General

1. What is Base SAS? ↑

Base SAS is a text-based, basic IDE with an older interface. Enterprise Guide (EG) is a more GUI-like IDE with wizards

2. Define the STD function. ↑

With the help of the STD function, the standard deviation will be returned for the nonmissing statements.

3. What is BY-Group processing? ↑

This type of term is used to make sure that the data which is process is grouped, indexed or even ordered based de

4. If a variable contains letters or special characters, can it be numeric data type? ↑

No, it must be character data type.

5. How would you identify a macro variable? ↑

With the Ampersand (&) sign.

6. When will you use SELECT construct instead of IF statement? ↑

When we have a long series of mutually exclusive conditions and the comparison is numeric, we use SELECT constru

7. What are Global Statements in SAS? ↑

Global statements are the one used anywhere in a SAS program and takes effect until it is changed, canceled or SAS

8. What are SYMGET and SYMPUT? ↑

SYMPUT puts the value from a dataset into a macro variable where as SYMGET gets the value from the macro varia

9. What is SAS program? ↑

A SAS program is a sequence of statements executed in order. Every SAS statement ends with a semicolon and the

10. Full form for SAS? ↑

SAS means “Statistical Analysis Software”.

11. What are the 3 components in SAS programming? ↑

Statements
Variables
Dataset
12. Difference between Informat and Format. ↑
Informat - To tell SAS that a number should be read in a particular format.

Format - To tell SAS how to print the variables.

13. Elucidate the FILECLOSE data set option. ↑

When a data set is closed, its tape positioning is defined by FILECLOSE.
14. How to limit decimal places for variable using PROC MEANS? ↑
By using MAXDEC= option.

15. What is Linear Regression? ↑

Linear regression is a statistical technique where the score of a variable Y is predicted from the score of a second va

16. Does SAS 'Translate'(compile) or 'interpret'? ↑

Compile

17. How Data Step Merge and PROC SQL handle many-to-many relationship? ↑
Data Step MERGE does not create a cartesian product incase of a many-to-many relationship. Whereas, Proc SQL p

18. Can you explain the process of CALENDAR? ↑

The prime aim of CALENDAR is to make the data of the calendar on monthly basis be visible in the format of the SA

19. How do you use the do loop if you don’t know how many times you should execute the do loop? ↑
We can use ‘do until’ or ‘do while’ to specify the condition.

20. How many data types are there in SAS? ↑

There are two data types in SAS. Character and Numeric. Apart from this, dates are also considered as characters al

21. What is the one statement to set the criteria of data that can be coded in any step? ↑
WHERE statement can sets the criteria for any data set in a data step or a proc step.

22. What is the difference between PROC MEANS and PROC Summary? ↑
The difference between the two procedures is that PROC MEANS produces a report by default. By contrast, to prod

23. Explain the use of PROC GPLOT. ↑

PROC GPLOT identifies the data set that contains the plot variables. It has more options and, therefore, can create m

24. What is the use of $BASE64X? ↑

By using $BASE64X encoding, the character data is converted into ASCII text.

25. What is PDV? ↑

Program Data Vector (PDV) is the area of memory where data sets are created through the SAS system, one at a tim

26. How to redirect SAS user folder? ↑

Use LIBNAME statement to redirect SAS user folder.

27. What are _N_ and _ERROR_ in SAS? ↑

_N_ is a data counter variables used to indicate the number of times that SAS has looped through the data step.
_ERROR_ is a implicit variable created by SAS during data processing. It gives the total number of records SAS has it
28. What is the difference between %LOCAL and %GLOBAL? ↑
% Local is a macro variable defined inside a macro. %Global is a macro variable defined in open code (outside the m
29. What do you understand by CALL MISSING Routine? ↑
The character or numeric variables that are specified can be assigned missing values through the CALL MISSING rou

30. do you know what CALL PRXCHANGE routine is? ↑

CALL PRXCHANGE routine helps to perform the pattern matching replacement.

31. What is the purpose of trailing @ and @@? ↑

The single trailing @ tells the SAS system to “hold the line”.
The double trailing @@ tells the SAS system to “hold the line more strongly”.
32. How to count unique values by a grouping variable? ↑
You can use PROC SQL with COUNT(DISTINCT variable_name) to determine the number of unique values for a colum

33. What is the difference between do while and do until? ↑

An important difference between the DO UNTIL and DO WHILE statements is that the DO WHILE expression is evalu

34. When grouping is in effect, can the WHERE clause be used in PROC SQL to subset data? ↑
No. In order to subset data when grouping is in effect, the HAVING clause must be used. The variable specified in ha

35. What do you mean by the ALTER= Data Set option? ↑

It is used for assigning an ALTER password, which will stop users from changing the file.

36. What is the work of tranwrd function? ↑

TRANWRD function replaces or removes all occurrences of a pattern of characters within a character string.
more GUI-like IDE with wizards to assist with writing code for various processes.

nmissing statements.

xed or even ordered based depending upon the variables.

umeric, we use SELECT construct rather than IF-THEN or IF-THEN-ELSE statement because CPU time is reduced.

it is changed, canceled or SAS session ends.

he value from the macro variable to the dataset.

nds with a semicolon and the statement can be in upper-or lowercase letters.
 from the score of a second variable X. X is referred to as the predictor variable and Y as the criterion variable.

tionship. Whereas, Proc SQL produces a cartesian product.

visible in the format of the SAS data set.

te the do loop? ↑

so considered as characters although there are implicit functions to work upon dates.

y default. By contrast, to produce a report in PROC SUMMARY, you must include a PRINT option in the PROC SUMMARY statement.

ns and, therefore, can create more colorful and fancier graphics.

gh the SAS system, one at a time. When a program is executed, an Input Buffer is created that reads data values and makes them assigned

ped through the data step.

l number of records SAS has iterated in a dataset.

d in open code (outside the macro or can use anywhere).

hrough the CALL MISSING routine.

er of unique values for a column.

DO WHILE expression is evaluated at the top of the DO loop. If the expression is false the first time it is evaluated, then the DO loop neve

ed. The variable specified in having clause must contain summary statistics.

thin a character string.

C SUMMARY statement.

ues and makes them assigned to their respective variables.

uated, then the DO loop never executes. Whereas DO UNTIL executes at least once.