Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Magnetic Field
→ → → → →
FE = q E FB = q v B
❑ The electric force is along the direction of the electric field, the
magnetic force is perpendicular to the magnetic field.
❑ The electric force acts on a charged particle regardless of whether
the particle is moving, the magnetic force acts on a charged
particle only when the particle is in motion.
❑ The electric force does work in displacing a charged particle, the
magnetic force does no work when a particle is displaced.
D y E y
B B v
v x x
z z
CONVENTION
OUT IN
v|| = v cos
v⊥ = v sin
❑ Motion in a nonuniform magnetic field: strong at
the ends and weak in the middle;
◼ Magnetic bottle
◼ Aurora
mv
r=
qB
D E
❑ Velocity Selector:
qE = qvB v=
E
B
❑ The Mass Spectrometer:
mv m rB0 m rB0 B
r= = =
qB q v q E
❑ The Cyclotron:
2m 1
T= f = f osc = q B = 2mf osc
qB T
October 31, 2007
In Magnetic Field and Electric Field
5. The figures shows four directions for the velocity vector v of
positively charged particle moving through a uniform electric field E
(into the page) and a uniform magnetic field B (point to right).
Which direction of velocity has the greatest magnitude of net force?
E A
v
D v B B
v
v
C
A B C D
a b c
B
e
d
❑ The direction of the length vector L or dL is that of the current i. d F B =→I ds→B →
❑ A coil in a uniform magnetic field B will experience a torque given by = i A B
❑ Here is the magnetic dipole moment of the coil, with magnitude = NiA
and direction given by the right-hand rule. → →
❑ The magnetic potential energy of a magnetic dipole in a magnetic field is U = − B