The document discusses two techniques for testing rock mass modulus: the Goodman Borehole Jack and plate loading tests. The Goodman Borehole Jack can apply and measure load in different radial directions, allowing estimation of modulus in varying positions and directions. Plate loading tests involve loading a large steel plate set on rock to generate a force-displacement curve. Both techniques can provide a range of modulus values as measurements are taken in intact rock and at discontinuity intersections.
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Hudson, J. a. and Harrison, J. R. - Rock Mechanics (Part1)-201
The document discusses two techniques for testing rock mass modulus: the Goodman Borehole Jack and plate loading tests. The Goodman Borehole Jack can apply and measure load in different radial directions, allowing estimation of modulus in varying positions and directions. Plate loading tests involve loading a large steel plate set on rock to generate a force-displacement curve. Both techniques can provide a range of modulus values as measurements are taken in intact rock and at discontinuity intersections.
The document discusses two techniques for testing rock mass modulus: the Goodman Borehole Jack and plate loading tests. The Goodman Borehole Jack can apply and measure load in different radial directions, allowing estimation of modulus in varying positions and directions. Plate loading tests involve loading a large steel plate set on rock to generate a force-displacement curve. Both techniques can provide a range of modulus values as measurements are taken in intact rock and at discontinuity intersections.
anisotropic and so an essential feature of such a device must be the ability
to both apply load and measure displacement in different radial directions. One of the best of these types of device is the Goodman Borehole Jack, shown in Fig. 11.12 together with example results. The ability to estimate the modulus, varying both the position and direction of application of the load, is a major advantage. The development of this, and other similar, devices has not been without difficulties. A salutory paper published by Heuze and Amadei (1985) lists the interpretative problems encountered by several investigators and documents the evolution of the Goodman jack. For example, imagine estimating the overall rock mass modulus from a series of measurements made on a borehole wall, often in close proximity to discontinuities. There will be a range of moduli values as the jack alternately measures within intact rock blocks and at locations where discontinuities intersect the borehole wall. A similar circumstance occurs with a plate loading test conducted either on a surface rock exposure or underground. In this test, a large steel plate is set on a cement grout pad and loaded, usually by the application of dead weights or by means of a hydraulic ram reacting against an opposing tunnel wall or a system of rock anchors, as illustrated in Fig. 11.13. A force-displacement curve can be generated from the hydraulic pressure
3-D hydraulic hole line
effect effiFiency dia. pressure change \ \ AQ' Ecalc 0.86 . 0.93 . D . &.K(v,P), diameter change ratio angle which, for full contact (P = 45") in an NX-borehole, reduced to (English units): AQ, (psi) Ecd,,(psi) = 2.40 . h ~ ( . ~K(v) ~ )
Figure 11.12 The Goodman Borehole Jack and example results.
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