Design For Assembly and Manufacturing

July 28, 2021

By : Behailu Mamo

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 Content:
Definition

DFM and DFA Benefits

DFM and DFA Design Guidelines

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 Definition

 Design For Assembly (DFA) involves making attachment

directions and methods simpler.

 Design for manufacturing (DFM) is design based on

minimizing the cost of production and/or time to market for a
product, while maintaining an appropriate level of quality.

 The strategy in DFM involves minimizing the number of

parts in a product and selecting the appropriate
manufacturing process.

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 DFM and DFA Benefits
 It reduces part count thereby reducing cost.

 If a design is easier to produce and assemble, it can

be done in less time, so it is less expensive.

 It increases reliability, because if the production

process is simplified, then there is less opportunity

for errors.

 It generally increases the quality of the product for

the same reason as why it increases the reliability.

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 DFM and DFA

 DFM and DFA starts with the formation of the design

team which tends to be multi-disciplinary, including
engineers, manufacturing managers, cost accountants,
and marketing and sales professionals.

 The most basic approach to design for manufacturing and

assembly is to apply design guidelines/process of machine
design

 You should use design guidelines with an understanding

of design goals. Make sure that the application of a
guideline improves the design concept on those goal.

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 DFM and DFA Design Guidelines

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 1. Simplify the design and reduce the number of parts

 Minimize part count by incorporating multiple functions into

single parts. Several parts could be fabricated by using

different manufacturing processes (sheet metal forming,
injection molding). Ask yourself if a part function can be
performed by a neighboring part.

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 2. Standardize parts to reduce variety

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 3. Design for ease of fabrication and assembly
 Design to allow assembly in open spaces, not
confined spaces. Do not bury important
components.

Design for ease assembly

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 Cont…

Design for ease of fabrication

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 Cont…

 Distinguish different parts that are shaped similarly by

non-geometric means, such as color coding.

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 Cont…
 Design parts with orienting features to make
alignment easier.

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 Cont…
 Provide alignment features on the assembly so parts

are easily oriented.

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 4. Design within process capabilities and
avoid unneeded surface finish requirements.

 Know the production process capabilities of

equipment and establish controlled processes.

 Avoid unnecessarily tight tolerances that are

beyond the natural capability of the

manufacturing processes.
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 5. Mistake-proof product design and assembly
(Poka-yoke)

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 6. Design for parts orientation and handling

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 Cont…

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7. Minimize flexible parts and interconnections

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 8. Design for efficient joining and fastening

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 Cont…

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 9. Design modular products

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 Minimizing the Number of Parts
To determine whether it is possible to combine neighboring parts, ask yourself

the following questions:

 Dose the parts move relative to each other ?

 Dose the parts be electrically or thermally insulated ?

 Dose the parts be made of different material ?

 Does combing the parts interfere with assembly of other parts ?

 Will servicing be adversely affected ?

If the answer to all questions is “NO”, you should find a way to combine the

parts.

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 Thank You

if you have any question ???

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