AATCC Test Method 22-2001 Water Repellency: Spray Test Developed in 1981 by AATCC Commi toe RAGS; revised 1952, 1996, 2001; re- affirmed 1943, 1961, 1964, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1985, 1989; editorially revised 1987. Technically lent 10180-4920. 1. Purpose and Scope 1.1This test method is applicable to any textile fabri, which may or may not have been given a water-repellent finish Temeasures the resistance of fabries 10 ‘wetting by water, It is especially suitable for measuring the watet-repellent effi cacy of finishes applied to fabrics, partic- ‘ularly plain woven fabrics, 1.2 The portability and simplicity of the instrument, and the shortness and simplicity of the test procedure, make this method of test especially suitable For ‘mill production control work. I is not in- tended, however, for use in predicting the probable rain penetration resistance of fabrics, since it does not measure pene- ‘ration of water through the fabric. 1.3 The results obwined with this test meiliod depend primurily on the resis- tance to wetting or water repellency of | the fibers, yams and finish on the fabric, ‘and not upon the construction of the fabric: 2. Principle 2.1 Water sprayed against the taut sur face of a test specimen under controlled conditions produces a wetted. pattern Whose size depends on the relative repel- leney of the fabric, Evaluation is aceam- plished by comparing the wetted pattern ‘with pictures on a standard char. 3. Terminology 3.Lwater repelleney, n.—in textiles, the characteristic ofa fiber, yarn of fabric 4, Safety Precautions NOTE: These safety precautions are for information parposes only. The pre- cautions are ancillary to the testing proce- ‘dures and are not intended to be allinclu- sive. It is the user's responsibility to use safe and proper techniques in handling materials inthis test method. Manufac~ turers MUST be consulted for specific details such as material safety data and ‘ther manufacturer's recommendations. ‘AILOSHA standards and rules must also ‘be consultedand followed. “4.1 Good laboratory practices should he followed, Wear safety glasses in all laboratory areas. ‘AATCC Technical Manual2003 5. Apparatus and Materials 7.2 Place the hoop on the stand of the test 5.1 AATCC Spray Tester (see 10.1, Figs 1,2, 2A and 3), 5.2 Beaker em coin 5.3 Water, disilled, (ce Fig. 2A). 7.2.1 Inthe case of wills, gabardines, piques of fabrics of similar ribbed co with the fabric uppermost in such a position that the center of the spray pat- tem coincides with the center of the hoop 6. Test Specimens struction, place the hoop on the stand in 6.1 Three test specimens 180 x 180 such a way that the ribs ate diagonal to ‘mm (7 x7 in.) are needed and should be the flow of water running off the fabric conditioned at 68 + 2% rel fe humidity specimen and 21 + 1°C (70+ 2°F) fora minimum 7.3 Pour 250 ml. of distilled water at of 4a before testing. 274 °C (80 + 2°F) into the funnel ofthe 62 Where possible, cach specimen ester and allow it to spray onto the test should contain different groupsaflength- specimen in 25-30, wise and widthwise yarns, 7.3.1 Avoid touching the funnel with thebeaker while pouring the distilled wa- en ter, Movement ofthe funnel will alter the 7.1 Fasten the test specimen securely spray disposition on the specimen in the 152 mm metal hoop so that it pre- 7.3.2 The spray time must be between sents a smooth wrinkle-fre surface 25:30 s, otherwise the nozzle should be STANDARD SPRAY TEST RATINGS CS@ 100 (ISO 5) 90 (ISO 4) 80 (ISO 3) “#@@ 70 (ISO 2) 50 (ISO 1) 100-NO STICKING OR WETTING 70 PARTIAL WETTING OF WHOLE (OF UPPER SURFACE. (OF UPPER SURFACE 190-SLIGHT RANDOM STICKING OR 30-COMPLETE WETTING OF WHOLE ‘WETTING OF UPPER SURFACE. OF UPPER SURFACE. 180-WETTING OF UPPER SURFACE 0 COMPLETE WETTING OF WHOLE [AT SPRAY POINTS. ‘UPPER AND LOWER SURFACES. Fig. 1—Spray test rating chart ‘TM 22-2001 cyFig. 2—AATCC spray tester. cchocked to see ifthe holesare enlarged or locked. 7.4 Take the hoop by one edge and tap the opposite edge smartly once against a solid object, with the fabric facing the ob ject, then rotate the hoop 180° and tap ‘once more on the pot previously held, 7.5 Repeat the above steps for all three specimens. 4, Evaluation and Report 8.1 Immediately after tapping_com- pare the wet or spotted pattem with the ating chart (see Fig. 1). Rate the side of the fabric impacted by the water. Each test specimen is assigned a rating corre- sponding to the nearest standard in the rating chart. Intermediate ratings ean be used for nitings of 50 or higher. In rating loosely woven or porous fabrics, such as voile, any passage of water through the ‘openings ofthe fabric is disregarded. 8.2 Report the individual rating results for cach test specimen. Do not average the results, 66 1M 22-2001 Glass tunnel #15085 mm ing support Rubber tubing Spray nozzle ‘stand Specimen ‘Specimen tor Support Fig. 2A—Detalls of AATCC spray tester. xa 12 holes ¢0.86 05 mm ‘ona circle #21 = 5mm holes 6 0.86 = 05 mm onacicle # 10.5mm ‘hole 9086 2.05 mm on contor as+25 St 324.50 mm Fig. 3Nozzle for spray tester. AATCC Technical Manual2003a recision and Bias 9.1 Precision. Provision of this test method is based on interlaboratory tests ‘conducted in 1994, using six laboratories, three fubries, two operators per labora tory and three determinations per opera tor. Separate tests were run on two days. ‘There were no significant differences found for days, and the data sets were ‘combined for analysis, 191.1 The Spray Rating Seale is discrete and discontinuous, but results are based fon averages which tend to moma Alea igs ry asippes api. dey Tater than by arbitrary visual ssignent For these reasons, RAS has made a judg ‘ment that analysis of variance be used in determining the precision ofthis method, ‘without correction for discontinuity 9.1.2 The three fabrics used in this study cover a range of 100 to 80 Spray Rating. Obviously, this is a limited study ‘upon which to base a statement of preci sion for the method. It is the best and ‘only estimate of precision currently avail- able. Users ofthe test method should be feuided accordingly. Inmaking. fabric ‘comparisons for Spray Rating, laborato- ries are encouraged to establish their ‘AATCC Technical Manual'2003 levels by running fabrics of known per- formance prior to any test comparisons, and to bring the practice of the test ‘method under statistical control 9.1.3 Plant experience consistently has shown variation in spray ratings near a rade of 100 to be quite small, with in- ‘creasing variation as the grado goes lower. This has been verified again, in this lim- ited study. For this reason, critical dffer- tence tables are shown for two ranges. 9.1.4 Single fabric precision param- eters Tor tWo fabric levels are given in Tables Land I Table I-Spray Rating Range—80 ‘Components of Variance Vig 172222 92593 9.3750 ‘Single Fabric Precision Parameters Single Within Botween Operator Laboratory Laboratory 185 120 188 2 80 104 155 3 49 98 181 4 42 94 Ma 5 38 92 aa Table l—Spray Rating Range—100 ‘Components of Variance a Fabric Precision Parameters 59 a2 38 29 25 Vo=0 within Between Nu pestoe LabortoyUsboatny 63 43 41 37 35 63 48 4 37 35 9.2 Bias. This test method has no known bias. There is no referee method by which to determine the true value of Spray Rating and to in this methodology. 10.Notes nd any existing bias .1The AATCC Spray Test Unit con- sisting of boop, nozzle, Tunnel, stand and Spray Test Rating Chart is available. fom AATCC, P.O, Box 12215, Research Triangle TM 22-2001 277085 el: 91949-8141; fae 919) or