Standard Specification for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chloride for Roads and Structural Applications AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 143-91 (1996) AASHTO T 143-91 (1996) is identical to ASTM D 345-90 except for the following provisions. 1. All references to ASTM Standards C 136 and D 98 shall be replaced with AASHTO Standards T 27 and M 144, respectively. 2. Replace Section 6 of ASTM D 345-90 with the following “6. Sampling 6.1 Solid—Sample 2 shipment of the solid form calcium chloride for test purposes by selecting not less than three Containers at random from the shipment. Sample each of the containers by scraping aside the top layer to a depth of approximately 25 mm (1 in.) and taking 0.5 kg (1 1b) samples by means of a sampling thief or other method that will ensure a sample that is representative of a cross section of the material in the container to a depth of at least 152 mm (6 in.). Take precautions during the sampling operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. Immediately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to form a representative composite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container. 6.2 Liquid—Sample a shipment of liquid form calcium chloride for testing purposes by selecting not less than three samples from each container of the shipment by means of an appropriate sampling device or other method that will ensure a sample that is representative of the conteats of the container. Take precautions during the sampling ‘operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. Immediately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to form a representative composite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container.” . 3. Section 7.2.1 of ASTM D 345-90 is not included in AASHTO T 143-91 4, Replace the first two sentences of Section 7.2.2 of ASTM D 345-90 with the following sentence: “In a weighing bottle, weigh a sample of approximately 20 g to the nearest 0.1 g and dissolve in distilled water.” nee aE EE SS 439 |440, METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING qi Designation: D 345 - 90° Standard Test Method for 7143 ‘oie Race Se Praia epernd tot ova Soo ot AST Sinan Cop AST meio te cure comin te lope ihe near Sampling and Testing Calcium Chloride for Roads and Structural Applications’ “This standard is issued under the fted Ueignation D345: the number imma de sgn _ripina adoption or, inthe cs of revision. te year oflat reson. A number in parents indicates the ear lt Feapprova A supeneripn epsilon () indiates an editorial change since the lat revision Or approval This sondard hasbeen approved for use by arenes ofthe Department of Defense. Consul the DoD Index of Species and ‘Standards forthe specific year of sue whch has een adopted by the Department a Defense Rew The ie was corected edo Ia January WB. 1, Scope 1.1 This test method covers sampling of solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride, sieve analysis of solid form calcium chloride, and a rapid method of chemical analysis. Referee. procedures for chemical analysis are covered in Methods E 449, 1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard, 1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety Problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior 10 use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.41 ASTM Standards: C136 Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Age gregates?> 1D 98 Specification for Calcium Chloride? 1D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials? E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur- poses! E 449 Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride® 5. Significance and Use 3.1 This test method describes procedures to be used for sainpling calcium chloride, and for determining grading of solid forms of calcium chloride for comparison with the ‘requirements of a specification, such as Specification D 98. 3.2 The procedure of chemical analysis in this method determines total chlorides (CaCl,, MgCl, NaCl, KCl, etc.) present in the sample and expresses that value as calcium chloride. Since the calcium chloride content is not deter mined directly, no material shall be rejected under this ‘method of analysis. The percent calcium chloride to conform "This tes method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commitee D-4 on Road ‘and Paving Matrals andthe direct responsibilty of Subcommiee DO4 on (Cacui ane Sodium Chorides and Other Deicing Matera Curent edtion approved March 30.1990. Published May 1990, Originally obined as D345 -38T. Last previous edition D 43 80 (1986), 3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, VO\ 8.02 3 Anna! Book of ASTM Standard. Vol 04.03 ‘Annual Book of ASTM Stondords. Vol 14.02, 5 annua! Bo of ASTM Standards, Vol 15,5. 10 a specification requirement shall be determined as de- scribed in Methods E 449, 3.2.1 This chemical procedure is intended to be a rapid ‘method and not to be used for determining chemical compliance with Specification D 98. 4. Apparatus 4.1 Sampling Equipment: 4.1.1 Sampling Tube—Metal tube, approximately 25 10 40 mm (1 to 1¥%4 in.) diameter, and of appropriate length (500 mm (20 in), minimum). 4.1.2 Sampling Bottle—Sampling devices such as de- scribed in Practice D 140 may be used. 4.1.3 Sampling Containers—Giass bottles or semi-rigid plastic containers with covers with air-tight seal. The con- tainers shall have wide mouths or openings for solid-form calcium chloride. 4.2 Sieves, with the size openings required for the test, shall conform to the requirements of Specification E 1 4.3 Glassware—Standard weighing bottles, volumetric flasks, and burets. 4.4: Balances, having a capacity of at least 250 g, shall be readable 10 0.1 g, and shall be accurate to 0./ g oF 0.1 % of the test Joad, whichever is greater, at any point within the range of use 5. Reagents and Materials 3.1 Nitric Acid (HNO,), 1+1 by volume. 5.2 Dichlorofluorescein—0,1 % aqueous solution of the sodium salt of dichlorofluorescein. 5.3 Silver Nitrate Soluion—0.1 N AgNOs, 5.4 Ammonium Hydroxide (NH,OH). 6. Sampling oe 6.1. Solid-Form Catetuia Chloride: 6.1.1 Package Shipments—Select not les than qhree con- tainers at random from the shipment. For drums. sample cach of the containers by scraping aside the top layer 10 @ depth of approximately 25 mm (1 in.) and taking 0.5-ke ({-Ib) samples by means of a sampling tube or other method that will ensure a sample that is representative of a cross section of the materials in the container to a depth of at least 150 mm {6 in.). For bags, take 0.5-kg samples by means of @ sampling tube penetrating atleast 300 mmr ft) into the bag For small containers with capacity not more than 5 kg, use ee ee eee ee ee ee eeEE —————————=——=——=——e—=—eee T13 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING 44 4) D345 the entire contents of the container. 6.1.2. Bulk Shipments—Select samples from at least three locations in the shipment, Scrape aside the top layer to a depth of approximately 300 mm (1 ft). Using a sampling tube, obtain a sample extending from the cleared surface to at least 50 % of the depth of the material in the container, ot a depth of 3, whichever is less. Each sample shall contain at least 0.5 kg of material. 6.1.3 Use caution during the sampling operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. Imme- diately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to form a representative composite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container. 62 Liquid-Form Calcium Chloride, Bulk Shipments or ‘Storage—Obiain a sample of atleast $00 mL (1 pt) from the bulk shipping container or storage tank or during discharge. Recirculate the solution in the tank until it is homogenous, then take one or more samples by means of an appropriate sampling device. 6.2.1 Use caution during the sampling operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. If more than one sample is taken, immediately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to form a representative com- posite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container. 7. Procedure 7.1 Sieve Analysis: 7.1.1 Sieve approximately 200 g of calcium chloride, ‘weighed to the nearest 0.1 g, in conformance with Method C136, except that sieving shall be completed within | min = 5:5 (see Note 1), Use the sieve sizes necessary to provide the information required by the specification covering the mate- rial, and such other sizes as necessary to regulate the amount of material on a sieve, together with a bottom pan and a cover. Report the sieve analysis on the basis of the grading requirements in Specification D98 or other applicable specification. Nove I—It is important that the sieving be completed within approximately 1 min and weighing be completed quickly due to the hygroscopic nature of calcium chloride. When possible. the sieve analyss should be performed in an area wath low ative humility. 1.2 Chemical Analysis—Rapid Method: 7.2.1 This rapid method for chemical analysis onlv deter- ‘mines total chlorides, and does not guarantee that the chloride present is calcium chloride. 7.2.2 Weigh a 20.0 + 0.2-g sample in a weighing bottle. ‘Add distilled water to solid-form calcium chloride to dis- solve, Add sufficient nitric acid (HNO,) (I+1) to clear, dilute to 1000 mL in a volumetric flask, and mix thoroughly. Titrate a 10-mL aliquot, containing 5 to 7 drops of the dichlorofluorescein solution as indicator, with 0.1 N silver itrate (AgNOs) solution to a pink end point. Other suitable indicators may be used. 7.23 Caleulate the percent CaCl, C, as follows: (C= mLO.1 N AgNO, x 2.77 Ifthe percent calcium chloride as determined by this method does not conform to the requirements of Specification D 98 or other applicable specifications, or if more than a slight precipitate of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)) appears when a 10% filtered solution of the material is made alkaline with ammonium hydroxide (NH,OH), then the sample is to be tested as described in Methods F 449, 8. Precision and Bias 8.1 Sieve Analysis: 8.1.1 Precision—Precision indexes for sieving calcium chloride have not been determined. The precision indexes in Table 1 of Method C 136 may be used as a guide for analyses carried out under these methods. 1.2 Bias—Since there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining bias for the procedure for measuring, the sieve analysis of calcium chloride, no statement on bias is, being made. 8.2 Chemical Analysis—This procedure for chemical analysis is not intended for precise measurement or specifica tions. It is designed to be helpful for people using calcium chloride for road and structural applications, and for per~ forming a rapid determination, Statements for precision and bias for this portion of the method are therefore not necessary. ‘Tha Anarcan Soca for Testhg and Materia taes no potion respecting he vay of any pate ight asserted in connection win any her maton I te standart User ofthe sana re expres nied tht dtrmibaton of he vay fay Such ‘ates, and he ik of ningarmert such rig, ae ete thet own exper. hi stanara i autiec 10 revi any tine Oy the response tecnica cammtee and must ba reviewed evry Ive years and “tr rei ar raaperoed with Yut cect vied ata Tr rein ois standard ofr wean tana land shud be addressed fo ASTM Hoadeuarors. Your comments wil recave car cansiaraion a a alg of re response Teoma! sormten.mhich you may ater. I you ou! Dat our commants have et rceveda fa hearing you shoul make Your Views knw ote ASTI Carmmites ov Standercs, 197 Race St, Phascepn, PA 19103