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Clinical and applied anatomy

The nervous system
Cranial nerves (5th + 7th )

By
Dr. omer abdelsalam mohammed
2018

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 Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal

(GSA)
1. Main sensory nucleus : servers
mainly sense of touch.
2. Nucleus of the spinal trigeminal :
receives information of pain and
temperature.
3. Mesencephalic nucleus: serves
mainly proprioceptive sensation.

(SVE)
4. Trigeminal motor nucleus :
inervates muscles of mastication

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- Composed of three divisions: ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3)
- Fibers run from the face to the pons via the superior orbital fissure (V1), the
foramen rotundum (V2), and the foramen ovale (V3)
- Conveys sensory impulses from various areas of the face (V1) and (V2), and supplies
motor fibers (V3) for mastication

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 Innervations of the maxilla and mandible

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve :

1. The nasopalatine nerve, which passes through the incisive foramen.

2. The ante rior palatine nerve, which passes through the posterior palatine
foramena.

2
1

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3. The ante rior supe rior alve olar nerve supplies the maxillary central lateral and
cuspid teeth, plus their periodontal membrane and gingiva. This nerve also supplies
the maxillary sinus.
4. The middle supe rior alve olar nerve supplies the maxillary first and second
premolars, one of the root of the maxillary first molar and maxillary sinus.

5. The poste rior supe rior alve olar nerve supplies the other roots of the maxillary
first molar and the maxillary second and third molars, it also branches forward to
serve the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus.

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Mandibular division:

- Infe rior alveolar nerve, which subdivides int o:

§ Mylohyoid nerve branch

§ Small dent al nerves branches

§ Ment al nerve branch

§ Incisive nerve branch

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 Cranial Nerve VII: Facial Nerve

1. (SVE) Mot or nucle us of facial nerve (facial nucle us).

2. (GVE) Superior salivat ory nucle us

To chorda tympani branch and join the lingual branch of C.N. V3
3. (SVA) Gust at ory nucle us
(The rostral part of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius)
Enter the brain in the nervus intermedius and turn in the tractus
solitarius, then terminate in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius
4. (GSA) Nucleus of spinal t rigeminal t ract
From the nervus intermedius

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Cranial Nerve VII: Facial Nerve
Facial colliculus

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Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

* Fibers leave the pons, travel through the internal acoustic meatus, and emerge
through the stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face
* Mixed nerve with five major branches
* Motor functions include facial expression, and the transmittal of autonomic impulses
to lacrimal and salivary glands
* Sensory function is taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue

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Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

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