accountant, aren’t you, Daisy?” said John. a. John asked Daisy was she an accountant. b. John asked Daisy if she wasn’t an accountant. c. John asked Daisy whether she was an accountant or not. d. John said that Daisy was an accountant. mopuLe 13 83.33. He wanted to know for a picnic the previous morning. a. if we had been going b. that if we had been going c, we were going d. that we were going 34, He asked his sister . a, that she needs any help b. whether you need any help c. if she needed any help d. if did she need any help 35. John asked us not to make so much noise he was working. a. and that if —b. and c. and that d. and added that 36. He asked me Robert and I said I did not know a. that did I know / who were Robertb. that I knew / who Robert were c. if I knew / who Robert was d. whether I knew / who was Robert 37. Johnny said ____ he had had more money he would have rebuilt his house. a. if that b. that if c. that d. whether that 38. Mary told me home at that moment she her parents with the farm work. a. that if she was / had helped b. if she were / will have helped c. that if she had been / would have helped d. that she had been / would have helped 39. Jane asked her teacher the homework that week. a, if she had to do b. if she has to do c. that she must do 4d. if did she have to do 40. The host asked Peter tea or coffee. a. whether he preferred b. that he preferred c. did he prefer d. if he prefers 41, Tim asked Sarah ___ English so far. a. she had been learning how long _b. how long was she learning c. how long she has been learning d. how long she had been learning 42. “Teacher, may I go out?” the student said. a. The student asked his teacher for permission to go out. b. The student told his teacher to go out, c. The student suggested his teacher go out. d. The student wanted to get a recommendation to go out. 43. “Hurry up! Do it quickly!” the group leader a. advised b. urged c. agreed d. promised 44. “Waiter, please bring me some more tea,” the customer _____. a. begged b. ordered c. promised a. urged 45. “Go on, Susan! Apply the job,” the father. a. The father invited Susan to apply the job b. The father denied applying the job. c. The father encouraged Susan to apply the job. d. The father wanted Susan not to apply the job 46. “Let’s go out for a drink,” said Peter. a. Peter suggested going out for a drink. b. Peter let us go out for a drink. c. Peter promised to go out for a drink. d. Peter thanked on having a drink. 84 rede Nami Now PHAP THE FANH © LY THUYET VA BAL TAP,47. 48. 49. 50. Mary apologized the teacher for being late for class. a. ‘I will be late,” Mary said to the teacher. b. “I won't be late,” Mary said to the teacher. c. “Excuse me for being late, sir,” Mary said to the teacher. d. “I won't be late for the class,” Mary said to the teacher. a .” my father advised me. a. You ought to work harder b. I would rather work harder c. It is my duty to work harder d. It is worth working harder “Thank you very much for your help, Tom,” said Mary. a. Mary thanked Tom for helping her. b. Mary told Tom to help her. c. Mary wanted Tom to help her and said thanks. d. Mary would like Tom to help her. “What a beautiful dress you have, Mary!” Peter said. a. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress. b. Peter said what did Mary have a beautiful dress. c. Peter asked Mary to have a beautiful dress. d. Peter advised Mary to have a beautiful dress. | GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES . (Danh d6ng ti va d6ng tw nguyén mau) 1. GERUND (Danh d6ng tif) Danh dong tix (gerund) 1A hinh thie dong tir thém -ing. Danh dong tit c6 thé lam: 1. Chi ngiz (subjects) Vi du: Swimming is good for our health. (Boi I6i t6t cho sic khée.) 2. Tan ngi (objects) -Danh d6ng tir lam tan ngit truc ti’p sau cic dOng ti: admit (thi nhén), appreciate (cém kich), avoid (trdnh), delay (hodn lai), deny (phii nhdn), discuss (thdo ludn), enjoy (thich), imagine (tuéng tung), involve (cé lién quan), keep (giz, cit), mention (dé cGp), mind (phién), miss (b6 14), post- pone (hodn lai), practice (thy hanh), recall (nhé Iai), recollect (nhé Iai), report (bdo cdo), resent (khéng hai long), resist (phan déi), risk (liéu linh), suggest (dé nghij), tolerate (chiu dung). ‘Vi. du: We discussed selling the old car. (Chiing toi dé ban vé viée ban chiée xe hoi cit.) He admitted cheating on the test. (Anh ta thi nhdn vige gian lan trong ky thi.) MODULE 14 85.